fax machines
DESCRIPTION
The history and evolution of the fax machine is traced, followed by an easy-to-understand description of how fax machines work, and a question about the future of this technology.TRANSCRIPT
The Fax Machine
History and Technology…
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Outline
History and Development How Modern Fax Machines Work Future Technologies
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Precursors to the Fax Machine Telegraph
300BC: Water Telegraph - Ancient Greece/Roman Empire
1700’s - 1880: Chappe’s Semaphore - Europe 1800’s: Electrical Telegraph
- Europe/America 1837: Morse Telegraph
- America
All required human processing/translation
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First Fax Machines: Alexander Bain (Scotland) - 1843
Pendulum
Battery
Magnet
Copper Plate
Electrolytic Paper
Stylus
Telegraph Wire
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First Fax Machines: Frederick Bakewell (England)- 1847/1852
Telegraph Wire
ClockworkCylinder
Needlee
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First Fax Machines: Giovanni Caselli (Italy) - 1861
Battery
Pendulum
Metal PlateAnd Stylus
Clocks
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First Fax Machines: Arthur Korn (Germany) - 1902
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Developments: 1920-1980s First telephone-based fax machine (AT&T)
1924 - Telephotography First radiowave fax machine (RCA)
1926 - Radiophoto Newspaper/photo Services
1930/1940s - Home based service World War I & II Trans-Atlantic Radio Transmission
1955 - Modern fax machines Transmission of weather data
1960 - Commercialism Computer fax board
1985 - Gammafax
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Developments: Standards G1 - 1968
Slow (6mins), unreliable, text and graphic material by telephone (now obsolete)
G2 - 1976 Faster (3mins), better quality (almost obsolete)
G3 - 1980 to present day Digital transmission techniques Fast (1min), improved resolution Household technology
G4 - Present day Completely digital (instant)
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How Modern Fax Machines Work
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How Modern Fax Machines Work
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Fax Machines: Statistics
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Related Technologies
Modem Photocopier Scanner Computer printer
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Fax Machines in the Future Email Smart Phones
When will the fax machine finally become extinct?
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References Bellis, Mary. “The History of Fax Machines & Alexander Bain.” About.com: Inventors. 2009. About.com. 8 Feb. 2009 <http://inventors.about.com/od/bstartinventors/a/fax_machine.htm>.
Bellows, Alan. “The Fax Machines of the 1800’s.” Damn Interesting. 25 Sept. 2005. DamnInteresting.com. 8 Feb. 2009 <http://www.damninteresting.com/?p=40>.
Brain, Marshall. “How Fax Machines Work.” How Stuff Works. 2 Oct. 2001. HowStuffWorks.com. 8 Feb. 2009<http://communication.howstuffworks.com/fax-machine.htm>.
Costigan, Daniel M. Electronic Delivery of Documents and Graphics. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1978.
“Fax.” Encyclopdia Britannica. 2009. Encyclopdia Britannica Online. 25 Feb. 2009 <http://search.eb.com.login.ezproxy.library.ualberta.ca/eb/article-2206>.
“Fax.” Wikipedia. 4 Feb. 2009. Wikipedia Community. 8 Feb. 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fax>.
“Fax Engineering.” Technikum29. 2003-2008. Museum of Computer and Communication Technology. 8 Feb 2009 <http://www.technikum29.de/en/communication/fax.shtm>.
“Fax Machines (most recent) By Country.” Media Statistics. NationMaster.com. 8 Feb. 2009 <http://www.nationmaster.com/red/graph/med_fax_mac-media-fax-machines&b_map=1>.
“Frederick Bakewell.” Famous Scientists. 24 March 2007. Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University. 8 Feb 2009 <http://people.clarkson.edu/~ekatz/scientists/bakewell.html>.
“Giovanni Caselli.” Famous Scientists. 17 May 2003. Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University. 8 Feb 2009 <http://people.clarkson.edu/%7Eekatz/scientists/caselli.html>.
Hanes, David, and Gonzalo Salgueiro. Fax, Modem, and Text for IP Telephony. Indianapolis, IN: Cisco Press, 2008.
“Possession of Fax Machine.” GMID - Global Market Information Database. 2009. Euromonitor International. 8 Feb. 2009.
McConnell, Kenneth R., Dennis Bodson, and Stephen Urban. FAX : Facsimile Technology and Systems. 3rd ed. Boston: Artech House, 1999.
Rensen, Marius. Fax History. 04 May 2008. HF-Fax. 8 Feb. 2009 <http://www.hffax.de/history/index.html>.