filter study by vivek dwivedi

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FILTER STUDY From-Purlieus Inc.

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Page 1: Filter study by vivek dwivedi

FILTER STUDY

From-Purlieus Inc.

Page 2: Filter study by vivek dwivedi

INDEX Filter Types of Filter D.M.F Equipment used in Filter Detailing of Individual Items Types of Media Inlet Individual Items Outlet Desired Result Mechanism of Filter RSF Filter Media Typical Property Vessel Designing

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INDEX Example Operation of Filter Client Support required Vendor List of Procurement

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FILTER……………….? Filter is commonly the mechanical or physical

operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. The fluid that passes through is called the filtrate. Oversize solids in the fluid are retained, but the separation is not complete; solids will be contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness). Filtration is also used to describe some biological processes, especially in water treatment and sewage treatment in which undesirable constituents are removed by absorption into a biological film grown on or in the filter medium as in slow sand filtration.

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TYPES OF FILTERBased on the rate of filtration, sand filters

can be further classified as Gravity filters� Slow sand filters� rapid sand filters high‐rate sand filters� � Pressure filters� Sand Filter Activated CARBON FILTER Multi grade Filter Dual Media Filter

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D.M.F

OverviewFilters those have two media (normally sand and anthracite) is known as Dual media filter. Dual media filter have two stage filtration systems. 1st stage of coarse filtration takes place on the anthracite bed and 2nd stage filtration takes place on the sand bed. Generally the required velocity of this filter is higher than pressure sand filter. Thus the Capability of dual media filter is twice than pressure sand filter.

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ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER

Activated carbon filters are typically used to remove organic compounds and/or free chlorine from water to make water suitable for use in manufacturing or discharge. Removing organics like fulvic and humic acid from potable water prevents these acids from chemically reacting with chlorine to form a class of carcinogens known as trihalomethanes.

Page 8: Filter study by vivek dwivedi

MULTI GRADE FILTER

OverviewFilter those have three media (Anthracite quartz sand and garnet) is known as multi-media filter. In this filter water passes through multi layer of media in which anthracite will be on top then quartz sand and Garnet on bottom with supporting by gravels & pebbles. Multi stage filtration system allow the largest dirt particles filter out on top and smallest in the bottom depth filter bed allow more efficient particles removal.

Page 9: Filter study by vivek dwivedi

EQUIPMENTS USE IN FILTER Vessel, Pump Frontal piping Multiport valve Pressure gauge Leg Control panel

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DETAILING OF INDIVIDUAL ITEMS Vessel Pump Piping Butterfly valve Pressure gauge NRV Media Activated Carbon

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TYPES OF MEDIA Gravel- 1”,.5” spgravity-1.14ton/m3 Silca sand-32/16,8/16,4/8 Carbon-450kg/m3

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INLET OBSERVING EFFLUENT Turbidity of Water TSS of water <100ppm

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OUTLET DESIRED RESULT Water turbidity removed Water TSS removed <30ppm

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MECHANISM OF FILTRATION

They are affected by physical characteristics such as size of the filter medium, filtration rate, fluid temperature, size and density of suspended solids.

As the particles reach the surface of the filter media, an attachment mechanism is required to retain it. This occurs due to

(i) electrostatic interactions� (ii) chemical bridging or specific �

adsorption.

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RSF FILTER MEDIA TYPICAL PROPERTY

Property

unit Granite ILmenite

Sand Anthracite

Effective Size

mm 0.2-0.4 0.2-0.4 0.4-0.8 0.8-0.2

Density(ρ)

Ton/m3 3.6-4.2 4.5-5.0 2.65 1.4-1.8

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Granite-Granite is a common type of rock. The world “granite” comes from the latin granum

the density of granite is between 2.65 and 2.7 g/cm3

Ilmenite- Ilmenite is the titanium-iron oxide mineral with the idealized formula FeTiO3.

Sand-Sand is a naturally accurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. It is defined by size, being finer then gravel.

The category based on size (1/16-1/8)mm, (1/4-1/2)mm,(1/2-1)mm.

ANTHRACITE-

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VESSEL DESIGNING

Rate of filtration (loading rate) is the flow rate of water applied per unit area of the filter. It is the velocity of the water approaching the face of the filter:

V=Q/A or r=0.14√Q, A= ∏/4(*d2)

where V = loading rate or Filtration Rate m3/m2/d

Q = flow rate onto filter surface, m3/d

A = surface area of filter, m2

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EXAMPLE- A city is to install rapid sand filters

downstream of the clarifiers. The design loading rate is selected to be 160 m3/(m2/ d). The design capacity of the water works is 0.35 m3/s. The maximum surface per filter is limited to 50 m2. Design the number and size of filters and calculate the normal filtration rate.

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SOLUTION OF EXAMPLE

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OPRATION OF FILTER Filter work in two step 1-Filter Step-water flow top to bottom 2-Backwash-Bottom to top

Note-operation perform by changing the butterfly valve

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CLIENT SUPPORT REQUIRED RCC Base for Filter. Pump(flow & Head ) according the filter

requirement. NRV On Pump Discharge. MS Piping Filter Inlet. Butterfly valve according to drawing. Pressure gauge according to drawing. Manpower for media filling. After commissioning certificate.

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VENDERS LIST FOR PROCUREMENT Filter-Fab-tech Engineers Media-jams textiles Name plate-TAPAS SIGNBORD

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