fileprocessing&disk

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File Systems and DiskFile Systems and Disk

ManagementManagement

Lecture 5Hassan Shuja

10/19/2004


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File SystemsFile Systems

Different File Systems

FAT/FAT32

NTFS

CDFS

UDF


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FAT/FAT32

FAT

Older and for management of smaller disk

Compatible with NT/2k/9x/3.1/MS-DOS/OS/2

No security

Filenames up to 255 characters and not case sensitive

Volume size is 2GB in all systems, except for NT and W2k which is 4GB You can format floppy disks

FAT32

Only supported by W2k, Windows 98, and Windows 95

No Security

Filename up to 255 characters and not case sensitive

Additional 32 bit application support

Volume is up to 32GB


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NTFS

Only available in Windows 2000 and NT

Allows for security permission on files and folders

Supports Encryption File System (EFS)

Naming conventions similar to FAT/FAT32

Theoretical size of volume can be 16 exabytes

Functional limit of 2TB

Additional Features

Supports compressions for files

Highly reliable and recoverable file system

NTFS allows for mounting of a space in a different volume

NTFS supports disk quotas


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CDFS/UDF

CDFS

Supports access to compact discs

Not used for Hard disk and only for CD-ROM

UDF

Used to access read-only digital video discs (DVD)


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Converting to NTFS

FAT can be converted to NTFS without the loss of data

Convert command is run in the command window

Convert D: /FS:NTFS /V

NTFS can be downgraded to FAT but it requires back up of data


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Compression

In W2k all files and folders have ability to be compressed

Recommended for large files that are not used frequently

All files and folders moved between NTFS volumes inherit destination folderscompression attribute

Files and Folders that are moved within the same NTFS volume retain their

compression attribute When moved or copied to a FAT volume, the compression attribute is lost


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Disk Storage Types

Basic Disks

Contains primary or extended partitions

Can have up to maximum 4 partitions

Maximum of 4 Primary and 1 extended

Clustering is only available on this

Dynamic Disks Support unlimited number of volumes that can span physical drives

Supports fault-tolerance

Only supported by Windows 2000


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Partition

Primary

The OS is booted from this partition

Can only have 4 per disk

Extended

Can only have 1 per disk

Not bootable Can be subdivided into one or more logical drives

Logical drives can be formatted with FAT,FAT32, or NTFS


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Volume Types

Dynamic disks support 5 volume types:

Simple

Spanned

Striped

Mirrored

Raid-5


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Volume Types Simple

Can be formatted with FAT, FAT32, or NTFS

No fault tolerance

Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

Spanned Combines free space from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume

No fault tolerance

No Gain of speed or loss of speed in a spanned volume

Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

Disk 1 Data

Disk 1 Data

DataDisk 2

To Disk 2


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Volume Types Striped

Similar to spanned that it allows from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume

Data is stored a block at a time, evenly and sequentially, among all of the disks inthe striped volume

Fastest disk access

No fault tolerance

Also known as RAID 0 Supported by all 4 flavors of Windows 2000

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2

Disk 3

Data

Data

-Different Colors Indicate Different Files


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Volume Types

Mirrored

Similar to spanned that it allows from 2 to 32 physical disks into a single volume

A simple volume that is exactly duplicated onto a second dynamic disk

No Speed gain or loss

Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server

Also known as RAID 1 Limited fault tolerance

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2 Data


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Volume Types

RAID 3

Similar to striped, but is fault tolerant

Logically distributes the information simultaneously across all disks designated fordata, parity information is written on separate disk

Writing is slow but the read performance is the same as a striped volume

Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server Limited fault tolerance

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2

Disk 3

Data

Parity

-Different Colors Indicate Different Files-"P" Indicates Parity

P P P P


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Volume Types

RAID 5

Similar to striped, but is fault tolerant

Logically distributes the information simultaneously across all 3 or more disks, alsoparity information is written across all of the disks

Writing is slow but the read performance is the same as a striped volume

Supported by Windows 2000 Server, Advanced Server, and DataCenter Server Limited fault tolerance

Disk 1 Data

Disk 2

Disk 3

Data

Data

Different Colors Indicate Different Files

-"P" Indicates Parity

P

P

P

P

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