field marshal sir gerald walter robert templer kg

7/28/2019 Field Marshal Sir Gerald Walter Robert Templer Kg

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FIELD MARSHAL SIR

GERALD WALTERROBERT TEMPLER KG,

GCB, GCMG, KBE

GROUP 62110232 MUHAMAD FUAD HAZIM BIN FUADTAYADI

2110251 MOHAMAD NUR BIN SURIP

2110252 WISNU AZIZI BIN AWI

2110256 MUHAMMAD SYUKRI BIN OTHMAN

2110286 MUHAMMAD IBADUR RAHMAN BIN ZAINAL

ABIDIN
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_gerald_templer.gif


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BACKGROUND

NAME : Gerald Walter Robert Templer

BIRTH : 11 September 1898, Chelsea, London

PARENTS : Lieutenant-Colonel Walter Francis Templer (RoyalIrish Fusiliers) and Mabel Eileen

EDUCATION : Wellington College and then he furthered his

studies at Sandhurst and promoted as First Lieutenant into hisfather's regiment, the Royal Irish Fusiliers, on 16 August 1916.

PARTICIPATION : In year 1924 he became the member of theBritish Olympic hurdles team. He was also the bayonet fightingchampion of the British Army.

MARRIAGE : In 1926 he married Edith Margery Davie; they hada daughter and a son

SERVICES : 19161958 (52 years)


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CARRIER : involved in World War I at the age of 18, in WorldWar II, he was a Lieutenant Colonel serving the Military

Intelligence Staff in British Expeditionary Force and he wasalso the youngest Lieutenant Colonel in British Army at theage 44. his abilities had lead him hold various appointments inthe army such as Director of Military Government in WestGermany and Director of Military Intelligence in War Office.He became a staff officer with the 3rd Division on Salisbury

Plain in 1931 and a staff officer at Headquarters NorthernCommand in York in 1933 before returning to his Regiment to

be a company commander at Tid worth in April 1935. In 1936he was deployed to Palestine during the Arab revolt there forwhich he was awarded the DSO on 6 November 1936. He was

promoted to major on 1 August 1938 and posted to the WarOffice as a staff officer in military intelligence.


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BATTLE : First World War, Arab revolt, Second World War,

Malayan Emergency

AWARD : Knight of the Order of the Garter, Knight Grand

Cross of the Order of the Bath, Knight Grand Cross of the

Order of St Michael and St George, Knight Commander of the

Order of the British Empire, Distinguished Service Order

Death : 25 October 1979 at his home in Chelsea on London

cause of lung cancer.


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Order Of The Garter Order Of The Bath


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Order Of St Michael Order Of The British

And St George Empire


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COUNTER-INSURGENCY WARFARE

Any operation involves actions taken by the

recognized government of a nation to quell

an insurgency taken up against it.

In the main, the insurgents seek to destroy thepolitical authority of the defending authorities in a

population they seek to control, and the counter-

insurgent forces seek to protect that authority and

reduce or eliminate the supplanting authority of the

insurgents.


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Counter-insurgency operations are common

during war and armed rebellions.

Counter-insurgency maybe armed suppression of a

rebellion, coupled with tactics such as divide and

rule designed to fracture the links between the

insurgency and the population in which the insurgentsmove.


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GUERILLA WAR

Can defined as the use of hit-and-run tactics by

small, mobile groups of irregular forces operating in

territory controlled by a hostile, regular forces.

Tactically, the guerrilla army would avoid any

confrontation with large units of enemy troops, butseek and eliminate small groups of soldiers to

minimize losses and exhaust the opposing force.


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The history of guerrilla warfare starting in ancient

history when The Chinese general and strategist Sun

Tzu, in his The Art of War, was the earliest to proposethe use of guerrilla warfare.

This directly inspired the development of modern

guerrilla warfare.

Communist leaders like Mao Zedong and North

Vietnamese Ho Chi Minh both also implemented

guerrilla warfare in the style of Sun Tzu.


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COMMUNIST REVOLT

In June 1948 a state of emergency was declared in the

British colony of Malaya. The Malayan National

Liberation Army (MNLA), the armed wing of the

Malayan Communist Party (MCP), began attackingrubber plantations, mines and police stations,

derailing trains and burning workers' houses. The

term 'emergency' rather than 'war' was used because

insurgents would not have compensated plantationand mine owners if the latter label had been used.


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APPOINTED AS HIGH COMMISSIONER

OF MALAYA

On 6 October 1951, Sir Henry Gurney was shot to death on his

way to Fraser's Hill for a meeting. The guerrillas of

the Malayan Communist Party ambushed his Rolls

Royce during the Malayan Emergency period. According to

Lady Gurney who was with him at the time, he sacrificedhimself to the attackers in order to protect the lives of his wife

and the driver.

On 22 January 1952 Sir Gerald Templer appointed as British

High Commissioner in Malaya to deal with the MalayanEmergency. General Templer placed great emphasis on the

need to win the 'hearts and minds' of the population.

This won him the support of many nationalists.


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PARTICIPATING

He also involved the local population in the fight against the

guerrillas by increasing the number of Malay battalions and

strengthening the Home Guard raised to defend the new

villages.

He continued to build new settlements and promised

independence once the guerrillas had been defeated.

These measures helped unite the racially divided Malayan

people against the insurgents. As the new policies began to

take effect, the flow of information to the security forcesincreased.


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COMMONWEALTH AT WAR

Sir Gerald Templer also has been using Commonwealthmilitary from Gurkha,New Zealand,Australia and British itself.

There were normally 24 infantry battalions in Malaya from awide variety of Commonwealth countries, including the 2nd

Battalion The Royal Australian Regiment and 1st BattalionThe New Zealand Regiment.

When an area had been swept it was designated a 'White Area'and restrictions on the local population were lifted,encouraging them to oppose the return of any insurgents.


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INDEPENDENCE

In August 1957 the Federation of Malaya was grantedindependence and the insurgency lost its rationale as a war ofcolonial liberation. Many guerrillas gave up their fight.

In 1960 the counterinsurgency was declared to be over. Over

500 soldiers and 1000 police had been killed during theconflict. Communist losses are estimated at over 6000 killedand 1000 captured. The campaign was one of the fewsuccessful counterinsurgency operations undertaken by theWestern powers under the power of Sir Gerald Templer.


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MALAYA CAMPAIGN AGAINST COMMUNIST(kempen penduduk Tanah Melayu menentang komunis)

The impact of the campaign, a total of 500 000 people

multiracial population has along carrying banners condemning

the communist terror.

In the campaign, they also burn communist statues.

Pamphlets were also distributed anti-communist in every

corner of the Malaya.

Those who were once afraid of against the communist, now be

brave.

They also offer themselves willingly join the security forces

and the police to defend the homeland.


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BLACK AND WHITE AREAS

Sir Gerald Templer also introduced the concept of 'black spots'

and 'white area' under War Plan nerves.

Black area is the availability of an active communist terrorist

activities.

White areas were the areas that have been freed from the

communist threat.


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CITIZENSHIP LAW

In addition, to gain the support of the Chinese people to

support the war effort Nervous, Templer introduced the 1952

Citizenship Law.

This law allows a total of 1.2 million Chinese and 180,000

people India became Malayan citizens.

Liberalization of citizenship also shows the sacrifices of the

Malays to the other people for the sake of unity and harmony.

This will directly open up to each community to be

compromise and thoughtful in various fields.


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OFFERING A GIFT

Templer has raised the number of prizes offered to the people

who managed to catch or provide information related to the

communist guerrillas.

A prize of $ 25 0,000 is offered to anyone who managed to

catch Chin Peng whether alive or dead.

In addition, the offer also provided for those who capture or

kill Chin Pengs people with prize of $ 200 000.


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RESTRICTING FOOD

Templer important task is to enforce the rules so that the food

does not reach into the hands of the communists.

Finally desperate terrorists have to plant their own food in the

wild.

However, the security forces foiled their attempt with destroy

the crop using the poison.


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OFTEN PUBLICIZED RESISTANCE

Sultan and the Chief Minister of each state often hype around opposition to

the communists.

For example, the Sultan of Pahang often remind people to be wary of

promises of communism.

Malay people who help and support communism regarded as treason and

religion. Gujarat Chief Minister also reminded the people not to forget the atrocities

Army Three Star after the Japanese surrender in Malaya.

Support the communist party seems to demolish our own Malay race.

Dato 'Onn often remembered people not to support but together eliminate

communists. The government has to think and work to antagonize people against

communism by changing the word "communist" to "terrorists".


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AMNESTY

Dropping pamphlets into the woods as the government ledmany communists were forced to join the fight this needless.

A total of 40 million pamphlets and 12 million amnesty passthat was printed in three languages, that Chinese, Malay andTamil dropped from the air.

The mass media that was Radio Malaya, day postingrequirement amnesty offer. The poster also posted in various

places.

Advertising and motion pictures have been used to help peoplefight the terrorists to surrender.

Every effort Tunku Abdul Rahman, who is on a visit to theprovinces to explain to people that the government's offer.


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TRAITS

CONSULTATIVE

As an army officer, Templer was a consultative leader

whereby he confers with his government officers before

taking decision and in fact considers their advice and their

feelings when framing decision. Although he consults his

officers, but sometimes he doesnt accept their advice. One

of the events which clearly show this leadership style is at

the Sagil New Village when Templerdidnt accept the

advice from his officers regarding police security for himduring his visit


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AUTOCRATIC

In certain events it has been seen that Templer is an

autocratic leader during the execution of his strategy.

During his commence of his plan, Templer uses wordswhich shows that he is an autocratic leader from his

physical appearance and style. He also had punished the

villagers at Tanjung Malim for not cooperating with the

government by having curfews and food rationing.

IDEALISED INFLUENCE

The objectives and clear vision of Templer in Malaya

influences his subordinates which could win their trust and

respect from them. Once it had been achieved, he hadobtained extra affords from his government officers and the

local departments.


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INDIVIDUAL CONSIDERATIONS

Templer also had strategy to pay attention for the locals in

Malaya by providing them all the basic needs and had

gained support from the civilian population. He had win

the heart and minds of the people in Malaya.

INTELLECTUAL SIMULATION

The execution ofTemplers strategy in Malaya shows that

he is capable of soliciting new ideas and new ways

of solving problems compared to other leaders.


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INSPIRATION

Templer had the idea of conducting civic courses for

the civil population to motivate them and generate

enthusiasm, setting an example and finally to share afford

among the civilians to fight against the CTs.

field marshal sir gerald walter robert templer kg

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