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The Administrative State: Conclusion By: Dwight Waldo Presentation By: James Trubia Westfield State University Administrative Theory CRJU 0624-501 Dr. Rizzo February 3, 2015

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The Administrative State: Conclusion

By: Dwight Waldo

Presentation By: James TrubiaWestfield State University

Administrative Theory CRJU 0624-501Dr. Rizzo

February 3, 2015

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Woodrow Wilson is considered founding father

Defined the objective of Administration as “the study to discover, first what government can properly and successfully do, and secondly, how it can do these proper things with the utmost efficiency, and the least possible cost”

Created the Political-Administration dichotomy

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Separation of politics and administration

Comparative analysis of political and private organizations

Improve efficiency with business-life practices

Improve effectiveness of service through management and training

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Frederick Taylor became a prominent figure in administration and management theory

Published a booked entitled “The Principles of Scientific Management”

Idea was scientific analysis best ways to carry out operations

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Replace work methods with scientific study

Scientifically train and develop each employee

Provide detailed instruction and supervision of each employee

Divide work equally between managers and workers so scientific methods can be applied

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Dwight Waldo became a prominent figure for administration

Developed the “Administrative State”

His theories later became known as Waldoian

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American political scientist

Defining figure in modern public administration

Against a technical portrayal of bureaucracy and government

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Excerpt from Waldo’s book “The Administrative State”.

Composed in 1948 and later revised in 1984

Challenged scholars’ view of public administration during the 20th century

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Idea/Term came about in early 1900s

Intellectual development of public administration

The political-administration dichotomy is false Woodrow Wilson

Waldoian Approach Administration is not separate

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Administration is claimed to be at the core of modern democratic government

This CLAIM helps justify the entire disciple of public administration

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If this claim has merit, then it implies two thoughts, Democratic theory must deal with administration Administrative theory must deal with democratic

politics

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Nature of the “Good Life” What a good society looks like

Action Procedures for determining how decisions are

made Who should rule? How the powers of the state should be

divided and apportioned (Divided powers) Centralization vs. decentralization

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“Orthodox” ideology Indication of a quality of general agreement Certain general beliefs predominated

Efficiency Political claim Input-output ratio

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Consist of 4 Characteristics

1. Democracy = Efficiency

The two terms thought to be synonymous

Referring to bureaucracy

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2. Government work was though to be divisible into two parts

Decisions and execution

Politics administration dichotomy

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3. Execution is a science based on firm scientific principles for administration

Easily discoverable and applied

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4. Values of business management apply to government administration

Practices lead to success

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The term itself is a value and it can run counter to other variables Such as democratic participation

Efficiency can not remain the disciplines talisman against politics. Why? Efficiency is a political claim.

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By specialization of the task among the group

By arranging the members of a group in hierarchy of authority

By limiting the span of control at any point in hierarchy to a small number

Grouping workers according to purpose, process, and place

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1. Fundamental tension between democracy, efficiency, and bureaucracy that protect democratic principles.

2. PA dictotomy is wrong. Public servants hold political positions that require implementing policy by elected officials.

3. Public servants must negotiate efficiencies demanded by scientific management with due process and public access to government.

4. Government cannot be run like business. Constitution must be honored.

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Held in patronage for Waldo in 1968 Brought about the idea of “New Public

Administration” consisting of Democratic citizenship Public interest Public policy Services to citizens