final endosement a4-melad
TRANSCRIPT
An endorsement
A community health nursing experience Brgy. Bong-ao, Valencia, Negros Oriental
Presented to: Mr. Osel Sherwi Melad, BSN. RN
Compiled by:NCM 104-A4
June-August 2010First Semester
Level IVSY 2010-2011
Table ofcontents
Vision & Mission
Acknowledgement
Introduction
Goals and Objectives
Assessment
Municipality of Valencia
Municipal Officials
Rural Health Unit Personnel
Barangay Bong-ao Officials
Courtesy Call
Ocular Survey
Contract Setting
Barangay Bong-ao, Valencia
Purok Lower Gabi
Purok Upper Gabi
Purok Patani
Purok Mongo
Purok Mani
Purok Camote
Table ofcontents
Planning
Objectives for home visits
Community Care Plans
Implementation
Structured Health Teaching on :
Diabetes Milletus Hypertension Healthy Lifestyle AND Lifestyle diseases Personal Hygiene Measures Environmental Sanitation
Evaluation
Appendices
Budgetting
Culmination Attendance and Pictures
Profiles
Vision &mission
Vision
As a leading Christian institution committed to total human development for the well-being of society and
environment.
Mission
Infuse into the academic learning the Christian faith anchored on the gospel of Jesus Christ; provide an environment where Christian fellowship and relationship can be nurtured and promoted.
Provide opportunities for growth and excellence in every dimension of the University life in order to strengthen character, competence and faith.
Instill in all members of the university community an enlightened social consciousness and a deep sense of justice and compassion.
Promote unity among peoples and contribute to national development.
First and foremost, we would like to thank our Almighty Father for guiding us all throughout our COPAR duty in Bong-ao, Valencia. For always giving us strength and for keeping us safe always.
Secondly, we would like to express our gratitude to the Officials of the Municipality of Valencia for allowing us to go on duty in one of their barangays, and for orienting us on their place and their services.
Thirdly, we would also like to extend our heart felt thanks to the folks of Bong-ao, Valencia for being so welcoming and entertaining in spite of their busy everyday lives. We would never forget your smiles that welcome us from your doorsteps as soon as we step in, and all those times when you opened up to us regarding your health problems, thank you so much for trusting us. Those times
Acknowledgement
when we are invited in for snacks or lunch will alwys remain in our hearts as well. We pray for a more healthy Bong-ao as days go by.
Nextly, to our Clinical Instructor, Mr. Osel Sherwin Melad, who had always been there to be our guide—tour guide and guide in all stuffs. Thak you for making this experience fun and non-stressful. We appreciate much all the efforts of making this rotation an environmental friendly one. Our warmest thank you for treating us like your own children and for being such a great father to us.
To all our “kuya drivers”, thank you for transporting us safely and for patiently waiting for us during our delays.
Lastly, we would like to thank our parents for thei unending love and support. Thank you for providing our needs emotionally and financially, and for understanding our jampacked schedules. We love you!
And to all those who helped to make this rotation successful and unforgettable, we could never find the exact words to express our thanks.
Assessment
The COPAR rotation proved to be a memorable experience for all of us. The weeks that we have shared with the community produced a bond that we will never forget. The smiles of the people as we greeted them during our duty days and the simple greetings will continue to inspire us as we pursue this noble profession of ours.
Our role and responsibilities as student nurses prove to be effortless since the community has already adapted to the challenges of health promotion. We can only supplement what they have already learned since most of the health programs are already in placed but this does not made us complacent about the
Introduction
purpose why we are here. This only made us believe that the goals and objectives in COPAR is working and will continue to work.
Being assigned in the community is an eye opener for us in terms of the reality of what really is health promotion. The reality of taking care a community made us see the vastness of our responsibilities. Armed with the knowledge we learned in school, the importance of health teaching is a valuable
method for the community to embrace. After all great knowledge comes with great responsibility.
Central Objective: At the end of the in the COPAR rotation in Bong-ao Valencia,we will be able to increase our knowledge, sharpen up our skills, develop positive and desirable attitudes, and manifest Christian values in the community health nursing experience of care delivery to the clients, their families, and the community itself.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES WAYS TO ACHIEVE THEM
Within the time allotted of my clinical exposure to Community Health Nursing experience in Balugo, Valencia, I shall:
1. Come prepared on time for duty, and conferences
2. Be well-oriented & guided to the different “puroks” of the community
wake up early so that we will not be late
prepare our things the night before the day of duty
take a full meal prior to going to duty
listen thoughtfully during the orientation, ocular survey, and
Objectives
3. Recognize the unique needs of each family and individual family members
4. Demonstrate positive interpersonal attitudes and respect for individuals, barangay officials, families, groups, peers, clinical instructor/superiors, and the community as a whole as well as promotion of dignity to clients, families, & the community
5. Employ the knowledge on PHC, COPAR, CHN, Service-Learning and related concepts relevant to the development of community health & taking into consideration of being sensitive to their culture while manifesting care enhancement qualities
6. Implement knowledge, skills, and desired attitudes on nursing process and related processes in the care of patients and families.
7. Actively take part in the evaluation of activities, plans, programs & others to improve the quality of service or revise
courtesy call Orient ourselves to the area
especially to the designated “purok” to where we are assigned
acquaint ourselves to their different household locations
do a thorough as well as focused assessment on the patient to determine the holistic needs of the patient within the scope of nursing
provide adequate explanation of procedure to clients and families to promote their cooperation and trust.
be sensitive to verbal and nonverbal cues of the client
be courteous towards barangay officials, clinical instructor/superiors, peers, citizens residing in the community, and also to clients and their families
establish a good working relationship with them and always ask for God’s guidance in every interaction I make.
respect client’s rights, thoughts, personal life, & create a non-awkward environment where both parties can interact well & learn from each other
review on the lecture discussion during my previous years in the college of nursing that would help me provide better, effective, and quality care to patients in the community
communicate with my partners assigned in the purok before our duty to provide proper nursing care & meet the needs of each family
do proper assessment of the patient, take notes & put in mind their needs & the information they give during contract setting
Provide quality nursing interventions for patients clients which is knowledge-based, safe and appropriate for the patient
Incorporate only interventions that would apply to my client & listen to ward classes
Provide proper health education & perform nursing procedures &
community interventions as needed
8. Update myself with recent trends and research findings for the improvement of nursing care.
9. Be able to show commitment to serve the families, groups, & community guided by the principles of PHC, COPAR, CHN, Service-learning & related concepts
10. Recognize my role and responsibilities in the care of patients within the limits of SUCN policies, institution’s policies and standards of nursing practice.
actions guided by nursing & ethical principles
help in organizing the plan of activities & contribute to a better outcome of each projects assigned/given
actively participate during group meetings & contribute ingenious ideas
commit myself to the work, task, & be able to meet group deadlines which is given to me
I will read more on the unique care of families & clients in the community
I will read through journals to keep myself abreast with the recent trends in community/public health nursing
When journals are inaccessible, I will utilize newer edition books and internet sources to facilitate learning on recent development in the care of the family members
show no signs of hesitation, laziness, tardiness, & dishonesty in my field of work
In all procedures, do proper explanation especially when it’s new to the patient and family
advocate for my patient and will plan ahead on time my care for them
I will report immediately any requested nursing procedure & submit my plan of activities for the day
I will follow my scheduled activities of the day, & report immediately to my clinical instructor for any changes
When I am in doubt, I will not hesitate to ask
Municipality of Valencia
Valencia, a first class municipality of Negros Oriental has intrigued society with its own
share of opulence, prestige and distinction. Let’s take a step back into time to discover how this
came about
It was originally named Ermita, which means "a secluded place" and was used as a
refuge from raiding Muslim pirates. In 1856 it was renamed to Nueva Valencia in honor of a
Recollect friar, Fr. Matias Villamayor from Valencia, Spain.
In 1920, it was renamed “Luzuriaga” in behalf of Don Carlos Luzuriaga. He was the
chosen delegate for the Negros island to the Philippine Legislature where he promised the
town officials that he would advocate for town improvement. But the promise came to naught,
which prompted the local leaders in agreeing to revert to the old name Nueva Valencia.
During those years, the residents recognize the Spaniards, as the authority responsible
for town improvement and the construction of the community structure. They never forgot the
Augustinian Recollects contributions, so in honor of them they named a street that leads to the
plaza after the Order, with a commemorative inscription, “Recolletos Street, a fitting gesture in
recognition of the Order of Augustinian Recollects’ integral achievements in this municipality for
152 years”, giving credit to the Padres who came to evangelized and care for the people of
what was once feared settlement because of the Moro brigands who hid in its mountains.
In 1948, after World War II, Mayor Rodolfo "Odol" V. Gonzalez Sr. and his Municipal
Council officially adopted the name Valencia for the town, dropping out "Nueva".
In 2007, its Municipal Police Station (under the Negros Oriental Provincial Police Office
(NOPPO) headed by Senior Supt. Melvin Ramon Buenafe) was adjudged the “Municipal Police
Station of 2007” in the best unit awards category, and the best town police station in the
Central Visayas (General order no. 110 dated January 22, 2008).
ECONOMY OF
VALENCIA
The economy of Valencia is largely based on agriculture. Major products include
coconut, papaya, abaca, corn, flowers, vegetables, root crops, and exotic fruits such as
lanzones and rambutan.
The economy of Valencia is largely based on agriculture. Major products include
coconut, papaya, abaca, corn, flowers, vegetables, root crops, and exotic fruits such as
lanzones and rambutan.
Municipal Mayor: Hon. Enrique Gonzales
Vice Mayor: Hon. Marciano Maravillas
Congressman:
Mr. Alviola Romeo
Mr. Ariel Bantug
Mrs. Necitas Quitoy
Mr. Salundario Sonjaco Jr.
Mr. Ramiro Gendaya
Mr. Wilfredo Gonzales
Mr. Atilano Dagoy
Mr. Nestor Timosan
Mr. Donald Sy
Local Government Officials
Mr. Jose Jeffrey Taring
Barangay Captain: Hon. Teresita Z. Teves
Barangay Secretary: Mr. Jose Mendac
Barangay Treasurer: Mrs. Cristina Olasiman
Purok Okra: Kag. Teresita Timosan
Purok Gabi: Kag. Eustaquio Catalbas
Purok Malunggay: Kag. Evelyn Imbo
Purok Monggo: Kag. Claudio Awil
Purok Mani: Kag. Josephine Viray
Purok Camote: Kag. Rufo Banlat
Purok Patani: Kag. Biensalido Abueva
Brgy. Bong-ao Officials
RHU staff:
Dr. Fe Villanueva – TagimacruzMunicipal Health Officer
Mrs. Thea Vineles Public Health nurse
Mr. Cole Abad DOH representative nurse III
Mrs. Dandila Tatoy Public Health Nurse II
Dr. Guadalupe PaalisboMunicipal Dentist
Mrs. Minerva Macaraya Mr. Albert Tubal
Dental Aide Medical Technologist
Mrs. Kathrine Abejero Mr. Cesar Tecio
Sanitary Inspector Utility Worker
Valencia RHU Personnel
Ms. Madeleine TubigEncoder
Mrs. Jimrose Ceriales Mrs. Evelyn Mission
Rural Health Midwife Rural Health Midwife II
Ms. Arlene Pastias Mrs. Violeta Diez
Rural Health Midwife Rural Health Midwife II
Ms. Marilyn Villo Mrs. Edna Solamillo
Rural Health Midwife Rural Health Midwife II
Mrs. Ma. Elva Toro Mrs. Helconida Salvoro
Rural Health Midwife II Rural Health Midwife II
Ms. Gloria SyRural Health Midwife III
Rural Health Midwives
Edna SolamilloRural Health Midwife
Brgy. Health WorkerAnastacia Imbo
Rufina Dagoy
Guillerma Tinaja
Bong-ao Brgy. Health Officers
To be able to provide quality care to our clients, we
must have a background about their living, that is why it is
very important to have a courtesy call that marks a beginning
of every duty. Each of us was so excited to know about Brgy.
Bong-ao, the place, the people living there, and the officials
which we will be coordinating later during our services.
When we arrived, we immediately started the
orientation. We were then oriented by Mrs. Teresita Teves,
the mayor of Brgy. Bonga-o, about their place, their programs, and their future plans. Together
with Mrs. Teves, was the diffent Brgy. Kagawads for each purok. Heading Purok Mani was Mrs.
Josephine Viray, Purok Malunggay was Mrs. Evelyn Imbo, Purok Patani was Mr. Biensalido
abueva, Purok Mongo was Mr. Claudio Awil, Purok Gabi was Mr. Eustaquio Catalbas, Purok
Camote was Mr. Rufo Banlat Jr., and Purok Okra was Mrs. Teresita Timosan . All of them were
so nice to us, and by that ,we already have an idea on what type of community we will be
working with.
After our orientation and knowing the place, we then had our ocular survey, which we
considered as a total adventure to us. At first, we were nervous because it is quite a big place,
but later, we became expert of our own assigned Puroks.
Courtesy Call
Before our actual journey towards this COPAR rotation, we had the chance to have a tour around the beautiful Barangay Bong-ao. We have had our fair share of experiences with ocular surveys in our previous years, and thus we concluded that we will have the same experience here, only with a larger scope. Though our clinical instructor warned us of the land area of Bong-ao, we really didn’t expect it to be that exhausting.
Prepared with our umbrellas, we started our “tour” with an energetic attitude. The breeze in Valencia was a help in making us feel a little refreshed even through the long walk. We started with Purok Gabi going down to Purok Monggo only until the dump site. We looked though the houses each of us might be assigned to and assessed the environment to anticipate what we could contribute. We then reached Purok Patani, and then Purok Camote, we were so exhausted by then having walked pass how many miles. We barely had energy to take another step but we had to look for a place where we could rest and take our lunch. But before that, we had to get our lunch which we left at Kagawad Rufo’s house. Struggling through each step with our stomachs grumbling for hunger until we finally reached the place. The hospitality of people in Barangay Bong-ao was shown as Kagawad offered that we could have our lunch at his place. With the hunger and exhaustion we experienced during that moment, we accepted the offer and were very thankful. Soon after all of us were full and well rested, we continued with our stroll around the barangay. Our next stop was the famous “oval” which was very nearby. It was indeed a large one, and we looked forward to having fun filled experiences in this area. Passing through the houses, we also noticed the abundance of fruits which really were a beauty to our eyes. Such fruits included pineapples which I believe grows only in rare areas, others are “rambutan,” “lanzones,” “santol,” mangoes and more. As we continued, we passes through a creek, another one for that matter since this was the 2nd creek we passed through. It was fun having to have that experience and seemed like we were in an adventure. We then reached Purok Mani where we took another rest and sat under the trees. It was nice being in an
Ocular Survey
environment like that, a really peaceful atmosphere. Lastly, we passes through Purok Malunggay then back to the Barangay Hall at Purok Gabi. Whew!
Again, another whew! “That was a long walk.” Our bodies tired and almost retiring, we then went back to Dumaguete to get some rest and prepared ourselves for our actual duty with this beautiful barangay, Bong-ao.
On the first and second week of duty,
we the Level IV students of Section A4-Melad
began our contract setting. The students
where distributed to the different puroks of
Barangay Bong-ao. For Purok Lower Gabi and
Purok Okra, Dikoi Realista, Steffi Santos, and
Christyriz Tolosa, Purok Upper Gabi and Purok
Malunggay, Maranatha Teves, Jeffrey Tan and
Mia Regalado, Purok Camote, Nestor Mejares, Timothy Teves, and Roxanne Real, Purok Mani, Teddy
Blaine Remata and Kimberly Rosales, Purok Monggo, Ram Santos and Harlyn Ponsica and lastly for Purok
Patani Jezica Rondario and Dame Patun-og. All of us were given the chance to go to different houses of
our assigned puroks and do the contract setting to each family. A lot of the families have experienced
that student nurses comes to their homes give them services regarding on maintaining a healthy
lifestyle.
Contract setting is a vital part in every community duty. It is a formal introduction of our selves
as the student nurses assigned to a specific purok in Baranggay Bong-ao. Included in our contract setting
is the introduction of our names, the school or institution we are representing which is Silliman
University College of Nursing as well as the COPAR rotation, the objectives and purposes of every home
visits and activities, the time and days we’re going to spend with them, the services rendered, the span
of time and termination of duty. The community people have already experienced having their
respective
As said and mentioned earlier, contract setting is very vital in every relationship
especially included is the COPAR rotation. Trust and respect are needed to establish rapport and a good
working relationship with our client’s in the community. In connection, we will be able to render our
health services such urinalysis, blood pressure taking, ventusa, shiatsu, back rub, and other procedures
that could help the whole community in maintaining and monitoring a proper healthy lifestyle. Through
our health services we can also assess their needs and problems in order for us to implement the
Ocular Survey
appropriate interventions to their health needs. When our relationship will be strengthened, we will be
able to create a conducive environment for learning without them hesitating and doubting our abilities.
Families there were also attentive in listening to different health teachings that would be able to
understand more of what they learned and gained insights. Nevertheless, each and every one of us
should work hand in hand to have teamwork for us to be better citizens of our place and have a very
good, healthy and physically fit individuals.
Spotmaps
SPOT MAP OF PUROK LOWER GABI
Road to Dumaguete
court
Brgy hall
SPOT MAP
OF
PUROK OKRA
Purok Malungay & Purok Upper Gabi
86
85
84
87
88
90
83
89Purok Upper Gabi
22
2140
42
33
45
44
34
43
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41
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38
31 30
32
242526272829
23
20
15 14
151
50
49484746
19181716
13 12
11
4
10 9 8 7 6 5
3
2
66
61
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535455
72
70 71
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62 828180797874736665656463
86
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89Purok Upper Gabi
Puro
k M
alun
gay
LEGEND:
1. Barangay Hall 31. Lolic Vineles 61.2. 32. Alejandra vineles 62. Antonio Andrada3. Osmil Vergilia 33. Rosario Vineles 63. Jerry Cefon4. Matilde Vineles 34. Corita Vineles 64. Circy Banot5. Pantaleon Verzano 35. Ida Tanyac 65. Cynthia Momles6. Monico Verzano 36. Cita Mapila 66. Marcelina Alveola7. Sixto Verzano 37. William Villegas 67. Prudencio Mapili8. Marvin Vinson 38. Ivy Jucon 68. Dali Igracia9. Fructuso Mapili 39. Bilenda Doing 69. Mita Sonjaco10. Vergie Montesor 40. Josefa Sy 70. Capiscano Sonjaco11. Diosdado Vineles 41. 71. Ian Sonjaco12. Amaler Verzano 42. Vevina Vilos 72. Eupetes Sonjaco13. Krislyn Olasiman 43. Lucilia Janita 73. Maria Sonjaco14. Anastacia Imbo 44. 74. Robin Divinagracia15. Cristina Olasiman 45. Jesusa Imbo 75. Serjo Consing16. Leonedes Bantog 46. Rorey Consing 76. Ligay Consing17. Diosdado Vineles 47. Lita Consing 77. Benjamen Teofi18. Imelda Obag 48. Pilos Dabiana 78. Gregorio Filina19. Ciferena Obag 49. Fe Apenas 79. Sonia Beoperas20. Maricita Bantog 50. Meloda Balasabas 80. Victor Eltanal21. Neonila Noia 51. Alfonso Apenas 81. Joel Alviola22. Sopiano Verzano 52. Korean School 82. Teresita Teves23. William Verzano 53. Dorico Alado 83. Vulcanizing24. Hilario Bantog 54. Risteto Giangan 84. Maligasa Zoila25. Lara Banua 55. Woodrow Grapa 85. Precillano Vineles Jr.26. Elisio Verzano 56. Cita Consing 86. Luzviminda Vineles27. Immanuel Verzano 57. Mita Losilia 87. Fredeswinda Aransa28. Apolinario Vineles 58. Monique Imbo 88. Metarda Vineles29. New Construction 59. Alegria Olasiman 89. Pilayho Olasiman30. Maria Vineles 60. Lalin 90. Clarita Vineles
Amores compound
Amores’ store
Waiting shed
3 HPN-Don’s Residence
Spot map of Purok Patani
Road to the oval
OVAL
Main road
Dry creek
HPN-Mrs. Pina Amores
BRIDGE
Eufemio Favor-74
HPN- Mrs. Alpiniana Tecio
HPN- Mr. de los Santos
Arthritis- Arsenia Gregana, 66
HPN
Spot Map of Purok Mongo
Planning
OBJECTIVES FOR HOME
VISITS
Each team had home visits in every household in their respective puroks
with the following objectives:
Be acquainted with the leaders and officials in each Purok, barangay and
the community as a whole.
Determine the total number of households that comprise each purok by
visiting each house assigned.
Determine and properly document the family size within every household.
Establish contract setting with each family/individual in the community by
citing our names, institution where we came from, the clinical instructor,
purpose in coming to the barangay, days and time of duty, & the expected
culmination of the duty.
Establish a therapeutic working nurse-client relationship with families
of every household in the community assigned by acting in a respectable
& becoming manner as well as through proper introduction.
Assess the health status of each individual in the community per visit
and identify priority households.
Assess the community for any significant actual and potential hazards
present.
Properly schedule visits to each house ensuring that each household
will be catered to, but focus on identified priority households.
Student nurses and clients must agree on schedules and activities to be
performed at least a day before the planned health services
(e.g. Ventusa, Back rub, herbal meds medication making, etc) with the
clinical instructor’s knowledge.
Disseminate any important announcements from the baranggay health
unit to each household. Include the services available among other
things.
Clarify and correct health misconceptions by conducting incidental
health teachings as necessary.
Collaborate with Barangay health workers and midwives in identifying
health problems in the community through proper referral.
Conduct case findings in every household on common illnesses and
diseases especially Tuberculosis in each assigned purok and properly
refer to the health unit in Valencia.
Work collaboratively with patients in achieving identified goals and
objectives previously prioritized with each community member.
Priority Community Care Plans
Statement of the problem: Poor environmental sanitation as evidenced by improper waste disposal as a health threat
General objective: At the end of our nursing care, the community folks of Purok Gabi (lower), Barangay Bong-ao, Valencia will demonstrate and understand the importance of a healthy and
good sanitary environment and will express willingness to promote and maintain a clean environment as well as to develop positive attitudes regarding the improvement of their living and do independent interventions to preserve their surroundings.
Specific Objectives Intervention Plan Materials Needed
Budget Schedule of Activities
Persons ResponsibleStrategies Activities
Within our nursing care, the community folks of Purok Gabi (lower) in Barangay Bong-ao, Valencia will:
1. Verbalize the importance of sanitation and proper waste disposal
2. Verbalize understanding of the existence of a poor sanitation as health threat
3. Identify health threats brought about by improper waste disposal in the
INDEPENDENT:
1. Identify the environmental condition of Purok Gabi (lower)
2. Assess the level of knowledge among the families of the said community about environmental sanitation/waste disposal
The student nurses will:
1. Ascertain the level of knowledge, including anticipatory needs of each community folk.
2. Provide positive reinforcement.
3. Discuss with the community through incidental health teachings:a. consequences and
harmful effects brought
Books
Community cooperation
Human Resource:
Time and effort of both student nurse and the family
Transportation:
38 x 16
= P608
First Week
July
Orientation at LGU and RHU and Ocular Survey
Second Week
July
Contract Setting,
Assessment and Identification of
Clinical Instructor (Mr. Osel Sherwin Melad)
Kagawad of Purok Gabi (Mr. Eustaquio Catalbas)
Student Nurses (Federico Realista, Steffi Santos & Christyriz Tolosa)
Purok Lower Gabi
environment
4. Plan and develop ways to improve cleanliness of surroundings
5. Enumerate ways and various measures in keeping up habits and good practices for a clean environment
6. Enumerate some disadvantages of having an unclean environment.
7. Enumerate advantages for a good environmental sanitation
8. Identify ways of promoting and maintaining a clean place.
3. Assess if resources are readily available and accessible that would help in the development of the community’s condition
4. Identify common health practices and beliefs among families regarding proper waste disposal and environmental sanitation
by poor sanitationb. importance of
practicing proper environmental sanitation
c. preventive measures to eliminate or reduce health threats in community environment
d. detrimental health effects of burning garbage
4. Demonstrate to the family the proper hand washing to reduce transfer of microorganisms from the environment that may cause a threat to their health
5. Demonstrate to the family the proper waste disposal and segregation of garbage.
6. Encourage family to do proper waste disposal to reduce health threat.
possible health problems,
Home visits
Third Week
Continue of Contract Setting, Assessment and Identification of possible health problems and Home visits
Fourth Week
Working phase
Identification of possible health problems and Home visits
Community procedures
Fifth Week
7. Enhance the capability of the community to provide an environment conducive to health maintenance and personal development
Health Teaching
Statement of the problem: High incidence and prevalence of hypertension among middle adults and elderly in Purok Upper Gabi as a health deficit.
General Objective: After our 7 weeks nursing intervention, the community people of Purok Upper Gabi will have an increase awareness and knowledge on hypertension which includes the cardiovascular system—the heart, the blood vessels, and the blood—its definition, causes and risk factors, signs and symptoms, preventive measures and treatment, promote and manifest a positive attitude towards wellness and health.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES INTERVENTION PLAN MATERIALS NEEDED
BUDJET TIME TABLE PERSON’S RESPONSIBLE
STRATEGIES ACTIVITIES
Within our 7 weeks duty in the community of Purok Upper Gabi and with cooperation and active participation of the residents of the community, the residents of Purok Upper Gabi specially the middle adults and the elderly will be able to:
1. Identify the important parts of the cardiovascular system.a. Trace the path of blood
through the heartb. Differentiate arteries and
1. Health teaching:Increase and broaden the knowledge of the community people of Purok Upper Gabi especially the middle adults and elderly on hypertension specifically:
The important parts of the cardiovascular system—the path of blood
Independent:
1. Conduct a Health Teaching:a. Discuss the important parts
of the cardiovascular system—the path of blood through the heart, difference of arteries and veins, and functions of the heart, blood vessels and blood
b. Discuss what hypertension is
c. Discuss the causes and risk factors
Lifestyle—smoking,
Visual aids for the structured health teaching regarding hypertension and its prevention (cartolina, scotch tape,
Financial:
Snacks:
P200
Transportation:
38 x 2= 76 x 7 = 532 (38 pesos each day of duty 2 days per week
1 st week of duty
June 17, 2010
Ocular Survey and Courtesy call at Brgy. Bong-ao
June 18, 2010
Courtesy call at
Human Resouces: (Time and effort of community people of Purok Upper Gabi, health officers, and health care providers, student nurses)
Clinical Instructor: Mr. Osel Sherwin Melad
BHW: Mrs.
Purok Upper Gabi
veins.c. Recognize the function of
blood to the body
2. Discuss hypertension, its causes and risk factors, and signs and symptomsa. Explain what
hypertension is in their own level of understanding
b. Enumerate 75% of the causes and risk factors
c. Identify 75% of the signs and symptoms of hypertension
3. Identify 75% of the preventive measures and treatment of hypertension
4. Involve their selves in the teaching that the students will impart to them
5. Identify their deficit and realize their strengths to be used to improve and maintain their health and prevent them from having increased blood pressure
6. Show interest in the topic as
through the heart, difference of arteries and veins, and functions of the heart, blood vessels and blood
Discussion of causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, preventive measures and treatment
Initiate ways in which hypertension can be prevented and monitored through:
Regular monitoring of blood pressure
Health teaching on hypertension
2. Make proper referrals to health care institutions
3. Assess the level of knowledge on what they know and what knowledge deficits the residents have
obesity, over consumption of alcohol, daily activities/exercise, high serum cholesterol, and stress
Increase sodium in the body
Age Gender Genetics Kidney Diseases Hormonal Imbalances
d. Discuss the manifestations Difficulty breathing Nosebleed Headache Dizziness Tinnitus
e. Discussion of the preventive measurements and treatment
Regular check-up Healthy Lifestyle
2. Home visits with proper assessment for any signs and symptoms of hypertension that the clients may be manifesting
3. Do blood pressure monitoring to those client identified to have high blood pressure
4. Determine the level of knowledge (Know what knowledge they already have and what are the deficits, and
masking tape, double sided tape, glue, scissors, thumbtacks and pentel pen)
Chairs Tables Paraphern
alia for the environmental manipulation
Handouts Snacks Physical
Assessment Materials such as stethoscope and sphygmomanometer etc.
for 7 weeks)
Handouts: P30
Backdrop: P50
Total: 812
RHU
2 nd week of duty
June 24, 2010
Contract Setting at Purok Upper Gabi
June 25, 2010
Orientation at LGU
3 rd week of duty
July 1, 2010
Continue contract setting at Purok Upper Gabi
4 th week of duty
Anastasia Imbo Kagawad: Kag.
Josephina Viray Student Nurses:
Carla Mia Regalado, Jeffrey Tan, Maranatha Teves
evidenced increased curiosity by asking questions and continuously seeking information regarding hypertension
4. Know the different factors that can affect the learning process of the residents
5. Home visits and Blood pressure taking
the ones that needed to be corrected)
5. Consider the educational background, previous knowledge, socio-cultural factors, financial status, etc.
6. Identify strengths of the residents to increase their compliance to preventive measures and maintain health
7. Encourage them to verbalize their thoughts, opinion and knowledge regarding HPN
8. Provide positive reinforcement
Collaborative:
1. Referrals to BHWs, RHU or appropriate health institution
Time, effort and energy of the people involved
Books Bagga
ley, A. (2001) Human Body. New York: Dorling Kindersley Publishing, Inc.
Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2005) Medical-Surgical Nursing. (7th ed.)
July 15, 2010
House to house visit in Purok Upper Gabi on their Health Concerns
July 16, 2010
Go to Ma’am Imbo and refer Mrs. Luzviminda Vineles for an abnormal menstrual period. Visit other houses in Purok Upper Gabi.
5 th week of duty
July 22, 2010
Go to Ma’am Imbo and refer Mrs. Luzviminda Vineles and
Singapore: Elsevier PTE Ltd.
Cayetano, H. J. M. (1998). Pag-ugba sa Mahimsog nga PAnglawas revised edition. Manila:Eastern Publishing Assoc.
Kozier, B., Erb, G., Berman, A. & Snyder, S. J.
further assess. Urinary analysis done to Olasiman, Pelahiyo family, Benson, Marvil family, Vineles, Asterio family and Veniles, Presciliano family.
July 23, 2010
Show and explain results to each family. Post posters. Visited some houses in Purok Malunggay.
6 th week of duty
July 29, 2010
Health teaching on Hypertension conducted in Purok Gabi. Help in SHT preparation and crowd control at
(2004). Fundamentals of Nursing. (7th ed.). Philippines:Pearson Education South Asia, Pte. Ltd.
Marieb, E.(2004).Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology.7th ed.Pearson Education. South
Purok Camote.
July 30, 2010
Invitation to Bong-ao Day Care Center’s Nutrition Day Activity. Help in SHT preparation and crowd control in Purok Patani. Home visits of Purok Malunggay.
7 th week of duty
August 4, 2010
Termination at Purok Gabi. House to House visit at Purok Malunggay.
August 5, 2010
Termination at
Asia
Baranggay hall for venue
Purok Malunggay.
Community Diagnosis: Lifestyle diseases as a health threat
Goal: At the end of our 8 weeks of our care, the residents of Purok Patani of Barangay Bong-ao shall enhance their knowledge, develop their skills, and have positive attitudes and values towards preventing lifestyle diseases and maintaining a healthy living.
Objective
Intervention PlansMaterials Needed
Budget Time-FramePersons Responsible
Strategies Activities
After our 8 weeks of nursing care and intervention, the residents of Purok Patani of Barangay Bong-ao will:
1. Know the different diseases associated with unhealthy lifestyle.
Ocular Survey and home visit
Independent:
Do home visits to the residents and assess for the pattern of lifestyle in the community.
Check the residents’ general health such as BP monitoring and
2 – manpower of student nurses
PH Bag with complete equipment
Umbrella
Backpack with
Financial resources:
TransportationP 960.00 (40x2 per week for 8 weeks multiplied by 2 for the student
FIRST WEEK
June 17, 2010
- Courtesy call and ocular survey.
June 18, 2010
- Orientation to Rural Health Unit.
Barangay Captain:Hon. Teresita Z. Teves
Barangay Councilor:Hon Beinsalido Abueva
Barangay Health Workers:Mrs. Guillerma Tenaja
Clinical Instructor:Mr. Osel Sherwin Melad
Purok Patani
2. Know the importance of preventing Lifestyle diseases and maintaining a healthy living.
3. Recognize the threat posed by sedentary lifestyle and not taking care of health.
4. Be able to manage and prevent the occurrence of lifestyle diseases.
5. Enumerate possible signs and symptoms of common lifestyle diseases such as diabetes.
6. Show preventive activities towards avoiding lifestyle diseases and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Incidental health teaching about effects of sedentary lifestyle and ways to prevent it.
urine analysis.
Conduct series of urine analysis on the residents.
Assess the people’s knowledge on the effects of sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy practices.
Reinforce the need and importance of having and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Encourage and emphasize importance in participating health programs given by the barangay health station& RHU in lined with healthy lifestyle practices.
Health teaching to the community about common
important personal contents (pen, paper, notebook etc.)
Individual snacks
Previous knowledge about lifestyle diseases.
Time and effort of the student nurse, school administration, students and significant other
Expenses for materials and transportation of the student nurses
nurses)
Snacks and visual aids for the SHT:
P 500 (P250 each)
TotalP 1,460.00
SECOND WEEK
June 24, 2010
- Contract Setting to Purok Patani.
THIRD WEEK
July 1, 2010
-Continuation with contract setting and assessment of the residents.
FOURTH WEEK
- No duty (simulations of community procedures)
FIFTH WEEK
July 15, 2010
- Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the
Participants: Purok Patani of Barangay Bong-ao
SUCN Student Nurses
Structured Health Teaching
Proper referrals
lifestyle diseases and ways to prevent such diseases.
Reintroduction on available health resources on the locality, the officers, address, and programs offered.
Collaborative:
Coordinate with municipal officials and health officers on the implementation of control on lifestyle diseases.
residents.
July 16, 2010
- Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the residents.
SIXTH WEEK
July 22, 2010
- Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the residents.
July 23, 2010
- Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the residents. Disseminating announcement for the SHT.
SEVENTH WEEK
July 29, 2010
- Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the residents. Observe for the first group in doing SHT. Continue disseminating SHT for tomorrow.
July 30, 2010
-SHT on Lifestyle Diseases. Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the residents. Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the residents.
EIGHT WEEK
August 5, 2010
- Home visits, assessment and providing health services to the
residents. Preparing for termination.
August 6, 2010
-Termination and Evaluation.
Statement of the Problem: Poor home/environmental condition related to unsanitary waste disposal as a health threat
General Objectives: At the end of our care, the community residents will understand the importance of proper personal hygiene and sanitary environment so as to prevent infection.
Specific ObjectivesIntervention Plan
Materials Needed Budget Schedule of Activities Persons ResponsibleStrategies Activities
Within our nursing intervention, the people of Purok Mongo, Barangay Bong-ao, Valencia will:
1. Demonstrate willingness to participate
House visits and households assessment
The student nurses will:
Do initial assessment of the community’s over-all health to provide baseline data
Explore with the family ways of
Books, handouts,
Community cooperation
Visual aids
Handouts (P30.00)
Visual aids
(P20.00)
Prices
First Week
June 17, 2010
Courtesy call to Barangay officials
Ocular surveyJune 18, 2010
Orientation to RHU
Clinical Instructor (Mr. Osel Sherwin Melad)
Kagawad of Purok Mongo (Mr. Claudio Awil)
Barangay Health Worker
Purok Mongo
in the actual health teaching
2. Correctly discuss the importance of proper hygiene.
3. Recognize the different personal hygienic practices.
4. Verbalize understanding on the importance of keeping the environment safe in relation to personal health
5. Discuss ways and means on how to maintain a healthy environment.
6. Recognize the consequences of poor
Plan for Structured Health Teaching in
Purok Mongo
implementing measures to maintain personal hygiene especially among the members who work in the dumpsite and among the dependent family members.
Explore with the family ways of implementing sanitation measures (e.g., proper food handling, garbage disposal) and maximizing resources.
Assess the suitable time and place of the student nurses and the community people for the actual health teaching
Invite as many persons or families available for the actual health teaching.
Distribute leaflets or invitations/put up posters for the Structured Health Teaching indicating the
Handwashing materials (soap in a soapdish, water, and towel)
Prices for the evaluation/ games (bath soap and
toothpaste)
Time and effort of both the student nurses,
clinical instructor, and community residents of
Purok Mongo,
(P50.00)
Money for the student nurses transportation
(P40.00)
Second Week
June 24, 2010
Contract Setting, Assessment and
Identification of possible health problems
June 25, 2010
Orientation to LGU
Third Week
July 1, 2010
Continue of Contract Setting
Assessment and Identification of possible health problems
Home visits
Forth week
July 15-16, 2010
Incidental Health
(Josefina Viray)
Student Nurses (Harlyn Ponsica and Ram Santos)
hygienic practices and unsanitary environment
7. Discuss ways to control and prevent the occurrence of infection at 75% level of competency.
Actual Structured Health Teaching on Personal hygiene
and environmental sanitation
Socialized and interactive discussion
topics/information to be discussed, the specific time, date, and place of the teaching.
Prepare physical set-up.
Gather the available persons in the purok and invite them over to come to our structured health teaching
Ask them prior knowledge about the topic.
Conduct health teaching on the following:a. proper hygienic practices (e.g. proper skin care and taking a bath regularly; brushing the teeth; etc.)
b. environmental sanitation (e.g. proper food and water handling)
c. demonstrate on how to properly
Teachings Home visits BP monitoring
Fifth week
July 22-23, 2010
Incidental Health Teachings
Home visits/community procedures
BP monitoring Referral to BHW
Sixth week
July 29, 2010
Home visits/community procedures
BP monitoringJuly 30, 2010
Structured Health Teaching
Seventh week
Aug. 5-6, 2010
Home visits
(Return demonstration)
Open forum
Evaluation (Question and Answer portion)
brush the teeth and to properly wash the hands
(Call someone from the crowd and ask to actually demonstrate the proper washing of hands)
d. ways to control the spread of disease and infection
e. courses of action open to them, in improving their environment
f. the consequences of failure to take appropriate actions of the problem
Encourage the participants to raise questions or share their thoughts or ideas regarding the topic
Evaluate the participants about
BP monitoring Termination phase
Provide appropriate referrals
the topics discussed on the actual health teaching.
Do referrals to BHW, RHU or to appropriate health practitioners concerning environmental sanitation.
Health Problem: Hypertension related to family history of hypertension and unhealthy lifestyle as a health deficit
Goal: At the end of our 7-weeks of community nursing care, the residents of Purok Mani will develop beginning skills, acquire knowledge and manifest positive attitudes and values towards prevention and management of hypertension.
Objectives
Intervention Plan
Strategies ActivitiesResources
NeededBudget Schedule of
ActivitiesPerson Responsible
Within the 7-weeks duty, Home Visits House to house Notebook and Financial Resources: First Week: Student nurses
Purok Mani
the people in Purok Mani will be able to:
1. Recognize the signs &symptoms and management of Hypertension
2. Identify the different risk factors of Hypertension
3. Attain knowledge regarding the possible complications of high blood pressure
4. Discuss the importance of having a healthy lifestyle to prevent the incidence of Hypertension
5. Manifest actions that will contribute to the management of Hypertension
6. Refer to the Barangay Health Workers the occurrence of Hypertension
Assessment of their health history
Obtain their blood pressure during house to house visits
visits Introduced oneself
and partner to the community members
Build interpersonal relationship among the community members
Determine the family members who has Hypertension
Interview the members of the community
Get their health history to find out what might cause their high blood pressure
Blood pressure taking during home visits
Record the data taken
Follow up the community members who have high blood pressure
Explain to community members the risk
ballpen for obtaining the health history
For the incidental health teaching:-gain knowledge regarding hypertension-contents of the pH bag
For taking blood pressure-Stethoscope,Sphygmomanometer
Expenses for materials and transportation
Time and effort of the student nurses as well as the people in the community and Barangay officials
Money for transportation-40.00 every duty
Money for notebook-10.00
Money for ballpen-10.00
June 17-18Courtesy call at Barangay Health Unit and Ocular Survey in the whole Barangay, Orientation to Rural Health unit
Second Week:June 24-25Contract Setting with the community members at Purok Mani. Initial assessment and identification of possible health problems at the assigned Purok
Third Week:July 1Continuation of the contract setting at Purok Mani
Fourth Week:July 15-16Home visits and BP taking with incidental health teaching at Purok Mani
Fifth Week:July 22-23Home visits with BP
Clinical Instructor- Mr. Osel Sherwin Y. Melad
Barangay Officials
Barangay Health Workers
Government Officials
Members of the community (Purok Mani)
Incidental Health Teaching about Hypertension
Proper referral
factors and causes of hypertension
Discuss to the members of the community the management of having high blood pressure
Give details on how to prevent hypertension and the importance of it
Inform the family about where to go and whom to seek for help from the BHW’s
taking and incidental health teaching. Community Health assessment
Sixth Week:July 29-30Home visits, community health assessment. Structured health teachings and BP takingSeventh Week:August 5-6Home visits and termination of contract
Statement of the Problem: Risk for Dengue Outbreak related to presence of breeding areas as a health threat
Goal: At the end of our 8 weeks COPAR rotation, the residents of Purok Camote, Brgy. Bong-ao, Valencia shall acquire beginning skills, gain adequate knowledge, manifest positive attitudes and values towards planning, implementing and working on appropriate actions necessary to prevent and control health threat.
Objectives Intervention Plan Materials Needed/Human
Resources
Budget Schedule of Activities
Persons ResponsibleStrategies Activities
At the end of our care, the people in the community shall be able to:
1. Identify breeding areas which are health hazards to the community
2. Understand the importance of doing appropriate action regarding the presence of health threat
3. Demonstrate willingness to participate in
Ocular Survey and Home Visit
Incidental Health Teaching
1. Assess the areas in the community for the presence of breeding sites.
2. Assess the people on their level of knowledge and awareness on the presence of health hazards in their community.
3. Assess the people’s awareness and reactions in regard to the presence of mosquito in their community.
4. Assess the
Papers Pen Human
resources: time and effort of the student nurses
Transportation
Personal budget: transportation of 1320 pesos, 40 x 3 for 11 days duty, multiplied by 3 for student nurses snacks and visual aids for SHT- 600 pesos (200 pesos each)
Total of: 1920 pesos
Ask for sponsors :from Barangay or City officials
First week:
June 17, 2010
-courtesy call and ocular survey
June 18, 201-orientation to rural
health unit
Second week:
June 24, 2010
-contract setting at Purok Camote
Third week:
July 1,2010
-continuation of contract setting
Residents of Purok Camote, Bong-ao,
Valencia
Health volunteers, student nurses/ clinical
instructor
Barangay officials, volunteers from
government
Purok Camote
the actions/interventions planned together with the student nurses
4. Actively participate in the interventions being implemented.
people on their level of knowledge and awareness on the presence of health hazards in their community.
5. Explain to the clients the risks of having breeding areas around their houses or within the community
6. Do incidental health teaching about Dengue and its cycle.
7. Show the connectedness of the health condition from the health hazard.
8. Reinforce the need and importance of cleaning the areas especially removing the breeding sites
Fourth week:
(no duty)
Fifth week:
July 15, 2010
-home visits with assessment and health
services
July 16,2010
-continuation of home visits and
assessment/health services
Sixth week:
July 22, 2010
- home visits with assessment and health
services
July 23, 2010
- continuation of home visits and
assessment/health
of mosquitoes. services
-disseminating announcement for structured health
teaching
Seventh week:
July 29, 2010
- home visits with assessment and health
services
-SHT
Eight week:
August 5, 2010
- home visits with assessment and health
services
-start termination
August 6, 2010
-continuation of termination and evaluation
Implementation
Purok Upper and Lower Gabi
Structured Health Teaching on Diabetes Milletus
Placement: First Semester, COPAR
Rotation: Brgy. Bong-ao, Valencia (Purok Lower Gabi and Purok Okra)
Time Allotment: 30 minutes
Topic Description: The unit discusses about the concept of diabetes mellitus, its description and the different types, the sign and symptoms and the importance of prevention and control.
General Objective: At the end of our 30 minutes lecture-discussion, the residents of Purok Mani and Purok Okra shall acquire additional knowledge, increase beginning skills, and develop positive attitudes about diabetes mellitus.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE CONTENT
At the end of our lecture discussion, the patient shall be able to:
I. IntroductionMaayong adlaw kaninyong tanan. Dako kaayo ang among pasalamat nga nitambong kamo sa among gi-andam nga gamay nga pagtudlo kaninyo unsaon pag-akatar sa atong kalawasan. Kami mga estudyante sa College of Nursing sa Silliman. Murag halos tanan diri nakaila na siguro kanamo kay sige man mi ug suroy-suroy sa inyo lugar. Karong buntag nangayo kami kaninyo ug gamay nga panahon para ma-share namo ang among mga natun-an kabahin sa pag-akatar sa lawas o paglikay sa mga sakit sama sa diabetes. Unsa man ning sakit nga diabetes? Kinsa dinhi ang naay sakit nga diabetes o ang miyembro sa inyong pamilya naay sakit sa diabetes?
Ang diabetes usa ka sakit nga gi-ila nga dili makatakod sama sa cardiovascular dieseases o sakit sa kasing-kasing, kanser, ug sakit sa baga. Ang pagkadaghan sa nagkasakit niining mga sakita naghatag ug hagit sa atong paglambo isip usa ka nasud. naghagit kini sa paglambo sa atong ekonomiya ug ang atong mga kinabuhi ug maayong panglawas. gitawag kaning mga sakita nga "lifestyle related diseases" kay dili kini makatakod pero magkasakit ang usa ka tawo pinaagi sa iyang pagkulang sa pag-akatar sa kalawasan.
1. Define the following terms in their own words.
Sa tuig nga 2005, gi-istemar nga 35 milyones ka tawo ang mamatay gumikan sa aning mga sakita. Ang sakit nga diabetes usa nga mga nanguna sa mga sakit nga maka-angkon ug disabilidad sa usa ka tawo.
II. Definition of terms:Sa dili pa kita magtuki kabahin sa sakit sa diabetes, ako usa ihatag ang mga komon nga mga words nga gamiton nato karong adlawa ug amo usab i-esplekar kini.• Insulin
Isa ni siya ka-hormone nga gipagawas sa atong lawas para sa pagtabang ug metabolize sa mga carbohydrates nga makuha nato sa mga kan-on, kamote, ug uban pa. sa mga protina ug mga tambok. Kung kulang ka aning ginatawag ug insulin, mu resulta kini siya ug diabetes.
• Predisposing Factors Ang mga rason o mga butang nga nagpadako sa mga posibilidad nga ang tawo maka-angkon sa sakit nga diabetes.
• Screening Test Usa ka pamaagi nga mailhan o mamatikdan ang sakit nga diabetes.
III. Description Ang sakit nga diabetes dili usa ka klaseng sakit. Grupo kini sa mga sakit gumikan sa pagkakulang sa atong lawas
ug insulin o ang insulin dili maka-function kayo sa atong lawas nga maoy motabang sa atong lawas para naa tay enerheya. Kung sobra ang asukal o glucose sa atong lawas makatanggom kita ug gitawag nga hyperglycemia. Kung mubo pud ang atong asukal o glucose magkatanggom kita sa gitawag nga hypoglycemia.
IV. Etiology/Causes Mga rason o mga pamaagi nga magkasakit ang tawo ug diabetes:
Kaliwat o nakuha sa mga ginikanan o pamilya – kung aduna kay ginikanan nga naay diabetes o igsuon o mga parente nga naay diabetes dako nga posibilidad nga naa pud ka aning sakita.
2. Describe diabetes mellitus as a lifestyle disease.
3. Identify the etiology or causes of diabetes.
Pagkasobra sa timbang (>20% over desired body weight) Walay tarong nga pagkaon o pagpili sa pagkaon Kulang o walay ehersisyo Edad (>45y) – ang pagtaas sa edad namatikdan pud nga magkasakit ug diabetes tungod sa dili insaktong
gipangkaon, walay ehersisyo ug pagkadaghan sa tambok sa kalawasan. Hypertension o altapresyon(>140/90 mmHg)
V. Types of Diabetes
a. Type I Usa ka klase nga diabetes nga gumikan sa kulang nga insulin sa lawas kay ang pancreas guba o wala ga-function. Kini ang klase nga diabetes nga gikinahanglan ug dugang nga insulin pinaagi sa pag-injection. Kini ang klase sa diabetes nga gumikan nga kaliwat o gikan sa mga ginikanan, sa atong environment o atong palibot, o mga kagaw ug mga kemikal.
b. Type II Kini usa ka klase nga diabetes nga bisan naa ang tawo sa gitawag nga insulin, dili gihapon makatrabaho ang insulin kay ginadili kini sa atong lawas. Kini mahitabo sa mga tawo nga taas na ug edad o mga tawo sobra sa timbang. Puede pud kini makuha sa atong mga kaliwat.
1. Risk Factors of Type II DM Ang mga rason kung nganong magkasakit kita sa sakit nga diabetes Type II mao ang:
• Mga kalitawat nato nga naay diabetes;• Mga tawo nga sobra sa timbang ug sobra sa tambok;• Mga tawong walay gibuhat o walay ehersisyo;• Altapresyon• Pagkatawo nga dako nga pagkabata.
4. Enumerate the two types of diabetes and briefly describe each.
5. Give one of the ways of screening diabetes.
6. Identify at least 2 complications of diabetes.
7. Correctly states the prevention and control of the disease.
VI. Screening for DM Ang sakit nga diabetes mailhan sa mga pamaagi sa pag-ila kung naa ka aning sakita sama sa:
• Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) - ginakuha kini sa sulod sa 8 ka oras nga walay kaon ang pasyente. Tubig ra ang ipainom. Gitawag ang usa sa mga instrumento nga gigamit niini mao ang Glucometer.
FASTING BLOOD SUGAR VALUES109 mg% - Normal110-125 mg% - Impaired Glucose Tolerance
126 mg% - Possible Diabetes Mellitus Mga symptomas sa diabetes u gang RBS > 200 mg/dl Two-hour blood sugar >200 mg/dl – paimnon ug 75g nga glucose nga gitunaw sa tubig o paghuman sa pagkaon.
VII. Complications Ang sakit nga diabetes makaresulta sa uban pang grabe nga mga sakit sama sa:
• Sakit sa kidney;• Pagkabuta;• Sakit sa kasing-kasing;• Stroke
VIII. Prevention and Control Naay mga pamaagi nga malikayan nato ang sakit nga diabetes o makontrolar nato kung naa na tay sakit nga diabetes. Ang mga pamaagi mao ang:
• Pagmentenar sa atong kabug-aton sa atong lawas ug paglikay sa pagpanambok pinaagi sa pagkaon sa mga ensaktong pagkaon ug ehersisyo.
• Pagbantay sa atong mga gikaon - paglikay o pagminus sa mga pagkaon nga asgad ug kargadog tambok, paglikay sa mga matam-is nga pagkaon sama sa kendi ug cake; paglikay sa mga junk foods.
• Pag-ehersisyo para malikayan ang pagtaas sa timbang.• Paglikay ug pag-undang sa panigarilyo o paglikaw sa aso sa sigarilyo.
IX. Open Forum/Evaluation (Games with prizes)
Placement: Residents of Purok Gabi
Time Allotment: 30 minutes
Topic Description: Structured health teaching on Hypertension. This includes the a brief discussion of the cardiovascular system—the heart, the blood vessels, and the blood—its definition, causes and risk factors, signs and symptoms, preventive measures and treatment.
Central Objecives: At the end of 30 minutes, the people of Purok Gabi will be able to gain new knowledge on the important facts about hypertension.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES CONTENT
After 30 minutes, the resident of Purok Gabi will:
Pag-ampo
I. Introduction Maayong buntag sa inyong tanan, kami ang mga 4th year students sa Silliman University, College of Nursing. Karong buntaga atong panghisgutan ang problema kabahin sa hypertension o altapresyon. Sama ni ini ang mga parte sa lawas na maapaektuhan, ang mga hinungdan kung nganu ni mahitabo, kung kinsa ang taas og risgo na magka hypertension, mga timailhan sa hypertension, mga pamaagi sa paglikay og pagtambal sa altapresyon.
Kining pagtudlo kabahin sa hypertension, makatabang kini para mapun-an atong nahibal-an kabahin sa hypertension para maka mintinar og maayong panglawas og makalikay ta sa ni ining sakita.
II. Brief Discussion of the Cardiovascular SystemA. The heart
Ang atong kasingkasing kay pare-pareha sa atong kinumo kadak-on. Importante kini atong kasingkasing kay kini nagdala og nutrisyon og oxygen pinaagi sa pagbomba og dugo paingn sa ubang parte sa atong kalawasan. Gi unsa man pagdala sa kasingkasing og
7. Identify the important parts of the cardiovascular system.d. Trace the path of blood
through the heart
e. Differentiate arteries and veins.
f. Recognize the function of blood to the body
8. Discuss hypertension, its causes and risk factors, and signs and symptomsa. Explain what
dugo paingn sa ubang parte sa kalawasan? Imortante na mahibal-an nato na adunay upat ka parte o kwarto ang atong kasingkasing. Ang nagamit na dugo na kulang sa oxygen og nutrisyon kay musulod sa tuong bahin sa kasing-kasing, ang kaning dugo na nagamit na kulang sa oxygen og nutrisyon kay mabomba padulong sa baga para makakuha og oxygen. Ang napresko na dugo na gikan sa baga mubalik sa kasingkasing na muagi sa walang parte ni ini. Gikan sa walang parte sa kasingkasing, ang dugo na napresko na puno og oxygen og nutrisyon, e.bomba kini sa kasing kasing paingnon sa ubang parte sa lawas. And dugo na gikan sa ubang parte sa lawas na nagamit na ang oxygen og dug okay gi gamit sa lawas mu paingon na pud sa ttuong bahin sa kasingkasing.
B. Ang kaugatanAng kaugatan mao kini ang alagianan sa dugo paingon sa lain laing parte sa atong kalawasan og paingon balik sa atong
kasingkasing. Ang arteries mao kini ang dagkong ugat na nagdala sa dugo paingn sa lain lain nap arte sa lawas. Ang veins mao ang g.agian sa dugo gikan sa lain laing parte sa lawas.
C. Ang dugoAng atong dugo nagsilbi ni siya na mao mag dala og oxygen og nutrisyon para sa mga parte sa atong lawas. Mao kini ang iyang
mga katuyoan: nagdala og oxygen, nutrisyon, og hormones paingn sa selula sa atong lawas og nagdala sa hugaw gikan sa atong selula para kining hugaw mapagawas sa lawas, nag-regulate kini sa atong temperature, pH, og gidaghanon sa dugo og pagsanta sa impeksyon og pagkausik sa dugo.
III. Hypertension
A. DefinitionAng alta presyon o hayblad mao ang panghitabo nga mutaas ang presyon sa dugo nga makahatag ug dakong kadaot sa lawas ug ug
usahay muresulta sa dihadihang kamatayon. Moresulta kini kon mogamay ang alagian sa dugo (ilabi na kon daghan ang cholesterol sa ugat) o kung kusog ang agus sa dugo sa mga ugat (ilabi na kung grabe o bug-at ang ginabuhat). Ang paggamay sa alagianan sa dugo maoy dako nga hinungdan nganong naay alta presyon. Ang ubang hinungdan sa alta presyon mao ang pagtaas sa gidaghanon sa dugo sulod sa atong lawas ug ang pagsapok sa dugo.
hypertension is in their own level of understanding
b. Enumerate 75% of the causes and risk factors
Ang altapresyon gi ila pud nga usa ka hilom nga mamumuno. Ang tawo nga dunay alta presyon kasagaran walay mabatyagan nga mga sintoma. Mahimong dili kini maghatag og pasidaan o sintomas usa mukuha ug kinabuhi. Mahimong maigo ani ang bisan kinsa nga dili niya mabantayan o mahibaw-an: bata man o tigulang, dato man o pobre. Mosangko sad kini sa lainlaing kahimtang kung dili maayo ang pagcontrol. Sama sa mga komplikasyon ani ang estrok (atake sa utok), atake de corazon (atake sa kasingkasing) pagkahapo, pagpalyar sa bato (amimislon), pagkabuta ug daghan pa. Hinuon, mahimo kining mapugngan pinaagi sa igong pagpakabana.
Ang normal nga presyon sa dugo mao ang 110-140/60-90 mmHg. Ang mas taas pa ani nga pagbasa, mao na ang kondisyon nga gitawag nato nga altapresyon.
B. Causes & Risk FactorsNaay duha ka klase ang alta presyon: Ang Primary hypertension ug ang Secondary hypertension.
95% sa mga tawo nga naay altapresyon ang may naay Primary Hypertension. Kani nga clase ang wala mailhi ang insaktong hinungdan pero adunay mga risgo (risk factors) nga makapadako sa tsansa nga magka alta presyon. Ang mga malikayan nga risgo mao ang:
1. Istilo sa kinabuhi (lifestyle) Pagtabako/pagpanigarilyo Katambok Sobra sa pag-inom ug alcohol Kulang sa exercise Taas nga cholesterol sa dugo nga gidulot sa mga pagkaong sama sa tono sa lubi, mayonnaise, margarine. Stress o sigeng gapakapoy ug mga problema.
2. Taas nga sodium o asin sa lawas.Ang asin nga daghan sodium ang hinugdan nga magtigom ang mga tubig sa atong lawas. Kaning sodium, us aka element nga murag mu kupot sa tubig sa atong lawas, mao dili kini mapagawas dayon. Kini nga tubig nga nagtigom na sa atong lawas, mopataas sa presyon sa dugo. Ang mga pagtuon kabahin ni ini nagapkita nga sa pagbawal o pagdili ug bisan ginagmay nga asin makatabang sa pagmubo sa presyon sa dugo.
Naa usab ang mga dili malikayan nga risgo, sama sa:
Edad – sa pagtaas sa edad nagakadako sad ang tsansa nga magkaalta presyon. Ang mga ugat dili na kayo moinat hinungdan nga moresulta sa alta presyon.
Gender – sayo ang mga lalaki nga magkaalta presyon kaysa mga babaye tungod kay adunay hormones ang mga babaye nga makatabang sa pagpamubo sa presyon samtang wala pa mag menopause.
KaliwatAng ikaduwa nga klase sa alta presyon ang secondary hypertension. 5% ra kini sa mga tawo na adunay alta presyon. Kini nga
klase ga resulta sa uban pang mga sakit sama sa:
Mga sakit sa kidney. Mga lain pang hormonal imbalances
C. Mga malagmit nga timailhan Lisod pagginhawa Pagsunggo Grabe nga sakit sa parte sa ulo, nga motukar sayo sa buntag, inubanan ug kasukaon, ug pagdaut sa panan-aw tungod kay
ang Pagkalipong kon ang “diastolic” motaas pa sa 110 mmHg Tinnitus o pagbagting sa dunggan
IV. Mga pamaagi sa pagtambal ug paglikay sa alta presyon: Regular nga pagpacheck-up, ilabi na sa mga nay kaliwat nga hayblad, edad sobra 40, mga sobra sa timbang, nanigaaarilyo
ug naay dili himsog nga lifestyle. Likayan ang parat nga pagkaon Likayan ang mga pagkaon nga daghan ug tambok Mag ehersisyo ug hinayhinay unya regular. Sugod ug lakaw 5 ka adlaw kada semana, sulod sa 10 – 20 minuto.
c. Identify 75% of the signs and symptoms of hypertension
9. Identify 75% of the preventive measures and treatment of hypertension
Through the open forum, the residents of Purok Gabi will be able to show their understanding on the topic hypertension
Pugngi o walaon na ang pagpanigarilyo. Likayan ang bug-at nga trabahoon kay makapakusog kini sa presyon. Sama ani ang pag aswat ug mga bug-at nga butang. Ayaw pag-aswat ug bisan unsa ibabaw sa ulo. Pagkaon sa mga utanon sama sa tangkong, kamote, kalamunggay, sikwa. Dili magpasobra ug inum ug alcohol, kay kini makadaot sa sirkulasyon sa dugo. Gikinahanglan usab nga mag-inum kanunay sa mga tambal nga giresita sa doctor. Ug usab, kon dili makapalit niini kay
tungod kulang ang atong mga pangita para sa pang adlaw – adlaw nga galastoan, puede ta mogamit sa:
o Tanglad: pabukalan ang pito ka ulo sa tanglad ug duha ka tasang tubig hangtod nga mamahimo na lang kining usa ka tasa. Bahinon ug tulo ang tubig ug imnon katulo sa usa ka adlaw.
o Ahos: sinanglag o gihulom sa suka sulod sa 30 minutos or giholom kadali sa init nga tubig sulod sa singko minutos. Tomar ug 2 ka book katulo sa usa ka adlaw inig human ug kaon.
V. Open Forum andd Evaluation through a Game
A. Evaluation Questions:
Unsa ang mga parte sa cardiovascular system?
Kinsa ang makasubay sa pamaagi sa atong kasingkasing?
Kinsa ang makahisgot sa kalahian sa arteries og veins?
Unsa ang mga importananteng buhat sa dugo para sa atong lawas?
Sa inyong pagsabot, unsa ang hypertension?
Kinsa ang maakahisgot sa mga hinungdan og kung unsa ang mga risgo sa hypertension?
Kinsa ang makahinganlan sa mga timailhan sa hypertension?
Kinsa ang makasulti sa pamaagi sa paglikay og pagtambal sa hypertension?
Purok Patani
Structured Health Teaching on Healthy Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases
Placement: First Semester, level IV NCM 104
No. of Hours: 30 minutes
Topic Description: This topic deals with how to achieve a healthy lifestyle with emphasis on the four lifestyle diseases namely cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. It also discusses the description, signs and symptoms, and ways to avoid of each disease mentioned. In addition, this topic will also tackle the different lifestyle that can cause ill health such as smoking, alcoholism, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, hygiene, and drug abuse.
General Objective: Within 30-minute health teaching, the learners shall be able to acquire knowledge about healthy lifestyle, develop desirable skills and demonstrate positive attitudes necessary for the implementation of healthy lifestyle.
Participants: People in Purok Patani, Bong-ao, Valencia, Negros Oriental
OBJECTIVES CONCEPT/CONTENT
Within 30-minute health teaching, the learners shall be able to:
I. Prayer (to be led by Dame Patun-og)
II. Introduction
Maayong buntag ka natong tanan kami si Jezica Rondario og Dame Patun-og, ang mga 4 th yr nga estudyante sa Silliman University nga na.assign dri sa Purok Patani, ug ani-a kami karon aron magpahambit ka ninyo sa among mga nahibal-an kabahin sa healthy lifestyle o ang himsog nga pagkinabuhi.
Sa atong panahon karon ang kalabanan sa rason nganong ma-ospital ang kadaghanan sa mga Pilipino kay dili mga sakit nga matakod kun dili mga sakit na idili maka-takod o ang ginatawag na lifestyle diseases. Kini ang sakit sa kasing-kasing sama sa hypertension o ang ginatawag na high blood, coronary artery disease, stroke, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease o pulmonya ug ang diabetes mellitus. Ang asthma o hubak hinungdan pud sa pagkasakit sa kalabanan sa mga Pilipino.
Kaning mga sakita ginatawag pud ug lifestyle diseases tungod kay ang nutrisyon, ehersisyo, pagpanigarilyo o pagpanabako, pag-inom ug
2. Enumerate correctly 2out of 4 lifestyle practices that can cause ill health
3. Explain satisfactorily how the 2 lifestyle practices can cause ill health
bino ug ang stress maka grabe aning mga sakita.
III. Definition of Terms
A. Health- kini ang estado sa tong panglawas kung kita walay gibating lain sa lawas o sakit B. Illness- ginatawag sa sakit
C. Health Lifestyle- wastong panginabuhi ug pag-atiman sa lawas para maka-iwas sa sakit
IV. Lifestyle Practices that can lead to ill health
A. Pagsigarilyo/PagpanabakoAng panigarilyo kay adunay dakong ipekto sa atong kalawasan. Dili lang kini maka-apekto sa kadtong mga
manigarilyo, kundi aduna sad kini ipekto sa mga tawo nga maka-simhut sa mga asu sa mga nanigarilyo. Usa kini sa mga rason kung ngano kita makakuha og mga dili makatakod nga mga sakit. Adunay mga scientific researches nga nag-ingon na ang panigarilyo makaresulta sa 40 ka sakit og 20 ka klase nga cancer. And COPD ang nangulo nga sakit gisundan sa ischemic heart disease, stroke, og cancer. Makasamut usab ang panigarilyo sa atong hubak.
Adunay duha ka klase nga panigarilyo – ang aktibo og ang gitawag anto og passive smoker. Ang aktibo, mao kini ang mga tawo nga manigarilyo Gamit ang tobacco o mga uban pang lain-laing brand sa sigarilyo. Ang mga passive smoker, mao kini ang naga-simhot sa mga aso nga gikan sa mga tawo nga nanigarilyo.
Mga delikado na epekto sa panigarilyo.
Hinungdan sa mga sakit sa kasing-kasing og stroke.
Makadugang og sakit sa kasing-kasing sa mga tawo nga adunay diabetes mellitus. Madoble ang posibilidad na magkakuha og sakit sa kasing kasing nag panigarilyo sa mga tawo nga aduna nay taas nga
presyon sa dugo Mas delikado sa mga idad-idaran na nga mga lalake. Hinungdan sa hubak og hinungdan nga musamot ang hubak. Hinungdan sa pagpanganak sa mga batang kulang ug bulan , bata nga mamatay suldo sa tiyan. Hinungdan sa 90% nga kanser sa baga, 75% sa mga sakit sa baga, og 25% hinungdan sa sakit sa kasing-kasing.
B. Pag-inom ug AlkoholAng mga ilimnun na makahubog makahatag ug “calories” pero gamay ra ang sustansya. Ang mag ilimnun na
makahubog kung magpalabi kita ug inom makadaot ug ang uban tawo kinahanglan bawalan sa pag inom niini.
Ang alcoholism o ang pagka adik sa pag inom ug ilimnon na makahubog ug and alcohol abuse o ang pagpalabi ug inom niini ang duha ka mga problema bahin sa ilimnun na makahubog
Ang pag-inom ug bino sa mga baying mamdos maka resulta ug depeketo sa bata na naa sa ilang tiyan.Ang sobra na alcohol mo-resulta pud kini ug sakit sa atay o ang ginatawag na liver cirrhosis, paghubag sa pancreas, ug pagkadaot sa utok ug kasing-kasing. Kasagaran sa mga tawo na kusog mo-inom ug bino kay “malnourish” pud tungod ang bino nay calories na mo-puli sa mga sustansya na makuha nato a pagkaon na atong gina-kaon.
Kung ang mga tawo naa na sa saktong edad mo-inom ug bino mas maayo na limitahan ra ang pag-inom niini ug kinahanglan nakakaon na sila aron mapahinay ang “pag-absorb” sa alcohol sa ilang lawas.
C.Sedentary LifestyleAng kinabuhing walay paghersisyo ug walay pisikal nga mga aktibidad o maoy ginatawag nga sedentary lifestyle
kay maoy hinungdan nga mapaduol ta sa daghang mga sakit. Mga sakit sama aning mga sakit sa kasingkasing, diabetes, sobra sa pagkatambok, kanser sa tinae ug totoy, altapresyon, osteoporosis ug sobrang pagkamagulanon. Kailangan ang ehersisyo ug pisikal nga mga aktibidad para malikayan ang kining mga sakita.
Ang pisikal nga aktibidad kay kining mga pagadlaw-adlaw natong buluhaton nato sa atong mga panimalay sama sa panghugas sa plato, pagpanilhig ug panglimpyo sa balay. Uban pud ani ang mga ginabuhat nato sa gawas sa balay sama sa pagpnilhig sa mga sagbot ug uban pa. Tungod sa mga automatic nga mga appliances nga na.a na sa atong mga panimalay, naminosan na ang pisikal na mga aktibidad sa mga tao.
Ang pag-ehersisyo kay mga aksyon nga ginabuhat nga atoang gipagplanohan. Kini ang mga nagabalik-balik nga mga nilihokan para mamantinar ang pagkahimsog sa atoang lawas. Ang paglakaw-lakaw o pagjogging ang mga halimbawa sa pagehersisyo. Ang ubang mga tao kay nagarason nga wala silay oras o walay mga opurtinidad para magehersisyo. Ang kining mga paghunahuna ang maoy makapaduol sa kinabuhing walay ehersisyo.
D. Pagkaon ug dili Masustansiyang PagkaonMao kini ang pagkaon ug mga kalan-on na dili sakto para ma-ilisan ang mga nutrisyon na nagamit na sa atong lawas sa pang adlaw-adlaw na buluhaton. Ang sige ug kaon aning mga pagkauna maka resulta ug mga sakit sama sa altapresyon, diabetes ug malnutrisyon.
Adunay pulo ka gi-rekomenda nga pamaagi ang DOH para sa masustansiya nga pagkaon, kung masunod kani nga mga pamaagi, mas dali malikayan ang mga sakit sama sa diabetes ug altapresyon:
1. Pagkaon ug klase-klase nga pagkaon kada-adlaw
2. Pagpasuso sa mga puya nga bata sa sulod sa 4-6 ka bulan
3. Pagmintinar sa pagtubo sa mga bata ug pagpakaon ug mga masustansiyang pagkaon
4. Pagkaon sa mga isda, karne, ug uban pang pagkaon nga naay protina
5. Pagkaon ug gulay ug prutas
6. Pagkaon ug mga pagkaon nga gi-prito ug mantika kada-adlaw
7. Pag-inom ug gatas o pagkaon sa mga pagkaon nga makapalig-on sa bukog sama sa gagmay nga mga isda, ug mga gulay
8. Pag-gamit sa asin nga naay iodine o iodized salt pero dili magpalabi ug kaon ug parat nga mga pagkaon
9. Pagkaon sa limpyo nga pagkaon
10. Para sa himsug na pagkinabuhi, mag-ehersisyo kada adlaw, dili manigarilyo, ug dili muinom ug alkohol
V. Different Lifestyle Diseases
Adunay upat ka matang nga mga sakit nga muresulta gumikan sa pagkinabuhi nga layo sa kahimsog sama sa panabako o panigarilyo, pagkaon ug mga dilimasustansiya nga mga pagkaon, ug pakinabuhi nga walay ehersisyo. Kining mga sakita mao and haypertensiyon o Altapresyon, diabetes, COPD, ug Cancer.
A. Haypertensiyon o Alta-Presyon
Ang haypertensyion, usa ka sakit diin taas ang presyon sa dugo. Atong masulti nga ang tawo adunay haypertensiyon kung ang imabaw nga presyon mulapaw sa siyento kwarenta (140)o ang ilalom nga presiyon sa dugo mulapaw sa nobyenta(90). Kalagmitan, mao kini hinungdan sa stroke, ataki sa kasing-kasing ug uban pang grabe nga sakit.
4. Enumerate correctly 3 signs and symptoms of cardiovascular diseases
5. Give correctly at least 2 ways to avoid cardiovascular
1. Hinungdan
Daghang makaingon aning haypertension. Ang mga hinungdan nga ang tawo magkahaypertensiyon mao ang dili himsog nga pagkinabuhi sama sa panigarilyo, pagkaon ug mga asgad nga pagkaon, walay ehersisyo ug paglihok-lihok, pag-inom ug mga bino ug beer, mga kahasol sa kinabuhi nga wala naresolbahan, og ang mga nasobraan sa katambok. Aduna po’y lain nga hinungdan sa haypertensiyon sama sa diabetes, kaliwat, taas ug kolesterol, sakit sa kidney, stroke ug kanang magkagulang na.
2. Pagkontrol ug Pagprebintar o Pagpugong sa Haypertensiyon
Maprebentahan ug makontrol ang haypertensiyon pinaagi sa mga misunod:
Pagkontrol sa timbang Pag-undang sa panigarilyo. Pag- usob ug pagminimar sa pagkaon. Dili magpasulabi ug kaon ug mga tammbok ug mga asgad nga pagkaon. Pag-ehersisyo kada adlaw sama sa paglakaw, mmagbike-bike, majogging. Makatabang kini sa pagkontrol sa timbang g palig-on ug
pataas sa stamina sa kasingkasing. Pag-undang sa pag- inom ug mga bino ug beer.
B. Coronary artery Disease
Kini us aka sakit sa kasing-kasing kun diin walay tarong na supply ug dugo nga maka-agi niini. Tungod kini sa pagka-bara sa kasing-kaing mao ng kulang ang oxygen ug dugo na muabot sa atong kasing-kasing. Ug kung kulang ang supply sa atong dugo ug oxygrn sa atong kasing0kasing, pwede kitang ma stroke, ug atakihon, ug pwede kini ikamatay.
C. Cerebrovascular Disease or Stroke
Ang stroke us aka condtion kun diin naay paglahi sa normal na pag-gana sa lawas agi sad sa kulang ug supply sa dugo sa lain-laing parte sa utok. Ang atong utok, nanginahanglan ug sapat na supply ug oxygen ug dugo, kung kini dili sapat tungod sa pagkabara sa mga ugat padulong sa utok, mamatay and parte sa utok na walay supply. Mao kini ang rason na ang mga tawo na niagi aning stroke, ang
diseases for each type
6. Appreciate the different ways to avoid cardiovascular diseases
uban, dili malihok ang us aka parte sa lawas ug dli maka isturya, naa pud tanan ang dili malihok, tungod kini kay ang parte sa utok nila kay naapektuhan na. naay uban na maka-lihok balik, naa puy permanente ang pagka-paralisado. Dili sad natong kalimtan na makamatay sad ning stroke.
D. Cancer
Unsa man ang cancer?
Ang cancer dili kini usa ra ka sakit, kini adunay lain-lain nga klase nga sakit o komplikasyon. Adunay cancer kung usa nga parte sa atong lawas wala ga trabaho og sakto. Sa atong pagka batan-on, ang atong lawas mayo pa kayo ang pag trabaho pero mag kagulang ta, mag kahinay kini. Ang mga tawo nga may mubo ug resistensya ang kasagaran nga mag ka kanser o kanang mga tawo mga nay dili maayo ug mga ginabuhat sa pang adlaw-adlaw sama sa pag tabako, pag inom ug bino, ang pag dili mo kaon ug mga pagkaon nga naa’y insaktong nutrisyon, ug ang pag kulang sa ehersisyo.
Epidemiology:
Wala’y gina pili nga edad ang mga tawo nga mag ka cancer. Sa Pilipinas, ang edad nga kasagaran nga magka cancer ang edad nga 50 pataas.
Intervention:
Ang pagtambal sa cancer nga depende sa unsa nga klase nga cancer ang naa sa usa ka tawo, kung unsa na kjini ka grabehon, ug ni kalat nab a kini sa lain-lain nga bahin sa lawas.
14. Enumerate correctly all the warning signs of cancer
15. Give correctly at least 4 ways to avoid cancer
16. Verbalize appreciation on the different ways to avoid Cancer
Kung ang cancer, wala pa nikalat sa lain-0lain nga bahin sa lawas, ang pagtambal pinaagi sa surgery ang kinahanglan. Kung ang cancer, nag kalat na sa lain-laing bahin sa lawas sa usa ka tawo, unya dili na kini matabang sa surgery, ang radiation ug
chemotherapy ang ginagamit nato.
Prevention:
Ang dili o paglikay sa pag tabaco. Ang dili pag inom ug bino. Ang pag kaon sa mga pagakon ng sakto ug nutrisyon. Ang pag hugas sa kamot sa dili pa mo kaon. Insakto nga oras sa pag tulog. Ang pag ehersisyo ug 45 minutos matag adlaw. Ang paglikay sa pag init sa adlaw, mag gamit ug “sunblock”.
NINE WARNING SIGNS OF CANCER:
C - Change in blood bowel or bladder habits.
A – A sore that does not heal
U – Unusual bleeding or discharge
T – Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
I – Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
O – Obvious change in wart or mole
N – Nagging cough or hoarseness
U – Unexplained anemia
S – Sudden unexplained weight loss
E. Diabetes MellitusAng diyabitis usa ka sakit nga makuha sa dili maayo nga pagkinabuhi. Kini makuha usab sa mga tawo nga adunay kaliwat
nga mga diyabitison. Kini nga sakit mao ang usa ka hinungdan sa pagkadaot sa mga tawo nga nag-edad ug kwarenta-e- singko(45). Ang kalagmitan nga mga sintomas mao ang abnormal nga pagsingot, taod- taod nga pagpangihi, paghugno sa timbang. Ug katol-katol
1. Hinungdan
Daghan ang hinungdan sa diyabetes, hilakip na niini ang kaliwat, edad, samot na magkagulang, ang mga baye ug menopause. Gawas sa gipanghisgutan ganiha, aduna pa’y uban nga mga hinungdan sa diyabitis sama sa pagkaon ug mga pagkaon nga taas ug cholesterol, daghang tambok, taas ug calories, gamay ra ug hibla ug mga pagkaon nga asgad, kanang mga tambok kaayo, mga hinabako, mga palainom ug beer og bino, ug mga tawong walay ehersisyo. Kining tanan makaingon sa diyabitis.
2. Pagkontrol ug Pagprebintar o Pagpugong sa Diyabitis
Haron makalikay sa sakit nga diyabitis, and mga tawo samot na kadtong mga taas ug risgo nga maagkadiyabitis, kinahanglan nga magmintinar sa normal nga timbang, mukaon sa intsaktong nutrisyon, ug mag- ehersisyo adlaw-adlaw. Kinahanglan mukaon ug mga pagkaon nga daghan ug mga hibla, minos-minosan ang mga asgad ug mga tambok nga pagkaon. Likayan ang mga tam-is nga pagkaon sama sa cake, cookies, ug mga chicheria. Kinahanglan nga undangan na ang panigarilyo mintras dili pa ulahi ang tanan.
7. Enumerate correctly the 3 signs and symptoms of diabetes
8. Give correctly at least 3 ways to avoid diabetes
F. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Ang COPD o chronic obstructive pulmonary disease usa ka sakit diin limitado ang pag- agi sa hangin ug kalagmitan, magkagrabe kini. Ang baga mmuagi ug permanente nga pagkausob nga muresulta sa lain- lain nga klase sa pagginhawa ug paghungak o pagkutas. Mao ne ang rason nganong maglisod ug ginhawa ug magsige ug ubo-ubo ang tawo nga aduna niining sakita.
Adunay duha ka klaase nga COPD. Kini mao ang emphysema og and chronic bronchitis. Kining duha, pareho nga resulta sa pagpanigarilyo.
1. Hinungdan
Ang nag- unang hinungdan sa COPD mao ang pagpanigarilyo. Bisan dili manigarilyo mura rag gihapun ka nanigarilyo kung ikaw makahanggab sa aso sa mga nanigarilyo. Ang abog gumikan sa trabaho ug polusyon sa hangin mga hinungdan usab sa COPD. Gawas sa gipanghisgutan ganiha, aduna po’y tawo nga naay kaliwat niining sakita.
2. Pagkontrol ug Pagprebintar o Pagpugong sa COPD
Ang makatabang pagpribintar og pagkontrol sa COPD mao ang mga misunod:
Pag- undang sa pagpanigarilyo ug paglikay sa mga aso sa sigarilyo diha sa palibot. Paglikay sa mga butang nga makairitar sa baga og impeksiyon Paglikay sa mga butang nga makaallergy sama sa abog, aso, bulak, ug mga balahibo. Pagkaon ug maayo ug instaktong nutrisyon. Pag-inom ug daghang tubig. Pagmintinar sa instakto ug oraml nga timbang. Pag- ehersisyo para palig-on sa mga kaunoran. Paglikay sasobrang init o sobrang bugnaw nga mga temperature.
5. Open Forum
9. Verbalize appreciation on the different ways to avoid diabetes
10. Explain satisfactorily on their own words what is COPD
11. Enumerate correctly 3 signs and symptoms of COPD
12. Give correctly at least 3 ways to avoid COPD
13. Verbalize appreciation on the different ways to avoid COPD
Purok Mongo
Structured Health Teaching on Personal Hygiene Measures
Placement: Barangay Mongo (Volleyball court area)Time Allotment: 30 min.Topic Description: This topic embarks to explain and demonstrate the different characteristic of personal hygiene. It includes the discussion on personal hygiene measures which
includes skin, teeth and mouth care and some portions of environmental sanitation measures.Central Objectives: Within the 30 minutes of discussion, the learners shall be able to enhance knowledge, develop beginning skills and manifest desirable attitudes in performing
personal hygiene and environmental sanitation measures into their everyday lives.
Specific Objectives ContentGiven the necessary information about Personal Hygiene Measures (saktong paglimpyo sa kaugalingon) with adequate visual aids, at the end of 30minutes of health teaching, the learners shall be able:
• Verbalize appreciation on the importance of personal hygiene
I. Prayer
II. Personal Hygiene (Paglimpyo sa kaugalingon)
Ang paglimpyo sa kaugalingon o Hygiene kay ang siyensia sa saktong pagmaintenar sa atong mga lawas kada adlaw. Ang mga labot sa hygiene kay ang saktong pagligo, pangasilyas og pagpabarog sa kaugalingon. Kaning paglimpyo sa kaugalingon kay personal natong pang atimahon. Labot kini sa pagpalimpyo sa panit, buhok, tango, mata, ug dalunggan.
III. The Skin (Ang Panit)
Ang panit kay ang pinakadako nga parte sa atong lawas. Naa kini upat kafunctions o trabaho sa panit:
A. Pagproteksiyon sa lawas kontra sa hugaw ug kagawAng mga kagaw kay dili kini basta-basta makasulod sa atong panit, makasulod lang kini kung masamad kita. Ang panit pud nato kay dili pud masudlan ug tubig ug hugaw. Dapat natong hinumdomon nga ang atong panit dili dapat masamad para malikayan ang mga sakit. And saktong pag-aliman paagi sa pagligo ug pagkaon ug sakto kay maka maintain sa kaayuhan sa panit. Kung masamad man kini, dali kining hugasan ug tubig ug sabon dayon tabunan dayon.
B. Pagregular sa kainit sa lawasUsa pud sa trabaho sa panit kay ang pagregulate o pag-adjust sa kainit sa lawas. Kung init kaayo ang panahon, makabantay ta nga panington kita. Usa kini ka pamaagi nga mabugnawan ang atong panit. Makapabugnaw ang pag-evaporate o pagmala sa singot. Kung bugnaw pud ang panahon, makabantay ta nga mangurog kita, kanang pagpangurog, usa na kapaagi nga manginit ang atong lawas.
C. Transmit sensationsAng atong panit kay usa sa pinaka-sensitibong parte sa atong lawas. Paagi sa panit, makabantay ta ug kainit, kabugnaw, kasakit ug uban pa.
D. Paggamit ug mga bitamina (vit.D conjugation)Ang katapusang trabaho sa atong panit kay ang pag-absorb o pagpaaktibo sa bitamina D. Ang bitamina D ay usa ka bitamina nga kinahanglan nato sa saktong pagfunction ug pagsuporta sa atong kabukugan. Kung wala kita ani kay dili kita magpainit, pwede nga muhumok and atong mga kabukugan.
SKIN CARE PRACTICES - Ang maayong pagamping sa atong pamanit: Ang kahapsay sa pamanit maoy lingtonganan sa kahimsog sa pamanit sa usa ka tawo.
- Sa tanang panahon kinahanglan pagampingan ang pamanit, way kakulian sama sa samad ug iritasyon. Likayan ang pagkalot sa panit gamit sa taas og hugaw nga kuko.
Ang panit nga sige gabasa kay pwede kapuyan sa kagaw.- Kung mabasa, kinahanglan pamalhon dayon. Pagtagad sa pagpamala sa ilok, sa bulog, ug sa tiil para malimpyo gayod ang lawas. Kung mamala na, mahimo nang pulbusan.
Manimaho ang usa ka tawo tungod sa kagaw nga naa sa panit.- Ang pagkalimpyo kayang pinakaipiktimong deodorant. Daghang mga commercial nga deodorant nga atong pwede magait paghuman ug kaligo. Duna puy tawas nga barato ug sayon pagamit.
Saktong PagkaligoAng pagkaligo kay makatangtang sa hugaw, singot, patay nga panit, ug kagaw. Pero likayan pud ang sigeng kaligo nga mulabi sa tulo sa usa ka adlaw, kay pwede kini makamala sa panit, kung mamala ang panit, dali ra kini masamad.Ang pagkaligo, makatabang ug patarong sa sirkulasyon sa dugo sa atong lawas. Ang init-init nga tubig kay makaparelax sa kaunuran ug sa kasing-kasing.
• Pagpaligo ug puyaAng pagtapo gamit sa sibin sa puya kay kinahanglan himuon kada adlow. Paghuman sa pagkaligo, ang bata kay dapat pamalhon dayon. Ang puya kay dili pa karegulate o kaadjust sa temperatura, mao dali mamugnaw ang mga puya kumpara sa dako na nga bata.
• Pagpaligo sa mga bataKung ang bata kay dako-dako na, angay sila suguon pagkaligo sa ilang kaugalingion. Dapat hinumdoman nga dili sila biyaan kung sila lang maligo.
• Describe the parts of the teeth and ways to protect their teeth
• Pagpaligo sa mga batan-onAng mga batan-on kay gadali sila ug dako, ang ilang mga sweat glands o parte sa panit nga maghimo sa singot kay mudaghan. Ang pasabot, sige na sila ug panington bisan gamay ra ug lihok. Dapat kita mugamit ug deodorant o tawas inog human ug ligo.
• Pagpaligo sa katigulanganKung magkatigulang ang usa ka tawo, ang mga functions o trabaho sa panit kay magkahinay ug kawala. Ang panit kay mas dali mamala ug masamad, mas jutay nga singot, ug dili na kini mas-sensitibo kaysa sauna.Dapat mugamit ug sabon nga mild o sabon nga wala kaayoy humot kay kini dili makamala dayon sa panit. Pwede pud mu gamit ug lotion kung mabantayang mala na ang panit.Kung maligo kita ug unit-unit, dapat kini i-double check, kay dili na kaayo sensitibo ang panit sa pagbantay sa kainit o kabugnaw sa usa ka butang.
IV. Teeth and mouth care (Paglimpyo sa tango ug sa baba) Saktong pag-toothbrush
Kung ang bata maabot na ug 2 ka-tuig, naa nana siyay 20 ka temporary o dili permanente na ngipon. Pag-abot niya ug 6 o 7 ka-tuig, magkahinay-hinay nana ug kailis ug 31 ka permanente ka ngipon. Mailisan ang tanang ngipon pagabot sa ika 25 anyos.Dapat kada-adlaw, ang atong ngipon ug lagos kay mastimulate paagi sa saktong pag toothbrush ug pagmumog.
(Demonstration on proper tooth brushing) Dapat mag toothbrush kada human ug kaon og sa dili pa matulog. Tabangi ang mga bata sa pag limpyo ug pag-inspeksiyon sa ila baba ug
ngipon. Dapat kita mukaon ug mga masustansya nga pagkaon na daghang Calcium sama sa gatas ug green nga utanon. Kay kini sila makatabang sa
pag-maintenar sa ngipon. Dapat dili sobrahon ang pagkaon ug mga tamis. Dapat igo-igo ra, ug magmumog dayon. Mukaon pud kita ug mga prutas ug mga utanon, kay kini silbi usa ka natural na panglimpyo sa atong mga ngipon kung mu-usap kita. Dapat kita mag pa check-up sa atong nga dentista kada 6 ka bulan. (aduna kitay libre nga Dental Service sa Valencia Heath Center kada
Lunes ug Martes. Muhatag sila ug serbisyo sama sa: libreng check-up, pagpapasta, pag-ibot ug tango, ug paghimo ug postiso)
V. Ice Breaker (hygiene song)
• Demonstrate the proper way of hand washing
VI. Hand washing (saktong paghugas sa kamot)
Bas-on sa ang tibuok kamot sa gaagas nga tubig. Hugasan ang sabon dayon saboni ug tarong ang tibuok kamot, apilon ang likod sa kamot, sa tunga-an sa mga daliri, ug pulsohan. Hugasan balik ang sabon mahuman na ug gamit ug ibalik tarong sa sudlanan. Inog human, hugasan napud balik ang tibuok kamot ug tubig, siguraduha nga mahugasan ang tanang parte sa kamot nga anaay sabon. Kung grabe gani ang kahugaw sa kamot, pwede usbon napud ang paggamit ug sabon sa tibuok kamot aron masigurado gyud ang pagtang-tang sa tanang kagaw o hugaw. Mahuman na ug hugas, atong paugahon ang kamot gamit ang bisag unsa nga labakara nga limpyo ug siguraduha nga matrapuhan ang tanang kamot ug mauga kini. Ang maayong paghugas sa kamot dapat maabtan ug 10 ka Segundo o dugay pa. Pwede pud kita mugamit ug ‘happy birthday’ nga kanta para sa pagtyming sa paghugas sa kamot.
Benepisyo sa paghugas sa kamot: Aron mapagamay ang mga kagaw og hugaw-hugaw sa kamot. Aron mapagamyan og malikayan na mabalhin ang kagaw sa ubang tawo. Aron mapagamay ang tyansa na magbalhin-balhin ang sakit sa biskan kinsang tawo. Aron mapagamay ang tyansa na mabalhin ang kagaw sa ubang parte sa kaugalingong lawas.
VII. Environmental sanitation (Paglimpyo sa palibot)
Ang maayong paglimpyo sa kaugalingong lawas ug palibot ay isa sa mga maayong paagi aron malikayan ang nagkalain-laing inpeksyon sa panit, mata, tina-e, baga, og tibuok lawas nga pwede makuha tungod sa mga kagaw og hugaw na mga butang.
Angay bulohaton sa paglimpyo:
• Sa balay
1. Likayan nato na makasulod ang baboy sa balay og uban pang lugar nga kung asa gadula ang mga bata kay tungod ini posibleng mabalhin ang kagaw og sakit gikan sa baboy paingon sa sulod sa balay og pwede pud matakdan ang bata.
2. Dili pud nato pasagdan ang mga iro, iring, ug uban pang mga binuhi nga tilap-tilapan ang mga bata og muadto o musaka sa ibabaw sa katre, kay posible pud sa ing-ani nga pamaagi sila makatakod ug sakit.
3. Kung naa man gani tae sa bata og iro o iring nga duol sa balay atong limpyohan dayon. Maayo pud na tudluan sila sa maayong paggamit ug kasilyas ug arenola ug kung wala man gani maayo pud ang paggama ug bangag o hukay diin pwede kini tabunan human sa pagkalibang.
• Verbalize understanding on the importance of the keeping the environment safe in relation to personal health
4. Maayo pud na ihalay pirmi ang mga habol og panapton sa ilalom sa init sa adlaw aron mamatay ang mga kagaw. Kung naa pud ni mga uk-uk, bubuan sa kini ug gabukal nga tubig usa hugasan og labhan ug ihalay kini dayon.
5. Maayo pud na pirmi lusa-an og kwa-an og mga kuto ang tibuok bata og miyembro sa pamilya nga naay kuto og lusa kay posible pud ni sila makadala ug mga sakit-sakit. Importante pud na dili pasudlon sa balay ang mga iro o iring nga naay kuto og lusa.
6. Ang isa ka tawo nga gamasakit sama anang gi-ubo ay dapat dili muluwa sa salog ug bisan asa kay posible pud ni nga mahimong pamaagi na mabalhin ang sakit sa uban. Maayo pud nga tabunan ang baba gamit ang kamot og panyo kung mu-ubo labi na kung ga-atubang ug laing tawo.
7. Importante pud na limpyohan ang atong panimalay pirmi sama anang silhigan ang salog, bung-bong, ug mga ilalom sa lingkuranan og sofa. Maayo pud na atong tabunan ang mga bangag-bangag og krak sa salog og bung-bong aron dili mapuy-an sa mga uk-uk ug mga hugaw-hugaw.
• Sa pagkaon ug tubig
1. Ang tanan nga tubig labi na atong gikan sa bisag asa na gripo og poso lang, maayo na ato sa kining ipabukal usa imnon, importante kini labi na sa mga gagmay na bata nga ang kalibanga, hepa, cholera, og typhoid ay pinaka-common sa ilaha. Kay ang uban tubig labi na anang gikan ra sa bangag og sapa, bisan pa limpyo tan-awon posible lang gihapon na magdala kini ug sakit.
2. Dili nato dapat pasagdan na ang mga langaw, uk-uk, ug uban pang insekto nga mupatong ug mutugpa sa ibabaw sa pagkaon kay may tyansa na gadala pud ni sila ug mga sakit-sakit. Ang maayo na buhaton ani, dili nato pasagdan nga naay mga mahabilin na pagkaon bisan asa ug pasagdan ang mga plato na wala nahugasan, ug maayo pud nga anaay taklob ug panabon sa mga nahabilin na pagkaon.
3. Usa kaunon ang mga prutas nga nahulog gikan sa punuan sa kahoy, maayo na hugasan sa kini. Dili pud dapat pasagdan na mamunit ang mga bata ug bisag unsa ra nga prutas ug pagkaon nga nahulog kay sa posible pud nga nahugawan na kini ug naa nay kagaw.
4. Importante pud na tarungon ug luto ang mga karne kay posible pud na ang hilaw na karne naa pud dalang sakit nga pwede mabalhin sa tawo kung wala kini matarong ug luto.
5. Dili pud maayo na kaonon pa ang mga pagkaon nga lain na ug baho og karaan na kay posible kini nga makalason sa atong lawas. Maayo pud na ato sa lantawon ug tarong ang mga pagkaon na de-lata ug trapuhan usa nato abrehan ug kaonon.
6. Ang tawo pud nga adunay TB o tuberculosis, gi-sipon og naa pay uban sakit nga makatakod na ang ilang plato ug kutsara nga gigamit kay lainon o bulagon sa ubang mga plato ug kutsara nga gigamit sa ubang tawo nga walay sakit. Maayo pud na pabukalan sa init nga tubig ang ila gigamit na kutsara ug plato usa ipagamit sa ubang tawo.
Igsaktong amoma sa mga himsog1. Ibulag ug tulganan sa bata nga gamasakit, gi-kuto, ug naay mga katol-katol sa panit ug uban pang sakit nga makatakod sama anang
ubo nga sunod-sunod, tigdas, ug sip-on, sa ubang bata nga walay sakit. Ug dapat dili sila ipaduol sa mga gagmay ug bag-ong gipanganak na bata.
2. Protektahan ang mga bata laban sa Tuberculosis/TB. Ang mga tawo nga dugay ng gi-ubo og naay uban na simtomas nga makita sa tawo nga anaay TB, nga kinahanglan sila magtabon ug baba kung sila mu-ubo. Dili pud sila dapat itapad ug tulog og mas maayo ibulag nalang sila ug kwarto sa mga bata. Kinahanglan sila muduol sa barangay health worker aron matambalan sa pinaka dali nga panahon.
3. Liguan ang mga bata, ilisdan ug sinina, ug putlan ang kuko kada adlaw ug kung kanus-a gyud kinahanglanon kay ang mga kagaw posible manago sa mga kukuhan nga posibleng mahimo pamaagian na mabalhin ang sakit sa uban.
4. Tambalan ang mga bata nga naay makatakod nga sakit sa pinkadali nga panahon aron malikayan na makatakod sila sa uban.5. Sunda tanan ang mga pamaagi kabahin sa maayong paglimpyo. Dili lang kini para sa mga tigulang, maayo pud na apilon ang mga
batan-on ang tugduluan sila kabahin ani ug ang importansya ini aron sila pud makatabang.6. Siguraduha nga makakuha ang mga bata ug saktong nutrisyon aron makalikay sila ug mga sakit-sakit. Kay ang bata nga sakto sa
nutrisyon mas dali makalikay ug mga sakit kumparar sa bata nga walay saktong nutrisyon.
• Open Forum
Purok Mani
Structured Health teaching on Environmental Sanitation
TOPIC: Environmental SanitationTOPIC DESCRIPTION: This topic deals with the concept about environmental sanitation, its relevance and impact to the people. Also it talks about the different environmental health programs within the local health departments, the nurse’s role in taking care of the human environment and also preventing health problems from occurring due to poor sanitation. ROTATION: COPARTIME ALLOTMENT: 1 HOUR
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
CONTENT TA T-L ACTIVITIES EVALUATION
Given specific resources. The learner shall be able to:
Define environment, sanitation and environmental health
Identify the different factors that contributes to the health problem of the environment
Adequately discuss the different programs on environmental sanitation and its policies
Identify some of the nurse’s role in
I. INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION
Environmental sanitation is still a health problem in the country. Diarrheal diseases ranked second in the leading causes of morbidity among the general population. Other sanitation related diseases are tuberculosis, intestinal parasitism, schistosomiasis, malaria, infectious hepatitis, filariasis, and dengue hemorrhagic fever which are controlled and/or eradicated by health programs with environmental sanitation components but still affecting a great number of the population.
II. DEFINITION OF TERMSA. Environment- the conditions within which people live and workB. Sanitation- the promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by
maintaining health enhancing conditionsC. Environmental Health- a branch of public health concerned with
assessing and controlling the impacts of people on their environment and the impacts of the environment on them
III. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AREAS OF CONCERN
A.) AIR POLLUTION For many centuries people have known that air quality affects human
health. Pollution refers to the act of contaminating or defiling the environment so that it negatively affect people’s health. Air pollution is
5 min.
5 min.
10 min.
Lecture dicussion
Socialized Discussion
Socialized Discussion using powerpoint slides
Active Participation
Oral Evaluation
Active Participation
safeguarding the environment
Enumerate ways to prevent health problems caused by environmental hazards
now recognized as one of the most hazardous sources of chemical contamination. Most air pollution results from industrial and automotive emissions. Pollutants include ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and particulates such as dust and ash. The list of diseases and symptoms of ill health associated with specific air pollutants is lengthy, ranging from minor nose and throat irritations, respiratory infections, and bronchial asthma, to emphysema, cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and genetic mutations.
B.) WATER POLLUTION Water is such an essential element to human survival that the
available quantity and quality of water within a community becomes a prime environmental health issue. In the middle ages, disease epidemics spread as people drank water contaminated by human waste; this is still a problem in developing countries today. Water has many uses other than consumption by humans.
The major concern with regard to water is its purity. Water can be contaminate and made unsafe for drinking in many different ways (Seymour, 1990). Three of which are: Water may be infected with bacteria or parasites which cause disease Toxic substances introduced by humans into water systems are
another source of water pollution and include farming pesticides as well as other chemicals which may contaminate streams, lakes and wells
Pollutants may upset the ecosystem affecting natural organisms which help purify water systems
C.) UNHEALTHY OR CONTAMINATED FOOD This describes how the supply of food, particularly the quality of that
food, is affected by the environment, and what health hazards are associated with food. Contaminated food pose a serious health problem. Food may contain harmful bacteria such as Salmonella enteretidis. Foods get contaminated by its source, like an animal which has a disease. Foods
can also be contaminated by water which we use to wash the food and also the place where we store them.
D.) WASTE DISPOSAL There are two subtypes of waste disposal. These are the disposal of
human waste and the other is the disposal of garbage. One of the oldest environmental health hazards comes from improper disposal of human excreta. Although industrialized nations successfully address the problem, it continues to be a wide-spread problem in developing nations and in rural poverty-stricken communities. Human wastes, particularly feces, provide a perfect environment in which bacteria and disease-causing parasites can live and reproduce. Therefore, contaminated drinking water, food grown in contaminated soil and even direct contact with the soil can cause infection.
In the other hand, dumping and burning are the most common solid waste disposal methods. Dumping is problematic because garbage dumps provide perfect conditions for the breeding of rats, flies, and other disease-carrying organisms and may potentially be a source of water contamination from run-off. Burning, although it reduces the volume of garbage, produces noxious odors and pollutes the air.
E.) INSECT AND RODENT CONTROL All human communities are affected by the insects and rodents living
in their environment. Not only ate these creatures a nuisance in people’s homes, but they may cause economic damage and create serious health hazards as well. On the least dangerous level they serve as annoying pests that may cause irritation. They can also pose a direct threat to health through such things as attacks by diseased rats or squirrels. They can consume and in turn, contaminate food. But by the far most serious health hazard that they impose is through their role as vectors which are nonhuman carriers of disease organisms that can transmit these organisms directly to humans.
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROGRAMS WITHIN LOCAL HEALTH DEPARTMENTS
A. WATER
a.1. WATER SUPPLY SANITATION PROGRAM
There has been a steady increase in the number of household having access to safe water supply sources. However, insufficient knowledge and inappropriate practice in the handling of water from the source to the storage point in the house could contaminate drinking water. People who get drinking water from the pipe water facilities are not exempted from diarrheal disease contraction particularly those that are served with old worn-out pipes that suck in sewage or filt through cracks and joints of the pipes.
Policies: APPROVED TYPES OF WATER SUPPLY FACILITIES
LEVEL I (Point Source)-a protected well or a developed sprig with an outlet but without a distribution system, generally adaptable for rural areas where the house are thinly scattered.-normally serves around 15 to 25 households and its outreach must not be more than 250 meters from the farthest user.
LEVEL 2 (Communal Faucet System or Stand-Posts)-a system composed of a source a reservoir, a piped distribution network and communal faucets, located at not more than 25 meters from the farthest house.-deliver 40-80 liters of water per capital per day to an average of 100 households, with one faucet per 4 to 6 households.
LEVEL 3 (Waterworks System or Individual House Connections)
15 min. Lecture Discussion with handouts
Enumerates 3 out of 5
-a system with a source, a reservoir, a piped distributor network and household taps.-generally suited for densely populated urban areas. This type of facility requires a minimum treatment of disinfection.
UNAPPROVED TYPE OF WATER FACILITY-water coming from doubtful sources such as open dug wells, unimproved springs, wells that needs priming and the like shall not be allowed for drinking water unless treated through proper container disinfection. The community must exert effort to convert to approved type of water supply.
ACCESS TO SAFE AND POTABLE DRINKING WATER-all households shall be provided with safe and adequate water supply.
WATER QUALITY AND MONITORING SURVEILLANCE-every municipality through its Rural Health Units must formulate an operational plan for quality and monitoring surveillance every year using the area program based approach.-the examination of drinking water shall be performed only in private or government laboratories duly accredited by the DOH.-Disinfection of water supply sources are required on the following:
Newly constructed water supply facilities Water supply facility that has been repaired/improved Water supply sources found to be positive bacteriologically by
laboratory analysis Container disinfection of drinking water collected from a water
facility that is subject to recontamination like open dug wells, unimproved springs and surface water
WATERWORKS/WATER SYSTEM AND WELL CONSTRUCTION
-well sites shall require the prior approval of the Secretary of Health or his
duly authorized representative-well construction shall comply to sanitary requirements of the DOH-water supply system shall supply safe and potable water in adequate quantity-water shall be made readily available to consumers/users preferably through water piped direct to homes to minimize contamination and encourage personal and home sanitation-adequate pressure and volume shall be provided in the water system distribution line
a.2. WATER POLLUTION CONTROL- to ensure the cooperation with state water pollution control agencies and that surface and subsurface water supplies meet all state and local standards and regulations for water quality.
B. AIR
b.1. AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT-to ensure a community air resource conducive to good health, that will not injure plant or animal life or property that will be esthetically desirable
C. PROPER EXCRETA AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL PROGRAM It is significant to note that there has been an increase in the
proportion of households having sanitary toilet facilities both in the urban and rural areas but there is also an increase in the absolute number of persons, which do not have an access to sanitary toilet facilities. Health surveys reveal that there is under utilization of sanitary toilet facilities in the sense that the mothers still allow their children to move their bowel elsewhere despite of the presence of toilets in their own homes.
POLICIES
APPROVED TYPES OF TOILET FACILITIES
LEVEL 1-non-water carriage toilet facility – no water is necessary to wash the waste into the receiving space. Examples are pit latrines, reed odorless earth closet.- toilet facilities requiring small amount of water to wash the waste into the receiving space. Examples are pour flush toilet and aqua privies.
LEVEL 2- on site toilet facilities of the water carriage type with water-sealed and flush type with septic vault/tank disposal facilities
LEVEL 3-water carriage types of toilet facilities connected to septic tanks and/or to sewerage system to treatment plant.-in rural areas, the “blind drainage” type of wastewater collection and disposal facility shall continue to be the emphasis until such time that sewer facilities and off-site treatment facilities shall be made available to clustered houses in rural areas-conventional sewerage facilities are to be promoted for construction in “Poblacions” and cities in the country as developmental objectives to attain control and prevention of fecal-water-borne diseases
c.1. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT-to ensure that all solid wastes are stored, collected, transported, and disposed of in a manner that does not create health, safety or esthetic problems
c.2. LIQUID WASTE MANAGEMENT-to ensure the treatment of liquid wastes in such a manner as to prevent problems of sanitation, public health nuisances or pollution
c.3. TOXIC AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
-to ensure that toxic and hazardous wastes are stored, collected, transported and disposed of in a manner that does not create health or safety problems
D. HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT Disposal of infectious, pathological and other wastes from hospital
which combine them with municipal or domestic wastes pose health hazards to the people. Very few hospitals have treatment facilities like incinerators or disinfectants to prevent transmission o diseases brought by the hazardous hospital wastes. At this point, policies have been set to prevent the risk of contracting nosocomial and other diseases (diseases/illnesses that are acquired from staying in the hospital).
POLICIES
- All newly constructed/authorized and existing government and private hospitals shall prepare and implement a Hospital Waste Management Program as a requirement for registration/renewal of licenses
- Training of all hospital personnel involved in waste management shall be an essential part of hospital training program
- Public Information campaign on health and environmental hazard arising from mismanagement of hospital shall be the responsibility of hospital administration
- DOH Hospital Waste Management guidelines/policies shall be guided by existing legislative health and environmental protection laws/policies on waste management
E. FOOD PROTECTION -to ensure that all people are adequately protected from unhealthful or unsafe food or food products. This necessitates a comprehensive food protection program covering every facility where food or food products are stored, transported, processed, packaged, served or vended.
V. LAWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION
A. PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 856 CODE ON SANITATION
WHEREAS, the health of the people, being of paramount importance, all efforts of public services should be directed towards the protection and promotion of health; and
WHEREAS, the advance in the field of sanitation in recent years, there arises the need for updating and codifying our scattered sanitary laws to ensure that the are in keeping with modern standards of sanitation and provide a handy reference and guide for their enforcement;
B. PHILIPPINE CLEAN AIR ACT OF 1999
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 51 of Republic Act No. 8749, otherwise known as the "Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999," and by virtue of Executive Order No. 192, Series of 1987
Section 1. Title. - These Rules shall be known and cited as the "Implementing Rules and Regulations of the PhilippineCleanAirActof1999."
Section 2. Purpose. - The purpose of these Rules is to provide guidelines on the operationalization of the
Philippine Clean,Air.Act,of,1999.
Section 3. Scope . - These Rules shall lay down the powers and functions of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the Department of Transportation and Communication, the Department of Trade and Industry, the Department of Energy and all other concerned agencies, the rights and obligations of stakeholders and the rights and duties of the people with respect to the Air
10min. Lecture Discussion with handouts
Oral Evaluation
Quality Management and Control Program.
C. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6969 [AN ACT TO CONTROL TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS AND NUCLEAR WASTES PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES]
Section 1 Short Title This Act shall be known as the "Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990."
Section 2 Declaration of Policy It is the policy of the State to regulate, restrict or prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or the environment; to prohibit the entry, even in transit, of hazardous and nuclear wastes and their disposal into the Philippine territorial limits for whatever purpose; and to provide advancement and facilitate research and studies on toxic chemicals.
Section 3 ScopeThis Act shall cover the importation, manufacture, processing, handling, storage, transportation, sale, distribution, use and disposal of all unregulated chemical substances and mixtures in the Philippines, including the entry, even in transit, as well as the keeping or storage and disposal of hazardous and nuclear wastes into the country for whatever purpose.
D. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 3931 AN ACT CREATING THE NATIONAL WATER AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION
Section 1 Statement of PolicyIt is hereby declared a national policy to maintain reasonable standards of purity for the waters and of this country with their utilization for domestic,
agricultural, industrial and other legitimate purposes.
Section 2 DefinitionsAs used in this Act:
a. Pollution means such alteration of the physical, chemical and/or biological properties of any water and/or atmospheric air of the Philippines, or any discharge of any liquid, gaseous or solid substance into any of the waters and/or atmospheric air of the country as will or is likely to create or render such waters and/or atmospheric air harmful or detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational or other legitimate uses, or to livestock, wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life. b. Sewage means the water-carried human or animal wastes from residences, buildings, industrial establishments, or other places, together with such water infiltration and surface water as may be present. The admixture of sewage as above defined and industrial wastes or other wastes as hereafter defined, shall be considered sewage. c. Industrial waste means any liquid, gaseous or solid matter, or other waste substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manufacturing trade or business or from the development, processing or recovery of any natural resources. d. Other waste means garbage, refuse, wood residues, sand, lime, cinders, ashes, offal, night-oil, tar, dye stuffs, acids, chemicals, and other substances not sewage or industrial waste which may cause or tend to cause pollution or contribute to the pollution of the waters and/or atmospheric air of the Philippines. e. Sewage system or sewerage system means pipe lines or conduits, pumping stations, force mains, constructed drainage ditches, and all other construction, devices, and appurtenances used for collecting or
conducting sewage, and industrial waste or other wastes to a point of ultimate disposal or discharge. f. Treatment works means any methods, construction, device or appliances appurtenant thereto, installed for the purpose of treating neutralizing, stabilizing, disinfecting, or disposing of sewage, industrial waste or other wastes, or for the recovery of by-product from such sewage, industrial waste or other wastes.
VI. THE NURSE’S ROLE IN SAFEGUARDING THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT
The Nurse’s role is to:
1. Help detect ill effects of the environment on the health of man, and vice-versa.
2. Be informed and apply knowledge in daily work with individuals, families and/or community groups as to the data available on potential health hazards and ways to prevent and/or reduce them.
3. Be informed and teach preventive measures about health hazards due to environmental factors as well as about conservation of environmental resources to the individual, families, and/or community groups.
4. Work with health authorities in pointing out health care aspects and health hazards in existing human settlements and in the planning of new settlements
5. Assist communities in their action on environmental health problems6. Participate in research providing data for early warning and
prevention of harmful effects of the various environmental agents to which man is increasingly exposed; and research conducive to discovering ways and means of improving living and working
5minLecture discussion and cite specific situations from day to day events
Enumerate 5 roles orally
conditions.
VII. PREVENTING HEALTH PROBLEMS CAUSED BY ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
1. Having enough personnel and resources to investigate and respond to disease and injuries potentially caused by environmental hazards
2. Monitoring the population and its environment to detect hazards, exposures of the public and individuals to hazards, and diseases potentially caused by these hazards.
3. Monitoring the population and its environment to asses the effectiveness of prevention programs
4. Educating the public and select populations on the relationship between health and environment.
5. Ensuring that laws, regulations and practices protect the public and the environment from hazardous agents.
6. Providing public access to understandable and useful information on hazards and their sources, distribution and health effects.
7. Coordinating the efforts of all government agencies and nongovernmental groups responsible for environmental health
8. Providing adequate resources to accomplish these tasks.
VIII. EVALUATION (“CABBAGE GAME”)
5min
5min
Lecture Discussion
Oral Evalutation
Statistical Formula for Computing COPAR (Community Organizing Participatory Action Research):
A=(β ×∁ )2
Where: A = COPAR Experience
β = Family Nursing
∁= number of households in assigned purok
rom this formula, it explains what we have experienced during our rotation. It is some
what similar to the experience we had in our second year – taking care of single families.
When we were sophomore nursing students we have to take the B/P measurements of
the members of the household, doing urinalysis, shiatsu, ventusa, among others as well
as constant health education of what was necessary to maintain family health like proper hygiene,
environmental sanitation, common
illnesses like Diabetes,
Hypertension or even family planning.
The scope focuses on the family and
its health maintenance and
improvement.
F
When we talk about COPAR as
seen in the formula, you have to do
family nursing multiplied by the number of households. If your assigned purok has 30 households,
chances are you have conducted B/P, ventusa, shiatsu, etc. at least 30 times a week. Or say “Ayo” 300
times in one day (on the assumption of saying 3 “Ayos” for one house). It’s like family nursing on
steroids. The challenges are multiplied. You’ll have to adjust to every household and attend all their
needs and questions. You have to follow the long and winding road – LITERALLY!!! Just getting to you
assigned purok would take 30 minutes, not to mention the scotching heat of the SUN, the heavy RAINS,
COPAR Experience Evaluation
the angry ANIMALS, the risk of FALLING COCONUTS, the smell from the DUMP SITE, the
miscommunication between jeepney DRIVERS
and the “dead-ma” RESIDENTS. These are just the extraneous variables we have to consider when we
go there in Bong-ao Valencia. As extraneous variables, they need to be controlled. Simple understanding
and showing good behaviors will remedy such problem.
We have to understand that for every interactive endeavor, rapport must first be achieved.
Some families are very open in accepting us, with warm smiles that light up your day. They are very
grateful for our presence because they are happy that their B/P will be measured. That simple act of B/P
measurement is enough for them to
appreciate our health objective. But
some families require 10x “Ayos” just for
them to hear your very load and obvious
yell. We’ll have to respect everyone’s
outlook if they want to avail our services
or not. We’ll just have to move to the
next house and yell “ayo” again. These
are just some of the rigors we have to
face.
On the other hand if you look back into
the formula, the experience is squared. This means that the fun we got was doubled by itself. We arrive
in Bong-ao empty handed. When we leave the place, our bags are full of all sorts of things from sweets
like candies and milk bars to fruits like mangoes, lanzones, and rambutan. The different families filled
our hearts with joy. They are thankful to us because they are able convey their health problem. They
know that we have genuine dedication in improving their health and the environment they live in.
Aside form that, we are able to conduct numerous activities in the barangay, such as health
teachings. At first we felt that we will have no audience. Heath teachings are not measures by the
audience size, but the amount of understanding the listeners get. When various the health teachings
were delivered they are able to make comments, expressed appreciation, asked clarifications and
learned valuable health information. Of course snacks and prices provided some motivation.
Upon the termination phase of the duty, mixed fillings filled the air. We were happy because we
have achieved our various goals for our distinguished purok. But the goodbyes are always difficult. The
families are part of our community nursing learning. The community people are not means to an end.
We are not going to Valencia because it is required in our curriculum. They families in Bong-ao are more
than the sum of its parts. We are going to Valencia because they have requested our presence. We are
fortunate to be selected in guiding them towards better health. This is the definition of participatory
action research, where the community people are working with us in choosing a direction towards
health sustenance, maintenance and improvement.
Our last chance to enjoy COPAR was during our Culmination Activity. Together with the section
B3, and the community people of course, it was fruitful. Everyone helped in every way the can. Reviving
the definition of “Bayanihan.” It was evident that everyone that a great time because smiles and thanks
were shared. The various talent presentations produced waves of awes and applause. And the food was
plentiful. The culmination activity marked the formal end of our endeavor in Valencia. We can’t say
“ayo” anymore and no more fruits, but at least we left a big footprint in Bong-ao.
Appendices-Culmination Budgetting
-Culmination Attendance and
Pictures
-Student Profile
A. Games
Committee
# of items/ Pcs Item Price TOTALPARLOR GAMES
1 Wiggles Chocolatey 32.50 32.501 pack Rainbow Magic Strip 8. 75 8. 752 packs SS Unbreakable Spoon (10
pcs)13.50 27.00
1 Kitchenware 39.00 39.001 Postware 9.50 9.501 Postware 9.50 9.505 Postware 9.00 45.005 Postware 4.50 22.505 Kitchenware 5.00 25.001 Toys 25.00 25.001 Bags 16.00 16.003 kitchenware 6.00 18.001 Postware 20.00 20.006 Kitchenware 8.00 48.001 Kitchenware 37.00 37.006 Kitchenware 36.00 36.006 Kitchenware 12.00 72.001 Kitchenware 38.00 38.001 Postware 12.50 12.507 Postware 15.00 105.005 Kitchenware 6.00 30.003 Kitchenware 14.00 42.001 Kitchenware 18.00 18.005 Barber’s Springmaid Comb 7.75 38.755 Giv Beauty Soap 10.45 52.251 Colgate Spicy Red Twinpack 5.50 5.502 GRF Twinpack 18ml 5.50 11.002 CC Kool Menthol Fresh 5.50 11.005 Head & Shoulders Smooth and Silky 4.70 23.50
Bong-ao’s Got Talent3 Ribbon Hand Draw Flower 3.95 11.851 Ribbon Plain Assorted Color 20.00 20.001 Watch 38.00 38.003 Watch 45.00 135.001 Watch 130.00 1301 Watch 82.00 82.001 Sale Items (Girls) 90.00 90.00
CERTIFICATES1 Plastic Square Wave 12.95 12.951 Shelvina Parchment Paper 48.00 48.00
10 Colored Laser 10.00 100.001 Plate Print 70.00 70.00
1609.75
B. Food Committee
# of Items/ Pcs Item Price TOTAL200 Bihon 7.00 1400.0012 Bread 25.00 300.0020 Refresh juice 42.00 840.00
Ice Blocks 30.00 240.008 Paper Plate 23.95 191.60
17 Fork 11.00 187.003158.6
C. Posters and Letters Committee
D. Physical Set-up Committee
Grand total: Php 5294. 35
Individual
contribution: 190.00 x 29 = Php 5510.00
Money left: Php 215.65
# of Items/ Pcs Item Price TOTALPhotocopy of leaflets .50 30.00
8 Cartolinas 6.50 52.00invitations 12.00 12.00
printing 48.00 48.00142.00
# of Items/ Pcs Item Price TOTAL2 sets canopy 100.00 200.00
-- Construction paper with printing 92.001 pack Silk paper 48.00 48.00
1 Double sided tape 44.00 44.00184.00
