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UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
FINANCIAL REPORT
and
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the year ended 31 December 1986
and
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF AUDITORS
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OFFICIAL RECORDS: FORTY·SECOND SESSION
SUPPLEMENT No SA (A/42/5/Add.1)
UNITED NATIONSNew York, 1987
NOTE
Symbols of United Nations docuillcnts arc composed I)~' capit'i1 icllers comhincd withfigures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a rdercnce \0 a United Nat;ons docuIlwnl.
[Original: English/French]
(7 August 1987J
CONTENTS
1IBl:lRli:V1ATIONS •••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••...•••..••.••.••..•••••••••. vii
LETTF.RS OF TRANSMITTAL
I. FINANCIAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1986 .•.••...•••.••••..
ix
II. REPORT OF 'l'HE BOARD OF AUDITORS 19
HI. AUDIT OPXNION 76
lV. CERTIFICATION OF THE FINANCIAL S'l'ATEMENTS •...•••••.•••.••••••••..••.•• 77
V. F'{NA~CIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1986 .••.••••••.•.. 79
UNDP: UNITED NATIONS DEVElOPMENT PROGRAMME ACCOUNT 80
Statement I.
Statement I I.
Statement 11 I.
Statement IV.
Statement V.
Statement of income and expenditure for the yparended 31 December 1986 ••••••••••••••••••••.•...•... 80
Statement of assets and liabilities as at31 December 1986 ••••.•.•.•••••.•..•••••••..•.••.••• 81
Statement of changps in financial position for theyear ended 31 December 1986 .••••••••.••••••••.•••.• 83
Summary of movements in subsidiary prograwne fundsand general resources for the year ended31 December 1986 •••••••••••••••••.•.••.••.••.•••••. 84
United Nations Development Programme as an executingagency for its projects: status of funds as at31 December 1986 ••••••.••••••.•••.•••••.•••..•.•.•• 85
UNDP: TRUST FUNDS ~DMINISTERED BY UND~ - Status of funds as at31 December 1986 •••••••••••••••.•.•••••••••••..••...•••••.•••.• 86
Statement VI. Trust Fund for Assistan~e to Colonial Countries andPeoples............................................ 86
Statement VII. united Nations Capital Development Fund ••••...•••.. 67
State.nent VIII. United Nations Revolving Fund for Natural ResourcesExploration ••••••••••••••••••.••.••••.•..••••..••.. 88
-ii i-
Stt\tement IX.
Statement X.
CON'l'EN'rs (continue... )
United Nations Trust Fund for Sudano-SahelianActivities ..•..••••.•.••.•••••••••••..•••••.••••••
United Nations Volunteers proqramme •.••••••.••.•.•
89
90
Statement XI. United Nations Financing System for Science andTechnology for Development ••••••••••••••••••.••••• 91
Statement XII. United Nations SpE:cial Fund for Land-lockedDeveloping Countr ies ••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••• 92
Statement XIII. UNDP Trust Fund for the Nationhood Programme of theFund for Namibia ••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••. 93
Statement XI~. United Nations Development Fund for Women .•••••.•• 94
Statement XV. UNDP Energy Account •••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••• 95
Statement XVI. Trust funds established by the Administrator:Initial Initiativ' Against AvoidableDisablement (IMPACr) ••••••••••.••••••.•..•••••..•• 96
Statement XVII. Trust fundS established by the Administrator:Trust Fund for the Training in the USSR ofSpecialists from Developing Countries ••••.•.••.••• 97
Statement XVIII. Trust funds established by the Administrator:Ttust Fund for Special Netherlands Contributionfor the Least Developed Countries ••.•••••••••••••• 98
Statement XIX. Trust funds established by the Administrator: UNDPTrust Fund for Developing Countries Afflicted byFamine and Malnutrition •••..•.••••••••••••.•••.••• 99
Statement XX. Trust funds established by the Administrator:Perez-Guer rero 'l'rust Fund for Economic andTechnical Co-operation among DevelopingCountr ies •••..••••.•••••••••••••••••••••..••••.••• 100
Statement XXI. 'rrust funds est.:lblished by the Administrator: UNDPTrust Fund for Assistance to Refugee-relatedDevelopment Projects in Africa •..•..•••••••••••••• 101
Statement XXII. Trust funds established by the Administrator: UNDPTr ust Fund ,'0 Comba t Pover ty and Hunger in Afr ica 102
Statement XXIII. Trust funds established by the Administrator:Trust Fund for the Noc~~gian Contribution to theAngolan Petroleum Training Centre in Sumbe •••..••• 103
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Statement XXIV.
Statement XXV.
CONTENTS (continued)
Trust funds established by the Ad~inistrator inrespect of World Bank Projects..................... 104
Other trust funds established by the Administrator. 105
StatE'ment XXVI. Other trust funds administered by U!'lOP 109
§tatement XXVII. Statement of income and expenditur~ of sub-trustfunds estdhlished by the Administ.ator .•••.•••••••• 110
Schedules to the accounts
UNIW: UNIT~;D NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME AccorJNT •••••••••••••••••••• 116
1. Part I. Status of voluntary contributions pledged as at31 December 1966 •..•.•.••••.•.••••••••••••••••••••.•.• 116
Part 11. Status of voluntary contributions to the Specia.Measures Fund (01 th~ Least Developed Countries as at31 December 1966 ••.•••••••••••••••••..•••••••••..••••• 119
2. Governments' and other contributors' co&t-sharing contributionsas at 31 December 1966 .•••••• •••••••••••••••••.•••••••..•••••• 120
3. Governments' cash counterpart contributions ~s at31 December 1986 ••••.••••••..•••.••••.••••••••••.••.••••••••••• 123
4. Miscellaneous income and exp~nditure for the year en~ed
31 December 1966 .•..•••••..•••••.•••••••.••••••.••.••••.••••..• J.24
~. 1986 expenditure by agency •.•••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••• 125
6. Biennial budget appropriations for 1986-1967 andexpenditure for the year ended 31 December 1966 ••.••••.• , .••.•• 126
6.1 Expenditure against UNDP core activities by major categoryof expenditure for the year ended 31 December 1986 •.••..••••••• 127
7. Extrabudgetary income and expenditure for the year ender]11 December 19116 •.•.•.••••.••••••••••.•••.•••..•.•••••.•••••••• 128
6. Expert hiatus financing, extended sick leave costs andcompensation payments for the year ended 31 December 1986 129
9. Status of resources received under management uervice agreementsab at 31 December 1986 .....•.•••..••..••......•••...••.••••••.. 130
10. Investments a5 at 31 December 1986 •••..•.•.••.•.••.•••..••••••• 131
11. InVestments of the Operational Reserve as at 31 December 1986.. 135
-v-
CONTENTS (continued)
12. Status of the Reserve for Construction Loans to Governments asat 31 December 1986 •••.•.••••••.••••.••.•••••••••.•••.•••••••.•• 136
A. Construction loan!l ••••••••••••..•.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 136
D. Investments. • ••• • •• •••• • •••• • • • • . . • ••• • . • •• • . ••• • •• . . • • •••• • 136
13. Junior professional officers progra~me: status of fundS as at31 December 1986 •••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••.•..•••.•••• 137
14. Office for Projects Execution: schedule of programme deliveryand programme support cost income for the year ended31 December 1986 •.•••.••••••.•••••.••••••.•.•.••••..••.•...•••.. 138
15. Summary of income and expenditure for the years 1982 to 1986 ..•• 139
UNDP: TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNDP •..••••.••..••••••••.•••.•.•.• 140
16. Part I. Status of voluntary contributions pledged as at31 December 1986 •••••••••.•••••••••••••..•••••••••.••• 140
Part 11. Status of contribut ions to trust funds established bythe Administrator as at 31 December 1986 •••••••.••••.• 149
17. Part I. Status of Governments' and other contributors'cost-sharing contributions as at 31 December 1986 1';2
Part 11. Status of Governments' and other contributors'cost-sharing contributions to trust funds establishedb: the Administrator as at 31 December 1986 ••.•••..••• 154
18. Status of contributions to sub-trust funds established by theAdministrator as at 31 December 1986 ••.•••••....•.•••••••••••••• 155
19. Part I. Status of contributions to extrabudgetary activities asat 31 December 1986 •.••....•.••••...•••.••••••...••••• 161
Part 11. Status of contributions to extrabudgetary activities oftrust funds established by the Administrator as at31 December 1986 •••••.••••...•••.•.•.•••• _............ 161
20. Investments as at 31 December 1986 ..••.•.•••••.•.•.••.•..•••.••. 162
21. Budget appropriation for the biennium 1986-1987 and expenditurefor the year ended 31 December 1986 •..••.••••....•••.••......•.. 166
22. Administrative and programme support costs: budget appropriationand expenditure for the year ended 31 December 1986 •••.....•.••• 167
Notes to the financial _i.. _ t .. ,._ _.&0 ...a '-U\,,'C:HI l ..... .:::
-vi-
16il
AFESD
AsDB
eIDA
ECA
ECE
ECLAC
ESCAP
ESCWA
FAO
IAEA
TBRD
ICAO
IDA
IFAD
ILO
IMO
ITU
SIDA
UNCDF
UNCHS
UNCTAl'
UNDP
UNEP
UNESCO
UNFPA
UNFSSTD
UNHCR
UNIDO
UNIFEM
UNROB
UNSO
UNV
UPU
USAID
ABBREVIATIONS
ArrAb Fund for Economic and Social Development
Asian Developme~~ Bank
Canadian International Dev~lopment Agency
EconolPic Commission for Afr ica
Economic Commission for Europe
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
Food and Agr iCI' lture Organi:lation of the uni ted N'Uons
International Atomic Energy Agency
Int~rnational Bank for Reconstruction and Developmp.nt
International Civil Aviation Organization
International Development Association
International Fund for Aqricultural Development
International Labour Organisation
International Maritime Organization
International Telecommunication Union
Swedish International Development Authority
United Nations CapItal Development Fund
United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
United Nations Development Programme
United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
United Nations Fund for Population Activities
United Nations Financing System for Science and Technology forDevelopment
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
United Nations Development Fund for Women
United Nations Special Relief Office in Bangladesh
United Nations Sudano-Sahelian Office
united Nations Volunteers
Universal Postal Union
United States Agency for International Development
-vii-
WFP
WHO
WIPO
WMO
WTO
ABBREVTATIC[~S (continued)
World Food Prog~amme
Wor.ld Health Organization
World Intellectual Property Organization
World Meteorological Organizat'?n
World Tourism Organization
-viii--
LETTERS OF TRANSMITTAL
30 Apr il 1987
i r,
Pursuant to financial regulation 16.1, I have the honour to submit thefinancial statementn of the United Nations Development Programme as at31 Dacember 1986, ~hich I hereby approve.
Copies of these financial statements are also b~ing transmitted to theArlvisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions.
Accept, Sir, the assurances of my highest consideration.
(Signed) Andrew J. JOSEPIIOn behalf of William H. Draper Ill,
Administrator of theUnited Nations Development Programme
The Chairman of the Board of Auditorsunited NationsNew York
-ix-
20 July 1987
I have the honour t~ transmit to you the financial statemL'ts of the UnitedNaLions Development Programme for the financial period endco 31 December 1986,which were submitted by the Administrator. These statements have heen examined andinclude the audit opinion of the Board of AUDitors.
In addition, I have the honour to present the report of the Board ef Auditorswi~h respect to the above accounts.
Accept, Sir, the assurances of .ny highest consideration.
(Signeql R. T. NELSONAuditor General of Ghana
anJ Chairman of theUnited Nations Board of Auditors
The President of the General Assemhlyof the United Nations
New York, N.Y.
-x-
I. FINANCIAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1986
1. The Administrator hds the honour to submit his financial report for the yearended 31 December 1986, together with the audited financial statements of theUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for the year ended 31 December 1986 andthe report of the Board of Auditors. This submission is made in conformity withthe Financial Regulations of the United Nations Development Programme. Thefinancial statements consist of 27 statements ano 22 schedules, accompanied bynotes that are an integral part of the financial statements, and cover all fundsfor which the Administrator is responsible.
2. The UNDP flnancial statements incorporate expenditure data obtained from theexecuting agencies. As far as possible, the data are obtained from the agencies'audited statements or, when such statements are not available at the time of theyear-end closing of the UNDP accounting records, either from the agencies'statements as submitted for audit or from the agencies' unaudited interimstatements.
3. As at the date of preparation of the present financial statements, the statusof information received from the executing agencies was as follows:
(a) Audited statements were provided by the following executing agency:
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)
(b) statements as submitted for audit were provided by the followingexecuting agencies:
Asian Development Bank (AsDB)
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Maritime Organization (IHO)
International Telecommunic~tionUnion (ITU)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Bank
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (WTO)
(c) Unaudited interim statements for the 12-month period ended31 December 1986 were provided by the following agencies that do not require thecertification of their accounts by their external auditors at the end of the firstyear of a biennium~ this information will be submitted fo~ audit as part of theUNDP financial statements for the biennium 1986-1987:
United Nations
Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)
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Economic IInd Social Commission for Asia ann the Pacific (ESCAP)
Economic Commission for IJat in Amer ica ann the Car ibbean (ECLAC)
Economic and Sociill Commission for Western Asia (ESC~M)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
United Nations Industrial Development Organizat~on (UNIDO)
United Nations Centre for fluman Settlements (Habitat) (UNCUS)
Internat.ional I.abour Organisation (ILO)
I"ood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
International Tr~de Centre
United Nations Educationlll, Scientific and CulturalOrganization (UNESCO)
World Health Organization (WHO)
(d) AdjustniE'nts to prior years' programme expenditure and proqro.lmme supportcosts are Dhown in note 10 to the financial statements rather than in the financialreport, as was the practice in previous years.
Chang~s in accounting practices and policies in 1986
Financial regulations and rules
4. The 1986 financial statements have been prepared in accordance with theFinancial Regulations of UNDP, which were approved by the Governing Council at itstwenty-eighth session 1/ and its thirty-second session. ~/
In accordance with financial regUlation 14.1 (a), the Administratorestablished revised financial rules, which came into effect on 1 ,January 1986.
Accounting policies
6. A summary of significant ~ccounting policies app led in the preparation of ~he
financial statements for 1986 is provided in note 1 to the financial statements.The policies are essentially the same as those applied in 1985, excepL thatnote 1 (b) has now been amended to ref lect the fact that expendi tu re relat ing toprojects executed by Governments ill accounted for on the basis of cashdisbursements only.
7. A new provision wan created to red'lce the value of accounts receivable anr.deferred charqes for certain items for which sulfiden' information was notavailabl~ on the date of closing to permit ~hcir inclusion in tbe accounts or f0rwhich, in the case of possible writp-offs, the procedural requirements of theFirancial Regulations and Rules had not been completed .
..Y Official Record!> of the Ikonomic and Social Council 1981., SUPP~No. 11 (E/19tll/61/Rev.I), decision 81/28.
~/ Ihid., 1985, Supplement No. 11 (E/19tl5/32), decision 85/38.
Presentution of the accounts
8. 'rhe 1966 accounts are presented in eHBent ially the same format as that used inpreviollfl years. However, the following changes hllve been made:
(a) InformGt.L.• \ on the status of other trust funds established by theAdministrator, previously reported in two separate statpmentR, has been combined instatement xxv;
(bl Expe"~jtll[e IIgainst UNDP core activities by major category of expenditureis shown in sl.'i"dule 6.1,
(c) Progrc:mme delivery IInd programme support cost income of the Office forProjects Execution are shown in schedule 14)
(d) A summary of income and expenditure for the years 1962 to 1966 is givenin schedule 15,
(e) Information on the budget ~ppropriation and expenditure of the UnitedNations Capital Development Fund, the United Nations Revolving Fund for NaturalResources Exploration and the United Nations Trust Fund for Sudano-~lIhelian
Activities, previously reported in separate schedules, has been combined inschedule 21, along with information on the administrative and programme supportcosts of the United Nations Development Fund for Women.
Combined statement of income and ~xpenditure
for the year ended 31 Decembel 1966
9. The following table represents a combined statement of incom~ IInd expenditurefor the year ended 31 Decembel' 1986 in respect of the UNDP account, the trust fundsadministered by UNDP and the junior professional officers programme. It prOVidesan overview of the financial activities during the year of all funds for which tl.eAcministrator is responsible. The balance of each fund as at 31 December 1966represents the recorded value of the net assets of each fund as at that date,exclusive of fully funded resc.ves.
-3-
COllIOlnea ll'll::;OIIle anc1 expenl:llture for tOe year el'Kled. 3.1. Deceaoer i!lllta
(Mil.LiOnS of United states dollars)
AdJusted.balance as at.1. January .L!l8&
Source ot tunds
UNOE' account
IncOllleduril19
.L9 11&
Expenclltureouring
l.!l86
Bal.anceas at
31 ueceaoer 1986
VOluntary contrlbutlons and otr.~r lncomeSpeClal. Measures Fund tor tne ~ast
Oevelopeo COuntr1esCost-snarIng COntr1butlonscasn coullterpart contr1outlons~traoudgetary act1vlt1es
Suototal (statement IV)
Trust tunds
~ruat Fund tor Asslstance to COiOnlal.COuntr1es and Peoples (statement VI)
United Nat10ns cap1tal oevp.~o9ment Fund(statement VU)
Unlteo Nations Revo.1.Vll19 Func1 tor Natura.LResources Explorat1on (statement VIllI
Un1ted Nat10ns Trust Fund tor SudanoSanelian ActiVities (statement IX)
Unlted Nations Volunteers programme(statement X)
United Nations F1nanC1ng system torScience and Tecnnol.ogy tor Development(statement Xl)
Unlted Nations Spec1al. Fund tor Lana-l.ocKeoDeVelOp1ng Countries (statement XIl)
UNOE' Trust Fund tor tne ~tlonnOOd Programmeot tne Fund tor Nam1bla (statement XIll)
Un1ted Nat10ns Development Funo for Women(statement AIV)
UNOE' ~nergy Account (statement XV)Trust tunos estaO.1.1Snea oy tne
Aamlnlstrator (statements AVl to XAVIOener trust tunas aOlll1n1stered oy UNOP
(statement XXV!)Suo-trust tUndS estaollSned oy tne
Aam1n1strator (statement XXVIi)
Junl0r profess1onal off1cers programme(scneaule 13)
Total
1:17.U&.0
.L"'.4
.U.ll.4
0.4
8!1.5
.L5.3
3.0
.L.6
4.340.5
0.11
.L3.!I
~.7
!:I.L3.4.&.:.1.0
.1.09.(17.3
.Lt. 7
.1. 0511.4
0.0
311.",
.1..6
.L.S
0.0
0.6
o. .&.
U.7
.LOO •.&.
iJ.l
.L 169.7
78J.U.1.0.3
9.LJ.7
0.4
J.L.~ !I
11.3
.1.0.3
0.3
0.'"
.LO!l.6
J. 033.J.
JJ.J.!:IJO.4
4bl.l.
0.0
11.6
l3.0
3.0
5• .1.
0.3
l.4.13.1>
0.7
!I.5
6• .1.
y InC.ludJ.ng a tunnel: ot $:l.H 1II1.l..1.1,'n to Unlte<! Nat10ns capitaJ. Deve.L0PMnt Pund Opera.tionalReS('Clle.
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UNO? account
10. I\s shown in the statement of income and expendit.ure (statement I), totalincome for the year ended 31 December 1986 amounted to $1,056.4 million, totalexpend i ture to $911. 2 mi 11 ion, I:Ind the provis ion to reduce the book value ofaccounts receivable ar.d deferred charges to $2.5 million. Thus the excess ofincome over expenditure and the provision to reduce the book vlllue of accountsreceivable and deferred charges amounted to $142.7 million.
11. Statement IV shows the excess of income over expenditure or$142.7 million, attributable as follows:
(a) A surplus of $J.29.6 million in respect of UNDP general resourcesl
(b) A surplus of $1.7 million in respect of the Special Measures Fund forthe Least Developed Countriasl
(c) A surplus of $10.2 million in respect of cost-sharing contributionSI
(d) A deficit of $0.3 million in respect of caEh counlerpartcontributions;
(e) A surplus of ~1.5 million in respect of extrabudgetary activities.
12. There was an overall increase in expenditure of $133.l million comparedwith 1985 (statement I). For the same period, income increased by$183.4 million. Statement III gives d~tails of the changes in the financialposition during the year and shows that cash and investments held by UNDPincreased from $544.5 million at the beginning of the year to $735.4 million asat 31 December 1986.
~ment contributions
13. Tne arrears of government contributions to UNOP for 1986 and prior yearsamounted to $83.9 million as at 31 December 1986, as shown in the note tostatement 11. This represented a net decrease of $20.3 million over theposition as at 31 December 1985, when the arrears amounted to $104.2 million,and is mainly attributable to the decrease in outstanding voluntarycontributions from $56.0 million at the end of 1985 to $40.0 million at th~ endof 1986 and the decrease in outstanding cash counterpart contributions from$11.5 million to $8.3 million. Note 6 to the financial statements provides ananalysis of the arrears as at. 31 December 1986 by type of contribution and byyear.
Extr3budgetary activities
14. As shown in schedule 7, extrabudgetary expenditure in 1986 amounted to$13.2 million. Income received for these activities in 1986 totalled$14.7 million and the unexpended balance as at 31 Oecember 1986 was$13.9 milliun.
-5-
Special programme resources
15. Bxpenditure incurred by executing agencies on projec~s financed by the specialprogramme resources in 1986 amounted to $13.9 million, as shown in schedule 5.Note 2 to the financial statements shows that total utilization of the specialprosramme resources during the third programme cycle (1982-1986) amounted to$33.6 million)ut of an allocation of $54.6 million, which left a balance as at31 December 19~6 of $21.0 million.
16. At its thirty-third session, the Governing Council authorized the carry-overfrom the third to the fourth progral~ing cycle ef both the unallocated specialprogramme resource funds and those ~llocated but not budgeted as at31 December 1986. 1/ As a result, ~he carry-over of $20.8 million will be added tothe unauthorized level of $76.4 million.
17. At its thirty-second session, the Governing Council approved, for an initialexperimental period extending to 31 December 1987, the establishment of a projectdevelopment facility to improve the quality and effectiveness of progran~es andprojects financed by UNDP. 4/ The allocation of $1.0 million for this facility isfinanced from special programme resources earnings for programme development. Thestatus of this development facility as at 31 December 1986 shows that commitmentsof $760,000 were made for a total of 51 projects. Total expenditure for thefacility in 1986 amounted to $449,413.
Special Measures Fund for the Least Developed Countries
18. Schedule 5 shows expenditure of $10.3 million incurred in 1986 out of theSpecial Measures Fund for the Least Developed Countries. Contributions received b:'the Fund during 1986 totalled $12.U million, as shown in schedule 1. The excess ofincome over expenditure during the year, .)ounted t.o $1. 7 milli<,.) ann the unexpendedbalance as at 31 December 19R6 was $30.4 million (statement IV .•
UNDP biennial bud~
19. At its thirty-third Re~s~on in June ~986, the Governing Council approved grossappropriations of $334,199,500, less income estimates of $50,703,600, resulting innet appropriations of $283,495,900, for the purpose of financing programme supportand administrative sf'rvices CO'lts under the UNDP biennial budget. for 1986-1987. 2/
:W. 'rhe total gross appropriations approved consisted 0 :
(a) $]20,7]5,900 (net: $270,0]2,100) charqeable to the resources of UNDP;
(hI $6,195,~JO in respect of the United Nations Capital DevelnpmentFund (UNCDFI chargeable to che resources of that Funn;
1/ !hid., ~986, Supplement No. ~ (B/1986/29), decision 86/30 •
.iI Ihid., 1985, SuppLement No. 11 (B/1985/32), decision 85/4.
2/ Ibid., 1986, Supplement No. 9 (E/1986/29), decision 86/43.
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(c) $3,034,200 in respect of the united Nations Revolving f'und for NaturalResources Exploration (lmRFNRE) chargeable to the resources of that Fund,
(u) $4,232,900 in respect of the United Nations Rudano-Sahe1ian Office (UNSO)chargeable to the resources of that Office.
21. At its thirty-third session in February 1986, &/ the Governing Councilapproved appropriations in the amount of $2,172,000 to be a11ocate~ from therdsources of the I'nited Nations Development F'und for Women (IlNIFEM) to finance itsbUdget for the 1986-1987 biennium.
22. Detailed information on the gross expenditure incurred during the year ended31 December :)86 against the gross and net appropriations for the 1986-1987biennium is given in schedule 6 in respect of the costs met from the resources ofUNDP and in schedule 21 in respect of the costs m~t from the re~ources of UNCOF,UNRFNRE, UNSO nnd UNJ?EM.
Office for Projects Execution
23. At its thirty-third session in June 1986, the Governing Council notef thecarry-forward of $900,000 of 1984-1985 support cost earnings for use in thebiennium 1986-1987. 2/
24. Programme delivery by th r Office for Projects Execution during 1986 tota \ling$125.8 million comprises $57.4 million relating to UNOP projects, $39.7 milliunrelating to UNFP}\, and trust funds and $28.7 million relating to manageme.. t serviceagreements, as shown in schedule 14. Total support cost income earned amounted to$10.0 million, while support cost expenditure in 1986 totalled $8.6 million.
&/ Ibid., decision 86/7
2/ Ibid., decision tl6/43.
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Construction and capital improvement_of UNDP housing and office hlli!cHn';jn
25. UNDP incurred construction and capital improvement costs totallingSUS 3.0 million in respect of housIng and field office premises. 'fhese costs wereas follows:
Field office premises
NepalSoma 1ia
rield housing
BrazilChadGahonSudan - Juba
Total
Costs incurred(United staten dollars)
1 351 U596 300
1 447 495
104 82367 290
317 000.l..J!.2..6 500
1 585 613
3 033 108
Year(s) in whichcosts were
incurrpd
1985 and 19861970
1972198319691973-1974 and1977-1978
Property written off, ex gratia payment3_and write-offs of cash anel receivables
26. The value of UNDP non-expendable property written off during 1986 inaccordance with l/NDP financial regulation 14.4 amount.eel to $82,607. '~rite-offs ofproperty are invest igated by the UNDP hea,iquarter s Pcoperty Survey Board and aresubsequently approved by thf' Assistant. Adminifltrator of the Bureau for Finance andAdministraticn.
27. One ex gratia payment amounting to $5,000 was maele uncier financialregulation 14.3 to the widow of a former employee of the UNDP field offl:e inSenegal. It was determined the paym~nt was jUfltified on humanitarian grounds andwas in the interest of UNDP.
28. Write-offs of cdsh and accountfl teceivable amounting to $49,044 were approvedunder UNDP financial reljulation 14.4 and financial rule 114.15. Detailn of allamounts wri tten of f were made ava i l"ble to the Roan: of Aud i tor s.
Trust funds ~dministered by UNDP
29. The statuH of the trust funds adminlstered by UNDP as at 31 December 1986 isshown in statements VI to XXVll. 1'he budget appu.. oriations for the bienniu~,
1986-1987 and expen1iture for the year ended 31 December 1986 for the UnitfdNati.ons Capital Df'velopment Programme, the United Nations Rel/olving Fund forNatural Resources Exploration, the United Nations Trust Fund for Sudano-SahelianActivities and the United Nations iJevelopment Fund for Women are given in
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schedule 21. The administrative and programme support costs of the United Natll,nsFinancing System for Science and Technology for Development are given insche~ule 22. Details of contributions pledged for all trust funds are given inschedules ]6, 17, 18 and 19, while investments made on behalf of all trust fundsare shown in schedule 20. The financial position as at 31 Decembe~ 1986 of thejunior professl.onal officers programme is reported in schedule 13.
Trust Fund for Assistance to Colonial Countries and Peoples
30. This trust fund ~as established following the implementation of theDeclaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, inaccordance with General Assembly resolutions 1514 (XV) of 19 December 1960 and3118 (XXVIII) of 12 December 1973, to finance humanitarian assi8t~nce projects ofnational liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity.
31. As shown in statement VI, the Fund's income amounted to $9,525 and its totalexpenditu:e was $413,470. At the end of 198~, the balance of the tund was $780, ofwhich unspent allocations amounted to $225. Steps will be taken in 1987 to seekthe Governing Council's approval to dissolve this Trust Fund.
united Nations Capita] DevelOpment Fund
32. This Fund was established by the General Assembly in its resolution 2186 (XXI)of 13 Dee. '!mber 1966 and placed under th;a authvrity of the Administrator of UNDP andthe Governing Council by resolution 2321 (XXII) of 15 December 1967. The Fundprovides capital fin~ncing for projp.cts that directly and immediately benefitlOW-income groups in the least developed countries.
33. As shown in statement VU, the total income of the Fund in 1986 amounted to$38.3 million and expenditure to $29.1 million. At its twenty-sixth sesston, theGoverning Council decided that the Fund should establish and maintain anoperational reserve of no less than 20 per cent of the Fund's projectcommitments. 8/ As at 31 Oer-ember 1986, the balance of the opera:ional l'!serveamounted to $27.8 million, which inclUdes a guaranty reserve equivalent tv20 per cent of the total contingent liabilities for guaranties entered into by theFund in respect of bank loans granted by Governments. At the end of 1986, the Fundhad a balance of $95.8 million exclusiv~ of its operational ~eserve.
34. As at 31 December 1986, the unspent allocations amounted to $139.7 million,which was $43.9 million more than the unspent balance of funds available at ~hat
date. This reflects the decision made by the Governing Council at its twenty-ninthsession to continue the partial fund\ng system. 2/
35. Under authority of financial regUlation 5.1, the Administrator established in1986 the UNCDF sub-trust fund for irrigated agriculture in the Fartar Plain. TheGovernment of Belgium is the donor for this sub-trust fund. The status of allBub-trust funds is shown in statement XXVII.
~/ ~., 1979, Supplement No. 10 (E/1979/40), decision 79/21, para. 4.
1/ ~., 1982/ Supplement No. 6 (E/1982/l6/Rev.l), decisi~n 82/22, para. 6.
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Un~ted Nations Revolving Fund for Natural Res')urces Exploration
36. This trust fund was established by the General Assembly in its resolution3167 (XXVIII) of 17 December IS73, in which it recognized the need to extend andintensify the activities of the United Nations systgm to meet the need for naturalresources exploration in developing countries in order to accelerate their economicdevelopment. Governments receiving assistance from this trust fund have undertakento make replenishment contributions to the Fund when the projects financed by theFund lead to commercial production.
37. During 1986, an agreement was sign~d between the Fund and the Government ofSaint Lucia for management services to be provided by the Fund and financed by theUnited States Agency for International Development. The balance of this account asat 31 December ]986 was $595,392.
38. As shown in statement VIII, the total income of the Fund in 1986 amounted to$1.6 million and expenditure to $8.3 million. At the cnd of 1986, the balance ofthe Fund was $8.6 million.
United Nations Trust Fund for Sudano-Sahelian Activities
39. This trust fund was established pursuant to General Assembly re!lolution3253 (XXIX) of 4 December 1974 and Economic and Social Council resolution1918 (LVIII) of 9 May 1975. In October 1976, the Secretary-General of the UnitedNations delegated to the Administrator of UNDP the full responsibility for theadministration, control and operation of the Fund, including the administration anddirection of the United Nations Sudano-Sahelian Office (UNSO) at headquarters andin the field. UNSO acts as the primary United Nations contact with the PermanentInter-Stata Committee on Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) and, in consultationwith CII~S and the Governments concerned, selects and implements priority projectscontained in the CILSS programme of medium-term and long-term recovery bndrehabilitation in the drought-stricken Sahelian countries.
40. As shown in statement IX, the total income of the Fund in 1986 amounted to$16.6 million and expenditure to $10.3 million. At the end of 1986, the unspentallocations amounted to $23.8 million, which was $0.8 million more than the unspentbalance of funds available a~ that date. This excess allocation was made on thebasis that the outstanding cost-sharing contributions pledged by Governments forthe current and prior years amounted to $16.3 million.
41. The status of all sub-trust funds is shown in statement XXVII.
United Nations Sudano-Sahelian Office - Plan of Action to Combat Desertification
42. The United Nations Sudano-Sahelian Office is responsible for assisting, onbehalf of the united Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the countries of theSudano-Sahelian regi0n in the implementation of the Plan of Action to CombatDesertification. The work is carried out as a UNDP!UNEP joint venture, with bothpr~lrammes contributing equal shares of programme (operational) support andadministrative (institutional) support. Details of contributions received andexpenditure incurred for the UNDP!UNEP joint venture are giv~n in note 19 (b) tothe financial statements. Data relating to the UNDP!UNEP joint venture(institutional support) for the biennium 1986-1987 and expenditure for the yearended 31 December 1986 are shown in schedule fi.
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United Nations Volunteers
43. This pr(~ramme was eEtabliRhed by the General Assembly in its resolution2659 (XXV) of 7 December 1970. As shown in statement X, the total income of theUnited Nations Volunteers (UNV) programme in 1986 amounted to $2.2 million andexpp.nditure to $2.2 million. At the end of 1986, the balance of the UNV programmewas $3.0 million.
44. At its thirty-third session, the Governing Council approved an exceptionalallocation of $791,630 to be charged against th~ support cost resources of UNDP andto he treated as extrabudgetary income for the UNV programme in order to permit animmediate strengthening of its administrative capacity. This allocation coveredthe period from 1 September 1986 through 31 December 19b7. 10/ As a result, anamount of $197,906 was credited as extrabudgetary income farthe lINV programme in1986.
45. Under the authority of financial regulation 5.1, the Administrator establishedin 1986 the UNV sub-trust fund entitled Republic of Korea Trust Fund for UNVs andTraining. The Government of the Republic of Korea is the donor for this sub-tr~~~
fund. The status of all :rust funds i shown in statement XXVII.
United Nations Financing System for Science and Technology for Development
46. The General Assembly, by its resolution 34/218 of 19 December 1979, decided toestablish a United Nations Financing Syctem for Science and Technology forDevelopment to finance activities intended to strengthen the indigenous scientificand technological capacities of the developing countries, and decided that theFinancing System should be a vehicle for the mobilization, co-ordination,channell i ng and disbu;:sement of financial resources related thereto. By th"" sameresolution, the General Assembly also decided to create a United Nations InterimFund for Science and Technology for Develo~ment pending the establishment of thelong-term arrangements for the Financing System. The Interim Fund was establishedtor a two-year period ending 31 December 1981 and responsibility for itsadministration was delegated to UNDP.
47. The Governing Council, at its twenty-eiqhth session, authorized theAdministrator to make arrangements to ensure an orderly transition from the InterimFund (termination date 31 December 1981) to the Financing System, operative as from1 January 1982. 11/ The year 1982 was designated by the General Assembly, in itsresolution 36/18~of 17 December 1981, a year of transition for the FinancingSystem, during which time institutional arrangements should be determined,inter alia, in tte light of the magnitude of the financial resources and the natureof operations of the Financing System. By the same resolution, the GeneralAssembly also decided that the general operational provisions of the Interim Fund,including its resources. organization and management, as well as the proceduresestablished in the annex to resolution 34/218, would apply and be transferred tothe Financing System during the transitional period.
10/ ~., 1986, Supplement No. 9 (E/1986/29), decision 86/43, para. 4.
11/ Ihid., 1981, Supplement No. 11 (E/198l/61IRev.1) , rlecision 81/9.
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48. In 1980, a programme reserve was created by transferring from the unexpendedresources an amount equal to 2 per cent of the contributions received! this wasd~ne in accordance with the oper~tional procedures established for the Fund inresolution 34/218.
49. This programme reserve was to be used by thp. AdminJfltrator at his discr._~,~on
for purposes consistent with the Vienna Progtamme of Action on Science andTechnology for Development 12/ and "ith the guidelines established by the GeneralAssembly and the Intergover~entalCommittee'on S~ience and Technology forDevelopment, to ensure the flexibility and innovative c~pacity of the FinancingSystem and its ability to provide catalytic Hupport.
50. On the basis of the recommendations of the Intergovernmental Committee 011
Science and Technology for Developmel,t to the General Assembly, 11/ the GoverningCouncil at its thirty-third session decided that the Administrator should eptablisha facility in the form of a trust fund for science and technology for developmentwith effect from 1 January 1987, on the understanding that, in the event that thedecioic', of the General Assembly dilfered significantly from that proposed by theCommittee, the Administrator would again consult the Governing Co~ncil at itsFebrua.y 1987 session. li/
51. The General Assembly, by its resolution 41/183 of 8 December 1986 decided toterminate the united Natior.s Financing System for Science and Technology f0rDevelopr.;ent as .!It 31 December 1986 and to transfer its responsibilities andresources to a facility entitled "United Nations Fund (or Science and Technologyfor Development", to be established as a trust fund under the administration of the~d~inistrator of UNDP.
52. As shown in statement XI, the total income of the Financing System in 1986amounted to $1.5 million and expenditure to $2.4 million. After $17,940 wastransferred to the programme reserve, the b~lance in the Fund at the end of 1986was $5.1 million, excluding the programme reserve. As at 31 December 1986, thebalance of the programme reserve was $59,247. Unspent allocations of the Financingsystem amounted to $4.0 mi llion.
53. An appropriation totalling $1.5 million net for the admir{strative andprogramme support costs of the United Nations Financing System for Science and'rechnology for Developmen~ (UNFSSTD) for the year ending 31 December 1986 wasendorsed by the Anvisory Commit,tee on Administrative aad Budgetary Questions.Expeniture against this appropriation is reported in schedule 22.
12/ Report of the United Nations Conf~rence on Science and Technology forDpvelopment, Vienna, 20-31 August 1979 (United Nations pUblication, SalesNo. E.79.I.21 and corrigenda), chap. VII.
11/ Official ~ecolds ,of the General Assembly, Fo~ty-first Session, Supplement.f'l_(,-~-ll (11./41/371, ,ect. 11, resolution 6 (VUT).
~I Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 1986, SupplementNo. 9 (E/l986/29), decision 86/3P.
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54. Under authority of financial regulation 5.1, the Administrator established in1986 the UNFSSTD sub-trust fund entitled "Technological information pilot system demonstration phase". The Government of Italy is the donor for this sub-trustfund. The status of all sub-trust funds is shown in statement XXVII.
United Nations Special Fund for Land-locked Developing Countries
55. This trust fund was established by the General Assembly at its thirtiethsession in order to provide assistance to the land-locked developing countries inreducing the additional transport and transit costs facing them. At itsthirty-first session, the General Assembly, in reso~ution 31/177 of21 December 1976, approved the statute of the Fund and requested UNOP, in closecollaboration with the secretariat of the united Nations Conference on Trade andDevelopment, to manage the Fund during an interim period. As shown instatement XII, the total income of the Fund in 1986 amounted to $59,925 andexpenditure to $337,130. At the end of 1986, the balance of the Fund, consistingof unspent allocations, amounted to $328,261.
56. At its fortieth session, the General Assembly, in decision 40/448 A of17 December 1985, based on Governing Council decision 85/32 of 28 June 1985,requested the Secretary-General to take steps to dissolve this trust fund by31 December 1986 and to transfer all uncommitted resources to the general resourcesof UNDP. Action was taken in this respect during 1986 and $52,295 ~as transferredto the general resources of UNDP.
UNDP Trust Fund for the Nationhood Programme of the Fund for Namibia
57. By its resolution 31/153 of 20 December 1976, the General Assembly decided tolaunch, in support of the nationhood of Namibia, a comprehensive assistanceprogramme within the United Nations system. The Assembly further called upon theUnited Nations Council for Namibia to elaborate, in consultation with the SouthWest Africa People's Organization, the guidelines and policies for such a programmeand to direct and co-ordinate its implementation.
58. The united Nations Council for Namibia designated the office of the UnitedNations Commissioner for Namibia as the co-ordinating authority for the nationhoodprojects, under the direction of the Committee on the United Nations Fund forNamibia. The Council for Namibia further requested the Commissioner for Namibia,within the framework of the executive and administrative tasks entrusted to him, tohold consultations with UNDP with a view to reaching administrative arrangementsfor the implementation of the Nationhood Programme, including a proposal that thedisbursement of funds for all Nationhood Programme projects should be channelledthrough UNDP. Pursuant to the above, the Administrator of UNOP and the UnitedNations Commissioner for Namibia agreed that the UNOP Trust Fund for the NationhoodProgramme of the Fund for Namibia should be established under the administration ofthe Administrator.
59. As shown in statement XIII, the total income of this Fund in 1986 amounted to$0.6 million and expenditure to $0.7 million. At the end of 1986, the balance ofthe Fund was $1.4 million after the transfer of interest income totalling $128,058to the United Nations. The balance of unspent allocations amounted to $1.5 million.
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!:!nited Nations Development ~'und for W~~
60. At its thirtieth 8ession, the General Assembly decided that the Voluntl!lry Fundfor the International Women's Year should be extended to cover the period of tta'United Nations Decade for Women, 1976-1985. In pursuance of that decision, therescurces of the Voluntary ~'und for the International Woman' 8 Year were trl!lnsfer rpdto the Voluntl!lry Fund for the United Nations Decdde for Women, which WI!lS
estl!lbLished by the Assembly by its reAolution 31/133 of 16 December 19'76. Theresources ot the [·'und were to be utilized to s\lpplc""ent ilctivities delliqnf'd toreilLize the goals of the (Inited Nl!ltions Decl!l'ie for Women, priority being 'Jivf>n tothp. r,~lated prO<Jrl!lmmes ~nd projecttl of the least rleveloperl, ll!ln<i-lockp.d anrl ifll<1llrldeveloping countries.
6l. In June 19&0, 11 memorl!lnrlum of unrlerstanrling between tbe SecretHry-Gen~rlll ofthe United Nations anrl the Administrator of UNDP established a supplemf'ntary trustf'lnCl entitled "UNDP Trust Fund for Projects Financed by the Voluntary ~'unci for tllP.United Nations Decade for Women" and delegated thp responsibilit.y for itsadministration and mllna':}cment to the Administrator of UNDP.
62. At its thirty-ninth session, tbe General Assembly, by resnl~tion ]9/l2~ 'lfl4 December 1984, decided to close the Voluntary Funrl for the United Nations Decarlefor Women and continue its activities throllgh the establish,lIent of the UnitedNadons Developmen_ Fund for Women unde: the administration of UNDP. At itsthl,ty-second session in June 1985, the Governing Council noted the arrangementsmade bv the Arlministrator of UNOP to 8ccept responsibility for the United NationsDevelopment Fund for Women on 1 July 1985. ]2/
';J. As shown in statement XIV, the total income of this Funrl in 19'16 amounted to$4.9 million and expenditu~e to $5.2 million. At the end of 1986, the balance ofthe Fund was $12.2 million, of which l;r.spent allocations amounterl to $8.2 million.
64. Unrler the authority of financial regUlation 5.1, the Arlministrator establisherlthe following sub-trust funrls in 1986 fot' UNH'EM:
Sub-trust fund
(a) CIDA/UNIFEM Trust Funu for Women in AppropriateFood Cycle Technologies in Africa
(b) Contribution to t~e Centre for Soci~1 Developmen~
ilnd I!umanit.arlan A1fairA
The ntatus of all sub-trust funds Is shown in statement XXVII.
lJNlJP J';neryy Account
nonor
Canada
,Japan
65. lit its tW!nty-seventh ~H!ssion, the (;overnin'l Council iluthorize,l theIIclminlstriltor, nn ilrl interim basis, to neek anrl <lccept voluntary contributionn forprnjectfl to belp :"eet urgent nearl!! fot' dl18istancf' to rlevelopin'l countries,"flpecially the poorest among them, In t.he em!rqy secto!", without [ll'f'judicp to
lV -!~!., 19lJ5, Supplement No. I.l (IVI98'i/J2), cleelnion 85/35.
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[UturH arrang~mentH that may r~sult from the review of the United Nations Revolving~'lIl1d for Natural Resources gxploratJon provioed for HI Economic ann Social Councilresolution 1979/65 and from the United Nations Conference on New and RenewableSources of ~;nergy held at Nairobi in 1981. ~/
66. As shown in statement XV, lotal income in 1986 amounted to $4.5 million andexpenditure to $6.4 million. At the end of 191J6, the balance of the t"und was$2.5 million of which unspent allocations amounted to $4.6 million. Theallocations exceeded resources by $2.2 million as certain futute years' allocationswere issued on the basis of coat-sharing contributions receivable for the current,prJor and future y~ars.
:.!'ru,;L funds established by the Administrator
67. The following trust funds were established by the Administrator in 1986:
lJNDP/CIDA Trust ~'und for the Pakis'Jn lIouseh,)ld Survey Capability Programme
UNDP Trust Fund for Receipt of Payments by Users of the Caribbean ProjectDevelopment Facility
UNDP/Live Aid Foundation Trust Fund
UNDP/United Support of Artists for Africa Trust Fund
Government of France Trust Fund for the UNDP/World Bank Ene~gy SectorAssessment Progra~~e
Trust Fund for the Train~~ the USSR of Specialists from Developing Countries
68. This trust fund was established by the Administrator in Rept.ember 1982 tofinance training activities in the USSR for specialists from developing countries.As ahown in statement XVII, total income in 1986 amounted to $1.8 million a:ldexpenditure to $2.5 million. At the end of 1986, the balance of the Fund was$1.5 million, of which unspent allocations amounted to $0.9 million.
'trust Fund for the Special Netherlands Contributions for the Least DevelopedCountries-----69. 'rhis trust (und w~s established by the Administrator on 5 December 1983 toHnhance the effectiveness of round-table conferences on least d~veloped countries,to mouilize additional development rp-sources for the implementation of projecta nndprogrammeB identified in the round-table conference process and to contribute tothe achievement of development goals .dentified in country programmes for leastneveloped countries for which UNDP re'iources were lacking.
70. As Hhown in statement XVIII, total income in 1986 amounted to $418,154 annexpenditure to $1.9 million. At the end of 1986. the balance of the ~'und was$3.4 million, of which unspent allocations amounted to $1.8 million.
~/ Ibid., ~SupplementNo. 12 (E/1980/42/Rev.l), necislon 80/27.
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UNO? Trust Fund for Developing Countries Afflicted Ly Famine and Malnutrition
11. By paragraph 1 (a) of resolution 3b/20l of 20 December 1983, the Generll1Assembly decided to liquid~t,· the United Nations Emergen~v Operation Trust Fund andto trlllnnfer 70 pel cent of the remaining balance of that Fund to UNOI' for thE"purpose of financing urgently needed projects, primarily in the food andagricultural sectors in ~ountries afflic,ed by famine and malnutrition as a result,particul&rly, of severe or prolonged drought, with special emphasis on Africancountries. The Administrator established this trust fund on 20 December 1983.
72. As shown in statem~nt XIX, total income in 1986 amounted to $1.4 million andexpenditure to $8.4 million. At the end of 1986, the balan~e of the Fund was'11.0 million, of which unApent allocations amounted to $8.9 million.
?~~ez-GuerreroTrust Fund for Economic and Techllical Co-operation among Developing
~.!!
73. By paragraph 1 (c) of resolution 38/201, the General Assembly decided ~o
transfer 12 per cent of the remaining balance of the United Nations EmergencyOperation Trust Fund to UNDP for the purpose of promoting economic and technicalco-operation among developing countries according to the priorities set by them.Since the Administrator establi~hed this trust fund on 31 December 1983, a processof consultations with the developing countries through the Group of 77 has beeninitiated by the Administrator.
74. As shown in statement XX, total income in 1986 amounted to $466,082 andexpenditure to '717,161. At the end. of 1986, th:e balance of the Fund was'6.5 million, of which unsp~nt allocations amounted to $1.5 million.
UNO? Trust Fund for Assistance to Refugee-related Development Projects in Africa
75. This trust fund was establish by the Administrator on 30 October 1984 forthe purpose of financing refugee-related infrastructural projects of adevelopmental n"ture, pursuant to the relevant provisions of General Assemblyresolution 37/197 of 18 December 1982 and of the Declaration and Programme ofAction of the Second International Conference on Assistance to Refugees in Africa(A/39/402, al:nex). The General Assembly, in paragraph 5 of its rI~solution 37/197,requested the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in close co-operation withthe Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity nnd the United NatIonsHigh CommissIoner for Refugees, to convene a second International Conference onAssIstance to Refugees in Africa in 1984, inter alia, "to consider the impactimposed on the national economies of the African countries con~p.rned and to providethem with the aS9istance reqUired to strengthen their social and eC0nomicinfrastructure so as to E"nable them to cope with the burde~ of dealing with largenumbers of refugees and returnees". The Declaration and Programme of Action ofthat Conference stated, in paragraph 11 of part 11, thal "UNOI', in view of itscentral co-ordinating role within the United Nationa system for development and itsclose linkages with donor communities, could be asked to take as soon as possible aleading part in the co-ordination, implementation and monitoring of refugee-relatedinfrastructural projects of a developmental nature in close aSflociation with itspartners and other donors".
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76. As shown in statement XXI, total income in 1986 amounted to $0.6 million ~nd
expenditure to $391,471. At the end of 1986, the balance of the Fund was$7.9 million, of which unspent allocations amounted to $2.6 million.
UNDP Trust Fund to Combat Poverty and Hunger in Africa
71. T~is trust fund was established by the Administrator on 21 November 1984 ir,the light of his concern and that of the international community for the economicand LJcial crisis affecting many countries in Africa as expressed, inter alia, inGeneral Assembly resolution 38/199 of 20 December 1983, on special measures for lhesocial and economic development of Africa in the 1980s, and in UNDP Governing~ouncil decision 84/18 of 29 June 1984, on the economic and social crisis inAfrica. The resources of the Fund are to be utiliz~d to finance technical and/orcapital assistance projects desig~ed to combat poverty and hunger in Aftica.
78. As shown in statement XXII, total income in 1986 amounted to $2.) million andexpenditure to $2.2 million. At the end of 1986, the balance of the Fund was$43,341.
79. The statuR of the sub-trust fund entitled "Ethiopia-Italy Programme ofRehabi 11 tation and Development" is shown in statement XXVI 1.
Trust Fund for the Norwegian Contribution to the Angolan Petroleum Training Centrein Sumbe
80. This trust fund was established by the Administrator on 19 March 1984 toexpand the Angolan petroleum training school into a regiona) centre in order tomeet the training needs for manpower in the oil industries ef the Southern AfricanDevelopment Co-ordination Conference countries. The assistance provided is toupgrade the training capabilities of the instructors and provide teaching equipment.
81. As shown in statement XXIII, total income in 1986 amounted to $0.9 million andexpenditure to $0.5 million. At the end of 1986, the balance of the Fund was$42,999 in deficit, of which unspent allocations amounted to $658,738 andallocations issurd in excess of resources amount~d to $701,737. Efforts willcontinue in 1987 to rectify ~he status of this Funo.
Other.~ funds established by the Administrat.or
82. Other trust funos established by the Administrator are as follows:
Inittal Initiative Against Avoidable Disablement (IMPACT) - statement XVI
Trust funds establishe .• by the Administrator in respect of World BankProjects - statement XXIV
UNDP!CIDA Trust Fund for Caribbean Project Development Facility - statement XXV
'I'rust Fund for the Training in Bulgaria of Special iats from DevelopingCountries - statement XXV
Australian Development Assistance Bureau (ADABl!UNDP Programme Trust Fund statement XXV
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UNDP Tru3t Fund for Action on Development Issues - statement XXV
UNDP Trust Fund for support to the Programmea of the Ministry of Planninq ofCosta Rica - statement XXV
UNOP Trust Fund for Assistance to the Technical Co-operation ~'und between Peruand Argentina to Administer Food Aid - statement XXV
CIDA/UNOP Trust Fund for the Pakistan National Household survey CapabilityProgramme - statement XXV
UNOP Trust Fund for Receipt of Payments by Users of the Caribbean DevelopmentFacility - statement XXV
UNDP/Live Aid Foundation Trust Fund - statement XXV
UNDP/United Support of Artists for Africa Trust Fund - statement XXV
Government of France Trul't Fund for the UNOP/World Rank Fnergy SectorAssessment Programme - statement XXV
Other trust funds administered by UNDP
83. Other trust funds administered by UNDP, as shown in statement XXVI, are asfollows:
United Ni ions Trust Fund for Operational Programme in Lesotho
United Nations Trust Fund foe Provision of Operational (OPEX) Personnel inSwaziland
UNDP Development Study Programme
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11. REPORT OF THE BOARD OF AUDITORS
Introduction
1. As required by General Assembly resolution 74 (I) of 7 December 1946 andarticle XVII of the Financial Regulations of the United Nationb Devel~pment
Programme (UNDP), the Board of Auditors has audited the accounts of UNDP for theyear ended 31 December 1986.
2. The examination was made in accordance with article XII of the ~inancial
Regulations of the United Nations and the annex thereto and with the commonaUditing standards adopted by the Panel of Externa'. Auditorll of the United Nations,tha specializE,d agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency. Theexaminatioll wall carried out at UNDP headquarters in New York and at field officesin Ethiopia, the La0 People's Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Mexico, the Republicof Korea and Zimbabwe.
3. The Board of Auditors continued its normal practice of reporting the resultsof specific audits 1n the field and at headquarters and issuing management letterscontaining detailed audit observations to the Administration. This practice onceagain helped in maintaining a continuous dialogue with the Admi.tistration.Pursuant to regulation 12.9, the Board engaged the serviceR of two commercialpublic audit auditors for specific assignments.
4. The following sections deal with the matters that, in the opinion of theBoard, should be brought to the attention of the General As~embly. We havediscussed all our observations with the Administration and, where appropriate, itsviews have been reflectea in this report.
Summary of recommendations
5. We recommend that the following corrective actions, presented in order ofpriority, be taken:
(a) Accounting pr inciples, procedures and cont:ols shlluld be reviewed alongth~ Lines detailed in th~ report and summarized in the ~udit opinion in order toimprove the accuracy onc.' the informative value of the !inane ial statements)
(b) Guidelines for projer.:t preparation and implumentation should be issuedand/or updated, and strict compliance by executing bodies and UNDP tl~ld officesshould be enforced, pdrticul~rly with a view to preventing increased d~livery atthe expense of quality or .!ability)
(c) "Core activities" should be b:oken down according to a more detailedpattern of appropriation lines in the blennial bUdget ~~bmitted to the GoverningCouncil of UNDP for approval, and stricter budgetary discipline should be enforced.
Summary of findings
6. The layout and contents of the financial statements could be improved with aview to making them clearer, more informative and easier to understand.
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7. StatAments I and 11 are not ~ntirely accurate, particularly with respect totransactions with executing agencies and Governments in their capacity as executingagencies (programme ~xpenditurti, unliquidated obligationb, programme support costs,operating funds and accounts receivable are cases in point). In addition, thelines entitled "Other accounts receivable and deferred charges" and "Accountspayable" in statement 11 includ~ a large number ot suspense and clearing accountsthat, in our opinion, were not sufficiently reviewed before the issuance of the1985 statements. Travel accounts are a major case in point.
8. Stated accounting principle& 3hould be qualified regarding non-expendableproperty and the basis for recording tncome and expenditures. The extensive use ofnet balances instead of gross balances and the ~harging of disputed amounts toindicative planning figures (IPFs) are objectionabl~.
9. As a result of the above, and after the Administration agreed to increaseexpenditures by $2,650,000, expenditures were understated by $1,426,000 (seeparas. 44 and 57 below), and statement 11 needs to be adjusted accordingly. Inaddition, a number of entries under "Other accounts receivable and deferredcharges" were misclassified in statement II (see para. 45 (a)) a.ld other entriesunder "Accounts payable" still are millclassified (see pau. 45 (b)).
10. The operational reserve proved to be higher than the level determined by theGoverning Council. More generally, t~e liquidity position of UNDP appeared to behigher than required.
11. The Governing Council is c~rrently reviewing the biennial budget, moreparticularly "core activities", with a pattern of appropriation lines that, in ouropinion, is too highly aggregated to be meaningfUl.
12. Budgetary discipline is not strict enough and ~xpenditures above allottedamounts are frequent, even after thepe amounts have been revised upwards during theyear.
13. The ratio of administrative costs to total resources is increasing. Thisresults in part from a budgetary policy th~t may be considered too lax and isfacilitated by the existence of a number of mechanisms established to suprlementthe administrative bUdget with funds derived frum "programme resources".
14. ~oncerning programme ma~agement, it appeared that the difficulties encounteredby a number of countries in generating a stream of projects sufficient to absorbthe indicative planning figures remained a basic problem. In this context, we wereconcerned that increased delivery might be achi~ved at the expense of the qualityor Viability of the projects concerned.
15. We found many instances of recur.ring shortcomings affecting the deRign,formulation, implementation and monitoring of projects. WL think that there is astrong need to issue precise guid~lines for project management and to enforceRtrict compliance by all concerned.
16. Over the past two years, the ahure of the budget allottpd to electronicdata-processing and management information systems has increased dramatically.However, we not~d that that policy WS8 being conducted without a clear strategicview of its objectives. Prioritfes were not firmly established; projects were notadequately costed; proper implementation plans were not in place; and technical ~nd
staffing problems had arisen.
"20- . ,......."'IIJi_;as.......~""'* .... d ••Si aa.oIXC.tt.IV. GUTT... IINDING
17. Action has been unduly delayed in a number of cases of presumptive fraud.
lB. The construction loan mechanism operates v~ry poorly, at great cost to UNDP,and it is advisable to replace it by direct UNDP investment.
19. Inventories of non-expendable administrative equipment are not kept properly,and the records do not always reflect the actual situation.
Response of ~he Administration
20. A draft copy of the report of the Board was forwarded to the Administration on27 May 1987. In a writte, response received 14 July 1987, the Administrationexplained that it felt "bound to express some degree of surprise and disappointmentat the extent to which the aud i t report fa ils to reflect the Adml.nistrat ion's viewson many of the issues raised and the extensive explanations provided to theauditors throughout the course of their audit". The Administration added:"Similarly, in UNDP's view, the audit report does not always g1l'e adequaterecognition to the efforts being made by UNDP to rectify or improve deficiencieswhich have been commented upon and of which UNDP was already aware". As stated inthe introduction to the present report, the views of the Administration arereflected below and take the form of extensive quotes from this written response.However, because of time constraints on the submission of the Board's reports, wewere not in a position to comment on these responses, with a few exceptions. Wetherefore wish to point out that except where otherwise noted, our originalobservations stand.
Accounts
Circumstances of the audit
21. Delays in the availability of a number of documents did not always allow us topursue our investigations at the level of detail that we thought Advisable.Internal written accounting instructions were sometimes missing or outdated, whichalso proved an obstacle. In addition, we were not provided with a copy of thefinancial report of the Administrator, which deprived us of the necessarybackground information for our audit work. We recommend that this report, even indraft form, be made available for future audit:;.
22. The Administration commented on the above paragraph as follows:
"(a) The level of time and erfort devoted by DOF staff to providing theinformation requested by t~~ auditors in the course of the 1986 audit was, atleast in the experience of currently serving staff, unpr~cedented. In thisconnection, we would point out that the deadlines given for written replies toaudit observations were often, in our view, unrealistic and that the auditprocedures adopted sometimes appearecl to be unneGessarily time-consuming inthat the same information in many instances was prOVided on differentoccasions and in different ways, Le. in individual discussions, at meetings,in memoranda and in written responses to audit observations.
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"(b) With regard to the statement that 'internal written accountinginstructions were sometimes missing or outdated', the Administration is awareof a continuing need to update internal accounting instructions and, as theauditors were informed, had begun a major effort in this area in 1985. Wewould note that the auditors identified only one specific area where there wasa clear need to i"sue such instructions and we agreed to do so.
"(c) The Administrator's financial report contains no financialinformation which is not already available to the auditors, and hastraditionally been prepared after the financial statements have been submittedto the UN Board of Auditors. The report contains a brief narrative commentaryon some of the main figures in the accounts, as well as brief descriptions ofthe legislative origin of the trust funds administered by UNDP. We cannottherefore agree that the failure to provide th0 auditors with a copy of theAdministrator's financial report 'deprived [them] of the necessary backgroundfor [their] audit wo.k'."
23. With regard to the ~dministration's comment that the auditors identified onlyone area where accounting instructions were missing (namely accounts receivable andaccounts payable), we wish to stress that that area is only an example and that thesituation described in paragraph 21 above is quite widespread.
Presentation and format of the financial statements
24. It appears that the financial statements provide a ver'l complex and sometimesimpenetrable picture of the situation of UNDP to anyone not specializing in theorganization's finances. As a result of our review of the format and content ofthe financial statements, we consider that their informative value might bei.nproved in somt! areas ann their format made clearer. Our recommendations,together with the Administration's response, are presented below.
(a) To underline the importance of the UNDP account, we recommenned that allstatements relating to trust funds should be attached at the end of the reportfollowing all statements, schedules and notes relating to UNDP proper. TheAdministration replied that "in the absence of a clear ar/antage to be gainen inchanging the order in which the statements and schedules are presented, we havepreferred to retain the order to wnich readers and users of the UNDP financialstatements have become accustomed in prior years".
(b) In statement I, we consider that the expenditure side should be moreclear ly divided into three parts, namely programmes, programme support annadministrative costs. Consequently, we think that the "adjustments to prior years'expenditurec and support costs" should appear with the part to which they belong,below the figure for the current year, and t.hat they shoul(i be itemIzen in aschedule or a note to the financial statements rather than in the financial reportof the Administrator. The Administration agreed to show "adju3tments to prioryears' programme expenditure (net)" and "adjustments to prior years' programmesupport costs (net)" in two different lines in statement I, Rnn to present abreakdown of these two lines in a note to the financial statements (see note 10).
(c) Following a suggestion that lJNDP core bUdqet expenniture should bedisclosed at a more detailed level, the Administration agreed to prep3re such aschedule "in a manner similar to that adopterl by the United Nations". As a result,schedule 6.1, entitled "Expenditure against UNDP core activities by major category
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of f:ll:penditure", has been included in the financial statements. 1I0wever, wefurther rerommend that this schedule be established to reflect budget estimatestogether with dctual expenditures to allow for easy comparison.
(~) In statement 11, "other accounts receivable and deferred charg~d" and"Accounts payable", which we considered insult iciently detailed, Ilave LJensuppl,mented by additional information provlded in note 9.
(e) As explained below (see paras. 2B and 39 (d)), we also consider that abredkdown of operating funds and unliquidated obligations of executing agenciesshould be made available to the Governing Council. The Administration replied:
"'1'0 provide a det,. Hed breakdown of operating funds and unliquidatedobli1ations for each oxecuting agency would add to the length of the financialstatements without making them significantly more easy to understand oruseful. It should be noted that the total expenditure (i.e. unliquidatedobligations plus disbursements) of each executing agency is already providedin schedule 5. It should also be noted that full details of thes~ amounts areavailable to the auditors, who are therefore in a position to draw attentionin their report to any matters they consider to be significant in thisconnection. "
(f) As for the "contributions due from GovernmentA and other contributors"previously listed as assets, they did not represent any real receivable and wereincluded I'olely as a reminder of Governments' past pledges. While we understandthe importance of this reminder, we do not think that it belongs in statement 11,where it artificially inflates totals and distorts respective sharp.s and ratios ofother items. This would be best mentioned in the Administrator's financialreport. The same observation applies to statements VII to XII, XIV, XV, XIX andXXIV to XXVIII. The Administrati0n agreed to remove this item from the balancesheet and retained it in the form of a footnote to statement 11 and to the balancesheets of trust funds.
(9) The format of statement V (Office for Projects Execution (OPE)) differsfrom that of other financial statements in that it is more an "operating fund"statement similar to those of other executing agencies than all "income andexpenditure" statement. However, we consider that the financial result of theoperations carried out during the year should appear on its own, its impact on thebalance at the end of the year being shown separately in the layout of thestatement, since one of the objectives aimed at in creating an autonomous Officefor Projects Execution was precisely to balance its income and expenditure. TheAdministration replied that it had "a number of conceptual difficulties with thecomments made by the auditors on this subject, namely (a) statement V does notrelate to OPE alone (it includes certain acttvities carried out by UNV, as well asother organizational units of UNDP, and costs incurred for IAPSU) I (b) OPE is in noSHnse 'autonomous', (c) the statement is not, and cannot be, an 'income andexpenditure' statement since OPE does not qenerate or receive 'income' as such (itrp.ceives authority to spend against approved budgets, inclUding a Governing Councilappropriation for its programme support ah~ administrative services costs which itis .1uthorized to exceed up to the level of its notional supper!: cost earnings)".In an attempt to provide a clearer disclosure of the Office's activities, theAdministration had prepared a new schedUle, schedule 14, which providp.s detailedinformation on the activities of the Office alone.
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(h) At our request, the note on extrabudgetary activities, made redundant byschedule 7, was deleted. However, we still recommend that non-expendable assets bedisclosed (see paras. 46 and 47).
Reporting of programme expenditures
25. Our audit disclosed a number of deficiencies in the way in which programmeexpenditun~ were reported by the executing agencies (including Governments actinq,s such) and accounted for.
26. The amounts listed by the agencies as unliquidated obligations in theityear-end reports and aggregated in statement 11 are workad out on the oasis ofyear-end closure-of-accounts guidelines issued by UNDP for executing agencies,which spell o..at the criteria for record in,:! and reporting unliquidated ohligatic·r;s.However, the usual delivery concept is not consistently applied in these guidrlines.
(a) ror "travel on official ousiness" and "group training", when deliveryspans two consecutive years, agencies may either charge the full cost to thecurrent year or make a reasonable apportionment of the cost between the two years.We consider that UNDP should at least know which agencies use which method and beinformed of any change from year to year.
(b) In the case of "equipment", unliquidated oblig3tions are defined as costsof items ordered for which funds are provided in the current year's budgetlagencies would be expected to raise obligations chargeable to the current year 011yof the amount provided for equipml'nt in the current year's budget. We considerth is cr iter ion ir re levant since the concept of physical delivery of the goodsduring the year is no longer referred to, which prevents any effective ~ut-off.
MOl"eOver, in this system, 'Jnliquidated obligations may be considered merely theexcess of budget allot.ment for eqUipment. lJver di(>burser"ents, which 'utoml'lticallyequates expenditures with the equipment component. of the budget.
27. The Adm1rd.stratlon explained that the criteria for recording and reportingunliquidated obligations had originally been established by UNDP after lengthydiscussion and negotiation with the executing agencies themselves. TheAdministration specifically added:
"The flexibility provided with regard to travel on official business does notgive rise to any material distortion in the repotting of such expenditureagainst project. budgets. In the case of equipment, it should be noted that(11) in 1976 UNDP requested agencies to report on the basis of physicaldelivery, but amended this requirement after one year's experience when it hadbeen found that, Cor field-oriented programmes, for agencies to report on thebasis of physic~l delivery was impractical and unreliablel and (b) in 19-8/79these criteria were the subje~t of a detailed exchange of correspondencebetween UNDP and the Panel of P.xternal Auditors, following which the Panelindicated their complete satisfaction with the crIteria being followed. Wewould point out that once a firm order has been placed with a suppli~r, ~undR
must be obligated whether delivery has tak~n place or not. Rince unliquidatedobligations can, under UNDP's instructions, only be raised in respect ofequ i:Jment for wh ich a firm ord-er has been placed before the end of the year,we are totally unable to accept the auditors' conclusion."
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28. we are of the op~nlon that a breakdown by agency of unliquidated obligations,which account for 46 per cent of all liabilities, should be made available to theGoverning Council in an additional schedule. The Administration's views on thismatter are quoted in paragraph 24 (e) above.
29. At present, there is no reconciliation and investigation of the discrepanciesin expenditures as recorded by the agencies and by UNDP. No checking ofunliquidated obligations has ever been carried out, even on a limited sample basis;as a matter of fact, UNDP is not even provided with a list of unliquidatedobligations supporting the global amount stated by any agency.
30. We observed that the existing arrangements between UNDP and executing agenciespresented the following drawbacks:
(a) The certification by the agency's external auditors is not availablebefore June of the following year, at best (for the agencies on an annual financialperiod); agencies send in their year-end statements as submitted to the externalauditors; the audited statements are received after the accounts of UNDP have beenclosed;
(b) For the 14 agencies on a biennial period (72.2 per cent of totalunliquidated obligations in 1986, or $120 million), the audited financialstatements relate to the biennium and therefore, are not verified on,a yearly basisconsistent with the UNDP accounts; for the current biennium, 1986 audited figureswill be provided to UNDP in June of 1988, and the subsequent adjustments will notbe posted before 1989.
In addition, we noted that the current scope of audit requirements and proceduresdid not ensure an audit based on the reconciliation of transactions as recorded bythe agencies and by UNDP, nor did it ensure that the validity of reportingprocedures and criteria was checked.
31. The Administration explained:
"Reconciliation of amounts provided by UNDP to the agencies to fund their UNDPfinanced programmes is an ongoing process throughout the year and alldifferences are investigated. To suggest that UNDP should itself verify theaccuracy of the agencies' recording of project expenditure implies afundamental change in the existing legislative relationships between UNDP andits executing agencies. UNDP's financial regulations and those of theexecuting agencies, which are approved by the respective governing bodies ofthose orgllnizations, provide for all expenditure incurred by an agency to besUbject to the financial procedures, inclUding internal and external aUdit, ofthat agency. It is in any case not clear how UNDP itself cOUld, as apractical matter, 'check' the individual unliquidated obligations of agencieson a timely and cost-effective basis. More fundamentally, it would Seem toUNDP that the implications of this recommendation would r~quire review by therelevant governing bodies as well as by the Panel of External Auditurs."
32. Larger problems are encountered in government-executed projects.
(a) Expenditures are limited to cash disbursements since no obligations areraised for these projects. Hence, no unliquidated obligations are recorded asexpenditure. At our request, note 1 (b) to the financial statements has beenmodified to reflect this.
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(b) 'I'here is no checking by UNOP of the figures reperted by Governments intheir capacity as executing agencies.
(c) Financial reports pertaining to government-executed projects ~re
generally not audited, either by Governments' auditing offices or by a mutuallyagreed auditor.
~3. The Administration agreed that there were significant problems aSHDciated witl,account ing for governmf'nt-executed projects /:lnll mant ioned that. such prohlems hanbeen discussed at 1el •."tn in the Governing Council. However, regardinq the threepoints ma~e above, the Administration offered the following comments:
"(a) In the Administration's view it would be unrealistic to attempt tointroduce a COIM1Cln syatem of reporting unliquidated ohligations to be appliedconaistently by all governments executing UNDP-financed projects. Expenditureis therefore reported on the basis of cash disbursements only, as nowreflected in the notes to the financial statements,
11 (b) Contrary to the impression given by the auditors' statement that'there is no chocking by UNOP of the figures reported by Governments', aconsiderable amount of etaff time is devoted by DOF to account lng forGovernment-executed proj.cts. A description of the volume and nature of thework involved, and the difficl,lties encountered, was provide" to the GoverningCouncil ~t its thirty-fourth session in June 1987, and as a result the Councilapproved addjtion~l financing for thi" purpose up to a maximum cost of$400,000 per year for the 18 month pel iod ending 31 December 1968. It isestimated that this will cover the costs of four general service staff whowe.e already engaged full-time on this work (but financed from otherextra-budgetary resources available to DOF) and to fin~nce some additionalstaff resources, including one ProfesRiolO'Il, ·...hich it is considered will benecessary to!ltrengthen the unit and c"'pe with some expected increase in thisworkload,
"(c) UNOI' has repo[ted to the Governing Council on the dift iculties whichmany Gove[nmellts appear to have in meeting the audit requirements forgovernment-executed projects and will be reviewing the posRibility ofproposing some alternative arranqements at the CouncC's n'i!xt regular Ression."
34. As a result of lhe probleMS noted ahove, we are not in a position to check theaccuracy of the amounts listed under "Programme expenditure" in statement I and"Unliquidated ob1igatio~J of executing agencies" in statement 11 •
.>5. 'rhe Administration correctly pointed out that the observatiorls made inparayraphs 26, 29, 30 and 32 above were, inter alia, the basis for thequalification of thf! audit opinion on the UNDP financial statements for 19116. TheAdministration furtner commented:
"'rhis view would appear to be based pr imarily in .,n inability CL ~-:cept thelong-establl'3hp.d procedures, rooted in the financial requlations, wherehyexpenditures made by other institutions (executing agencies lnclud'n'1governments) are subject to the external audit procedures of thoseinstitutions and call therefore be incorporated in the UNDP accounL.', initi.,llyon an unaudit€;d basis but subject to later receipt of the appropdatl> audit
certificate. UND? b,lieves that -his fundamental issue could ~.ly be lesolvedfollowing review by the relevant govlrning bodie~ and the Panel 0f Exte.. AlAuditors. "
36. We wish to reiterate that the qualification expressed in the audit opinion isbaset'! on three factO(SI (a) inadequacy of the cut-off rules issued by UNOP forreporting unllquidated obligations of executing agencies, (b) inadequac~ of theinternal control in UNOP of unliqlddate1 obligat,ions reported by agencielll' and(c) belated submission of audited accounts of executing agencies Qnd (in 0~ndral)
Ilbspnce of audited accounts of government-exl'cuted projects. Hence, there is anunc"rtllinty affecting a substantial part of reported expenditures and obligationsthilt makes it necessary for the Board to issue its opinion "t\uh;ect to the effectsof such adjustments" as may be required following the correction of the factorsmentioned above. However, we agree with the Admin\stration that the question ofthe seol'e of au,iit of thes~ opelations by the external aUditors concerned mightfruitflllly be addressed by the relevant governing bodies and the Panel of ExternalAuditor".
Programme support costs
37. As a further consequence of the problems described above, it is alsoimpos"ible to check the validity of lhe amount of programme support costs (PSC)paid to executing agencies that. are based on programme expenditures. Moreover, ofthe three criteria used in determining the actual programme support costa, two areratios (13 and 14 per cent of actual programme expenditures respectively) while thethird is the dollar amount of support costs earned by the agency ~n 1981. Thisleads to growing inconslsteneies since the 1ge1 b~sis has not been revised to takeinto account lhe effect of monet~ry changes such as currency fluctuations andinflation.
38. The Administration explained:
"The forml.la, whereby for the period 1982-1986 PSC may be reimb"rsed either at13% or l4~ or in an amount equal to an agency's 1981 support COBt income, wasestablished by decision 80/44 of the Governing Council, Ann thJs decision madeno provision for future revision of the 1981 amount to take account of theeffect of currency fluctuation or inflation. we callnot agree with theconclusion that 'this leads to growing inconsistencies'. Specific provisionto provide agencies with some protection a9ainst adverse currency fluctuationswas marle in decision 81/40 of the Council. with regard to inflation it shouldbe noted that inflation affects the dollar velue of the proqramme expenditureitself on which PSC is calculated."
operating funrls
39. 'rhe helldi:lg "Operating funcls provided by UNOP to executing agencIes" instatement 1I was !Jomewhat mislea<i1ng despite the additional information provided innote 4 to the financial statements. In our opinion, it doE'S not give aSUfficiently accurate picture of the financial relations of UNOP with e~~cuting
bodies.
(a) Operating funds appearing under that heading do not relate exclusively toexecuting agencies. As a matter of fact, half the amounts involvecl relate toGovernments in their capacity as executing agencies, and not to agt!ncies. The
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Administ-ation, while noting that the fin~ncial regulations of UNDP define"executing agenciell" as ir.cluding Governments, ajreed to clarify this in the[inar.cial statements (see para. 45 (~i below).
(b) The definition of the balances listed under that heading does not matchthat of the operating fund balances appearing in the agencies' ye~r-enJ repurts toUNDP. In fact, as is implied in note 4, operating fund balances in atatement 11are only partial ones, aggregating cash in banks and in transit, accountsreceivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses but not unl1quidated obligations,which are listed separa:ely.
(c) The amount shown in statement 11 was an aggregated amount, net~i~g
negative and positive balances. We consider that for a more accurate disclosure, ad iat inct ion bho, Id be made between dl)btc,r (l1aol1i ties) and creditor (assets)operat ing fund bal.ances with agencies. Concuu i ng in this recOlnmend"t ion, theAdministratIon agreed to break down oper!lt~ng fund balances between operating fundsprovided to oxecuting agencies or Governments ana oper,~.ing funds payable toexecutive aqencies or Governments (see para. 45 (a) below).
(d) In addition, we think that the informative ~a]ue of the financialstatements would be enhanced if a breakdvwn of debtor and creditor fund balances byagency were provided in a separate scl.edule. Operating f'Jnds relating togovernment-exocuted projects, however, might be kept on a netted basis for the timebeing, in view of the large number of projects involved (approximately 800).
Account~ pavable and accountS receivable
40. Our examination revealed the major internal control deficiencies describedbelow.
(a) "Other accounts receivable and deferred charges" and "Accounts payable"in statement 11 incluie at year-end a large numoer of suspense and clearingaccounts that, in our opinion, were not reviewed closely enouqh by responsibleofficials before the issuance of the 1986 financial statements of UNDP. In orderto issue appropriate instructions to accounting staff members for clearance ofthese pending items, we recommend that in the future, detailed anal1ses of suspenseIInd clearing accounts be prepared sufficiently .in advance to allow decisions to betaken before final issuance of UNDP financial statements.
(b) Delays noted in the control of travel accounts by the Travel ServiceSe<.:tion (1986 travel expenditures have not been analysed) could lead to losses forthe organization and we strongly recommend that special action be taken in 1987 tospeed up the proper clearance of such accounts.
(c) The use nf net balances instead of gross balances at year-end ismisleading. We experienced some diffi"ultIes in assessing the extent of Iwtreporting, but we believe that accounts receivable and payahle balances shoulci beincreased at year-end by approximately $3.3 million. Since this adjustment couldnot be precisely ascertained, however, we did not include it in thereclassiflcationf. ",quired in our audit opinion.
41. The Administration's comments on the three points made above were as follows:
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"(a) We agree that there ie a continuing need to monitor closely thebalanceR in various clearing accounts. We regard this, however, aa an ongoingeffort to be carried out throughout the ~~~r, and not necessarily linked tothe i~Buance of the year-end statements. ~hes6 catsgories of ~ccounts arereviewed r~gularly during the year in adriition to detailed reviews bsingperfolmed threoa times a year for the June end September illterim financiAlsta~ementB, as well as for the year-end ololling. It should be noted thatUNDP's operations are geographically iisper6~d, which req~ires deali~g withmany agencies and 112 field offices in the flllow-up of accounts ,equiringinvestigation. We believe considerahle progress has been made in theclearance of such accounts and we will continue our efforts in this regard.
"(b) UNDP ho!ls been aware of the s(!rious backlog which has erisen inclearing amounts held in accounts maintained by the Travel Section. Since ithas not proved possible for the Travel Section to eliminate this backloc) withits regular staff resources, a special taek force hlls now been establishedwhich is to begin work on these items in July 1987. Also, a more detailedstudy by UNDP to streamline and simplify the entire field travel operationshas been initiated. Since most of. the items in these accounts have beenobligated and theref;or~ already C:lbrged IlS expenditure to the appropriatesource of funds, we dJ not b'!l1eve t.hat the backlog could lead to anysignificant losses to the orgalll~atlon.
"(c) In principle, UNDP grosses up year-ell'" balances to the extent thatit is practicable to do so. It is not clear to us how the auditors arrived ata total figure of '3.3 million in this connection and did not believe that theextent to which balances may have been expressed on a net basis materiallyaffects the validity of the financial statements. It ahould be noted that theadjustment in question would have no effect on UNDP's income OL expenditure."
42. We were :,ot in a position to express an audit opinion on UNn~ accountsreceivable and payable with executing agencies as at 31 December 1986 becauoesignificant differences in recipr~~al balances between UNDP accounts and statementssubmitted by the agencies were not investigated at year-end and not supported byproper accounting reconciliations.
(a) Unreconciled items between operating fund blllances as stated by UNDP andas stated by the agencies totalled $11,402,000 at year-end. These differences werenot investigated before year-end by UNDP to ascertain the portion that shOUld havebeen treated as project expenditures. Instead, the total difference of $17,402,000was posted to !I suspense account in accounts receivab16. The Administrationexplained that "the different cut-off dates used by UNDP and the various executingagencies inevitably cause differences in the operating fund balances as reflectedin UNDP's accounts and in the accounts of the executing agencies, particularly inrespect of transactions made by UNDP field offices throughout the world on behalfof the agencies". However, the Administration agretld to inclUde sllch amounts inthe operating fund balances shown as at 31 December. 1986. As a result, thefinancial statements submitted lO the external auditors were subsequenLly revisedand an amount of '16.4 million was reclassified from accounts receivaLle tooperating funds provided to executing agencies, as explained in paragraph 45 (a)below.
(b) Similarly, advances made by exec~ting aglOr,,',ies for non-UNDP projects($24.1 million) are not subject to reconciliation W1L:, agencies' statements before
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year-end. Thl'l Admlnlstrlltlon explained that "reports are submitted by LJNIlP fi"ldoffices to the agencies in connection with each such advance on a monthly hilHiflthro'Jghout the year for them to reconcile with their own accountR".
4). Our examinllt. ion /Jlso resulted in the recommendat ien of audi t adjust.ments tothe Un3lnclal statements. The Adminllltration agreed to make adjustments total' 1nl}$2,650,000 in the financial statements submitted to the Board of Auditors on30 April 1987 (see schedule 6 and notes 9 and 25 to the financial statements):
(a) $1,001,000 relating to housing expenditure at Juba, Sudan, for UNDP f,tatfmembers, which, in our opinion, is no longer recoverable locally in view of thesituation in that part of the country,
(b) $746,000 relating to 1986 ,. .UP project costs that had been deferred atyear-end because they were to be billed to executing agencieo ill 19U7; underexisting procedures, these costs would be inclUded in the 1987 statement ofey.pendlture, even tho~gh they represent 1986 project costs;
(c) $708,000 relating to miscellaneous items, inclUding deferred allocatedcosts for the UNOP headquarters building (1 United Nations Plaza), referred to bythe Administration as an accounting error, and project costs of the Office forProjeots Execution pending allocations;
(d) $195,000 relating to contractual services expenditures.
The first three items mp.ntioned above were included in a provision set up to reducethe book value of various accounts receivable and deferred charges by a tntal of$2,454,680. The Administration stressed that "the fact that UNOP had agreed tomake this provisio~ should not be taken as an indication that UNDP considers theamount involved to be irrecoverable". The last item was accrued to 1986expenditures against UNOP core activities.
44. However, the Administration did not agree to the follow\ng adjustments that westill consider necessary and that would further reduce the balance of generalresources at year-end by at least $2,570,000.
(a) Concerning education grants advanced to staft members before year-end (atotal of $3.] million), WL consider that $1.1 million is a prudent estimate ofauvances ch~rgeable to 1986 expenditures. The Administration r.eplied that, whileit. agreed tha t "in pr inc iple the est imated educa t ion grant cost for the periodseptember to December should be accrued", it was "reluctant to make the globaladjustment of $1.1 million against UNOP's yeneral resources, as requested by theauditors, because (a) education grant. cost can affect all international staffinclUding Htaff financed from trust funns, pro;ectR and other sources nE funcls and(b) UNDPldS no system in place to ensure that an accurate accrual (both in amountan,l in respe"r of the proper source of fUlldB) can be made at year end". We mustpoint out that $1.1 million out of $.1.3 million is a prudent estimate since th('September-December period represents 40 per cent of the scholastic year, and notall education grant claims had been submitted by year-end.
(I» Concerning the $57J,000 charged co the Unlted Nations sllspense currentaccount (total amount: $638,000), we cf'nsidered that $437,000 should have beenrecorded as 1986 expenditures even though the supporting documentation had not heenreceived by UNOI' in due time, dn(1 that prior ye::'L items (relating for tile most partto 1983) should have been written off ($136,000). The Administration explained:
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"Sinc~ charges received from the United Nations are a mixture of charges forUNF'PA, OPE, and th,' various other UNOP-administered funds, we believe that itwould be inappropriate to reduce UNOI' resources hy the total amount.~)reover, since the cut-off practice has been followed consistently in priory'lars, failure to adjust UNOI' accountl'l for the charges would not result in amaterial mis-statement of 1~86 expenditures, since final chftrges for 1985received after closure of the 1985 accounts were recorded in 1986. Concerningthe propoeal for write-off of $136,000, the Administratio~ can confirm thatthe entire amount of $116,000 has subsequently been cleared and properlyrecorded in the account ing records. It would thus have been inappropriate towrite off these amounts."
(c) Since tra~el advances and uncleared travel expenses from field officeshave not bee" analysed for more than one year, the cumulative excess of traveldebit balanc~s over travel unliquidated obligations at year-end, amounting to$1.6 million, could conservatively have been charged to 1986 expenditure. Whilenot recommending this, we still consider that there is a minimum risk of $500,000represent ing uncleared items pend ing for more thl'.n one year, which 5hould be akeninto account. Although the Administration does not agree with the basis on whichwe arrived at the amount of $3.8 ,illion mentioned above, it established "a taskforce to clear these balances, and to transfer the items concerned to thpappropriate accounts".
(d) The remaining adjustments, totalling $397,000, are made up of various.items, relating mainly to expert hilltus financing, and charges made by one fieldoffice on behalf of another. The Administration explained I
"The proposed adjustment of $397,000 includes $2l0,00U representing chdrgesbilled by ?Igencies for hiatus financing which were rejected by theAdministration. It is not the practice of UNOI' to make a provision forcharges which have been rejected. It also includes $115,000 relating tointer-of f ice charges wh ich are unsettled amounts for expendit.ures incur red byfit'ld offices on behalf of other field offices. The average volume of suchtransactions amounts to about $2.5 million on an annual basis. The $115,000in question represents amounts which had not been cleared for various reasonsand for which follow-up actions by UNOI' Headquarters are required. Amountstotalling $52,000 of the $115,000 have subsequently been cleared. MOl'eover,these balances are also reflected as unliquieated obligations. It wouldth"refore be inappropriate to set up a loss provision for this amount. Thorem,?Iining balances amounting to $72,000 are also b~ing followed up byheadquarters."
45. Our ellaminat ion also resulted in account reclassif ications in stab'ment I I,wit.h no pffect on the excess of income over expenditure,
(a) At present, UNOI' relies on the year-end operating fund balances submittedhy till' a'lencies and adjusts its own statement accordingly at year-end. We considerthat th.. financial statements should reflect transactions recorded by UNOI' and notby the a'lencies, if only because agencies usually close their books earlier thanIINDP and transactions recorded by tbe latter Ci:lnnot be taken int.> account by theilyencies. Therefore, as a result of our observations In paragraph 42 aboveconcerning unreconciled items oetween operating funds misclassified in theUnoll1cial ntatements submitted to the Board of Auditors under the caption "Otherdc,:ountn r"ceivable", we recommended that those items should be reclassified under
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the operating funds accounts to which they belonged according to UNDP books. Inresponse to our recommendation, the Administration agreed that:
(i) $25,539,011 should be added to the as&ets side und~r "Operating fundsprovided by UNDP", broken down, according to our recommendation inparagraph 39 (a) above, between "Operating funds provided to executingagencies" ($15,892,345) and "Operating funds provided to Governments forexecuting UNDP projects" ($9,646,666),
(il) $9,084,754 should be added to the liabilities side under a newly createdcaption "Operating funds payable to other executing agencies" (seepara. 39 (C) above),
(i i i) "Other accounts receivable and deferred charges" should accordlligly bedecreased by $16,454,257.
However, owing to the very late submission of the revised financial statements, wewere not in a position to review the supporting evidence for each of these amounts,which differ from the amounts that we had identified as misclassified at the end ofthe audit period, that is before UNDP undertook to revise these accounts.
(b) We recommended, but the Administration did not agree, that because of thespecifics of the "zero balance accounts" agreement with the banks, overdrafts onthose accounts totalling $14,122,000 Should be disclosed under a specific captionon the liabilities side, distinct from "Accounts payable". The Administrationcommented that it was incorrect to describe those amounts as "overdrafts" andfurther explained:
liThe amounts represent cheques issued against 'zero balance accounts' andrecorded by UNDP field offices. The zero balance accounts are linked to UNDP'Master Accounts' with New York bankS which transfer sufficient funds to coverthes? cheques as soon as they are presented for payment. Under thesecircumstances, the uncleared cheques at 31 December 1986 represent accountspayable at that date and this is di.1closed in Note 10 to the financialstatements."
(c) We also agreed with the Administration to decrease accounts receivable byan amount of $841,026, which is now reported as "Investments held in field offices"in the revised financial statements (see statement II and sched'lle 10).
Other account ing issue~
Non-expendable property
46. Following the introduction of financ ial rule 116.6, et i ective 1 January 1985,the Board questioned the accounting standards of UNDP for non-expendable property.Such non-expendable assets include UNDP administrative equipment and assetsassigned to project. execlltion but not yet transferred to Governments. TheAdministration explained that it woulrl disclose the "alue of non-expendableproperty owned and held by it for administrative purposes in the 1986 financial[p.por t, [or land and build ings only. We st! 11 think that such disclosure is not inaccordance with financial rul(! 116.6 and that this property should be fully,1isclosed in a financial statement subject to external audit.
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47. As a matter of fact, it appeared that UNDP W~B not yet able to determine thevalue of non-expendable property other than land and buildings and that informationcancern:ng the other items was currently unavailable. At headquarters, inventoryprocedures were not finalized in order to be in effect by 1 January 1987, and nodate was given for their issuance and implementation. Many field offices do notcomply with inventory procedures, and no headquarters officer is in charge ofensuring proper monitoring of administrative equipment ~nd inventories in fieldoffices. We noted that, in its reply to th~ Board's report for 1985, theAdministration had stated that it was "considering the feasibility of includingIluch [inventory) data in the report for 1986". 17/
48. The Administration agreed that "the present inventory procedures are notsufficiently effective to provide up-to-,jate, comprehensive data on alllion-expendable equipment in UNDP's custody, particularly in view of the requirementto include data for all UNDP field offices". The Administration further commented:
"A comprehensive study of the Headquarters inventory control system hatl beencompleted and UNDP is in the process of setting up revised procedures for theproper control of Headquarters inventories which are planned to come intoeffect in early 1198. The situation regarding Fi~ld Office inventories isalso bein9 reviewed and a new system will be introduced whereby each FieldOffice will itself keep a record of its inventory on the existing AnnualInventory Form. The Annual :nventory Change Report to be sent to Headquarterswill record all acquisitions and disposals of non-expendable property at FieldOffices throughout the year. Another new form, the Xnventory ReconciliationReturn from Field Offices, will be used to control changes in the inventoryand to check the dollar values of inventories. Current instructions ore inthe process of being amended to reflect these changes. In addition, inventoryrecords both at Headquarters and in the Field are in the process of beingcomputerized."
49. UNDP does not capitalize expenditures for any category of procurement.However, as stated in note 1 (d) to the financial statements, the Gove:ning Councilwas advised that, as an exception to this policy, leasehold improvements to officepremises were to be amortized over a period of five years starting in 1986. Thisexception does not relate to all alteration expenditures at headquarters but isspecific to the building at 304 East 45th Street, New York. Notification of theGoverning Council notwithstanding, the consequence of this exception to statedpolicy is that in 1988, 1989 and 1990, funds will be appropriated that will nothave to be spent because they were already spent in previous budget periods. Thisis not appropriAte. In this connection, we noted that the Governing Council hadauthorized UNDP to invest directly to finance housing and office accommodation.Hence the "exception" noted above may be e'(pected to recur. We strongly recommendthat proper budgetary and accounting procedures be devised to ensure that the fundsnecessary to finance such investments are pro~erly appropriated and reported.
ll/ Official Records of the General Assembly, Forty-first Session, SupplementNo. 5A (A/41/5/Add.l and Corr.l), sect. Ill, para. 25.
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50. The Administration replied:
"The Governing Council at its thirty-fourth session in June 1987. following arecommendation by the Advisory Committee on Administrative and r.l.IdgetaryQuestions (ACABQ), agreed that the total costs of alterations to leaseholdpremises at headquarters should be charged to the 1986-1987 biennial budget.The exception cited by the auditors is therefore no longer relevant,"
BasiE' for recording incom(' '1nd eX.l2enditure
51. Following our audit, note I (b) to the financial statements was modified toreflect the fact that expendit~res on government-executed prcjects are accountedfor on a cash basis.
52. On the income side, cost-sharing and government ~ash counterpart contributionsdiffer in nature from voluntary contributions in that they are intended to financespecific activities previ<"''Jsly agreed upon by th" dono" only to the extent thatfunds received have actually been spent on the proje~ts concerned can they beconsidered as accruing to UNDP. The donor is entitled to claim whatever remainsunspent. In our opinion, therefore, cost-sharing and government cash counterpartcontribution& should be treater. on an accrual basis. Consequently, the excess ofcontr ibutions rece ived over ""iJend1 ture should be I isted under "Liabi li ties" as"Income received in advance" earmarked for the financing of specific projecteXl'endi tures in future years. This income rece ived i •• advance would then make upfor the excess of expenditures over contributions received that similarly occursand constitutes asset of UNDP (re~sivables from Governments) that, under thepresent acr.v~nting policy, does not appear in the financial statements. Forexample, in 1986 the income figures shou Id be $98,755,000 for cost-'sharingcontribut~ons and $7,650,000 for government cash counterpart contributions. Theexcess of income over expenditure should consequently be decreased by $9,812,000,and statement IX should be modified accordingly: the adjusted unexpended balancesfor cost-sharing and government cash counterpart contributi0ne should betransferred from "Unexpended resources" to "Liab~lities", and a receivable due fromGovernments for cost-sharing negative balances ($655,000) should be accounted forin the assets. In conclusion, we strongly recommenci that financial rule 116.4 andthe statement of account ing policies be amended and that c()st-shar lng andgovernment cash counterpart contributions be ac~ounted for on an accrual basis.
53. The Administration's reply to the above observation was as follows:
(1) "UNDP has the greatest difficulty in accepting the auditors'recommendation that it should change the basis on which it accounts forcost-sharing and Government cash counterpart con~ributions (GCCC) from a cashto an accrual basis. UNDP has consistently applied the cash basis (i.e. onlyrecorded as income what has been received in cash) to all sources of itscontribution income and it is on this basis thatche UNDP accounts have beenaudited and certified for many years. For a voluntary funded organizationsuch as UNDP, we feel that accounting for income o~ a cash basis (andexpenditure on an accrual bl1.S1S) is th\. most apprupriate and prudent method,and previous representatives of the UN Board of Auditors have agreed with thisview.
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(2) "'rhe rationale offered by the auditors for their recommendlltion is that'only to the extent that funds received have actually been spent on theprojects concerned can they be co~ ,side red as accruincJ to UNDP'. Oneconsequence of applying this recommendation would be to ~all the balance ofcontributions not yet spent by the end of the year 'Income received inadvance', irrespective of the prriod in respect of which the contribution wasoriginally paid. We would consider this to be confusing - not least to thedonors themselves.
(3) "The auditors support their conclusion with the statement 'The donor isentitled to claim whatever remains unspent'. UNDP's procedures, as well asits agreements with donors in respect of cost-sharing and GCC, clearly providefor un spent balances of such contributions to be refunded to the donor onlyafter th,' relevant project activities have been completed and all financialliabilities and commitments have been satisfied.
(4) "Furthermore, tL npl'!ment the auditors' recommendation would causesevere practical diffiCUlties, since income accounts which can now be closedin February would have to be kept open until the latter part of March whenfinal project expenditures are known, thereby increasing the difficulties ofpromptly closing the accounts and reporting to the Council on the results ofthe y'!l.Ir. The schedules of income would no longer reflect contr ibutions paidduring ~he year, but the equivalent of the expenditure incurred. Additionalschedules would then have to l:Ie prepared indicating the amounts paid, but notyet applied an income, by country and by project so that donor Governmentscould confi~m and reconcile with the amounts of the contributions they havepaid.
(';) "Neither in principle, nor in practice, therefore, can UNDP find merit inchanging its financial rules to accommodate this recommendation."
54. It may also be argued that the sa~e accounting policy shoJld apply to trustfunds, which are also intended to finance specific activities and for whichunexpended funds remaining after the formal closure of the relevant trust fundaccount can only be disposed of in consultation with the donor.
55. The Administration explained that it could not agree with that argument forthe reasons set out in paragraph 53.
Net versus gross basis
56. It is a generally accepted accounting principle that nettIng assets andliabilities of the same nature that do not relate to the same third party should beavoided. Netting income and expenditure is not advisable either, since it deprivesthe reader of important information. As mentioned earlier, we recommended thatnetting should be reversed in the following instances:
(a) Operating funds of executing agencies and Governments as executingagencies (see p.ras. 3~ (a), 39 (c) and 45 (b) above),
(b) Accounts receivable and payable (see para. 40 (c) above).
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Otller amounts charged to indicat he plannihg f igur.~
57. r s ind icated in note 12 tf, the f inuncial st ... tement~, losses on exchange.incur ed in one country were charged to that count~y's indicative planning figurein L9a6. These losses resulted from a disayreement between the Government and lmOpabout t.h::l rate of exchanqe appllcat-le to UNDP cralll':actitms. ThiE issue was brougl",tto the attention of the Governing CouncU in 1985, but t:he opinions of Councilmembeis w~re divided. The Administration considers that it may charge the~~ lossesto indi<;ative planning figures itS ~ong as the Gover.ling Council does notspecific-'llly rule aguinst it, which in this case it. did not. However, the mattp.rha.q beel. referred to the Internllti0nal Court of Justice for arbitration. In ouropinion. it follows chat th~ corresponding ttmount cannot be ,'ha~gl"d to thecountry's indicatil/e plan,ing fi-,jure until a legal decision has been made. It maybe added that, Jr :iew of the volume of the unexpend~d reoources of UNDP, there isno lmmeoiate need co charge these costs to the indicative planning figure. Theother amounts charged to indicative planning figures ~or 1986 should therefore bereduced by $1,144,000 and the excers of incume aver expenditure adjustedar::ordingly.
58. The Administration replied that tile action that it took "was the mastappropriate under the special circumstances existing at the time", adding that thatact ion "had the effect of charging the actual costs incuI'red by UNDP and was donewith the full knowledge of the Governing Council".
Financial :es~rves and ca&h management
~rationdl reserve
5'1. ~'or the past two years, the operational reserve was not: set at a levelconsistent with the stated p~licies of UNDP. In 1985 and 1986, the reserve was$200 million, $30 million and $10 million respectively over the level of;l5 per cent of the eFltimated contribllt10ns (,r expenditures, ..hichever was higher,established in GOl/erning Council decision 80/50 of 30 June 1980. This entailed acorrespond in,! reduction in the level of th~ balance of general resources, lllthoughI t Old not a(l'ect the ability of UNDP to ~-'r,end on its prugrammes since the balancenf reuources was still very high. Furthermore, the anticinated evoluti0n of cheoperational reserl/e goe::: against the basi.:. principle ur,der which it wasestablished. ~'()r all. practic~l purposes, Governi.lg Cou.1cil decision 85/16 of29 June 1985 instead of letting the operational reserv~ increase with income andexp~nditure during the fo~rth cycle (so that it remains at the 25 per cen~ level),keeps it at lb; clIr l",nt level of $200 "'illion until Hs computed level reaches$250 million. It will then be funded up to $210 million only, the $40 milliondifferenc'! ueing used to finance programme expenditure. Although the decision doesnot explicitly Bay so, this amounts to renoun~ing t~e principle of a fUlly fundedreserve.
60. The Administration replied that the situation should be reviewed itshistorical context:
"DeC13ion OU/5U W,HI taken at Cl time whet; thE: l"vel or th~ operational reservehad painstakingly bui It up to :;:200 million and in antici~at.ion of a sleadygrowth of reRourceB during the thi rd cycle, it was (")nsidered essent lal ~()
establlsh a method whereby the operational reserve wOllJ.d t-..e automat lcally
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adjusted. The Administrator does not believe that it was ever the intencionof the Council to reduce the Operational Reserve below $200 million. Thislevel has in practice been considered a minimum level."
The Administration also explained that it could not agree with our conclusionconcerning decision 85/16:
"The reserve is to be retained on a fully-funded basis and decision 85/16simply modifies the formula to the extent that the first $40 million which, byreason of decision 80/50, would otherwise have been added to the operationalreserve, is now excluded and may be applied to the programmes as specified inthat decision. This subject was discussed again at the thirty-fourth sessionof the Governing Council and this interpretation was confirmed."
Liquidity P9sition
61. We reviewed the liquidity position of UNDP, which includes the formallyestablished reserves (operational reserve and reserve for construction loans toGovernments) and a number of unexpended balances: trust fund balances, unexpendedcontributions, such as cost-sharir~ and cash counterpart contributions and specialmeasures funds, and the unexpended balance of general resources. The breakdown ofthe liquidity position (exclUding accumulated balances of non-convertiblecurrencies) is as follows:
31 December 1985 31 December 1986
(Millions of United states dollars)
General resourcesTrust fundsUnexpended contributionsOperational reserveConstruction reserve
148.5204.4134.0200
25
711.9
278.9185.9147.2200
25
62. Even though these resources are lumped together for investment managementpurposes, UNDP considers that the balance of general resources, not beingearmarked, is th~ only one available for its general programme. Thus, theAdministration appears not to take advantage of the potentialities of managing cashon a consolidated basis.
(a) The operational reserve was established to offset shortfalls inresources. uneven cash flows, increases in actual costs in excess of estimates,increased delivery and other contingencies that result in a loss of resources forwhich UNDP has made programming commitments. The short-term nature of thesecontingencies makes the operational reserve seem like a short-term reserve,although the financial regUlations of UNDP stipulate that its working capital is tobe provided from the cash resources of the UNDP account. AS a consequence, it maybe argued that the operational reserve also is available to meet various cash needs.
(~) Concerning trust funds and other "tied" contributions, the fact that UNDPis required to maintain separate accounting records for each trust fund, toidentify other types of contributions clearly and to ensure that the unspent part
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of these resources is available at ~ny time for the purpose for which they werecontributed dOb.) not bar it from usIng the cash availabl", wherever it comes from,to fund itfl var ious activities, provided that adequate interest arriln'lemnnt.s aremade.
In OUL view, adherence to such cash m;:\l1agement po!il:ies would not run contrary tot.he praflfH~t f j nanc ial reglll3t ions and rules and wou Id result in lower liquid i t:y'equiremen\:p.
(,J. 'rho Administration commented aH foUows:
"Sincl', as the iluditors acknOWledge, UNDP comminglea its clIsh and investmentsfor investment purposes, it is not clear what is meant by the statement 'tneAdmin istrat ion appears not to take advantage of the potent ia li ties of manag ingcash on a conSOlidated basis'.
"(a) Decision 80/50 of the Governing Council specifically limits thepurposes for which the operational reserve was established to those mentionedby the au~itol8 in their first sentence and any other purposes are thereforeexcluded. It can be described as a 'short-term reserv' in that it isintended to overcome temporary cash flow or other unflreseen financialdifficultils which may arise over a relatively short period of time. Inaccordance with UNDP's financial regulations, the resel 9 must be fully-fundedMId the Administrator must report promptly to the Council any draw-rlown whichhe may arprove. This being so, it ls difficult to understand the auditors'conclusion that' the operational reserve also is available to meet variouBcash needs'.
"(b) Regarding the auditors' suggestion that UNDP could use any cashavailable from trust fund contributions for any of its activities and thatthis would result in lower 'liquidity' requirements, in our opinion is notconsistent with the financIal regulations and rules or with sound financialmanagement principles, and would vlolate UNDP's fiduciary relationship withi~s fund donors. We would also point out that the auditors' r.eferenc to'trust funds and other "tied" contributions' is somewhat misleading as itimplies that all UNDP-administered trust funds are tied. This is certainlynot the case. The only 'tied' contributions received by UNDP wer~ fundsaccepted by UNCDl', UNSO and UNFSSTD over a Umi ted per iod of time June 1982 toApril 191:l6. These were accepted with the specific approval of the Counci 1 and.eporterl to the Council in detail."
Miscellaneous financial issues
Bank accounts
64. We noticed that UNDP did not have complete control over the management,opening, m,1intainin", or closing of its bank accounts for technical, in the case ofnon-convertible currencies, as well as political reasons. lJNDP uhoul,l neverthelf!s8continun attempting to cut the number of bank accounts in order to reduce the costsand work. l.nvolved. Moreover, UNDP keeps twu different listinqs of contr ibut.i.onbank accounts, wbich need uprlating and are not consistent '~ith one another. Of theseven banks that did not reply to our confirmat.ion request, three had not Rent anyfltatement since mid-1986, which prevented Ilny I'Ittempt at reconciliation with the
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cash hooks of UNOP/ the'! total amount involved was $1,298,000. AccorcHng to theAdminifltr.\t ion, In the Rccounts al two of these banks thlHfl had been notranllllct.iorw dur Inq t.he yl'i.'Ir except blink charges, while the third bank had notprovided uat iat'i\Ctory service for Borne time. We consider that these bank accountsRhould bp ()!oned or t.ransferred to other banks.
65. 'fh£' Administration commented as follows:
11 (a) lJNOP attempts to minimize the number of hank accounts which itlIIainta [nA, but in those cases where a suhstantial amount of a curr3ncy isheld, it is considered prudent to retain a headquartflrs-controlled account,even where lJNDP has another account in the country operated by the fieldoffice. In one country, a number of bank accounts exist at the express wishof a major donor Government. UNDP has initi~ted negotiations to reduce thenumher of these account!'!.
11 (b) UNDP has laken the action necessary to ensure that the informationon both its bank listings is now consistent and correct. Of the three bankswhich did not provide bank statements, the ext.ernal auditors were advised on4 May that two nf the accounts would be closf:d and that consideration would begiven to changing the thi:d to a different hank."
Exchange rate problems
66. A situat.ion in which several exchange rates obtain in a given country mayentail important accounting and financial consequences. We noted one case in whichthe l'xchange rate available lo the organization locally for most transactions hadbeen three tim~s the United Nations operational rate for several years, but thelatter was not. revised, as it should have belm according to the Finance Manual.This resulted in the overvaluation of income and expenditure denominated in localcurrency when they were converted into united States dollars. The fictitiousexchanqe g,lin thclt ensued was balanced by an overvaluatiol1 of assets held in localcurrency. Thp Administration considered that the amounts involved were negligiblein relat ion to th£" '1loba I figures of UNDP. However, these account ing problems alsr)have financial impll.catiof'l.-l in that they lead to the overvaluation of governmentcontributions to local ')cflce C0!1tl when they !Ire converted into United Statesdollars. 'rhiR amount~; to raising tne country's waiver from its theoretical levelof 75 per cent to ,111 actual level of some 90 per Gent. Other l!xamples of mistakenmanagement decisionl1 due to t.his discrepancy in exchange rates were reported t<.> theAdministration.
(,7. '\'he Administration comlnented ao follows:
"This exchllnge rlltf' queBtion has been under discussion with the Government andttle Residf!nt Representlltiv(' since May 1986. As explained to the aUditors, lhesitu lit ion in the country cited is somewhat different than in other offices, inlh.lt there is no market-determJ.ned rate of exchange lInd the Government appliesdiffer~nt ratps of exchange La different types of disbursement. UNDP has notyet !JI'Cli able to obtain an official decree which will en ,b1e it to ascertaint.he structuu' of eXchange rates !.n the country and therebl' determine theappropriate rate. The matter is being vigorously pursued with the objectiveof obtainin<j thfl most favou.·able legal rate of exchange for UNDP."
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Budget implementation
68. In the biennial budget, funds are appropriated ~''I the Governing Counr"il undereight appropriation lines. The Administration is authorized to redeploy resourcesfreely within the limits of each appropriation line (see financial regulation 11.1and financial rule 111.1). However, it appears that the pattern of appropriationlines is not meaningful since the entirety of the "core" budget falls within asingle appropriation line ($299.4 million initially apl-,ropriated for 1986-1987),while the amounts appropr iated under the o(;t-aer lines l'ange from $17.1 million(Office for Projects Evaluation) to $0.7 million (information referral system fortechnical co-operation among developing countries). Even though the core budget isbroken down into 38 categories of expenditure in the supporting documents furnishedto the Governing Council, this detailed pattern of appropriation is no l binding onthe Administration. The amounts involved at the category level may b.! higher thanthose appropriated under specific appropriation lin0s.
69. In this context, the discretionary power of the Administration is understoodto be limited by unwritten managerial rules, but these rules do not prohibit majorchanges in budgetary policy.
(a) For example, it is understood that the initial core bUdget estimates arerevised (twice during the biennium) for the sole purpose of taking into accountcost adjustments (as opposed to changes in quantities). However, changes in thecircumstances (some 40 months elapse between the formulation of budget eBti:na~~s
and the end of the biennium) and shifts in the Administration's policies result inmajor ch~ngeB in the application of resources. Thus estimat~s of electronicdata-prQ(essing expenditures have lagged far behind actual expenditures because ofmajor policy changes in that area. The Administration expl~ined that it had to useits delegated authority to take advantage of fast technologlcal changes inelectronic data-processing systems and equipment. Nevertheless, tighter control ofelectroni,.. data-processing expenditures would have been advisable since UNDP policyin that al ~ is highly questionable (see paras. 108 to 125 below). Another case inpoint is temporary assistance: the revised estimates are exceeded because suchfunds are applied to over long-term needs and, in fact, supplement regular staff,whose num~Jr is more closely monitor~d.
(b) Another unwritten rule bars redeployment of resources from the field toheadquarters and from staff costs to general oper at ing expenses. However, we notedthat in 1986 a relative redeployment from the field to headquarters had t~ken
place: expenditures fc)r the latter amounted to 58 per cent of those incurred forfield offices, whereas the ratio of ~ppropriations was only 52 per cent.Similarly, a slight relative redeployment from staff costs to general ()pe~ating
expenses occurred.
70. The gist of the Administration's point of view re~ardinq this matter is that ahigh dbgree of flexibility is needed in an ever-changing operating and ~lIdgetary
environment. Although we cannot but agree that flexibility is needed, we thinkthat, as thingo now stand, there is too much flexibility rather than too little andthat tighter control of the budget by the Governing Council would be In order. Wetherefore recommend that the core budget submitted for approval have a much moredeta 11ed pat tern of appropriation li.nes. To cope wi th cant ing.~ncl.fls, simple rulesregarding tr'!lnsferli from one line to another would be drawn \Ip. Major "real"
-40-
changes (as opposed to cost adjustments), however, would have to be incorporated inthe revised estimates submltted to the r,overning Council for approval.
71. The Administration'. rEtply on i1udget impleme"ltation was a. follow••
(1) "In UNDP'. view, a more detailed appropriation h not de.irable and theinterests of the organisation Are beet .erv.d by a wide delegation ofmanagement authority to the AJ,ninistrator for 'core' activiti.s on the bashof trust and proven performance. In its early year., the Governing Councildid approve for UNDP a more d.tail.d appropriation and .xperience d.mon.trat.dthat this was unsatisfactory. The preSflnt format of the appropriations ha.been accepted by the Governing Council and by the Advisory Committ.e withoutreservation sinoe it was first introduced for the .upplem.ntary budg.testimates for the bi.nnium 1980-1981 and at the thirty-fourth .e.sion of theCouncil in June 1987 it has again been applied for the biennium 1988-1989.
(2) "We would agree that such delegat.d authori ty .nabl.s .hifts in budg.tarypolicy to be effected in mid-biennium and, ind••d, would cont.nd that this i.one reason why such delegated authority is de.irable, provided that it isexercised in a responsible manner. W. disagr.e with the three point. made bythe auditors, who appear to believe that this has nQ~ be.n .x.rcisedresponsibly, viz.
"( ) UNDP fully agrees that a major redeploym.nt of re.ource. wa.effected in 1985 in respect of EDP, but would reject the charact.risation nfits policy on EDP as being 'highly que.tionable'. A full re.pon•• to this isgiven in the r.l.vant part of the report below. In ••••nc., Manag.mentbelieves this r.deployment to have been fully ju.tified a. an appropriateexercise of managerial di.cr.tion.
"(b) As explained to the aUditors, the Administration considers thattemporary assistance is, in certain circumstances, an appropriate, flexibleresponse to staffing pre••ures. It .hould, however, be ncted that, neither in1984-1985 nor in 1986, did UNDP exceed its overall appropriation es~imate. forstaff costs.
"(c) As to the assertion that in 1986 rnource. wllre redeployed fromfield to headquarters and from staff costs to general operating expenses, wecannot follow the report's reasoning. In fact, the variance analysis for 1906indicates that UNDP underepent again.t the appropriation estimates approved bythe Governing Council in all four sectors of this quadrant, inclUdingheadquarters and field. UNDP certainly underspent les. in hoadquarters thanin the field, but this can in no ~'ay be construed all r.deploying [or us. inheadquarters resources that were intended for the field. The term 'relativeredeployment' therefore giVP.9 a wholly misleading impression of UNDP's budgetmanagement."
Budgetary control
72. BUdget appropriations are lmplementeJ through the illsuance of allotments.Expenditures /He checked t'ga irHlt allotments by cert i fy ing off icerll in eachorganizational unit (see financial regulation 14.1 and financial rule. 114.1 and111.3).
-41-
(a) We were concerned about the fact that all bUdget requests ano calls forallotment revisions from the six field offices that we visited had receiv6d apositive answer from headquarters in recent years and that the practice seemed tobe widespread Ilmong headquarters units as well, While we realize that "the audgetSFlct!on has to provide UNDP managers I~ith resources adequllte for their operationalneen!3", our observations lead ua to ue:ieve that the appraisal of such needs couldbe stricter and downward preosure coul1 be more continuously brought to bear.
(b) We noted serious breakdowns in the perfoL",ance of the certifyingfunction. The Administration acknowledged those breakdowns to some extent, butstressed thct "on the whole, the system in placp works, the internal control~,
while subject to improvement, ar~ effective and lead to sound financial managementand t.he overrLAns are not frequent and definitely not slgnificant".
7.1. We cannot concur in that view.
(a) In 1986, expenditures 11' 30 field offices excet3ded the o'vc::all allotment,as revised at year-end, granted to finance the local office costs. The magnitudeof the overrun varied between 1.2 and 30 per cent of the overall allotment. In32 cases, there were also overruns in total offi~e costa (includins coatd relatedto interl ational staff) and, in 28 cases, expenditures exceeded appropriations(rF!vised 'stimates). Those overruns were said to result from year-end revisions ofthe local staff sal"ry scale, from the u,.derestimation of charges and from failur~
to record unpaid items.
(b) Similarly, at headquarters, overall allotments were exceeded by totll19A6 expenditures in several organi2~tlonal units, includin~ the Bureau [or Globaland {nterregiorill Projects (by 23 pllC cent) and the Division of Personnel (by17 per cent). If one lo')ks only at the categod.es of elCpenditl.re that are ""tcentrally managed and therefore are l..'lder the certifying officers' direct(enponsibl1ity, the following are some of the overrunSI
Temporary asqistancel
Consultants:
Trainingl
Travel on official business:
Reg iOll,1 1 Bureau for Africa 73 per centDiv i 13ion of Personnel lE i~~[ cent
Regional Bureau for Ai.ica 65 per centDivision for Administrative
and Management Servic~s 1'1 per cent
DivisIon of Personnel 58 per cent
Bureau for Finance andAdministration, Office ofthe Assistant Administrator 2.~ per cent
Dureau for Global andInterregional Projects 15 l-lp.r ce·'t
These over runs were said to be due to "temporary superl"umerary staffing situationsand to unforeseen trai~ing costs related to EDP, an inadequate understanding uf thenew ~llotment system for traini~g and an element nf limited financial control".
(c) It mUFlt be pointed out that overruns also occur during the yellr and notonly at year-end.
-42-
(d) In all such instanceu, disbursements and/or commitments were made out oflunds that were not currently available under the relevant allotment line.Consequently, those tr,nsactions were not in accordance with the above-mentionedfinancial regulation and rules.
74. We are fully aware that the Budget Section ia monitoring the budgetaryperformance of UNOP, a highly complex orgllnization, and is engaged in extensive.correspondance on budg~tary issues with its various organizational units. Wethink, however, that there is room for much improvement in the performance of thecertifying function: the role and responsibilities of certifying officers need tobe re-emphasized; guidelines dealing with budgetary control at headquarters shouldbe included in the Finance Manual, the accounting data base, now updated on a dailybasis, should be converted into a clI:rent on-line inquiry system for all certifyingofficers based at headquarters, certifying offic~rs, especially in the fieldoffices, should record unpaid items ill the expenditures and request that relatedobligations be raised at year-end, and certifying officers could be provided with astandardized budget management software package in order to enable them t:o monitorexpenditures against allotment:s.
75. The Administration's Lsply rpgarding budgetary control was as follows I
(1) "As regards the report's comments en budgetary control, theAdministration recognises that further improvement is needed in this area, hasanalysed the various problems that need to be addressed and has a strategy fortackling these. We regret that this perspective is nowhere acknowledged inthe audit report and that some of the actions we stated we were undertakingand which were given to the auditors in writing appear as recommendationa inthnt report, e.g. virtually all the recommendations contained inparagraph (10) below.
(2) "Furthermore, the whole tenor of these paragraphs is that UNDP lacksbudgetary contruL This, in management'o vIew, is extremely misleading. Inbudgetary terms, expenditures overall have been well within the approvedClppropriatic..ns.
(3) "Management wollld also like to emphasise that staff costs represent over7~ per cent of the UNDP budget and, from a budgetary standpoint, these arecontrolled by means of the staffing table. This is jointly maintained byBUdget Section and the Division ~f Pe~sonnel, outside the normal ~llotment
system. The allotment figure for these cast~, which is several times referredto by the ~udit team. represents a system-generated expenditure prujection forthe organisat iOll as a whole and not. a delegated authori ty to incurexpenditures as ~s the case for other expenditure objects. The system ofstaffing table ':ontrol ensures that this mOlt important compone.lt of overallbudgetary expenditures is closely ana effectively monitored ~nd controlled.
(4) "The rllport stal:efl that downward budgetary pressure co..tld be 'morecontinuously brought to bear'. It ls unclear what this means since no caseshave been cite(J of excl!sslve budgeting or of excessive spending :'.n fieldoffices or headquarters. So~e ir~tances of inappropriate expendlture at thein(Jividual level are of ~ourse bound to ~cur in an annual budget of.~2QO million ard 200 organisational units. As and when these come tomclnllgement I s attention, they are ructi fled on a case-by-case basis. However,no such c,'1ses have been cited and, overall, we would argue that UNDP is
-43-
tightLy budgeted and staffed for the tasks with which it is charged. As weindicated to the audit team, initial allotments for a given year are veryconservative and, contrary to t.he impression given in the report, subsequent1'I!queStB for revisions are scrutinized in det.'!\il and by no means always<lpl'roved. Management is satisfied that appropriate controls are workingwell. It is inci,dent.ally difficult to reconcile thp comments inparagraph 72 (a) with the acknowletigement of Budget Se('t-ion's monitoring and'extensive co~respondence' contaIned in pl!\ragraph 74.
(5) "As correctly stated by the~lIditors, 30 field offices exceeded theirallotments as at thl- end of 1986. 'ro Bet this in perspective, the table givenbtllow provides a statistical breakdown for all field offices of expenditureagainst end-of-year allotments for 1986. Thi~ table excludes internationalHtaff costs which are ~ot allotted to the field offices, but are managed hyheadquarters through the staffing table. As will be noted from the table,beLow, 84 offlces contained expendJ.tures within the allotment level, 52 ofthem to less than 95' of their allotments.
(6) "The audit, d then refer to 32 c~ses of cost overrlln~ on total 1986<'ffice costs including international staff costs. In UNDP's view, any<lnalysis at the level of individual field offices (or, indeed, of headquartersunits) of expenditure inclusive of international staff costs is notpart.icularly meaningful, since such costs include a major element of commonHtaff costs which are estimated globally and pro-rated across allor'lani zat ional uni ts but in practL.., ;;i 11 veLy considerably accord ing to suchf~ctors as f~mily size, home le~ve cycles, reassignment patterns, number of USstaff (eor whom r~imbursement of national inccme taxes represents anadditional cost). It is perha~s more useful to note tha~ 1966 expendituresfor all field offices, including international staff costs, fell 5' short of',111otm'!nts' aB a whole.
(1) "The auditors then refer to 28 cases where field office expenditures"xceeded the 'appropriation'. Since there is no 'appropriation' by thnCouncil for individual offices, we assume that t~e comparison was made againstth,·! total amount shown for each field office in the bu(l'Jet estimates preparerl.IH a basis for requesting the aggregate appropriation. Ag&in, In UNCP's view,~luch cl1mparisons are less than melH:ingful. Apart from the somp-what fortuitousincidence of internatioOlal common staff costs on inrlivi;lual offices, thef'stimates at this level are subject to too many vagaries to be very accurate'fl many cases - changes 1n operatin'l environment, inflation rates, sometimesextreme currency fluctuations, to name only the most obvious. It shoulrl.however, be noted that exp!'nditllrps foc the field offices as a Whole, againincluding international :~rf costs, w~re only 89' of the appropriation,·"tirnatf)!) in L986.
(Il) "An re"ardB the picture at hnadquarters, as shown in the tabLe below, thevost majority of organisational uni~s remainerl within their overallallotments, "Jlthough there were certainly more instances in Which unitspxceeded thp.ir allotments at the object code level. In this connp.etion, stel'fJh~ve .,lready been taken to HtresB to headquarters untts that th(l certifyin'l1,,~;p()llfdhlLity l"l:r.n,ln to th" <~ll()~mr:nt. object level and not, nll~relt to t1l"d I lot.ment ,Ul a wl1ole.
-44-
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(9) "The statistics shown in the tab_~ dre confined to the objects ofexpenditure which are controlled by the units themselves; they thereforeexclude the staff cost elements which are subject to the external factorsalready explained above, such as th~ incidence of income tax in DGIP. Eachunit had its own special circumstances, e.g. UNV and IAPSU are based in Genevawhere the depreciation of the dollar vis-a-vis the Swiss franc caused specialproblems, since their allotments were denominated in dollars; the Division ofPerscnnel had special problems with the training budget, problems which havenow been rectified; the Ener~y Office experienced a change in management inthe last quarter of the year. While management recognises that such specificsdo not excuse expenditures that exceed allotment levels, it would re-emphasisethat the overall problem is understood, is not as widespread as is implied bythe report and that steps are in hand to improve the situation during 1987.
(10) "We agree with the auditors that there is room for improvement in thearea of budgetary control and, as we informed them, the BUdget Section istaking the following specific steps in this regard:
"(a) Providing to all managers an end-of-year variance report withindividualised follow-up where necessary.
"(b) Issuance of budget management guidelines for headquarters units.
"(c) Establishment of an on-line inquiry system on expenditures forcertifying officers.
"(d) Design of a simple PC-based sub-system for budget monitoring andexpenditure projections.
"(e) Increased Budget section involvement in headquarters administrativetraining courses.
"(f) Individualised attention to organisational units with chronicdifficulties in budget management with a view to jointly solving these during1987."
76. Concerning the Administration's remarks in paragraph 75 (1) above, we wish toemphasize that it would be more correct to say that the actions finally recommendedwere elaborated through the audit procedure. We also wish to reiterate that thebasic pcoblem concerning budgetary control is that allotments controlled bycertifying officers are exceeded often and by large amounts.
Budgetary trends
77. The Administration emphasized that it exercised its discretion and flexibilityin the overall interests of an efficient and effective organization, to eschewrigidities and to avoid refusing additional resources simply for the sake ofstringent appropriation control, preferring to be assessed in terms of outputrather than input. With this point of view in mind, we analysed the trend of UNDPadministrative and programme support costs (operating costs). The ratio of thecosts of core activities (core budget expenditures plus extrabudgetary expendituresrelated to cost-sharing) to core resources was 10.9 per cent in 1980-1981,13.5 per cent in 1982-1983 and 15.4 per cent in 1984-1985. In 1986, the ratio was14.1 per cent, since expenditures are always held back during the first year of a
-46-
biennium to generate sal/ings to be used du~ing the second year, when overspendingusually occurs, and since there was a marked increast'! in programme expenditure lastyear. Concurrently, the ratios of programme expenditures and agency support coatsto core resources declined (78.4 and 10.7 per cent respectively in 1980-1981, 76.2and 10.5 per cent in 1982-1983, 74.5 and 10.1 per cent in 1984-1985 and 76.3 and9.6 rer cent in 1986).
?H. In I/iew of the cumbersome transfer mechanisms (extrabudgetary income,"accounting linkage" between voluntary contr ibutions and government cont.dbutionsto l(~al office costs, and income related to add-on funds) used to earmark a shareof UNDP total resources (voluntary contributions, voluntary programme costs,cost-sharing contributions, government cash counterpart contributions, gov~rnment
contributions to local office costs, and miscellaneous income accruing mainly frominterest on investment.s) and apply that share to balancing the operating costsincurred by UNDP in respect of non-core activities, gros8 figures appear to be thE.'hetter basis for computation.
(a) For UNDP as a whole, the ratio of total operating costs (including thoseof the trust funds) to total resources is increasingl 12.4 per cent in 1980-1981,16.3 per cent in 1982-1983, 18.9 per cent in 1984-1985 and 16.3 per cent in thefirst year of the 1986-1987 biennium.
(b) For the UNDP aCCClUI:t alone (excluding all the trust funds), the figuresare a s follows:
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As noted above, the f~vour~ble figure recorded in 1986 is linked p~rti~lly to thefact th~t 1986 was the first ye~r of the biennium nnd partially to the increaac inproject (,xpenditurcs. with the slowdown in delivery expected in the ye~rs to come,the ratio is likely to rise again, especially during the second year of thebiennium.
79. The Administration's reply reg~rding budgetary trends was ~s follows:
(1) "We very much regret th~t the spec i fic observ~tions cont~ ined in th i>lsection of the ~udit report were at no time discuslled with UNDP's man~gement
and consequently no opportunity was ~fforded for an exchange of views on thissubject. It is particularly unfortunate th~t this should h~vc occurred wit:)dn issue as important and sensitive ~s the r~tio of progr~mme support ~nd
administrative costs to tot~l costs, since in U~DP's view such an ~n~lysin
requires the figures presented to be interpreted with c~re, t~king fully Intoaccount all the m~ny factors involved.
(2) "As reg~rds the centr~l thesis, n~mely that ~dministrative expenditureshave in the first half of the 1980'" been consuming ~n increasing share ofgeneral UNDP resources, UNDP would treely concede this, as well ~s its concernth~t this trend be contained. The Governing Council is ~lso well ~ware oftt.is and confronts the problem at e~ch ye~r'B regul.u session.
(3) "In order to implement the Governinq Counc il' s str~tegy to cope wi th th inphenomenon, man~gement's actions may be summarized here ~s follows:
"(a) Incre~se volunt~ry contributions and therefore overall realresuurces.
"(b) Acceler~te progr~mme delivery.
"(c) Maintain a zero-growth core budget in real terms.
"(d) Implement the Governing Council decision on net contr ibutor status,[(!ducing the C08t to UNDP of maintaining universality in the Programme whlleenabling more of UNDP's gener~l resources to be channelled to the leastdeveloped countries.
"(e) Increase host government contributions to the cost of the fieldoffice network so as to decre~se the net cost of this net.'rk to UNDP generalresources.
"(f) Enaure thal non-core activiti.~s - such liS cost.-sharing, managementservices, trust funds, etc - are seLf-supporting by means of theextrabudg~tary account.
(4) "In this connection, Lt. is perhaps also worth noting some of the mo[('sigr.ificant political rcali.ti, 1 that give rioe to the phenome:lon, fiince thpnedro also nat r~ferred to in thp report:
··49-
"(a) 1\ proliferation of seplHat", funds placed under t.he mani\gement of theAdministrator, each with its unique characteristics and managerialrequirements. This point applies not only to the multitude of small trustfunds that UNOP adminlnters but also to some '.>f the trust funds for whichthere is a Leparate appropriation line. While from a strictly managerialstandpoint, the economics or liuch activiti!'B might be questioned, the re,llityis that {JNOP's constituent governments support this process.
"(b) A general consensUD on the part of member states that UNOP retainits universality in terms of the coverage of its programme, geographically andsectorally, as well as the coverage of its field office network. Again, froma strictly management standpoint, this sometimes results in essentiallyuneconomic administrative and project structures. Member states, however,evidently jUdge this cost to be a price worth paying for the principle ofuniversi'llity.
"(c) A continuous growth in the expectations placed on lINDP by its memberstates. Many of these expectations - or mandates - revolve not so much aroundthe funds being managed by the organisation as around UNDP's pivotal role inthe development process and within the UN family of agencies. For instance,survl'ys have indicated that most field offices spend more than 40% of theirstaff time on projects, programmes and activities not directly related tolINDP-managed funds. For the sake of the current argument, the salient pointof such mandates is that they do not lend '~emselves to financialquantification and therefore do not appear in tables such as that presented inthe report. Finally, this growth in mandates is matched by:
"(d) A determination by member states to contain core administrativeexpendi tures, wh Ue ensur in,] l"hat non-core war kload elements afeself-supporting.
(5) "UNDP doefl, therefore, agree that. administrative costs were on anascending curve in relation to the funds being managed by the organisationduring the 1980's. We would note however t.hat the auditors have chosen to usegrosn expenditure figures in the table in paragraph 78. In a number ofinstancen, the use of groBs figures in this context is inappropriate andseriously misleading for the following reasons:
"(a) It excludes government contributions to local office costs, whichare spec if ieally seen hy memh!~r states as bl'ing a means to reduce UNDP' s netexpenditures.
"(b) It exclUdes Opg',; "upport cost eArnings which are intended by theGover ning Council to enSUl'" that the net cost of OPE t.o UNDP' s bienn ial budgetIs nil. This ignores the fact that OPE's growth represents an increase inUNDP' s rol(~ as an t>xecut ine) ilgency and Gannot be seen as reprl'sent inguncontrolled budgetary yrowth.
"(c) It iqnores the fact that IAPSU is financed from support costs fromIts establispment. As such, althou'lh IAPSIJ is given a gross administrative.lppropriation, its total cost should he shown under the aqency support. costLine. In quoting IAPSU's gross expenditures under administrative costs, thereport is in fact double-countinq, since these costs also appear against thesupport cost line, which we find unacceptable.
-50-
"(d) It excludes the UN Environment Programme's '\0' contribution to the'UNSQ-UNDP/UNEP Joint Venture. The entire concept of this venture is that UNDPshould bear only half of the cost, and it has never borne more than half. Itis inappropriate, therefore, to include UNEP's share as part of UNOP'sactministrative and programme support costs.
"(e) The table appears to include staff assessment in gross expendituresup to and inclUding 1985. Since this had no relevance to UNDP as a voluntaryfund, the practice of mutually offsetting income and expenditlJ,.e for staffassessment was dropped in 1986 and it should be eliminate!.> from anycomparative figures for preceding years.
(6) "For these reasons the picture presented in the above-mentioned table ismisleading and it is unfortunate that it forms the basis for the auditorsconclusions. To clarify the situation, the following table is provided whichtakes into account the f~ctors mentioned above and which is based on netexpenditures for the oryanisation as a whole. We would emphasize that UNDPdoes not deny that there is a problem, but dop,s not think that the problem isas severe as the report implies. Moreover, in UNUP's view, the problem isrooted in systemic factors rather than, as is implied in the repo.t, in poormanagement.
-51-
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EXCllelVI GUTT... IIND'NQ
(7) "Wi th regards to the I cumberso..lIe' transfer mechanismr; refer r"d to inparagraph 78, the report provides little substantiation for the impliedcriticism of the aLove phra~e. It is therefore difficult for us to respondadequately, aave to observe that the accounting linkage, the extrabudgetarymechanism and add-on fLJ'lds are conceptually qui te different in nature andintent Rnd, as such, should not be grouped together. Fur~hermore, each ofth~m has been the subje~t of extensive c0nsideration by UNDP's governing bodywhich has approved their creation and reviews their operations."
80. 'I'lIe following clarification concerning the Administration's reply appeArs tobe in order:
(a) 'rhe rE"port providl!s both net and gross figures, the net figures in thetable included in the Administration's comments are mentioned in paragraph 77 above(expresB~d as percentages),
(b) ~egarding the use of gross tigures, we reiterate our contention that t~ey
represent the most adequate means of comparing total project costs with the totalcosts to UNDP of administ'lring these projects, the fact that such administrat!\idcosts may be covered by a variety of specific resources has no bearing on theamount 0f administrative costa,
(c) Regarding the ccmments in paragraph 79 (11 above, we wish to point outthat, although they were not specifically discussed with the Administration, allthe figures and tables that we mentioned were worked out with UNDP.
81. In addition to the trrns!er mechanisms noted above, other admi~~strative andprogramme support costs that should normally be financed out of the I)iennial budgetare in fact charged to programme expenditure through programme logir.tical supportprojects (PLSPs). By their very nature, these projects occupy a grey area bet.weenthe biennial bUdget and the progullnme expenditures. To clarify the matter, theAdffiinlstrator has est~b1lshed new guidelines stating clearly that "PISPs must notbe UD:·(j to provide extra resourcefl for the field office for its normalIJd"d.lli.i,I;r.lltive functions" and that "the support services provided would normally beinc!"ldCld in the budgets of individual projects". However, our audit disclosed thatprogramme l(~istical support projects were in tact still being used to financeaumini&t rlllt iv(: expend i tu re .. of field of f ices. Moreover, the report ing proceduresestabli~hed in September 1984 to implement the above-mentioned guidelines have notbeen adhert;<1 to. The provisIons stating tha\. all annual report on all existingprojects of this type should be sent to Headquarters were not implemented in 1984,1985 or 1986. New programme 10gistica1 support projects are now cleared by theBureau for Finance and Administration before approval, but it is still impossibleto mea8ure the extent to which they are used to provide ~xtra resources to thefield offices fer their normal adm~nistrative and general programme supportfunctions. OwIng to a faulty classification of these projects in UNDP COftlputerfi les, it has not even been possible to obta in a complete list of those which arecurrf'nt:Jy being carried out. Hence, the above-mentioned figures and percentagesconcernir.g llNOP administrative and programme support costs, especially those forrecent years during which the number of progtamme logistical support projElcts hasincrear;ed, are understilted. We recommend that the 1984 guidelines be strictlyenforced IInrl, in particular, that programme loqistical support project expendituresthat: m~e clearly of an administrative nature be taken back from the indicativeplanning figures and charged to the biennial budget.
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82. The Administration commented as follows:
"As regards programme logistical support projects, managpment regrets that thedlaft report makes no reference to the exten~ive dialog'le th~t took place withthe audit team during their mission, or to the exercise that is alreadyunderway to rectify the fl~ws in the present system of information andcC\"trol. Moreover, we would argue that, until the review presently underwayhas been completed, it is not p09slb1e to draw negative general conclusions Inthe manner that the audit team has don"!."
83. With respect to the above comments by th,~ Administration, we wish to point outthat the correc, ive actions that were undertaken were decided following our auditand that ?ur observations are valid as at the end of the audit per ion.
Conclusion
84. 'mop programme expenditures have decrpased in recent years (except in 1986)even if one takes into account all the non-core activiti~s carried out by theorganization. On the other hand, operating costs have increased slightly even ifone considers only administrative and programme support costs for core activities.To a certain extent, thio increase has been offset by the decrease in the share ofsupport costs paid to executing agencif"s, in line with the decreaRtl ~n programmeexpenditures. On the whole, however, it appears that operating costs account foran increasing share of the total resources of UNDP.
Programme and project management
Delivery policy
85. For the first time since 1981, both the rate of delivery and the level ofprogramme expendit,.re inc:'eased in 1986, reaching 77 per cent (compared with7~ per cent in 1~85) and $563 million respectively for indicative planning figureprogramme delivery (compared with $482 million in 1985). r~(lng the reasons forthis increase are the weakness of th~ United States dollar ag~inst other currenciesin 1986 and the effects of the last year of the third cycle. However, both thedelivery rate and programme expenditure level are expected to decline once again in19B7.
86. The Administration commented as follows:
"Following the continuing decline in Pr0gramme Delivery in 1982-1984, bothshort- and long-term actions had been initiated to correct weaknesses. UNDP'sfirst major objective was to re'"establish confidence in the funding methods.Multi-year forward-looking targets were established. As a cJnsequence in 1985and particularly in 1986 substantial increases in Programme Delivery have beenachieved. The continuing UNDP efforts are geared to reach an optimum deliveryduring the Ciral years of the current IPF cycle and not simply to decrease theamount of available unexpf>nded resources. More importantly, t,hcse efforts aremeant to ensure a logical smooth pattern of annual expenJiture levels over the1987-1991 period, wi th an eye on a smooth transition to the next IPF cycle.Thus, based on current resource projections, the fourth cycle expenditureprofile provides for $590 million in 1987 to be followed by $660 million(1988), $690 million (1989), $710 million (1990), $715 million (1991). As
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stated above, th~ 1987 IPF e~penditure target is $590 million. As 1987 is thefirst year of the new cycle, the build-up of the project pipeline annappruvals thereof are relatively slow, (awaitlng approval by the GoverningCouncil of the new country programmes). Consequently, the Administrator hastaken energetic steps to enhance the build-up of the programme and he ishopeful th3t th'! established delivery target for the year will be achieved."
87. In 1986, the Governing Council expressed ·concern at the decliningimplementation rate 0'.: the projects funded by the United Nations DevelopmentProgral11ll'''" (decision 86/15, para. 10). Tt:is led the Administration to speed up theimplementation of the fourth-cycle programmes (annual neetings with executingagencies, a project development facility, a training programme in the area ofresource management, and more expeditious project approval in 1987). We areconcerned about the fact that speeding up approval may impair the quality ofproject design and content. To ensure quality, the supply of potential projectsfor each country should always exceed available resources. This is no 10n':I('r thecase at present. In the field offices that we visited where programme expenditure.targets had bllen introduced, we noted that resident representatives were payingspeoial attention to the delivery rate. There is a risk that this priority mayjeopardize the quality of project implementation. As for improving the quality ofproject design, the impact of the measures mentioned above will not be felt forsome t.ime.
88. The Administration commented as follows:
"with regard to comments made in the second half of paragraph 87 of thereport, it shouln be emphasized tlult. the overall delivery policy is notdesigned to focus primarily on short-term delivery in quantitative terms,rather it is geared towards advance planning for the timely identification,formUlation, appraisal and approval of quality projects. Import~nt fectors inthis forecast are the necessary lead time for adequate project preparation anda need to reach approval levels of sufficient magnitude to meet expendituretargets for future years within a ro' ling five-year pl~nning period. It iswidely known by now that measures have been taken to ensure that increasedprogramming activities will also result in improved programme and projectquality, i.e. the establishment of the Programme Review Committee (PRC), theoperation of Project Approval C<:mmittees (P;,Cs) at the Headquarters al,d Fieldand by the institution of the Action Commit~ee, in addition to the jointreviews with Agencies. As to the pipeline build-up, we should add that theProje(;t DevHlopment Facility should encourage the build-Up of a projectpipeline. furthermore, an improved Country Programme Management Plan (CPMP)format will be issued soon to Field Offices, providing a better tool tomonitor programme build-up at the country le"el as well as in aggregates. Wewould add that with increased delivery targets now being achieved, newmeasures are being implemented for the further buil~-up of pipelines beyondimmediately available resources."
89. In 1987, emphasis is being placed on countries that have a potential foracceleraced build-up and/or delivery: their programme expenditure targets havebeen increased. Yet this appears to be a way of boosting Gelivery only in theshort term. In the long term, the problem will be to increase delivery incountries where project opportunities a[e scarce and difficult to identify. Thefourth-cycle indicative planning figures of these countries have often beenincreased, but t.he design and approval of the country programmes have been nelayed,
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and the build-up of the "project pipeline" is lagging. The Administrationacknowledged that the current level of project bui]~-up was still too low iftargets for the current ano future years wp.re to be met. In fact, in thoP)countries, the problem facing UNDP is the identificatioll of sufficient I.umber ofprojects on which to spend the allo~ated indicative planning rigure during thefourth cycle.
90. The Administration made the following comments:
"The observation made in paragraph 89 of the report regarding tne potentialfor accelerated delivery in certain countries is generally correct. However,some comments are relevant. I" the first place emphasis is p13ced onincreasing delivery for all c.:>untries and not only for chose where a goodimplementation capacity exists. However, some of the latter countries havelarge IPFs in the fourth cycle and their performance is therefore cruci&l forachieving overall IPF expenditure goals. F.:specially as present resourceconditions and fore~asts indk.. te that not only the totality of fourth cycle"PFs, but ",Iso third cycle ca,:ry-,'ver Cl..l 'oe finanl"'-:.d, it is important thatthey will. reach expenditur p levels of ab0ut one-fifth of their fourth cycleIPF entitlements during the early year~ of the cycle. However, front loadingis recommendeo only in those cases ~nere no adverse effects are expect~d inI.he last years of the cycl.. alld provided the rf!cipient Government concerned i.l.n accord with such front loading. It is, of course, recognized that somer.ountries where larger IPFs are available in the fourth cycle do not have sucha good implementation ~ecord and we believe that the training programmes aswell as other assistance in resource management to these countries will helpduring the fourth cv~' • Also, in some countries conditions are such thatprogramme delivery IS either extremely restricted or imposbible. Th~ fundsfor these IPFs must then be kept in the UNDP account for eventubl delivery."
91. Most comments in the paragraphs that follow stem irom our field officereviews. Examples supporting these observations were given in manaqement letterssent to the Administrator after our audit missions. Even though tht, examples werenot based on a scientific sampling, we be lieve that they r.ecur red often enough tosupport some general conclusions.
Project "lesig!}
97.. The purposes of some projects appeared not to fall within th!! mil"date ofUNDP: for example, subsidies were provided to GO',ernments, on either a temporaryor a regular basis, to defray the administrative costs of seminars and conferencesand to finance fellowships and equipment, particularly vehicles. This applies inparticular to projects that the resident representative is responsible forapproving. The Administration intends to introduce a safeguard procedure at theapproval stage to prevent the establishment of ~uch projects at the field officelevel. ~roject objectives are often vague, unrealistic or ambiguous: properattention i~ not always paid to feasibility. As a consequence, the outputdescribed in the proj~t documents cannot be proJucedJ p,o~P.Cts cannot beterminated and are extended for yearsJ or they simply fall through shortly afterthey are handed over to the recipients because they are not self-supporting. Thisis the result of in,;ufficient project proposal analysis, inadequate or non-existentterms of rp.ference and unsatisfactory evaluation reports at the end of a project'Rfirst phase. At the end of 1987 the administration intends to introduce a newproject document format that should assist in maintaining uniform standards and amore rigorous approach to project desLgn.
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93. The Administration replied that it could not "agree that the financing ofseminars, conferences, fellowships, etc. are not within UNDP's mandate-. Regardingproject design, the Administration also commented:
"There are circumstances in which the delivery of TA requires the provlslon ofoperational posts, for example in the establishment of a Planning Ministry ora statistical office. All projects approved by the Resident Representativesare forwarded to Headquarters for information and scrutiny. Moreover, toreinforce Headquarters involvement, Field Offices will be required in allcases to submit to Headquarters, summari~s of project proposals before finalapproval.-
94. Concerning project formulation, time schedules for implementation are oftenunrealistic and the timing of project stages is too vague. Budgets are ofteninadequate, particularly with regard to the size and nature of the equipmentcomponent. Because of inSUfficient involve~~nt by the recipients in projectformulation, Governments' contributions are vften unrealistic and dictated by theneeds of the agencies and UNDP rather than by commitments that the recipientcountries can undertake. This is Why it is advisable to seek the agreement of theministry of finance on the level and nature of government counterpart contributionsat the appraisal stage. The Administration replied that it had repeatedly stressedthose points in its meetings with executing agencies and Governments, particularlyin relation to the fourth programming cycle.
95. The Administration also commented as fo11:'\11s:
"Regarding project formulation, it is accepted that some projects are poorlydeaigned. Within UNDP however, steps have been taken to improve the qualityof project design. These include training courses for UN system andgovernment staff, feed-back of evaluation results into project design,improved monitoring and a more rigorous approach to the reformulation of thesteps required to retrieve the desired outputs. Wherever possible,quantitative targets are established throughout the project's life.Furthermore, the whole programming and project cycle has been, and continuesto be, subjected to a most rigorous review. The Administration has been awareof the problems in governments finding their counterpart contributions. Wehave been especially acute in recent years in those countries undertakingstructural adjustments. The matter has been discussed in the working Group ofthe Governing Council and UNDP is pursuing several possible solutions.-
Appraisal and approval process
96. The appraisal and approval process at headquarters is not satisfactory.Project proposals are not always reviewed with the thoroughness required. Weexamined projects that failed mainly because of faUlty project designs that werenot identified at the appraisal stage. Furthermore, the technical appraisal ofprojects did not always take place before approval since regional bureaux did notsystematically insist on it, and when they did, very often it was not taken intoaccount, even in cases where the conclusions should have led to major changes inthe project design.
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97. The Administration commented as follows:
URegarding appraisal ~nrl approval UNDP lA not aware of any cases wheratechnical appraisals I'ere not carried out before approval or where therecommendations arising from such appraisals were ignored. Furthermore, theestabliehment of Project Appraisal Committees at the Headquarters and Lilt,Field level, and the Action Committee at the level of the Administrator areintended to secure that l\ high .itandar<'l of project '1l1ality Is malnt.i\ine<l.u
98. Regarding the Administration'e reply, we wish to point out that, liS ShO~.1 inthe documentation presented to the Administrat.~on, our concluRion was base<'l Ch areview of 20 randomly selected project files, for which negative or very guardedopinions were issued by the Technical Advisory DI~ision and of which 11 wereapproved without regard for the Division's judgement. since the Action Committeewas established at the end of 1986, it was not poss!~le to review projects ~hat hadgone through the Committee. We also examined the files of 10 projects that we hadreviewed in the field and observed that, for three of them, the opinion of theDivision was not available.
Project mouitoring by UNDP field officeR
99. We noted the following weaknesses in project monitoring: regularity waslacking, reporting was delayed, and review and evaluations were not always carriedout. As a consequence, the co-ordination and exchange of information between thevarious bodies involved are deficient, the rescheduling of projects and rcphaE"n1of budgets are not satisfactory or t~ke place very late, an~ other correctiveaction, such as discontinuing the financing of projects with poor performancerecords, is not taken. This is particularly true of projects that go on for manyyears, they are never completed or evaluated, which is a way of concealing th~ir
failure. In fact, field offices very rarely remind executing ftgencies that thpyhave to follow UNDP procedures and provide UNDP with periodic reports orstatements. with regard to the monitoring of project equipment in particular, weobserved that, as a general rule, year-end inventories did not exist, th~t
execut ing agencies very setrJom provided field offices wi th Auch inventor iea anr~
that field offices very rarely insisted on receiving them. In fact, n~ proceoureRare followed in field offices to ensure proper contre I and monitoring of projec~
equipment, partly becauFle precise guidelines on the subject have not yet br-endeveloped by headquarters. As a consequence, the precise nature, quar-tity lllld
value of equ ipment are unknown, transfer of equipment is not proper ly documl~nte(11
and discrepancies exist between the expenditures related to th" equipment componentof the project budget and those related to equipment transferred to the Governme~t,
even after customs and transport costs have been taken into account.
100. The Administration commented 110 follows:
"UNDP's own evaluations show that thert! are weaknesses in timely reportinq.However, strengthened procedures on moni tor ing and eflr ly ident if iCIl tion of theneed for corrective action are expected to have considerabh' impact on I:heimproved management of projects IInd programmes. The role of the execlIt inqagenc ies and the ir i mplementa t ion respcnsibi 11 ties are a Iso ifHluelJ lI'1derreview through a ser tes of structured meet ings between UNDP and the I\genc ier'.Furthermore, programmes now include courses in these areaS. We accept thatfurther improvements are needed in the area of inventory control and theAdministraHon intends to give priority to revising the present system."
··58-IXCIIIIVI GUTT." IINDINO
Agency execution
101. As mentioned above, executing agencies do not always comply with UNDPrequirllmt'nts concerning reporting, authorization of expenditures, etc. In"dclition, the supp"" ·,~t they provide is often poorl implementation is slow,ev~n after projects hdvc been approved/ the appointment of experts is delayed/ thequality of 8xpertb JA not always satisfactory/ and despite this, their contracts
. are sometimes extended. Concerning el.juipment and supplies, lncal opportunities arenot alwayll exploitel: tJ bring about the smooth implement.ation of projects.
102. The Administr~tion explainedl
"The issue of agency execution and technical hackstopping of the Field Officeprojects operations has been receiving UNDP's constant attention. During thelast review meeting with the Executing Agencies held in April/May this y~ar
through a mission led by the Associate Administrator, this matter wasrepeatedly emphasised. From this consultativ~ process, the Administratorbelieves that tangible improvements in the performance of the F.xocutingAgencies in the backstopping of Field Office project operations will beachieved."
Role of Governments in project implementatio~
103. (a) C.oVf·rnments generally take a long time in accepting proposed experts andin appointing national counterparts, which means that thd latter do not benefittroln the exper ience and guidence of experts, who have to work alone for months. AsIt general rule, a number of counterparts mentioned in tht, project documents werenot fielded.
(b) The transfer of completed projects to the recipients dots not work out<Jatlsr·,ctorily because of insufficient training of national technicians,unavailability of imported spare parts and other supplien, and lack of financialuelf-sufficiency.
'rhe Administration Cf)ncur red in our obnervat ions and explained that several factorsaffectir,g implementation were being dealt with at var ious levels, in particular bya specific working group of t',e Governing Council and the Council itBelf.
104. Governments i1re expected to rely on their OW.l administrative and technicalservices for the execution of gOI·· 'nment-executed projects. 'iet it appeared that,in many casea, they were relying ' .. 1 the field office itl~elf, and consequently,government execution was gradually being replaced liy UNDP execution. Government(If fie! als certify (sign) the financial statements prepared by the f iaid off ice.Wllen lJovernment services 'llonitor project. budgets and prHpare financial statementB,many discrepal,cies and pro~lems arise. Neither the quarterly finllnclal statementsnor the year--end certified statements are sent to the field office on 1I regularbasis. As a consequence, a significant share of the expenditure relating to apart.i.cular year is not. accounl'.ld far in statement 1, but posted to accountsreceivable. As for the required audited statements, they are V6ry seldom provided(see paras. 32 and 33 above). The Administration explained that, in the context ofincreaning government execution, it was anticipated that familiarity with
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procedures and policies would result in improved axecution. However, it noted thatdifficulties and bottlenecks peisisted. There is a risk that the emphasis ongovernment execution will aggravate these shortcomings, even though residentrepresentatives have been instructed to undertake a thorough assessment of thesituation before recommending government execution. However, UNOP is "committed tothis modality of project execution". It does not deny that deficiencies exist, andit lntonds "to take whatever steps are necessary to remedy these defects".
Add-on funds
105. Add-on funds are programme resources, but they can be used to coveradministrative costs of Governments or field offices (Governing Councildecision 82/8). Even though the concept of additional administrative costsincurred by Governments is not quite clear, we do not think that add-on funds canbe used l,) finance such items as vehic!.es, as we observed. We noted that whUe theamount of add-on funds intended to defray the administrative cu~ts of field officeswas still ~JW ($92,307), the emphasis on government execution would push it up. Asa matter of fact, a proposal to utilize a rart of the add-on funds to finance thestrengtheninq, at headquarters, of the accounting process relating togovernment-executed projects is under review and will be submitted to the GoverningCouncil.
106. As noted in paragraphs 78 and 81 above, we are concerned about the number ofcumbersome financial schemes that have been put in place to supplement theadministrative budget with programme resources. We definitely think that thistrend, if it co..Hnues, will make it increasingly difficult for all concerned,inclUding UNOP management, to monitor the allocation of resources and to understandthe meaning of the financial statements and that it will intro~uce biases tn thedecision-making process. Therefore, in view of the general commitment togovernment execution, we are of the opinion that the administrative costs derivingfrom that modality, whether incurred in the field or at headquarters, should beincluded i~ the biennial budget. Furthermore, we think that the other schemes thatwe have mentioned should ~~ reviewed with a view to simplifying and clarifying therepresentation of financial flows in the financial statements.
107. The Administration commented as followsl
"The Administrator reported to the Governing Council in June 1987 on thesubject of government execution, inclUding the use of add-on funds. Followingits review of this matter the Council agreed that additional funds be providedfrom support costs to strengthen at UNDP Headquarters the accounting processrelating to Government-executed projects as mentioned by the auditors. TheCouncil also requested the Administrator to report at its thirty-fifth sessionin 1988 on the evaluation stuc~' which will make a comprehensive assessment ofthe impact and cost effectiveness of Government-executed projects, includingthe long-term financing of the administrative costa associated with thismodd1ity. The Administration will certainly take into account in the courseof that study the points raised by the auditors in their report."
'!'he Administration also remarked that "regarding the comment by the Auditors thatadd-on funds may not be seen to buy such items as vehicles, there is no suchrestriction in Governing Council decision 82/8".
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~lectronic data-processing
Overall electronic data-processing policy and strategy
108. Even though electronic dat.a-processing has been a priority for some years interms of both bUdget and staff allocation, it proved very time-consuminq for theDivision of Management Information Services (DMIS), which implements the policy,the Budget Section and the auditors to produce comprehensive figures for the costsinvolved. It appears that there is no appraisal or monitoring of tile overall costof the else tronic data-process ing function wi th in UNDP. Nevertheless, we agreedwith the Administration on the following figures, whch show a sharp rise inelectronic data-processing expenditures for core and non-core activities.
Electronic data-processing budget~
Actual eXDenditures Estimates
(Thousands of United States dollars)
4 551 8 427
~
6 090
.!2!16 570
1988
8 456
1989
8 227
* Including budgetary expenditures for core activities, extrabudgetaryexpenditures, and all electronic data-processing expenditures related tonon-core activities.
This trend was not forecast and t.he total of actual expenditures (staff costsexcluded) overran the appropriation estimatGs by $2,'132,000 in 1985 and by '373,000in 1986. Budget fleXibility has been widely used co redeploy funds in accordancewith thd major decisions taken after the budget had been approvvd.
109. The Administration's reply to the above observation was as follows:
(1) "In 1984/1985 DMI5 management found itself faced with the dilemma of:major systems which were increasingly more expensive to maintain ~nd enhance,increasing end user demands for more an~lytical/decision oriented information,and, very strong requests from the field offices for microcomputors. Torespond to these needs without significantly increasing the MI5 budget UNDPmanagement decided to invest in microcomputers and fourth generationtechnologies which would allow fOl technical ploductivity gains and improvedend user access to inf.ormation.
(2) "The expenditures for core and non-core activities to which the auditorsreferred related only to those line objects, requested by the auditors: 340All contract related expenditures, 620 - All equip'lenl purchases, and 710 Use of UN computer facilities. The total MI5 expenditures for core andnon-core activities however are as follows:
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MIS Expendituresl($ in thout.;\nds)
People relatedEquipment relatedN,{C~/ICC related
Total
Total excluding microcomputers
1984/85 1986/87 1988/119
$ 8 012.1 $ 8 054.2 $ 9 827.25 156.2 3 775.8 6 225.11 360.8 1 796.4 1 509.1
$14 529.1 $13 626.4 $17 561.4
$10 701.1 $11 307.7 $13 830.8
(3) "Total MIS expenditures for 1988/89 are forecast to increasb byapproximately $3 million er 21% over the period 1984/85, the increase beingprim/lrily as a result of inflation. UNDP would therefore consider that thf!MIS budget viewed in this light does not reflect a 'sharp rise', rather,considering the expansion in function, effective management of this resource.It should also be noted that excluding the expenditures for microcomputersUNDP underspent the MIS appropriation estimate in both 1984/85 and 1986/87 by$1.1 million and $.5 million respectively.
(4) "UNDP management does not agree with the concern expressed by theauditors that tit appears that there is no appraisal or monitoring of theoverall cost of the EDP function within UNDP'. The overall MIS costs nrereviewed at a minimum on an annual basis by senior management as part of thebudget setting exercise and an advisory group which meets on average 5 timesper year reviews the overall MIS fur ~tion. In addition, cl'lring the Pllst yearDMIS management has estllblished a comprehensive expenditu.e trackin') andforecasting system to monitor and manage the MIS budget, which was reviewedwith the auditors.
!5) "'fhe per ioo 1980 cc '1';W has witnf'ssed signi ficant changes in the scope ofwork associated with th~ ELP functi0n as a result of drhmatic changes inavailable technologies and t.heir associated costs. These changes, which areout lined below, have substant ially af fected UNDP' s approach to informat ionmanag"mentl
"(a) the EDP environment has expanded to incorporate office automation(word processing, electronic mail, records management) and communications andis now generally ~efer(ed to as management information services rather thanjust EDP;
"(b) the cost performance ratio of hdrdwar& has steadily declln~d formainframes and the cost for microcomputers has declined quite dramatic,,11y lastandard microcomputer configuration in January 1985 cost $ll, 500, inSeptember 1985 $4,500 <.lnd today $3,000) while the cost of human resourcescontinues to grOWl and
"I<:) the availability of f ''Jrth generation technalo<Jies which resLllt inincreased technical productivity (the EDP experts estimate that traditiondlprogramming development using third generation technologies is 3 to 10 timesslower than with fourth generation technologies), more flexible databa~e
design ,lnd more possibilities for direct end user involvement with the systems
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thus reducing the demand for costly data proccessing professionals to respondto ad hoc reporting requirements. These tools also allow for prototyping ofay Items as part of the design/development phase which is particular 1.yeftective for decision oriented/analytical type systems, i.e., end-users donot need to define all their needs prior to commencing development work andcan tryout ideas without a heavy up front investment COAt.
(6) "These dramatic changes have made forecasting for MIS two years inadvance of tal.ing action very difficult. UNDP has therefore established abase budget for MIS, and where it has been found necessAry for more efficientand effective information management, bud~et flexibility has been exercised toredeploy funds. In recent years this has meant that UNDP has been able totake advr~tage of the microcomputer technologies in 109 out of 112 fieldoffices whi19 staying within the overall approved budget."
110. Regarding the Administration's reply, we wish to point out that as noted abovein ,.aragraph 106 above, actual and estimated electronic data-processingexpenditures were worked out with the Administration for the purpose of computingthe totality of electronic data-processing costs. One of the reasons that itproved difficult to obtain a comprehensive picture (the table in paragraph 109 (2)above was the third one su~plied to us) was that the "expenditure tracking andforecasting system" referred to in paragraph 109 (4) does not yet cover allcatsgorip.s of electronic data-processing expenditures.
111. The following major policy decisions con~erning electronic data-processin)were founded through extensive redeployment of bUdget funds: microcomputers werepurchased on a large scale in 1985, new hardware and software devices werepurchased in 1986 to el,hance the mainframe system, contracting of systemdevelopment services to install and use these new electronic data-processing toolsincreased sharply in 1987 and is expected to continue tncreasing during theforthcoming biennium, the transfer of all applications from the New York ComputingService to UNDP is expected to be completed in 1989, and in 1989 and 1989, theDivision of Management Information Servtces plans to purchase additionalmicrocomputers since the present minimum of two machines does net ~ully meet therequirements of any of the tield offices. In fact, all these aecisions were takenwithout a clear strategic view of the place an1 role of electronic data-processingwithin UNDP in the future. They are suppobed to be linked to the eventualcreation, first envisaged in 1979, of a unified integrated data base incorporatingmostly financial data that will be entirely housed at UNDP. The responsibility foroverall gUldance was vested in the Management ~dvisory Group on Information Systemswhich was formed to provide advice on priorities and allocation of resources amongprojects. In practice, this Group operates on a project-by-project basis, exhibitslittle evidence of prloritization and rubb~c-Btamps the presentation made to it bythe Divigion of Management Information Services. The Administration explainpd that"policies and procedures fo. governing the co-ordination of information systems",which include the role and composition of the Group, were being reviewed by theGroup and that the issues of resource allocation, priority-setting and userinvolvement would be addressed. It is difficult to foresee how the Group will becapable of reviewing its own mandate and changing its attitude without furtherdirection from senior man, .~ment, especially since the Group's composition andoperation make it too dependent on the Division of Finance and do not allow forsufficient involvement of other users at the management level. The ~dministlation
r.onsiders that significant improvemer .. s have been made on this last point in the
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past year. However, in view of tha key role of end-users workinQ on programmes an~
projects, we still think that they aeu far from heing sufficiently involved.
U2. The Administration's reply to the above observation ~Ias a"l follows~
(1) "In 1978, UNDP establ t "h':lO under the Integrated Systpms ImprovementProject. (ISIP), an overall st,:ategy for the development of j nformationsystems. During the period 19'78·1993 the ISIP actlvities wen reviewe.1 by theManagement policy Group (MrG) which was chaired by the AssociateAdministrator. In 1984, with the evolution of UNDP syst~mG ctevelopmentactivities from one of initiating new sy~tems to mainly one of maintaining andenhancing existing systems, the MPG eVQlved into the M~nagement Advi~ory Groupfor Information Syst&m3 (MAGIS), ~n advinory body responsible for establi8hingMIS policies and sett ing pr icr i ties on an annllal buis. MAGIS is now cha iredby the oeputy Assistant Admir.istrator for F.inar.ce and Administratiol.. Overthe past two years it has been apparent to MAGIS members and t>MIS managementthat there is a nsed to alter the role and composition of MAGIS l~ light ofthe expansion of the MIS act.lvities. Initial ch~nges were made in themembership of the group early in 1'>86, to expand tht! representation l:,'om theregional bureaux and eliminate any conflict of interest for the chairperson.Concerns have however continu~d arid, as a res~lt of ~iscussions with UNDPsenior management, MAGIS, in conjunction with DMtS, has developed proposalsfor change, which include furtn"r expansion of the membership to include theDivision of Personnel and the rivislon for Administrative and ManagementServices, and increased circuldtion of documentation within UNDP to ensuregreater user awareness and involvement.
(2) "Since 1985 MAGIS has me' on average 5 times per Ydar on an as requiredbasis for the purpose of: 1) reviewing and approving the DMIS work plansl and2) reviewing and approving all major policy and project proposals such liS
field office computerisation, a,.quisition Qf I> !lew database man.-qement tool,etc. In addition, OMIS work plans are developed in conjunction with majorclient groups and represent an agrt'ement w!.th the end-users as to theirpriorities. While we believe that this process is still open to improvement,in parti~ular with t~e ne~ focus on field office computerisation, we do notagree that the process described above merits the description provided by theexternal auditors.
(3) "When ISIP was establiRhed UNOI? agreed to an overall strategy forinformation systems development th~t would result in integrated systems tosupport both the operational/control and analytical/decision orientedactivities of UNOP. This decision related not only to financial data, but alldata for project and proqramme m'Snagement, financial manaqeme"t £\nd humanresources management. It was not envisioned at that time that ""OP wouldbr lng all systems in-hollse, this aecislon was made in 1985 w!,on the riecisionson fourth generation technoloqies were taken. Since then and to takeadvantage of the r~pid changes in technology, UNOP has expanded the strategyto include the provision of microcomp'Jters, which allow for increasedefficiency and effectiveness of UNOP staff 11\f".nbers. tn lighl:. of ongoingchanges in techllology OMIS has .;,roposed that t.ne MIS strateqieR flhould bereviewed and this is currently underway. 'l'hus, we dispute the audh."rs'statement that major changes have bf'EHl proposed and decisions taken 'without aclear strategic view of the place and role of EDP within UNOP in the future'.
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In fAct, these decIsions have been taken with a cle~[ :~nse that they willABRist ,n improving the overall management."
lU. with rt,srect to Hit" ab0v,-, comments by the Administration, we wish to quote thefollowing sentences from thil "Summary of 1987 rlperating plan", a document issued b}the Division of Man~qement tnformation Services in February 19871
"At the start of 1966, an in-depth organization review was undertaken in DMISto assess how the Division could best respond to the chAllenge of newactiv1t.ie!l while lIlso reepondl[)g to the users' immediate needs, and livingwithin the constraints of current resources. F'rom this review, it wasrecognized that the lack of a long-lerm strategic plan for managementinformation services was a major bottldneck in the Division's attempt torespond to user demands and a significant source of frustration within theDivision."
Although we hllve noted that a new impetus has been given to electronicd~ta-processing activities, we reiterate that the lack of a strategic plan is Btill"a major bottleneck".
projt,~t costing and management
114. The decisions concerning the major change" mentioned above appear notte have be"n based on any meaningful costing. The costs of rewriting old computerprogrdmrnes Ilnd cleveloping new ones required to take advantage or the newenvironment resulting from the implementation of the new systems have not beenquantified in the submissions made to the Management Advisory Group on InformationSystems and the Contracts Committee. Nor have the effects of each decision on theoverall computing environment been assessed (such as the requirement for newstol'/lge CIlPllcity 1'esulting from the creation of a unified data base and thefinancial interrelation of the various decisions). Furthermore, staff costs are.outinely omitted from cost ~alculations. The Administration considers that"over"U plans have beAn developed on the basis of existing rltlJources (bott> • andpeople)" and asaumes that it "will live within allocaled resources" and tha~
"timetables will he entabUshed on the basis of no cost overruns". The managementbungetir,g of the niVlsion of Management Information Services Is b... sfld on thepr Inciple that ongoing projects can be aCl,)mmodated within the annual operatinC!~llocation, once they have h~en launched, rather than on budgets controlled on aproi(!(:t-hy-prr)j~ct basis. As the total project has been neither cOBted norsubjectc"l to a timetab:e, it is impofll!ible to pinpoint. cost overrullr:. Hence, rmlya mna 11 pal t of the actual cost of the projects has been officially approved andthf' <!ncinlons ale tal(en on an incHvidl1al basis and ne'/er seen qlobally as a majorcmnmitment. In the submission to the Contracts Committee, the costs of newsoftware (~evice'l and of enlarging all electronic data-processing capacity amount to$702,000. No ~ost/benefit analysip wns provided when the decision was taken. Ourminimum estimates of the total costs involved, including those related toinBlall~tlon ann introduction of purchased software, are 10 times highftr. TheAdminintration (~xplained that it could not comment on our estimates (one year afterthl' decinlon) beC"UAf' t.he overall specifications for an integrated financial systemllill~ !lOt. hl'l'n clevI'lope<1 to an extent. that. wou In allow the cost ing of those~c tivi ti ""1.
11<;. '\'he I\rlminiatralion's reply to tile above observation was aa follows;
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(1) MThe decisions made in 19U5/U6 which resulted in maior chanQes in the MI6environment are as follows:
M(a) The acquisition 02 a fourth aeneration database n'llnaQement tocl(IOMS/R) and associated application development tools.
M/b) The acquisition of a decision support tool (~vstem W) Which wouldprovide considerable flexibility to end-users who are carrvinQ out 'what if'analysis or aoal seekina activities.
"(c) The decision to consolidate. where reasonable. all systemsdevelopment in one data processinQ facility i.e. to expand the in-housecomputinQ facility and miQrate all svste~s from the NYCS.
(2) MEach of the acquisition decisions was taken after a 3 to 6 monthintensive review of the oraanisation's needs, the capabilities of the productsand 11 full analvsis of COBts and benefits. These studies were carried outwith the assistance of reputable consultinQ firms. Touche ROBS in the case ofSystem W and SR~ Network Inc. in the CAse of IDMS/R. In addition. the WorldBank which had recently completed a similar r~view loaned 2 staff members tothe database proiect. Benefits. Which related to all on-QoinQ MIS costs notpurelY those for the initial investmer;t. w~re estimated on the basis ofsavinQs to be achieved as existinQ Bvstems Which had reached the end of theirnatural life cycle ~ere rewritten usinQ the new tools i.e. the savinQs fromcurrGnt and expected coeta to: maintaininQ and enhancina these systems. Theseproposals were reviewed and approved by MAGIS and the documentation providedto MAGIS contained a full review of casts and benetits.
(3) MUNDP manaQement aarees With the auditors that thft new software devicesar~ the additional capacity for the UNDP computtnq centre acquired at the endof 1985 cost '.702 million. However, we do not understand the aUditor'sestimate at the total co~t~ inVolved. includinQ those related to installationand implementation at the pur"'hased software. The 10MS/R and System Wsoftware and related application tools have been purchased to replaoe existinathird aeneration tools Euch as I~QUIRE. (a database manaaement tool) andC080L. MARK IV and CICS (appl~cation development tools) which were the basisfor the ,.xistina svstems. Tile costs r('lated to this software will thereforebe the total at the costs associated with all sVstems developed usina thesetools durlnq the lifetime at these tools which we would expect at a minlmum tobe the next 5 vears. As explained on aeveral occasions to the auditors. thecoats at development activities usina the new software must be reviewed inrelation to the costs at maintatnina and enhancinq existtna systems over thenext 5 tal Years. These coats will be considerablY more than 10 timelil thecosts 01' acquirina th.e sottware tools. however. they will. as indicated in thedecision d(~ument8. result in savinas from existlna costs due to reducedmainte~ance and increased technlcal productivity, thus more than iustifvinatheir acqui3ition.
(4) "In adoition, all already indicated to tile auditors, it is irrelevant thatthe overall specifications tor the inteqrated financial svstems have still notbeen sPllr.1tied more than one Year atter the decision to acquire IDMS/R as t.heinteqrated financIal systems are not the first activity beina undertaken usinQIDMS/R. Work ia fo~ec3st to commence on this proiect later this vear."
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116. Concerning proj eet manage,,,,,nt, there is a consil'ltp.nt lack of timetableplanning at the technical level for projects that are in proqress. This makes itimpossible correctly to evaluate, control and monitor the costs and timetable ofdevE>lopment and installation. With no detailed planning, it is impossible to holdanyone accountable fo~ late results and consequent budget overruns. LittledetaileJ project management documentation for either of the large microcomputer.softwar~ projects is available. These projects are described as behind schedule.However, owing to the lack of proper management documentation, it is impossible toestimate the lateness or pinpoint the causes. There is also a lack of plannir~ inthe rewriting of existing proqrammes. Meanwhile, computing opPrations are beingmoved to the building at I United Nations Plaza to run on a computer that has notyet heen chosen or approved. The process of rewriting has started, hut no plansarp available that show the complex interdependencies of the numerous tasksinvolved. The consequences of delay i~ anyone part could affect the wholeproject. The Administration agreed that "detailed project management plans werp.not ideal" but stressed that that area was" identified as a major one for internalmanagement improvement". A revised management process for ~ll projects will beimplemented by the end of 1987. In addition, each staff member of the Division ofManagement Information Services will be given specific objectives for the year, forwhose ac:iiievement he or she will be held" 'countable.
117. The Administration commented as follows:
"Our ing the past year DMIS management has ident if ied spec ific areas of concernrelated to project management and control which were shared with the auditors,and has prepared plans to address these concerns in 1987. These plans includethe implementation of a chargeback process, the development and implementationof a project management process that fully incorporates the client'sactivities, the implementation of a revised quality assurance process, and theimplementation of a management by objectives review process for all DMISstaff. Despite the concerns related to project management we cannot agreewith the auditor's claim that there is 'a lack of planning in the rewriting ofexisting programmes' or that 'no plans are available to show the complexinterdependencies of the numerous tasks involved.' DMIS management agreesthat the project management process is less than perfect, however, we don'tfeel it warrants the descrip"ion r-rovided by the auditors. Project plans,including timetables, exist for all system development projects and DMIR hasprioritised the schedule of maintenance activities with each of the users."
Technical and staffing problems
110. Concerning technical problems, programmes, particularly those formicrocomputers do not make use of modern computer languages and techniques. Whilethe management of the Division of Management Information Services does not agreewith our conclusion that using OOBOL was not the right decision and wlll continueusing it, the result is that poor-quality progr .....lil.es have been written for use bythe field offices. For instance, the field office programme management package mayneed drastic improvement. Most commercial software packages cur-~~tly available onthe market make use of more modern and efficient programming lany .ges. Thus, thefact that the Division has established itself as an internal software publisherrepresents a major riSk in the ~aste of budget resources because of the level ofcompetence of many staff members.
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119. The Administration's reply to th~ above observation was as follows;
(1) "UNDP Management bel ieves that the field office accounting software is aparticularly valuable and l ser friendly addition to UNDP's systems and wewould welcome an independent review ot the system, the p~ogramming languageuRed and its validity both at the time that the oevelopment activi~ies wereinitiated and today. Progra~~ing tools for microcomputers are changing asrapidly as the hardware, this does not mean, however, that programmes are of apoor quali ty simply becaUSe tbey were developed in C')BOL and not mOl'e recentsoftware. Any review of the current press on this subject will also indici'lteth~re is a continuing debate on the strengths of COBOL versus newer languagessuch as 'C'. UNDP feels comfortable that the field office aecountbg softwaremore than meets modern standardS and more importantly is a good qualityproduct that responds to the needs of the field offices.
(2) "In the context in which they are given it is assumed that the auditors'comme,ts ~efer specifically to the development of the microcomputer softwarefor the field offices. DMIS 81rees that there are many good arguments fordt.lleloping microcomputer softwllre using outside developers, although DMIS'limited experience to date has been that it is often r trern~ly costly tomaintain and enhance this software as the technical tt.ans of development firmschange rapi.dly. The auditors were advised that DMIS is investigating thepossibi lity of having f i", 1,' off ices develop software for the UNDP system usinglocal consulting firms and that a staff member was in fact ~ngaged in a studyof these possibilities at the time of the audit. DMIS management wouJCltherefore not agree that we have established our.selves as the only softwaredevelo~:,er for UNDP.
(3) "Ill re';lard to the competence level of DMIS staff we believe that they "rewell qualified for the tasks they were hired to do. Where we have moved intotAsks using new software tools we have established the necessary training andcomplemented their skills through the use of contract pers~nnel with workingexperience in the new tools.
(4) "In regar<:l to the issue of contracting out programming as proposed by theauditors, i.e. the concept of having software development firms agree to fixedprice development of systems once the users have fully established thespecifications for these syste~s, we believe that ther.e is a considerable lackof understanding of the requirements of this type of activity on the part ofthe auditors. User specifications are always used within UNDP for thecosting, planning and development of applications. However, it has been DMIS I
experience in the past ten years that these specifications have a tendency tochange which would result in extremely co&tly rewrites if handled by asoftwan! development firm. Discussiolls on this topic with other UnitedNations colleagues indicates general agreement with our conclusion. Inaddition, experience has indicated that the current policy of using perm<lnentstaff and hiring independent contract personnel as required is morecost-effective than using consulting firms."
120. The security ,_ the UN"£' computer centre in the building at 1 United NationsPlaza appears t" f-., very poor. There are inadequate fire detection andextingui:.;hing systems, a fact acknowledged by the Administration. Storage ofbark-up copies of files and programme tapes is unsatisfactory. The result is thati\ minor incident could result in losses of data which could take months to
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recreate. We were told that the installation of a security software package hadbeen bUdgeted for 1987. No arrangements exist for the use of a back-up machine incase of emergency. In addition, there is a lack of electronic security and controlto reduce the risk of fraud or the disclosure of confidential information. In thepresent situation, moving applications from the New York Computing Service in theSecretariat building to the building at 1 United Nations Plaza will result in amajor decrease in the security of the UNDP operations.
121. The Administration commented as follows:
"While agreeing that security for the UNDP computer centre requires someimprovement we disagree with the auditor's contention that it is 'very poor'.Security can always be improved, however, it also has to be considered interms of costs and benefits, specifically:
"Ca) in regard to fire detection and extinguishing systems, as indicatedto the aUditors, there are some deficiencies during the times that thecomputer room is not staffed by computer operators i.e, when the computer isnot running. These are being addressed by UNDP and the building management~
"Cb) we are puzzled by the statement that 'a minor incident could resultin losses of data which would take months to recreate.' Back-up copies of alldata are taken on a weekly basis and stored off-site in a fire proof safe, anda second generation of data is kept on-site in a fire proof sa~e, therefore ata maximum we would need to recreate data for one week only~
" (c) the issue of a back-up machine to be used in case of emergency wasalready being addressed by management at the time of the audit and a proposedsolution is being reviewed by DMIS management~ and
"(d) we believe that the current facilities available for protection ofthe in-house systems if properly used in applications ensure that there isminimal danger of fraud or disclosure. In addition, the identical securitysoftware available at the NYCS is scheduled to be installed in-house with themove of applications from NYCS."
122. The staff of the Division of Management Information Services is essentiallycomposed of specialists who are not required to rotate between field offices andheadquarters. While this avoids the posting of senior programmers overseas, itleads to "lifetime" employment in one 'department in a discipline in whichinteraction with users supplies many of ,the new ideas needed to promote programmedevelopment. The Administration agreed and said that it was developing "a policyfor the appointment and promotion of specialist staff which will deal with thisissue". However, there are still no clear plans for changing staff policy. Thetraining of staff appears to be of a technical nature and does not relate to thenew requirements of management training. Little consideration is given to thepossibility of contracting out programming even though external sources may welloffer better opportunities for cost monitoring and project timetable control. TheAdministration thinks that "the contracting outside of programming requires that avery clear set, of user specifications are available" and that "it is for the mostpart a more costly method of developing systems". This would appear to imply thatuser specifications are not currently used in the costing or planning of programmedevelopment. Moreover, comparisons'~ithoutside costs would help theAdministration to make the best use of its resources. In order to satisfy the
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requirements for new skills that permanent and older staff (1'1 total of 49 pf'oplf')do not have and to create the additional pro'1rammlnq re&ources needed for itAambitious development projects, the Division of Management Information I'ervicflll InmakinlJ continued U!le of temporary staff such aB regular consultant" anr! COl)fllllt.llntflhired for up to five years under special management services contractB. 1'hlflpractice amounts to a 40 per cent increa8e in real staffing. The result iA thatthe costs of these contracts are charged to the "Sylltem development contracts"dccount, doubling the budgeted charge for this object code betwe~n 1986 Jnri 1989.
123. The Admini~tration's reply to the above observ~L:~n was liB rollowA:
(1) "Our inq the past year management has i,lent if ie,1 a 'llunber of k,'y iSIlUNl inreqarn to Rtaffing which were reviewed with the external aunitOt'fl. In flllnllillHYtht!sp. wpre:
"(a) thc staffing policy of UNDP all whole which assumes a 'liff'l ime'care~r in UNDP is not particularly appropriate for technical speciallstR inMIS, (thp. standard norm in the industry for a s')ecialist function of thisnatllre is one of between 20 to JO per cllnt t.urnover per y(~ar)1 nll,l
"(b) in previOlIA years [1MIS mnnllg, "(''1t h<1s focused the training plilnpr imar ily on techn ical act iv i ties. 'rhis has been founrl to be r(lstr icU ve 101terms of developing more broadly based portlonnel.
(2) "Actiun plans h<lve been established to address hoth issues and work iscurrently under way on both the dev91opmpnl: of a policy for the appointml!ntand promotion of opecialist staff and the development of a broad( r hafledtrdinil.g plan.
(l) "As previously indicated the UNDP policy for tltaffing the MIS functioncomhines permanent ~taff (who will have a knowledge and understanding of theor']anl.zation and the corporate memory in regard to existinq systems) withcontract personnel who have strong technical skills. Th19 policy has been inplace since 1980/81 and appears for the most part to respond to UNDP's needoin terms of flexibility. Thio has meant that since 19H4/8~ DMIR st.affing hasheen on the basis of approximately 65 per cent. pfJfmanent [lasts and thl'! ha lancein contract personnel.
(4) "In ttw past year, DMI1; management has identified the followingdifficulties:
10 (a) tile perception of staff on fi)(~!Cj term contract.s t.hat the Rhort-termcontract personnpl who wen! often .. equirecl for periorlfl lorl<j,'r t:han 1.2 m'lnl.hsreceiver! compennation that fGr excollded thelrSl
"(b) ,wRi'lnlng contract staff to new development only (i .e. (ll"oject.[('lated ilctivitieo) rather thiln ongoing mainLenance ilnd "nhancement activitipArcoll Lt.s in !.pvpre lOOt. ivat ional prohlemB on the part of f!xerl-turm/!"'rlTlillwntfltaff mf'mllf>rsl and
"(c) it: douon't mak", '.10(x] lI1an,l'lPlllent Buon!.' to <.:h<1n'1" rpr~Hllln"l. pr ior topro'if'''l: completion.
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('11 "In rf1flpOnf1~ to these :~oncerno we have estllbliAhed a Special ManagementSl!r.vicNl Contract (SMSC) which provicles DMl!> with ti,e necessary flexibi litytn manage system clevelopment effectively while responding to staff concernsIIncl also 1.I11owing UNDP the flexibility to increase or cut back on MlRactivities as and when appropriate.
(h) "In regard to the budgeted charge for contract personnel, which isdldrqp.,l to Aystems development contracts, it should be noted that the totalcmJts for 19114-119 averagecl over 6 years resul!:s in an annual. charge of$1,414.7. 'I'he trend in this expenditure over the period 1984 to 1989 ill asfollows and annu".l variations reprf!sent increilBes clue to inflation, naturallwin<)s in implem(",i:/ltion cycles ancl increased demancls for office automation
,111!· microcomputer support:
1984 1985 1986 1987
$ (thousands) 1 104.4 1 234.2 937.3 1 422.1 1 829.5 1 960.5
'I'll ... targeted inC"reaae in spencling during the per iod 1987-89 reflects:
"(/I) the neecl to rewrite major applications (such as the Programme andProject Mdnagemcnt System (PPM5), and the General Ledger and FinancIalReporting SYfltem (GLFR5» as they have long passed the normal 5-7 year lifecycle mark and are lncreasingly more difficult and more costly to maintain andenhance I
"( b) the elevelop'llent of new software packages for inventory a:ld personnelto ilflfdst the field offices in more effective mnnagement and to tie all fieldoffice Into those at Headquarter~1
"(c) expansion of the lIupport for non-cor.~ activities to include supportfor 1JNU'I~M ~nel the expaneled OPE activitiesl
"(cl) the lIeed to focus on strategic information management in particularas it relates to the Resielent Co-ordinator function, anel
"(e) the expa'l~.ion of MIS activities to cover office automation and,,It'('tronic rl,lta t.r'lllflfol'.
(7) "In t~· past fl~ven yoars the workload undertaken against the MI5 budgethllS bolh changed and increased dramatically moving from one of primarilyaPF lication d(!velopment and limited maintenance to a signi ficantly enhancedrole that oncompassvs maintenance and enhancement of 15 major applicationR,IWW (h.'velopment for fielel ofticf.' automation and, support for office automationanel miccocomputer activities in 112 field offices and all headquartorsdivisions. Contract personnel provide management with the flexibility toincreafle or reduce ~ItS activities as necesoary, anel while we would agree thecnotfl ilre forecant to elouble between 1986 and 1989, the costs in 1986 droppeelsignificantly lrom tbose of 1984 and 19115. We would again reiterate that DMIShad olnnumed ff>sponniblllty for an increased workloael, without " major increasein ov,·!rall MIS expfmditures."
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Conclusion
124. There is a distinct POssibilitv t~at the upqr~~ioQ of UNDP capacities in thetield ot electronic data processioQ may not be implemented in time and mav provemuch more costlv than currently envisaQed. Moreover. the potential benefits offull uue of theee powerful new tools mav be lost.
125. The Administration did not aQrve wi~h that conclusion and otated that "theseare statements of opinion which we do not find the audita s have sUbstanti~ted".
Cases of fraUd or presumPtiv~~
126. The Board was informed of 10 cases of fraud. Three cases concerned irreQularmedical claims, wh~ch were detected betore paymp.nt. Appropriate disciplinaryaction was taken. Another staft member had fraudulently used the frankinQmachin",. He Will! summarilv dismissed and the amount in'/olved ($160\ was recovered.Pour cases related to misappropriations ot cheques totAllinQ $11.6051 $1.99~ hasbeen recovered and the remaininQ $9.613 is beinq recovfired. Appropriatedisciplinarv action has been taken or is under review. Some cases ale stillpendinQ in local courts. The last two case!! concerned a forqed order ot paymenttor $51.000, which has since been recovered trom the bank. and a fraudulent banktransfer request ot $28.750. honoured by the bank. which is beinQ held responsibleand from which orocedures to recover the amount are in proqress. TheinvestiQations were inconclusive concerninQ the perpetrators.
127. In 1986, 49 caSes of presumptive fraUd. 20 relatinQ to education qrants and 29to income tax reimbursements were handed over by the Internal Audit Division of theUnited Nations for further invsstiQation and possible disciplinary action bV UNDP.Two at them concerned UNPPA statt members. Twenty-six cases were cleared as aresult at satistactory and documented explanations provided by statt members. Tenof the remaininq 23 cases involved ·parated staft members, aqainst whom nodisciplinarv action is practicable. Three of them left prior to the commencementof the investi<1at1on, and their current whereabOuts are unknown to UNDP. Sev/mresiqned durinq the investiqation. and in five cases. UNDP wa3 able to withholdfrom their final entitlements all amounts pendinq final determination of theircases. It i9 expected that $909.92 will never be recovered. To date. no decisionhas been made on the remaininq 13 caseS. UNDP was not informed until April 1987that the Joint Disciplinary Committee of the United Nations Secreteriat would beunable to deal with them owinQ to a heavy work-load and lack of statf. As areSUlt. lJNDP is now flstablishinQ its own ioint disciolinarv committee, which isexpectp.d to be operational by the end of 1987. We think that this situation couldhave been foreseen and that not all steps have been taken to deal with fraud casesin the most expeditious wav.
128. Thp Administration replied:
"Sinre the draft report of the Board was received. ~ll thirteen cases were(lealt with aB follows:
_po
"la) Rducation qrant cases
"Six cases were conclud.d bv m.ans ot tull r.cov.ri•• ot ov.rpayment.from all conc.rn.d staff m.mbers and is.uanc. ot l.tt.r. ot warninq to thr••staff members whose cas•• consi.t.d ot minor intractio~. and is.uanc. otofficial reprimands with cons.qu.nt withholdinq ot annual salary incr.ments tothree staff member~ whose cas•• evid.nc.d more important intractions. On.cafle rel/ltinq to a tormer member is stUl outstandinq and r.cov.rv .ttorts arebeinq made.
"(bl Income tax cases
"All six income tax cases w.r. conclud.d by means ot full r.cov.r i.s otoveruavments from all statf m.mber. and is.uance to th.m ot otticialreprimands with consequent withholdinq ot .nnu.l .,l.ry incr.m.nt•• "
12~. We reviewed the procedur.s of the Division ot P.rsonn.l tor proo.s.inq cl.im.for staff entitlements in ord.r to d.t.rmino wh.thor .v.ry pr.c.ution w•• tak.n toprevent the possibilitv of fr.ud. Our .udit r.v••l.d minor w••kn••••• conc.rninqeducation qrants. depend.ncy allowanc•••nd the r.nt.l .ub.idy .ch.m•• which werementioned to the Administration. Sinc. the b.sic probl.m i. thftt it i. notfeasible, in the cours. of the r.qular proo••sinq ot claims, to ch.ck allinformation SUPPlied by claimants, w. SUqq.st.d that random sample checks should becarried out periodically. Th. Admini.tration did not und.rtak. to impl.m.nt thatrecommendation, but pointed out that a compr.h.lIsiv. audit ot income taxreilnburbements for the tax years 1983 and 1984 was due to be cOOlpl.t.d by the .ndof September 1987.
Housinq operations
130. At its twenty-sixth s.sl'ion. in 1979, the GovernirlQ Council approv.d theestablishment of a fully funded construction loan reserve to help Gov.rnments buildappropriate housinq accommodation for international tield statt. This mechanismhas not worked efficiently, mostlv because recipients have been unable to handlethe administrative orocedures and to m.et the'r tinancial obliqations. The Boar1of Auditors suqQested in its 1 '84 r,port that UNDP tinance construction .s .ninvestment of its own rather than throuqh loans. 18/ Thi8 suqqeation is conaiatentwith decisiorls 82/30 of 18 June 1982 and 86/42 ot27 .June 1986, by which theGoverninQ Council authorized the Administrator to enoaqe in the purchaae andconstruction of housinq. A report issued in Febru.ry 1987 by the Dl.vision torAudit and ManaQement Review confirmed that the construction loan system w.s noteconomical, increased the administrative work-load and did not .ddress eftici.ntlythe housinq oroblem. We suqqested that as a r.sult of the failures of the loansvstem. the whole procedure sllould be terminAted. The Administration repli.d thatit was necessarv to be flexible and not to be restrict~d ~o one modality. Itstressed that Bome Governments would not allow UNDP to invest in real estate intheir countries. We nevertheless think that the loan mod.litv should becomeexceutional.
~/ Official Records of the Gener.l Assemblv, Fortieth Session, Supplement~ IA/40/5/Add.ll, sect. 11. para. 69.
-73-
ut. As at 31 December 1986, the "Housing advances recoverable loclllly" (ARL)Account showed a netted credit balance of $58,000. The gross credit of $1,059,000,offset by a debit balance of Sl,OOl,OOO, derives mainly from rents collected atBome field offices in excess of loan repayments. We think that these funds shouldbe returned to miscellaneous income and that the level of rents should be adjustedaccordingly. The Administration replied that it was aware of the credit amountcurrently in the account and explained:
"The Internal Audit Division, in thetr Management Report on Housing ARLs(dated 7 ~'ebruary 1987), have addressed the entire issue of Field HousingOperations. It is UNDP's intention to consolidate all accounting activitiesrelated to housing at the headquarters level and furthermore address thisentire iS8ue with UNDP's Governing Council."
132. We also observed that, according to the above-mentioned internal audit r~port
on housing operations, the rental subsidy scheme was poorl~' managed by both theDivision for Administrative and Management Services and the Division of Personnel.Steps are being taken to improve the efficiency of the administration of thi~
scheme. On the other hand, we noted that UNDP was one of the few organi7.ationswithin the United Nations common system that fully implemented the rentalsubsidy/deduction scheme, which means that deductionu are actually made whenapplicable. As this scheme was established to ensure a greater degree of equityamong international staff at field offices, we support UNDP's intention to takethis issue again before the Consultative Committee on Administrative Questions.
133. The Adm1niqtration acknowledged that there had been problems in the mAnagementof the rental '>sidy scheme and conunentedl
"Once these were identified in 1985 vigorous steps have been taken to correctthe weaknesses which were identified. The weakness in co-ordination betweenthe Division for Administrative and Management Servic~s (DAMS) and theDivision of Personnel (ooP) to whicl, the UNDP Internal Audit referred in the! raudit of 27 February 1987 has also been rectified. Both rental subsidy anddeductions are no~ handled automatically through the payroll".
Comments on ;1..,,', ~ers dealt with in the 1985 report.
134. The Administ.ration complied with the recommendations contained in the 1985report of the Board, 19/ except for those taken up again in paragraphs 46 and 47 ofthe present report. --
LY ~., Forty-first Session, Supplement No. 5/\ (A/41/5/Add.l and Corcl) ,Rect. [t.
-74-
Acknowledgement
135. The Board of Auditors wishes to express its appreciation for the co-opecationand assistance extended by the Adminintrator of the United Nations DevelopmentProgramme, his officers and members of their staff.
(Signed) R. T. NELSONAuditor General of Ghana
(Signed) Andr' CHANDERNAGORSe~ior President, Audit Officeof France
(Signea) Eufemio C. DOMINGOChairman, Commission on Audit,The Philippines
7~
II!. AUDIT OPINI0N
We have examined the tollowing appended tinan~ial statements, numbered Ito XXVII, properly identitied, and relevant schedules of the United NationsDevelop~ent Programme for the tinanc!al period ended 31 December 1986. ourexamination included a general re\iew of the accounting procedures and such testsof t' e accounting records and other Bupporting evidence as we considered necessaryin th" circumstances. As a result ot ollr' examination, we .Ice of till! o?inion thatsubject to the ettects of such adjuetmer,ts as reqlJire~ following the observationsin paragraphs 26, 29, 30, 32, 34, 37, 40 and 42 of our audit report and except forthe adjustments reqUired in statements I and 11 as noted in paragraphs 44, 45 (b)and 57, the financial statements present fairly th.:: , inancial posi tion of theorgani7.ation as at the end ot the period and the resultd of its operatione for theperiod then ended. The financial statements were prepared in accordance with thestated accounting principles, whicl. weee applied on a basis consiRtent with that ofthp. preceding tinancial period, except for the policies stated in note 1 (b) andnote 1 (d) to the tinancial statements, as explained in paragraphn 46, 47 and 51 ofour report. Also in our opinion, as explained in paragraphs 26 and 56, therelevant stated accounting policies should be brought in line with generallyaccepted accounting principles. Transactions were in accordance with the Fina~cial
Regulations and legislative authority, except for the disposal of budgetary fundsin excess of allotments, as explained in paragraphs 72 and 73 of our report.
(Signed) R. T. NELSONAuditor General of Ghana
(Signed) Andre CHANDERNAGOR~1nior President, Audit Officeof Franea
(2!gnedl Eufemio~. DOMINGOChairman, Commission on Audit,The Philippines
19 June 19117
-76-
IV. CERTIFICATION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
30 April 1981
I certify that to the Dest of my knowledge, information and belief, allmaterial tranGactionB have been properly charged in the accounting record. and areproperly reflected in the apponded financial statements, number~d I to XXVII, andsupporting schedules, numbered 1 to 22.
(Signed) M. Dougla. STAFFORDDirector
Division of FinanceUnited Nations Development Programme
-17-
STAT~ J.
UNDP: UNLT£!) NATI01l1:i DEVELOPMENT PROG1WlMIS ACCOUNT
St:at:ellent ot lncome ana expendltuee toe tne yeae eooea .H Decemoee J.~tlb
lUnlted States oOJ.J.aes)
COntriOUtl0ns from Uovernments and otnee COntriDutOrS
bU 7t10 J.Z~
13 1I~9 4:tJ.)
b~8 920 70.
lO !'o30 2&b9:.1 030 0.6
(I ~6~ 2lJ.
7b8 0.6 :.Il7(8"" On)
7b7 lOO L~6
.Lot 4U ~OS
L!I on117
1IJ. 30J. 267
J.O~ 7b.L !I!IL
117..: 9b": .Lot7
VOLuntary contrioutionsLess: Teansfees to government LocaJ. otflce costs
Voluntary contributl0ns foe the Special Measures Funa for tneLeast Developed Countries
Cost-snarlng contrlbutionacasn counterpart contelbutl0ns foe prOjects
Aad: Excnange adJustments on cOLlectl0n ot contributions
UNOI.' extraDUQllel.aty lftCOI1IeGovernment contrlbutl0n towardS senlor lndustrlal aeveLopment
tl.eJ.Q advlser costsDonationaluec:eJ.J.aneous lnCOllle (net:)
'roTA!. INCOME
Pr09ra.me expenditure
(scneduLe LI 788 708 430lnote i la) I \3 JIl4 SJ.71
7115 n3 913
lscnedule .1) II 001 .lll!l(scnedule II 1011 811.l. ":46(sCneduLe 3) 7 33~ U!I
11.1.3 !'>4J. b47lnote .I. lcll !I.l 258
1113 633 1I0S
lscneduLe 7) L4 710 370
lnote 14 lal) l.l8 J.tlO..:78
lscneau.l.e 41 Ll7 !I)& 334
.1.4.. 7h L3l
.I. 051> 40!l 037
481 4111 U~
SII4 1182S 3!!II lU2 III1!! lU9 ~69 6U
64 6~~ 11377 339 1049
:.7i. 670 OU1 OSII 079
7.. !Ill!! 007
1147 7.L3 091.1
1I0J. 1>113
6411 S.L4 1111l ~:'4 JJJ
(bSlI 7.L21
lotiO 4011 4J..l
.L.L7 0<10 .1.:J.II 1>31 71>8
L",7 II~l l40
718 061 &~.:
114 900 411~
Indlcative pLannlng figuresIndicative plannl~ flgures - ado-on fundsSpeciaJ. prograaae resourcesSpecial industriaL serVlcesSpeciaL Measures Fund for tne Least DeVeJ.oped CountrlesCost-shatingcasn counterpart
UNOI.' sectoraJ. support costsReimoursement of progr~ suppoet costs to executing agencies
llxpert hutUll Unanclng, extended SlC", .leave costsana COIlIP8nllatl0n payments
AdJustments to prl0r year's programme expenoituee (net)AdJulltDentll to prlor year's programme lIupport costs lnetl
UMDP blennlai cuaget expenditureUNOP extraDudgetary expenaiture
PROVISION 'ro aB0tJC8 TlUI BOOa( VAl.UR OF ACCOlJllTSIUlC.BIVA8LB AND DB.F&RRBD CHARG&>
EXCRSl:i OF lllCl»lB OVU EXPWlDITURB AND PROVUiLON TOilBDUC8 'l'IIB BOOK VAiolJE OF ACOOUNT$ IUlC.BIVABLK ANDDSPlSIUUiD CIIARGIiS
lscnedule S)(schedule 51(scnedule SI(ScnedulrJ ~I
lscr-eau).e SI(scneotlle ~I
lscnedu.l.e ~I
(note 14 loll(scneaule 51
IscneaULe III
lnote 10 la))(note J.O loll
lscnedule bllscheduLe 7)
lnote l5)
(statement ~'I)
5102 llll~ 8!11>1147 &4b
.1.3 tlSl 01173 11118 '170
lO 314 172!i0 .1.37 4011
7 4!1S 77!1
b8!1 2JO l~!I
l lIbJ. tlli6113 b60 7J.l
77t1 II~': tl47
~77 l:'U
776 4JU O!l7tlO 301
(37S ltl!l)
771> L3~ LU!I
1.:J. 1I0tl 074J.3 LIIJ. 1>",7
L34 Otll> 701
!ILl .::tL IILO
:t 454 bllU
J.42 7Jl 547
TlItl aCCOllpanytng notes are an lntegral part. ot tne financia.l. statellents.
-80-
J.985
Statement ot asseta ana L1ADiL1t1es aa at 3L Dece.oer L~b6
tun:r.tecl States dolLars)
ASSETS
casn
1 039 7253!lO 747
35 870 1039 J.SO 217
4b 410 792
J 345 000
258 lU.1I 0772)!) 8.tb J!l4
494 744 471
544 500 .t6J
8 :tU. 005
42 034 939
41 418J. 500 223
22 482 6621.L 734 1100
86 OlL 107
:.lOO 000 000
7 354 tiLl
17 64~ .L111~
:.I:t!> 000 000
1I5!l 5.L1 J70
COnvert:r.Dle currenc:r.eaUsable non-convertlble cucrenciesAccWDuLatea non-convert:r.ole cucrenc:r.escash at held ofUces
GoVernment Letters of creo:r.t
.Lnvestlllents
(>eneraL resourcesSuos14iary program.ea
TotaL casn, Letters ot cred:r.t and lnvese.ents
Advances ana accounts receiVable
Operating tunas providecl to GOverm.ents torexecut1ng UNDP project.s
Operating tunas providecl to otherexecuting agencies
Due from t.be Unit.ea Nat:r.ona Pund forPopULation ActlV:r.tleS
Due trom trust. funas a4lll1nlsterecl by UNDPOtnec accounts rece:r.Vable ana deferred
cnarges (net)Accruea lnt.erest
Investaents ot ttle operationaL teserveLoans ot ttle reserve tor constructlon
.loans t.o Gaver_ntsInvestaents ot ttle reserve tor constructl0n
Loans to Governments
-81-
(note 8)
tnote 3)
cnote 4)
Cnote S)
cnote 9 Ca))
(scneclu1e U)
tacneau1e J,<I)
1 .1.75 11452 J..L3 4;.c6
37 bb4 374J,6 !l1I2 19b
57 945 tlU
391J .t7:> L1I6"'711 335 8J.'"
67l:1 OLL 0011
39 002 7Jl
581 b711
.;to 517 b:.!!>14 4.Lb 7:.15
94 111 4~6
200 00i) 000
lb 192 lI07
"',,!> flOO 000
J.985
STATWdNT 11 (ConclUC1ea)
Llabllities
l!Jllb
J. ~U6 37~
J.4:t !Jfl.~ 5678S !l~O U4b56 lJ.fl S!JJ.
5J.!) .1.01
l' <!tJtJ 1:t:t2 1Ufl U!JO
31:1 06:.! b1l2
200 000 000:t5 000 000
2:.15 000 000
Operating tunas payable to otnerexecutlng agencles
unliquldated obJ.lgatlons ot executlng agenclesAccounes payaoJ.eManagement servlces agreemen~s
Due to tns Unlted Natl0nsDue to tne Unlted Natlons Fund tor
POpulatlon ActlVltlesDue t.o trust funas ac1lll1nlstered by UNOPJunl0r protesslonal ottlcers programme
Reserves
operatlonal reserveReserve for construct.l0n loans t.o Governments
Unexpended resources
(note Ill)
(note 4)
(note !l (D»
lscneau.l.e :I)
(note l»
(Scnedule J.j)
9 Ud4 7:14J.61 ~6b 41)3
IB O!lJ. 1711as 53l 334
J. 5311 ",51
4~U UdlJ.tJ 137 407
b 1:15 044
Jb!l 4!11 111$
:100 OUO 000:.15 000 UOO
;1,,5 000 000
:.Ill Hb 25.1.1$6 034 J.71
5 !l78 7:$4_.1.3 :l47-lli.
Hili OOb 457,!84 442 :.!:.IJ.
3.LtI Uti b71:l
1155 5.L.1. .no
SpeciaJ. Measures Fund for tne LeastDeveloped Countries
COst-snaring cont.ributl0nsCasn counterpart contrioutl0nsBxtraDu~etary activities
BaJ.ance of general resources
(statelllent IV) 30 4lJ 3bS(statement IV) 'J7 ilia ~btl
(statement IV) S b04 J1~
(statement IV) 13 1$84 <19.1.
.147 .l.70 511!l(statement IV) 313 !ISO ~lb
401 J.~1 US
1 055 blll .t9J
Note: Not retJ.e;;:teQ abOve, sinclll UNOP accounts tor its income trOlll contUbUl:.Lons on a casn ba81s, arecontrlbu~lons due trom Governments ~Qr tne current ana prl0r years totaJ.11ng $U3,~:l3,3~O \J.lIU5:$J.04.l.3,5l0). See note 6.
Tne accompanying notes ace an ~ntegra.L part ot tne tlnancia~ statements.
-82-
STATllMBtfl lU
UNOI'; UNITED NATIOl'lS DBWLOf'MBHT PilOGRMME ACCOUNT
Statement 01: cRanges 1.n f1.nanCaaL POS1.t1.0D for tne yeal:ended 3.1. Deeeaoel: L~6b*
(Unitea states doLLarS)
SOURCE OF FUNDS
J.2 J.':IJ. J.611!l8 600 lltl3
!l1l3 754 J.111
776 061 &5:.!
.I.J J"O ~J7
7!1J. 3112 Sti!l
H" 37J. !lll!i
J5:l .1."8 b1.
:)3J. !liS:.!4 276
:J. 542 513(4 3u9 5J.0/3 345 000
J.1I0 ;U7 3)11
.I.!l:.! 3n 511!i
544 500 :.!t13
TotaL 1ncome for tne yearDecrease 1D operatlng tunds prov1.deo
to execut1.ng agenc1.esDecrease in accounts receivAD1eIncrease in LlaD~Lltles
TotaL funos provided
APP~lCATION OF FUNDS
Tota.l. expenduure for ene yearProvislon to reduce tne bOOk va.1ue o~
accOunts reCelVaD.l.e and deterred cnargesIncrease in operating tunds proviaed to
execut1.ng ageoc1esInctease in accounts receivaoLe (netlTransfer rram cost-snar1ng unexpenaed
resources to accounts payabLe
:£!:ltaJ. tunas used
Caan ana lnvestments at oeglnnl.ng of year
Increase laecrease) 1.n casn and investments;
In convertia.l.. currenciesIn usaOLe non-oonvert1DJ.e currenclesIn accumuLated non-eonvert101e currenciesIn casn at tleLd officesIn goverlllllent letters of credi.tIn investlllents
Casn ona 1.nvestments at eno ot year
(stat_nt 1)
(stat_nt I)
(8tatelllent 1)
(statement 1.1)
L OSb 409 037
4~ 11511 J/a?
L US 440 Ot'9
!I.1.1 :.!2J. IU.O
2 454 &110
11 756 1135
00 .1.10
923 4!1J !IJl)
J.!ll !l4t1 534
544 500 263
H6 UO1 762 07':1.l 7':14 :J.717 114! 97!1
(J. 455 05:.!)LllL ..66 537
.I.!#.l li46 534
735 Ut> 7117
* ~c.l.ua1.n9 tne lnvestDents ot tne OpeC~tlOna.1 resecve Ana ot the resecve tor construction .loans toGoverDlllents.
1'ne aCCOIIlp<InYlng notes ace an lntegraJ. part of toe U.nancla.l. stat_nts.
-83-
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l,;nlttu•.', i'll.tJ.unti U.Vtt lUpmttnt fro~",.~. Aa _:1 ,x.out.a.ni.ge09Y tur 1t..!...R,<..2.i.o.w
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ftdm1niat.,.d uy unlte otne( thanto.. OlllOtl tot' pL'(,)Jeota ~.outlon
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Su"""rt eoeta ilUO b~ tn.. OUlce tor ~roJeeta
EX8cutlon to ....ueldt.ca 49"u01•• (net)
ba..llulctI dWell yttd.r-ttnu
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l:i'!'A'!'l:;MJ;;N'!' V!
UND~I TRUST ~UNDl:i AOMINlSTEMED U~ UNO~
IN~OMl:O AND l::ll~l::Nun'URI' "OR '!'Illl; Vll;AR
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ASS!:.'!'S
l\ltlb
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l~4 J~tl
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b~O b40
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!nveetm"ntlluue t'om l1NU~
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Uruuc.iJol ...h,a, "UjUU'Ctt~
U"ldnce as dt. ! Janu",y!:.Xce8S ot expematu,,, 01/'" 1IICOII\1I
Udl,mce as <.It Jl Utlc'lRllJ'H Y
-----_._--------
llicneduu, ~Oj
Inote 5)J jb~
~~
bll bJ!
4U4 /~5
1!~_~4~)
___-'-~U
bll bJl
Ulltlp"nt aUWdtlolHlUnenCUllllJUCtHJ lunth:.tA!!ocat.lone In excess ot '"Ilourcea
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S'l'M'!H!lfT VU
UNOI' , 'l'RUS'l' PUIlDS 1lDMINISTBRED BY lINOP
United Nations Capital Develop!ent Pund
Stat~s of f~ndA as at 31 DeceBber 198&
(United States dollarS)
1985
:n 876 782733 463
22 610 245(1 628)
22 608 &1710 702 839
110 809
33 422 265
22 837 1362 471 372
25 308 508
113 757
44 071436 580584 721
065 372655 000
98 861 795
695 5163 691 511
104 969 194
25 000 000
129 969 194
286 611938 846
7 271 9961 238 0285 290 678
458 761
15 484 no2S 000 000
82 270 5018 113 757
90 384 264900 000
89 484 264
129 969 194
INCOME 1<ND EXPENDITURE FOR TRE Y1Wl
Voluntary contributions fra. GovernmentsCost-sharing contributions
Exchange adjust""nte on COllection of contributions
Interest incOllleMiscellaneous inCOllle (net)
Less, ExpenditureProject costsBiennial budget expenditure
Bxceas of incone over expenditure
ASSE'l'S
CashConvertible currenciesUsable non-eonvertible currenciesAccumulated non-eonvertible currencies
Government letter of creditInvest_ntsOpe'~~iR9 funds provided to co-operating agenciesDue f rOlll UNDPAccounts receivable and deferred charqesAccrued interest
Investments of the operational reserve
LIAIlILITI!lS, RIlSERVES 1<ND UNBXPBNDI!D RESOURCES
Accounts peyableOperetlng funds peyeble to co-operating eqenciesUnliquidated obllqetions of co-operating eqenciesnue to UNDI'Due to sub-trust fundsBxtrabudqetary account for supPort costs
Operetional reserveUnexpended resources
Balanee 8S at 1 Januery&xceSS of incOMe over expenditure
LeIlS' Transfer to operationel reserve
BlIlance as lit 31 DecelOber !I
(schedule 16)(schedule 11)
(note 17 (all(schedule 21)
(note 3)(schedule 20)
(note 5)
(schedule 20)
(stat.....nt XXVII)(note 17 (b»
(note 11 (c»
1986
26 702 911802 545
27 505 45618 750
27 524 20610 438 757
291 680
38 254 643
2& 347 2802 789 307
29 136 587
9 118 056
39 557491 275303 283
834 11582000
104 296 451521 414133 482
1 484 2923 547 395
.!l0....!!!...lli.27 800 000
138 699 149
245 980
12 955 023
1 253 380642 44S
15 096 829
27 800 000
89 484 2649 118 056
98 602 3202 800 000
95 802 3Zl!
138 699 149
Note. ~tributi~ns d~ fra. Govern,,",nts for the current and prior years total $2.469.637 (1985: $2.046.254). A breatdownof thh ","ount by year la provided in note 7.
at Consistlnq of:
unspent allocationsAllocations in ~xcess of resouE'ctts (note 17 (d))
1985
130 184 023(40 699 759)
89 484 264
1986
139 675 169(43 872 949)
95 802 320
The a~nyinQ notes are an intBqral part of the financial stateeents.
-87-
STATEMENT VIII
UNDP; TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY tlNDP
United Nations Revolving Fund for Natural Resources Exploration
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985
4 397 4504 778
1 190 81249 811
5 642 851
2 575 8061 364 384
3 940 190
1 702 661
12 22448 273
15 591 00017 172
279 027
15 947 696
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR
voluntary contributions from GovernmentsCost-sharing contributionsInterest incomeMiscellaneous income (net) !I
LeSS; ExpenditureProject costs blBiennial budget expenditure
Excess of expenditure over income(1985: Excess of income over expenditure)
ASSETS
CashConvertible currenciesCash at field offices
InvestmentsDue from UNDPAccrued intereat
LIABILITIES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
(schedule 16)
(schedule 21)
(note 18 (a»(schedule 20)
1986
418 373
1 068 919106 544
1 593 836
6 889 3051 400 721
8 290 026
(6 696 190)
3 91087 812
11 163 000
312 091
11 566 813
631 007
631 007
13 614 028
1 702 661
15 316 689
15 947 696
Accounts payableManagement service agreementsDue to UNDP
Unexpended resourcesBalance as at 1 JanuaryExcess of expenditure over income
(1985; Excess of income over expenditure)
Balance as at 31 December £I
(note 18 (b» 2 299 172(note 18 (c)) 595 392(note 5) 51 750
2 946 314
15 316 689
(6 696 190)
8 620 499
11 566 813
Note:$22,762).
Contributions due from Governments for the current and prior years total $2,289,589 (1985;A breakdown of this amount by year is provided in note 7.
Including income of $65,000 earn~d under a management service agreement.
Including pre-project expenditure of $196,991.
Consisting of:
unspent allocationsAllocations in excess of resources
1985
18 372 829(3 056 140)
15 316 689
llli14 145 804(5 525 305)
8 620 499
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
-88-
ST~TBMENT I X
tlNDP, TRUST PIJNDS ~DMINISTEREl> RY UHOP
!Inlted NAtion. Trult 'und tor Ruc.1ano-RaheliAn ~~t:...!...'!.!..U!.!.
StatuI of fund. la It 31 olo.",ber 1986
198~
~ 714 69811 7]0 490
12 700999 6Ul
.-.J.!L6041
18 46~ 88~
118 967
72~ ~~6
491 264
10 3H 787312 673
14 96~
10 663 42~
802 460
14 9818 147
19 397 1~6
261 324
104 116
1 204317 414
20 164 382
~J4 8}6970 307112 38~
313 892478 660
430 080
8 93\ 812802 460
16 734 102
20 164 182
INCOME ~Nl> EXPENDITURE PGR THE YF.~R
Voluntary contribution. trom GovernmentaCORt-.hat ing contr lhut 10n.DonationlInter.lt incomeMhe.Ulnlaul Incon\ft (expenditure)
L••• , ExpenditureProject COlt.R.lmbur .....nt of proqrlmrfte support
OOlt. to Ixecuting Iq_ncl••Biennial hudget IKplndlture
Adjultment to prior y••ra' proqrlmme IKpenditl,"fIt (nit)Ad1ultment to prior y•• rl' proqrl"''''' lupport costl" (nit.)
Exc,•• of lncom.. oVlr Ixplnditul".
MBETS
CashConvertihle curtlnei••Accumulated non-oonvertible curt.nci••
Inv•• tmlntlOplrltlnl') fundi provided to IXlouting Iqenei••Du. trom UNDPDu. from UNEP tor UNDP/UNEP joint-venture prnjectflDue from lub.. trult fundsAccount I receivable and deflrred chargeRAccrued intere.. t
LI~Bll.ITIF.S ~ND UNEXPF.NOF.l> RF.SOURCF.S
Account. plyableUnliqu ic.1ated obligations of ex.Cut inq aqenc ip."Oue to UNDP0118 to lub-tru8t rundllEKtrahudcretary account for ~upport cant"
t1neKpended rl.ouree.Oalance a. at 1 ~Tanuary
F.Kce.1I of income oyftr expend1t.ure
Ral ..nce aR at :n necftmht!r !/
(ochodulo 16)(Plch.duie 17)
(noto 19 (0»
(ochodulo 211
(ochodu I. 20)
(noto ~)
(noto 19 (b»(Itatement XXVI I)
(not. 19 (c»
1986
411 903109 18~
949 903(37 169)
1!...ill..lli239 ~84
~08 02~
....L!l!...!U10 186 262
(~8 ~23)___711
10 328 4~2
6 307 370
~o ~Ol
~4~
22 668 9762 ~lJ '73
82 284361 626199 969340 666491 216
26 879 3~6
~55 372
837 684
16 734 302
...!..lli-.ill.23 041 672
26 879 1~6
==
Notel Contribution.. due from Governments for the curront And prior vear" tot .. l S16,291,lJ7 (lCJeli, 187,982,491). "hrftlllkdown of 'hi" amount hy year i" provided in note 1.
!o/ con"iRtinq of'
t1n!lpfmt allocation!!"llocat ionll in "xc.". of' ["lIourees
.\..~
19 973 710
.ll..1.ll...!~!!)H 734102
=
1986
21 B12 812
_.i11Lilll21 041 672
Allocation'" uxceeded re'lOurces alii future year8' allocations were i"Buet1 on the hasis of contrihutions receivab1ft 1nthp currftnt: and prior yearR.
Th" accompanyinq notes arft an intftqral part of the financial Btatements.
-89-
STATEMENT X
UNDP: TRUST PUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNOP
United Nations Volunteers programme
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985
826 499167 021826 209
1 819 729
2 000 103
(180 674)
2 977 834
262 667170 596
6 350
3 417 447
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR
Voluntary contributions fr~ GovernmentsInterest incomeMiscellaneous income (net) ~/
Less: ExpenditureProject costs
~xcess of income over expenditure(1985: Excess of expenditure over income)
ASS~S
InvestmentsDue from UNHCRDue from UNDPAccounts receivable and deferred chargesAccrued interest
(schedule 16)
(schedule 20)(note 20 (a»
1986
1 123 036176 560886 190
2 185 786
Ull~~
13 744
4 514 5245 434
224 7321 241
4 745 93t
====LIABILITIES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
45 364 Accounts payable249 815 Projects financed by donor Governments132 410 Projects financed by UNHCR
Due to UNDPDue to sub-trust fundsExtrabudgetary account for support costs
427 589Unexpended resources
3 170 532 Balance as at 1 JanuaryExcess of income over expenditure
(180 674) (1985: Excess of expenditure over income)
2 989 858 Balance as at 31 December W3 417 447
(note 20 (a»
(note 5)(statement XXVII)(note 20 (b»
311 H72387 228
463 299410 000169 930
1 742 329
2 989 858
13 744
3 003 602
4 745 931
Note:$294;768) •
Contributions due from Governments for the current and prior years total $385,606 (1985:A breakdown of this amount by year is provided in note 7.
~I Including recovery of external costs of $876,179.
~I Consisting of:
unspent allocationsAllocations in excess of resources
!2!15 885 346
(2 895 488)
2 989 858
1986
5 983 694(2 980 092)
3 003 602
The accompanying notes are an integral parr of the financial statements.
-90-
STATEMENT XI
UNOI': 'rRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY llNDP
United Nations Financ,nq System for Science and Technologyfor Development
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985
298 38360 000
530 984(215 548)
673 819
2 403 494
259 884019 131
682 509
103 125
3 785 634
(3 III 815)
INCOME: AND EXPENDITURB FOR THE YEAR
voluntary contributions from GovernmentsCost-sharing contributionsExtrabudqetary contribution~ from GovernmentsInterest incomeMiscellaneous income (expenditure)
Less: ExpenditureProject costsReimbursement of programme support
costs to executing agenciesAdministrative and programme support costs
Adjustment to prior years' proqrammeexp;",diture (net)
Excess of expendit',re over income
(schedule 16)(schedule 17)(schedule 19)
(schedule 22)
1986
897 01656 600
200 000J89 336(10 344)
1 532 608
1 735 251
59 988672 582
2 467 821
(33 758)
2 434 063
(901 455)
12 3997 850 0003 041 655
151 406136 126
11 191 386
70 2242 586 942
72 &832 185 686
222 684
5 138 219
41 706
6 011 661
6 011 661
11 191 586
ASSETS
CashConvertible currencies
InvestmentsOperating funds provided to executing agenciesDue from UNDpAccounts receivable and deferred chargesAccrued interest
LIABILITIES, RESERVES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
Accounts payableUnliquidated obligations of executing agenciesDue to UNOI'Due to sub-trust fundsExtr4budgetary account for support costs
Programme reserveUnexpended resources
Extrabudgetary activitiesGeneral resources
lIalance as at 31 December !/
6 374(schedule 20) 7 420 000
1 707 820(note 5) 34 993
165 37471 132
9 405 693
54 3981 19,., 865
istatement XXVII) 2 928 382(note 21 (a» 74 535
4 254 180
(note 21 (b» 59 247
{note 21 (c») 200 000(note 21 (d)) 4 892 266
2...M.L~~
9 405 693-,...._-------Note: contributi",~, due from Governments for the current and prior years total $681,978 (1985: $547,773), A
breakdown of this amount by y~~r is provided in ~te 7,
!/ Consisting of:
Unspent allocationsUnencu~bered funds - extrabudgetary actiVities,Unencumbered funds - general resourcesAllocations in excess of resouzces
~
6 240 242
(228 581)
6 011 661
~
4 023 478200 000868 788
5 092 266
The accompanying notes are an'integral part of the financial statemen~s,
-91-
RTlll'FoMENT XII
UNDP. 1RlIRT FUNDR ... IlMINIRTFoREIl RY IINllP
!!!AtuI.of fundi .1 .t 1I ('."omhor 19R6
(United ~t.t•• doll.re)
------------------------------198~
INCOME "'ND ,XPENDITUP' POR THt' YE...R
19B6
49 60471H
68 7~0
~
208 071
19~ 781
H 501
-lQ.l!!501!..l!!
(100 291)
6 OH84~ 000
I~~
976 22S
79 447
J.l.Ltl..12lIR 4H
95R 052(lOO 291)
657 71,'
976 22'5
'/olllntlu', ;ontributionlJ fr(}m GovernmflntPlCOlt-hhAl IUJ contributionsIntereAL incomeMilCftllall.eoul income (net)
Le.sl t:xpendJtulIProject CCltlReimbur ••ment ot programme WUPPC>L't costA
to eX8cutlnq 11800188
A.djustment to prior years' prf')(]camlnftI.pendltllu (net)
Ad1ulltment to pr tor yearPl I prl')qra.nmeluppor~ COltl (n~t)
F.KCr.PIP1 of 8Kpendllurtt O\,,)r lncome
ASSETS
CllhConv.rtib~ft curr"ncil "
InveltmentsOperatL,q f~lnd8 provicle<1 to AKecutiol aq3nchHIIJue from l1NDP
1,IA811,ITIES "'NO UNEXPENDED RESOlJRCE~
ACCQuntl!l payabh""Operatinq fllnoll pay"blu to eKf\cut,lnq aqftncieflI1nliquidotl!d obl iqllt ionl4 of ft)(~":'l,tinq IIqftncien
lJn"xpen......<1 regou rCARBalance a~ at 1 ,JanuaryF.Kc88flJ of eKpencHture over lnco",'!TranBte.' to UNO' g.meral resoute""
AlIIlanc..e lIA at 31 Decft.nber !/
(a~hedlllo 16)
(achedule 20)
(noh 5)
(nnt." 22)
16 299___2_81
2!.~
249 590
.-.!9 BA2
269 472
61 594
__6~
.P7 UO
(277 205)
4 905410 000
29 29B
2.U..n486 626
2 576
lC,5 7~
l~L:!l~
b,7 761(277 2,15)
.ill.l22)~~
486 626
-_._- ._----_.... -_._- ._---,!'!2.t.:.!!" Contrihut.lonl. f'1ue from (lnvernll"lIlnt:R for t.hp ~lIrrp.nt nnn prior Vf'arr" tot"l $81,64Q (lO(j'll $ql, 1.l4).
A hreakdown of thle .,mount ,y yeo'Jr is provHh!\l in note '1.
ConAiFll1nq or~
tJnRpent. lIl10cat ionnIJr,encumbertH,1 fUild,..
19nr"1
119 577118 tR4
6~7 761
1986
12R 261
12B 2~1
Th@ accompallyinq not'HJ lire an intfllqrftl pa[t of the financL!ll stat@:tlAntlll.
-9~-
STATEMENT XIII
UNDP: TRUST FUNDS M>MINISTERED BY UNDP
UNDP Trust Fund for the Nationhood Programme of the Fund for Namibia
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985 1986
191 166168 732
1 892
361 790
733 516
82 418
815 934
(102 856)
5 139
718 217
325 000
(681 427)
8 9282 405 000
3 807
2 417 735
325 000242 99~
147 95349 223
765 16!#
2 333 993(681 427)
1 652 566
2 417 735
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR
Contributions from the United Nations Fundfor Namibia (Nationhood Programme)
Interest incomeMiscellaneous income (expenditure)
Less: Expenditureproject costsReimbursement of programme support costs
to executing agencies
Adjustment to prior years' programmeexpenditure (net)
Adjustment to prior years' programmesupport costs (net)
Transfer of interest income to theUnited Nations
Excess of expenditure over income
ASSETS
CashConvertible currencies
InvestmentsDue from UNDPAccrued interest
LIABILITIES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
Accounts payableOperating funds payable to executing agenciesUnliquidated obligations of executing agenciesDue to UNDP
Unexpended resourcesBalance as at 1 JanuaryExcess of expenditure over income
Balance as at 31 Decell\~r !/
(schedule 16)
(note 23)
(schedule 20)(note 5)
421 766143 308
(4 513)
560 561
655 272
44 611
699 883
(3 205)
696 678
128 058
(264 175)
1 9601 614 000
53 7727 370
1 677 102
225 61163 100
288 711
1 652 566(264 175)
1 388 391
1 677 102
!I Consisting of:
unspent allocationsUnencumbered fundsAllocations in excess of resources
!.ill.1 524 508
128 058
1 652 566
!2!!£1 490 842
(102 451)
1 388 391
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
-93-
STATEMENT XIV
UNtlP; TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNtlP
united Nations Development Fund for Women
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985(July-December)
1986
2 014 13188 59687 352
426 13418 209
2 634 421
2 561 222143 546306 456
~ 011 22450 000
3 061 224
(426 903)
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR
Voluntary contributions from GovernmentsCOst-sharing contributionsllonationsInterest incomeMiscellaneous income (net)
Less; Expenditureproject costsReimbursement of programme support costs to executing agenciesBiennial budget expenditure
Adjustment to prior years' programme expenditure (net)Adjustment to prior years' programme support costs (net)
Excess of expenditure over income
ASSETS
(schedule 16)
(schedule 17)
(schedule 21)
3 643 121113 151199 226739 136206 295
4 898 929
4 284 909222 383979 429
5 486 721(259 378)
1261
5 229 604
(329 675)
Cash13 146 COnvertible currencies 4 544
9 344 000 Investments (schedule 20) 9 515 5003 564 119 Operating funds provided to executing agencies 3 595 014
47 053 Due from UNDP (note 5) 185 552Accounts receivable and deferred charges 3 846
184 644 Accrued interest 199 590
13 152 962 13 493 046
LIABILITIES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
84 568 Accounts payable 117 450492 594 unliquidated obligations of executing agencies 547 152
Due to sub-trust funds (statement XXVII) 582 319
577 162 1 246 921unexpended resources
Balance as at 1 January 12 575 80012 354 907 Transfer from the United Nations
647 696 Transfer from additional contributions
13 002 603 Openi ng balance 12 575 800(426 803) Excess of expenditure over income (329 675)
12 575 800 Balance as at 31 December y 12 246 125
13 152 962 13 493 046
Note: Contributions due from Government.s for the current and prior years total $966,497 (1985; $624,169). Abreakdown of this amount by year is provid~ in note 7.
!/ Consisting of;
~nspent allocationsUnencumbered funds
1985
7 378 2275 197 573
12 575 800
198.§.
8 193 6424 052 48~
12 246 125
A total of $3.1 million of the above unencumbered funds is committed to pipeline projects for which project documentshad not been signed as at 31 December 1986.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
-94-
UNDP: 'l'RUST PUNOS ADMINISTERED BY UNDP
UNDP Energy Account
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985
40 0001 730 lSB
461 384IB 833
2 250 375
4 292 232
80 BOO157 B87
4 530 919
23 60B
17 3511
4 571 877
(2 321 502)
7 35B4 511 000
37 621
4 555 979
1 15010 037
203 62013 734
228 541
6 648 940(2 321 502)
4 327 438
4 555 979
INCOME AND EXP2NDITURB FOR THE YEAR
Voluntary contributions from GovernmentsCost-sharing contributionsInterest incomeMiscellaneous income (net)
Less: Expenditureproject costsReimbursement of programme support costs
to executing agenciesAdministrative and programme support costs
Adjustment to prior years' programmeexpen~iture (net)
Adjustment to prior years' programmesupport costs (net)
Excess of e~penditure over income
ASSETS
CashConvertible currencies
InvestmentsDue from UNDPAccrued interest
LIABILITIES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
Accounts payableOperating funds payable to executing agenciesUnliquidated obligations of executing agenciesDue to UNDP
Unexpended resourcesBalance as at 1 JanuaryExcess of expenditure over income
Balance as at 31 December ~I
(schedule 16)(schedule 17)
(schedule 20)(note 5)
1986
38 9904 199 539
270 72927 210
4 536 468
6 142 022
101 084162 212
6 405 318
(13 420)
6 391 898
(1 855 430)
3 5764 828 000
22 41621 224
4 875 216
1001 964 577
438 531
2 403 208
4 327 438(I 855 430)
2 472 008
4 875 216
Note: Contributions due from Governments for the current and prior years total $2.170,715 (1985: $1,790,357). Abreak~ of this amount by year is provided in note 7.
~I consisting of:
Unspent allocationsAllocations in excess of resources
!lli5 590 005
(1 262 567)
4 327 438
!ill4 648 330
(2 176 322)
2 (72 008
Allocations exceeded resources as future years' ~llocations were issued on the basis of contributionsreceivable in the current, prior and future years.
The accompanyinq notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
-95-
STAT~fojT XVI
UNDP: TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNDP
Trust tunas estaDlisnea by tne Aam~nistrator
In~t~ai ln~t~at~ve Aga~nst Avoidabie D~saOiement (LMPACT)
~tatus ot tunas as at 31 Decemoer i~ijb
illllb
INCOME AND EXPENOITUR£ FOR. THE YEAR
101 .1.74(133)
101 041
3~ 4U4
.f~ 404
;t 4~0
lJ "!I~
l~ 742
(.L.o! ll!l4)
3~ 556
b o6~
J~ 404
COntriout~ons trom Governments anaotner contributors
M~scel.Laneous income (expena~ture)
Less: EKpenQ~ture
proJect costs
t:xcess ot eXpll'ndlture over income(ill8~: Excess ot ~ncome over expena~turel
ASSETS
Due trom UNIJPDue trom SUb-trust tuna
LIABILITiES AND UN~XPENO£D RESOURCES
Operat~ng tunas payable to execut~ng agenclesUnl~qu~dateQ Obligations ot execut~n9 agen~les
Due to UNOPDue to sub-trUSt funa
Unexpended resourcesBalance as at 1 JanuaryExcess ot expenditure over lncome
(l!lll~: Excess ot income over expenditure)
Balance as at 31 DecemDer ~
(scl1eaule 1&)
(statement XXVII)
(note 51
i03 753
103 7f)3
.1.37 555
(33 Il02)
i7 :l7l1
(~)
(.:!:.!.-illl !V3 13!1
i9 bb;t
8f COntr~Dutions tota.L.Ling $~;t,!I!l5 nave oeen rece~vea in 1987.
~ COnsistlng ot:
Unspent a.L.LocatlonsUnencumoerea tunasALLocations in excess ot resources
.L7 lS6J..L ISUi
56 947
(7.L OlS7)
(~)
Tne accompani~n9 notes are an l.ote,grdl part ot tne ~~aanc.Lal statements.
STAT~.c XVH
UNDP: T&US~ FUNDS ADMlHISTEaBD BY UNDP
Trust tunas estaD!lsned DV tne AamlnlstratOr
Trust fund tor tne Tralning in tne U~SR ot speclallsts from DeveloplOQ Countrles
Status ot funas as at 31 uecemoer l~~O
(Unltea States dOllars)
1~85
INCOM..E AND BJt1>ENDITURE FOR THE YEAR
HIl6
1 .ibO 5705l OSOII 458
.I. 4i5 078
l:I30 lI07
.1.:'>'.1. 80b
.L O!J.l 4.L3
.I. O!).l 4.1.J
3n bl'l!)
2H 535i S7.i b92
:.-. llb7 i.l7
b"J lIO)
bd 80:1
.I. 1170 7SS
37.l bb!J
" i4J 4i4
~ lIb7 :a.7
Contrloutl0ns trom GOvernments.I.nterest incomeMisce.l..Laneous income (net)
Less: ExpendltureI'roJect costsReimoursement ot p~ogramme support
cost$ to executlng agencles
adJustment to prlor years' programmeexpendlture (net)
~cess ot expenditure over lncomell!l8!): Excess ot lncome over ~xpenditure)
ASSET::;
Operatlng fundS provldea to executlng agenclesDue trom UNDI'
L.l.ABILITIES AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
Accounts payaoleUn.Liquidated oo!igations ot executing agencies
Unexpended resourcesBa.Lance as at .L Januaryr.xcess ot expendlture over income
l.l.~ij!): Excess ot lncome over expenolture)
Ba.l.ance as at 3.L DecelllDE!r !y
{scnedule 16)
(note 5J
.1. li7t! .l6bSi 6:tJ
~..ill
.1. 705 9:t:t
~ lU 3.l5
2711 50l
;e, 4bli- ll</l~
n 780
" 541 bOa
(177 blJo)
.I.l.l4 bIb:.l OO! SI.tO
2 lilt> !)!lo
4 000716 8~8
2 ..t43 4.:•
pn lIdb)
.l. 4b5 73tl
;e !lSb :;'~lI
=
!y Conslstlng of:
unspent a.LlocationsUnencumnerea tunas
44 04J.:t 'J.!*~ 383
2 243 424
~24 2!HI541 460
1 4«iS 738
Tne accompanying notes are an integ....al part of tne financial. stateaents.
-97-
STA'L'DlEN'l' XVHI
UNOP; TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNOP
Trust funds established by the Administrator
!tUBt Fund for See£ia1 Netnerlands COntrioution for the Least DevelOped Countries
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR TfLE YEAR
1986
b80 819
j, 885 770
245 727
'i. 131 497
(.l 450 (78)
6 007 352
1 180 18:.!
(; 2.77 848(l 450 (78)
" 827 170
6 007 352
Interest: income
Less: ExpenditureProject <lostsReimbursement ot programme support
COStS to executing agencies
Excess of expenaiture over income
ASSETS
Due froll! UNOP
L.l:ABII.I'l'IBS AND UNEXPENDED RESOURCES
Unliquidated obligations of executlng agencies
Une~pended resourcesBalance as at 1 JanuaryExcess of expenditure over inOOllle
Balance as at 31 Oecemoec y
(note 5)
HIl 154
1 6n 949
llltl 577
1 lllll 50!6
(1 463 372)
3 976 130
612 332
4 821 170(J. 463 372)
J 363 798
3 976 130
!I consisting of:
unspent allocationsUnencumoered funds
!!ll2 336 98Z2 490 1811
" 821 170
!W.
1 795 9101 567 888
3 363 798
The accompanying notes are an integral ~rt ot the financial statements.
S'l'A'l'I::III~N'I' lllX
UNUI'I THU~'r FUNDll l\llMINI~1'l.:IUW U~ liNUI'
'I'rullt tunull e"tabJ.111neU uy tne Adlll1nlstrlltor
UNDP 'NUllt Fund tur llUVIUOPll!lI. CountC1ee AUuctec1 uy Fllmlnu ..nd Ma.1nutCltion
Sttitu~ of llmdll au At 31 Decemucr .l.!:Hi~
(UnIted lltllt"ll dol.l.orll)
7')~ 58b~ ~48
14 4bJ U4
14 48J il4
(U 71.1 580)
b U3.19 J4J UU~
~ 557 '/8834 0~3
---.2!Llli
40b 54b
H 778 ~5:j
(U n~ 580)
U. 457 ns
INCOMl:: AND ..-XPENUI1'UIIE f'OH '1'l'E 1&AR
I..:oat-atla.r log contr 1Dut1ona lz:orn (MoVtU"lllllttntaInterest incumeMll1eellaneoue Income (~Xp"ndIture)
Leeel ~penditure
Project coateAdjuetn.ent to prior ye",a' programme
~xpendIture (netl
Exc".a of expenditure over income
caa"Convertlb.1e currenclea
Inveatl1lllntaOperatIng funda provided to ftXecutln\l a\lencie.Due trom UNIJPAcerl.Qd lntere.t
lIABILI~l~ AND UNEXP~NOEO ~OU~~
Un.l1'1uidated Qbl1\1ationa ot executin\! a\lloncleaDue to UNOI'
Untitxpended resour",...Bdence aa at .1 JanuaryEKc.aa ot expendIture oVer Income
8elance .2 et Jl u.eemller !I
1~8b
\ """udule 11) 170 0001 ~]b 5~0
___illl
..L.!f!!Lill
8 5~~ 347
184 0001
8 445 347
17 038 848)
4 .?~
(achedule 201 10 315 0110] H5 1117
24~ 08~
13 893 b7i
830 447Inote 5) 5i H3
2 881 1140
18 050 67~
.'.LJ!l!!...!!!!.)
!.!...!!...I:.L!!lllJ 811l 07.1
!l2!:!.' Contributiona due from Gove<ruuent.a for tne current and pC10r yeara total '30.000(1~8~' '30,000). A breakdown of thia amount by year la provlde~ In note 7.
!I Conulating ut I
).t!t! !lli
Unap.."t aUocationu U 4~1> 180 8 ~40 ~50
Unel1cumlJered t.una" b b". 41111 4 079 Bij1
t8 950 oH 11 Ull eH=-=---=-=
'l'ne accompanying noten au an lnt-gul pact ot tIl.~I'lanola.1 "tlltementfl.
UNOi'. TRU::l'I' I'UNDS AIlIUNIS'rUBO BY UNOi'
'I'rust tun<ld estA"Usned by tne Mllllnlatrflio.
(Unlt,d State. dolla.s)
--------,-----------_._-------------
INCOME ANO ll:XPll:HUITURIl: I'OR TIIll: YEAR
14~ 4110
J1~ ~08----------
I> 10100I> HO 000
jijij 4~ij
~~ 115
10 ijijU ijUJ
41 ijij1
IU~ OH
10 J,O 1>'14
b HijU 8UJ
Int"r8l1t .Lncoml.:
Lea.. ~pandltur"
pro)ect co.ta
~cea 0t expenditure over inc~.
(J.~8': ~cellll o( Income over expenditure)
Cuh"';,anv.'lluJ.. Cl,IcrenCl.,fl
I,.ve.tment.~ue trom UNOi'Accrued Interest
LI~ILITIll:8 ANU UNil:XPll:NUED RESOURCES
UperAtlnq tund.. payAIHe to ellucutlny "qancle.UnliquidAted obliqaUon.. ot ellecutinq AqenCles
Unellpended re.ourc.. saAlance 411 At 1 January~XCtUJtI of tu:pemh tur. OV)f incom_
(J.!ltI!.>r ~XC.tUI ot income over .xpun~.a.lur.)
aalance as at JI uucember !I
(achedule 20 I(note SI
41>6 08~
111 161
(~Sl 01~)
j 7436 4ijJ 000
~Oj 6~7
H 1I1S
ilJ :106ISO JOI>
:l8J Sl'l
6 1J~ 81\~
l2S1 01»)
~ 478 803
I> 16~ Jl,--P[UVlOu"ly xnown .... the UNUP 'fruat Fund tor I>:conomlc "nd TechnIcal co-operatlon smon,.
UllVtoJLuVlny COL.'ntt',Utd. ',l'Btt I\dlr)'d WU.U ClldlU~ttU l)Ul.lHUHlt t.o G4tnGu&l A""vlluJly d.cll11on 41/4~".
Ulluvent. ,.. ll(.x;~t h)llhlUlllf:tI\CUlULJeCCllu l.Ul\l1d
~ I" I II,~
!-~~~\~!1.~
1 UU 1'1~!
I> 4'/11 UOJ======:zs=c:
-1 (\\1-
li'I'ATlo:Mb;Nl' Xil ..
UNDPI TKUST rUNDS ADMINIST~RtD ~~ UNDP
Tru~t funda eatAo'lshed by tn. AumlnlstrAtur
lJNDP 'l'ru~t ~'unu fur AsustAnoe to RAtu'jlee-rehted DevelupmentPr,)Jeots 1n Atr 10!!.
StAtus at tund~ AS At J1 Deoemoe. 1~8b
(Unlted StAtea dUllAr~)
198,
'11~ OJ~
rib UOO5U 01'i
Jj~ b1~
.L!!!!.!...~j
8~ b7J
~ 8b417J. bOO
~7J. U7
~ 613 55b
500 OUO15b 517
14 lUl
b7U 618
4'1 Ob~
'i 01U UOUJ. 613 5'ib
bJ.3 !J~)~
b1U b18
INCOME AND ~XPEND1TURE FOK THE ~EAR
VoJ.unt4ry conl[.LOutl()n~ trom GovernrnentliCoSt-liner 1n9 contr It.utlonDonAtlonsInter,st lncome
LeSll ExpendlturepruJeot COStllKelmours.ment of proqCAlM\e support
costs to .K~cutLn9 4980018&
Adnl1nlatut1ve ..nd proqulM\e support ousta
~xce98 of income '.I\lI)[ expenditurl.'
A5S~'1'S
Investment ..Due tram UNDPAccruea 1nt~l~at
L1AbIL1'!'I!::S AND UN"XP~;rm!::D RESOUKCl>S
Un11quldAt,u ob11gatluns of executlng ug8noles
Unexi.J8ndvo retlourc,,"U.J.ance 118 at .1. Jdnullry1::)(0...8 ot income uver expend1tun,
lI"l..nce ..a Clt J1 December !I
(schedule !b)
(aehedule :l0)(note ,)
1~8b
~ 107
b33 l~b
b4. JU3
~35 <158
<15 117~
13U 334
J~l 471
<150 8J4
7 1134 16751 761
__'ILlli
7 ~65 5U~
~1 114
bH 55bJ.50 IIJ<I
Not., ~olltrlLJut1.uIUI due truffi <;OvvclUtlentlll tor tu" currant anti ",[lur y~.r¥ tutal. ''',17J(1~ij'iI.4.4bl). A breAkdown of tllls "mount by yeA' 111 ~'rovldeu 111 nut .. 7.
1~8'i ill!
Un spent Al.loo .. t1ons 4~ 35J. J. 5~~ 7~4
Un.llcumlUtUIIJ tUIIlUl L..lli..lQ! 5 J.14 5~4
!bJ.J ,5b !. 11'/4 31111
-1111·
STATDUi:NT XXII
UNDP: TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNDP
Trust funds established by the Administrator
UNDP Trust Fund to CoJlll)at Poverty and Hunger in Africa
Status of funds as at 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
1985
10.1. ~08
435 3873l 385
569 LSO
58lf 929
588 929
(19 749)
6 800 044
87 bSO644 933
6 087 04l
b tl19 bl5
(l~J 542)HJ 9&1
!J.9 581)
6 tlOO 044
INCOME AND EXPENDITUR£ FOR TaE YEAR
Contr~Dutl0ns tram Governments for proJectsContributions from Governments for
extraouQgetary activ~ties
Donations
Less: ExpenditureproJect costsEKtrabudgetary activities
Excess of income over expenditure(.1.985: EKcess ot expenditure over income)
ASSETS
Due from UNDP
LIABILITIES AND UNEXJ?ENDED RESOURCES
Accounts payableUnliquidated Obligations of executing agenciesDue to suo-trust fundS
unexpendea resourcesExtrabudgetary activltiesGeneral. resources
aal~nce as at 31 December !I
(SChedULe IG)
(Schedule 19)
(note S)
(statement ,KXVII)
(note 24)
1986
1 ;,(66 592
.1. 02:.1 000loO 30.1.
2 2!.1t1 tl9J
1 368 000867 971
2 235 97J.
62 922
5 130 l.6!.1
149 570205 032
4 73:t 216
5 08& 828
48742 854
43 341
5 HO 169
Note: COntributions due from Governments for tne current and prior years total $1,022,000(1~85: Nil). A breakdown of this amount by year is provi~ed in note 7.
!I Consisting of:
Unexpended extrabudgetary resourcesDeflcit in extrabudgetary resourcesUnencUmbered funds - general resources
(153 542)133 96.:&.
tU 581)
.!!!!
487
Tne accOGpanying notes are an integral part of toe tlnancial statements.
-102-
S'I'A'rIlMll:N~' XlU 11
lJNlll' I TIIUIl'r FUNDS ADIUNISTKIUl:D IlY UNDI'
Tru.t tund. ,.t.bli.h.d bY the A4111nl.ts.tor
'l'ru.t ~'unu tor Ltlt. Nurw"!jIan ~,t< loutlon to tn. Ar!jlol.n Il.tro,,,,!! Trunln!jl C.ntr. 1n l!1!!!l!
St"tuII at fur-u .. e' .t .u D!c,!!!uer lVlIb
(Unlt.a Stat•• doll.r.)
lljti~
1 U~4 S~l
UH S~l
lSS U4J
11S SU4
JUb S~5
(,0 J~b)
1 :.!!lb H~
(1b! bUS)
lNC0MI: AND KXPEND1TU~ rOil THE YI:AII
Contrlbutlon.. tram Gov.rnm.nt ..M1sceUcan.ou. lnco>o. (n.t)
~•• , Exp.ndltu(.IlroJ.ct co.t.1I.1mbur••m.nt at prQ9ramm••upport co.t.
to .x,cutln9 '9.nu1••
AdJu,lm8nt to prlor y.ar.' prQ9ramm.support coat, (n.t)
~XC••II ot 1ncora~ (.I/e' expend1turClt(lgll>: Kwc.ua at .xp.naltur. ov.r lncum.)
1J UUbOO UUO
_.~
(JJ7 134)
(lbl bUS)
(4~S 740)
114 ~S4
Oper"~UI\l tuna .. provld.a to .X.cutln9 '\I.ncl.'Ju. ~<O'" UNU!'Accountr ,ecelYdD!. 4nJ dete".d ch.r~CIt~
LJAIllL1Ull:I:i AN,' UNEXI't:NllEO R/I:IlOUI\(;I!:S
Op.ratlnll tuna, payaol. to .x.cut1n9 '9.nc1••Unl1~uldet.n obl'9atlon. at .x.cutln\l '9.llC1••
U~b~p.nO.d ,.~urc••Balanc. a••t 1 J.nuaryExc'" of lncom. ov.r .xp.nditur.
11~S,: Exe.... at .xp.ndltu,. ov.r lncom.)
~.l~nc. a' et Jl D!c.mbe< !I
lnot. ,)17 1105
JJd U4
...!Lfi!
lli...!tU
!!.!..!.2l
14911 HU)
,!)5 741
14l 99~)
401 b9l~
~ Conslutlnll ott
Unapent allocationsAl10catHJllli 1n OXCt:ll:tM ot (9HuUrCeu
1 b47 ~OU
(~ 14b b4U)6511 Hs
1lli..1lJ)
Al1ocdtlonl:l ~xce.d.d rellource8 48 future ye",' .. a.Llocatlonh were 1••ued on t~. b••18 ctc ~[lhutlor18 CI:!celV4ule in tutu,. ye"r ••
'l'lIe ae.:ompanylnll note' are an int'9ra1 part ot th. Unanela. IIt.t....nt••
S~'A'rllIUI:NT XXIV
UNDP, TRUST FUNDS ADMINISTERED BY UNDP
Tluot fUnd. ,.tabli.n,d bV tn, Admini.trator in r'.Reot of Worla B.nk proj.ct.
Statu. at fund. a. ,t 31 DIc.mber 1~S6
(Unit'd Stat.d dollar.)
INOCM& AND KXP8NDITURK FOR TH8 YBAR
ContrlDutlon. from Gov.rnmentaInter.at incOlll.
Laaa, &xpend1turaPIOJ.Ct coataReimouraemant at programme
auppcrt coat. to execut1n9.98001••
Excee. of income over expenditure(Exce.. of oxpeno1ture over lncome)
A8SBTS
Due tram UNDP
LIABILITI£8 AND UNEXPEND~D RESOURCES
Tru.t Funator 'I'.cnnicd
A•• letanc.in J.malca
(acneaule Ib)!.L!!!!!.!Lill.
414 4bb
...!...illll...!!!'!
(141 B41)
---
(note 5) 57 7417
---
'll ruat Fundfor ~..cnnic.lAaai.t.ncdin P.n.... !I
~7, BJJ41 510
1 HB HJ
b5J Obb
-li.1!~
7U5 JH
>7J UJ4I
'rru.t Fundfor 'l'clcnnicdAaai.tanc.
in z...bi.
(73S)
6 BH
lInUqulaateo ouU9at1one ot eucut 1n9411"0018.
Unexpend.d r••ource.1I.1ano... at 1 JanuaryKKc••• of income over expenditure
(£Xo••• ot expenditure over inoome)
Balanc....t II December !!/
lU 4~' --70 ,bS 1" lbi , ~BB
(!..L.!!!!) 5:I.L.!1.:ll !...U?ll..1£l ns llll Uil57 7417 811l biB b 841J--- --
!I Contrlbution. due tram Uovernm.nta for tne current and prior ye.r. tot.l 16Bo,3B7 (1~851
13141, ,417). A Dreakaown at tlllB .mount by year la provided in note 7,
!!/ Conai.tin9 of,Truat Fund
for '1'echntcA.lAIIBiltanee1n Jamaica
'rruat Funafor 1'ecnnic.lAtiaietanc.
ln Panam.&
'rruet Fundtor '1'echnlcalA.Riatanc.
in Zambia
Unepent alloc.tionoUnencumuered tundBAllocations in exe••a at r••ources
44 8711U 84B
• 7041 oB7
-ill.Lill11~8 ilIJ
1'4o 709
b 841J
The accompanying note. aCl. an integral. part ot the flnancia.L statementa.
8TATDlINT IlllV
UNOPI TIIU8T rUNDI AIIIIIlI8TauO IY UNDP
9th.c tcy.t CYod' ••t'b14.btd bx 'bt ftdl404.tr,toc
8t'ty' oC CYod' ,. ,t 31 ptg'lDIr lp"
CU04t.d 8t't'. dol1,r'l
Tr u.t ruDd torthe Tct40U"l
40 8u191C l' ot8pec4,U.t! CCOll
Dlv.lopl09 Couotr4••
INCOMK AND SXPBNDITURS roR Till 11&.011
Au.tr,U.oDlv.l0Pllot ,...l.t,oo.
SUr.,u IADAII/UNDPPrQ9r_ Tru.t ruDd
Cootc ll>ut1on. CCOll Qov"rrllllot.Intte••t 4000lD!
Lt... &xpaDdHuC!proj.ot oo.t.Rt1I1lbuct...nt oC pCQ9r_ .uppoct
coat. to ~M.cutlng _genc1.a
Slto... ot upaDd1tuC! ov.r 100011.
AS8ST8
(.cOldu.(. 1'1
.J.Llli!.lUll(llJ 4001
Opte.t1og Cund. pcov1<l.Q to '''lOut1D9 ,g.001••Du. tCOII UNDP (oot! 51
LIAIIILITIK8 AND UNBXP&NDBD R&80UAC&8
O~'C.tl09 CuDd. p,y,ol. to •••out4D9 '9.004••Uol1qu1d.t.d ob119.tlon. ot •••out109 '9.001••Du. to UNOP loot. SI
UnupaDd.d c••ouco..B.l.oo.... t 1 J,"UICYExo••• ot ••pand1tu~. ov.c 100011.
8.1Inc... at 3! DloslIIOer !I
!I (;on.1.t109 OCI
Un.pant .11ce.t10n.Unencumu.ced tUnd.Allocations 1n .XC••• ot , ••oure••
40 'U40 'll
======
.0 051(.n_ll1)
1!....W.40 Ul=
Tc ~.t ruDd Cocthe TC!10109
10 IU191C1' ot8pec1,U.t. CCOll
p!V.l0R40i OOuotc1_.
II 604H 830
SJ4 on(llLJi!I.l
!n...illS48 173
=
Aulltctl1.oOIv.lOP11ot AI.4It'oo.
suc••u (ADAII/UNDPPCOllC.., Tcu.t ruDd
Th. accollp.oy109 not•• ,r. '0 10t'9r'l p,rt ot th. t101oo1.1 .t.t...ot••
-105-
ST~TIM&NT ~~V (oontlnu~dl
ClDA/UNDPTruat rund tortha c.r lbDean
pr<>jaotIlIIvdoiJIMht
raolUty
INllOMI AND BXPBNDITURII FOR TKII: lIKAIl
ClDA/UNDPTruat Fund
for the P4kutanNatlonal House"<>ldSurvey ~dp..olllty
prO\lral'Ol1le !/
UNDP 'I'ruut ~'uno
tor Rltcupt otPaymttntu uy
UIi4tUl (,.)1 thtt
(.;a( 101;)8411 prOject
IlllvH!opmunt~'dCll1ty
Contr1outlona frOlll Qoverllllente andotner oontrloutora
lAaaa II:xpendltureProJeot ooataRelllbur.....nt of progr_
aupport ooeta to executinga..encl..
II:xce.s of ineaa. over expenditure
Alibll:'I'S
lli.ill .lli....llQ .!Lill
46~ HY H7 lUU 4.< 799
...ll..lli1U...ill. lli...l.U .!Lill17Y 70Y .. OS U.17
--- --- ---
Operatln.. funds provlded t~ eXeDutln..a..enelea
We frOlll UNDP (note 51
LIAlilLlTlBS AND UNEXPIl:NDIl:D RKBOURCBS
Unl1quldated ooli..atlona of exeoutlnge..ene..s
Unexpended r••ouro••Bal.noe aa at 1 JanuaryIl:Xc..a of lncOlll8 over expendlture
Balance u at 31 lleoe.b<lr 2/
~
.ill.....lQ! ~
41» 7U» l!l.!!..m17Y 7UY .. ll> 645
---- --- ---!/ Contrloutiona ~ue fro. Qovarn8enta for the ourrent year total tYI4,5YU. A oreakdown of thls
amount by year la provlded ln note 7.
Unapent allocatlonaUnenoul1U>ere<J tundaA!looationN 1n exc••• ot ,.aouro••
~lDA/UNDP
'1'[uat rund tortne c.r lbDean
projectOIvel°iJIMnt
"01l1t)'
174 7814 »"S
17~ 7U9
ClDA/UNDP'l'ruat Fund
tor the PaklstanNatlonal Bous.noldBurv~y Capabl11ty
PrO\lrMWe
1 1.... 617
IY14 590)
..OS U27
UNDP Trust Fundtor Rece1pt at
Payments byUsers at the
Car 10bean proJect.Development~'acll1ty
Allocation. exce.ded c••auree••• future y••r.- a!!ooat1ona were 1••ued on tne b•• iw of contributionsree.lvacie in current y••r.
The accompany.n.. notea are an Int...ral part of the flnanclal atatementa.
.,.".,., .. "---,,--,,._---_._----
p'I'A'I'l:JoI.Il:N'I' XXV (continued)
UNOP 'I'ruatFund tor
AotJ"un onDevtilopment
la6U...
IN~~ AND ~XP~NOITU~ FOR THE y~
UNOP 1'r uat Fundtor tjupport tothe progralNH:ltet the Mlnutry
at P!annln..at ;;oete R1ce !I
UNllP 'fruat I'\Ind torAlalatanoe to the
~ohnloOl co-operationFund between Peru
and Ar..entlna toAd.lnl.ter rood Aid
Contr 1butlona tram (ioyerrunents andotnar oontrluutorM
Interest inoome
LeBM' I::xpendltureProject CUllt.Relmbur.ement at pr09ramme
aupport coata to executing498"01••
Admlnlatrative and pr09rammeauppor t coata
~xceSD at income over expenditure(~XC.UUI ot expend1ture OVel income)
ASSI::'I";
(echeduh 16) HO 000
HO 000
~b7 793
4H J~O
016 lU3
103 U17
.41 ~l~
..!J1..ill
.ill...ill.
-!...!.!2-!...!.!2
253 612
-Lill_..Lill
49 835
..ll....ll!
..!§.....2.ll
(633UI
0VOCiJ,ting fund .. provided to .~.cut1no
ayenc1••Oue tram UNOP lnote ~j
LIABILITl~ ANO UNKXP~NO~O RKBOUKC~
Unliquidated 0011..atlona at exeout1ng41:10001••
Unexpended reacure.aIldanee aa at 1 JanuaryEKo..a at Income over expenditure
(EKc..a 01 expenditure over Income)
Ildanoe aa at Jl DeoelDbar !!/
••• 5..
••3 ~2'
104 174
l~ 5JJ
103 tiplU 3~0
223 524
167 ~74
ill.lli56~ 6~8
316 046
~li.W.
lli-ill569 658
121 034
~
342 100--405 4Y4
.11Lllil
.lli...W3~2 100
!I Contrlbutlona due from QavernDllnta tor the our rent and prior yeara total '449.~5. (1985.'J4b.61~). A breakdown at tnla amount by year la provided In note 7.
~ COnalatln.. of.
Unspent allocation.Unencumuvleu LundaA..lioodt1ons in exe••• at resource&
UNOP TruatFund f",.
Action onDeva!oplMnt
luuea
lU J50
11~ 3~0
UNOP 'lruat Fundfor Support tothe Pr09r_aof the Mlnl.try
of Pla','I1"9Of COat. RI"'~_
1 001 7L~
~ll...!lll
~6~ 6~8
UNOP Truat Fund forAllalatanoe to the
Tach~loal Co-operetlonI'\Ind between hru
and Ar..entina toAd.lnl.t,r rood Aid
4~6 1654~ ~H
342 IOU
=Allocatlona exceeded re.ourcea aa future yeara' allocatlona were laaued on the baala of oontrlbutlona
rttC81VllOlu 1n tilt! current and pt: ior y••r ...
The .ccompanylng note. are an Inte.. ral part of the flnanolal atatementa.
-107-
UTATKM&NT XXV (ccncludMd)
UNCP/l.ive Mdround.tionTru.t rund
UNCP/UnitedSupport
cf ArU.Ufer Afr io.'rru.t fund
Government otrunoe T. u.t rundfor tne UNCP/WOOdB.nk &Rergy Seotor
Aa......nt Prograllll1le !I
1NCOMK ANC BXPBNC1TURII FOR Till YBAR
Contrloution. fra. Government••ndetnMr oontributor.lA... Expendituu
projeot oo.t.Reillbur.....nt of prOllr_
.upport co.t. to executing
.g.nci..Adalni.trative and programme
.upport co.t.
""c••• ot lnoome over expenditure
(.ohedule 16)
656 DU
--.ill...JLb1.6~4 2Y~
....!!!....ill11.Ll!!14J 5n
AtiUETU
Op~::.ting fund. provlded to executingag.noie.
Oue trom UNOP (note 5)
LIABILITl~ AND UNKXPKNC&C REUOURC&b
Account. payableOper.ting tund. p.y.ble to ..eoutin\!
.genoi.,.Unllquid.ted oblig.tlon. ot exeouting
.geno18.
6J BB~
160 646
27Y 002
Un.xpended r..ouroe.B.lance •• at 1 J.nuaryExoe•• of income OVer expenditure
Bdance ...t H Dacemoar !y..!Lill...!Lill.
YJ YJY
624 4Y~
6H ~Y~
YOJ ~V4
!!LW.lli...ll1.1435H
!I Contribution. due from (iovernmc1lte tor the current ye.. tot.l ,60U.6.B. A or..Kdown 01 th18amount 0'/ year 1. prOVided 1n note 'I.
£I Con.18tln~ ot.
Un.pont .lloc.tlon.Unencumbered tunuM
UNCP/L1V. Aldfoundatlun
.-!!..!!.!lJJ!!!!L41 454
UNCP/Unlt.obupport
ot Artht.tor Afr le.'l'ru.t Fund
6" ~V~
Guve,'went utrranoe 'llrult runetor the UNCP/WorloBanK Energy tiectur
A•••••lnttnt Provramm.
143 5.7
41 454
The accomp.nying note••re .n integr.l p.rt of the fin.nci.l et.temente.
-lnR_
ec.. a'~"""jllt_ 1....._
!XC.IIIV. GUTT... alNDING
WTATMlON'f XXV!
UNDP I 'fRUiT rUNDlI AIlIIIN!WTIllUI:IJ WY UNDP
2tt!'f tru.S IUOd' 14.401'$"'9 ox UNO'
Ut..". oC CMod' It t5 lA POO••'..uu
unit,d NatloneTllI.t "'nd
tor OperatAon.l'[011_.1/1 Ltl9tho Y
!NCOIlI MD 1l1lPllNDITDIUl 'OR 'IHII: YIWI
Unit..: Iltt1"".Tru.t runG eor'lovU10n oCapertUont!
ID"ll) ....on..lin IW.Ill.no
UlIDPDon1_nt
.tlldr'.01._ tI
Voluntary oante 1Llut10nll f:oo GoY'fM.nt.l"t.r••t inoOlMMll1Ol,u.•n.oul lnoOCH (n.t)
[,ell. Ixpendltur.'ro·,.ot oo.t.biabt,,ull...nt 01 p«~r.....u..port
oo.t. tu •••outJ,nv '9.ne 1••
Adj-....t..nt to pr ior yl.r.' prOljJr.'Kpenclltur. tn.t)
Adju.t..nt to pr 10r y••", prOljJr..upport oo.t. (n.t)
bo'" of iOQOM ov,r .xpenditUl'"(bo••• 01: expenditure over lnoOlH)
I\IlWllTll
10V'ltMntlOper.ti,... fund. prOVided to .x.(U,IU09 '9.001••Du. trOll UND'Acoounte r.o.hlul. and d.f.rred OhAf9"
LIAIIILITlllll MD DHllXP";,IDID RUOUlICllll
UnU'iu1datlu oDU~atlonl ot exeout1r\9 .~enole.
Du. to UNU'
Une.prenaed r••curoe •... .Laoo••• at 1 J.nuarr.xe••1I at inoOflll ov.r Ixpenditure
(bUI•• at liCpencHturl OV_1t 1nCCHH)
aalanol .1 at tl Lleclllber 21
(.on.du.L. ~U)
Inot! ~)
lnot. ~I
1b7 VU
..J.Ll!H!n V7J
lbi o~.)
...Jl..ll1.)
liLlli
181 n~l
~~1 .U!H U'~b U7
UV lb.
=====
lib
LI'
=au
• a.~--!b.....ill.• au
70 00010 ...
61.U
1I7U
=--
3100••
..J2..Rii3600..-......JLWm..w.a.o 0..
t/ Contribution. dUI tr~ UOverRlHnt. t.or the ourrent ancs prior y••r. totaJ. 'J.•• ,»~. (1"'~" 1111). A br•••down 01tni. allQunt Dy Ylar 1. ~rov1d.Q 1n note 7.
El ContriDl.ltion. dUI hOll QoVlItrNHnt. tur the ourrent and prior y••r. tot.'" ,JU,UOO U".~u ,10,OUO). A bre.kdownof thil amount by r.ar 11 provided to not. 7.
21 ~onI1.t1n" uf.
Unlpent allocation.Unlnou.~r.d fundi
Unit.a N.Uonl'" .Ylt Fund
; ... r Operationa!Pcog .
1n othO
United ...tiOR'Trult FUnd 1(\('r",vi.ion ofOperational
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UliDP: UHITlW NATIONS OB.VgWPMJ::lllt' PROGRAMME ACCOUtfT
GovecnmenU' C4sn counc.erpact cont.r 2,t)Otl0ns as at 11 De<::elllDec hag
(United &tates dollars)
Recotded 10tne cu"en~ yea.' eoHected i.n 19t:1b Co3?o<.i.on ot oalanee
For 1986 Yot For 1986 Po, .For 1~a5 roe 19ti7Balance o1S at and tuture and futuce Balance aB at and and
Government 31 Di:cemrJeor 1':t8!J prior; y.ars yeal:B Total prLor yeArs year5 total H DeeelDber 1986 prior y&&ts For 1986 tuture :feara
A1gerla 380 ,08 2 .tOl .. Jl 1 b4J ,00 4 ••S .41 ~ 660 ~ 660 • US 181 16S S31 2 .0. 1.9 164) SOO.Ba.1l91adesh 100 214 100 214 100 .1. 100 214Bol1vla 10. 4~7 O·... d 45.7 2Ua 4:>7 .lOO .S7 200beaul 1 6>1 864 1 6S3 864 1 060 l80 1 0.0 l80 S93 S8. SH S84BuclW U.I:I3.1 1 "!il 13 440 ,U ~20 14t !i~O 12. 326C4IIIeCOOf'. 6<9 3SS SS SS9 16 .SS 691 369 273 S49 273 S•• .n 820 204 890 ~6 .22 116708Central African
1{4!'Ijl'lJD.L.1c 247 JuS U01d" 4J8 1.!J,t; 4JtI lSl 2.7 JC:t.e 1.0 184CnlJ.-: 10 221 18 28S l8 Sll 10 l21 j: 67~ 13 .99 14 6.lJ 14 6UColOl1bia ~~J 601 H 611 1 009 .98 !tQl dYS S6J .9, 44S .01 1,. S~1 .tUb aObCOsta Rica 1 18S .l1l:f!t 1 18S 1 18SECuador 20 96. :lU ~~II ;to ¥bH ~o '!I6d&jypt 1 8S3 S20 (.56 SUI lS9 !)& 1 S56 217 741 1.1 54 151 80.1: .7l 753 7.S :l.11 lS9 l63 376 2S~ UOGceec:e .ttll b~8 ~t» Uti: 4tl tltl6 JS7 72. ~B u. ~o U. 2S~ S.H la 050 lU SS6 U5 ~8l
Guat6f101a. 37 S33 (8, 24 141 61 666 )0 ~97 30 897 30 16~ 6 .28 2.141Hondurallo 878 lU 878 211 343.t0.., 42 .37 385 .45 4i'2 36~ US U1 83 000 21. l.9l'Iung4ry 9 US 676 9991 9 9~1 9991India US 190 •• J~~ lU S89 98 194 98 194 4J HS .3 3951t'4n CI.l.ate
Repuol1c of) 15aJ 224 1 801 1 807 1 H01Jaaaiea 59 215 Ha 68. .39 691, 911 590 467 093 .71 853 63. 946 218644 10 806 261 838KetlY4 III 949 53170 106 ;40 283 .S9 28.3 4S!iI 80 14. 203 USLao People·.
DellOCl'aUcRltp.1blic 10.5U C..dt 0.1.7) (.19 8941
lAbanon 316 176 376 376MaLaysia 10 59. 10 S92 10 5~2 10 592...U 378 969 62 201 .41 170 441 170 .U 170Kal1d.t1UD 4 OS9 1 e5J U 912 • 059 U4 • 113 7 738 7 139Korocco 47 803 1 ,HS 09,) tlOot "tI 2 16S 674 3U 544 331. 54.. .1 tl3t ,130 983 S49 8S0 581MozoUIlbJ.quo 47 ~16 1 713 55 jJ.9 SS J29 12 09S 43 234Niq.ria 179 H8 (131 6601 41 688 n 6H8 Jl 192 15896Pf!Klatlln 849 690 (21 J.571 19 199/ 819 33. S880.. 167 066 7SS 090 •••44 64 244Pa1"49u ollY 25 673 10 666 H 08~ S7 .28 lS l27 lS '27 42 .01 IS 005 H 196PI'1Ul~in•• 299 420 118~ J961 IU~ 93.' (~ 9101 (9910, (9 910,Poland J2 742 (' 1811 38 74S bS JO& 65 30b 7 733 10 610 n 963Republic ot KQf•• 10 600 16 ,1J. 46 »!)l 10 6HO JO .eo 16 l11 16 ,71Saud1 Araoia U 98. 942 \U 673 9131 • 623 79H 5 93. 821 314 175 713 148 1 081 S23 • OH 30. • • ., 304Seneg.. l 68 961 11 J1~ 80 .t80 .0 l.O 00 .80$<>NUa 602 707 15 256 1 711 62S 7.0 81 9S0 .1 950 543 798 383 OS3 1S, 96ll 7 777l)UQln .0 163 236 1~4 '96 357 7tj UH 79 051 217 106 4tj OOJ. J.68 24STogO H 621 7. 627 ,. o;t7 74 621Tuni.l. 4S 67. 6S1 H6~ 4~6 711 1 194 .S8 1 194 2S8 17 10S 680442 496111T\lCkOy 7 953 10 78S 111780 UOS17 18 S60 2 667 ,U l~1 109 '90 117 109 113Ug.ndoll 10 6&2 13 8741 6 988 6988 • 988Un».ted "'roD
2al~4tq8 48 OH c8 01. 48 014 .0 074Ui\l9Uay " OllB 1 1H4 S 882 2 3S3 2 353 3 S2:t 3 S29Ven••ueh 6J 122 172 3S0 130 5.S 365 997 21. 60. 2U 606 1S3 391 22866 no 525YU~08I..Yi.a • 09> lS 000 13 238 J2 330 15000 11 330 32 33Q:l.allb1a ev ~)5 (l0 4061 \2. 632) J2 .S1 32 4~7 11 313 15 14.
Fund tot.l 21 .8; 121 (S 040 ~241 8 ,H 902 ..is .Jtl7 ~os " 11>1 ~61 1 113 H8 1 13S 199 18 O~, 106 2 15. 656 !I 6 !S8 271!1 9 73~ 779
= = 1"~rJ =
~/ Cont.UbUtions outataMi.ftq: ~Q( 1""50 "'1111: puor year 2 H4 6S~
ContciDUt'on:lo wtatlim;il"9 for l~llb U1!!L.ill.8 312 9.1
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SCHEDULE 4
UNDP: UNI'l'ED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ACCOUNT
~Iiscellaneous income and expenditure for the year ended 31 December 1986
(U~ited States dollars)
1985
50 336 410 Income from invel:ltmE'dts
~,4 471\ Interest on construction 10l\ns
Miscellaneous incon,~ from3ccounts of executing
2 4;1 417 agencies (net)
Prior year interest oncost-sharintj ,'ontributionstransferred to extrabudgetary
(5 102 072) resources
Refund of prior year interestearned on:Trust fund contributions (1 725 077)Advances for management
service agreements (939 317)
1986
53 944 562
269 935
3 451 154
(4 1195 495) ~/
(2 664 394)
3 339 936(60 790)735 26716 100
43 557 134------
Net sunnry income (expenditure):Savings in liquidating
obligations of priorbier.nium
Bank cbdrgesOther
Net adjustments on revaluationof currencies and gains/losseRon exchange (note 1 (c»
4 014 413
73 816 159
91 301 L67 Tot~l (statement I) 127 936 334
!!/ Transfer to extrabudgetary income for programmf' and anminiRtrativesupport in field officeR (schedule 7),
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SCHEDULE 6.1
UNO?: UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMf,NT PROGRAMME ACCOUNT
ExpllnrHture against lJNDP core activities by major category ofexpenditure for the year ended 31 December 1986
(United States dollars)
Un 1iqu ida tedol-ligations
Diabursements as atin 1986 31 Oecember 1986 Total
Salaries and waqes 60 /23 702 385 906 61 109 608
Common staff costs 31 750 960 4 206 846 35 957 806
1'ravel on official business 2 685 194 436 484 3 12] 678
Contractual services 1 815 749 654 334 2 470 083
General operating expenses 15 283 159 2 304 867 17 588 026
nupplieR and materials 1 998 056 192 724 2 190 780
Acquisition of furnitureand equipment 2 814 850 1 633 072 4 447 922
UNDP's share of joint activitieswithin the United Nation system 1 473 370 1 313 121 2 786 491
Total 118 545 040 11 127 354 129 672 394
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SCHEDULE 8
UNDP: UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ACCOUNT
Expert hiatus financing, extended sick leave costs and compensationvayments for the year ended 31 December 1986
(Unite" States dollars)
1986
Expert hiatus financing
11 943 lLO 10 731249 317 FAO 263 645
4 589 ICAO 20 992United Nations, Department of Technical
12 741 Co-operation for Development 13 598
278 590 308 966
Extended sick leave
United Nations, Departm9nt of Technic~l
36 030 Co-operation for Dev~lopment 23 23566 895 UNlDO 17 45314 758 ILO
297 668 FAO 153 6489 025 ICAO (119)
25 587 ITU 10 04411 079 UNESCO 21 69921 750 UNCTAD
4B2 792 225 960---
Compensation payments to expertR -financially completed projects
ICAO 83340 311 UNIDO 41 491
40 311 42 324----BO! 693 1'ota 1 (statement Xl 577 250=""';".',=,=
-129-
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UNlJPI UNI'l'ED NATION!! lJI';VLl.UI'Mb:N'1' l'Il<XlIUlWlli ACCllUN'I'
InveetmentB aB at 31 D~cember 19116
(Un1ted btates dollars)
I ntcre:Jt19115 Type Currency Idte BUn
Current accountB
2 623 Austrian schillin~e 0.5000 ,,1 1144III 556 Btllgian francs ,y 10 712
362 1211 Canadian dollarB ,y 91 114"15 394 DaniBn Kroner !Y 3l 14774 Ob8 DtIutect", :1<H K 0.5000 665 672
11"1 648 Finnish markKaa 0.5000 21 33044 744 French trancB !Y 125 7Gb
III 1154 Iaueli .hekeLS ~.I 11 1018 347 HaUan lire !I 7 711
141 429 Japanese yen 1.5000 465 2301 731 146 Netnerlands gU11ders !I 1 009 059
36 439 Norweg1an kroner !I ,,47 34440 117 Pounds Bter Ung !I 201 127
1 1114 senegaleBe CFA trancs !I 1 36"36 5311 Swedisn kronor !I 590 26029 074 SWlS. francs 0.2500 191 046
_ 19 1711 United States doll~rB 5.,,500 141 991
2 791 067 Total 3 1131 544
Interest-bearIng accountB
7 63l 194 United StateB dollare 13.0000 3 9116 1945 1194 1I3b United State. dollare b.0470 446 217
-.2..114 271 United StateB dollars 6.3750 1 441 271
III 640 301 Total 5 d1l3..ill
Call account.~
United State. dollars >.2500 4115 000AUBtralian dollarB U.5000 412 903AUBtrian SChillings 4.5000 1113 099Btl19ian francs 6.7500 UO 476Canadian dollars 7.0000 1 293 4711Danish kroner 8.0000 307 b511DaniBh kroner 7.5000 .;;76 667OeutBche mark 4.0000 3~2 500Finn;sh mArkkaa 10.5000 545 9l1lFrellc-h trancB 7.2500 467 275lr 1B'1 pounlls 1I.5000 164 159ItaU"" Un 10.00011 439 HIINorwBglan kroner 14 .0000 565 563Spall1sh pes. tas 14.7500 319 699Swedish kronor 9.50UO 5119 130SW1BB trano.: 2.0000 252 ll7bPounds Bter.Ling 10.1250 1 107 143
3l 7117 9117 'rota1 11 003 592
Deposit-at-not1c.
-.!...S69 000 Japanese yen 6.2500 1. 546 1175
-131-
llCl1l::0ULE 10 (continued)
Interest1985 Type Cuaency rllte 1986
1'ime-deposi to!Un'ted States dollare ~3.0000 ~O 000 000United Stat"s dollars 1~.0000 10 000 000United States doUau 9.2500 10 000 000Unit"d Stlltes dollars 6.3125 15 000 000United St"tes dollars H.OOOO 10 000 000united States dollars 0.0000 10 000 000Unit"d Stutes dollars 6.0000 5 000 000united StateB dollar. 0.0000 10 000 000united States dollars o.JOOO 10 000 000United StateB dollar. 6.0000 10 000 000unJ.tea State. dollars 6.0000 10 000 000United Stlltes dollars 6.0000 10 000 000United stat.. dollar. 8.5000 10 000 000UnH.ed State. dollars 0.3125 iO 000 000United State. dollan 6.4375 5 000 000united State. dollars 8.062~ 10 000 000United Statee dQllars 8.0l>~5 10 000 000Unit.ed States dolli1r. 6.1250 5 000 000United Stat•• dollar. 6.1250 10 000 000united States dollars 6.1250 3 100 000Urllted States doUar. 5.9003 5 000 000Urited Stilt.. dollar:: 6.0625 1 500 000unitf>d Statlls doUan 6.0000 2 07Y 068United State. dollar. 6.0625 1 400 000UnHf'd Slates dollars 5.8400 3 000 000United States dollar. 6.0000 2 600 000united State. dollar. 6.0625 2 000 000United States dollar. 6.00'10 2 000 000United States dollars 5.7500 200 000
275 326 688 United St"tes dollars 6.5625 4 300 000 217 17Y Ob8
Australian dollars 10.4000 b45 HlAustralian dollars .l6.05uO 1 290 323
5 741 37~ Australian dollars 15.7000 1 290 J2~ 3 225 800
Austrian 8chillings 5.9000 704 225Austrian SChiilinqs 5.3000 1 05£> J38Austrian ilchiiiinqs 5.8000 704 220 464 789
b ilb 471 ~"i"lan francs 7.2500 238 0~5
Canadian dollars 8.1250 2 1198 55013 599 b311 Canadidn dollars 1l.i250 5 8b9 5bb 8 7611 HI>
Danish kroner 9.7500 i 333 JJ3Danisn Kronar 9.7500 4 '/06 6b7Danish kroner 9.7500 1 JJ3 JJ3DanUlh kr01U:tC 9.7500 1 JJ3 333DlIniBh kroner 10.2500 1 JJ] 3J4 10 040 000
Deulschu mark 5.5000 14 500 000Deutsche marK. 4.9375 10 000 000Deutsche marK 4.6875 6 ;lSO 000Deulsche mark 4.9375 5 000 000Deutsch.. mark 4 5625 6 '.00 000Deutae"e marK 4.5b2~> 4 000 000Deutache mtHk 4.2500 12 500 000Deut~"hp mark 4.5000 lQ 000 000
11 HO O'JO Deutsche marK 4.6250 2 700 064 71 450 064
-13:'-
til:Ul:;l.lULl> lU (contlnuedl
Intere.. tHH5 'l'ype Currency rate lllH6
1'lme-deposl tfl(continued)
~'innlsh mtlrkkaa U.5UOO Hl6 3~7
Flnnish markkatl l1. l~50 40H 163~'innlSh markkaa U.UOUU 408 163Finnish markkaa l1.5000 408 lIdFinnish m,ukk5a 11.5000 6l~ ~45
~'innish markk,,1' l1.5000 bl~ 245Finnish markkaa l1. 5000 612 245
642 2U2 Finnish markkaa l1.5000 !!l..lli 4 489 796
~'l'ench francs lO.U50 2 7Jll 726FrenCh francs H.5000 1 522 070FrenCh francs 7.6250 1 522 070French francs l.OOOO 3 H05 l75French francs 1.0000 3 805 l75FrenCh francs 7.l875 l~ l'16 560
lO 326 797 French trancs 1I.25UO 3 805 175 211 375 95l
Italian lire lO.8l25 H 633 093Italian llCe l1. ~500 2l 582 734Italian lire l1.5125 2 f1'/i 698Italian lire 1l.Jl~5 ~ 43H 8411
3 bl5 l60 Italian lire 13.9000 4 316 547 3H 84H !:21
Japanese yen 5. l250 7 500 000Japanese yen 4.6tl75 lO 781 250Japanese yen 4.6500 6 250 000Japanese yen 6.1250 10 000 000Japanese yen 4.5625 3 l~5 000Japanese yen 4.8125 9 375 000Japanelle yen 4.7500 9 375 000Japanese yen 4.9000 6 250 000Japanese yen 4.4063 3 l25 000Japanese yen 4.6875 9 375 000Japanese yen 4.4500 6 250 000Japanese yen 4.4375 3 l25 000
41> 750 OUO Jap"nese yen 4.4375 5 000 000 811 5.ll 250
Netherlands g.,ilders 1>.7500 4 444 445rlether lands guilders 5.1>~50 4 444 445Nether4ands guild'Jrs 6.1300 4 444 444Netherlands guilders 5.2500 6 666 667Netherlands guilders 6.7.500 11 Hl 111Netherlands '~uilders 5.4375 4 444 445Netherlands guilders 5.0625 5 333 3J3Netnerlands guj 1 ders 5.0000 4 444 445Netherlands guIlders 5.2500 8 8118 8119Netherlands guilders 5.2500 4 444 445Netherlands guilders 5.\1375 I> 1>66 667Netllerlands guilders 5.06~5 5 333 333
3l 785 714 Netherlands quilders 5.tl750 _2_ll.Lill. n. 888 8110
-133-
SCHEDULE 10 (concluded)
lnterestL985 'rype Currency rate 1986
Time-deposits(continued)
Norwegian kroner 14 .1875 397 351Norwegian kroner 14.5000 2 317 881Norwegian kroner 14.5000 2 H7 881Norwegian kroner 14.5000 1 3:.:4 503Norweglan kroner 14.5000 5 298 013Norwegian kroner 14.4375 1 986 755Norwegian :lroner 14.437~ 1 324 503Norwegian kroner 14.3750 1 986 756Norwegian kroner 14.3750 1 324 504
3 576 159 Norwegian kroner 14.5000 1 324 503 111 602 650
Spanish pesetas H.OOOO 751 880Spanish pesetas 11.0000 751 880Spanish pesetas 11.0000 751 880Spanish pesetas 11.0000 'i51 8711 3 007 519
Swedish kronor 8.3000 1 449 275Swedish kronor 8.3000 7 246 377Swedish kronor 8.3500 1 449 275Swedish kronor 8.3500 7 246 377Swedish kronor 8.3500 1 449 275Swedish kronor 8.3500 7 246 377Swedish kronor 8.3500 1 449 275Swedish kronor 8.3500 7 246 377Swedish kronor 8.3125 1 449 275Swedish kronor 8.3125 7 246 377Swedish kronor 8.1875 1 449 275Swedisll kronor 8.2500 7 246 377Swedish kronor 8.1875 1 449 276
5 882 353 Swedish kronor 8.2500 7 246 377 60 869 565
Swiss francs 4.1875 4 166 667Swiss francs 3.6250 3 571 428Swiss trancs 4.1875 3 571 428Swiss francs 3.8125 3 571 428Swiss francs 4.1250 3 571 429Swiss francs 3.8750 3 571 429
5 311 005 Swiss trancs 4.1:l50 1 928 571 B 952 380
Pounds ster ling 11. 0625 571 429
439 893 616 1'otal 671 938 438
Investments held in field offices
62 500 Argentinian australesJamaican dollars 14.2600 641 026Tunisian diniHs 3.5000 200 000
62 500 Total ---!!!! 0:l6
494 744 471 Grand total (statement 11) 676 611 008
~ Interest rate varies.-134-
SCHtlOULE U
UNOV, UN 1'1'1>0 NA'f IONS OIllV1>l.OPMl>N'f PROORJlMMl> ACCOUN'I'
InvtH:.itments ot tne operatIon.>! reaerve as at 3i !leeemller lYM6
\Unlteu states dollars)
InterestHM5 'I'ype Currency r4te l~Mt>
Call accountli
54M %1 klounas ate, ling
'l'ime-deposits
llnlted states doUars 7.0000 Y ~~M U5U"ited States dollars t>.0313 5 000 000Un ited states dollars 6.0000 5 000 000UnIted states dollars t>.06.5 5 000 000United states dollars 6.06.5 6 000 000UnIted States dollars t>.7500 10 000 000
50 22M 125 United States dollars 6.6563 10 000 000 50 ••8 125
Canadian dollars 8.1.50 1 J76 811Canadian dollars 6.5000 3 188 406Canadian dollars 8.0b.5 ~ 536 ~H
t> 690 U'I Canadian dollars M.Ob.5 2 898 551, 10 000 000
DeutRche mark. 4.6.50 4 799 937Oeuteche marK 4.6.50 7 500 000Deutsene mark 4.4000 7 500 000Oeutschs mark 4.4375 5 000 000Deutscn" mark 4.56.5 5 000 000
J'I M39 950 Deutscns marK. 4.4375 7 500 000 37 ~9Y Y37
Japanese yen 4.4J75 1 250 000Japanese y"n 4.3750 6 .50 000Japanese yen 4• .1750 b ~50 000
20 000 000 Japanese yen 4. J"/50 6 .50 000 ~o 000 000
Netherlanrts 9ullders 5.8750 6 666 667Netller lands guilders 5.t>.50 4 444 444
15 000 000 NetherlandS 9uilders 5.5000 L~ .0 000 000
607 655 Swiss trancs 4.1~50 OH 810
Vounds ster lln9 11.0625 M57 143451 039 Pounds ster lin9 11.06.5 14. 857 000 000
Participation in Wor Id BanKloans and bonds
Unl ted tltates dollars 10.31l00 la 000 000United tltates dollars 9.2300 5 000 000UnIted tltates dollars 8.3100 20 000 000United tltates dollars 6.6400 10 000 000
49 nl MJ5 United tltates dollars U.6100 4 77.1 875 49 771 875, 160 O~O Deut6che mar k 6.7500 ~ 700 063
392 345 Swis. trance 4.3750 2 Y76 190
Currencies other than United Stat"sdollars - Otller 'Jm::ur itiea
309 7MJ Cana.dlan dollars
.00 000 000 'fotal (statement 11) ,00 000 000
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Bal
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as
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SCII&J)ULE 14
UNDP: UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMEN'l' PROGRAMME ACCOUNT
Office for Projects Execution
Schedule of programme delivery and programme support cost incomefor the year ended 31 DeCember l~S(
(United States dollars)
United Nations Development Programme
Indicative planning figuresIndicative planning figures - add-on fundsSpecial prQ9ramme resourcesSpecial Measures Fund for the Least Developed
CountriesCash counterpart
United Nations Fund for Population Activities
D6velopment training and communications planning
Disbursementsin 1986
32 958 487240 405
5 025 all
1 636 591550 755
40 411 249
615 716
Programme deliveryUnliquidlltedobligations
as at31 December 1~86
12 439 81613 166
4 OOb 181
487 06349 816
16 996 042
Totaldelivery
in 1986
45 398 303253 571
9 031 192
2 123 li54600 571
57 407 291 Y
615 716
PrQ9ralMlesupportcost
earningsin 1986
4 993 81327 893
988 1102
233 60221 020
6 265 130
1 483
Trust funds
Trust Fund for Asslstance to COlonial COuntriesand Peoples
Unlted Nations Capital Development FundUnlted Nations Trust Fund for Sudano-Sahelian
Activltiesunited Nations Financing System for SCience
and TeChnology for DevelopmentUnited Nations Special Fund for Land-locked
Develo~~ng COuntriesUnited Nations Development Fund for womenUNDP Energy AccountInitial Initi~tive Against Avoidable
Disablement (IMPACT)Trust Fund for the Training in the USSR of Specialists
from Developing COuntriesTrust Fund for Special NetherlandS COntributions
for the Least Developed COuntriesUNO? Trust Fund for Developing Countries Afflicted by
Famine and MalnutritionUNOP Trust Fund for Econ~ic and Technical
co-operation among Developing CountriesUNDP Trust Fund for Assistance to Refugee-related
Development Projects in AfrlcaUNDP Trust Fund to COmbat Poverty and Hunger in AfrlcaTrust Fund for Tecnnlcal Asslstance in Jamaica'rrust Fund for Tecnnlcal Assistance in Panua're ust Fund for Technical Assistance in Zal1lbiaAustralian Deve,\opment Asslstance Bureau (ADAB)/UNDP
PeQgeamme T[us~ FundUNDP Trust Fund f.'r AcUon ln Development IssuesUNDP Development s~udy ProgrammeUnite~ Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control
Office foe projects Executlon/IFAD agreementprojects £I
Management service agreementS
Total
!/ As shown in statement V.
218 U6 67 651 286 '2774 257 471 & 489 1156 10 747 3:.l7
7 1'2!1 5811 2 35~ 511 9 489 099
2 907 559 653 4511 3 561 017
1 065 52 024 53 0891 003 953 317 745 1 321 6981 '256 036 U8 828 1 674 864
121 646 15 909 137 555
2U 358 710 223 068
8311 259 612 332 1 450 591
639 654 li97 12~ .I. 336 783
13:.l 696 125 444 258 140
144 144 91 l14 235 256.I. 015 523 205 032 1 220 555
24 466 24 466468 642 l64 U4 653 0&"
(738) (738)
159 Ul 15~ <Ill863 6l!1 104 174 967 793
56 9711 4 !lll!l &1 !l454 487 315 445 33" 4 932 647
:I5 9&1 869 12 825 842 38 793 111
253 536 65 101 318 637
24 801 091 3 920 826 2B 721 923
92 049 467 33 807 811 125 857 278
37 216537 367
759 l26
124 299
5 84051 06361 838
24 537
98 804
25 878U4 261
.I. 22426 122
(37)
1592411 390
337 354
2 21'1 8~6
407 807
1 065 563
10 014 87!1
~I The amount of $318,637 represents actual expenditure incurred by tne Oftlce tor Projects Execution on oena1f ofIFAD. The support cost earnings of $407,807 represent reimour3ement to the Office for Projects Execution of supervisory,1nd oth<1'[ services ln respect of prO'Jrume delivery of $30, 340,l!lO 'flnanced by IFAD.
-138-
SCllZliUl.oE 1~
UNDP: mUTED NATIONS DevELOPMENT PROGIl.AHIlIl ACCOUNT
Summary of income and expenditure tor the years 198~ to 1986
(MilllOns ot United State,; dollars)
1982 1983 1984 198~ 1986 Total
INCOME
COntributions from Government,; and othercontributors:
Voluntary contriDutions a7'j.7 697.8 651.1 6a2.8 7811.7 3 480.1Less: T,ans~ers to government local
otfice cOllts (J.9) 13.4) (1.3)
679.7 697.11 1051.1 10511.9 7s!>.3 3 ~72.1I
Assessed programme costs 0.3 0.1 0••Voluntary contr ibutions for tbe Special
Measures Fund tor tne Least DevelopedCountries 16.4 J.6.J. 13.6 J.0.5 J.2.0 611.10
COst-Sbaring contributiotis 75.3 94.4 S4.0 92.0 10S.'j 454.6Casb counterpart contributions tor
projects 8.1 5.4 8.5 6.6 7.3 35.9
779.8 S13.7 757.3 768.0 9J.3.5 4 03.01.3UNDP extrabudgetary incOlll8 5.7 6.9 11.3 14.4 14.7 53.0Oth"r 7.2 17.li 21.1 90.5 128• .: l6'.6
'l'O'tAL :IHC01lE 792.7 8311.2 7119.7 872.9 1 056.4 • 349.9
EXPENDITURE
Progralllllle expenditure
Indicative planning fi,gures 507.8 466.6 Uli.6 481.5 5U.9 2 U5.4lndicative planning figures - add...,n funds 0.6 0.6 1.2Special programme resources 5.0 4.0 lo.3 ~.4 13.9 33.6Special industrial serviCeS 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.7 3.9 14.~
Special Measures Fund for the !.eastDeveloped Countrles 13.8 u.5 10.3 9.10 10.l :>5.5
COst-sba"n9 62.2 68.7 73.5 64.6 90.1 359.1CaSh counterpart 8.6 a.3 lo.1 7.3 1.5 3'.8
660.5 5aO.l 532.6 57J..7 689.:.1 3 014.1UNDP sectoral support costs 5.5 4.2 3.3 3.0 3.0 ill. 0Reimbursement ot program.e support costs
to executing agencies 115.1 73.J. 70.1 7J.0 113.10 3114.9
751.1 631.4 606.0 641.1 77:;'.8 3 418.0~pert biatus financing. extended sick leave
costs and compensation PBYIOnts 1.8 J..l 1.0 0.8 0.6 5.3Adjust....nts to prior years' Progr_
expenditure and progr.-.e supportcosts inet) (0.91 10.7) (3.91 1.9 10.3l 13,',
752.0 637.8 603.1 650.4 716.1 3 4111.4UNDP biennial budget expenditure 104.1 109.0 107.8 117.0 121.7 5511.6UNDP extrebudgetary expenditure 3.0 4.2 6.8 10.6 13.2 37.8
TOTAL EXPSNDITURE 859.1 151.0 711.1 7711.0 911.0 4 016.8E>tcess of income over expendlture
(eKpenditure over incOllleI (610.4) 87.2 72.0 94.9 145.4 Y 333.1
Transfe[.[ed to,
Spoclal Measures Fund for tneLeast Developed Countries :t.6 4.6 3.3 1.0 1.7 13.2
Cost-sharing contriDUtions 5.7 111.2 :t.4 20.4 10.2 S6.11casn counterPArt oontriout~ona (0.71 (1.01 3.3 (O.!ll) (0.3) 0...E>ttrebudgeter~ acti~ities 2 ... .01.7 4.5 3.11 l.!> J.5.zGenera.l resources !!I 1'10.11 62.1 511.5 10.10 132.l 241.4
(66.41 117.2 74.0 94.9 145.4 33".1
!I As shown in .~te...nt IV to tile nearest: United Stat:es dollar.
W Described in tile year. 1982-191'14 as "revenue reserve".
-139-
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UNDPI TRUST rUNDS AD+.'NISTERBO BY UNDP
Inveetmente ae at 31 December 19Hb
(united Statu doll...)
lnt:.r•• tTru.t fund/type Currency ute Amount 'fotal
Tru.t rund for A•• i.tanoe to ColonidCountrie. and Peopl..
Current account. United State. doller. ~.BOO ,j jbY
Total 3 36Y
--(Htatement VI)
United Nation. C'Rital Devaloent rund
Cur cent account. N.therland. guilder. y 10 d17Swediah kronor ~.1~00 12 dUTurkieh lira. a/ 144 :.u Yll
lnter•• t-beering .ccount. Unit.d Stat•• dollar! 13.0000 !U' l 894 000Ftench tcanoa 8.2500 17d ~39 1 1n ~3Y
Time-depo.i t. United St- ... dollare 6.7~00 5 000 000United Stat.•• doll.r. 7.12~0 6 ~OO 000united Statu doll... 6.9380 3 000 000United Stete. dolle.. 6.5625 2 500 000united Statu doll... 6.8438 8 000 000Unit6d Statu dollar. 7.9J75 5 000 000united Statu doll... 5.6250 3 500 000united State. dollars 6.1250 2 000 UOOunited StAt.. dollar. 5.8750 3 000 000United States dollar. 5.811~ 7 000 000unit.d /ltatu doll... 6.0938 7 000 000United Statu doll... 6.0000 ~ 300 000unIted Statu dollar. 6.12~0 6 000 000United Statee doll.r. 5.9375 3 500 000united Statu dollar. 6.1250 ~ 000 000united StAt.. dollar. 6.0000 4 ~OO 000united Stetu dollar. 6.12~0 4 000 000United Stat.. dollar. 6.18H 8 OOU 000United Statu dollare 6.561~ H ~OO 000United stat.. dolla.. ~.8HO 3 lOO 000united Statu dollar. 0.1250 1 600 000 lU2 100 000
1'ctel 104 2Yb 4~1
(statement VU)
inv••tm,nt. ot the operational r ••erve
World Bank bOnd. United States dollar. 5.87~0 1 800 000United Statu dollar. 10.3800 5 000 000United StAtes dollars 8.3100 10 OOU 000United States doll... 6.6400 10 000 000 11 80U.J!..!!..l!.
Total n ijOO OUU=.-:=.-===
(etat.ment VII)
. : ',1-
Truet tund/type
United Nation. Revolvinq Fund torNatural Ruourc.. IIXplor.tion
Interest-be.Clog account.
l1me-deposlt.
'fotal
United N.tion. Tru.t Fund torSudano-Sah.lian Activiti••
Current accounts
lnt.r••t-b••ring .ccounte
Tlme-depo.lts
1'otal
United Netione Volunt••re progr.mm.
SCKlDULE ZO (continu.d)
curr.ncy
unit.d State. dollare
United State. doila,.unit.d St.t•• dollar.United at_t•• doLl.,.United Stat•• doll.,.united Stat•• doller.unit.d Stat•• dolle,eUnited st.te. dolle,.
It.lia,, lire
united St.te. doilar.
United Stat•• dollar.Unit.d Stat•• dollar.Unit.d Stat•• dollereUnit.d Stat•• dollar.Ullit.d sut•• doll."united St.t•• dollar.unit.d Stat.e dollareunited Statee dollar.united St.t.e dollere
lnt.rutrete
13. (IUOU !!I8.06256.11255.U756.56255.V3756.31256.06Z5
!I13.0000 W
6.75008.50005.9375.... 37506.06256.H507.18756.06Z56.0635
AI80unt
2 000 OUO1 5UO 0002 000 \lOO1 000 0001 500 000Z 000 000
500 OUO
2 000 0001 500 0003 000 000
-10 000000 000
2 000 0002 000 0003 000 000
600 000
Total
663 000
10 500 000
11 163 000
(etat.mont VUI)
976
761 000
~8~
22 668 976
(.t.t....nt IX)
Current account.
lnter•• t-beering account.
Tlme-d.po.it.
Total
i!!l1tsd Nation. Financinq By.t.m tortielence and Technoloqy tor Dev.lopm.nt
Unit.d stat.e doller.
unit.d Statee dollere
unlted Stat•• dollareunit.d St.t•• dolla,.
5.2500
6.7500
8.1Z506.125U
1>7 524
447 000
500 000500 000 000 000
5H 5H
(.teh...nt Xl
1nt_reat-bearing account.
'l'ime-deposits
1'otal
unit.d Stet.e doller.
unit.d Stet•• dolle,sunited Stat•• doller.unit.d Stat•• dolle'eunit.d St.te. doller~
united stete. dollereunited St.tee dolle,.
-163-
13.0000 !!I5.93756.56255.75005.8U56.18755.750U
500 0001 500 0001 000 0002 500 0001 000 000
700 000
220 000
200 000420 000
I.t.tement Xl)
1', u.t fund/type
Un it.d N. Uon. Speoi.l rund forLend-loc'ed DevdClping Count< iu
Int.re.t-b••ring account.
UNDP Truat Fund for the N.Uonhood!!2ir.... of th. rund for Namibi.
Inter.at-b••r1ng account.
Tim.-d.pod U
Totd
Unit.d Nation. Dev.lumnt Fun<' for 1I0men
Int.rut-bear in9 .ccount.
Tim.-d.po.it.
Total
UNDP Energy Account
Interelt-bear 1n9 account.
Tim.-depoeit.
Total
UNDP Trult Fund for Developing Countrie.ACC Heted by F.min••nd Mdnutr it ion
Cl.llr:.ncy
Unit.d atstes dollar.
United Ststes dullsrs
United States doUarsUnited States doUa..
United Stat.s doll.r.
United Stat•• doll.rsUnited Stat.s doilarsUnit.d Stat•• doll.r.Unit.d St.t•• doll.rsUnited Stat.s dullar.Unit.d Stat•• doll.r.Unit.d stat•• dollar.United Stats. dollar.United Stat.e dollar.
United Stat•• dollars
Unit.d Stat.s doll.rsUnit.d Stat•• dollarsUnited State. dollars
9.0000 !!I
13.0000 ~
6.06256.3750
13.0000 !!I5.n756.00008.0625~.OOOO
5.87506.00005.81216.06.56.1875
13.0000 !!I8.50005.9375('.125U
Amount
700 0005110 OP.Q
1 000 000i 000 DOe1 300 000
500 000500 000OO~ 000750 000300 000400 000
1 250 0001 000 0001 800 000
Total
430 000
430 000
=(eutement XII)
414 000
200 000
614 000
(.ut.mant XIII)
765 500
8 750 000
9 515 500
(.tatemant XIV)
778 000
050 000
82S 000
(.tatement XV)
Inter•• t-bearing accounts
Time-deposits
Total
Unlt.d Statu doUars n.oooo !!IUnited Ststee doHus 6.3750 000 000Unit.d Stat•• doHsrs 6.3750 • 500 000United Statu dollars 5.8l'15 1 000 000Unlted stat.s dollars •• 6875 J 000 000United States dullars 5.9375 1 500 1100United Statee dollars 6.5625 700 000
" 164-
615 000
9 700 000
10 315 000
(statement XIX)
Tru.t tund/type
Per..-Gu.rrero Tru.t Fund torEconomlo and Teoh1IC.~ratlonamong Dev.loping Countr iu
BCHilI)IlLE 20 (oonolud.d)
CurrencyInt.r.at
r.t. Mlount Total
Inter •• t-bear tog accounts
Time-depo.l tH
Total
UNO' Truet Funa tor Aui.tano.to Retuqn-relat.d Dev.lopm.ntprojeo",. in Atr ioa
Unit.d Stetu dolla.. 13.0000 !!I
Unit.d Statu dolla.. 1.5000 2 000 000Unit.d SteteP dolla.. 6.5000 1 ~OO 000United St,atu dollar. s.811s 1 000 000Unit.d Statu dolla.. 5.9315 1 400 ooe
18] ~On
100 000
6 483 000
(at.t....nt XX)
Interest-bea,1n9 accounts
TI me-d.po.i ts
'fotd
united Nation. Tru.t Fund torQ£!!ational ProqulMI. In L••otno
Cur rent account.
Interest-bearing accounts
Total
United Nations Tru.t Fund forprovision ot Oeautlonal (OPIlX)Peraonnel in 8wazU.nd
Cur[en~ accounts
!/ Interest rate vat 1•••
Unit.d Stat•• dollwr.
Unit.d Stat•• dollareUnit.d Stat•• dOllar.Unit.d Stat•• dollar.
U•• ltad Statu dolla..
Unl ted Statu dolla..
Unit.d Statu doU...
13.0000 !!I
8.25006.00006.HsO
5.2500
6.1500
500 ~OO
000 000500 000
8]4 161
000 000
8]4 161
(.ht.....nt XXI)
(.tatell.nt XXVII
(.tet.m.nt XXVI)
!!I Rate receiv.d for v.ry .nort-term depoa1ta at 1986 year-.nd only.
-165-
SCH
EDU
LE21
UN
DP:
TRU
STFU
ND
SA
DM
INIS
TER
EDBY
UNDP
~udget
ap
pro
pri
ati
on
for
the
bie
nn
ium
1986
-198
7an
deX
pen
dit
ure
for
the
yea
ren
ded
3l
Dec
embe
r19
86
(un
ited
Sta
tes
do
llars
} Ex
pen
dit
ure
I i-'
Ch
Ch I
Tru
stfu
nd
Un
ited
Nat
ion
sC
ap
ital
Dev
elop
men
tF
und
Un
ited
Nat
ion
sR
evol
ving
Fun
dfo
rN
atu
ral
Res
ou
rces
Ex
plo
rati
on
Un
ited
Nat
ion
sT
rust
Fun
dfo
rS
ud
ano
-Sah
elia
nA
cti
vit
ies
Un
ited
Nat
ion
sD
evel
opm
ent
Fun
dfo
rW
omen
Net
ap
pro
pri
ati
on
for
1986
-198
7
6.1
9650
0
303
420
0
423
290
0
217
200
0
Dis
bu
rsem
ents
in1
98
6
274
123
0
135
783
5
15
92
271
96
44
10
Un
liq
uid
ated
ob
lig
ati
on
sas
at
31D
ecem
ber
1986
4807
7
4288
6
4638
2
15
019
To
tal
exp
end
itu
rein
198&
278
930
7
(sta
tem
ent
VII
)
14
00
72
1
(sta
tem
ent
VII
I)
163
865
3
(sta
tem
ent
IX)
979
429
(sta
tem
ent
XIV
)
Une
ncum
bere
db
alan
ce
340
71
93
163
347
9
259
424
7
119
257
1
SCH
EDU
LE22
UN
DP:
TRU
STFU
ND
SADM1~ISTERED
BYUN
DP
Ad
min
istr
ativ
ean
dpr
ogra
mm
esu
pp
ort
~osts
Bud
get
app
rop
riat
ion
and
eXpe
nDit
ure
for
the
yea
ren
ded
31
Dec
embe
r19
86
(Un
ited
state
sd
oll
ars
) Ex
Pt!
nd
itu
re
I .... '".... I
Tru
stfu
nd
Un
ited
Nat
ion
sF
inan
cin
gS
yste
mfo
rS
cien
cean
dT
echn
olog
yfo
rD
evel
opm
ent
Net
ap
pro
pri
ati
on
for
1986
149
200
0
DiS
burs
emen
tsin
1986
649
699
Un
liq
uid
ated
ob
lig
ati
on
sas
at
31
Dec
embe
r19
86
22
883
To
tal
exp
end
itu
rein
1986
67
25
82
(sta
tem
ent
XI)
Une
ncum
bere
db
alan
ce
819
418
NOTES 'ro TilE FINANCIAL STA'rI':MENTS
Note 1. Summary of significant accounting policieu
The financial sta~ements reflect the application of the ;ollowing significantaccounting policIes:
(a) Income
Interest income i~ accrued as income in the year to which it rel~tes. Allother income is accounted for on a cash basis.
Government contributions receivable for the current an~ prior years are shownin notes to the balance sh~ets of UNDP (statement 11) ~nd the trust funds(statements VI to XXVII). Contributions pledged for future years are reflected indetail in schedules 1 la 3 for UNDP and in schedules 16 to 19 for trust fundsadministered by UNDP.
At its thirty-first session, the Governin~ Council authorized theestablishment, wi~h ~ffect from I January 19~5, of an accounting linkage betweenvoluntary contributions (including contrir~tions to voluntary programme cost&) andcontributions to local office costs in such a ~a.lner that contributions are firstaccou1ted for against any shortfall in contributions to the local office costs.The t<,tal amount transferred from voluntary contributions (statement I) in respectof this linkage is reflected in schedule 6 and explained in note 16.
All expenditure of UNDP is ~ccounted for on an accrual basis, except for thatrelating to projects executed by G~;~rnments, which is accounted for on the basisof cash ~iqbursements only. Project expenditure includes unliquidate~ obligationsraised bi thexecuting agencies (other than Govprnments) in respect of goods andservices provided for in the project budgets for 1986 and contract~j for by the endof that }~~r.
(c) Exchange rates
U~ ~ financial rule 104.2 provides that vo~untary contributions received fromGovernments shall be translate~ into United States dollars at the United Nationscperational rate of exchange in effect on the date of payment.
In accordance with UNDP financiul rule 104.3, exchange adjustments of $92,2~B
urisi~g from the receipt of contributions from Governments were recorded as anincrease to these contribu'ions ann are tihown in statement I accorningly. Allother exchange adjustments were recorded BS miscellaneous income (expenditure) andare shown in schedule 4.
(d) S:2.£.ital expenditure
The full cost of non-expendable equipment used for admini~trative purposes ischatqed to the UNDP biennial budget in the year in which the equipment ispurchased. An inve"tory is maintained of all non-expendable equipment (defined asitems of equipment valuf'd at $500 or more per unit and with a sClrviceable life
-168-
of at least five years, and items of equipment included in any special lists forwhich formal inventory records are maintained).
In 1986, the Administrator authorized an exception to the above stated policywith respect to capital expenditures. This exception provided for amortization ofleasehold improvements to headquarters office premises over a period of five yearsin equal instalments. Total expenditure as at 31 December 1986 amounted to$1,719,719, of which $431,300 was ch~rged to the biennial bUdget in 1986. TheGoverning Council was advised accordingly.
Note 2. Special programme resources
The Governing Council, at its twenty-eighth session in June 1981, authorizedthe carry-over of the unspent balance of the special programme resources as at31 December 1981 as an addition to the authorized level of the special programmeresources for the third indicative planning figure cycle (1982-1986). Inaccordance with this authorization, the unspent allocations of the specialprogramme resources, recalculated at $8.7 million as at 31 December 1981, wereadded to the allocation of $45,870,000 approved for the third indicative planningfigure cycle. The status of this account as at 31 December 1986 was as follows:
United Statesdollars
Unspent allocations brought forward fromsecond indicative p1annin~ figure cycle
Amount allocated by the Governing Council8 720 123
45 870 000
54 590 123Deduct:
Expenditure during 1982 5 033 574Expenditure during 1983 4 052 558Expenditure during 1984 5 313 508Expenditure during 1985 5 356 294Expenditure during 1986 (schedule 5) 13 851 087 33 607 021
Balance of special programme resourcesas at 31 December 1986
Note 3. Government letters of credit
20 983 102
The amount shown in statement 11 represents three letters of credit in respectof contributions made ~o UNDP by a Government as follows:
United Statesdollars
Support of child survival activities in AfricaA country project in the Asian regionA country project in the Arab region
Total
-169-
1 486 848222 000181 100
1 889 948
'fhe amount shown in statement VII represents a letter of credit in respect ~f
a contribution made to UNCDF for the support of child survival activities in Africa.
Note 4. Operating funds and unliquidated obligations of executing agencie~
A reconciliation of the operating funds provi~ed by UNDP and the operatingfunds p~yable to executing agencies is shown belowl
Provided to Payable toexecuting agencies executiny age~cies
{United Rtates dollars)
Balances as reported by€xecuting agencies 23 757 (140 034 246)
Unliquidated obligations of agencies 24 080 070 125 837 460
Net operating fund balance 24 103 827 (14 196 7tl6)
Add: Interotfi~e vouchers not yetprocedsed by agencies 3 050 579 303 613
Other unprocessed items 11 848 325 4 808 419
14 898 904 5 112 032
Closing balances as reportedin statement 11 39 002 731 (9 084 75')
Unliquidated obligations of executing Agencies are shown separately instatement 11 in the amount of $167,566,463 and consist of $149,917,530 in r6spectof agencies to which operating funds are provided, $17,598,870 in respect of UNDPas an executing agency for its projects, as shown in statement V, and *50,063 inrespect of headquarters travel relating to projectu executed by Governments.
Note 5. Amounts (lue from/to t.rust funds administered by UNDP
UNDP advances funds to, and rflcei ves funds for, .. le trust funds that itadministers. The balance of these transactions as at 31 December 1986 is shown inthe financial statflment relating to each trust fund (statements VI to XXVI) and canbe summarized as follows:
-170-
19115
2J1l ll21l
Ll2 .lll,)
72 683
4'l 221
l:l 734
DUt! from t.rust fl'nrla admintst~red by UNDP
(United ~t~tes dollars)
United NFttioTls Capital Development Fund (statement VII)
united N~tionR Revolving F~nd for Natur~l Resourcesl';xpll)I'IlU 1.:/1 (stlltement VIII)
united N6tJonH rrust Fund for ~udAno-Sahelian
Activities (stJtement IX)
United Nations Volunteers programme (stAtement X)
United Nations Financinq System far Science andTechnol(~y fOI uevelopment (statement XI)
UNOPfrust Fund for the NationhoOd Programme of theFund for Namibia (statement XIII)
UN~P Energy Account (statement XV)
Initial Initiative Against Avoidable Disahlement(IMPACT) (statement XVIl
UNOI' Trust Fund for Developing Countries Afflicted hyFamine and Malnutrition (statement XIX)
Trust .und for the Training in BUlgaria of Specialistsfrom Developing Countries (statement XXV)
51 750
463 299
1 274
51 393
16 488
United NAtionE Trust Fund for Provision of Operational(OPEX) Personnel in Swaziland (statement XXVI)170
1 506 223 1'otal (statement Il)
Due to trust fundo Administered by UNOI'
(United States dollars)
3 474
587 678
267 ~07
17 172
Trust Fund for Assistance to Colonial Countries andPeoples (Bt~tement VI)
United Nations Capital Development Fund (statemflnt VII)
United Nul-ions Rl;>volvLlq Fund for Natural ResourcesExploration (Atatement VIII)
Uni ted Nat iono Trust Fund for Sudano-SahelianActivit1PA (Rtiltement IX)
-171-
65 262
133 482
82 284
Due to trust funcla "C1ministererl hy UNDr (continued)
(United States dollars)
.!!~
262 ~67
125 194
47 053
35 404
Unit.'d Nat ions Volunteers progr amme (st.atement X)
unlterl Nations Finnncinq System for SC'ience lInd'l'echnology for Deve lopment (stlltement Xl)
United Nations Special Fund for Land-lockedDevelopihC) Countrien (statement XII)
UNDP Trust. Fund for the Nationhood Programmpfor the Fund for Namibia (statement XIII)
United Nations Development ~'und for Women(statement XIV)
UNDP Energy Account (statement XV)
Initial Initiative Aqainflt Avoidable Disablement(IMPACT) (statement XVII
1986
14 993
22 423
~3 772
165 552
?2 416
Trust Fund for the Training in the USSR of2 573 692 Specialists from Developing Countrien (statement XVII)
Trust Fund for the Special Netherlands Contrihution6 007 352 for the Least Developed Countries (statement XVIII)
2 001 920
3 97::' 130
34 093UNDP Trust Fund for Developing Countries Afflicted byFamine ann Malnutrition (statement XIX)
UNDP Trust Fund for F.conomic and Technical Co-operation388 428 among Developing Countries (statement XX)
UNDP Trust Fund for AHflistance to Refugee-related156 517 Development Projects in .\rrica (statement X)([)
UNDP 'I'ruRt Fund to Combat Poverty "nd Hunger in6 800 044 Africa (statement XXII)
'['rust ~'und for thf> Norweqian Contr Ih\l tion to the Angolan114 ..!82 Petroleum Trainin') Cent.re in Sumbe (statement xxr r 1)
'I'ruAt. Fund 1'01 'l'echnical Ansif'tancp to World Bank177 654 Projpetn In Jam.liea (Htaterncnt XXIV)
'('r'lst Fund for '('echnlcal I\sslfltanCf\ to WnrId flank4~2 159 Projects In Pannma (statement XXIV)
-172-
203 697
'11 761
'; LlD 169
l.\ll 414
"7 727
1192 bIll
Due to trust funds administered by UNDP (continued)
(United Stat~s dollars)
1986
6 090
61 940
538 113
170 148
281 230
405 494
113 427
43 571
515
186 376
19 266 122
Trust Fund for Technical Assistance to World BankProjects in Zambia (statement XXIV)
Trust Fund for the Training in Bulgaria ofSpecialists for Developing Countries (statement XXV)
Australian Development Assistance Bureau (ADAB)/UNOPProgramme Trl\st Fund (statement XXV)
UNDP/CIDA Trust Fund for the Caribbean Projoc,Development Facility (statement XXV)
UNDP Trust Fund for Action on Development Issues(statement XXV)
U~uP Trust Fund for Support to the Programmes of the"inistry of Pl~nning of Costa Rica (statement XXV)
UNDP Trust Fund for Assistance to the TechnicalCo-operation Fund between Peru and Argentina toAdminister Food Aid (statement XXV)
UNDP/Live Aid Foundation Trust Fund Programme(statement XXV)
UNDP/United Support of Artists for Africa Trust FundProgramme (statemer.t XXV)
United Nations Trust Fund for Operational Programmein Lesotho (statement XXVI)
UNROB residual funds - Bangladesh
Trust Fund Programme for the Republic of Zaire
UNDP Development Study Pcogramme (statement XXVI)
Total (statement 11)
6 823
548 173
179 709
223 524
401 684
221 066
93 939
903 294
96 517
210 098
16 131 461
Note 6. Governments' and other contributors' contributions - UNDP Account
Contributions due from Governments and other contributors for the current andprior years that had not been paid by 31 December 1986 were as follows:
-113-
vo
lun
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Note B. Cash at field otfices
The ma1nritv of field offices maintain United-States-dollar bank account. th~.
are operated under the "zero balance" svstem. The time laQ between the i ••uance orcheques bv tield offices and their clearance in New York results in a float at theend of the vear. Such uncleared cheques as at 31 December 1986 amounted to$14,122,170 and are included in accounts pavable.
Note 9. Accounts receivable and payable
fa) Accounts rRceivable and deferred charges (net)
The amount of $30,517,625 shown in statement II consists of the followinQ:
United State.dollars
Advances to statf and consultantsFunds placed with United Nations information centresDeferred charqesAuencv receivablesMiscellaneous field ott ice receivablesMiscellaneous accounts receivable
SubtotalLess: Provision to reduce the book value
of account~ receivable anddeterred charges
Total
(h) Accounts ~avable
3 767 095695 1185
13 964 9677 061 6226 805 784
676 952
32 972 305
2 454 6110
30 517 625;=
The amount of $ij3,091,778 shown in statement 11 consists of the fo11owinQ:
United state'.dollars
Uncle~red cheques of field offices 14 122 170Amounts received in respect of the proarammea of
other United Nations organizations 24 153 146tlnliqu idated obliuations 21 362 502Mi sce llaneolls accounts payablp II 453 960
Total 83 091 778
Note 10. AdJustments to prior vears' orouramme expenditure and programme SUPpOrtcosts fnet)
The financial statements and schedules include the expenditur~ data ot theexecutinu auencies. As fat as possible, the data are obtained trom the aqencie.'audited statements or, when such statements are not available at the time otcLosinu, either from the statements as submitted for audit or from the unauliite"
interim statements. Any amendment!l to this dElta after the completion of the a\lditof the agencies' accounts are incorporated in statement I in the subsequentfinancial period. Changes in the 1985 accounts reported by the executing agencieswere as follows:
(a) Adjustments to prior years' programme expenditure (~et)
The amount of $BO,301 shown in atatement I consists of:
United Statesdollars
IIdjustments reported by the followingagencies:
WHOAsDBECA
Other
Adjustments chargeil to the indicativeplanning f igl~res of the followingcountries:
Lao People's uemocratic RepublicVip.t Nam
Transfer of expenditure to UNFSSTDpreviously reported as indicativeplanning figure expencliture by UNCHS
A<1justments relating to projects executedby tJovernment~
'l'otal
63 556(15B 803)211 042
(1 588)
160 334160 333
11 ~ 207
320 667
(44 632)
(309 941)
80 301
(b) Adjustments to prior years' programme support COnts (net)
The credit amount of $31S,2B9 an shown in statf~ment I consists of:
United Statesdo!.1ars
Adjustments r('por t.NI by th" to llowi TV,) aqencier.:
1 I.O
1"1\0UNJo:SCOWHOWMOIMOAsDB[-;CII
(8 117)9 0934 103
13 56966 )';4
141 760(20 644)
4 114 210 412-'--
-178-
EXC.IIIVE GUTTER BINDING -
United Btatestlollar s
Recoveries relating to projects with cost-sharingcomponents for which the following agencies havewaived part of their support cost reimbursement:
United Nations, Department of TechnicalCo-operation for Development
ILOleADIMDITUUNlOOUNCTADIBRDWIPDUNCHS
(28 249)(4 121)
(53 570)(3 506)(5 592)
(11 115)(1 251)
(460 269)(1 614)(6 061) (575 348)
Transfer to the relevant trllst funds ufprogramme support costs previously reportedas indicative planning figure expenditure by:
UNCHSProjects executed by Gov~rnments
(5 802)(4 571) (10 37.1)
'rota1 (375 2B9)
Note H. Support costs paid by UNDP Office fOlo Projects Execution to associatl:!~
agencies for UNDP projects
The UNDP Office for Projects Execution paid support costs to associatedagencies in respect of work carried out on its behalf under inter-agency agreementsand received reimbursements from executing agencies in respect of work carried outon their behalf. It also received reimbursement in respect of work that it carriedout as a co-operating agency for projects executed by GovernmentH. The net totalamount paid, $10,767, shown in statement V, comprises:
United Statesdollars
131 662
46 441
74 454
120 895
Total 10 767
Support costs paid to associated agencies
I,ess: Support costs reimbursed by executing agl'nciesSupport costs reimbursed in respect of
projects executed by Governments
Note 12. Administered by u~its other than the Office for Projects Execution
The amount of $571,928 shown in statement V as "Administered by unItsother than the Office for Projects Execution" during 1986 consists of:
-179-
Losses on exchange resulting from transactions recordedir, local cur rency using the Government I s ~xchange
rate rather than the most favourable legal rate
Project expenditure of the UNSO-UNDP/UNEP joint venture(programme support)
Mission costs incurred in respect of the projectdevelopment facility
Investment feasibility study emergency fund forReoident Representative in Africa, and otherprojecL
Transfer of cost-sharing project expenditureto trust funds administered by UNDP
':'otal
Notl" 13. unspent allocations and forward commitments
United Statesdollars
1 143 690
361 62"
396 280
490 474
(1 820 141)
571 928
UI\Spt:nt allocations issued against resources of the UNDP account as at31 December 1911<: amounted to approximate ly $1,115.3 million, aga ins". wh ich forwardcommitments entered into by the agencies were approximately $324.3 million.
Note 14. GOvernment contribution towards senior industrial development fieldadviser costs and sectoral support
(a) GOvernment contribution towards senior industrial development fieldadviser costs
The Governing Counc:l, at its thirtieth session, called upon Member States toprovide voluntary contributions to the spnior industrial development field advisetsprogramme aimed at maintaining and increasing the number of senior industrialdevelopment field adviser posts on a global basis. The amount of $128,150 shown instatement I, represents contributions received in 1986.
(b) Sectoral support
The Governing Council, at its thirty-first session, approved the carry-over ofany savings arising from previous years to cover the net costs to UNDP of theservices of senior industrial development field advisers. In accordance with thisdecision, the baJ'nce uf $134,757 was added to the al:ocation of $2,943,000 forsectoral support or 1986. Expenditure for the year amounted to $2,961,866, asshown In statement I.
-180-
Note 15. Support costs for the extrabudgetary activities of the United NationsVolunteers programme
At its thirty-~~ird session, the Governing Council approved an allocation of$791,630 as extrabudgetary income for the United Nations Volunteers programme.This amount is to be charged against the support cost resources of UNDP in order topermit an immediate strengthening of the administrative capacity of UNV for theperiod from 1 September 1986 to 31 December 1987. In accordance with thisdecision, the amount of $197,906 was charged as support costs in 1986, as shown instatement V.
Note 16. Income received for the biennial budget
The amount of $23,806,613 shown in schedule 6 for income received in 1986consists of the following:
UNDPcore
activities
Officefor
ProjectsExecution
Inter-AgencyProcurement
ServicesUnit
UNSoUNDP!UNEP
jointventure Total
(United States dollars)
Host Government cashcontributions 13 560 109 ffll ...i 13 560 109
Reimbursement of agencysupport costs:
UNDP-funded activities 4 838 936 1 072 413 5911 349UNCDF-funded activities 537 366 537 366UNSo-funded activities 759 128 759 128Management service
agreements 1 065 563 1 065 563other activities 1 376 924 1 376 924
Reimbursement of UNSo-UNDP/UNEP jointventure 544 350 544 350
Other income 51 824 51 824
Total 13 611 933 8 577 917 1 072 413 544 350 23 806 613
~/ Including 1986 government local office contributions of $10,175,592 andtransfers from voluntary contributions of $3,384,517.
Note 17. United Nations Capital Development Fund
(a) Project expenditure of $2~,347,280, shown in statement VII, is composedof $8,666,585, representing disbursements made or due to be made to Governments ofleast developed countries under grant agreements with UNCDF for the implementationservices and execution of projects by those Governments, and $17,680,695,
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represent1nq costn incurrec1 by co-operatinq orQ/lni:l:/Itlonn in cllrrvinq out, with theaQreement ot the Governments conctlrnec1, 1nternationlll procurement. services forequipment or suppliAs provic1ec1 tor in the qrllnt. aQreements. The latter costs1ncluc1e >lUrlport COflt>1 p,~ic1 ullftf'l the t ... rmB ot <ullnt. aqrt,."nNltu with recipient.Governments to the 1JNDP Ottice for l'ro;ects ~:Kecution, in the amount ct S4117,4~..!,
which 1s incluc1ed in the tot~l amount of $H,~77,Yl7, aa retlectec1 in ach ...dule 6 anc1explalned in note 16.
lh) The amount ot $642,446 shown in ntateuent VII ~B "Ext.rabuc1Qetary account.tor support costs" representa the unspent blllance /IS at 31 December 1~1I6 ot amountscharQed to mWOF pro;ects tor inc1 i rect cost!!. The 1.,~ 'tUH ot th is account hI allfollows;
Balance as lit H DOCflmber L':IIIS (atatement. VU)
Amoul"ts charQed to IINCDF pr::iectR dur Ina the \ ellr
Amounts lit i 11 zec1 dur ina tl1f) year
Balance as at 31 December IYlI6 (statement VII)
IJniterl Statea11011ars
4511 761
1 2511 546
( 1 074 11611
64~ 44fJ,c t
(c) At its twenty-sixth semJion, 'he (~overninQ ClIunc!l decided that (JNCD~'
should establish and maintaill an operatiunal reserve ot ~t least 20 per cent atthe Fund's pro"ject commitment.n. Accorrl1nqly, t.he tullv tunded operationalr~serve established in 197':1 was ad1~sted on Jl December 1986 to $27.~ million.wr,ich includes S199,232 repreuentinq :l0 per cent of the toUl continqentliabilities as at that date tor quaranties entered into bv UNCDF in respect otDank loans Qranted bv Governments and exclUdes commitments related to trusttunde and coat-sharinq arranaements, which bv th~ir nature require full fundinQ.
(d) Af its twenty-sixth !leflSion, the OoverninQ Council a~pr::>vec:l, tor anexperimental period not to continue bevond t.he reQular session of the Councilin l':lHI, a chanQe in partial fundinQ not requirinQ additi~~al resources. Atits twenty-ninth session, the GoveEnlnq Council decided that the Fund shoulc1continue the partial fundinq svstem, In contormitv with thin decision, actunloEo;ect allocations ot $44.4 million WIHe made in 19!16, exc.turlinQ Buh-truflttunds hut includinQ cost-sharinq arranqements, and. as shown in n0te a tostatement VII, unspent .11.10 ·'I.i":lfl wer~ $43.'1 ml.llion in exc;e,lll of reflOllrCPB a>Jat 31 December lYtl6.
Note Ill. (Jnlted Nationn RevolvinQ I"und tor Natural HNHlurceB EXlllol'utlon
(al Canh at field oft Ices [f'presents halances h... lrl hv prolPct manaqerB tohe ust·d tor oro;ects execlII,.rl bv the l'unrl.
(hI The an~unt. of $2,299,172 shown in stat.ement VIII aB accounts odvableIncludes unliquidated nblilllltlons totallinq $2,lYJ,':I16 in respect ot the Pund'Aexecution ot its own pro;ect.s.
-Ill:.!-
(c) The amount of $595,392 shown in statement VIII a. management serviceagreements, represents the unspent balance of fund. un~.r an agreement between theGovernment of Saint Lucia and the Fund for management services to be provided byth" "'un<1 .,nd financed by USAID. The status of this account was as follows:
United StateRdollars
nalllncn '1fJ at 31 December 1985 (statement VIII)
Advances received from USAID during the year
Expenditure during the year
~alance as at 31 December 1986 (statement VIII)
746 000
(l!)ll 6(0)
595 392
Note 19. United Nations Trust Fund for S ~ano-Sahelian Activities
(a) The amount of $508,025 .hown in statement IX a. "Reimbursement ofpr(~ramme support costs to executing agencies" includen $378,240 paid to the UNDPOffice for Projects Execution, which is included in the total amount of $8,577,917,as reflected in schedule 6 for UNDP and explained in note 16.
(b) The amount of $361,626 shown in statement IX as "Due from UNEP forUNDP/UNEP joint-venture project.", represents the net balance due as at31 December 1986 for contributions payable to the United Nations Sudano-SahelianOffice by UNEP for programme support in respect of the Plan of Action to CombatDesertification in the Sudano-Sahelian Region. ~he status of contributionsreceived allli expenditure incurred as at 31 December 1')86 was as follows I
United Stabsdollan
Balance due aa at 31 December 1985(atatement IX)
Contributions received in 1~86 from UNRP
~'or 19!1'>
Contributions received from UNDP
Expenditurf!
For tJN~~P
~'()r UNDP
Balance due from UNE:P as at 31 December 19116(stat(~ment IX)
361 626361 626
104 136
(104 136)
(361 626)
723 252
361 626
The UNDP share of the joint-v~nturo expenditure on programme support isincluded in the expenditu.:e total shown in Hchedule '; fOl UNDP as an executingagency. 'l'he expendIture incurl!.'d for insHtutionll1 support ,s shown in schedule 6.
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(c) 'l'he amount of $555,372 shown on statoment IX as "Extrabuclgetary accountfor support costs" represents the unspent balance a~ at 31 Decemher 1986 of amountscharged by UNSO to its sub-trust funds AS support costs. The status of thisaccount WAS as fo110wsI
United StatescloHars
Ral~nce due as at 31 December 1985 (statement IX)
Amounts churged to sub-trust funds during the ~dar
Amounta utilized cluring the year
na1ance as at 31 December 1986 (statement IX)
No(e 20. United Nations Volunteers prog~amme
478 660
200 472
(123 760)
~5" 372
(a) The amounts of $5,434 and $387,228 shown in statement X represent adeficit and an unspent balance as at 31 December 1986 of resourceS provided byUNHCR and by donor Governments for the financing of specific projects. Projectexpenditures incurred during 1986 under these arrangements amounted to $447,759 and$285,713 respectively.
(b) The amount of $169,930 shown in statement X as "Extrabudgetary accountfor support costs" represents the unspent balance in this account as at31 December 1986. The account was credited with $197,906, representing chargesmade to UNDP in accordance with paragraph 4 of Governing Council decision 86/43 of27 June 1986 and with $72,482, representing support costs charge6 to pro1ectsfunded by UNHCR and the Swedish International Development Authority (SIDA). Thestatus of this account is as follows:
United Statesclollars
Balance as tit 31 Dl!cember 1985 (statement X)
Amount!:' chargedl UNDP 197 906UNHCR/SIDA 72 482 270 388
Amounts ut i 11 zed during the year (12.0 4511)
Balance as at 31 December 1986 (ntatement Xl 169 930---------
Note 21. United Nations Financing System for Science and Tec:hnol(~y for Development
(a) The amount of $74,535 shown in Rtat~ment XI as "ExtrabudgetdrJ accountfor support costs" represents the unspent balance as at 31 December 1986 charged toUNFSSTD sub-trust funcls ss support costs. The status of this account waR asfollows:
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United Statesdollars
Balance as at 31 December 196"> (statement XI)
Amounts charged to sub-trust funds during the year
.I\mounts utili7.ed dUling the year
Balance as at 31 December 1966 (statement XI)
222 684
237 600
(385 749)
74 535
(b) The operational procedures established for the United Nations FinancingSystem for Science and Technology for Development, which were approved by theGeneral Assembly at its thirty-fourth aession (resolution 34/218 of19 December 1979), include the provision that the Fund shall be authorized toestablish a programme reserve by earmarking 2 per cent of the total annualcontributions.
Accordingly, an amount of $17,940, representing 2 per cent of thecontributions of $897,016 received in 1986, was transferred in 1986 from unexpendedresources to thr programme reserve. Net charges to the programme reserve during1986 amounted to $399, leaving a balance of $59,247 in the programme reserve as at31 December 1986.
(c) The amount of $200,000 shown in statement XI as the unp.xpended resourcesunder extrabudgetary activities represents the unspent balance of a contributionfrom a donor Government to cover costs for activating pledges in kind from theprivate sector.
(d) The following is the movement of the unexpended balance of generalresources during 1986:
United Statesdollars
Balance as at 31 December 1985 (statement XI)
Transfer to programme reserve
ExceS8 of expenditure over income
Balance as at 31 December 1986 (statement XI)
6 011 661
(17 940)
(l.J.Q.!.....121)
4 892 266
Note 22. United Nations Special Fund for Land-locked Develnping Countries
~t its fortieth session, by decision 40/446 A of 17 December 1985, the GeneralAssembly, having taken note of decision 85/32 of 28 June 1985 of the GoverningCouncil of the United Nations Development Programme, requested thesecretary-General to take the necessary steps to dissolve the United NationsSpecial Fund for [,and-locked Developing Countr ies in an orderly manner by31 December :986 and to tranSfer all uncommitted resources to the general resourcesof the Programme.
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Accordinqlv. as at 31 December 19Ub, $52,295 representino uncommittedresources of t~. Fund were transferred to the aeneral resources ot the {lniteoNations Development PrOQramme.
Note 23. UNOP Trust Fund for the Nationhood PrOQramme at the ~und tor Namibia
The amount of $128,058 shown in statement XIII represents a transfer ofinterest earned bv the Fund to the United Nations in accordance wit.h the auidelinesestablished tor the operation of the Fund.
Note 24. UNOP Trust Fund to Combat Poverty and Hunqer in Atrica
The unexpended resources for extrabudaetarv activities of the above trustfund. as shown in statement XXII. relate to the senior professional ofticersorOQramme. The senior professional otticers arp dssianed to taraeted countries inAfrica and to supoortina economist oositions in the Reaion,l Bureau for Atricawhenever lINOP cletermines that there exists a need tor strenathenina its staff.
Ourina 19U6. $l.022,OOO waG recelven as contributions ann $Ub7,971 was charoedas expenditures, which lett unexpenaerl resources ot f,4U7.
Note 25. Provision to rerluc<, the book value of accounts receivable and deterredcharges
At the request of the external aUrlitors of UNDP, a provision has been set UPto record certain expenrliture for which sutficient information was not on hand onthe date of c' )sina to permit inclusion in the accounts or for items for which. inthe case of ~ ;ible write-offs, procedural requirements of the FinancialReaulatlons and Rules had not been completed.
This provision to reduce the book value at accounts receivable and deterredcharaes consists of the followina items:
Unlted Statesdoll/HS
WFP emeraencv foorl aid in the SuclanJuba (Sudan) housina costsHeadquarters alteration CORtsDirect costs of prolectsUnprocessed eXtlendlture of the Office tor
Proiects ExecutionMiscellaneous items fnet)
Total (statement ,\
200 000I 000 1310
275 10074'j UUO
122 126110 764
2 454 6UO
Note ~6. Reclas~itications
Certain items have b~ep reclassitie~ in the 1986 financi~l statements. Inthis resoert, we have also recldssified the comparative l~H~ items.
U7-1U91~ b744-Ut (E) -IU6-