Fig. 22-1, p.350

Fig. 22-1, p.351

Fig. 22-2, p.352

microsporidians

FUNGI

amoeboid ancestors

zygote fungi sac fungi club fungi

chytrids

Fig. 22-4, p.353

Fig. 22-5, p.354

Fig. 22-3, p.352

Fig. 22-7, p.355

stalk

The end club-shaped cellbecomes a diploid (2n) zygotewhen its two nuclei fuse.

Club-shaped cells,each dikaryotic (n + n),form at the margins ofmushroom gills.

nuclear fusion meiosis

cytoplasmicfusion

hyphae ofmycelium

Spores are released.

Diploid StageHaploid Stage

spore (n)

gill

After nuclear fusion, the 2n cellundergoes meiosis and bears fourhaploid spores at its tips.

sexual spore (n)at gill margin

After cytoplasmic fusion,new cells of the myceliumhave two nuclei (n + n).Spore-bearing mushroomsform from this mycelium.

Each germinating sporegives rise to a hyphathat grows and becomesa branching mycelium.

cap

Fig. 22-8, p.356

Fig. 22-9, p.357

Fig. 22-10, p.357

Table 22-1, p.359

Fig. 22-12, p.359

Fig. 22-12, p.359