february 2008 volume 4€¦ · just before christmas, agriculture minister bob bjornerud announced...

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VOLUME 4

ShOrt-tErM LOan prOgraMS fOr LiVEStOck prOdUcErS pagE 2

crOp pLanning infOrMatiOn aVaiLabLE pagE 4

fEbrUary 2008

SUccESSiOn pLanning fOr farM faMiLiES pagE 8

norman and Laura Shoemaker, Canada’s 2007 Outstanding Young Farmers, with children Neil and Megan at their Mossbank farm.

Feb #1 Patrick 2008Agriview.indd1 1 1/16/2008 2:11:40 PM

Minister’s Message

Just before Christmas, Agriculture Minister Bob Bjornerud announced two new loan programs to provide financial assistance

to Saskatchewan hog and cattle producers.

The Saskatchewan Short-Term Hog Loan Program and the Saskatchewan Short-Term Cattle Loan Program will provide an estimated $90 million in funding to those who are struggling during this current price downturn.

“I have heard first-hand the difficulties that are facing our cattle and hog producers,” Bjornerud said in a news release. “I am pleased to announce this assistance program to help address the current economic situation these producers face. While we know this is by no means the end of their challenges, producers can be assured their

government will do everything it can to help them in a manner that minimizes trade risk.”

At the same time, Saskatchewan also announced that it has signed on to the national AgriInvest and AgriStability programs, which will provide further assistance to livestock producers.

Application forms for both loan programs are now available. Hog producers will be receiving application forms in the mail. Cattle producers can find the application form on the Ministry of Agriculture website, www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca.

nEw ShOrt-tErM LOanS intrOdUcEd fOr SaSkatchEwan farMErS

Welcome to the February 2008 edition of Agriview.

Spring is just around the corner. The articles in this month’s edition are intended to help producers plan for the upcoming growing season.

While things are looking very good for crop producers, livestock producers are facing uncertainty, due to the high price of feedgrain and the unprecedented parity of the Canadian and American dollars.

One of my first actions as Minister of Agriculture was to announce some much-needed assistance for livestock producers. The Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture signed an agreement with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada to give our producers access to the interest-free Advance Payments Program (APP) of the Livestock Loan Guarantee Program. Producers who have feeder cattle

loans through a feeder association can apply for an APP interest rebate. Producers who have breeder loans through a breeder association can apply for a one-year extension on their principal payment.

In direct response to requests from our producer organizations, our government followed up with two new programs, the Saskatchewan Short-Term Hog and Cattle Loan programs, which will provide an estimated $90 million in funding to those who are struggling during this current price downturn.

Producers interested in the feeder or breeder loan guarantee assistance should contact their feeder or breeder associations. Those wanting more information on the short-term loan programs should call 1-877-874-5365.

We have also signed on to the national AgriInvest and AgriStability programs, providing additional assistance to livestock producers. As well, the federal and provincial governments are jointly implementing the Targeted Advance Payment (TAP) program for Saskatchewan hog producers, who will be eligible to receive payments under the 2007 AgriStability program to help ease economic conditions currently affecting the industry.

These initiatives will not solve all of the problems facing the Saskatchewan hog and cattle industries, but they will help.

Producers of both crops and livestock can be assured that the Government of Saskatchewan is solidly in their corner.

I’ll just conclude on a more personal note, by congratulating Norman and Laura Shoemaker of Mossbank, who won the title of Canada’s 2007 Outstanding Young Farmer.

In addition to creating a profitable business from very limited capital, they are also excellent stewards of the land, having completed and implemented an Environmental Farm Plan that is both reducing their energy consumption and conserving their soil. The Shoemakers are living proof that successful farmers can still have an environmental conscience.

Whether you’re interested in livestock programs, crop planning or Environmental Farm Plans, I’m sure you will find useful information in the following pages. As well, Saskatchewan Agriculture staff at the Agriculture Knowledge Centre and at offices throughout the province are ready and eager to answer your questions and help you plan for the year ahead.

Bob Bjornerud,

Minister of Agriculture

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact the Ministry of Agriculture website, www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca, and click on “Livestock Industry Assistance Programs;” orCall our toll-free hot-line at 1-877-874-5365.

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StOry SnapShOtS

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AGRIVIEW is published by the Communications Branch of Saskatchewan Agriculture for Saskatchewan farmers and farm and food organizations. for more information, call 306-787-5160 or e-mail [email protected]. to view this publication online, visit www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca/programs - services.

New crops being developed for Saskatchewan

Succession planning Training opportunities for meat cutters

Cover: Norman and Laura Shoemaker of Mossbank won the title of Canada’s 2007 Outstanding Young Farmer.

tabLE Of cOntEntS

8management

events calendar16

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12

Irrigation reports available

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VOLUME 4

ShOrt-tErM LOan prOgraMS fOr LiVEStOck prOdUcErS pagE 2

crOp pLanning infOrMatiOn aVaiLabLE pagE 4

fEbrUary 2008

SUccESSiOn pLanning fOr farM faMiLiESpagE 8

norman and Laura Shoemaker, Canada’s 2007 Outstanding Young Farmers, with children Neil and Megan at their Mossbank farm.


agriculture knowledge centre4

irrigation11

crop development13

15research

Correction: The previous issue was incorrectly labeled. The correct labeling should have been Issue 9, Volume 3.

FEBRUARY 2008 �

agriBusiness development12


agricULtUrE knOwLEdgE cEntrE

VariEtiES Of grain crOpS 2008

by Blaine RecksiedlerProvincial Cereal Crops SpecialistCrop Development Branch

Once again, Saskatchewan producers will have the opportunity to

evaluate the newest grain crop varieties for production on their farms. The variety testing information is available in the Varieties of Grain Crops publication. The document is presented in both a stand-alone form, and will also be included in the Saskatchewan Seed Guide, which was distributed in the Western Producer in early January.

Producers indicated they appreciate the third-party information as presented, since it is produced through independent testing programs. Information includes data on yield, agronomic traits and marketing factors. Comparisons are made to a commonly grown check variety. Due to the fact that not all varieties are testing “head to head” over the same years, producers are reminded to compare individual varieties with only the check variety.

The Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture provided $100,000 towards variety testing, in addition to numerous industry contributions. The data for the publication is obtained from a variety of testing programs, providing comparative information for all commonly grown grain crops in Saskatchewan.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Blaine Recksiedler, Provincial Cereal Crops Specialist, Saskatchewan Agriculture at (306) 787-4664; orContact the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377.

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The 2008 Guide to Crop Protection is now available

at your local farm chemical retail outlet. Pick yours up today! There are several new products for weed, disease and insect control as well as new registrations for older

products. An electronic version is also available on the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca.

nEw infOrMatiOn On crOp prOtEctiOn prOdUctS

by Mike Scott Farm Management Agrologist Crop Development Branch

The Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture’s 2008 Crop Planning Guides are now available.

There are guides for each of the three soil zones plus a guide specifically for specialty crops. They are intended to help producers in their annual evaluation of crop costs and returns. Two worksheets – one for the soil zone guides and one for the specialty crops – are also available. Producers can use these worksheets to put down their costs and obtain their own individual return over expenses.

Budgets, which reflect recommended production practices rather than averages, are offered for crops sown on fallow, conventional stubble and direct-seeded into stubble in each of the soil zones. The specialty crops guide provides budgets for special grains, pulses, oilseeds and spice crops. These estimates do not represent provincial average cost of production figures, but rather are meant to be used as a guide. Costs and yields differ between

farms, so farm managers

must

determine their own costs, yields and expected commodity prices to get the most accurate scenario for their farm. Producers should also consider the moisture conditions on their own farm when projecting potential yields. Soil moisture maps are available from the ministry website.

Most commodity prices have shown a sizeable increase over last year’s prices. However, fertilizer and fuel prices have increased dramatically as well. Machinery investment costs, land values and average farm sizes have also been updated using new information from the 2006 Ag Canada Farm Census.

The Agriculture Knowledge Centre (AKC) is the place to call for the latest information on topics including crops and livestock, nutrient management, and the economic implications of management decisions. Use the toll-free line to contact resource agents and specialists, who draw on expertise from around the province.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnCall the Agriculture Knowledge Centre toll-free at 1-866-457-2377.

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2008 Crop Planning Guides released

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crop planning guide 2008 - Specialty cropSpulSeS, oilSeedS, SpiceS and other cropS

Saskatchewan

Ministry of

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CROp plaNNiNg guide 2008 - BROWN SOil ZONe

Each year, the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture assembles Crop Planning Guides to help producers estimate their costs of producing various crops. These estimates do not represent provincial average cost of production figures, but are meant to be used as a guide. Farm managers should use their own costs because costs and yields on each farm differ due to the type and amount of equipment, the amount of chemical and fertilizer used, and the various agronomic practices used. Blank worksheets are provided for this purpose.

Using the guide

The figures contained in these guides provide an estimate of variable expenses and other expenses (depreciation and investment cost for machinery, buildings and land) for an average sized farm in each of the soil zones. For 2008, the size of farm used for the brown soil zone was 2,125 acres (2006 Census of Agriculture).

Crop prices are farm gate price estimates for 2008 based on the information that was available in December 2007. Producers are asked to use their own judgment and adjust the estimates to what they think may occur. Also, it is important to continually adjust these estimates as seeding time approaches.

Yields are area averages from Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC). It is recommended that producers use their own yield expectations.

When comparing returns per acre of a continuous-stubble crop to a fallow-seeded crop, add the summer fallow costs to the fallow-seeded crop expenses. The best way to compare summer fallow and stubble crops is to calculate the average returns per rotation acre for different rotations of crops. Refer to the example in this guide.

In crop to crop comparisons, producers often focus only on the return over all expenses (profit). However, it is very useful to look at break-even prices and break-even yields. The break-even yields show the level of yields producers would need to achieve to cover costs based on the estimated market price. The break-even prices for crops show the prices needed by producers to cover costs if the estimated average yields are obtained. Farm managers are advised to interpret these figures very carefully and evaluate new information as it becomes available.

Short-term vs. Long-term planning

In the short term, producers must generate more revenue than their variable expenses (estimated gross revenue minus variable expenses). Meeting these costs ensures a producer can pay their cash

costs each year. However, over the long term, producers must generate more revenue than total expenses. Meeting all costs ensures producers can meet all financial and equipment costs over the long term.

Changes to the Guide for 2008

From the revenue perspective, just about all crop revenue forecasts are higher than last year. From the cost side, fertilizer and fuel prices are up significantly, while financing costs have seen a modest increase. We have also increased our machinery investment values and average farm sizes for the different soil zones. This new data was obtained from the 2006 Census of Agriculture. The average land values for the different soil zones have been increased as well to reflect the upward trend in land sales.

2008 Agronomic Considerations

Fall 2007 stubble subsoil moisture is generally rated poor to very poor within the brown soil zone. Maps are available from the ministry website. Fertilizer effectiveness is usually greater when moisture conditions are favourable. However, producers should check their own subsoil moisture before projecting yields.

The guides continue to show reduced phosphorous rates to fall in line with recommended maximum safe rates for seed placed phosphate. Producers may choose to use higher rates on an individual basis, but caution is advised. Soil tests are recommended and will suggest the fertility requirements for 2008.

The ministry also produces maps that forecast potential insect infestation levels. These maps aid in adjusting expected crop yields due to insect infestations.

Caution should be exercised when using herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. It is recommended that producers alter the type and group of chemical used, in order to minimize the chance for resistance to develop.

Agriculture Knowledge Centre, Phone, toll-free, 1-866-457-2377

The Agriculture Knowledge Centre (AKC) is the place to call for the latest information on topics including crops and livestock, nutrient management, and the economic implications of management decisions. Use the toll-free line to contact resource agents and specialists, who draw on expertise from around the province.

Saskatchewan

Ministry of

Agriculture

BLAC

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2008

Crop pLAnning guide 2008 - BLACK SoiL Zone

Each year, the Saskatchewan Ministry of

Agriculture assembles Crop Planning Guides to help

producers estimate their costs of producing various

crops. These estimates do not represent provincial

average cost of production figures, but are meant

to be used as a guide. Farm managers should

use their own costs because costs and yields on

each farm differ due to the type and amount of

equipment, the amount of chemical and fertilizer

used, and the various agronomic practices used.

Blank worksheets are provided for this purpose.

Using the guide

The figures contained in these guides provide an

estimate of variable expenses and other expenses

(depreciation and investment cost for machinery,

buildings and land) for an average sized farm in

each of the soil zones. For 2008, the size of farm

used for the black soil zone was 1,169 acres (2006

Census of Agriculture).

Crop prices are farm gate price estimates for

2008 based on the information that was available

in December 2007. Producers are asked to use

their own judgment and adjust the estimates to

what they think may occur. Also, it is important to

continually adjust these estimates as seeding time

approaches.

Yields are area averages from Saskatchewan Crop

Insurance Corporation (SCIC). It is recommended

that producers use their own yield expectations.

When comparing returns per acre of a continuous-

stubble crop to a fallow-seeded crop, add the

summer fallow costs to the fallow-seeded crop

expenses. The best way to compare summer

fallow and stubble crops is to calculate the

average returns per rotation acre for different

rotations of crops. Refer to the example in this

guide.

In crop to crop comparisons, producers often

focus only on the return over all expenses (profit).

However, it is very useful to look at break-even

prices and break-even yields. The break-even

yields show the level of yields producers would

need to achieve to cover costs based on the

estimated market price. The break-even prices

for crops show the prices needed by producers

to cover costs if the estimated average yields are

obtained. Farm managers are advised to interpret

these figures very carefully and evaluate new

information as it becomes available.


In the short term, producers must generate more

revenue than their variable expenses (estimated

gross revenue minus variable expenses). Meeting

these costs ensures a producer can pay their

cash costs each year. However, over the long

term, producers must generate more revenue

than total expenses. Meeting all costs ensures

producers can meet all financial and equipment

costs over the long term.

Changes to the Guide for 2008

From the revenue perspective, just about all

crop revenue forecasts are higher than last year.

From the cost side, fertilizer and fuel prices are

up significantly, while financing costs have seen

a modest increase. We have also increased

our machinery investment values and average

farm sizes for the different soil zones. This

new data was obtained from the 2006 Census

of Agriculture. The average land values for the

different soil zones have been increased as well

to reflect the upward trend in land sales.


Fall 2007 stubble subsoil moisture is variable

in the black soil zone. Maps are available from

the ministry website. Fertilizer effectiveness is

usually greater when moisture conditions are

favourable. However, producers should check

their own subsoil moisture before projecting

yields.

The guides continue to show reduced

phosphorous rates to fall in line with

recommended maximum safe rates for seed

placed phosphate. Producers may choose to use

higher rates on an individual basis, but caution

is advised. Soil tests are recommended and will

suggest the fertility requirements for 2008.

The ministry also produces maps that forecast

potential insect infestation levels. These maps aid

in adjusting expected crop yields due to insect

infestations.

Caution should be exercised when using

herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. It is

recommended that producers alter the type and

group of chemical used, in order to minimize the

chance for resistance to develop.

Agriculture Knowledge Centre,

Phone, toll-fr

ee, 1-866-457-2377

The Agriculture Knowledge Centre (AKC) is

the place to call for the latest information on

topics including crops and livestock, nutrient

management, and the economic implications of

management decisions. Use the toll-free line to

contact resource agents and specialists, who

draw on expertise from around the province.

S

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CrOp plaNNiNg guiDe 2008 - Dark BrOWN SOil ZONe

Each year, the Saskatchewan Ministry of

Agriculture assembles Crop Planning Guides to

help producers estimate their costs of producing

various crops. These estimates do not represent

provincial average cost of production figures, but

are meant to be used as a guide. Farm managers

should use their own costs because costs and

yields on each farm differ due to the type and

amount of equipment, the amount of chemical

and fertilizer used; and the various agronomic

practices used. Blank worksheets are provided

for this purpose.Using the guideThe figures contained in these guides provide

an estimate of variable expenses and other

expenses (depreciation and investment cost for

machinery, buildings and land) for an average

sized farm in each of the soil zones. For 2008,

the size of farm used for the dark brown soil zone

was 1,360 acres (2006 Census of Agriculture).





what they think may occur. Also, it is important

to continually adjust these estimates as seeding

time approaches.Yields are area averages from Saskatchewan

Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC). It is

recommended that producers use their own yield

expectations.When comparing returns per acre of a

continuous-stubble crop to a fallow-seeded crop,

add the summer fallow costs to the fallow-

seeded crop expenses. The best way to compare

summer fallow and stubble crops is to calculate

the average returns per rotation acre for different


guide.In crop to crop comparisons, producers often











information as it becomes available.


In the short term, producers must generate more








costs over the long term.Changes to the Guide for 2008











to reflect the upward trend in land sales.


Fall 2007 stubble subsoil moisture is fair in the

dark brown soil zone. Maps are available from





yields.The guides continue to show reduced






suggest the fertility requirements for 2008.

The ministry also produces maps that forecast



infestations.Caution should be exercised when using




chance for resistance to develop.

Agriculture Knowledge Centre,

Phone, toll-free, 1-866-457-2377

The Agriculture Knowledge Centre (AKC) is







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fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377.

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2008 Specialty Crop Planning Guide

2008 GU

IDE TO

CR

OP PR

OTEC

TION

This publication is only a guide. Always refer to the product label for application details and precautions.

s a s k a t c h e w a n

CropProtection

2008 guide to

weeds, plant diseases, insects

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saskatchewan agriculture

3085 Albert Street Regina, Saskatchewan CANADA S4S 0B1www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca Printed January 2008 40M ISBN 088656-59953 0164

HERBICIDE ROTATION - 2008

Resistance to a pesticide group will reduce the effectiveness of pesticides in that group over time. Rotation of herbicides and

other pesticides is an important measure to delay the onset of resistance to any one pesticide group or mode-of-action.

By rotating herbicides, the risk of developing widespread resistance over a field drops. The illustration below gives a relative

ranking of risk of resistance developing from repeated use. The top of the triangle indicates groups that may develop resist-

ance quickly. Those at the bottom of the triangle have demonstrated a low risk of resistance developing over long-term use. Be

aware that low risk does not mean no risk, since weeds have developed resistance to herbicides in these groups as well.

Herbicide Resistance Development Risk Based on Number of Applications

* Some products contain more than one active ingredient and therefore may appear in more than one group.

Rotation of Herbicides

OTHER GROUPS Liberty (10), Amitrole (11), CleanStart (14)*, Reflex

(14), Dual II Magnum (15), Frontier (15), Kerb (15),

Primextra Magnum* (15), Casoron (20),

Gramoxone (22), Reglone (22), Infinity (27)

GROUP 1 (Grass Control)Achieve, Assure II, Equinox, Axial,

Bounty*, Brigade*, Clethodim, Fusion,

Horizon, Poast Ultra, Puma Super, Venture

GROUP 2 (Grass & Broadleaf control)

Accent, Brigade*, Adrenalin*, Ally,

Altitude FX*, Assert, Everest, Express,

Express Pack*, Frontline*, Muster,

Odyssey, Odyssey DLX*, Option, Pinnacle, Prism, PrePass*, Pursuit,

Refine SG, Solo, Spectrum*, Triton C

and K, Unity*

GROUP 9 (Grass & Broadleaf control)CleanStart*, Eclipse*, Glyphosate, PrePass*, Rustler*


Avadex, Avenge, Eptam, Eradicane,

Fortress*

120

GROUP 7 (Grass & Broadleaf control)LinuronGROUP 6 (Broadleaf Control)Basagran, bromoxynil,

bromoxynil +2.4-D ester*, bromoxynil+MCPA ester*, Infinity*, Laddok*, Unity*

GROUP 5 (Grass & Broadleaf control)Atrazine, Laddok*, Primextra Magnum*, Sencor, Shotgun*, Simazine, Velpar


Edge, Fortress*, TrifluralinGROUP 4 (Broadleaf Control)2,4-D, 2,4-DB, Adrenalin*, Altitude FX*,

Attain, Bounty*, bromoxynil + 2.4-D ester*,

bromoxynil+MCPA ester*, Curtail M, dicamba,

dicamba+mecoprop+MCPA, dichlorprop+2,4D,

Dyvel, Dyvel DSp, Eclipse*, Express Pack*,

FlaxMax*, Frontline*, Lontrel, MCPA,

MCPB+MCPA, mecoprop, Prestige, Rustler*,

Shotgun*, Spectrum*, Triton C and K, Trophy, and

mixes containing these active ingredients

2008 Guide to crop protection

� FEBRUARY 2008

Feb #1 Patrick 2008Agriview.indd4 4 1/17/2008 8:53:22 AM


by Andre Bonneau, BSA, PAgForage Conversion Specialist Agriculture Knowledge Centre

Not all seeds are equal

Forage seed purchased in Saskatchewan has been harvested from Saskatchewan and across the world. While every precaution is taken by seed producers to produce a clean, weed-free product, sometimes weed pressure does win out, and weed seeds get mixed into forage seed. Additionally, poor growing conditions or storage problems can take a toll on germination and seed vigour. This is where the differences in seed quality and cleanliness occur.

Grading system

The forage seed grading system is based on the Canada Seeds Act and the provincial Noxious Weeds Act. Both Acts stipulate the guidelines of the grading system, which is based on germination and weed seed content. For example, Canada Certified #1 Alfalfa must not contain any primary noxious weeds, no more than five secondary noxious weeds, and have a minimum of 80 per cent germination, among other criteria. A complete criterion is available at www.inspection.gc.ca by clicking on Plants Seeds and Inspection Procedures. As well, the Seeds Act is available on the Department of Justice website at http://laws.justice.gc.ca.

Seed certificate

Once seed samples are tested and analyzed, the information is recorded on a Seed Certificate. Any claim made to seed quality must be authenticated with a seed certificate, and the seller must produce the certificate if asked. On the Seed Certificate, information on the seed

source, lot number, species (and variety if applicable), the grade, sample size, list of weed seeds and other seeds found, germination and purity and place and date of analysis must be presented. If the certificate is not signed and stamped by a licensed official, the certificate is not valid.

Seed tag

The seed tag refers back to the seed certificate by providing the crop certificate number and the lot number. The species, variety (if applicable), and the grade are listed. Keep this tag for your records in case there is a problem with the seed lot.

Conclusion

Purchasing quality seed will ensure you get your money’s worth. There are many good deals available for forage seed, and not all low-priced seed is low quality. Understand what you are purchasing and decide for yourself if the higher risk is worth the cost saving.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnVisit www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca and click on Production Crops-Seeding Forage Establishment - Purchasing Quality Seed; or Contact the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377.

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SELEcting qUaLity fOragE SEEd

by Andre Bonneau, BSA, PAg Forage Conversion Specialist Agriculture Knowledge Centre

Almost any green plant material can be considered forage, but in this instance, forages refer to perennial

crops such as alfalfa and grasses. Perennial forages have the advantage of being seeded only once, and provide forage annually.

Weeds, particularly annual weeds, take advantage of annual crop cycles because they share similar growth patterns. Insects and disease take advantage of annual crop monocultures because the field provides a stable environment for the pest population to develop. Perennial crops start growth early and are harvested at different times of the season, therefore challenging many weeds’ life cycles. These disruptions tend to challenge pest establishment and can delay pest problems for several years. Forage crops are often grown in a mixture of two or more species, further slowing pest infestations.

Perennial root production from perennial crops adds organic material to the soil. If they are perennial legume crops, they will also add nitrogen to the soil. The deep roots of many perennial crops can access nutrients that are inaccessible to annual crops. Organic matter formed from the decomposed plant material and nutrients will increase the water-holding capacity of soils, improve soil tilth and structure, and improve water infiltration. Perennial legumes such as alfalfa and cicer milk-vetch add nitrogen to the soil through their association with rhizobium bacteria and their nitrogen-fixing abilities.

Using forages in a crop rotation provides benefits to weed, disease, and insect control, and soil quality. By working outside of the natural cycles of annual crop production, many weeds, diseases, and insects have difficulty establishing and becoming a serious issue. There are also organic matter and nutrient benefits to perennial forage production. With careful planning and common sense, forages can fit very nicely in a crop rotation.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377.•

Forages in a crop rotation

FEBRUARY 2008 �



by Patrick Mooleki, PhD, PAg Crop Development Specialist, Agriculture Knowledge Centre

Crop development is an ongoing process. Every now and then, some new plants with potential for the province crop up. Those who had

the opportunity to attend field days in the last few years may have seen new crops in research or demonstration plots. Others may have heard about them on the radio or other sources. In this article, a few of these new crops are highlighted.

Prairie Carnation

Prairie carnation (Saponaria vaccaria) is a specialty crop being developed from common cow cockle. For a couple of decades now, a Saskatoon based company, in conjunction with researchers at Scott’s Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) research farm and at Plant Biotechnology Institute (PBI), have been working on developing varieties suitable for production. The interest in this crop has been its unique starch structure consisting of very small granules which are of particular interest to the cosmetic and nutraceutical industries, and the saponins extracted from the seed hull which are used in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and special foods industry.

Calendula

This plant is commonly known as orange marigold (Calendula officinalis). The interest in this crop has been aroused by government directives in Europe to eliminate the use of turpentine in paints. The oil from the seed of calendula is being investigated as a replacement for turpentine. Due to limited land in Europe, some companies are seeking alternative production areas, for which Saskatchewan has been found to be suitable. Using varieties developed in Europe, as well as crop husbandry practices from there, tests in Saskatchewan show strong potential for this crop.

Carinata

Brassica carinata, commonly referred to as Ethiopian mustard, is well adapted to areas in Ethiopia with a cool, long growing season. However, preliminary agronomic evaluation in Saskatchewan suggested that B. carinata has good potential to become a new oilseed crop for western Canada. It has a relatively large seed size and contains from 26 to 40 per cent oil, about 40 per cent of which is erucic acid, which makes it unsuitable for human consumption. However, the oil can be used for industrial purposes and in biodiesel production. Research is underway to develop early maturing canola-like carinata with zero erucic acid content. Its heat and drought tolerance would allow its production in the hotter, drier areas of the province. Another advantage is its good resistance to blackleg and white rust.

Producers should note that production of calendula and prairie carnation is still on a contract basis, as the market is very limited. However, producers should be aware that, currently, cultural practices in Saskatchewan are tentative and still under investigation while varieties are still being developed.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Patrick Mooleki, Crop Development Specialist at (306) 694-3575; orVisit the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca and click on Production.

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New crops being developed for Saskatchewan

by Bob Klemmer Beef-Forage Specialist Livestock Development Branch

More than 80 per cent of the fetus and uterine contents is grown in the last three months of pregnancy. This period is crucial in the development of the fetus, and in ensuring the

vitality, growth and future performance of the calf that will be born. This period, along with the post-calving period, is also important in the preparation of the cow for re-breeding. If you take care of the cow’s nutrition during this period, she will be able to do her job of raising a strong and healthy calf. The first order of the day, however, is getting a healthy and vibrant calf from each pregnant cow you winter.

The condition score of your cows at this crucial period is important; however, intake and balance of energy, protein, minerals and vitamins during this period is just as important to the viability, survivability and general health of the cow, fetus and calf.

The often-quoted goals in the beef industry of weaning 50 per cent of the weight of the cow by 200 days of age, and weaning a calf per cow per year (365 days) are achievable. Research studies, repeated by

numerous animal scientists, support the importance of nutrition during this period. Late-pregnancy nutrition can affect calf survivability by as much as 9.5 per cent at birth, and by as much as 28.5 per cent by weaning. Nutrition during this period can also affect calf weaning weight by as much as 8.7 per cent. Studies have shown that nutrition during late pregnancy can affect the pregnancy rate by 12 to 22 per cent, and post-calving nutrition can affect pregnancy rates by 16 to 23 per cent.

Although it is not difficult to supply the right level of nutrients during this period, it is important to note that rumen capacity can be affected by the size of the fetus and uterine contents, so feeding good quality forage during this crucial period is very important. Taking care of the energy, protein and supplemental minerals and vitamins will allow the cow to do her job of weaning a calf every year.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Bob Klemmer, Beef-Forage Specialist, Livestock Development Branch; orCall the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377; orVisit the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca.

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••

prEparing bEEf cOwS fOr caLVing and rE-brEEding

� FEBRUARY 2008



by Murray Feist Ruminant Nutrition Specialist Agri-Business Development Branch

Lactation is the most nutrient-demanding and stressful period in cow/calf production, and it is important to

be prepared.

Prior to calving, a pre-calving checklist should be completed, including an evaluation of body condition score, forage and feed grain/supplement supplies and quality. Once the feeding program has been established, it can be developed to incorporate less straw, more hay and usually some grain/energy concentrate. It should be noted that, during this period, the fetus is growing rapidly, increasing the cow’s nutrient demand and, therefore, increasing its dry matter intake. One common feed management technique to accommodate this growth is to include grain in the ration six weeks before calving to provide more energy for fetal growth and to prepare the cow’s rumen for grain feeding during lactation.

Once parturition occurs, the onset of lactation happens very rapidly. A lactating cow will increase its dry feed consumption by 14 to 20 per cent to meet the increased energy, protein and mineral demand. Higher quality feeds are necessary at this time, as energy requirements can increase from 52 to 64 per cent TDN, and protein requirements can

increase from eight to 12 per cent. Diets for lactating cows also require 0.27 to 0.36 per cent calcium and 0.23 to 0.26 per cent phosphorus. Other minerals and vitamins will also have to be included to ensure a healthy cow and calf during this stressful period. As well, water supplies should be checked for quality, quantity and accessibility.

Lactating cows have increased demands for energy, protein and minerals compared to mid-gestation cows. In many cases, rations for lactating cows incorporate increased grain and good quality forages, while straw or chaff is decreased or eliminated from the diet. Proper preparation and ration balancing should allow for the cow to lactate at her potential as well as be able to regain enough body composition to ensure that proper rebreeding can occur.

Sample diets for late-gestating and lactating cattle can be found in the publication “Beef Cow Rations and Winter Feeding Guidelines” on the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca under Services for: Producers/Production/Livestock – Feeds/Nutrition.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Murray Feist, Ruminant Nutrition Specialist, Saskatchewan Agriculture, at 306-694-3492, orVisit the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca

•

•

by Penny Pearse Provincial Plant Disease Specialist Crop Development Branch

Saskatchewan Agriculture has been conducting a disease survey for fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals since 1998. The objectives of

the annual survey are to determine the prevalence of FHB, to monitor its spread within the province, and to determine the Fusarium species causing the disease.

A total of 215 crops were surveyed in 2007, including 109 wheat crops, 40 durum crops, 49 barley crops and 17 oat crops. The cereal head samples were collected by staff with Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation and Saskatchewan Agriculture. The cereal heads were analyzed for visual FHB symptoms at the provincial Crop Protection Laboratory and a disease severity was determined. Infected kernels were then cultured on a growth medium to identify the Fusarium species.

Although spring conditions in 2007 were moist and ideal for abundant crop growth and Fusarium spore development, very dry conditions occurred during cereal flowering and reduced the risk of FHB. Fusarium head blight was prevalent in 58 per cent of common wheat, 48 per cent of durum wheat, 90 per cent of barley and 59 per cent of oat crops surveyed. Fusarium head blight was most prevalent in irrigated regions, as well as the southeast, eastcentral, and central regions. The overall severity of infection (percentage of infected kernels) was low in 2007: 0.7 per cent for wheat, 0.3 per cent for durum, 1.0 per cent for barley, and 0.1 per cent for oat.

The low severity values are similar to previous years and indicate that, on a provincial basis, FHB has not been economically significant. However,

these values are provincial averages and disguise some fields that had high infection levels. For example, a few fields of soft white spring wheat produced under irrigation had severities (kernel infections) ranging from four to16 per cent. In addition, a few barley fields had severities greater than three per cent. Hence, some producers witnessed high levels of FHB in susceptible cereals when moisture was received during cereal flowering. In 2008, producers will need to remain vigilant in keeping FHB levels low by planting clean seed, not planting cereals back to back, and using varieties that have an improved resistance rating.

The most common causal species isolated from fusarium-infected kernels was Fusarium poae, accounting for 55 per cent of total isolations. Fusarium graminearum, which is the species of most concern as it produces mycotoxin, accounted for 14 per cent of total isolations.

The Saskatchewan disease surveys are reported in the Canadian Plant Disease Survey, available at: http://www.cps-scp.ca/cpds.htm.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Penny Pearse, Provincial Plant Disease Specialist, Crop Development Branch, Saskatchewan Agriculture, at (306) 787-4671.

•

fEEding thE Lactating bEEf cOw

Fusarium Head Blight of cereals continued to be low in 2007

FEBRUARY 2008 7


ManagEMEnt

by Cyril Laforge Renewal Specialist Agri-Business Development Branch

Farm succession planning – the process by which the ownership and management of the family business is transferred to the next

generation – is one of the most critical and inevitable issues in the life of any farm family. Many people postpone developing a plan for succession. It can be somewhat intimidating in its complexity and magnitude. However, broken down into manageable steps, a methodology can be developed for understanding the issues and preparing a succession plan “project” for execution.

One of the keys is to start early. Broaching the subject with family members, knowing the interests and aspirations of the succeeding generation, understanding what you need to know about the business and personal issues of succession and retirement – these things are the result of a life experience that usually takes years to accomplish.

The following is not a blueprint, but rather a general guideline that covers many of the steps common to a comprehensive farm succession plan. It may give you some ideas as you consider a plan suited to your own individual needs and family circumstances.

Part One: Taking Stock

Familiarize yourself with the subject of succession planning in general. What are the common objectives and major issues to be resolved with a succession planning strategy? Consider readily accessible sources of information: newspapers, magazines, Internet sites, etc. Focus on the issues specific to farm succession planning.

Talk to others about the subject, including friends, family and other farmers. Ask questions about issues you’re not sure about.

Put together a financial picture of your farm as a business operation. Compare cash flow with current obligations. Are the farm earnings enough to make it a viable business, today and for the foreseeable future, given family growth, cost of living, etc.?

Discuss family needs, wants and expectations, now and in the future. Understand individual aspirations in terms of future involvement in the farm business. Is there enough interest by the next generation to carry on? Is the business big enough to satisfy everyone’s dreams and ambitions?

Talk about transfer of ownership according to what’s fair and equitable (not necessarily equal). Be specific. Who will take over management decisions regarding running the farm business? And when? Will there be an interim period for handing over the major responsibilities? What role

in the farm business do you see for yourself, post-retirement? Consider the interests of family members who may be currently off the farm.

Have you acquired some basic knowledge and understanding of:

Methods of ownership transfer;Financing a transfer; andTax and legal issues of a business inheritance?

Part Two: Considering Your Choices

After you’ve asked what you feel are all the right questions, start looking at the possible answers. Consider this step putting together the options or choices you have in addressing all the business, family and personal issues to be dealt with as part of your succession/retirement plan.

If you - and your spouse - do not yet have a legal will, start drafting one now. Things to consider when putting a will together (or reviewing an existing will) include:

Naming an executor (or trustee);Funeral/burial wishes;Bequests from your estate to beneficiaries, including gifts to family members and other individuals;Donations to charities;Provisions for the guardianship of minor children;Creation of a testamentary trust for spouse and children; andInstructions regarding the ownership shares and management of a business.

What is - and what will be - the future structure of your farm business? Do some basic research on the management and tax attributes of:

Sole proprietorship;Partnership;Corporation; andJoint venture.

By now, you probably have a good idea of who the successor(s) of your farm business will be. Will that involve a transfer of all farm assets (land and buildings, equipment and machinery, productive assets like livestock, crops, seed, quota, etc.)? What about other inheritances, including family members who are, or will be, off the farm?

What provisions do you wish to make for non-family farm employees? If the intention is that the hand-over to the next generation takes place over a period of a few years (a common approach), then there may be a need to decide upon management roles and responsibilities during that period. How will the farm labour be divided? This is a good point to start looking at income-sharing agreements between members of the ownership team. If the farm is to be managed jointly, a dispute resolution mechanism can be drawn up to settle future conflicts.

•••

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••••

••••

Succession planning

8 FEBRUARY 2008

Photo credit: Linda Burns, Wynyard.


ManagEMEnt

Are there knowledge deficiencies in the succeeding generation that represent a potential threat to the future success of the operation? This interim period provides an opportunity for further education or management or skill development.

Start looking at the specifics of your own post-retirement years. Will you have enough money to live the way you want? What, if any, activities of the operation will you continue to keep in your hands? Do you intend to retain an ownership and/or management piece of the operation into your retirement?

Have you started to generate options to address contingencies such as death or divorce?

Part Three: Make Preliminary Decisions

If you have not completed your will, make sure this is done before proceeding beyond this step.

By this time, you’ve sorted out your ideas about the farm transfer, interim management (if applicable), other inheritance provisions and your own retirement plans. Put together a rough draft representing your options and preferences. Don’t worry if you are still weighing your options regarding some of these issues. The fine-tuning of your succession plan is still to come. If you feel you do not have a good handle on your available choices, don’t be hesitant to go back to step two.

Put together a list of professionals with whom you will, at some point, be required to work in implementing your succession plan. This usually includes an estate/financial planner, accountant, lawyer, insurance agent and/or bank representative. Your facilitator is probably someone who can advise you regarding the professional representatives required, as well as provide you with some likely candidates. These individuals should be people with whom you and your family feel comfortable discussing the succession planning issues.

Remember, this is your farm family’s succession plan. You need to be in control and to lead the process.

Part Four: Complete The Plan

Write down your draft ideas and the tentative plans you’ve formed so far, covering the areas touched on in the sections above. Have you considered the interests of all affected family members up to this point?

It will be necessary to sit down and discuss your plans with the appropriate member of your advisory team. An accountant can give valuable advice on the tax implications of certain decisions regarding your personal retirement planning and changes to the farm business structure. A lawyer will discuss your wishes regarding the provisions to beneficiaries before he or she creates your will. You will also review with your lawyer any assets, including real property, that will change ownership prior to or upon your retirement.

A lender will likely be involved to provide financing and to discuss options, interest rates, etc. in the transfer of assets involved in succession. A financial or estate planner can help with planning both personal and business savings, as well as with investment decisions now and into your retirement years.

An insurance specialist can attend to your insurance needs – life, disability and other – both for your business and personal needs.

Your planning facilitator might be someone capable of co-ordinating the efforts of the other advisors. The facilitator typically provides the “big picture,” and then elicits the answer from the respective subject matter expert. For example, if the subject was post-retirement income, the issue to be resolved might be “the merits of a RRIF compared to an insurance annuity product.” That’s a question to which your financial planner can readily respond – if the question is properly posed.

The facilitator can evaluate the strategies of the other professionals, and help clarify items if there is any confusion or major changes suggested or needed in the plan.

The culmination of this step is the process by which the family reviews the issues and options with the respective advisors and draws up the farm succession plan. The plan can take any form you wish; however, it should cover all the points, and it should be written down.

Your farm succession plan should include the following:

Your retirement plan. This is, simply put, a profile of your life after work. How do you want to live? What do you see yourself doing? What do you foresee as your financial requirements? A transition plan for the management of the farm. It may be that everything will not be left in one pair of hands only. Include a timetable for the evolution of roles and responsibilities, if appropriate.A plan for transfer of ownership. When does it happen? How does it happen?A contingency plan in case of death, divorce, disability, health problems, etc. These considerations will figure heavily in the creation of your will. Also think about a continuing power of attorney for property and personal care and/or a health care directive. Your legal and/or estate planning advisor can assist with this.A timetable for implementation. It doesn’t all happen at once. Your timetable should reflect the sequence of events and estimated deadlines for the accomplishment of the succession plan. Without the timetable, you won’t know if you’re failing or succeeding in hitting your objectives.

Make sure everyone in the family – all of whom are going to be affected by the succession – have participated in this final planning and review stage.

Part Five: Implement The Plan

Is there anything that still needs to be done? It may be you’ve reached this point, only to discover some unfinished work from a previous step. Deficiencies in project planning are often uncovered in the implementation phase. Be prepared to go back and fine-tune a previous task or recover a lost detail.

The total family involvement you’ve maintained throughout the planning steps should be a goal throughout the implementation process. Each family member should have a copy of the plan’s timetable. Keep everyone up to date with regular meetings to review the progress of the succession plan implementation.

Watch your timetable. Implementation seldom goes exactly as planned. Don’t be afraid to change your deadlines if you hit a bump in the road. Monitor your progress and respond to challenges and unforeseen impediments as they occur. Be flexible.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Cyril Laforge, Renewal Specialist, Agri-Business Development Branch, at 306-953-2774; Contact the Agriculture Knowledge Centre, at 1-866-457-2377; orVisit the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca.

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

Photo credit: LInda Markusson.

FEBRUARY 2008 �


ManagEMEnt

On December 21, 2007, Minister of Agriculture Bob Bjornerud announced that the province of Saskatchewan has signed an

agreement with the federal government to bring several Business Risk Management (BRM) programs into force, through the Growing Forward initiative. These programs are:

AgriInvest: a savings account for producers, supported by governments, which provides coverage for small income declines and allows for investments that help mitigate risks or improve market income.

AgriStability: provides support when a producer experiences larger farm income losses. The program covers declines of more than 15% in a producer’s average income from previous years. This program has replaced the Canadian Agricultural Income Stabilization (CAIS) program.

AgriInsurance: an existing program which includes insurance against production losses for specified perils (weather, pests, disease) and is being expanded to include more commodities.

Saskatchewan will be reviewing the crop insurance program throughout 2008 to ensure Saskatchewan producers have access to effective production risk management tools.

The Government of Saskatchewan is pleased to have moved forward with the new Business Risk Management Suite of programming. Timing of this announcement has been critical to the livestock industry in Saskatchewan, which, as a result of this announcement, can now access funding to deal with the current price downturns that are so heavily affecting the hog and cattle industries. In 2008, the province will continue to seek further co-operation between the provinces and federal government, and a better deal for agricultural producers across the country.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnVisit the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada website at www.agr.gc.ca, and click on Growing Forward.

•

Crop Insurance: 2007 year in review

prOVinciaL gOVErnMEnt SignS OntO bUSinESS riSk ManagEMEnt SUitE

ManagEMEnt

Photo credit: Anna Kroeker, Waldheim.

by Trilby HendersonCommunications and Information SpecialistSaskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation

With new tools and technology, Saskatchewan producers are creating innovative opportunities within the agriculture industry. However, with these opportunities come new

challenges in managing production risk. In 2007, Crop Insurance made several significant changes to its insurance program to address these challenges by establishing coverage on unique crops, introducing a new pricing option, and refining existing programs to better suit customer needs.

The corporation launched a Wild Rice Insurance Pilot Program to address the needs of Saskatchewan’s wild rice harvesters, who experienced their fourth consecutive year of poor production. The program was highly successful, with 128 contracts registered and more than 36,000 acres insured. A total of $102,000 was paid in indemnities.

Crop Insurance also introduced insurance for identity-preserved canola, a high-value commodity which is grown for its oil profile. In 2007, more than 380,000 acres were insured under this option that provided more specific coverage for this class of canola.

Crop Insurance developed a new Variable Price Option designed to give customers the opportunity to take advantage of rising grain prices. Under this option, the insured price is adjusted to reflect changes in the

market price, set in July, with the potential to increase or decrease by up to 50 per cent. Premium and coverage are adjusted accordingly. More than 1,300 customers selected the Variable Price Option, experiencing an average price increase of 21 per cent.

To address the concerns of increased damage by gophers, they were added as an insured cause of loss under both the establishment benefit and yield-loss components of Crop Insurance’s multi-peril program. Gophers once again caused extensive damage to crops in the southwest area of the province, and more than $1 million was paid out to customers through the Gopher Damage Pilot Program.

In total, Crop Insurance insured more than 80 per cent of the acres seeded in Saskatchewan, with approximately 27,000 customers insuring 27.2 million acres.

The corporation received nearly 15,000 post-harvest claims and had paid about $67 million in indemnities by the end of the year.

Customers can expect to receive their 2008 endorsement packages in the mail in early March. At that time, new program information will also be available at your local customer service office or online at www.saskcropinsurance.com.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnIf you would like to learn more about the crop insurance program, please contact us toll-free at 1-888-935-0000. Staff are available to answer any questions you may have.

•

10 FEBRUARY 2008 FEBRUARY 2008 11


irrigatiOn

hOt Off thE prESS

by Sarah Sommerfeld, AAg Provincial Irrigation Specialist Irrigation Development Branch

The Irrigation Development Branch of Saskatchewan Agriculture, and the Irrigation Crop Diversification Corporation (ICDC)

provide annual publications to irrigation producers to assist in identifying potential cropping options or new crop opportunities. These publications are written and prepared by Saskatchewan Agriculture Irrigation Agrologists.

The ICDC Demonstration Project Final Report, published in December 2007, provides a report on each specific demonstration project led by a Saskatchewan Agriculture Irrigation Agrologist and funded by ICDC. The demonstration projects profiled include a diverse collection of crops, ranging from forages, grain and pulse crops, to ultra-value crops of fruit, vegetables and strawberry crowns. Information in the publication is intended for on-farm practical application and producer use. The ICDC Demonstration Project Final Report also summarizes the technology transfer events hosted at demonstration sites during the year.

The ICDC Economics and Agronomics Budget Book, also compiled by Irrigation Agrologists with Saskatchewan Agriculture, will be available for producers in February. The budget book serves as a point of reference for irrigation farmers to compare and document their on-farm costs and productivity, in relation to current industry prices, costs and

yields. This publication provides agronomic recommendations with respect to irrigation, fertility and in crop management.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnFor more information or a copy of these publications, contact the Irrigation Development Branch at 306-867-5500.

•

Irrigation reports available

Saskatchewan Agriculture is constantly updating the wealth of information it

makes available to Saskatchewan residents. You can download the most current version of any document posted on our website. You can also call the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377 to request a hard copy of many items. Below is a list of the latest documents posted, as well as the most frequently visited pages, on Saskatchewan Agriculture’s website at: www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca

Stubble Subsoil Moisture Map - November’s map has been released. Check out your area. Visit: Production | Crops-Seeding.

Wheat Midge Forecast Map - The wheat midge forecast map, which indicates populations of this insect pest in Saskatchewan, is now available. Visit: Production | Crops-Insects.

Crop Planning Guides - Provides information that can help estimate the income and cost of production for different crops on summer fallow and stubble in the various soil zones in the province. Visit: Management | Financial Planning.

Guide to Crop Protection - Provides information on the use of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides for control of weeds, plant diseases and insects. Visit: Production | Crops-Overview.

Short-Term Hog Loan Program and the Short-Term Cattle Loan Program - Are you wondering who is eligible or what livestock is eligible? Visit: Programs and Services.

Livestock Industry Assistance Programs - For a list of a number of assistance programs available to Saskatchewan livestock producers. Visit: Programs and Services.

Advanced Payment Program (APP) - Livestock Loan Guarantee Producers - Are you wondering who qualifies? Do you need an application form? Visit: Programs and Services.

Production and Marketing Report - Provides cattle producers with relevant information from a variety of national and international sources. Visit: Production | Livestock-Overview.

Dark

BrO

WN

SOil

ZON

e –

CrOp

plaN

NiNg

guiD

e 20

08

CrOp plaNNiNg guiDe 2008 - Dark BrOWN SOil ZONeEach year, the Saskatchewan Ministry of

Agriculture assembles Crop Planning Guides to

help producers estimate their costs of producing

various crops. These estimates do not represent

provincial average cost of production figures, but

are meant to be used as a guide. Farm managers

should use their own costs because costs and

yields on each farm differ due to the type and

amount of equipment, the amount of chemical

and fertilizer used; and the various agronomic

practices used. Blank worksheets are provided

for this purpose.

Using the guideThe figures contained in these guides provide

an estimate of variable expenses and other

expenses (depreciation and investment cost for

machinery, buildings and land) for an average

sized farm in each of the soil zones. For 2008,

the size of farm used for the dark brown soil zone

was 1,360 acres (2006 Census of Agriculture).





what they think may occur. Also, it is important

to continually adjust these estimates as seeding

time approaches.Yields are area averages from Saskatchewan

Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC). It is

recommended that producers use their own yield

expectations.When comparing returns per acre of a

continuous-stubble crop to a fallow-seeded crop,

add the summer fallow costs to the fallow-

seeded crop expenses. The best way to compare

summer fallow and stubble crops is to calculate

the average returns per rotation acre for different


guide.In crop to crop comparisons, producers often











information as it becomes available.Short-term vs. Long-term planningIn the short term, producers must generate more








costs over the long term.Changes to the Guide for 2008











to reflect the upward trend in land sales.2008 Agronomic ConsiderationsFall 2007 stubble subsoil moisture is fair in the

dark brown soil zone. Maps are available from





yields.The guides continue to show reduced






suggest the fertility requirements for 2008.The ministry also produces maps that forecast



infestations.Caution should be exercised when using




chance for resistance to develop.Agriculture Knowledge Centre,

Phone, toll-free, 1-866-457-2377The Agriculture Knowledge Centre (AKC) is







Saskatchew

anM

inistry of

Agriculture

2008 GU

IDE TO

CR

OP PR

OTEC

TION

This publication is only a guide. Always refer to the product label for application details and precautions.

s a s k a t c h e w a n

CropProtection

2008 guide to

weeds, plant diseases, insects

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saskatchewan agriculture

3085 Albert Street Regina, Saskatchewan CANADA S4S 0B1www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca Printed January 2008 40M ISBN 088656-59953 0164

HERBICIDE ROTATION - 2008

Resistance to a pesticide group will reduce the effectiveness of pesticides in that group over time. Rotation of herbicides and

other pesticides is an important measure to delay the onset of resistance to any one pesticide group or mode-of-action.

By rotating herbicides, the risk of developing widespread resistance over a field drops. The illustration below gives a relative

ranking of risk of resistance developing from repeated use. The top of the triangle indicates groups that may develop resist-

ance quickly. Those at the bottom of the triangle have demonstrated a low risk of resistance developing over long-term use. Be

aware that low risk does not mean no risk, since weeds have developed resistance to herbicides in these groups as well.

Herbicide Resistance Development Risk Based on Number of Applications

* Some products contain more than one active ingredient and therefore may appear in more than one group.

Rotation of Herbicides

OTHER GROUPS Liberty (10), Amitrole (11), CleanStart (14)*, Reflex

(14), Dual II Magnum (15), Frontier (15), Kerb (15),

Primextra Magnum* (15), Casoron (20),

Gramoxone (22), Reglone (22), Infinity (27)

GROUP 1 (Grass Control)Achieve, Assure II, Equinox, Axial,

Bounty*, Brigade*, Clethodim, Fusion,

Horizon, Poast Ultra, Puma Super, Venture


Accent, Brigade*, Adrenalin*, Ally,

Altitude FX*, Assert, Everest, Express,

Express Pack*, Frontline*, Muster,

Odyssey, Odyssey DLX*, Option, Pinnacle, Prism, PrePass*, Pursuit,

Refine SG, Solo, Spectrum*, Triton C

and K, Unity*

GROUP 9 (Grass & Broadleaf control)CleanStart*, Eclipse*, Glyphosate, PrePass*, Rustler*


Avadex, Avenge, Eptam, Eradicane,

Fortress*

120

GROUP 7 (Grass & Broadleaf control)LinuronGROUP 6 (Broadleaf Control)Basagran, bromoxynil,

bromoxynil +2.4-D ester*, bromoxynil+MCPA ester*, Infinity*, Laddok*, Unity*

GROUP 5 (Grass & Broadleaf control)Atrazine, Laddok*, Primextra Magnum*, Sencor, Shotgun*, Simazine, Velpar


Edge, Fortress*, TrifluralinGROUP 4 (Broadleaf Control)2,4-D, 2,4-DB, Adrenalin*, Altitude FX*,

Attain, Bounty*, bromoxynil + 2.4-D ester*,

bromoxynil+MCPA ester*, Curtail M, dicamba,

dicamba+mecoprop+MCPA, dichlorprop+2,4D,

Dyvel, Dyvel DSp, Eclipse*, Express Pack*,

FlaxMax*, Frontline*, Lontrel, MCPA,

MCPB+MCPA, mecoprop, Prestige, Rustler*,

Shotgun*, Spectrum*, Triton C and K, Trophy, and

mixes containing these active ingredients

2008 Guide to crop protection

498

344376

502

395

394

366

426

456

486

367

397

427

457

487

368369370

371372

373

398399400401402403

404405

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469

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219

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254

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Prince Albert

Melfort

Yorkton

Estevan

Moose Jaw

Kindersley

NorthBattleford

Regina

Swift Current

Lloydminster

Saskatoon

NAWEHCTAKSAS~ADANAC

ecnarusnIporC

Wheat Midge Forecast 2008

No infestation

600 <= 1200

< 600

1200 <= 1800

1800 <

Midge / m2

10 FEBRUARY 2008 FEBRUARY 2008 11

Page 1 - Short-term Hog Loan Program 2008

The Saskatchewan Short-Term Hog Loan Program 2008 Loan Application

Application Deadline: June 10, 2008


agribUSinESS dEVELOpMEnt

by Gary Coghill, PAg Value Chain Development Specialist Market Development and Food Branch

The Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture and the Agriculture Council of Saskatchewan (ACS) will co-sponsor a value chain/value-

added seminar in 10 Saskatchewan locations from Feb. 4 to 8.The two-hour seminar will highlight the successes achieved by the Saskatchewan Agri-Food Value Chain Initiative, which includes Saskatchewan Agriculture’s Value Chain Program.

The seminar will also demonstrate the ways in which value chains can contribute to business success.

Terrance Ackerman of BCI Marketing Partners Inc. of Guelph, Ont. is the featured speaker. Ackerman brings a wealth of agri-business experience, with many practical examples of working value chains.

Each seminar will also feature a second speaker from a pool of Value Chain Program funding recipients. These speakers will describe their experiences and accomplishments during the project, and the benefits to their businesses from the development of the value chain.

Dates and locations of the Value Chain/Value-Added Seminars are listed below. The morning sessions run from 8:30 to 10:30 a.m., and the afternoon sessions are from 1:30 to 3:30 p.m.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Gary Coghill, Value Chain Development Specialist, Saskatchewan Agriculture, at (306) 787-8537; or Contact Bryan Kosteroski, Value Chain Specialist, ACS, at (306) 975-6851.

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dOn’t MiSS thE VaLUE chain/VaLUE-addEd SEMinarS

by Rachel Kraynick Agri-Business Development Specialist Agri-Business Development Branch

In last month’s Agriview, we told you about the high demand for qualified meat cutters in the province. Below are some training

opportunities available to those who would like to take part in this exciting industry. Job Start/Future Skills programs Retail Meat Cutting, Institutional Meat Cutting and Meat Processing are also offered as work based programs through Job Start/Future Skills. Employers expanding their workforce or start up companies may be eligible for a training subsidy. Employers determine the training needed and SIAST reviews for possible credit to their meat cutting or meat processing programs. As well, employers introducing new processes or equipment may be eligible for training assistance for their current workforce.

You can find more information on the Job Start/Future Skills program at http://www.aee.gov.sk.ca/jsfs/.

Apprenticeship Training for Journeymen Meat Cutters

The Saskatchewan Meat Processors Association has worked with the Apprenticeship and Trades Certification Commission to establish an apprenticeship training program for Journeymen Meat Cutters. “Apprenticeship” is a formal agreement between an individual interested in learning the skill and an employer who needs skilled workers. Apprenticeship training is essentially an “earning while learning” arrangement for a required term.

Under the supervision of a certified journeyperson, an apprentice receives on the job training to acquire knowledge and skills associated with a designated trade;

The skills learned on the job are supplemented with a required number of weeks each year of technical training; and

Upon successfully completing an apprenticeship program, the apprentice is eligible to write an examination to become certified in the trade.

Through the Saskatchewan Apprenticeship Training Program, students can work towards their Meat Cutting journeymen’s certificate over a three year period. The technical and theoretical aspects of the trade are taught at SIAST for eight weeks each year.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnTo register for this course, contact the Apprenticeship and Trade Certification Commission at (306) 787-2444; or Visit www.saskapprenticeship.ca.

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Training Opportunities for Meat Cutters

Feb. 4 - a.m. Regina

Feb. 4 - p.m. Weyburn

Feb. 5 - a.m. Moose Jaw

Feb. 5 - p.m. Swift Current

Feb. 6 - a.m. North Battleford

Feb. 6 - p.m. Prince Albert

Feb. 7 - a.m. Melfort

Feb.7 - p.m. Humboldt

Feb. 8 - a.m. Saskatoon

Feb. 8 - p.m. Outlook

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by Sherrilyn PhelpsCrop Development SpecialistCrop Development Branch

The Western Applied Research Corporation (WARC) and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) at Scott, Saskatchewan are partnering

with Saskatchewan Agriculture on February 28, 2008 to bring the Crop Opportunity and Scott Research Update to Northwest Saskatchewan. This event will be held in North Battleford and will provide opportunities for agronomists, industry representatives, producers, and researchers to discuss the latest information on crop management, weed control, and marketing.

With higher canola prices, there is a lot of interest in maximizing yields and expanding acres. Doug Moisey, Agronomy Specialist with the Canola Council of Canada, will discuss the latest information on good establishment, optimizing fertility, managing pests, and ensuring good

quality canola. Stu Brandt, Cropping Management Agronomist (AAFC), will discuss the latest research information and the potential for expanded canola production in western Canada.

As part of the canola focus, Penny Pearse, Provincial Specialist, Plant Disease with Saskatchewan Agriculture will discuss disease threats to canola, including clubroot. Pearse will also provide current information on other disease issues that may be of concern in northwestern Saskatchewan in 2008.

Saskatchewan is known not only for growing canola, but for its production of pulses as well. Dr. Bert Vandenberg with the Crop Development Centre will discuss the potential for low-tannin fababeans as the next new pulse crop for Saskatchewan.

New advances in weed control are always a hot topic. Eric Johnson, Weed Biologist (AAFC), will present research results on new herbicides and how the new chemistries work. Controlling emerging weed problems such as horsetail, field violet, and wild buckwheat will also be discussed.

Current research and the latest production information is a focus of this event. However, marketing is also key for producers. Consequently, Merv Berscheid with CGF Brokerage will discuss where the crop markets are at and what we can expect in the near future.

The Crop Opportunity and Scott Research Update event will begin with registration at 8:30 a.m. at the Gold Ridge Centre in North Battleford. The cost for the all day event is $20, which includes lunch. To pre-register, please call the North Battleford Saskatchewan Agriculture Regional Office at 306-446-7964.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOn Contact Sherrilyn Phelps, Crop Development Specialist, Saskatchewan Agriculture, North Battleford at 306-446-7475.

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crOp OppOrtUnity and ScOtt rESEarch UpdatE

Assistance for market research and market planning by Marketing UnitMarket Development and Food Branch

Are you considering moving your business into new products and/or new markets? Some research work prior to implementation may

ease the process, and result in increased returns. Assistance in market planning is available through collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture’s Agri-Business Development Branch and Market Development and Food Branch.

Using a marketing plan as an integral part of your business plan is one way to reduce business risks. Market research can identify what consumers are looking for, the specific attributes of that product and the price that consumers are willing to pay. This market information can identify whether or not a reasonable rate of return can be achieved prior to incurring production costs – essential information for your business.

As well, searches can be conducted to determine current market condition for your product. For example, if a business were considering a specific product like sour cherries or pea flour, a search can be done on existing products and competitors, both locally and globally. Or, the

search could be more general to identify potential uses and markets for a particular product. Other tools to assist in market planning include access to data on consumer trends, including types of products, packaging and labelling.

The Ministry of Agriculture also collaborates with Saskatchewan Trade and Export Partnership (STEP), which has information on distributors, wholesalers and agents for certain export markets. And, if a particular country is targeted, information may be provided on the socio-economic conditions, as well as any country specific trade barriers. In partnership with STEP, businesses also have access to the Agri-Value Marketing Internship Program. This program provides co-funding to hire university graduates to develop and/or implement a marketing plan. Check out STEP’s website at www.sasktrade.sk.ca for information.

Saskatchewan agri-businesses interested in exploring the marketing services available are encouraged to contact the Market Development and Food Branch or the Agri-Business Development Specialist in their region.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact the Market Development and Food Branch, located at #302, 3085 Albert Street, Regina SK S4S 0B1; phone (306) 787-5966; e-mail [email protected]; or check out our website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca; or Contact the Agri-Business Development Branch, located at #125, 3085 Albert Street, Regina SK S4S 0B1; phone (306) 787-8524; e-mail [email protected]; or check out our website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca/RegionalDevelopmentTeams.

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by Jason Wood Agri-Business Development Specialist Agri-Business Development Branch

Industry regulations affect each and every stage of business, from

development to operation. Without adequate knowledge or access to information, it is easy to overlook applicable regulations. Regulations can include permits, licenses and agreements. The number and type of regulations for a specific agri-business venture vary based on the business operation, structure, location and stage in the business development cycle.

Meeting these regulatory requirements may require contact with various levels of government, utility companies, trademark and patent offices, the securities commission, etc. Each of these organizations will work with you to ensure your project complies with their regulatory requirements.

As an agri-business, where do I start? Determining which regulations apply can be overwhelming. Saskatchewan Agriculture’s website lists a number of regulations and sources of additional information depending on the venture (i.e. related to intensive livestock operations, food handling and farm gate direct marketing). Whether you are marketing within or exporting outside of Saskatchewan, care must be taken to comply with all other jurisdictional, provincial, national or international regulations.

It is best to navigate through regulatory bodies to acquire the necessary permits, licenses and agreements early in the process. The Agri-Business Development Branch of Saskatchewan Agriculture has a team of specialists located in nine regional offices who can assist you in navigating through industry regulations. If you would like assistance with this, or any other phase of your agri-business development project, contact one of our team.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Jason Wood, Agri-Business Development Specialist, at 306-446-7961; orVisit the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca.

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Understanding industry regulations

by Gary Coghill, PAg Value Chain Development Specialist Market Development and Food

If someone showed you purple wheat, you might give them a strange look.

But, when Mark Pickard, President of InfraReady Products Ltd., saw purple wheat, he saw a product with great market potential.

About 15 years ago, InfraReady secured the growing rights to purple wheat, and began growing a small volume of it across the province. Purple wheat is a distinctive grain containing colour pigments known as anthocyanins.

Two years ago, InfraReady trademarked AnthoGrain™ to draw awareness to the grain’s unique properties. These anthocyanins promote considerable antioxidant activity, which is beneficial in the prevention of heart disease, cancer and arthritis. With the increasing demand for functional foods, there is great potential in ingredients made from AnthoGrain™ wheat.

At the beginning of 2006, the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture approved a value chain project with InfraReady to develop AnthoGrain™ wheat as a functional food ingredient. InfraReady had already been marketing ingredients made from AnthoGrain™ wheat including whole kernels, flakes, meal and flour. This project focused on working with their value chain partners to develop more ingredients from AnthoGrain™ wheat. Their value chain partners include a small number of growers in Saskatchewan and a company in Singapore that markets products to food manufacturers in Southeast Asia.

InfraReady, which began in 1994, has grown as a leading, whole-grain ingredient supplier. Using a unique cooking technology, InfraReady “precooks” cereal grains, oilseeds and pulses for use in multi-grain blends, bakery, breakfast cereal, soups, baby food, food service and many other applications. This cooking process ensures low microbial counts, reduced enzyme activity, enhanced flavour and quicker cooking times. InfraReady currently sells more than 200 unique products to clients around the world.

InfraReady’s value chain project has resulted in a number of successes. Several new products featuring AnthoGrain™ wheat were developed this year in conjunction with their Singapore partner. Bread, instant noodles, and coloured rice are among the new product innovations. InfraReady is also working with breakfast cereal manufacturers to make anthocyanin-rich puffed AnthoGrain™ wheat.

Pickard has been very happy with the results of the value chain project.

“The AnthoGrain™ Value Chain has allowed its members to claim space in the crowded food ingredient marketplace by providing a superior and innovative product in a business environment of honest, transparent and open communication with our suppliers and customers,” Pickard said.

Value chain members met in late 2007 to begin to formulate an action plan for the future. All the chain members recognize the importance of this ingredient, and the prospect of growing production and sales of AnthoGrain™ wheat worldwide.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Angela Gabruch, Marketing Manager, InfraReady, at 306-242-4950; orE-mail [email protected]

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infrarEady’S VaLUE chain prOjEct – a SUccESS StOry

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A recent study funded by the Agriculture Development Fund (ADF) is proving the effectiveness of seed-row placed or “starter” fertilizer.

Jeff Schoenau, Senior Research Scientist and Saskatchewan Agriculture’s Nutrient Management Chair, says the three-year study set out to find if there was any benefit from using a controlled release phosphorus fertilizer compared to conventional fertilizer. It also looked at potassium, and the tolerance of different rates of seed-placed potassium as well as a combination of phosphorus and potassium in the seed row.

Many growers use phosphorus and potassium as starter nutrients, so it is critical to understand what the tolerance levels are for both the nutrients and the nutrients-in-combination in different crops.

“Pretty well all fertilizers are salts, and too much fertilizer will hold back water from the germinating seed and seedling, causing delayed or inhibited germination and emergence – what some people call fertilizer burn,” said Schoenau.

Wheat, canola, peas, flax, canaryseed, mustard, chickpeas, pinto beans, alfalfa, bromegrass and oats were used in the study.

Schoenau says the results were valuable. Peas were sensitive to fertilizer placed in the seed row. The maximum allowable is approximately 15 pounds [of P2O5] per acre as conventional monoammonium phosphate. Forage crops like alfalfa and bromegrass were also sensitive. Mustard tended to be a little bit more sensitive than canola.

The research also showed that cereals like wheat and oats tended to be most tolerant of seed-placed rates, and all crops responded well to the use of a controlled release product.

“We found that, with the controlled release product, we could put much higher rates in the seed row without worrying about injury compared to the conventional monoammonium phosphate,” Schoenau said.

Schoenau provides a bit of a caveat to the research.

“We did this work in the laboratory under controlled conditions, and things are always different out in the field,” he noted. “But it certainly provides a bit of a baseline for relative damage potential among crops using different nutrients, as well as on the formulation of nutrients and how that may impact damage issues.”

The results of the study will be used to update the recommendations in provincial publications and published guidelines for nutrient and fertilizer management.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnCall the Agriculture Research Branch, 306-787-5929, for a copy of the report, Strategies for Improving the Efficiency and Crop Safety of Starter Fertilizer, project number 20050725; orDownload the report from the Saskatchewan Agriculture website at www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca.

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adf rESEarch ShOwS bEnEfit Of SLOw rELEaSE fErtiLiZEr

by Craig Klemmer Livestock Development Specialist Livestock Development Branch

Understanding cost of production (COP) for a livestock operation is extremely valuable for both the day-to-day operations and for

long-term planning. Complete knowledge of financial costs in the production of cattle can lead to improved profits, better allocation of resources for feed rations, maintaining or replacing buildings and equipment, or future operational decisions.

Saskatchewan Agriculture has designed a tool, the Break-even Calculator, which can assist livestock producers in calculating their COP and give insight for decisions about feeding and marketing. The Break-even Calculator is a simple to use spreadsheet that allows producers to evaluate their financial health through the evaluation of costs, including: both purchasing and selling costs, feeding costs, yardage costs and marketing costs. By evaluating these areas in an operation, a producer can begin looking at areas that may need adjustments.

Linking the Break-even Calculator to the Chicago Mercantile Exchange enables livestock producers to predict future prices of cattle and the value of the Canadian dollar. Furthermore, it calculates both the yardage and feeding costs, and breakeven selling price based on one’s inputs. The future price of cattle and an estimation of yardage and feeding costs enable livestock producers to set feeding targets to meet their desired markets.

The Break-even Calculator includes a number of sample rations to calculate feed costs to meet their daily targeted average. Finally, the Break-even Calculator uses a step-by-step approach to calculate true yardage costs.

Having a comprehensive understanding of the costs associated with feeding cattle and the ability to predict the future value of cattle will allow livestock producers to better capture opportunities in the livestock sector.

The Break-even Calculator is available free of charge by contacting your local Livestock Development Specialist, who will also be able to assist you in working through the calculator to help in your long-term financial success.

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Craig Klemmer, Livestock Development Specialist, Livestock Development Branch at (306) 953-2772; orCall the Agriculture Knowledge Centre at 1-866-457-2377 for a complete list of your local Livestock Development Specialists.

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Break-even calculator

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EVEntS

DATE EVENT LOCATION PHONE EMAIL

Feb. 5 Pulse Crop Development Workshop Swift Current 306-848-2856 [email protected]

Feb. 5Beyond Borders: Learning the Basics of International Trade Workshop

Regina 306-933-6551

Feb. 5, 8, 26, 27, 28

Sleepless in Saskatchewan Workshops Whitewood, Hafford, Moose Jaw, Etonia, Fox Valley 1-866-680-0006 [email protected]

Feb. 6 Pulse Crop Development Workshop Moose Jaw 306-848-2856 [email protected]

Feb. 6-7 Beef and Forage Symposium Saskatoon Inn, Saskatoon 306-446-7477 [email protected]

Feb. 7 Pulse Crop Development Workshop Weyburn 306-848-2856 [email protected]

Feb. 8 Organic Research Workshop Saskatoon Inn, Saskatoon 1-866-457-2377 www.agriculture.gov.sk.ca

Feb 11 Moose Mountain Ag Days Arcola 306-848-2857 [email protected]

Feb. 12-13Fueling the Farm - Saskatchewan Soil Consevation Assoc. 20th Annual Meeting

IPSCO Place, Regina 306-695-4233 [email protected]

Feb. 13-15Western Barley Growers 31st Annual Conference

Calgary, Alberta 403-912-3998 www.wbga.org

Feb. 14 Cost of Production Workshop Rosetown 306-882-4236

Feb. 19 Cost of Production Workshop Warman 306-242-5377

Feb. 20-21 Beyond Commodity Beef Seminar Moose Jaw 1-866-457-2377 [email protected]

Feb. 20-21 Engaging Rural Clients IV Regina 306-352-0472 [email protected]

Feb. 21-22Alberta Beef Industry Conference “Crossroads”

Red Deer, Alberta 1-800-363-8598 www.abicconference.ca

Feb. 22 Talking to People Workshop Regina 306-352-0472 [email protected]

Feb. 26-27 West Central Beef Information Days Kindersley, Outlook 306-867-5575

Feb. 27-28 Plant Bio-Industrial Oils Workshop Saskatoon 306-975-1939 www.agwest.sk.ca

Feb. 27-28 Greencover Canada TAC Project Fair Regina 306-352-472

Feb. 28 Crop Opportunity and Scott Research Update North Battleford 306-446-7964

Feb. 29 Cost of Production Workshop Biggar 306-9483363

March 5Grain or Grass: “Planning Today to Succeed Tomorrow”

Davidson 306-867-5575

by Robert Hanna Marketing Project Co-ordinator Market Development and Food Branch

Have you considered taking your business beyond Saskatchewan’s and Canada’s borders? Many Saskatchewan businesses are

interested in exporting, but are uncertain about where to start.

Trade Team Saskatchewan is holding a one-day “Beyond Borders” workshop to help Saskatchewan business people learn what it takes to be successful exporters. The workshop will be held on February 5 at the Delta Hotel in Regina and will cover the basics of international trade.

At the Beyond Borders workshop, participants will learn about the risks of exporting and how to manage those risks. They will learn the steps involved in developing an international business plan and marketing strategy. The basics of international trade finance, legal considerations, as well as logistics and distribution will be covered. Participants will also

learn about sources of assistance that are available for exporting companies.

The workshop will be facilitated by Larry Goodfellow, an experienced export counsellor. Registration begins at 9 a.m., followed by an Introduction to Exporting session. A keynote lunch address will be provided by Graham Rush, Consul and Senior Trade Commissioner, Minneapolis Consulate General. The afternoon of the workshop will feature an Exporter’s Panel followed by Export Café, which is an opportunity for participants to discover more about Trade Team Saskatchewan partners in a coffee-house atmosphere.

Registration is $25, which includes lunch. To pre-register, contact Saskatchewan Trade and Export Partnership at (306) 787-9210 or visit www.tradeteam.sk.ca

fOr MOrE infOrMatiOnContact Pat Rediger, Trade Team Saskatchewan Co-ordinator, at (306) 522-9326.

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bEyOnd bOrdErS wOrkShOp tEachES thE baSicS Of intErnatiOnaL tradE

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february 2008 volume 4€¦ · just before christmas, agriculture minister bob bjornerud announced...

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