finding nox-cheaters on the spot with remote sensing ... · 16 results operation codename...

Finding NOx-cheaters on the spot

with Remote Sensing Devices

and

Operation “ONOX”

2www.opusrse.com

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System

• Adblue (AUS32) - Diesel engines

• 90 – 95 % of NOx emission reduced

Finding NOx cheaters

3www.opusrse.com

The AdBlue cheating problem

• SCR implies Adblue consume, maintenance service, breakdowns, power reduce

• Disconnection of the AdBlue injection (SCR) which reduces NOx emissions.

• Guardia Civil and General Prosecutor Office launched an investigation in 2017 after identifying the reduce on AdBlue sales

• There was no effective tool to find illegal trucks.


4www.opusrse.com

USB Emulator


• ON BOARD DIAGNOSTICS (OBD2)

• ANNUL ADBLUE SYSTEM AND NOXDETECTION SENSORS

• REVERSIBLE SWITCHING OFF THE EMULATOR

• EURO IV AND EURO V

5www.opusrse.com

USB Emulator


6www.opusrse.com

Switchboard Emulator


-NEEDS A PREVIOUS SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING

-MORE COMPLEX

-MORE DIFFICULT TO DETECT

-EURO IV AND EURO V

7www.opusrse.com

Switchboard Emulator


8www.opusrse.com

Use of RSD to find manipulated trucks

REGULATION (EC) No 715/2007 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro V and Euro VI) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information

REGULATION (EC) No 595/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE

COUNCIL of 18 June 2009 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with

respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and on access to vehicle

repair and maintenance information and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and

Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 80/1269/EEC, 2005/55/EC and

2005/78/EC

Criminal Code, OL 10/95: art. 325 Crime against Environment “por la provocación o realización directa o indirectamente de emisiones, contraviniendo leyes o disposiciones que causen o puedan causar daños sustanciales a la calidad del aire, del suelo o de las aguas, o a animales o plantas”

Legal background

9www.opusrse.com

The AdBlue cheating problem

• Administrative inspection. Manipulation: Very hard to find. The only option is to catch the cheaters in the act.

• Criminal procedure Environmental damage


10www.opusrse.com

Investigative procedure


Detection of suspected

companies

Docs study

Adblue and Diesel

consume

Visual checks

GaragesTestimonies

11www.opusrse.com

Proving environmental damage

• To asses the pollution/truck and link to environmental damage

• Compatible with administrative inspections

• Percentage of manipulated SCR system /

trucks that exceed pollution limits

• Surprise checks.3-4 hours operationSystem ready in 15 minutesDrivers warn each other

• Real-time alert system.

How usual is this practice?

12www.opusrse.com

Methodology

The remote sensing measurement is for now only indicative.

The sanction is only issued if the officer finds a manipulation

during the inspection.

Investigations are done after the roadside inspections.

RSD measurement

Real-time visualization

Alert

Pull-over and

inspection

13www.opusrse.com

And how bad is this practice?

A non-manipulated Euro V truck

with and without AdBlue

Reference

“clean” truck

Average

NO (ppm)

SCR ON 570

SCR OFF 1744

No trailer =

AdBlue not

injected

14www.opusrse.com

2,257 heavy-duty trucks evaluated.

20% of Euro V trucks surpass emission limit.

47% of inspected trucks were found to have been tampered.

1.5 – 2 tonnes of NOx excess emited / per truck / per year

Results

48,000 trucks use emulator in

Spain

72,000 tonnes NOx emited in

a year

1,000 tonnes of NOx emited

= up to 3 deaths

216 people dead in

Spain/year due to the use of

emulators (estimation)

15www.opusrse.com

LIFE GySTRA

The benefit of this collaboration

PROJECT OBJECTIVES:

Find high-emitting vehicles.

Create a system to control RDE.

Use remote sensing to reduce

emissions.

Sanctioning or repairing.

Madrid: 2-years

continuous

monitoring

program

Sofia: Public bus

fleet control.

16www.opusrse.com

Results

Operation codename ‘ONOX’.

Lead by Spanish Guardia Civil,

Coordinated with Europol:

•Press Release - Spanish police

•Press Release - EUROPOL

•Exclusive report in AUTOBILD

•Video of the police investigation (spanish)

In addition to the individual fines (200€) to truck drivers that were discovered

cheating during the inspections, four people are facing criminal charges for

modifying an entire fleet of trucks. 30 modified trucks from a fleet may be emitting 90

tons of NOx a year more than they would if they were not tampered with. This is an

environmental crime.

http://www.guardiacivil.es/es/prensa/noticias/6944.htmlhttps://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/haulier-in-spain-caught-cheating-emission-regulations-designed-to-prevent-air-pollutionhttps://www.autobild.es/reportajes/exclusiva-fraude-masivo-emisiones-camiones-espana-385768https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oi7uKbggmJQ

17www.opusrse.com

Thanks for your attention

Cpt. Carlos ASTRÁIN AGUADOPollution and Waste Crime Group

Central Intelligence UnitSEPRONA – Guardia Civil

[email protected]+34 915146000 ext. 43082
mailto:[email protected]

finding nox-cheaters on the spot with remote sensing ... · 16 results operation codename...

Documents