family wellness dra mek 1-12

8/14/2019 Family Wellness Dra Mek 1-12

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Marikka Villafuerte-Solana, MD

San Beda College of Medicine

FCH1

Jan. 14, 2010


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Definitions of Health"Health is a state of

complete physical, mental,and social well-being and

not merely the absence of

disease"(WHO, 1947, p. 1)


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GOOD HEALTH MEANSPreventing premature death

Preventing disabilityPromoting an environment that

supports life

Cultivating community andfamily support


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GOOD HEALTH MEANSEnhancing individuals ability to

respond and to take action

Assuring that all people achieve andmaintain a maximum level offunctioning


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Definition of Wellness an active process by which an individual

progresses towards maximum potentialpossible, regardless of current state ofhealth

five dimensions of wellness:

Physical

Sociocultural/environmental

Emotional Intellectual

Spiritual


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FAMILY WELLNESS

Family wellness is a biggerpicture than personal wellness.And while it includes the sameindividual wellness factors foreach member of your family, italso includes the wellness factors

of the family as a group.


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FAMILY WELLNESS

Each family is, in manyways, its own living,breathing ecosystem with all partsdependent on the well

being of the others.Family well being

depends on the qualityof the communication

and time sharedbetween everyone inthe family.


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The positivenessof health does not

lie in the state , butin the struggle--

the effort to reach agoal

Gordon I . 1958


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NEUTRAL POINT(No discernible illness or wellness)

DISABILITYSYMPTOMS SIGNS

TREATMENT MODEL

AWARENESSEDUCATION GROWTH

WELLNESS MODEL


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Cornerstone of health and wellness

Taking control of ones lifestyle andhealth behaviors so that lifestyle is

the result of choice and not the resultof chance and ignorance

Conscious, willful, internally directed

behavior that promotes health and


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Physician recommendations

have been demonstrated tosignificantly improve

patients efforts to changebehaviors. Rippe J et al., Lifestyl;e Medicine,1999


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THE WELLNESS GUIDETOPREVENTIVE CARE

Screening tests for earlydetection of disease

Education/Counseling abouthealthy habits and injury

preventionImmunizations

Chemoprophylaxis


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THE WELLNESS GUIDE TOPREVENTIVE CARE

Education/Counselingabout healthy habitsand injury prevention

Screening tests for

early detection ofdisease

Immunizations

Chemoprophylaxis


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LIFESTYLEDIET (fat, fiber, salt, caffeine, water )

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

TOBACCO (active, passive)

ALCOHOL (# of drinks)

Stress Coping and MENTAL HEALTH

SLEEP

SEXUAL ACTIVITIES

PERSONAL HYGIENE

SKIN CARE


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HOW BEHAVIORINFLUENCE HEALTH..

Peoples lifestyle include many behaviorsthat are risk factors for illness and injury

Health protective behavior Any behavior performed by a person , regardless of his/her

perceived health status in order to protect, promote ormaintain health whether or not such behavior is in facteffective or not (Harris and Guten, 1979)

Health seeking behavior Any behavior by which the person utilizes the available health

resources


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THEORETICAL


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THEORETICALCONSTRUCTS

CONSUMER INFORMATION

SOCIAL LEARNING

HEALTH BELIEFS MODEL

TRANS - THEORETICAL MODEL


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CONSUMER

INFORMATIONAPPROPRIATE INFORMATION FOR

RATIONAL DECISION MAKINGHAS AN IMPORTANT INFLUENCE

ON HUMAN BEHAVIOR


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SOCIAL LEARNING

THEORYBEHAVIOR CAN BE LEARNED AND

THEREFORE UNLEARNED OR

ALTERED.

THIS MAY BE DONE THROUGHACHIEVEMENT OF SMALL GOALS,MONITORING OF PROGRESS AND

SELF REWARD.


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HEALTH BELIEFS

MODELSATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ARE BEHIND WHATMOTIVATES PATIENTS TO CHANGE

Perceived seriousness

Perceived susceptibility

Cues to action


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TRANS-THEORETICAL

MODELCHANGE IS A DYNAMIC

CONCEPT.CHANGING BEHAVIOR GOES

THROUGH STAGES


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PRE-CONTEMPLATION

NOT INTENDING TO TAKE

ACTION WITHIN THE NEXTSIX MONTHS


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PREPARATIONINTENDING TO TAKE ACTION INTHE IMMEDIATE FUTURE

[USUALLY MEASURED AS

THE NEXT MONTH ]

HAVE A CONCRETE PLAN ON HOWTO CHANGE


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ACTIONHAVE MADE SPECIFIC OVERT

MODIFICATIONS TOBEHAVIOR WITHIN THE LAST6 MONTHS


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MAINTENANCEWORKING TO PREVENT RELAPSEINCREASING CONFIDENCE IN

CAPABILITY

LASTS 6 MONTHS TO 5 YEARS


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TERMINATIONZERO TEMPTATION TO RELAPSE

AND100 % CONFIDENCE IN ABILITY TO

MAINTAIN NEW BEHAVIOR


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3

2NDARY

PRIMARY

SELF-CARE


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Primary

preventionIdentification of risk factors

Prevention of onset of disease


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Secondary prevention

Early detection of disease to preventprogression

screening


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Tertiary prevention

Prevention of complications

Adequate treatment of existing

diseaseReturn to function despite disability


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Natural Course of Disease

Asymptomatic

Normal physiology

Cellular

damage

Signs and

symptoms

NEUTRAL

POINTCLINICAL

ONSET

BIOLOGIC

ONSET


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LIFESTYLEDIET (fat, fiber, salt, caffeine, water )

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

TOBACCO (active, passive)

ALCOHOL (# of drinks)

Stress Coping and MENTAL HEALTH

SLEEP

CAFFEINE INTAKE

SEXUAL ACTIVITIES

PERSONAL HYGIENE & SKIN CARE


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Caffeine contained in two cups of

coffee may raise the BP by 5 mmHg in infrequent users. Inhabitual users, caffeine hasminor effect on the bloodpressure.

Ruhl et al, 2000


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Drinking more than five cups of coffee perday was more common among patientswith subarachnoid aneurysmal hemorrhage(85%) than controls (59%) (p = 0.004).

Isaksen, 2002


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At least 8 hours of sleep per daypoor sleep with initiation

difficulties is an independentrisk factor for cardiac events

among menreduced stage 3-4 sleep

predicted poorer overall health

Poorer quality of life was

predicted by reduced deep sleepEdell-Gustafson, 2002


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Promoting Sleep HygieneUse the bedroom only for sleeping or

having sex. Don't eat, talk on the phoneor watch TV while you're in bed

Make sure the bedroom is quiet and dark.If noise is a problem, use a fan to maskthe noise or use earplugs. If you mustsleep during the day, hang dark blindsover the windows or wear an eye mask


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Promoting Sleep HygieneIf you're still awake after trying to

fall asleep for 30 minutes, get up and

go to another room. Sit quietly forabout 20 minutes before going backto bed. Do this as many times as youneed to until you can fall asleep.

Avoid alcohol. Even if alcohol makesyou drowsy, it interrupts your body'ssleep rhythms and can cause sleep

disturbances


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Promoting Sleep HygieneAvoid caffeine. Consuming anything

with caffeine less than six hours

before bedtime can interfere with agood night's sleep

Avoid eating a big meal too close tobedtime

Maintain a comfortable

room temperature

Keep worries at bay


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Men's Health Check-upListCholesterol checks: every 5 years, starting

at age 35. If smoking, have diabetes or ifheart disease runs in the family, start

having cholesterol check at age 20Blood Pressure: every 2 years. Some racial

and ethnic groups have a higher risk andshould discuss the issue with their HCP.

Colorectal Cancer Tests: Begin regularscreening for colorectal cancer starting atage 50. Yearly Fecalysis w/ occultblood(>50), Colonoscopy (>60)


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Men's Health Check-upListDiabetes Tests: (+) high blood pressure or

high cholesterolDepression: feeling "down," sad, or

hopeless, and have little interest or

pleasure in doing things for 2 weeksstraight

Sexually Transmitted DiseasesProstate Cancer Screening: Talk to a doctor

about the possible benefits and harms ofprostate cancer screening if you areconsidering having a prostate-specificantigen (PSA) test or digital rectalexamination (DRE)


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Women's Health Check-upListMammograms: every 1 to 2 years starting at

age 40. optional 40-49, yearly 50-75Pap Smears: Have a Pap smear every 1 to 3

years if you have been sexually active or areolder than 21. Maximum interval every 3 yrs

after 3 consecutive normal exams, yearlyuntil 75, >75 optional

Cholesterol checks: Have your cholesterolchecked at least every 5 years, starting at

age 35. If smoking, have diabetes, or if heartdisease runs in the family, start havingcholesterol check at age 20.


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Women's Health Check-upListBlood Pressure: checked at least

every 2 years or more often. Some

racial and ethnic groups have a

higher risk and should discuss theissue with their HCP

Colorectal Cancer Tests: Begin regular

screening for colorectal cancerstarting at age 50

Diabetes Tests: if (+)high blood

pressure or high cholesterol


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Women's Health Check-upListDepression:feeling "down," sad, or

hopeless, and have little interest or

pleasure in doing things for 2 weeksstraight

Osteoporosis Tests: bone density test at

age 65 to screen for osteoporosis. If

between the ages of 60 and 64 and weigh154 lbs. or less, talk to HCP

Chlamydia Tests and Tests for Other

Sexually Transmitted Diseases


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Screening tests forearly detection ofdisease

Education/Counselingabout healthy habits

and injury prevention Immunizations

Chemoprophylaxis



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H. Influenza vaccine every yearstarting at age 50

Tetanus-diphtheria, 3-dose-seriesfor previously unvaccinated,booster dose every 10 years

Pneumococcal vaccine once atage 65 (earlier if (+) for certainhealth problems, such as lungdisease)

Hepatitis A & B shotsVaricella vaccine for all adults

without prior infection


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BCG

DPTOPV

Measles

MMRHepatitis B

Varicella

Tetanus-diphtheriaboosters(Td)-11-16 yrs

Rubella (females > 12 yrs)


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Screening tests forearly detection ofdisease

Education/Counselingabout healthy habits

and injury prevention Immunizations

Chemoprophylaxis



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Aspirin

older than 40 or younger than 40 who have highblood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or ifsmoking

Hormonal Replacement Therapy

risks of taking the combined hormones

estrogen and progestin after menopause to

prevent long-term illnesses outweigh thebenefits

Iron in pregnant women helps both the mother andbaby's blood carry oxygen

Folic acid-women of child bearing age- 400micrograms (or 0.4 mg) every day could prevent upto 70 percent of neural tube defects


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CalciumGuidelines from the National Academy of Sciences says that

the Adequate Intakes (AIs), in milligrams (mg), each day forcalcium are:

Infants 0-6 mo - 210 mg

7-12 mo - 270 mg

Children 1-3 yrs - 500 mg

4-8 yrs - 800 mg

9-13 yrs - 1,300 mg

4-18 yrs - 1,300 mg

Adults 19-50 yrs - 1,000 mg

Over 51 yrs - 1,200 mg During Pregnancy & Lactation

Under 18 yrs - 1,300 mg

19 yrs and older - 1,000 mg


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Calcium and Vitamin D

A serving of milk or yogurt

contains around 300 mg calcium

Vitamin D is needed to help the

body absorb calcium correctly


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family wellness dra mek 1-12

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