FAO’s Transboundary Animal Disease  Programme

EMPRES/GLEWS Overview 

Scott Newman

Animal Health Officer 

Emergency Prevention System (EMPRES)‐Wildlife Unit

Animal Health Service (AGAH)

EMergency PREvention System Animal  Health

EMPRES ‐ created in 1994, as part of FAO’s Regular Programme

FAO’s conceptual framework for addressing infectious animal diseases.

Four key components: ‐

early warning/risk assessment;

‐

research/science/technology support;‐

intervention and strategy development; and

‐

partnerships and technical communication

The New context of Animal Diseases

increase of human population therefore high pressure to increase animal production and productivity (8.3 billion by 2030)

new emergent disease

vulnerability to emergencies: poor and developing countries

climate change and human intervention: deforestation, water availability, etc..biodiversity, conservation 

Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. Jones, K.E., 2008 Nature

Zoonotic

pathogens

zoonotiques, wildlife

Relative risk

of event(multivariate

analysis

on risk

factors,

vector-borne

diseases

Environment and Health

Environment and Health

Veterinary Public Health

Veterinary Public Health

Animal Health ServiceAnimal Health Service

TADs/EMPRESTADs/EMPRES

PolicyInformation

Production

FAO EMPRES

Transboundary Animal Diseases:‐

EMPRES

– Emergency Prevention System for 

Transboundary Animal and Plants Diseases and  Pests

‐

Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal  Diseases

‐

Crisis Management Centre–

Animal Health GF‐TADs – FAO and OIEGLEWS – FAO, OIE and WHOOne World‐One Health – FAO, OIE, WHO and UNICEF (with UNSIC and WB)

AGAH - Animal Health Service (IDG) 2007-2009AGAH - Animal Health Service (IDG) 2007-2009

Foot-and-mouth Disease, Classical Swine Fever, African Swine Fever, Rinderpest, PPR, Newcastle, Brucellosis, Rift Valley Fever, HPAI ...

Foot-and-mouth Disease, Classical Swine Fever, African Swine Fever, Rinderpest, PPR, Newcastle, Brucellosis, Rift Valley Fever, HPAI ...

Information systems, vaccine production, diagnostic equipment, health and production, legislation, workshops, study tours, strategy development, contingency planning, legislation reviews, risk analysis, ...

Information systems, vaccine production, diagnostic equipment, health and production, legislation, workshops, study tours, strategy development, contingency planning, legislation reviews, risk analysis, ...

DISEASE INTELLIGENCE

Disease alert and early warning messages

- digested analysis/disease intelligence- forecasting messages (collaborating centers network) - Example EMPRES Watch in FAO (labeled ”GLEWS team in FAO”)

Analysis-modeling-forecastingFactual Digested

Forecasting

0102030405060708090

-20 -16 -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

No

Cas

es

Time

Early Response

Early Detection

Vaccin°

Animal Control

Opportunity

P. Formenty, WHO & S. de La Rocque, FAO

Early Warning

EFFECTIVE RESPONSE &RISK COMMUNICATION

Based on 3 consecutive months of NDVI anomalies (>0.1/years mean)

Operational outbreak response is responsibility of FAO/OIE CMC‐AH

Effective Response

CMC-AH Missions 2006-2009

34 missions

Prevention and ResponsePrevention and Response

Value Chain Mapping of Kampong Chickens and Ducks

Hatchery Farm (Budidaya) Sapronak (Satuan Produksi Ternak) /Livestock Production Unit

Cut Chicken / Duck Eggs

Collector fromOutside Jakarta Province

Collector inJakarta Province

Salty EggsProducers

Traditional Market

Household

TPA (Tempat Pemotongan Ayam) / Chicken Slaughter Place/Point)TPI (Tempat Pemotongan Itik) / Duck Slaughter Place/Point

Chicken Peddler Restaurant SupermarketFood Stall

Collector fromOutside Jakarta Province

Collector inJakarta Province

Bakery

KioskJamu / Traditional Herb Seller

Martabak / Omelet Seller

Kampong chicken

Chicken’s eggs

Duck’s eggs

Duck meat

PARTNERSHIPS

Regional Regional SupportSupport UnitsUnits

PAHOPAHO

OIRSAOIRSA

IICAIICA

ECO/SAARCECO/SAARC

PACE- AU/IBAR PACE- AU/IBAR

SADCSADC

GCCGCC

ASEANASEAN

Disease and Infection at the SOURCE

Upstream investigation

Epidemiology ~ Laboratory Networks

Knowledge on animal production, land usage, marketing schemes, movement patterns … an integrated and holistic approach.

GLobal Early Warning and Response System

Key concepts of GF‐TADs

Université

Libre

de Bruxelles

Belgium France

USA

Animal Health

Service

EMPRES

AGAP AGAL

FAO Collaborators: Asian FocusFAO Collaborators: Asian Focus

New Zealand Australia

Việt NamDepartment of Animal Health

ThailandDepartment of Livestock

Development

PR ChinaMinistry of Agriculture

+ Regional Office

PRIORITY PROGRAMMES

Holistic Approach•

Disease Ecology and 

Environment•

Aetiological Agents•

Farming and Marketing Systems 

(value chains)•

Husbandry Practices and 

Biosecurity•

Socio‐Economic Factors•

Commerce, Movement, and 

Trends•

Land Use•

Climate and Environment•

Disasters

H5N1 HPAIH5N1 HPAI

Regional Projects (initial FAO regional and national Technical Cooperation Projects supported by donor contributions ~ USD 300 million)

Networks – Epidemiology, Diagnostic Laboratories, Socio‐Economic Studies, Wildlife ...)

Capacity Building

Cross‐border coordination

Laboratory equipment, reagents, supplies, personal protection and disinfection equipment, vaccines, ...

Regional Projects (initial FAO regional and national Technical Cooperation Projects supported by donor contributions ~ USD 300 million)

Networks – Epidemiology, Diagnostic Laboratories, Socio‐Economic Studies, Wildlife ...)

Capacity Building

Cross‐border coordination

Laboratory equipment, reagents, supplies, personal protection and disinfection equipment, vaccines, ...

Early 1980sEarly 1980s

Early 1990sEarly 1990s

2001

2009

RINDERPESTRINDERPEST

Signs: 

FeverDischarges: nose, eyes

Diarrhoea/dysentery

Ulcers in mouthDeath (can exceed 90 %)

Signs: 

FeverDischarges: nose, eyes

Diarrhoea/dysenteryUlcers in mouthDeath (can exceed 90 %)

GREP PROGRESSGREP PROGRESS

Stages 0‐3 = infected countries/zones

Risk not controlled

Continuous FMDV circulation

Critical risk points identified,

strategy being developed

Critical points addressedincidence

Approaching freedom

Outbreaks < once / year

Officially free with vaccination

No circulation / containment zones only

0

1

2

3

4

Officially free without

vaccination

No circulation / containment zones only5

FAO Progressive Control Pathway  

‐

risk reduction approach (under development)not a top down prescribed approach: 

but each MS encouraged to develop 

national risk reduction strategies that 

are supportive to the regional effort

Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease (FMD)

GLEWS• GLEWS: formalized FAO/ OIE/ WHO initiative

since 2006Links existing early warning systems through a common and confidential platform.

• An early warning system that formally brings together human and veterinary public health systems to share

Zoonotic disease outbreak information Epidemiological and risk analysis

• Desired outcome: Triggers appropriate actionTimely, information driven decision makingAvoided/ decreased zoonotic disease burdenCoherent messages from participating organizations

Is the public health impact of the event serious?Emerging disease with significant mortality and/or morbidity or zoonotic potential.High morbidity and/or high mortality in humans and/or animals.

Is the event unusual or unexpected?First occurrence or reoccurrence of a disease/strain.Unusual event for the area or season.Event associated with an unknown agent.

Is there significant risk of international spread?Potential for transboundary spread.

Is there significant risk of international travel or trade restrictions? 

What triggers GLEWS?

Project Background and Objectives

•

The GLEWS project started in 2006 with the participation of 

FAO, OIE and  WHO

•

Enhance the Early Warning and Response capacity to 

animal disease threats

•

Sharing information

•

Avoiding duplication of efforts

•

Coordinating the verification process

•

Joint analysis and assessment by the three organizations 

•

Joint response

•

Joint dissemination

Components of the "GLEWS platform"

Tracking component:  

‐

Sharing of information of major animal disease threats, 

including zoonoses

Risk assessment component: 

‐Provide epidemiological analysis and assessments of major 

animal disease threat, including zoonoses. 

Modelling component: 

‐

Provide access to prediction and prevention studies of 

major animal disease threats, including zoonoses

Two integrated subsystemsGLEWS PlatformGLEWS Public Website

GLEWS Public Events

•Restricted to the GLEWS Taskforce Members•Event Management •Analysis & Reporting functionalities•Automatic Notifications•e-Mail Registry•Performance & Metrics module•Administration and Configuration

•Publicly accessible•Content Management System (restricted users)•Public Maps and Event List (only officialy

confirmed/denied cases•Simple Analysis functionalities•Public Documents

The GLEWS Public Website http://www.glews.net