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Table of Contents Introduction............................................................................................................................... 1

Agenda for Workshop ................................................................................................................ 2

Brief for the workshop ............................................................................................................... 3

A. Reform principles................................................................................................................5 B. Improved civil-military coordination....................................................................................6 C. Poverty alleviation programs...............................................................................................6 D. Security reforms..................................................................................................................7 E. Mosque reforms..................................................................................................................7 F. Madressah integration.........................................................................................................7 G. Delivery of justice ...............................................................................................................7 H. Regulation of electronic media............................................................................................8 I. Regulation of Afghan refugee camps ....................................................................................8 J. Governance reforms ............................................................................................................8

Address of Khalid Aziz Chairman, RIPORT................................................................................... 9

Presentation by Khalid Aziz Chairman, RIPORT......................................................................... 12

Summary of address by the Chief Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa............................................. 18

Summary of the speech by Norwegian Ambassador Mr. Robert Kvile ...................................... 20

Annex – 1 List of workshop attendees...................................................................................... 21

Annext – 2 Background of RIPORT............................................................................................ 23

Annex – 3 Background of NUPI................................................................................................ 25

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Introduction

The Regional Institute of Policy Research and Training (RIPORT) and the Norwegian Institute

of International Affairs partnered in the preparation of the current policy report on Swat

based on perceptions of the households. These perceptions were gathered through a survey

conducted between Feb-April 2010. The result of the survey have since been analyzed and

published in a book.

On 28th September, 2010 the findings of the report were presented to a workshop in

Islamabad that was presided over by the Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. (List of

attendees is at Annex-1)

The proceedings of the workshop are being shared with government and other partners

who are assisting the government of Pakistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in meeting the

challenge of conflict in Swat and in other parts of the country.

It is hoped that the proposals contained in this report assists the government in meeting its

security responsibilities in a planned and a meaningful manner.

Khalid Aziz Chairman (RIPORT)

14th Oct, 2010

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Agenda for Workshop

“Swat: The Main Causes of the Breakdown of Governance

And Rise of Militancy”

28th Sep 2010 at 15:00

Schedule Registration of Participants 14:30 to 15:00

Tilawat 15:00

Presentation of main findings - Khalid Aziz Chairman RIPORT 15:15 to 16:00

Address by Chief Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 16:00 to 16:15

Speech by Ambassador of Norway Mr. Robert Kvile 16:15 to 16:45

Question & answer session presided by Senator Afrsaiab Khattak 17:00 to 17:45

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Brief for the workshop

1. This report “Swat: The Main Causes of the Breakdown of Governance and Rise of

Militancy,” has been prepared by RIPORT & NUPI. RIPORT is a policy research

institute established in 2005 and operates in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and FATA. One of

the mandates of RIPORT is to study conflict and to make policy reform

recommendations.

2. RIPORT conducted the survey to find out the perception of households in Swat to

identify the causes that created the crisis of governance in Swat in 2009. This was to

be the first step of an exercise that would conclude by preparation of

recommendations for the government. In this connection the perceptions regarding

the causes and effects of the militant insurgency were gathered from respondents

belonging to 384 households. The survey was administered in sixteen villages and

three urban wards of Mingora.

3. Prior to the survey elaborate interviews with knowledgeable respondents were

conducted to formulate hypothesis in various categories which were subsequently

tested through the administration of a questionnaire. They allowed us to view the

conflict from different perspectives. The aim was to understand the Swat conflict

over a historical perspective and holistically. It is clear that conflicts don’t happen

overnight but are the result of multiple causes that may have been germinating over

a long period of time.

4. The study examines the interaction of Swat history and its demography with the

various issues that arose overtime. At one time Swat was the center of the Hinayana

sect of Buddhism and was a regional center of the Himalayan Civilization extending

from Tibet to Swat including Kashmir.

5. The 16th century Yusufzai invasion brought new rulers to the valley supplanting the

indigenous nobility who were scattered into the surrounding mountains. The study

explores the dynamic of marginalization and the role it played in igniting the violence

in Swat. The study indicates that poverty in Swat has created vulnerabilities that

caused a large number of people to seek redressal of their plight and poverty by

joining the terrorists when the opportunity arose from 2006 to 2009.

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6. The analysis also examines the role of radical Jihadist intervention that influenced

Swat with the arrival of Syed Ahmed from Patna in 1826. Many battles were fought

by the people of this region over a period of time. As a result of this influence, Swat

has always been reticent to claimants who used the label of Islam and promised

justice. It was recognition of this trait that was exploited by religious figures who

obtained dominant position in Swat in the early twentieth century. The coming to

power in 1917 of Mian Gul Abdul Wadud as the ruler of Swat brought in a religious

dynasty into power that ruled Swat till its final merger in Pakistan in 1969.

7. The study finds that lack of a plan to integrate Swat fully into Pakistan may have

been the main cause of the unrest in this district. The study also found that Swat was

prevented from a complete merger into Pakistan due to different vested interests

who played a negative role for small personal gain even after a Supreme Court

decision ordering a merger in Feb 1994 was passed.

8. The study is critical of the permissiveness of the MMA government that ruled KP

from 2002-2007. It did not confront the religious challengers to the state. The study

also found it inexplicable why at the start of the international War on Terror in Nov

2001, President Musharaff weakened the grid-lock of security by abolishing the

district administration; it permitted the radicals the freedom to do as they pleased.

The study concludes by noting that Pakistan’s drift to intervention of religion into

state and law began immediately after the death of the founder of the nation, Quaid

e Azam in 1948. Soon afterwards the Objectives Resolution was passed declaring

that the management of Pakistan shall be based on principles of Islam. The Islamic

tilt reached a peak during the rule of President Zia-ul-Haq from 1977- 88. He shifted

Pakistan from a quasi secular status to a religious mindset, the laws were changed

secular freedoms were restricted. At the same time Pakistan and the USA organized

a Jihad against the USSR thus encouraging even more the growth of this mindset in a

region that had a history of living in the midst of Jihad in the 19th century.

9. The present military operation will not succeed unless long lasting reforms take

place. In this respect a number of reforms are proposed in this study. Some of the

main ones are described briefly under different categories:-

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A. Reform principles

These apex reform principles should guide the development of all new programs for Swat:-

All programs must cater for the very poor and shift the marginalized back into

society.

The focus of investment should be on social protection and targeted safety nets for

the very vulnerable. Social protection and funding of social safety nets must receive

priority.

The provincial government needs to mainstream Swat by having Malakand division

removed from the ambit of Art:246

Immediate steps must be taken to restore district administration as it existed prior

to Local Government Reform 2001. Suitable changes should also be made in the

Police Order 2000.

A robust communication strategy may be implemented without delay for

transforming the mind set.

Priority of funding must be given to women and female programs in health,

education and skill development and education.

The mainstream political parties should begin a drive for new membership based on

the poor and the marginalized. Providing the poor with a political voice will assist in

early and long term normalization. If political power devolves to the poor classes

they will become empowered to defend their interests politically rather than

through violence.

The government should administer Swat according to the normal laws of the land

like the criminal procedure code and the civil code. The enactments that were

introduced to please the militants should be retired.

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B. Improved civil-military coordination

One of the major weaknesses noticed is the weak civil-military coordination. It is well

known that insurgencies are defeated by a credible civil administration with the

support of the military. Thus the priority of civilian control must be accepted.

Both the military and the civilian administration should have a clear road map with

milestones and indicators for the exit of the military. The longer the military stays

the more delayed will be normalization however there must be a transition plan

where the police is strengthened to provide security.

The KP government must create a comprehensive district security program in

consultation with the military and the police for a phased return to civilian control.

The issue of detention of militants must be resolved. States have dealt with these

issues in two ways. Some countries protect their judicial system and keep the

suspects interned in special prisons for a long term. Others process some of the

militants legally. A political judgment call will need to be made to suit KP

circumstances and essential legislation carried out. Secondly, detainee release policy

should be dovetailed into a comprehensive rehabilitation and re-integration program

for the militants.

KP government is advised to launch a comprehensive strategic communication

initiative based on a transformative strategy delivered through multiple FM radio

stations.

C. Poverty alleviation programs

The social sector indicators show the downward drift of Swat in infant mortality,

calorific intake, adult education, drinking water, sanitation and combating infectious

diseases like hepatitis. Investment in programs must be made to lighten these

burdens of the people.

In the presence of land asset mal-distribution income generating programs for the

very poor need to be replicated like the 1980’s Swiss Project for small farmers of

Kalam

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D. Security reforms

The law and order and criminal investigation oversight functions in Swat should be

placed under the district magistrate. Police Order 2000 should be reviewed

accordingly.

A district policing plan should be prepared jointly by the district magistrate and DPO

Swat based on the examination of the role played by various drivers of conflict in

Swat identified in annex-1

E. Mosque reforms

Mosques have a profound impact on governance. It is quite strange that mosques

have been allowed to be taken over by Afghan and others who challenge the state.

This free for all policy is suicidal. The KP government must return the mosque to the

community through regulation.

The proposed regulations should ensure that only locals can become head of

mosques; outsiders should be removed.

Mosque construction and upkeep should be regulated by considering them as

community schools.

F. Madressah integration

Instead of speaking of Madressah reform the government should consider

integrating them into its education stream. The introduction of Art 25 A into the

Constitution by the 18th Amendment makes primary education compulsory and

free. It now provides the government with an opportunity to make the required

changes.

G. Delivery of justice

Disposal of litigation by the courts should be improved

An alternate dispute resolution system should be instituted

Learned religious scholars should be provided openings into the adjudication system

as assessors, Islamic law experts, consultants etc to create a vested interest of the

clergy in the well being of the district

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H. Regulation of electronic media

A provincial electronic media regulatory authority should be created forthwith.

More FM stations need to be installed with relevant content on the model of Amn

(Peace) FM Radio, Mardan

I. Regulation of Afghan refugee camps

The survey found a nexus between the Afghan refugee camps and insurgency. The

location of a camp near a populated area is a sure sign of impending trouble.

The best option is to encourage the return of Afghan refugees back to Afghanistan

In case the camps continue then they must be monitored by the district

administration and police and not other agencies.

The KP government should have a high / level committee under the Chief Secretary

to decide about camp location and its security administration.

Under no circumstance should any refugee camp be permitted in Swat or its

neighborhood.

J. Governance reforms

Swat needs to be mainstreamed. The President can order this under Art 247 (2) and

(6)

Administrative reforms re-establishing prior to 12 Oct 1999 district administration

model should be undertaken by establishing the executive magistracy, the district

magistrate and police.

A comprehensive re-integration and rehabilitation plan for the militants be

undertaken in consort with FATA

A reform monitoring unit be established in the Chief Secretary’s Office to review the

pace and depth of these reforms.

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Address of Khalid Aziz Chairman, RIPORT

Chief Minister Amir Haider Khan Hoti, Mr. Robert Kvile Ambassador of Norway, Mr. Helge

Luras Adviser NUPI, Your Excellencies, Friends, Ladies and Gentlemen.

It gives me immense pleasure to present to you today the major findings of the report on

Swat that identified the main causes of the conflict in that valley. There are different ways of

looking at the conflict and the present study is an attempt to present a view of the world

from the perspective of Swat households. Experience teaches one many lessons and one of

the most important I have learnt is that the plain common sense of an ordinary farmer

surpasses the intellect of many who consider themselves knowledgeable. In a little while I

will present the policy reforms that are based on these perceptions.

RIPORT is a policy research think tank established in KP in 2005 that studies conflict and

related public policy. It was formed in 2005. It is working in Swat as a partner with the

UNHCR where it provides services in trauma management to those afflicted by violence and

terror. One of its mandates is to study the origins of conflict that is the origin of trauma. This

study is a preventive intervention so that conflict can be held at bay. It could be replicated

to other areas with modifications. Our partner in this work is NUPI the Norwegian Institute

of International Affairs who supported us and I want to thank the Norwegian Ministry of

Foreign Affairs who gave a grant to NUPI for this task.

But before I discuss the policy recommendations emerging from the study I want to present

a range of larger issues that face us and the people of Pakistan as a backgrounder for the

framing of the policy options later:

KP and Pakistan sit on one of the most valuable strategic real estate in the world. It

adjoins two of the fastest developing economies in the world today – China & India.

Any de-stabilization in their neighborhood will cause huge problems for us and the

world

Are we dealing with this valuable real estate with care and responsibility? The

answer is equivocal and that is a very dangerous situation.

We are also witnessing the birth of a new world where one half will live in wealth

generated by knowledge & skills and another half that exists in poverty. We are so

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near to the better option yet keep ourselves entrenched in poverty that is driven by

bigotry due to lack of reform.

Although being a nuclear power should provide us wisdom and patience – yet we are

not compassionate towards the smaller provinces; our dealings with them remain

arrogant and violent.

As the world population increases each inch of fertile land and each drop of water

will count – the higher return from bio-crops and creeping corporatization of

agriculture in poor nations will increase prices of food and result in regional famines.

To complicate all this will be the rising temperature and drying rivers; am I over

dramatizing – I think not because we recently witnessed the reality that was

predicted by the panel on global warming it had spoken of heavy rains, glacial melts

and then dryness.

Can we face these challenges alone? The answer is no. If that is the case then it calls for a

renewal of our national narrative that must reflect a peaceable identity that believes in

international peace and human development.

If those are the larger pressures on KP and Pakistan how do we handle the conflict in Swat?

The preceding narration indicates the warning signs on the path to reform.

The study on Swat found that the crisis was not created overnight but was the result of

multiple causes and policies. Conflict is rarely ever created by a single event. Swat is no

exception. Chapter 8 of the report re-constructs a model of the causes creating the Swat

conflict. According to this research based on intensive statistical framework the following

factors that are weaknesses in governance contributed to the crisis:

A fragmented population differentiated by class, ethnicity & traditional Pakhtuns vs

religious zealots

A history supportive of Jihadist resistance against the Sikhs and later the British since

the early 19th century

Pakistan’s failure to assimilate the States and mainstream them in 1947 at

Independence after the signing of the Instrument of Accession

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Shifting of the Pakistani state narrative from a comparative secularized position

towards religious one

Absence of a reform road map when Swat was merged in 1969; it allowed the

creation of vested interests composed of the industrialists, land owners,

administrators and the Shariat lobby who colluded in preventing the mainstreaming

of Swat (Chapter 8 of Report)

Failure to fight poverty and improve quality of life indicators. Decline of MGD

indicators relating to hunger, infant mortality & others – coupled with population

growth and shrinking of employment opportunities.

Pakistan’s support for Afghan Jihad and the location of camps in Malakand that were

radicalized and produced the foot soldiers for Jihad.

The takeover of many Swat Mosques by Afghan refugees

Weak regulation of electronic media – like FM

De-stabilizing the administration grid lock by the Local Govt Reforms 2002 at the

start of a global war WoT

Lack of democracy and militarization of the Pakistani state

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Presentation by Khalid Aziz Chairman, RIPORT

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Situation in 2008

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Summary of address by the Chief Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

1. The Chief Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Amir Haider Khan Hoti addressed the

workshop on, “SWAT: THE MAIN CAUSES OF BREAKDOWN OF GOVERNANCE AND

RISE OF MILITANCY” held at Marriot Hotel, Islamabad. In his address he highlighted

major changes that his government had adopted in dealing with the conflict in Swat.

He also indicated his government's flexibility and willingness to adopt donor friendly

processes that will provide them comfort in the disbursement of assistance for the

flood affectees.

2. The Chief Minister appreciated the efforts of RIPORT (Regional Institute of Policy

Research and Training) and NUPI for preparing the comprehensive policy paper on

the conflict in Swat. He appreciated the presentation of the report made by the

Chairman on the occasion that indicated the main policy recommendations for the

KP government. The following were the major policy observations made by the CM

in his address to the gathering:

The CM stressed that the KP province was at the forefront of this conflict against the

militants. Many of the KP citizens had died in this confrontation including brave

officers and many of the party workers of the ANP. Despite these challenges the CM

stressed that his highest priority was the defense of Pakistan and the achievement of

stability in KP.

The CM promised to bring those changes in governance will create a tolerant,

progressive and a democratic society in KP.

The KP government is determined to bring reforms some of them are indicated in

the policy paper that were necessary to improve the situation in the following areas:

o Law & Order

o Security

o Improved service delivery

o Poverty Alleviation

o Governance reforms

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The CM elaborated that the KP government during the last two years has

concentrated on improving the security situation and has allocated funds for the

purpose; even the development funds were diverted to provide for it.

One of the major reforms was to introduce community policing in Swat for which

7,500 new posts have been created and the results from this form of policing have

been very encouraging and the government is engaged in expanding this model to

other parts of the province.

The Govt of KP also has an apex committee where the Civil-Military coordination is

made effective and a regional approach is adopted covering FATA & KP. Its

membership includes the Governor, the CM KP, and the Corp Commander and key

officials. It has delivered commendable results.

The KP government has launched programs to assist the affectees of the war and the

floods some of these programs were:

o House Grant Scheme for Malakand

o Cash grant schemes would be launched shortly

The Government has committed to make the Sharia Nizam-e-Adil Regulation

effective and has constituted a High Court bench in Swat for this purpose to perform

the functions of Darul Qazha

While thanking the donors for their support to KP he underlined his intent to

associate them in all the programs and the willingness to adopt procedures that

would provide comfort to them.

The CM also promised to examine the recommendations contained in the policy

paper at the government level and to adopt where feasible its recommendations.

He thanked RIPORT and the Norwegian government for their help and assistance for

the preparation of the policy paper that would go a long way in assisting the

government in its resolve to effectively meet the challenges of militancy.

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Summary of the speech by Norwegian Ambassador Mr. Robert Kvile

The Norwegian Ambassador in his remarks on the occasion said:

Norway had a close connection with Swat when its scholars visited the region.

Norway also had a deep interest in the peace and stability of Pakistan and it was

under this perception that collaboration took place between RIPORT & NUPI.

Norway had allocated $ 66 million for cooperation with Pakistan and Norwegian

citizens had donated $ 7.5 million for the flood affectees. He was happy to note that

the report had generated a lot of interest in government and amongst the

practioners.

Norway had about 22,000 families of Pakistani descent and they were playing an

important role in Norway’s development. There were a few members of Pakistani

descent in the Norwegian Parliament and the Norwegian Pakistanis played an

important nation building role in that country. Recently three books in Norwegian

have been published dealing with Pakistan and its issues.

Norway believes that ending terrorism in Swat was important for KP, Pakistan and

international peace.

He stated that the present research conducted by RIPORT-NUPI had relevance

beyond Swat and the funds for the policy study were provided by the Ministry of

Foreign Affairs. He hoped that the study will help Pakistan in meeting its security

challenges.

After the presentations an intensive Q & A session followed that was chaired by Senator

Afrasiab Khattak.

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Annex-1

List of workshop attendees

S.NO Name Designation / Organization

1. Mr. Amir Haider Khan Hoti Chief Minister Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2. Senator Afrasyab Khattak Senator 3. Senator Haji Muhammad Adeel Senator 4. Mr. Robert Kvile Norwegian Ambassador 5. Mr. Helge Luras Advisor, Norwegian Institute of International Affairs 6. Mr. Osmo Lipponen Ambassador Finnish Embassy

7. Mr. Tryggve Gjesdal Minister Counselor (Political Affairs) Royal Norwegian Embassy

8. Mr. Hanne Meldgaard Senior Adviser, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norway 9. Mr. Habib Ullah Khattak ACS FATA 10. Mr. Azmat Hanif Secretary Information KP 11. Mr. Ghulam Dastagir ACS P&D, KP & now Chief Secy KP 12. Prof. Azmat Hayat VC Peshawar University 13. Prof. Dr. Khan Bahadar Marwat VC Agriculture University Peshawar 14. Mr. Yousuf Ghaffar Commissioner Income Tax office Peshawar 15. Major Naeem Rtd. Chief Secretary, KP 16. Mr. Fasih Bokhari (Retd) Rtd. Admiral Pakistan Navy 17. Lt. Gen (Ltd) Asad Durrani Former DG ISI 18. Brig Mian M.Mahmud (Retd) Ex Serviceman 19. Brig Syed Masood-ul-Hassan (Retd) Ex Serviceman 20. Brig. Noor Ul Haq Ex Serviceman 21. Col Rtd. Muhammad Hanif Ex Serviceman 22. Mr. Mahmood Ali Durani Former National Security Advisor, Govt. of Pak 23. Brig Simon S. Sharaf (Retd) Ex Serviceman 24. Maj Islam-ul-Haq (Retd) Ex Serviceman 25. Mr. Akbar Khan Commissioner Mardan 26. Mr. Muhammad Saleem Khan Secretary P&D, KP

27.Mr. Shahid Hamid Additional Secretary, Interior representing Secy

Interior 28. Ms. Elizabeth Rood US Consul General Peshawar 29. Mr. Kilian Klienschmidt, UN Assistant to special representative of UN

30. Mr. Arif Khan Director, CBP 31. Brig Javed Iqbal, Civil Military Affairs Specialist FATA 32. Mr. Abdul Rehman, RIPORT-MK Project Coordinator RIPORT-UNHCR, Swat 33. Mr. Naeem Akhtar RIPORT RIPORT Program Officer RIPORT, Swat 34. Mr. Amjad Afridi RIPORT Center Coordinator, Swat 35. Mr. Taimur Aziz CoP FATA CBP 36. Mr. Shakeel Kakakhel FATA – CBP Advisor 37. Mr. Omer Khan Deputy Director PDMA/PARRSA, Coordinator PCNA-KP 38. Mr. Mohammed Zahoor Director Social Welfare & Coordinator PCNA-FATA

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39.Dr. Maqsudul Hasan Nuri Senior Research Fellow - Acting President Islamabad

Policy Research Institute 40. Mr. Cat Evans, BHC First Secretary Political, British High Commission 41. Ms. Rosi Knight DFID Conflict Advisor British High Commission 42. Mr. Imtiaz Gul Author 43. Dr. Farooq Baig Serendip Productions, Documentary Maker 44. Mr. Shumail Aziz USAID Advisor 45. Mr. Jamal Uddin Program Coordinator FATA CBP 46. Mr. Nisar Muhammad Khan Director Culture, KP 47. Mr. Adnan Serwar Principal Law College, Peshawar University 48. Mr. Sajjad Khan CoP, Provincial Reforms Program, DFID 49. Mr. Akmal Minallah Financial Advisor Provincial Reforms Program, DFID 50. Mr. Fotini Rantsiov Political Affairs Officer UN Special Envoy’s office 51. Mr. Aziz Ahmed Khan Former Pakistan High Commissioner to India 52. Mr. Kenneth Bricker Communication Advisor CBP Peshawar 53. Mr. Shirin Gul UNDP 54. Maj. Inamullah Ex Serviceman 55. Mr. Foster Kivel Attorney US Embassy 56. Mr. Smyth Reece Political Officer US Embassy 57. Mr. Ahmad Ullah Reporter Mashal Radio 58. Mr. Raheel Khan Bureau Chief Mashal Radio 59. Mr. Michael Bielinski Senior Software Designer CBP 60. Mr. Ashraf Quraishi Advisor FATA CBP 61. Mr. Gracg Foster US Embassy 62. Mr. Zafar Islam Journalist, The News 63. Mr. Matthew Robertson Political Officer, Canadian High Commission 64. Mr. Amir Farid Canadian High Commission

65.Mr. Fredrik Nivaeus

Deputy Head of Mission/First Secretary Political Affairs and Development, Swedish Embassy

66. Ms. Katja Kalemek Embassy of Finland

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Annex- 2

Background of RIPORT

Introduction

Regional Institute of Policy Research and Training (RIPORT) 10-C, Railway Road, University

Town, Peshawar is a registered, nonprofit organization formed in 2005. The Institute is

presently operating in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas. It

has plans to extend its operations to other parts of the country. It also envisages operating

in other countries. RIPORT undertakes research in policies related to conflict security, social

protection, finance, economy, governance and human rights in the region.

RIPORT excels in training, project management and research based on surveys.

Vision

To create alternate policies and practices based on peace and harmony, which lead to

improvement in human rights and tension reduction in the region.

Objectives

Working in collaboration with other stake holders, on a nonprofit basis, the main objective

of RIPORT is to serve the region and emerge as a centre of excellence for generating

alternate policy recommendations while enhancing the capacity of government and civil

society leading to economic and social improvement in the community at large. In pursuit of

the main objective RIPORT aims to focus on the following areas.

To render advice and recommendations to the governments based on objectively

conducted policy research and analysis

To work for peace and welfare of the people by increasing understanding and

bridging opposing thoughts

To research and advocate appropriate conflict resolution mechanisms

To Impart training to build and enhance skills and capacities of public functionaries

and non-governmental institutions in the areas of conflict reduction, finance,

development management and governance

To create linkages with centers of learning and excellence in the region

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To advocate conflict reduction and peace, practice of democratic norms, inculcate

respect for human rights through seminars, workshops and the media

Membership of the Institute is regulated by its bye-laws. The Institute is managed by a

board of governors, which acts on behalf of and represents the institute in all matters of

policy. It is mandated to make and adopt bye-laws. Officers of the Institute include the

Chairman, Vice-Chairman, Directors and Secretary. The Chairperson is the designated Chief

Executive Officer of the Institute.

The Institute, being a nonprofit organization, draws its resources from fees, subscriptions,

donations from members, and contributions from other sources, which are compatible with

institutional objectives. The Institute has a Project Investment Fund for development of

project proposals.

Transparency and accountability are core principles of the institute in managing its

resources, which are to be utilized solely for promotion and fulfillment of its declared

objectives.

The following are the board of members RIPORT

1. Mr. Khalid Aziz, former Chief Secretary, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Chairman RIPORT.

2. Prof. Muhammad Daud Khan, doctor and Vice Chancellor, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Medical University, Peshawar, Vice Chairman.

3. Prof. Nasir Uddin Azam Khan, doctor, member, former Provincial Health Minister.

4. Mr. Yusaf Ghaffar , Member, Civil Servant, Chinar Road, University Town, Peshawar.

5. Dr. Muhammad Tariq Khan, member, neuro-physiologist, social worker

6. Mr. Rahimullah Khan Yousafzai, journalist, member, social worker.

7. Mr. Arbab Muhammad Arif, civil servant, member.

8. Mr. Fida Muhammad Wazir, civil servant, member.

9. Mr. Muhammad Shumayl Aziz, member, lawyer, advocate Peshawar High Court,

Secretary RIPORT.

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Annex - 3

Background of NUPI

Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) (Norwegian: Norsk Utenrikspolitisk

Institutt) is a Norwegian government agency and research organization based in Oslo.

NUPI's Background:

The Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) was established by the Norwegian

Parliament in 1959 in order to promote a better understanding of international issues in

Norway. NUPI has sought to achieve this by undertaking a wide range of research activities

and by disseminating information on international issues. The Institute has an independent

position in studying matters of relevance to Norwegian foreign policy and economic

relations.

As a small nation, Norway depends strongly on stable and open ties to the rest of the world.

Consequently, the understanding of international relations and the constantly evolving

international economy is a vital prerequisite when the foreign, as well as domestic policy of

Norway is to be shaped. With 50 years of experience, NUPI is one of Norway’s leading

independent centers for research and information on political, security and economic

issues.