FIFTH

GRADE

HEALTH

SURVEY

2001

History of the Fifth Grade Health Survey (5GHS)

5GHS was developed in 1998 by the Maternal and Child Health Service of the Oklahoma State Department of Health.

Prior to 1998, little was known about the health of young Oklahomans. We had no clear way to measure and address health care availability and the general health of young children in Oklahoma.

The pilot survey was done in 1998 and then it was conducted again in 2001.

5GHS measures multiple aspects of health care:

General health of child Dental health Physical activity and obesity Tobacco smoke Access and use of health care services Barriers to care Health insurance Emotional and mental health

Procedures We obtain a list of all public school fifth grade

classrooms in Oklahoma from the Department of Education.

The Superintendent, of those randomly selected classrooms, is notified which classrooms in their school was chosen and they decide whether or not to participate.

If participating, the school sends a flyer home with the child giving the parents some information about the survey and letting them know to expect it in a few weeks.

Procedures

Then the school sends the surveys home with the students and the parents complete the survey, returning it to the teacher, via the student, in the provided manila envelope.

Each student who returns the questionnaire receives some kind of small incentive, such as a story book.

The teacher sends the surveys back to the OSDH for us to compile.

Study Instrument Parent of fifth grader completes survey

It contains 71 multiple-choice questions

The questions are presented in a straightforward and sensitive manner

Students have a period of about 2 weeks to complete the questionnaire and return it to their teacher.

Response Rates for 2001 There were 3,438 students enrolled in the

selected classrooms and 2,146 surveys were returned=62%

There were 278 schools selected and 138 participated=50%

DEM

OG

RA

PH

ICS

Survey Demographics

Selected Oklahoma first grade students

1,763 students participated

Conducted survey in: Fall 2001

Age (N= 2163 )

9 years: .7% 10 years: 58.8% 11 years: 38.5% 12 years: 2.0%

Gender (N= 2205 )

Male: 46.7% Female: 53.3%

Race (N= 2067 )

White: 79.4% African American: 8.1% Native American: 9.7% Asian: 2.2% Other: .6%

Hispanic (N= 2152 )

Hispanic: 7.7%

Who Are The Students?

CH

ILD’S

HEA

LTH

Parent’s Description of Child’s Health, N=2208

48.8

%

36.8

%

12.6

%

1.7

%

0.1

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor

Child’s Activity Was Limited Due to Sickness, During the Past Three Months,

N=220754.3

%

22.5

%

17.4

%

3.8

%

2.0

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

None One day 2-3 days 4-5 days 6 or more

Child Ever Been Diagnosed as Any of These, N=1806Asthma (N=2155 ) 16.0%

Diabetes (N=2144 ) .4%

Epilepsy (N= 2141) .9%

Heart condition (N=2142 ) .8%

Anemia (N=2140 ) 2.2%

Poor hearing (N=2139 ) 3.2%

Need hearing aid (N=2140) .4%

Learning disability (N=2134 ) 6.1%

Attention deficit disorder (N=2140 ) 7.0%

Mental retardation/developmental delay (N=2137) 1.1%

Hyperactivity (N=2140 ) 5.4%

Speech problems (N=2140 ) 6.9%

Orthopedic (N=2137 ) 1.8%

Poor eye sight (N=2147 ) 17.8%

Needs eye glasses (N=2167) 32.2%

Cavities (N=2172 ) 42.7%

Allergies (N=2111 ) 33.9%

Number of Times Child Has Been to the Dentist, N=2203

4.7

%

58.5

%

20.4

%

9.8

%

6.6

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Never W/ in last 6months

W/ in 1 year W/ in 2 years More than 2years

Child Has Had Dental Sealants Applied to Teeth, N=2196

49.7

%

44.6

%

5.7

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Yes No Don't know

Amount of Time Child is Around Cigarette Smoke, N=2204

64.6

%

18.7

%

10.5

%

3.9

%

2.3

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

None 1-3 hours 4-6 hours 7-10 hours More than10 hours

SPEC

IAL H

EA

LTH

C

ON

DIT

ION

S

Special Health Conditions

Does your child currently need or use medicine prescribed by a doctor (other than vitamins)? (N=2137)

20.3%

Is this because of ANY medical, behavioral or other health condition? (N=2098)

17.0%

Is this a condition that has lasted or is expected to last for at least 12 months? (N=2091)

17.5%

Special Health Conditions, contd.

Does your child need or use more medical care, mental heath or educational services than is usual for most children of the same age? (N=2130)

8.2%

Is this because of ANY medical, behavioral or other health condition? (N=2079)

7.0%

Is this a condition that has lasted or is expected to last for at least 12 months? (N=2076)

7.4%

Special Health Conditions, contd.

Is your child limited or prevented in any way in his or her ability to do the things most children of the same age can do? (N=2133)

5.5%

Is this because of ANY medical, behavioral or other health condition? (N=2088)

4.1%

Is this a condition that has lasted or is expected to last for at least 12 months? (N=2083)

4.1%

Special Health Conditions, contd.

Does your child need or get special therapy, such as physical, occupational or speech therapy? (N=2132)

4.7%

Is this because of ANY medical, behavioral or other health condition? (N=2079)

2.3%

Is this a condition that has lasted or is expected to last for at least 12 months? (N=2077)

3.3%

Special Health Conditions, contd.

Does your child have any kind of emotional, developmental or behavioral problem for which he or she needs or gets treatment or counseling? (N=2120)

9.0%

Is this a condition that has lasted or is expected to last for at least 12 months? (N=2069)

7.4%

EM

OTIO

NA

L AN

D

MEN

TA

L HEA

LTH

Parent’s Perception of Child’s Feelings

Parent completely or somewhat agrees that their child believes he or she has a lot of good qualities (N=2202)

98.6%

Parent completely or somewhat agrees that their child is proud of himself or herself (N=2197)

98.7%

Parent completely or somewhat agrees that their child likes being the way he or she is (N=2191)

96.2%

Parent completely or somewhat agrees that their child is satisfied with his or her life (N=2194)

96.4%

Parent completely or somewhat agrees that their child feels accepted by other children (N=2196)

96.0%

Parent’s Consider to be Serious Problems Facing Their Child

Peer pressure (N=2184) 40.7%

Anger management or bad temper (N=2196) 23.4%

Emotional immaturity (N=2184) 17.3%

Poor self control (N=2188) 15.4%

Lack of social skills (N=2187) 9.7%

Stress or anxiety (N=2186) 28.1%

Pressure to succeed (N=2187) 30.9%

Teasing or bullying (N=2156) 22.0%

Parent’s Concerned About Their Child And the Following Issues

Lack of coping skills (N=2190) 12.7%

Low self esteem (N=2189) 20.7%

Poor attitude (N=2193) 16.1%

Self discipline (N=2187) 25.3%

Poor self image (N=2187) 15.2%

Depression (N=2189) 8.5%

Dealing with loss (death, divorce, moving, new school) (N=2174)

21.3%

Parent’s Agree or Strongly Agree That The Following Entities Are Responsible for

Addressing the Previous Issues

School (N=2020) 79.2%

Family (N=2080) 96.2%

Church (N=1996) 82.8%

Community mental health centers (N=1928) 47.4%

Police (N=1941) 40.2%

Hospitals or treatment facilities (N=1935) 43.7%

DR

UG

S A

ND

ALC

OH

OL

Smoking, Drugs and Alcohol

Child has received information about smoking from school (N=2174) 85.5%

Parent thinks child has experimented with tobacco (N=2203) 6.0%

Parent has allowed child to smoke or chew tobacco in their presence (N=2206)

1.8%

Child has received information about drugs from school (N=2187) 92.7%

Parent thinks child has experimented with drugs (N=2195) .6%

Parent has allowed child to drink alcohol in their presence (N=2202) 4.4%

HEA

LTH

CA

RE A

CC

ESS

Child Currently Receives Special Services at School or Elsewhere

Speech or language therapy (N=2192) 6.5%

Occupational therapy (N=2190) .6%

Physical therapy (N=2190) .9%

Reading lab (N=2188) 12.4%

Nursing services (N=2190) 6.4%

Counseling or psychological services (N=2185) 7.6%

Medication Routinely Taken at School

Children who routinely take medication at school: 8.0%

Medication Administered By:

37.7

%

1.3

% 10.4

%

20.1

%

0.0

% 10.4

%

0.0

%

2.0

%

25.3

%

0.7

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Schoolnurse

Schoolcounselor

Teacher Secretary Schoolvolunteer

Teacher'sAide

Principal Varies Childthemselves

Don't know

Visits to Hospital

4.2

%

95.8%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

Child Admitted to Hospital One or More

Times During Past Year, N=2146

19.1

%

80.9

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

Child Taken to Emergency Room One or More Times During Past

Year, N=2172

Barriers to Healthcare for Child

It was too expensive (N=2139 ) 13.8%

Inconvenient office hours (N=2132 ) 7.9%

Right type of service was not available (N= 2124) 4.0%

No transportation (N=2125 ) 3.3%

Didn’t have a regular health care provider (N=2126 ) 7.5%

Couldn’t find a provider who would take my child (N=2122 )

2.8%

Attitude of provider or staff (N=2120 ) 3.2%

Couldn’t miss school or work (N=2125 ) 6.4%

No child care for other children (N=2056 ) 1.5%

Place Child Goes for Sick Care, N=2149

Child has not needed sick care 8.4%

Child does not have a regular place 1.4%

Private doctor’s office 66.8%

Hospital clinic 11.2%

Hospital emergency room 1.3%

Health department/community/free clinic 1.0%

Indian (IHS)/Tribal Health Service 6.1%

Military facility 3.4%

Amount of Time Since Child Has Visited a Doctor, N=2168

51.0

%

27.7

%

16.5

%

1.9

%

1.5

%

1.3

%

0.2

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0-6months

7-11months

1-2years

3-5years

6 ormoreyears

Don'tknow

Never

Child is Covered by Health Insurance, N=2069

Yes89.3%

No10.7%

Reasons Why Child is Not Covered by Health Insurance, N=216

Too expensive or couldn’t afford it 60.6%

Unemployed, laid off or lost job 4.3%

Employer does not offer insurance for this child 7.9%

Didn’t qualify for SoonerCare (Medicaid) 5.5%

Medicaid application process too difficult 1.2%

Waiting for coverage to start (insurance or SoonerCare/Medicaid)

15.4%

Child’s preexisting condition(s) .4%

Another reason 5.0%

Type of Health Care Coverage, N=1792

25.6

%

15.9

%

37.7

%

20.9

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Medicaid HMO Blue Cross/ BlueShield

Other privateinsurance

Birth Defects

Child has been told they have a birth defect, genetic condition or hereditary disease: 5.2%

2.7

% 7.1

%

0.9

%

2.7

%

11.6

%

4.5

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

Chromosome Endocrine/ metabolic Hematologic Multiple birth defects Neurologic Unknown

Child Has Received These Services

Ophthalmologist or optometrist (N=2146) 59.7%

Geneticist (N=2080) 1.3%

Endocrinologist (N=2074) 1.4%

Neurologist (N=2081) 2.3%

Cardiologist (N=2080) 3.1%

Psycho/social counselor (N=2092) 12.1%

Physical or occupational therapist (N=2047) 2.5%

WEIG

HT, N

UTR

ITIO

N

AN

D P

HYSIC

AL A

CTIV

ITY

Parent’s Description of Child’s Weight, N=2202

0.5

% 10.4

%

64.6

%

21.8

%

2.7

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Veryunderweight

Slightlyunderweight

About theright weight

Slightlyoverweight

Veryoverweight

Child Ever Been Diagnosed as Any of These, N=1806

0.9

% 7.4

%

77.9

%

12.4

%

1.4

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Veryunderweight

Slightlyunderweight

Normalweight

Slightlyoverweight

Veryoverweight

Amount of Time Child Spends Watching T.V., Playing Video Games, or Using a

Computer, N=2139

2.3

%

53.0

%

38.4

%

6.3

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

None Less than 2hours

2-4 hours More than 4hours

Amount of Time Child Spends Each Day Riding His/Her Bicycle, Running, Playing

Soccer, Kickball or Some Similar Physical Activity, N=2136

1.5

% 10.2

%

33.9

%

54.4

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

None Less than 30mins

30 min-hour More than hour

Amount of Time Child Spent During Past Week in Physical Activity (For at Least 20 Minutes) That Made Them Sweat or

Breathe Hard, Such as Swimming, Bicycling, Running or Playing Soccer,

N=2128

6.3

%

6.4

% 9.5

%

14.9

%

13.9

% 18.0

%

9.3

%

21.7

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

0 days 1 day 2 days 3 days 4 days 5 days 6 days 7 days

Parent’s Rules on Television

65.0

%

35.0

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

Do Parents Limit How Much T.V. Child

Watches, N=2133

4.6

%

95.4%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

Do Parents Monitor What Their Child Watches on T.V.,

N=2135

Child’s Nutritional Habits

Parent monitors child’s eating habits (N=2116) 85.4%

Child eats lunch in school cafeteria (N=2132) 88.8%

Child takes lunch prepared at home (N=2099) 35.0%

Child eats five servings of fruits and vegetables per day (N=2114)

26.5%

Parents have rules about what kind of snacks child can eat (N=2123)

67.5%

Child usually eats breakfast (N=2127) 90.6%

SA

FETY A

ND

VIO

LEN

CE

Number of Times Child Has Been Injured in Past Year, N=2135

72.1

%

21.9

%

5.3

%

0.7

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

None 1 time 2-3 times 4 or more times

Of Those Children Injured in Past Year, Where They Were Injured, N=2135

8.2

%

31.1

%

12.8

%

11.7

%

16.0

%

8.4

%

5.3

%

6.6

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

School Home Friend'shouse

Vehicle Playingsports

Schoolplayground

Park Other

Of Those Children Injured in Past Year, How They Were Injured

21.8

%

3.9

%

30.2

%

28.5

%

0.5

%

0.2

%

0.0

%

21.0

%

2.2

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

Broken bone Burned Cut Fell Choked Almostdrowned

Poisoned Sprain Concussion

Of Those Children Injured in Past Year, How Many Required Medical Attention,

N=592

56.8

%

43.2

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

Child’s Safety

Home has working smoke detector (N=2137) 92.2%

Someone has discussed escape plan with child (N=2130)

87.5%

Child knows how to swim (N=2139) 89.5%

Child is under adult supervision after school (N=2135)

92.3%

Child’s Safety, continued

Seldom or never wears a bike helmet (N=2079) 74.1%

Seldom or never wears a seat belt in an automobile (N=2132) 3.1%

Seldom or never wears safety equipment while playing sports (N=2013)

35.6%

Seldom or never feels safe at school (N=2113) 2.4%

Seldom or never feels safe on the school bus (N=1685) 13.3%

Seldom or never feels safe walking to or from school (N=1614) 21.5%

Seldom or never feels safe in his or her neighborhood (N=2110) 2.4%

Violence

Child has mentioned gang activity at school (N=2204) 3.1%

Child said they are worried about gang activity at school (N=2203) 2.5%

Child has been in a fight at school (N=2200) 13.0%

Child has been in more than one fight at school (N=251) 25.1%

Child has been injured as a result of a fight (N=2200) 2.2%

Child has had property stolen or damaged at school (N=2194) 20.2%

HO

USEH

OLD

INFO

RM

ATIO

N

Type of Household, N=2199

17.9

%

77.3

%

1.0

%

3.8

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Single-parent Two-parent Foster parents Grandparents

Highest Grade Parent’s Have Completed, N=2163

2.8

%

5.4

%

24.7

%

8.3

%

23.1

%

8.4

%

27.2

%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

8th gradeor less

Some highschool

HS grad orGED

Somecollege

Trade ortechnicalschool

Collegegraduate

Postgraduate

Parental Age, N=2175

2.9

% 11.8

%

71.7

%

9.8

%

3.3

%

0.6

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Under 18 22-30 31-44 45-50 51-64 65 or over

Relationship to This Child,N=2169

9.9

%

3.0

%

0.6

%

0.5

%

86.0%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Mother orfemale

guardian

Father or maleguardian

Grandparent Foster parent Miscellaneous

Annual Income Range,N=1771

5.7

%

7.5

%

6.2

%

8.0

% 15.6

%

17.0

%

40.1

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Less than$10,000

$10,000-$14,999

$15,000-$19,999

$20,000-$24,999

$25,000-$34,999

$35,000-$49,999

$50,000 ormore

Number Supported by Total Income,N=2055

5.8

%

17.8

%

38.3

%

24.1

%

5.0

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2 3 4 5 6 or more

Number of people

Child Receives Free or Reduced Cost Lunches, N=2127

45.8

%

54.2

%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Yes No

Speaks English at Home, N=2173

3.6

%

96.4%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Yes No

SURVEY

SUMMARY

Fifth Grade Health

Survey 2001

Uses of YRBS Data

Describe risk behaviors Create awareness Set program goals Develop programs Support Health-Related Legislation Community development and enrichment Seek funding