Graduate School of Management

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

Presented To:

Sir Wasim UllahMBA (LUMS)

Project: Financial Analysis of Fouji Cement Company

Ltd

Presented By:

Muhammad FarooqReg#3440-FMS/MBA/S08 (19B)+92 333 6836340

Muhammad Khalil Hussain Reg#3443-FMS/MBA/S08 (19B)

+92 333 9835303

Muhammad AhsanReg#3427-FMS/MBA/S08 (19B)+92 333 5023773

LIQUIDITY RATIOS: (Rs. ‘000)

CURRENT RATIO:

Year Ind.Av. 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 1.83 2.16 1.35 1.25 0.97 1.54

There is a decrease in ratio from 2004 to 2005. The liabilities are increased by 224.35%

while the current assets have increased by only 104.15% i.e. less increase. Further

scrutiny reveals that the “Current Portion of Long Term Financing” has increased from

Rs. 86,509 to Rs. 552,995 i.e. an increase of 539.23%, and “Short Term Borrowings-

Secured” were taken amounting to Rs. 308,876 in year 2005 on liabilities side, and in

assets the major increase is found in “Cash and Bank Balances’ which are increased from

Rs. 197,088 to Rs. 603,110 i.e. an increase of 206.01% and “Trade Debts” have increased

by 139.42%. So due to these reasons its Current Ratio was dropped down in 2005.

From 2005 to 2006 there is an increase in Ratio, because its liabilities were increased by

4.99% and assets were increased by 34.67% so an increasing trend is found.

From 2006-07 the ratio is increased from 1.25 to 1.35 because the liabilities are increased

by 13.82% but the assets were increased by 23.69% so an increase in ration is found.

From year 2007-08, the ratio was increased from 1.35 to 2.16, i.e. a major increase. In

year 2008 the company has issued new shares to the general public, due to the more

investment in business operations the ratio was increased because it increased its

liabilities by 70.20% but on the other side the current asset level was increased by

171.00% by increasing its stock in trade by 25.52% and the Trade Debts by 37.68%.

While comparing to industry average it is better than others.

CROSS SECTIONAL TREND ANALYSIS

CURRENT RATIO=

1.54

0.97

1.251.35

2.16

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

QUICK RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 2.06 1.23 1.13 0.93 1.38

There is a decrease in ratio from 2004 to 2005. The liabilities are increased by 224.35%

while the current assets have increased by only 104.15% i.e. less increase. Further

scrutiny reveals inventory was decreased by 9.20% so the ratio was decreased more than

Current Ratio in 2004.

From 2005 to 2006 there is an increase in Ratio, due to the reason discussed in Current

Ratio and also the inventory was substantially increased by 159.41% so the ratio was

increased but less than current ratio.

From 2006-07 the ratio is increased from 1.13 to 1.23 because the reason discussed in

Current Ratio, the inventory level 26.34%.

From 2007-08 the ratio was increased very large due the reasons prescribed in current

ratio, it has increased its inventory level 25.52%.

CROSS SECTIONAL

CASH RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 1.54 0.29 0.67 0.50 0.53

There is a normal increase or decrease in ratio up to 2006 but in 2007, the ratio was

dropped down to 0.29 from 0.67 in 2007 because Cash and Bank Balances level was

decreased by 50.08%. in 2008 there is a major increase in ratio, some reasons were

explained in current ratio and other reason is that it has increased its cash and bank

balance level by 794.26%.

NET WORKING CAPITAL TO TOTAL ASSETS RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 0.23 0.08 0.05 -0.01 0.03

From 2004 to 2005 the ratio was decreased by 0.04, some reasons were explained in

current ratio and other are; it increased its assets by 5.30% and the net working capital

was also decreased by Rs. 236,525 so the ratio was dropped. After that there is normal

increase/ decrease upto 2007 but enormous increase is found in 2008 due to the reasons

discussed in current assets and it increased its total assets by 94.58% and less increase in

current ration of 2.16: 1.

PROFITABILITY RATIO:

GROSS PROFIT MARGIN RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 18.56% 31.52% 51.12% 38.01% 32.26%

From 2004 to 2006 the ratio is gradually increasing, but in 2007 it was decreased from

51.12% to 31.52% the reason is, sales were decreased by 19.20% but the Cost of Sales

was increased by 13.21%. It has less control on Cost of Sales along with the decrease in

sales and gross profit was dropped down by 50.19%.

In 2008, the sales were increased only by 2.39% while the cost of sales was increased by

21.76% and gross profit was dropped down by 39.71%.

OPERATING PROFIT MARGIN RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 16.96% 28.74% 47.64% 34.75% 31.49%

The ratio is increased progressively upto 2006. In 2007 and 2008 it was decreased by

18.90%, due to the reasons prescribed in Gross Profit Margin ratio.

NET PROFIT MARGIN RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 11.66% 18.66% 28.08% 17.94% 13.68%

Upto 2006 the ratio is increasing gradually and after that the ratio has decreased because

of the reasons described in Gross Profit Margin Ratio and after that it has controlled the

operating expenses and earned huge income from other sources so the major reason for

decrease is sales and increase in cost of sales.

RETURN ON ASSETS:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 4.83% 15.55% 32.95% 15.89% 12.23%

In 2004 to 2005 the ratio has increased normally but in 2006, a major increase has been

seen, the reason for this is its net income was increased considerably but there was a

minor decrease in total assets. Further analysis tells that in 2006 the company made a

huge unprecedented sales and controlled cost of sales and operating expenses so increase

in income leaded to increase in ROA. In 2007 the ratio was decreased due to the major

decrease in sales. In 2008 the ROA dropped down very deficiently because its EBIT was

decreased and its assets were increased by 95%, so ratio dropped down.

FINANCIAL CHARGE:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 6.30% 11.22% 11.71% 5.73% 1.92%

The ratio is increased/decreased normally upto 2007, in 2008 the ratio was decreased

very large. The reason for this is paid less interest expense on debts.

RETURN ON EQUITY:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 4.45% 17.30% 36.67% 20.84% 16.20%

The ratio was increased normally upto 2006, in 2007 the ratio was decreased to 17.30%

from 36.67%. Net income was reduced due to the reasons of decrease in sales and

deficient control on cost of sales. In 2008 the equity was increased by offering more

shares on premium to the general public and also its net income was also declined so the

ratio was decreased tremendously.

ACTIVITY RATIO:

ASSET TURNOVER RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 0.28 0.54 0.69 0.46 .039

The ratio was increased normally in 2004 & 2005 but in 2006 it was increased due to

enormous increase in sales. In 2007 it was normally decreased but in 2008 there were

large decreases because its assets were doubled by means of launching investment by

offering new ordinary shares to the general public.

AVERAGE SALES PER DAY:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 9,714.80 9,488.45 11,742.84 7,794.91 6,291.04

This ratio is normally increased/ decreased in all years except in 2006 where company

made significant sales not found in the history of the company.

ACCOUNT RECIEVABLE TURNOVER:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 200435.57 90.51 5.99 5.91 11.70

A cyclic trend is found in ratio in all years because on one hand there is a variation in

account receivable and the average sales per day so this trend is found.

INVENTORY TURNOVER:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 12.55 12.94 14.44 31.53 25.25

Upto 2005 the ratio was increased but in 2006 a declining trend was started because it is

increasing its inventory level more than increase in cost of sales.

FIXED ASSET TURNOVER:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 0.50 0.79 0.94 0.61 0.49

The ratio was increased normally in all years but in 2006 it was decreased very large

because the company had made unprecedented sales along with the normal increase in

Net Fixed Assets.

LEVERAGE RATIOS:

DEBT RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 0.25 0.42 0.47 0.61 0.67

The debt ratio was increased or decreased normally due to normal increase/ decrease in

Total liabilities and Total Assets. In 2008, the liabilities were increased very small but the

Total Assets were increased by investing more capital through offering new shares to the

general public so ratio was decreased very large.

DEBT/ EQUITY RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 0.34 0.71 0.89 1.54 2.05

This ratio is constantly decreasing due to the following reasons:

Very small increase/ decrease in Total Liabilities.

Constantly increase in equity by increasing the share holders’ wealth through

increasing income and also in 2008 by introducing more capital.

TIE RATIO:

Year 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004Ratio 4.23 4.93 7.88 5.10 10.36

This ratio is constantly decreasing due to the following reasons:

In 2004-05 a normal increase in EBIT but a major increase in Interest Expense.

In 2006, there is a tremendous increase in EBIT due to huge increase in sales and

a normal increase in interest expense.

In 2007 the ratio was dropped down by 62.56% due to lesser sales in EBIT and a

normal reeducation in interest expense.

In 2008 the EBIT was further reduced along with a major decrease in Interest

Expense.

Z- Score Model of Fauji Cement Company Limited

Z = 0.012x1 + 0.014x2 + 0.033x3 + 0.006x4 + 0.999x5

2008 2007 2006 2005 2004

0.320 0.574 0.722 0.467 0.397

The company was with enormous retained losses instead of profits in its history so

second factor of its Z score model was reduced and its impact was so large that it trickled

down its whole values not even less than 1.80 but 1.00.

Now as there is an increasing trend of profitability and the company has also increased its

investment by issuing new ordinary shares to the general public so we expect that the

retained losses will be vanished in next year and we hope that this increasing trend of

profitability will continue and company will prosper, in the absence of any force majour.