federalism a.p. government unit i lecture 4. objective: what is federalism?
TRANSCRIPT
Federalism
A.P. Government
Unit I
Lecture 4
Objective:
What is Federalism?
Government in the U.S.
Federal Government 1 States 50 Counties 3,034 Municipalities 19,429 Townships or Towns 16,504 School Districts 13,506 Special Districts 35,052
(i.e., Water, Parks, etc.) TOTAL 87,576
What is Federalism?
Federation: Authority is divided between the central and state or local
governments. (US, Canada, Germany)
Confederation: Authority held by independent states and delegated to the
central government. (US under Articles)
Unitary System: Authority is centralized with state and local governments
administering authority delegated from the central government. (France, UK, Japan)
Federal & State Powers in the U.S. FEDERAL:
Exclusive Powers (war, money, treaties,
etc.) Regulation of Interstate
Commerce Power to Tax and Spend
(to promote general welfare)
Elastic Clause Federal Supremacy
STATE: Create state and local
governments Conduct elections Regulate commerce
within state Protect public health,
safety, morals All powers not delegated
to federal government or denied to states (10thAmendment)
Concurrent Powers and Interstate Relations CONCURRENT:
Levy Taxes; Borrow and Spend Money
Charter Banks and Corporations
Pass and Enforce Laws (Policing and Courts)
Take Property (Eminent Domain)
INTERSTATE RELATIONS: Full Faith and Credit
Clause Privileges and Immunities Extradition Settlement of Disputes
Federalism In Practice
Dual Federalism (early 1800s-1930s) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) Plessy v. Ferguson (1890)
Shared (“cooperative”) Federalism (1930s-1970s) New Deal (1930s) and Great Society (1960s) Nationalization of public policy
“New Federalism” (1970s-Present) U.S. v Lopez (1995)
Federal Gun Act deemed unconstitutional