farm of the future. where are you now?! farm of the future where we are farm of the future coalinga...
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![Page 1: Farm of the Future. Where are you NOW?! Farm of the Future Where We Are Farm of the Future Coalinga California Central Valley 36.147687N 120.349157 W](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d645503460f94a46da6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Farm of the Future
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Farm of the Future
Where are youNOW?!
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Farm of the Future
Where We Are
• Farm of the Future• Coalinga• California• Central Valley• 36.147687N 120.349157 W (of where?)
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Farm of the Future
The World 220 BC
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Farm of the Future
What is GIS?
• Maps + Data• It’s “Layers”• Analysis by Location (Spatial
Component)• Technical Tools
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Boundary
River
Geology
Precipitation
Soil
Map Layers
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Farm of the Future
Why is GIS Important?
• Most data has a spatial component• GIS provides a method to:
o Analyze the spatial component,o Display the data spatially,o And retrieve data spatially
• GIS is a Management Tool
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Farm of the Future
Ag EducationDemographics
Teachers0 - 56 - 1112 - 1718 - 2728 - 46
California Agricultural EducationTeachers/100,000
0 - 33 - 66 - 1111 - 2121 - 45
California Agricultural Education
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Farm of the Future
Data VisualizationLON LAT ZFT ZFT
-119.727289 36.822758 2.6 4.3
-119.727283 36.822764 2.8 4.3
-119.727274 36.822776 2.7 3.5
-119.727260 36.822788 2.8 4.4
-119.727242 36.822792 3.6 5.8
-119.727223 36.822792 3.5 6.4
-119.727201 36.822783 1.9 4.7
-119.727183 36.822768 1.8 3.3
-119.727170 36.822746 2.5 4.4
-119.727163 36.822720 2.4 3.6
-119.727160 36.822690 2.2 3.1
-119.727158 36.822659 2.5 3.4
-119.727158 36.822626 2.6 3.5
-119.727157 36.822593 2.6 3.5
-119.727156 36.822559 2.5 3.5
-119.727156 36.822525 2.1 3.3
-119.727157 36.822488 1.9 2.8
-119.727158 36.822448 2.2 3.3
-119.727158 36.822407 2.5 4.1
-119.727158 36.822366 2.6 3.7
-119.727158 36.822322 3.0 4.2
-119.727158 36.822277 3.6 5.2
-119.727159 36.822233 3.4 3.8
-119.727159 36.822188 3.7 4.4
-119.727160 36.822141 3.1 3.5
-119.727161 36.822095 3.1 3.4
-119.727162 36.822049 2.8 2.9
-119.727163 36.822003 3.0 2.9
-119.727163 36.821956 2.0 2.2
-119.727164 36.821910 2.0 2.2
-119.727165 36.821863 2.7 3.4
-119.727166 36.821818 4.7 5.6
-119.727166 36.821771 4.5 5.5
-119.727166 36.821724 3.8 7.1
-119.727166 36.821677 3.5 6.8
-119.727167 36.821630 3.0 5.1
-119.727167 36.821582 2.1 3.6
-119.727167 36.821534 2.7 3.8
-119.727166 36.821484 2.8 3.9
-119.727165 36.821434 2.6 2.1
-119.727165 36.821384 2.1 1.5
-119.727167 36.821333 1.5 1.1
-119.727168 36.821283 1.1 1.1
-119.727168 36.821234 1.2 1.0
-119.727168 36.821187 3.0 2.9
-119.727169 36.821141 5.1 4.8
-119.727168 36.821097 5.1 5.3
-119.727168 36.821055 5.0 5.1
-119.727167 36.821014 5.2 5.2
-119.727166 36.820974 5.2 5.4
-119.727164 36.820936 5.1 5.8
-119.727160 36.820898 4.9 5.4
-119.727155 36.820862 3.7 4.6
-119.727154 36.820830 1.5 2.1
-119.727161 36.820803 1.9 1.8
-119.727177 36.820783 2.3 2.0
-119.727200 36.820770 4.4 4.2
-119.727227 36.820766 4.0 5.9
-119.727255 36.820773 1.7 2.8
-119.727276 36.820791 1.3 1.9
-119.727286 36.820816 1.9 2.3
-119.727284 36.820847 1.3 2.1
-119.727275 36.820880 3.3 4.5
-119.727265 36.820914 4.3 5.0
-119.727258 36.820951 5.1 5.9
-119.727252 36.820990 4.8 5.1
-119.727248 36.821029 4.7 4.9
Bulk Soil EC Field 15
0.02.04.0
6.08.0
10.012.0
14.016.018.0
1 501 1001 1501 2001 2501 3001 3501 4001 4501 5001
Sample Number
EC
(m
icro
mh
os
)
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Farm of the Future
Data Visualization with GIS
• Data is collected with spatial location (DGPS)
• Plot represents 5100 data points
• Soil electrical conductivity indicates soil texture
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Farm of the Future
GIS Terms and Concepts
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Farm of the Future
Terms
• Themes = layers• Types of “Vector”
themeso point o lineo polygon
• “Raster” Themes o grido images
• Centroid o Geographic center
• Classificationo Grouping of data
• Legendo Description of map
symbols
• Scaleo Relationship of the
map to the real world
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Farm of the Future
Point Themes
• Ex. Wells• Polygon centroids• Place locations• Data collection points
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Farm of the Future
# #
#
# #
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
98
11 10
14 15
19
2722
20
1613
17
Example Point
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Farm of the Future
Line Themes
• Roads• Pipelines• Canals• Streams• Contour lines (lines of equal value
including elevation, precipitation, etc.)
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Farm of the Future
Example Line Theme
23rd 21st
Quebec
26th
Sta
te H
ighw
ay 4
1
Tw
enty 1 /2
22n
d
23r
d
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Farm of the Future
Polygon
• An enclosed area• A polygon has area (acres)• Counties (political boundaries)• Field maps• Soil regions• Management zones
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Farm of the Future
Example Polygon Theme
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Farm of the Future
Grid
• a series of points on a uniform grid• Can be created from non-uniform
sample points• Used to create a “surface” or contour
lines• Data is limited to a single value• Prescription maps
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Farm of the Future
Example Grid
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Farm of the Future
Images
• Ex. Aerial photos, scanned maps, satellite imagery
• They are fitted to geographical space• Cannot be attached to data• Usually used as a back drop to vector
data.
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Farm of the Future
Example Image
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Farm of the Future
Coordinates, Projections, Datum, etc…
• Coordinates the x & y of a mapo Common units are meters and feet
• Projectiono How we make a flat map from a round earth
• Datumo Where we start our measurement
• Spheroido The mathematical model of the earth
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Farm of the Future
Mapping Basics
• Projectionso Correct distance vs. correct areao less important for small areas, but critical for
GIS
• Map units (data)o decimal degreeso Meters, feet
• Scale or Distance Units (map)o feet, miles, km
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Farm of the Future
Common CA Projections
Albers (CA)Decimal DegreesState Plane NAD 27 Zone 4State Plane NAD 83 Zone 4Utm10Utm11
0
0
1000000
1000000
2000000
2000000
3000000
3000000
4000000
4000000
5000000
5000000
6000000
6000000
7000000
7000000
8000000
8000000
-1000000 -1000000
0 0
1000000 1000000
2000000 2000000
3000000 3000000
4000000 4000000
5000000 5000000
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Farm of the Future
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
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Farm of the Future
Mapping Precision
• Small scale maps generally lack precision to be useful for plotting PA data.
• More precise maps are made using surveying, aerial photos or Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
• Lack of precision can have substantial effects on spatial analysis (like area calculations)
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Farm of the Future
What is ArcView?
• A desktop GIS• Allows the user to create, edit , view and
analyze spatial data.• Extension and 3rd party products
o SST o Spatial Analysto Image Analyst
• (Arc 8)
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Farm of the Future
Basic Functions
• Views• Layouts • Tables (data)
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Farm of the Future
Views
• Can be used to edit vector data.• Themes can be created from coordinate
data (event themes)• Classification • Themes are attached to one or more
tables• Complex queries and “spatial” joins are
possible
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Farm of the Future
Layout
• The map creation tool.• Add text, views, scale, etc.• Can be “live” linked to a view.• Can be used to combine several views.
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Farm of the Future
Tables
• Contain the “data” component• Use standard dbase (dbf) files.• Tables can be accessed by Access or
Excel• Allows common database operations
like joins or links• Delimited text can be imported.
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Farm of the Future
Resources
• www.precisionag.org(Links and Resources)see www.precisionag.org/CATA/
• http://CAST.csufresno.edu/agedweb/ (HS lesson plans & sample data)
• www.esri.com(free software & data – See Education)