final report

MEMS 411 Final Report Title

RC Glider 1

Erika Miller, Francis Acquaye, Mark Kurtz

MEMS Final Report Fall 2014 RC Glider 1

Table of Contents

List of Figures...........................................................................................................................................4

List of Tables............................................................................................................................................5

1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................6

1.1 Project problem statement..........................................................................................................6

1.2 List of team members..................................................................................................................6

2 Background Information Study............................................................................................................7

2.1 A short design brief description that defines and describes the design problem........................7

2.2 Summary of relevant background information (such as similar existing devices or patents, patent numbers, URL’s, et cetera)...........................................................................................................7

3 Concept Design and Specification........................................................................................................8

3.1 User needs, metrics, and quantified needs equations. This will include three main parts:........8

3.1.1 Record of the user needs interview.....................................................................................8

3.1.2 List of identified metrics......................................................................................................8

3.1.3 Table/list of quantified needs equations.............................................................................8

3.2 Four (4) concept drawings...........................................................................................................8

3.3 A concept selection process. This will have three parts:.............................................................8

3.3.1 Concept scoring (not screening) .........................................................................................8

3.3.2 Preliminary analysis of each concept’s physical feasibility...................................................8

3.3.3 Final summary......................................................................................................................8

3.4 Proposed performance measures for the design.........................................................................8

4 Embodiment and fabrication plan.......................................................................................................8

4.1 Embodiment drawing..................................................................................................................8

4.2 Parts List......................................................................................................................................8

4.3 Draft detail drawings for each manufactured part......................................................................8

4.4 Description of the design rationale for the choice/size/shape of each part................................8

5 Engineering analysis............................................................................................................................8

5.1 Engineering analysis proposal......................................................................................................9

5.1.1 A form, signed by your section instructor (insert your form here)......................................9

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5.2 Engineering analysis results.........................................................................................................9

5.2.1 Motivation. Describe why/how the before analysis is the most important thing to study at this time. How does it facilitate carrying the project forward?......................................................9

5.2.2 Summary statement of analysis done. Summarize, with some type of readable graphic, the engineering analysis done and the relevant engineering equations.............................................9

5.2.3 Methodology. How, exactly, did you get the analysis done? Was any experimentation required? Did you have to build any type of test rig? Was computation used?................................9

5.2.4 Results. What are the results of your analysis study? Do the results make sense?...........9

5.2.5 Significance. How will the results influence the final prototype? What dimensions and material choices will be affected? This should be shown with some type of revised embodiment drawing. Ideally, you would show a “before/after” analysis pair of embodiment drawings..............9

5.2.6 Summary of code and standards and their influence. Similarly, summarize the relevant codes and standards identified and how they influence revision of the design..................................9

6 Working prototype............................................................................................................................10

6.1 A preliminary demonstration of the working prototype (this may be left blank)......................10

6.2 A final demonstration of the working prototype (this may be left blank)..................................10

6.3 At least two digital photographs showing the prototype..........................................................10

6.4 A short videoclip that shows the final prototype performing....................................................10

6.5 At least four (4) additional digital photographs and their explanations....................................10

7 Design documentation......................................................................................................................10

7.1 Final Drawings and Documentation...........................................................................................10

7.1.1 A set of engineering drawings that includes all CAD model files and all drawings derived from CAD models. See Appendix C for the CAD models....................................................................10

7.1.2 Sourcing instructions.........................................................................................................10

7.2 Final Presentation......................................................................................................................10

7.2.1 A live presentation in front of the entire class and the instructors (this section may be left blank) 10

7.2.2 A link to a video clip version of 1.......................................................................................10

7.3 Teardown...................................................................................................................................10

8 Discussion..........................................................................................................................................11

8.1 Using the final prototype produced to obtain values for metrics, evaluate the quantified needs equations for the design. How well were the needs met? Discuss the result......................................11

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8.2 Discuss any significant parts sourcing issues? Did it make sense to scrounge parts? Did any vendor have an unreasonably long part delivery time? What would be your recommendations for future projects?.....................................................................................................................................11

8.3 Discuss the overall experience:..................................................................................................11

8.3.1 Was the project more of less difficult than you had expected?.........................................11

8.3.2 Does your final project result align with the project description?.....................................11

8.3.3 Did your team function well as a group?...........................................................................11

8.3.4 Were your team member’s skills complementary?...........................................................11

8.3.5 Did your team share the workload equally?......................................................................11

8.3.6 Was any needed skill missing from the group?..................................................................11

8.3.7 Did you have to consult with your customer during the process, or did you work to the original design brief?.........................................................................................................................11

8.3.8 Did the design brief (as provided by the customer) seem to change during the process? 11

8.3.9 Has the project enhanced your design skills?....................................................................11

8.3.10 Would you now feel more comfortable accepting a design project assignment at a job?.11

8.3.11 Are there projects that you would attempt now that you would not attempt before?.....11

9 Appendix A - Parts List.......................................................................................................................12

10 Appendix B - Bill of Materials.........................................................................................................12

11 Appendix C - CAD Models..............................................................................................................12

12 Annotated Bibliography (limited to 200 words per entry).............................................................12

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List of FiguresFigure 1: Use insert object to insert a PowerPoint slide. Right click on object to add caption...................3Figure 2: Use insert object to insert an image. Right click on image to insert a caption.............................3Figure 3: Insert a chart using insert object. Right click on object to add caption........................................3

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List of TablesTable 1: Excel worksheet.............................................................................................................................3Table 2: Word table of values......................................................................................................................3

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1 Introduction

1.1 Project problem statementThis is a high-level statement, specifically, the description you were given on the project ideas list combined with more details from your customer interviews, concept development, prototypes, etc.

This statement should evolve as your project progresses.

Design a radio-controlled scaled model glider with a true “morphing” (shape-changing) wing. The wing’s shape changing will control the movement of the craft. The glider must stay in flight for a minimum of one minute and must successfully use the morphing wing to change its direction as well as elevation. Avoid ailerons since these parts would defeat the purpose of using the morphing wings as the source of control. Any method of takeoff is acceptable, as long as once the glider is in the air it simply glides on its own. Wingspan is no smaller than 3 feet and does not exceed 8 feet long. The model must be lightweight in order to glide with ease.

1.2 List of team members

Erika Miller

Francis Acquaye

Mark Kurtz

The figures and tables are examples only. The tables and figures below are included in the list of tables and list of figures in the table of contents. Word can update the table of contents for you automatically. Click on the table of contents to open a dialog box for updates. The list of figures and tables must be updated by you using the references tab.

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Figure 1: Use insert object to insert a PowerPoint slide. Right click on object to add caption.

Figure 2: Use insert object to insert an image. Right click on image to insert a caption.

Figure 3: Insert a chart using insert object. Right click on object to add caption.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 705

101520253035

Food

Gas

Motel

Table 1: Excel worksheet

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Table 2: Word table of values

2 Background Information Study

2.1 A short design brief description that defines and describes the design problem

This is a description of the design problem specifically, not a description of the project as in 1.1 where other factors such as cost, fabrication, manufacturability, etc. are considered.

2.2 Summary of relevant background information (such as similar existing devices or patents, patent numbers, URL’s, et cetera)

3 Concept Design and Specification

3.1 User needs, metrics, and quantified needs equations. This will include three main parts:

3.1.1 Customer Needs Interview

Customer Data: Morphing Wing RC GliderCustomer: Mark Jakiela ( Of Jakiela Corp.)

Address: Washington University Danforth Campus Date: 8 September 2014Question Customer Statement Interpreted Need Importance

Can the RC Glider carry a load?

No, it does not need to carry anything.

Optional 1

RC Glider can use microprocessors to stay level in air.

Yes, the glider can be computer controlled.

Optional 2

How should the glider land?

Fine to crash on the belly.

Landing gear is optional.

1

What is the shape of the wing?

The wing should be one continuous surface.

The wing should be one continuous surface.

5

Can the RC glider have a stowable engine?

Yes, that is acceptable. Rc glider’s mechanism does not matter.

1

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Should the glider stay in the air for a certain amount of time?

It should be in the air long enough to demonstrate it can change in elevation and turn.

Stays in air for at least one minute.

5

What should the size of the RC glider be?

RC Glider should be large enough to be easy to work with. A glider of 3 ft. is preferable to a glider of 8 ft.

RC Glider should be around 5.5 ft.

3

3.1.2 Identified Metrics

Need Number Need Importance1 Glider’s wing material is flexible 5

2 Glider’s wing is continuous 5

3 No ailerons 5

4 Glide ratio is at least 20 4

5 Glider stays in air for at least 1 minute

5

6 Wingspan is between 3ft and 8ft 4

7 Glider’s body length is less than half the wingspan

2

8 Glider’s weight is minimal 2

3.1.3 Design Metrics and Happiness Equations

Design Metrics: RC Glider

Metric Number

Associated Needs

Metric Units Min Value Max Value

1 1, 2, 3 Material Percentage 0 1002 4 Ratio Integer 0 603 5 Time Seconds 0 300

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4 6, 7 Length Feet 1.5 85 8 Weight Pounds 0 80

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3.2 Four (4) concept drawingsConcept 1

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Concept 2

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Concept 3

Concept 4

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3.3 A concept selection process. This will have three parts:

3.3.1 Concept scoring Concept 1 = .78

Concept 2 = .84375

Concept 3 = .6413

Concept 4 = .6804

3.3.2 Physical Analysis

Concept 1: One of the benefits to concept 1 is the material. It would be a lightweight, elastic material that wraps around the outside of the internal structure. The elasticity allows the stretching and contracting of the inner joint changing the glider’s elevation. The joints at the tip of the wings would be able to move up and down helping the glider to turn left and right. The back tails have the ability to move up and down as well.

Concept 2: This design has overlapping sections on each of the wings which resembles the wing structure of a hawk. The main segment of each wing will rotate forward and backward causing the wings to tilt, turning the glider left or right. The main wing segments will also be able to stretch or contract the overlapping sections changing the elevation. The rear wings will be of a bendable/deformable material.

Concept 3: This design uses telescoping wings. They have the ability to pivot around the center which turns the glider. In order to change elevation, the wings can stretch out fully or collapse into the center. The rear wings also pivot around their center.

Concept 4: The last design has wings that can stretch out to the glider’s sides or fold closer to the body to change the elevation. The wings also tilt back and forth to turn right or left. This concept does not have rear wings like the others.

3.3.3 Final summary

We decided concept 2 was the best design out of our four concepts. The wing structure is similar to that of a bird with the overlapping sections resembling feathers. The front segment would be able to stretch out straight as well as contract to a curved state. This motion would either expand the overlapping sections, as shown in the concept design, or condense them closer together. Expanding the sections causes the glider to fly at its current elevation whereas the condensing causes the glider to drop in elevation. The rear wings are also included to tilt the glider up or down by moving either way. The glider will also have the ability to tilt forward and backward. This action lets the glider turn left or right. We will use a lightweight, deformable material. This concept seems like the most plausible design

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because it satisfies our happiness equations spreadsheet the best. Concept 1 could have an issue with the elastic material stretching on its own while gliding through the air. Concept 3 could have problems when collapsing if the sections don’t stay stable and shift inside. Also, we were concerned about how fast the wings could expand out. Concept 4 might have issues sealing the wings since the movement back and forth has to be done internally. Tilting also brings concerns since it controls the entire wing at once. Concept 2 provides more optimistic qualities for a final design than the rest of the concepts do.

3.4 Proposed performance measures for the design

a. Have a glide ratio of at least 20 – glide 20 feet forward for every 1 foot drop.b. Make sure the material is as lightweight as possible.c. Stay in the air for 1.5 minutes (the minimum is 1 minute)d. Add an optional motor that could be powered on during flight to give the glider an extra

boost to fly longer.

4 Embodiment and fabrication plan

4.1 Embodiment drawing

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4.2 Parts ListItem Dimensions Material Source Item Number Price Qty Total

Wing Skin0.032" thick X 36"

wide X 1' Long (Get 5')

GP Rubber

http://www.rubbersheetroll.

com/

GP RUBBER ROLL, MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS LENGTH 50

FEET .032 X 36.00'' X LINEAR FOOT

4.51 6 27.06

Wing Servos 118 oz-in torque .2 sec/60 N/A

http://www.hobbypartz.com

/

50G EXI Digital Servo D123F w/ Metal Gear 10.75 2 21.5

Propellor Motor

NTM Prop Drive 28-30S 800KV / 300W

Brushless Motor N/A

http://www.hobbyking.com/

hobbyking/store/uh_viewItem.asp?idProduct=25080

NTM2830S-800 16.2 1 16.2

Propellor

Folding Propeller w/ Alloy hub - 10x8

N/A


hobbyking/store/__5330__Folding_Propeller_w_Alloy_hub

_10x8.html

OR025-00310 $9.10 1 9.10

Transmitter & Reciever N/A N/A

http://www.hobbypartz.com

/

2.4G CT6B 6-Channel Transmitter+Receiver (R6B) (Complete Radio System for

RC Helicopter+Airplane)

39 1 39

ESC N/A N/A


hobbyking/store/__40685__Hobby_King_30A_ESC_3A_UBEC_USA_warehous

e_.html

F-30A 10.65 1 10.65

Battery 1300 mAh LiPo


hobbyking/store/uh_viewItem.asp?idProduct=58590

Z13003S20C 8.5 1 8.5

Airfoil 1/8" Thick, 4" x 36" Balsa Wood

http://www.mcmaster.com/ 5068K43 5.6 4 22.4

Torsion Bar 3/16" Diameter, 6' Length Aluminum http://

www.mcmaster.com/ 8974K21 4.13 2 8.26

Airfoil Spacers

5/16" OD 3/16" ID 6' Length

PETG Plastic

http://www.mcmaster.com/ 9245K15 1.38 2 2.76

Body Foam 2" thick X 48" wide X 8' length XPS http://

www.homedepot.com

FOAMULAR 250 2 in. x 48 in. x 8 ft. R-10 Scored Squared Edge Insulation Sheathing

32.52 1 32.52

Total = $222.40

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http://www.homedepot.com/

http://www.homedepot.com/

http://www.mcmaster.com/






http://www.hobbyking.com/hobbyking/store/uh_viewItem.asp?idProduct=58590



http://www.hobbyking.com/hobbyking/store/__40685__Hobby_King_30A_ESC_3A_UBEC_USA_warehouse_.html



http://www.hobbypartz.com/



http://www.hobbyking.com/hobbyking/store/__5330__Folding_Propeller_w_Alloy_hub_10x8.html









http://www.rubbersheetroll.com/




4.3 Draft detail drawings for each manufactured part

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4.4 Description of the design rationale for the choice/size/shape of each part

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5 Engineering analysis

5.1 Engineering analysis proposal

5.1.1 A form, signed by your section instructor (insert your form here)

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5.2 Engineering analysis results

5.2.1 Motivation. Describe why/how the before analysis is the most important thing to study at this time. How does it facilitate carrying the project forward?

The analysis is important

5.2.2 Summary statement of analysis done. Summarize, with some type of readable graphic, the engineering analysis done and the relevant engineering equations

5.2.3 Methodology. How, exactly, did you get the analysis done? Was any experimentation required? Did you have to build any type of test rig? Was computation used?

5.2.4 Results. What are the results of your analysis study? Do the results make sense?

5.2.5 Significance. How will the results influence the final prototype? What dimensions and material choices will be affected? This should be shown with some type of revised embodiment drawing. Ideally, you would show a “before/after” analysis pair of embodiment drawings.

5.2.6 Summary of code and standards and their influence. Similarly, summarize the relevant codes and standards identified and how they influence revision of the design.

6 Working prototype

6.1 A preliminary demonstration of the working prototype (this section may be left blank).

6.2 A final demonstration of the working prototype (this section may be left blank).

6.3 At least two digital photographs showing the prototype

6.4 A short videoclip that shows the final prototype performing

6.5 At least four (4) additional digital photographs and their explanations

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7 Design documentation

7.1 Final Drawings and Documentation

7.1.1 A set of engineering drawings that includes all CAD model files and all drawings derived from CAD models. See Appendix C for the CAD models.

7.1.2

7.1.3 Sourcing instructions

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7.2 Final Presentation

7.2.1 A live presentation in front of the entire class and the instructors (this section may be left blank)

7.2.2 A link to a video clip version of 1

7.3 Teardown

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8 Discussion

8.1 Using the final prototype produced to obtain values for metrics, evaluate the quantified needs equations for the design. How well were the needs met? Discuss the result.

8.2 Discuss any significant parts sourcing issues? Did it make sense to scrounge parts? Did any vendor have an unreasonably long part delivery time? What would be your recommendations for future projects?

8.3 Discuss the overall experience:

8.3.1 Was the project more of less difficult than you had expected?

8.3.2 Does your final project result align with the project description?

8.3.3 Did your team function well as a group?

8.3.4 Were your team member’s skills complementary?

8.3.5 Did your team share the workload equally?

8.3.6 Was any needed skill missing from the group?

8.3.7 Did you have to consult with your customer during the process, or did you work to the original design brief?

8.3.8 Did the design brief (as provided by the customer) seem to change during the process?

8.3.9 Has the project enhanced your design skills?

8.3.10 Would you now feel more comfortable accepting a design project assignment at a job?

8.3.11 Are there projects that you would attempt now that you would not attempt before?

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9 Appendix A - Parts List

10 Appendix B - Bill of Materials

11 Appendix C - CAD Models

12 Annotated Bibliography (limited to 150 words per entry)

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final report

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