Fetal Pig Dissection

Respiratory System

• Trachea• Lungs• Bronchi• Bronchioles• Blood vessels

• alveoli

Windpipe; carries air between mouth and lungs

Take in oxygen, get rid of carbon dioxide

Two tubes carrying air from trachea to each lung

Smaller tubes branching out from bronchi

Carry oxygen from lungs out to body, carbon dioxide from body back to lungs

Air sacs in lung where gas exchange happens

2. Why must the lungs have a large number of blood vessels in them?

• Blood vessels carry oxygen from lungs to rest of body.3. How does the structure of the lung help maximize the amount of oxygen absorbed from the air?• Increase surface area exposed to air for gas exchange.

Digestive System

• Stomach

• Pancreas

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

Chemically digests food with acid, mechanically digests by churning

Produces insulin, which helps cells take in glucose (sugar)

Absorbs water from digested food. What’s left leaves body as feces (poop)

Most chemical digestion happens here. Nutrients absorbed through walls into bloodstream.

Digestive System

5. How does the structure of the small intestine help maximize the amount of nutrients absorbed from food? How do nutrients get to the rest of your body cells and tissues?

• Villi increase surface area exposed to digested food.• Blood vessels in villi carry absorbed nutrients to rest of body.

6. What are 3 important functions of liver?

1. Filter blood, remove toxins.2. Produces bile, which helps

digest fats and oils.3. Stores excess glucose as

glycogen.

Circulatory System• Right atrium• Right ventricle• Left atrium• Left ventricle• Aorta• Artery• Vein• Capillary

Receives O2 poor blood from body, pumps to r. ventricle.

Pumps O2 poor blood to lungs.Receives O2 rich blood from lungs, pumps to l. ventricle.

Pumps O2 rich blood to body.

Biggest artery, carries blood to rest of body.

Carry blood away from heart.

Carry blood to heart.

Connect arteries & veins, where gas exchange happens.

8. Draw a diagram to show the flow of blood through the four chambers of the heart. Be sure to identify the paths of oxygen-rich and oxygen poor blood.

• Right side receives O2-poor blood and pumps it to lungs.

• Left side receives O2-rich blood from lungs and pumps to rest of the body.

9. Why is oxygen important to living things? What do your cells do with oxygen that keeps you alive?• Animal (and plant) cells need oxygen to get energy from sugar

through cell respiration.• Without energy cells die, you die.

What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + energyGlucose (sugar)

oxygen Carbondioxide

water ATP

Where does cellular respiration take place in cells?_______________________in the mitochondria

Nervous System

• Cerebrum• Gyrus • Sulcus• Medial fissure• Cerebellum• Medulla oblongata

• Spinal cord

Does complex reasoning

Raised portions of brain

Divides brain into left and right hemispheres

Coordinates muscle movement.

Carries messages between brain and rest of body.

Grooves in brain

Controls involuntary functions like heartbeat, breathing.

Gyrus

11. How do gyri and sulci help maximize the processing power of the brain?

Increase surface area of brain for more nerve cells, more connections

12. What part of your brain do you use for solving math problems?

13. What part of your brain do you use to help you throw a ball accurately?

14. Why can a spinal cord injury leave you paralyzed?

cerebrum

cerebellum

Spinal cord carries messages between brain and rest of body.

Nerves run from brain down spinal cord through all parts of body to send/receive messages