final uav briefing-coin center-16 oct 09

8/2/2019 Final UAV Briefing-COIN Center-16 Oct 09

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UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED C Coy 2 VPC Coy 2 VP 1

Colonel Trey Turner and Major Jay Adair

16 Oct 2009

Deadly PersistenceDeadly PersistenceIntegrating Armed UAVs and Ground Forces inIntegrating Armed UAVs and Ground Forces inKandaharKandahar


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To provide an overview of theintegration of UAVs and ground forcesin Kandahar province during 2008

AimAim


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The Operating EnvironmentThe 2 PPCLI Battle Group

Integrating UAVs into the Joint

Tactical Fight

AgendaAgenda


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This brief deals with the employment of UAVs, notnecessarily striking with PGMs from UAVs

We operated in a UAV Laboratory and the lessons learnedare applicable across the spectrum

The key to the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles isthe man

Optimal employment of UAVs demands a nuancedunderstanding of the environment gained only through

interaction with the population on the ground

UAVs and the potential of UAVs influence the manner inwhich the enemy fights

Bottom Line Up FrontBottom Line Up Front


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It's not necessarily the strong enemy, it's the veryweak institutions of the state... in that weakness,you have Taliban influence able to move in there,and through coercion of the people, assert that

influence.

LTG Eikenberry 10 May 2006


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Uzbekistan

RC Capital

Tajikistan

China

PANJSH

ER

WARDAKBAMIAN

GHAZNI

PAKTIKA

PAKTIA

NANGARHAR

KONAR

BAGHLAN

BADAKHSHATAKHAR

KONDUZ

SAR-E POLFARYAB

BADGHIS

HERAT

GHOWR

FARAH

HELMAND

ZABOL

KANDAHARNIMRUZ

LOWGAR

DAIKONDI

ORUZGAN

Kabul

BALKH

JOWZJAN

NURESTAN

SAMANGAN

KHOST

PARWAN

LAGHMAN

Turkmenistan

RC West

RC South RC East

Pakistan

41 Nations Total41 Nations Total 58,93258,932

Top Contributors:Top Contributors:USUS

25,30025,300

UKUK

8,6008,600

GermanyGermany

3,600 Canada3,600 Canada

3,4003,400

ItalyItaly

2,9002,900FranceFrance

2 7002,700

NATO/ISAF and OEFMandates

NATO/ISAF and OEFMandates

USFOR-A:13,717

USFOR-A:13,717

RC North

Iran

KAIA

KAF

L

As of: 13 Feb 09

6

S i SS S
http://www.cia.sgov.gov/cwfb/cfactbook/flags/tu-flag.html


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Security SummarySecur ty Summary20082008

Baluchi

Area

NWFP

FATA 2

1

3

Major INSURGENT

Lines of Operation

Kinetic Event Density

Increasing 24% Afghans perceive improvement,19% perceive worsening (Sep 08 poll)

70% of kinetic events continue tooccur in 10% of the districts

33% increase in Kinetic Events

IED events up 27%....single largestcause of casualties

ISAF/OEF Deaths: up 35%

Civilian Deaths: up 40% - 46%*


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....

KAF

20 kmKANDAHAR

Kandahar

KAF


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TYPICAL PANJAWYI AND ZHAREY

TOPOGRAPHY


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PANJAWYI AND ZHAREY FROM THE

GROUND


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Operational ContextOperational Context

OffenseOffense

DefenseDefenseStabilityStabilityStabilityStability

DefenseDefense

StabilityStabilityStabilityStabilityOffenseOffense

DefenseDefense

StabilityStabilityStabilityStabilityOffenseOffense

StabilityStabilityStabilityStability

OffenseOffense

DefenseDefense

FULL SPECTRUM OPERATIONS

OPERATIONAL THEMES

200

8

200

8

U C SS


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The KandaharThe Kandahar

BattlespaceBattlespaceIdeologically

motivated Taliban

Sociologically

motivatedmujahideen

Tribal Militias

POPULATION

ISAF

ANP, ABP,AHP

ANA

Narco-

militia

GIRoA

PopulationPopulation

BG operated in permissive, semi-permissive, non-permissive urban and rural terrain!From TFH Briefing Apr 08

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The 2 PPCLI Battle GroupThe 2 PPCLI Battle Group

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Battle GroupBattle Group

OrganizationOrganization

E(+)(-)

JDCC OMLTPOMLT

ATTACHMENTS The BG Team

848 Regular Force Soldiers

174 Reserve Force Soldiers

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The Battle Group role is to SHAPE thebattlespace through lethal and non-lethalaction in order to set the security

conditions thatENABLE

successful ANSFaction, development and governanceinitiatives within the AO

The BG buys time to allow Afghans to

take control

Battle Group RoleBattle Group Role

So What? Protect the Population, Enable other Organizations

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Fight in a manner that will allow the warto be won

BG role extends far beyond neutralizinginsurgents Influence Afghans

Convince neutrals to support GIROA

Protect/Isolate from the insurgency and itseffects

Retain support of those who already support GIROA Protect from the insurgency and its effects

Mentor and facilitate the mentorship of allelements of the GIROA

Convince insurgents supporters to support GIROA

Hunt and Kill those who need to be killed

Battle Group Role LaymansBattle Group Role Laymans

TermsTerms

NO

BETTER FRIEND

NO

WORST ENEMY

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We must focus on the word succeedinstead ofwin in this campaign

Success is tied to the will of the Afghanpeople

Battle Group Role Battle Group Role SucceedingSucceeding

versus Winningversus Winning

Succeed to make good, thrive prosper,or progress in order to accomplish afavourable aim or outcome

Win to acquire, be victorious ortriumph as a result of a fight

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Effects Created byEffects Created by

the BGthe BG

Weeks

Months/Years

Years

SECURITYAND

STABIL

ITY

(ME)

FACILITATE

DEVELOPMENT

Battle Group

Provincial

Reconstruction Team

Operational Mentoring

and Liaison Team

BUILD

ANSF

CAPACITY

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The Carrot and StickThe Carrot and Stick

ApproachApproach

Government

Supporters

Government

Sympathizers

Neutral

Population

Insurgent

Sympathizers

Insurgent

Supporters

Insurgent

Fighters

Consolidate andStrengthen Protect Persuade Dissuade Deter Marginalize andDefeat

FRIENDLY HOSTILE

Exploit fault lines and break Alliances

Part of the Solution Part of the Problem

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COIN as an ArgumentCOIN as an Argument

TALK FIGHT TALK

A Fight Talk PropositionA Fight Talk Proposition

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How the BG OperatedHow the BG Operated

ACCENTUATE POSITIVESACCENTUATE POSITIVES

MITIGATE NEGATIVESMITIGATE NEGATIVES

INFOR

MATION

OPERATIO

NS

INFOR

MATION

OPERATIO

N S

PRIMARY ACTIVITIES PHYSICAL OUTPUT EFFECTS OUTPUT(messages to TA)

FRAMEWORK

OPS

TARGETING

DELIBERATE OPS

Responsive, visible, combined force

Precision collection Understand theEnvironment Find the enemy

Combined Deliberate Ops Fix and Finish

We are here to protectyou (the population)

with ANSF on behalf ofthe GIROA.

We see what goes onin the battlespace andwill kill those who fightagainst the GIROA.

We (the ANSF and ISAF)are stronger than theinsurgency and willultimately prevail.

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The Kandahar Battlespace A ViciousThe Kandahar Battlespace A Vicious

CycleCycle

CF focus resourcesand establish presence

in certain area.

CF presence attracts

insurgents who carry

out attacks against

CF.

Population avoids contact with

CF but remain susceptible to

insurgent influence.

Population moves fromarea to avoid the coercion

from the insurgents and

conflict between CF and

insurgents. CF increase

force protection increase

distance from population.

1

2

3

4

How do we break the cycle?

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i ff h bili


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Focusing Effort The StabilityFocusing Effort The Stability

Box ConceptBox Concept

KEY

DISRUPT

HOLD

BUILD

BUILD AREA

Selected where there is support

for CF and this support will have

disproportionate influence in

surrounding area. PRT main

effort. Permanently presence.

Must protect population 24/7. No

kinetic ops in here without PRTauthorization.

1

HOLD AREAOMLT main effort. Mission is to protect

Stab Box from direct insurgent influence.

No development occurs in this area.

Focused IO efforts on elders and leaders

to gain consent. Criteria for development

needs to be established to be eligible for

PRT benefits. Once criteria met, BUILD

AREA expands into this area.

2

DISRUPTION AREARemainder of AOR. Focus of BG and SOF

activity. Aim to disrupt insurgents and

degrade their ability to influence in other

areas of the Stab Box.

3

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The key tosuccess

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UAVs in COINUAVs in COIN

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One Mans VisionOne Mans Vision

We have just won a warwith a lot of heroes flyingaround in planes. The nextwar may be fought byairplanes with no men inthem at all. It certainly willbe fought with planes so farsuperior to those we havenow that there will be nobasis for comparison. Takeeverything youve learnedabout aviation in war, throw

it out of the window, andlets go to work ontomorrows aviation. It willbe different from anythingthe world has ever seen.

Gen Hap Arnold, USAAF

VJ Day, 1945

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Air powercontains theseeds of our own

destruction if wedo not use itresponsibly, wecan lose this

fight.General Stan McChrystal

COMISAF

16 June 2009

Airpower in COINAirpower in COIN

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Another Mans VisionAnother Mans Vision

We pray to Allah we

have Americansoldiers to kill but

added these bombsfrom the sky wecannot fight

Taliban Fighter

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Spectrum of UAV EmploymentSpectrum of UAV Employment

IPBTarget acquisition Reconnaissance

CAS FMV Support Air Strike

Coordination

Direct fire support Dynamic targeting

(hunter-killer)

ISRISR StrikeStrike

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everythingeverything

lookslooks

like a naillike a nail

If all youIf all youhave is ahave is a

hammer,hammer,

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The TeamThe Team

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Keys to SuccessfulKeys to Successful

IntegrationIntegration

Developing and Maintaining keyrelationships Intelligence cells communicating Pilots speaking to pilots Debriefing is the norm

Understanding the capabilities of theUAV

Controlling the asset at the appropriateheadquarters

Controlled at the HQ that can shorten the kill chainthe most

Common operating picture Unity of command

Ensuring JTACs and an S2 representative

were on duty in the BG TOC

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Th P D id


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The Power to Decide The Power to Decide

The Certainty to ActThe Certainty to Act

TACP ISR O S2 Ops

Battle CaptS3

Recommendation to Commander Strike/No Strike

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Synchronizing ground and airmanoeuvre Battlefield organization tactical deep fight Ground manoeuvre creates a reaction from the

insurgents

Armed UAVs unnerve the enemy and force them tomake mistakes

Establishing procedural controls thatshortened engagement times

Establishing common sight picture onthe application of ROE Accepting the Positive Identification

(PID) of the enemy reflects the enemys

adaptive nature and evolves

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IntegrationIntegration Employing an effective targetingmethodology

Determines the most important things we doeveryday

Counterinsurgency TriageThose who cannot be influenced

Those who support us

Those who can be influenced

Answers the question: Where can we havethe greatest impact?

What are intended effects?

How do we achieve those

effects?

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Employing an effective targetingmethodology Focus on MVTs (people) as the centre of mass Method complete a series of targeting cycles

F3EAD

Find cross-cueing of all sensors Fix the unblinking eye Finish strike Exploit face to face cross-talk Analyze face to face cross-talk shared

analysis Disseminate info sharing and process

refinement

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Targeting FrameworkTargeting Framework

Find

Exploit

Finish

Analyze

Fix

Disseminate

(Example)(Example)

TargetingTargeting

CycleCycle

AAR facilitates adaptationIntelligence Pursuit

Lethal/Non-

lethal

Physical/Moral Fix

TargetingCycle

initiated by

FIND

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The TeamThe Team

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A long roadA long road

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D i h Ri h Thi A idD i th Ri ht Thi A id t


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Doing the Right ThingAmidstDoing the Right ThingAmidst

ChaosChaos

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QuestionsQuestions

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Colonel Trey [email protected]

Major Jay [email protected]

Contact InformationContact Information
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]

final uav briefing-coin center-16 oct 09

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