finn's persian for travelers

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PERSIAN FOR TRAVELLERS.

By ALEXANDER FINN, F.R.G.S., F.R.A.S.,

H.J1. CONSUL AT RESHT,

$art h\

RTJIDIIMENTS OW GRAMMAR.ENGLISH-PERSIAN

VOCABULARY,LONDON:

TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL.

1884.^2*~$

\_All rights reserved.'] ( •



TO

MADAME SCHOFER,IN REMEMBRANCE OF CONVERSATIONS HELD AT TAJREESH, ON THE

SUBJECT OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK IS

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT

SERVANT,

THE COMPILER.



PREFACE.

This is a work of no pretensions. It is essentially a work for begin

ners. To those who wish for a complete grammar I can recommen

no better than that by Mirza Ibrahim (Allen, 1841). Richardson'

Dictionary still holds its own as the best extant. There are eve

words in this which would not find their way into a learned lexicon

but are nevertheless useful, not to say necessary, to those holdin

intercourse with the natives {i.e. slang). No learned attempt ha

here been made to phoneticize the words or always to represent th

same Persian by the same English letters; each word has bee

written down as seems to be necessary for any Englishman to be abl



VI PEESIAN GEAMMAE.

to pronounce it intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight and wit

hesitation.

Englishmen, on seeing a word for the first time, usually strain t

mouths and their voices in order to give the words what they ima

to be a proper accent and sound, especially when dealing with

vowels. I entreat those who may use this book to treat the word

though they were English. I have done my best to produce

proper effect by the usual methods. Where an a has to be pronou

long, or broadly, I have marked it with the sign we used at schoo

dealing with Latin, and have avoided French accents and Hunte

marks, the use of which, except by the initiated, only end in produ

results as curious as unnecessary.



PREFACE.

The letter g, whenever it appears, should be pronounced hard, a

give and get.

As a rule h when met with must be aspirated (unless after c. g, k

t, z, when of course that combination has its proper sound), as in b

ter (better). When at the end of a word h has to be aspirated it

been written double as in vazehJi (evident).

Here I beg to express my thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshof the British Legation, for the valuable assistance he has rendered

in writing in the Persian words of this Vocabulary.

ALEXANDER FINK



INTRODUCTION,

Pebsian Grammar issimplicity itself. There is only one declensio

two conjugations.

Substantives have the nominative andaocusative, the latter fo

by adding ra to the former : the other cases, with the exception o

genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual particles, as be (to) t

dative, az (from) to the ablative, &c. The genitive alone is pecu

and is formed either by the particle az, or, as in other Oriental langu

by the termination of the previous word in i ; for example,J^d. t.

. Utah.

The cover of (sign of genitive) the book.

Sag* », shuma.

The dog of (sign of genitive) you, i.e. your dog.



X PERSIAN GRAMMAR.

A'i sag i shumd amad jild i kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.

A'i Oh (vocative) sag dog (nominative) i of [sign of genitive) sh

you amad came jild cover i of (sign of genitive) kitdb the book-ra (

of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) bei

outside burd took.

ADJECTIVES

are declined in the same way as substantives. There are three deg

of comparison. For comparative add ter to the positive, and for the su

lative add tereen ; for example,

bad badter badtereen

bad worse worst

xii PEESIAK GEAMMAB.

There are two conjugations, the one ending in tan and the other in d

as a rule the latter is perfectly regular. The perfect tense is for

directlyfrom the root of the infinitive, in both conjugations,

ex. g

dddan '

to give,' dad being the root. For the first person singular add a

the root; for the second person add ee; the third person is the same as

root. In the plural add eem to the root for the first person, eed for

second, and and for the third, thus :—

^.ita Dddan.— Infinitive.

Singular. Plural*

1.pata

dadam, 1.^ata

dadeem

2. \jo^ dadee 2. Jjota dadeed

3. <>b dad 3. ^b dadand



Veebs. xm

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., jTbe koon2nd pers. plur., JuiJo be kooned

^f Kardan.-* To do.

Past Participle.

Singular1

.

1.

*^«mi kiinam

2.jj^c

mi kiini

3. jJ^* mi kunad

1. j.^ kardam

2.

^^kardee3. ^T kard

PEESENT.

PeEFECT.

i^rkardeh

Plural.

1.

^C* mi kuneem2. »v*l« mi kuneed

3. .x^o mi kunand

1. *}.}/' kardeem

2. Jj^T kardeed3. Jj^Tkardand

XIV FEBSIAN GEAMMAB.

FlJTUEE.

1. »sfj»\y»kbabam kard

2. if^y* kbabee kard3.

^Jjfclji.kbabad kard

1. >ap *jj»lja.kbabeem kard

2. if^fi\y^ kbabeed kbard3.

i>j J^lji. kbaband khard

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing.,

^besbo

2nd pers. plural, Jjj^jbesbaveed

Peesejstt.

Singular.

,J-- Shudan.— To become.

Past Participle.

L. « ft'iVi'

;t.O

9 .'

mi sbavam

mi sbavee

mi sbaveed

sJw. shudeb

Plural.

1. *jj^« mi sbaveem

2. Jj^^o mi sbaveed

3. Jo*£-<a mi sbavand



VEEBS. XV

Pekfect.

1. -J-i. shudam

2. i^J^i shudee3. oi shud

1. >X£> ** ^» khaham shud

kkahee shud

khahad shud

1. ^Jwi shudeem

2. OiJ£ shudeed3. JJJ-2> shudand

Ftjtuee.

khaheem shud

khaheed shud

khahand shud

o 0j>Boodan.

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., Jil? bash

2nd pers. plur., J^l. basheed

To be.

Past Participle.

sjjj boodeh



XVI PERSIAN GRAMMAR,

Present.

1,

2,

3,

bastam

hastee

o-a bast

1* **y boodam

2. ^sy boodee

3, zy bood

1. *y iSk1^ kbabam bood

2. j»jj i^1

^*- kbab.ee bood

3. iy ^y, kbabed bood

Perfect.

Future,

1,

2,

3.

basteem

hasteed

bastand

p>ty.boodeem

.

Joji^j boodeed.

3» Jisy boodaud.

1

2

1. *y t*^y* kbabam bood

2. zy JuaI^. kbabeed boo3. ty Xjklji.

kbahaud boo



VEBBS.XV

».>b dadeb.

^.sbDadan.— To give.

ImperaWi*.^s' PatrUcvple

2nd pers. sing.,»^> bedeb

2nd pers. plur., ***> bedeheed.

Present

Singular.

1. **J** mi dabam

2. ,/^ mi dabee

3. JaJ-o mi dabad

1.

2.

3.

Plural.

^stbj-*mi dabeem

j^jujo mi dabeed

j^j«-o mi daband.

1. ..ab dadan

2. t$ib dadee

3. ab dud

Perfect.1. ^ab

dadeem

2. Joob dadeed

3. jjjb dadand



xvm PEESIAN GEAMMAB.

FUTTJEE.

1. alo y*'»i. khaham dad

2.

3.

r^y-ÎJ>

1*3.khahee dad

c^y-jb Jj»1 khahad dad

y^Jî. Khdstan.—• To will

Imperative.

2nd pers. sing., s\j&bekhah

2nd pers. plur., J*fcjy»bekhaheed

1. jU**»)_>»

khaheem dad

2. ^bJ^W>

khaheed dad

2. jUjjj^ji-

kbaband dad

; to wish ; to want.

Past Participle.

.vzwlfti. kbasteb

Singular.

1. **ly**mi khaham

2.

^'â**

nii khahee

3. jjklyt*mi khahad

Pee sent.Plural.

1 .

*t*>\y&*mi khaheem

2. J**1

^

mi khaheed

3.J^Jkly**

mi khahand



VERBS.XIX

Perfect.

1.

2.

3.

khastam

khasteeL**'

'

jti.khast

1.

2.

3.

-_t.

Future.

khaham khast 1.

Us.^fclî.

kkahee khast

oJî. J*lji khahand khast

2.

3.

1. *=-Jj±.kkasteeni

2. Jtf-»V khasteed

3. J^-ly-kkastand

(^Jy. ê»lj»khaheem khast

o-\j4- J^y- kkaheed khast'

i» jj^ly. khahandkhast

Eemark

In quoting another person'swords the Persians give,

as nearly as the

can,the words that he

actually

used. In English we say,- He said tha

he was coming ; in Persian they say, He said I am coming.

'



XX PEBSIAN GEAMMAB.

PRONOUNS.

The pronouns are, as in other languages, three, but in Persian the

no geuder, and are as follows :—

I, ^ Mun We, L Ma

Thou,

yTo You, Li Shuma

He or she, \ An, vulg., Oon. They, l«3l .AnTia, vulg., O

Colloquially the possessive is formed by adding,

In the Singular, ui, o, fm, t, sh

In the Plural, ^li, 'J, U ma, tan, shan

In the substantive, ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.



IS aspcm, my horse

£2\ aspat, thy horse

jJL\ aspash,his horse

1. eL yek

2. j* do

3.

a-, seh

4 # .l^a. chehfir

KTJMEEALS.

t* fcJ3 aspi-rna,our horse

JL1A aspi-tdn, your horse

at£\ aspi-shdn, your horse

NUMEEALS

X

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

jj panj

shesh

oft* 7ia/£

hasht

ii noh

10. »J $a7i

11. o^jlj yazdah

12. s^ doazdeh

13. sisja*seesdeh

14. sj.'^ chehardeh

15. s^jb panzdeh

16. s^b shdnsdeh

17.jjift heevdeh

18. *>*£* lieejdeh



xxu PEESIAN GEAMMAE.

19.



PEESIAN VOCABULARY.

VOCABULARY.

A.

A, an, ek yek.

Abandon, v., ^j^Tdy tarfc kardan.

Abase, v., ^sf <-«*& khafeef Jcardan.

Abash, v., C^-»L sJ^~»ji>sharmandeh

sakhtan.

Abbreviate, «., ^^T^s* mukhtasar

/cardan.

Abdicate, v., ^ata*W=— \ istefa dadan.

Abdomen, &> shaJcam.

Abet, v., &sy>j {jj^. yari nemoodan. '

Abettor, Jk ydr ; e ^* moharek.

Abide, ^JoU mandan ; a&pi {j^>sukna nemoodan.

Ability, «y kooveh, ^jj zarangi.

Able, d3jj zarang.

Ablution, J~£ ghasl.

Abode, ^K* makdn;{j^» sukna.

Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.r-

dan.

Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.

Above, ^? bald.



YOCABTJLAEY.

About, jj± dor. —(concerning),

yj>yi^. jidur Jchesoos.

Absolute, jlia* mutlak; Jax~n> mus-

takil.

Abscond, v., crM, jJ dur roftan,

tf&kfgureekhtan.

Absent, v., c J-i t-*il£ gha'ib shudan ;

—in mind, J»lc ghafil ; Je\± ^^.ji

perishan-i-khater.Abstain, '., ^Jj^ji parheez kardan;

(to avoid), y&J?i^\a&\ ijtenab kar-

dan.

Abstinence, j-ft^ parlieez.

Absurd, jou^jbee hoodeh; ^/j***-?

bee

ma'ani.

Absurdity, ^^a beehoodehge

Abundance, ,J^J faravani.

Abundant, J\j\j faravdn.

Abuse, v., yj^ »U£.> doshna

dan.

Abuse, -Ilia doshnam.

Accelerate, v., ±J~ J-?3

ta

kardan.

Accept, v., ytjf^jjkabool kar

Acceptance ^J \j>Aj pezeerdi'.

Access, cj/ fcwrb.

Accident, jlol itifak.M

Accidental, ^^J'l itifaki.

Accidentally, IsUjI itifakan.

VOCABT/LAKY.

Accompany, v., osfj^j** Jiamrahee

Tcardan.

Accomplice, <2k^£.shareeJc.

Accomplish, v., ^ j»US tamam Tcar-

dan.

Accordingly, IJ* le haza.

According (to), &\yc mo-afiJc ; ^^_^

la mo-jib.

Account (news), j*z» Tchabar ; (mo-

ney), uL» hissab.

Account, v., yjjb v_jL^. Jiisab dadan.

Accumulate, v., *f*+z. jam Jcardan.

Accuracy, i^*- sihhat.

Accurate, ->* sahheeJih.

Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;

(false), o-^j' tuhmat.

Accuse, ^if oi^i shilcdet Jcardan

i>f\s.±\ ida'a Jcardan.

Accuse (falsely), ^j o»# tuhma

zadan.

Accuser, (J^= ]£ shalci ; ^ji>dard Jcardan.

Acid, <J>jtursh.

Acknowledge, v., o^tfj]/^ ihrar Jca

dan.

Acorn, kjij baloot.

4 VOCABULAKY.



Acquaint, v., ^U U^l ashnd salch

tan ; a iUSt W»1 -it-iZa dadan.

Acquaintance, U-l ashnd.

Acquire, v., ^jl »-iyaa fee tesaroofawardan ; ^t* ydftan.

Acquit, v., yj^jt-iW ma'af kardan;

{2zjTue>'h» khelass kardan.

Acquittal, ^^.i khelas.

Across,^--^jl az sar be sar.

Act, v., ^f kardan ; ^^J %e-

moodan.

Action, ^as fi-el.

Actual, J*??*- hakeeki; aJL, hali-eh.

Add (arithmetic), v., ^j/a^. jam'

kardan; (increase), O^js\afzoodan.

Adhere, v., ^J* chaspee

^ysjfjlai' ta'aluk giriftan.

Adhesive, e)U-~~*. chaspndk.

Admire, v., ^^x^jpasand kar

Admit, v., o^J*5 kabool kar

(to a room), ^f Ji-b dd

kardan.

Admonish, v., ^ta otf^' nase

dadan.

Admonition, o.*^ naseehat.

Adopt, v., ^^j jUil ikhtidr

moodan.

Adoration, o^Lc ibddet ; J^~

ris£es7i.

YOCABTJLAET.

Adore, v., ^^^ji peresteedan.

Adorn, v., &»\j\ arastan; ^[^jpee-

rastan.

Adulterate, v., *f tjli malhloot

kardan.

Adultery, lijzena.

Advance (money), v., ^ata J~ri peesh

dfidan ; (proceed), ^j J~j peesh

raftan.

Advance-guard, J5l/» J~i peesh ka-

raool ; (advanced camp), a*-* J^i

peesh Tcheimeh ; (advanced in

years), ti>j^^>sal Tchoordeh.

Advantage, »J^ fai-edeh.

Adversary, &+Z* dosimian ; <-k

hareef ; j^^ vandal.

Adversity, \ held; j^^ lad bakht

Advertise, v., aaf j^> viuntesh

kardan; a&\a /-^ intishfir d

dan.

Advice, \s^f naseehat.

Advise, v.,d* o&* naseehat

dan.

Affair, jVkfir; j*\amr.

Affidavit, ^Shasam.

Affirm, aifj)f\Mrfir Jcardan.

Affirmation, j\j\ikrar.

VOCABTTLAEY.

Affix, v., cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal),

^.i^gjnemooden.

Afflict, v., a*f)^* dilkhor kardan ;

sy. e)U^ ghumnak boodan.

Affluence, ^J^j^ dowlet mundee..

Affluent, J^^j* dowlet onund.

Affront, v., ^f *s~j#bee hormat

kardan.

Afraid(to

be), a*~>j tarseedan.

After, ±*> la' ad; u^fus.

Afternoon, j^- asr.

Afterwards, v. See After.

Again, jl>bdz ; ^^ do bdrah.

Against,<-i^« khelaf ;

^> zid ; J*1

*-

mukabil.

Age,j+* umr.

Agent Jij vakeel.

Agile, jjfirx ; &j) zarang.

Agility, &J firzee ; J^jj zarang

Aggrandize, v., ±f ^jj->. btiz

kardan.

Agree, v., c^> ^f>\rdzi shudan.

Agreement, j\jkardr.

Agriculture, u~p1j zaru'at.

Ague (and fever), j)3^ tab va l

Ah si ah; »\jvali ; J\j vdi.

Ahead, J~i peesh.

Aid, &Skomek ;«>J- medad.

Ail, 1'., o*#

^^ee

^boodan.

VOCABULARY.



Aim (object), &y*U mdhsood ; (tar-

get),-ullj nishdneh.

Aim, v., &*/ JjI/Icaraool giriftan.

Air, lj*hawa.

Alarm, i^-t* *Mrs>'

p**êem; uiji

fe/iof.

Alas. See Ah.

Alcove, iÂ

5 «^» s^ ^ nesheen.

Alert, jl-A*hoshydr.

Alien, aJ^j beegdneh.

Alight, v., e)J^ *>»W piddeh shudan,

Alike,^ barabar ; Ji* raisl.

All, ** hameh.

Allegiance, o*U»l itd-at ; ifj\*

ferman berdari.

Alleviate, v., &*ffkam hardan

Alliance, J^ ahd; J&Sl itifak.

Allow, v., ^\^guzdshtan ; ^bizn dddan.

Alloy,j\? iydr.

Alloy, v., o*£M *V«r fccwôm.

Allure, ujdb u-i/ /areeb dadan.

Ally, £& ra/eefc; ,U a/ar ;

doost.

Almanack, *jj&jtahveem.

Almighty (the), JU J\>& k

ta'ald.

8 V0CABT7LAKY.

an

Almond, J^Ij bddam.

Almost, elojinazdeek ; >-*>.J^

kareeb.

Alms, <wJw> sadakeh.

Aloe,^ sabr.

Alone, V-> tanlia ;dJ talc.

Along, ^jljJo be derdzee.

Aloof, J^ ba'eed.

Already, u-jj j\ J^j peesli as vaklit ;

(as a question), tjsj) ^ be een

zoodee.

Also, ** hum ; yj neez ;\J»\ a'izan.

Alter, v., v^v^j* avaz liardan.

Altercation,ataU*

nwjadileh.

Although, **f\ igur cheh.

Altitude, t^xL boolandi; clai'jl irt

Altogether, **U bahum ; U^**.

mee'dn.

Alum, Jl'jzak.

Always, *£-* hameesheli.

Am (I), *x~a hastam.

Amanuensis, *_J: lf katib.

Amass, v., sjf*j? jam'kardan.

Amaze, v., ^Jf^^*. hayran Tcard

Amazement, <—*s? ajab; o^ hayr

t—.s50

ta'ajub.

Ambassador, ,J*

'

eelchi.

Amber, \^kahruba.

VOCABULARY.

Ambition, yj>j»Mrss ; jJb,ki nazar

buland.

Ambitious,Ji5jJb buland nazar.

Amble, &/_ yurgheh.

Amble, v., ^j &ji yurgheh raftan.

Ambuscade, v^Skameen.

Amend, v., ^jô--,^ drust kardan;

cJiJT^s^ tas'hheehh kardan.

Amendment, **?***tas'hheehh.

Amiable, iy^j^ ndzeneen.

Amity, j^j* doostee ; <J^*« mehri-

bdnee.

Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ dakhil.

Amount, *i*o mublagh.

Ample, \î^kejdiet ; ^kafi.

Amputate, v., ^^ji buridan.

Anathema, eâJ la'anat.o

Ancestors, ^ba-1 ajdad.

Anchor, f£ langar.

Ancient, **J£ kadeem; i^kohne

And, j xa, o.

Anecdote, a-oS kisseh.

Anew, y)\azno.

Angel, *£>j ferishteh ;ell* malak

Anger,^3 kahr.

Angle, jS'kung ; i^^goosheh.

Angry, jl» jfkaj khulk.

10 YOCABULAET.

AnguJsh,jlj1azdr.

Animal,jjSW jawwer s o^ haiwdn.

Animosity, i^Tceeneh; j+£± dosh-

mdni; ojIj^ adawat.[]chan i zoreki

Ankle, c^ srTwtssefc; J, 5j ^y^ ] ustu-

Annals, &,\ytawdreekh.

Annex, v., ^jH payvastan.

Annihilate, v., o*f^ tamdn Tear-

dan.

Announce, &&\*j&Wwhr dadan.

Anoint, «., ^f^Jrs charl kardan '

Another, f.s Jk yeki deeger.

Answer, vlja. jaivab.

Answer,v.,

&a\a v\j>jawal dadan.

Ant, ^jy murcheh.

Antagonist, u%» hareef; J>'*«

kabil.

Antelope, 1p* jay

ran.

Anterior, c^r-s-i Jpeesheen.

Antimony,^ surmeh.

Anxiety, J^.^ tashveesh.

Any, ,*» lieech.

Apart, \J«. jwd# ; \y»seevd.

Apartment, ^y->manzel.

Aperient, J4-* mos'hil.

Apologize, v., tr-ly- jj*«zr TcMs

Apology,j<& uzr.

Apoplexy,*£~> sakMeh.

VOCABTTLAEY.

Apostle, Jj~^resool.

Apothecary, j^s- atdr ; jLlj-adawfi-

sfiz.

Apparatus,uLI ashfib ; i=>511 alat.

Apparel, db_# poshfiTc.

Apparent, >lt zfiher ;^vfizehh.

Appear, v.,^ o^.Uj nimayfin shu-

dan; ^J^ta^nemoodfir shudan.

Appearence, y»Ui sa7ier; U5 nema .

jj£,zehoor.

Appertain, v., ^^ tfibeh shudan.

Appetite, l^l ishtiha.

Applaud,v.,

^^.}\afereen guftan.

Apple, <-~-» seeb.

Apply (to put together), v., atyj

alka nemoodan; (to ask), ^^-

Tchdstdn ; c^/Jlf- soofil Tearda

Appoint, o^'jy^ ma'amoor Tcard

Appointment, c^j-U, ma'amoori-e

Apportion, v., dj/ow Tcismet k

dan.

Appraise, v., ^/c^ Tcaimat Tc

dan.

Apprehend (to sieze), v., jaf gi

tan; (to fear), ±*~>J turseed

^\z &+s>\jvfihemeh dasMan.

Apprehension, v*J turs; a+*\jvf

meh.

12 VOCABULARY.

Apprentice, ^/li shagird.

Approach, v., v&izjnazdeek.

Approbation, x*~j pasand; JoJjI^*

sawdbdeed.

Approve, v., ^^jJj—j pasandeedan ;

*p Jw-j pasand kardan.

Apricot, jlbj zard aloo.

Apt, J? Is kdbil ; Jj}) ld-yik ; t_—»L«

Aquatic, <^1abee.

Arbiter, cJU sd-liss.

Arbitrary, ,JU;zdlim.

Arch, jll» £a& ; ul^ mihrdb.

Archer, jljiJ-» sadaltddr.

Architect, o-J^ mohandaz.

Archives,^-

Is ^ deftiter.

Ardour, o^c gheirat.

Are, (v., Introduction).

Area, ^Ij^ maydan.

Argue, 'u., *f^sS guft o goo

dan ; y^ib J^+zS' keshmd

ddshtan.

Arid,elli.

khuskh, j>_[i bdyer.

Aries, J*a. hernial.

Aristocracy, ^y> buzurgdn.

Arithmetic, l-jL-s. hisdb.

Ark, 4uLi safeeneh.

Arm, jjlbazoo.

VOCABULARY.



Arm, v., j^x-jas^' asleheh bastan;

ly^jSkamar bastan.

Armoury,

aiU. *&. jubbeh Tchaneh.

Armour, j\j. yea rah.

Armpit, J*j baghal.

Arms, asM aslaha, t^j*o^l alat i

harbieh; elba. oj.il adawati jang.

Army, J&leshkar^jC^- asTcar.

Around, tjîjfgerdagerd; j^ dor.

Arouse, v., ^^TÎjuj beedar Tcardan.

Arrange, v., ^^0-,^ drust Tcardan;

^ta J*3 nazm dddan.

Arrangement, o~j j ^ band bast.

Arrear, JU bafct; a*3 tetumeh.

\ JLmI

Arrest, v., j&f giHftan; ±fhabs Tcardan.

Arrival, tjjj verood; Jy>j vesool

Arrive, v., &±~>j rasidan ; a

vdrid shudan.

Arrogance, j^/- gheroor.

Arrogant,jjî* maghroor.

Arrogate,v.,

^JU^l ida a Tcarda

Arrow,j£ teer.

Hi

Arsenal, *3 1* x&jubbeh Tchaneh.

Arsenic, yij-eK- marg-i-moosh.

Art, ^ /an ,• (jpl. yi /anoon-).

Artery, \^> sher'yan ; is), rag.

14 VOCABULAKY.

hI

Articulate, v., oif^ talafuz kar-

dan.

Artifice, aL* Jieeleh.

Artificial, ^y** masnoo-ee.

Artillery, *i\&y toopkhdneh.

Artless, <-jj3j*jbee vekoof ;

i*\~>

Seidell.

As, ay* clioon.

Ascend, v., ^J^l 91} bdld-dmadan ;

^jbol^jber dmadan.

Ascertain, v., &sf&** tahkeek kar-

dan ; ^f^* mo-ai-yen kardan.

Ascribe, v., .o^ta c>»—i nisbat dadan.

Ash (tree), eLt^V»jzeban,

gunjishk.

Ashamed, »Jû/.sharmandeh.

Ashes, i~^»ls. klictkistei:

Aside,jbTjJ der kendr ; <J>}> j*

taraf.

Ask, i?., cj J^-î purseedan ; &*/

soodl kardan.

Asleep, sJ^jî.kliabeedeh.

Asparagus, ajjÛ war choobeh.

Ass, j* khar ; s$\ olak.

Assassin, <jy* khoonee ; Jjls fcat

Assassinate, v., ljd^kusJitan.

Assassination, Jx§ featl.

Assault (military),<u** ham

VOCABULAEY. 1

J.j^yoorish; pp hejoom ; (high-

way) o-ij'^vah zadan.

Assault, ?., a&) zadan; (military),

iU*

aaj>hamleh burdan ; &*jj\ fj**

hejoom awardan ; (highway), tjj*],

zf rah zani kardan ; (night),

^fjSju shalgeer kardan.

Assay (metal),jU iyar.

Assemblage, u-V majlis ; o***?»

jam'eeat.

Assemble, v., *J\ f)f feraham

dverdan ; *f <**=> iom'kardan ;

d^*5 Jgyrftah-seel nemoodan.

jemd'at ; <j*hAssembly, o*Ua.

majlis.

Assent,

J/Mpezerd-ee ; J^ kabool

Assert, v., &sfj\j\ikrar kardan

y&fi-aijsj ta'areef kardan.

Assertion, j \j>\ikrar.

Assiduous, J.*s* mukay-id.

Assign, v., ^^fv^ ta-yeen

kardan

Assist, Û eUS komek dadan ;a

îb mojdad dadan.

Assistance, <&£' komek; ^ ydr

ix» madad.

Assistant, jî yar ; ;U-J dustyar.

16YOCABULAET.



Associate, *)/**humrah ; c>-Û»

humdust; &j rafeek; e^ sliereek.

Associate, v., &f J>V»hamrahee

Icardan; ^^^shereek shudan.

Assurance (certainty), &k yakeen ;

oJUUmowat; (trust),*\s&\ itakadj

(impudence), ^j^ bee sliurmee.

Assure, v., &*}&& Vdkeen kardan;

vzffi**-}^ kliaterjcim' kardan.

Asthma, u-» ** tangi'e nefass -

Astonish, »., d-*/ e>W *«*«**» fecw-

ckm ; (to be astonished), o-'/W1

taajub kardan.

Astonishment, c-^' taajub.

Astrologer, ^ munajim.

Asunder,W jwda.

Asylum,staUj pendligah.

At, ^ wuza' ,• u^ pees/i.

Atheist, uâ duhri.

Athirst, aî' tishneh.

Atmosphere, j»hdwa.

Attach, v., ji~,j-ipayvastan.

Attach, A+=» hamleh ; J^ji yoo

f^sf6

hijoom.

Attain, v., ^l* yaftan.

Attempt, v., ^^\ ikdam ka

^\g~>sa-ee kardan.

Attend(to

bepresent),

v., &*y

VOCABTJLAET. 1

Mzer hoodan ; (to pay attention),

ij> v-Jj)j-mo-azib loodan.

Attendance, ux>^ khidmeb.

Attendant,^ noker ; j£-Ai fc/ad-

metgar.

Attention, a^y tavajuh ; o-Wj* we-

i>a;zet>w£.

Attest, v., bj^U o.sl«£ shehadet da-

dan.

Attire, v., ^ji pooslxeedan.

Attitude,£-»j

uuz'e.

Attorney, Jij vakeel.

Attract, v.,±~sfkeslieedan.

Attribute, v., &*\* i=*«~i nisbut da-

dan.

Auction,^\jt hardj.

Aunt (paternal),<wc ummeh; (ma

ternal), ilU. klialeli.

Auspicious, i=*aa eU neefc6ttfcM.

Authentic, _^°sahheehh.

Authority, o,j5 kudrtit.

Autograph, Wj£->.> dust fcTmi.

Avarice, Ja? bwfc/il; o~~~i- kliassee

sat.

Avaricious, u-*-*- khassees.

Avert, v., c),>

./'£f'3 ^a/'e karda

jj\sfgardaneedan.

Avoid, v., ^J'^^ ijtenab karda

Avow,v.,

oifj\fi\

ikrdr kardan.

1% VOCABTJLAEY.

Await, v., a ±Z>Jaz^ muntezirshudan.

Awake, v., &sfj\<**>beeddr Tcardan.

Awake,

jW*

beeddr.

Away (absent), Lj-jIs gliaib.

Awe, \j»jturss ; <-»>» hhof.

Awhile, <JJ« mudetti; lJUjzamdni.

Awl, u^ darafsh.

Awry, J fcej ; us—ljli ua ?'asi; j1j»»li

na hamvdr.

Axe, j~>tabar ; (pickaxe),

eUT £o-

lan-ci.

Azure, ,j;j*-

samavi ;

l|I

aM.

B.

Babe, as: bachali ; J^ ti/L

Baboon, ^^^ maymoon.

Bachelor, sjj* azctb.

Back, o^ pwsW ;^ zahr

again), jUbdz ; *j\>j&

do-

u-j puss.

Backgammon, &js& tdkht i

Bad, Jo bacL

Badge, &^ nishdn ;ex.'&e.

Bag, *~fkeesseh; (horse's no

yy tubreh; (sack), Jlj*

(saddle-bags), ^j* hho

(carpet bag) a^- chanta.

VOCABULARY. 1

Baggage, & honeli ; yL asbdb.

Bail, ojU^ zemanat; ^^kefdlat.

Bailiff, Jij vakeel ; J-o** moliussil.

Bake (in oven), c^ii jyS j* der tanoor

•pookhtan ; e^ jpookhtan.

Baker, l_yUndnvd.

Balance (scales), jj\j>tardzoo ; (of

an account) J>[) bake; a*i> tetum-

meh.

Bald, tfkal; ^fkechel.

Bale, az—j basteh.

Ball (playing), i_>jj toop ; (musket)

Aft' galooleli ; (globe), sjS^kureh,

Bamboo, &\;j± kliayzerdn.

Band (party),jo-^ dusteli.

Bandage, J^ bund.

Bandit, ^jt\j

rdh zan ;

^duzd.

Banish, v., cJ.^r_lj»l ikhrdj kardan

Bank (of river),jSkendr ; t-J lub

Bankrupt, y-la* mufliss ; az~&j ve

shekesteh.

Banner, J& alam ; J^j bayduk.

Banquet, oiL» zidfat ; <iW> meh

mdnee.

Bar, J*« meel ; (ofa river), Jw» sud

Barb (of an arrow),jU. khdr.

20VOCABULARY.



Barbarian,^ ajnahi ; Vi> 9^'

reek.

Barber,

Adalldh ; jU- salwawi.

Bare,^ herehneh; ^ arydn.

Bargain,jV kerdr ;as* ata.

Bargain, v, d ^3 -»W c^rie71 s,odon '

Bark (of a tree), >z~>y,poost.

Barley, 3* >.

Barracks, »W)V serlazhhaneh.

BarreKofagun),^looleh ; (cask),

Sr-4 PeeP-,

x

Barren (land), ^ bfiyar.-j (season),

iClo. Tchuski.

Barricade, JL, sudd ;

^ bund.

Barter, «., o>>/^U modvezeh

dan; ^/^moladelehkard

Base, JJJ zaleeZ;^ fcato0r;

building), aVft honydd.

Bashful, »J^> sharmandeh.

Basil (berb), dW, ree/iaw.

A.Jfkdseli.Basin, ^1 Zegraw;

Basket, J-- sabad; *is feu#0%j

zanbeel-Bastard, ^ f1>

hardm zddeh.

Bastion,^/.

burj.

Bat (animal), ^ u^ s7mb pere

Bath, rU» hammdm.

Bathman,

^W*

Jimvmdmi.

VOCABTJLAEY.

Ml

Bathe, ^j *La. hammam raftan.

Battle, t&j*jang ; 1^-i dd-wd.

Bawl, ^j tjxina'areh zadan.

Bay (sea), g±* Tchaleej ; (colour),j^kahar.

Bayonet, »js^-*sar nayzeh.

Be, »., £&y boodan ; c^~* hastan.Hi

Beach, sjbTfcenare/i;JoZshutt;

Ja.Usa7ieZ.

Bead, jjla ddneh; i&o molvreh.

Beak,jlou murikdr ;«& n>«fc.

Beani,â> teer.

Bean, îU bdkld.

Bear, y*^. khirss.

Bear (suffer), v., (0^) j^sAb J*as t

hamuldashtan,orkardan; (carry

yj^j burdan.

Beard, ^j reesh.

Bearer, J*U. hdmil.

Beast, jylja* hayvdn ; jy\* janivar

Beat, 1?., £•>; zadan; (conquer), ^J

^sXi glxdlib shudan.

Beautiful, o,^-> yiî fcTios/i, soora

jj jija.fc/ios7i roo ;

<sLi» kashang.

Beau, s.,ebis kasliang.

Becafico, j^ja?s' aryeer fe/jor.

Because, il/j zeera fceh; d_j» choo

Beckon, v., a&fsJJS>\ islidreh karda

*

VOCABUIiAET

22

Become, v., a±* shudan.

Bed, B^y. Miabgah.

Bedding, M^5^ rakht* kMh -

Bedroom, -iSly tfW otdk M>05fc'

Bedfellow, v^r* ham Wldl -B

sheet, J~S. sfcwrnwd; v^molafeh.

Bee,^j zanboor; J-^J *<*»boor-

i-asal.

Beer, 3* ^ 06 ijo.

Beetroot, jJ^ cheghondar.

Befal, i'., tfJ£ o*> «™z sMdan -

Before, jM PeesJl » J** peeahter ;

Jjlaval.

Beg, r., ^fj\^gedd-eeTcarda

Beggar, \SSTgeda.

Begin, v., c^/er**M™'*arda

Beginning,\<&\ ibtidd ; Jj\ avaZ

Behalf, AJj vaseteh.

Behave (respectfully),v., 0^ M

adab beja aivardan; (careles

^JA J»l* gM/ZZsTwdan.

Behaviour, oi> harakat ; (g

^i\ aclab.

Behind, u-j pus; ^ ahab ;

pusht.

Behold, ^/xK negdhhardan;

j ^ftamasbalardan.

VOCABULAET.

Belch, v., i$j\ arogh (vulg. oroh)

Jcardan.

Belief, .ilL^l itikdd ; ^UjI ayman.

Believe, v., $f})\> haver kardan ;

cJiib .ilLxsl itikad dashtan.

Bell, ebj zang.

Belly, J3. shulcum.

Belong, v., <xi,jjlsx* muta

,

alah shu-

dan.

Beloved, jijc azsez.

Below, jij zeer.

Belt, ^jSkummerband.

Bemoan, y±jy» i^-^~il afsooss khur-

dan.

Bend, v., sf'

j» khum Tcardan.

Beneath, jijzeer ; oj£ taht.

Benefit, sJoU fa'ideh.

Benefit, v., tJ~jSZj neekoo karda

£*fjt±. khair kardan.

Benevolence, ^y- j** khair kliahe

Benevolent, slji^ khair khdh.

Bent (past of to bend), S'kej ;

khum.

Bequeath, v., d^c>s-»j veseeyet ka

dan ; ^jT*** hebeh kardan.

Berry, <uU ddneh; ^^ hub.

Beseech, ^^T^UxJl iltimass karda

24 YOCABTTLABY.



^ÎcjiJ istida'a kardan ; ^J>j^

^sfarz liardan.

Beset, v., y^f&l*.} ihdteh ~kardan.

Beside, v&isy nazdeek; *y nuzd; _â

pahloo.

Besides, iy^s- eldveh.

Besiege, ^^j^W mohassereh kar-

dan.

Besmear, y&fssj] aloodeh kardan.

Best, tf.jH*behtereen,.

Bestir, îfy^Sj^. harakat kardan.

Bestow, S\s dddan ; ^sf J^lSi

bakhshesh kardan ; ^Jâ, bakh-

slieedan.

Bet, \>jtishart ; jjo nuzr.

Bet, v., ir^~j\>jt>

shart bastan

j;^—> nuzr bastan.

Betray, v., ^^5 oj^ khidnatmoodan.

Betroth, v., d^T^l3 namzad kar

Better,^? behter.

Between, ^L* midn ; ca-> bayn.

Beverage, u-jji shurbut.

Bevy, xjj grooh.

Bewail, v., ^^j^- (_^-j—»1 afsooss k

dan.

Beware, v., ôi. j\*j?*khab

shudan; ^^ tV] dgah boo

^ji aik* mutili' shudan.

VOCABULARY.



Beyond, i_i^a>ian taraf; c^ ^1 an

samt.

Bible, w>&» i->\£* kitab-i-molcaddas.

Old Test. &\jy torat. New Test.

J-s^ anjeel.

Bid (order), ^U ^jUy/ermaw dddan.

Bier, o»jIj taboot.

Big, djjj buzurg.

Bigot, Lg^wgj mttta-assib.

Bile, /*» sufra.

Bill (money), s ^ herat; (of a bird),

Bind, v., j^—j bastan.

Biped, ii'^j^ dojpdyah.

Bird, c^* murgh.

Birtb, J^« mowlood; jJy tavalu

—day, t^fe&f?-

eed i mowlood.

Bit (piece), ^b pdreh; iS3 tekke

(snaffle), \jjy£.\ab khoory ; (curb

is** dahaneh ; (curb chain), j

zanjeer.

Bitch, eL* ».ilo mddeh sag.

Bite, i\, ^_f gazeedan ; ^f gt

denddn giriftan.

Bitter, Jj talkh.

Bitterness, j^ talkhi.

Black, *t-» siydh.

Blackbird^L sdr.

26VOCABtTLAET.

Blacken, v., &/*+ siyah lardan.

Blackguard, .dj-lj-hardmzadeli.

Blacksmith,£»\

ahenger.

Blame, je*3takseer ; ^ ^eta '>

sbT gunah.

Blameless,>U tf*<*^seer '

Bland, pi*.mol«i/em.

Blanket,& petoh.

Blaze, ^ shuuleh ; $* 0X0.

Bleach, v., &f*>* sefeed lcardan -

Bleed.v.^f^Moongiriftan;

tj d, rag zadan.

Blemish, y-~? anjb*

Ble8B,i;.,o^^ w barttidadaW

Blessing, o^? larakat.

Blind, ,/fcoor ; (window), ** p

dah.

Blind, v., v*fjfkoorUrdan.

zadan.

Bliss ej-ib-j saadat.

Blister, A>\ abileh.

Block, sj3

teereh.

Blockhead, j—1 alimdk.

Blood, y»fcTioon.

Bloodshed, J^ kail ; &jy>^

reezy.

Bloody,

^>

Tihoonee.

VOCABTTLABY.

Bloom, ihj&> shekoofeh.

Blossom, iij&> shekoofeh ; ^fgul.

Blot(stain),

ad) lekeh.

Blow, ^y> zarb.

Blow, v., o^jjj varzeedan.

Blue, ^jfalee ; ijfkebood; (dark),

Ju>neeli ; (light), &*)}j<? feeroo-

zeh-ee.

Blunder, 'J** kheta ;laic ghalat.

Blunt, J^ kund.

Blush, v., ^J^ 3f>j-*surkhroo shu-

dan.

Boar, e)jifcTioofc ;

^»khanzeer.

Board, a^i takhteh.

Boast, <-i^ laf ; ,jZ>jj» •>>»fc7i

/roos7iee.

Boast, v., ^^j <-i^l laf zadan.

Boat, Li?^ kerejee ; j~£ kesht

£) lotka.

Boatman, ^ j*S kerejee ban.

Bodkin, J^j* darafsh.

Body, *> badan; J> tan ; (dead

jl^l AasTi.

Bog, ivh&p murdab.

Boil, v., oif ji ^ abpuz-karda

^jujj^a. joosheeddn ; ^^ \J

joosh dadan.

Bold,^^ dileer ; jj~*> jassoor.

28 VOCABTJLAET.



Bolster, &> mutaka ; soi*

adeh.w

Bond (for debt), cL~»J tamasulc ;

(ligament), J^ bund ; J^J A:a?/d.

Bondage, ^^-.1 asseeri ; \jJ*>J^girif-

tari.

Bone, ^>£~^ ustikhan.

Book, ^JtTketab; —keeper, u«ls*

mohdssib ; ;b jiz daftar dar ;

—binder, uJU-» sahc/f;

—seller,

^jj L_>l6 Icetab feroosh.

Boot, *£*. chekmeh.

Booty, o,lc glutrat.

Border, tJ^S'kenuveh; ^b daman.

inulih- Bore, r., i^f ^jy sooraTch kar

Born, &£y> moivlood.

Borrow, v.,

^^\j>J karz girift

Bosom, a~-. seeneh.

Both, j^/» liardo.

Bottle, A^ii sheesheh ; ^^ but

eXo tung.

Bottom, j>_jzeer ; c^ taht.

Bough, ^M> sliakh.

Bought, sJo^i-khareedeh.

Boundary, da. hud ; J^-j sarhud

Bound(gratified), ^y** mamno

(obliged), jy^s* majboor ; (ti

busteh.

VOCABUIAEY. 2



Bounteous, Jil> bdzil.

Bounty, Ja? bazl.

Bow }C)Uffeem«n; u-j

5 ^os;—maker,

yTiUT Icemanger ;saddle— , J^

Tcaltdlc.

Bow (reverence), ^kuta'azeem.

Bowels, s&jjroodeh.

Bowl, ,.1?. jam;^Xltdseh.

Box, jjJ^-» sandook ; (small),

ja'abeh; J>j> bootee; (tree),.i

sliemshdd' ; (theatre),U^VL tak

nemd; (on the ear), ,J~>seelee.

Box, «., &*)«^-£m> musht zadan.

Boy, j~j pesser &\y* jdwdn.

i*£3*

Boyhood, ,j\y>- jdwdni.

Bracelet, Sjj y \> bazoo band.

Brackish, jy>shoor.

Brag, v., ^j «—s ^ Idf zadan.

Braid, v. ^l* bdftan.

Braid, s.,j\ynavdr.

Brain, sU^ demdgh.

Bramble, jl» fc7i«r.

Bran, i^r- sabooss.

Branch, ~\2> shdhh.

Brand, &U d##7i,

Brand, t1

., a3

/ ^^a^1 Cardan.

Brasier (brass-worker), ^C~ m

ger.

30YOCABULAEY.



Brass, Jj> Urenj.

Brave, Z>\^ hajura*at ; ^ shuja.

Bravery,x>\j> jura' at; o*W* shu-

ja'at. (

Bravo (exclamation) &j\ afereen.

Bray (of a donkey), &ff f a™r

Tcardan.

Breach (opening),«-»Ki shekaf.

Bread, U rwm (vulg. pr. noon).

Breadth, W* patina.

Break, r., cr-^ sUkastan; —faith,

-j& â s7iari sliekastan; —one's

word,

^Jy fcol sliekastan.

Breakfast, jW weMr.

Breast, a~-> seeneh.

Breath, u-w Tie/ass.

Breathe, v., oû- nefasskes

dan.

Breeze, -s-J noseew.

Brethren, c^jj braderdn.

Brevity, j\*&-\ikhtissdr.

Briar, Û.&&«*••

Bribe, *j£,risTireTt ;

JJ^j

fcarte

Bribe, *., o^b yA,WsfouaTi d^d

Brick (unburnt),o^ kh

(baked), ,J «jw; (tile),

kooreh ; -maker, JUo^ &

YOCABTTLAEY.

Bride, u-j^ arooss ; —groom, &L\*

ddmdd.

Bridge, s., Jj pul.

Bridle, s., <u*»> dehaneh.

Bridle, v., ^.s^ajjo dehaneh kardan.

Brief, s\ijTkootah ; j-*& mukhtasser.

Briefly, \j<£&mukhtussirdn ;

fcaSJI

il kisseh ; -»WU b'iljumleh.

Bright, adj., ^jj roshan.

Brighten, v., ^U ^jj roshan

sakhtan.

Brightness, fj^jjroshnaee.

Brilliant (of a precious stone), jljjl

dbddr.

Brim, t-J lub.

Brimful,j+J IvJbreez.

Brimstone, sffgoogird.

Brine, }y^\ ab-shoor.

Bring, v., &*j}\ awardan, or averda

Brink, lJ lub ; }\^kendr.

Brisk, Jl?. juld; JoUj o-^ c?w$£

chabook.

Briskness, ^^L. juldee.

Brittle, djU ndzuk.

Broad, ^pV» ; u*^ areez.

Brocade, LgJj^^3 kolabdoozee.

Broken, a=~Jw> shekesteh.Ml

Broker, J ^

deZ«I.

32YOCABTFLARY.



Brook,> nalvr.

Broom, uÛ J roob -

Broth,

^shorU.

Brother,^ brod-r/

(adopted),

«ji\y.j^^«der kh'andeh.

Brought, rtj «werdefc, or aiourdeTi

Brown, «^ fc^â^T/rfgandoom goon ; J^ ^kee > ^

a horse),>fcaTiar.

Browse, «., .^ chereedan.

Bruise, vjj*zurl.

Brush s., J*j br«s7i; (hair),r-

u-^

whX£i (clothes), e)^jmahootpak

toons (wood),^

he&meh.

Brute, tfV- /iayv«w.

Bubhle, i->^» 7iw6«b.

Bucket,^ dulu.

Buckle, el>*- sei/e7c.

Bud, **V ghunchehi »f*shetoo

Buffalo, j^^gclvmeesh.

Bug, u-1- s^ss *

Bugle, j_îs7iaypoor.

Build, v., cv»A beu^ fcar(2au;

c)j.

jrbenn^-ee-fcai dau.

Builder, *U> ben-na.

Building, Jl*balm** J

imdrat.

VOCABULARY. 3



Bulb, jL$ peedz.

Bull, i^J nur gdv.

Bullet, A^f gelooleh.

Bullrush, kjj> burydh.Bunch, &2>y» khoosheh ; a=-».j dusteh.

Bundle, ax—j busteh ;as5? bukcheh.

Burden, s.,j\ibar.

Burden, '., o^j^j-i zeer-bur-kardan.

Burial, ij^c*. jendzeh ; ^Jo tadfeen.

Burn, v., ij&-j~> sookhtan.

Burnish, v., ^ta ^ jeld dddan.

Burst, ., ^sfj tarakeedan ; ^\£Lshekdftan.

Bury, v., ^sf ^z duf'n kardan ;

^^TdU.

khdk kardan.

Bush, ai} buteh.

Business, Jfkdr ; Jii. shugh'l.

Bustard, tjyt.hooberreh.

Bustle, awKLt hengdmeli.

Busy, s., J^ii* mushghool.

Busy, v., 2>jf ^yJL* mushghool kar

dan.

But, jQ laykin ; U am-ma.

Butcher,i_>L>9 kassub.

Butler, ^kl3ndzir.

Butt (mark),ailii nishdneh ; (of

gun), (jlj-3 konddk.

Butter, sj^kcreh.

Butterfly,*>\jjj parvdneh.

34 VOCABTTLAEY.



Button, dJ^j pulek ; a*Sj dukmeh.

Buy, v., &^.J» hilareedan ; ±f e\^\

ibtid kardan.

Buyer, j^.j* kJvareeddr ; \jj£~*

mushtery.

By, jl aa; k bd.

C.

Cabbage Jfkalam.Cabin, jlkl otdk.

Cabinet, *$ $)* doldbcheh.

Cage, vJS kafass.

Cajole, v., ±f\Jo]

y navdzesh kar-

dan.

Cake, J^ komdj ; ^.jtf J^> n

shireen.

Calamity, toil dfat; &> beld.

Calculate, v., cJ ^/'vr)L«a. hissdb

dan; yJj+Z shumurdan.

Caldron, u&a deeg.

Calendar, mju takveem.

Calf, d\~>y gosdleh.

Caligrapby, ^j-iy^j*. khosh nesee.

Call, v., O i>j-S~\x~o sedd kar

jjjjJJ* talabeedan ; (out) i

dad zadan; (to account) oi^

mas'ool kardan.

TOCABULAET.

Tcardan.



Call, s.,\J-» sedd ; iJJ nedd ; ^b dad ;

eUU bong.

Calm, s., Ai ardm; o^L sdkat;

^^L. moldyem.

Calm, v., u^ fVor«m kardan;

ijf \zS^L> sdJcet Tcardan.

Calumniate, v., ^.jj o^j tuhmat

zadan; ^y&'si bad guften.

Camel, ^i- shutur. — driver, q^jAshut-urban.

Camp, j£j\urdoo.

Camphor, }y>V kdfoor.

Can, s., **y* doolcheh.

Canal, »\j>'\ dbrdh; J

Us handl.

Cancel, v., ^f Jkl? baieZ

Cancer, ^Uj^ surtan.

Candid, cJU sdf; JjJw» sadeeh; \J>

bee gharaz.

Candle, ££ shani'e.

Candy (sugar),oUi nabdt.

Cane (sugar), J^-*i ney shelce

(walking),L»* asd; ±>f$ choo

^»,.1«j

taaleemi.

Cannibal,j ly.*^1 «da?ra khor.

Cannon, ujy toop.

Cannoneer, j*^y toopchi.

Cannot (itcannot be), *jt~^ neh

shavad; o—s* jyC* murrikin nee

36 VOCABULAET.

(I cannot do), J& f\y+&neh mitd-

ivdnam bekunam.

Canon (rule), ^yls kanoon.

Cap, t^lcola.

Capable, J>U kabil.

Capacious, *~~j vasee'.

Capital (of a county), ois ^V P^takht.

Cape (headland), acL.5 demdgheh.3

Caper (jump), j^-o—» just o kheez ;

(plant), jS Tcdber.

Capitulate, v., ±\a *Jl-J tasleem da-

dan.> '.

Captious, Ty4 lojooj.

Captivate,?;., o^siJ^J* dilroha'i k

dan.>

Captive, j~»\ aseer; u*^s* malibo

(to take) ^fj^A aseer girifta

Captivity, J-9 kayd; ^J^sjTgirifta

Caravan, \^kdrawdn; JiU kdfi

ijlr1 ^J^kdrawdn serai.

Carcass, ^^ lash.

Cards (playing), jjj varak; <u*P g

jafeh.

in

Cardboard, \yU mukavd.

ttl

Care, c^*a him-mut; <jj\&k»kh

ddree; kUa.1 ihtiydt.

VOCABTTLABY.

Careful ihtiyat Carriage, t&j* droshTceh; jOIT

(to be), ^^fLUa.1

kardan; ^j^l^-i. khdbr ddr shu-

dan.

Careless, kUa*. ^bee

ihtiyat.

Caress, v., ^-^y navdkhtan.

Caress, jli ndz; \J»j\y>navdzish.

Cargo, j U bar.

Carnage, J» katl; ^jjij &j± khoon

reezee.

Carnation (flower), e%° meekhek.

Carnelian, j-Jic akeek.

Carpenter, jU najjdr.

Carpet, -kfgeleem; J^s farsh; ^Tcdlee.

leskeh; (of things), ^ La. hamd

Carrion, ^ i Idsh. — eater,J\y»

lashkhor.

Carrot, e)j,j zardek; £y>. havee

Carry, v., tj> burdan; zjT

haml kardan.

Cart, i>\f- erdbeh; ^ gdree.

Cartridge,

<&£6

fashang.Carve, v., J±j bureedan.

Cascade, jUujI dbshar.

Case (legal),a*jJu> mukadamm

(box,large), jjX^sandook; (she

i_i}U gheldf; (pen case), ^IJ-J

38 VOCABTJLAEY.

cJU.

lamddn; (condition), hdlat;

(in no), **•_)$#be heech vuj'h;

(statement of), JU. <jjs. arz-hdl.

Cash,J& nukd.

Cashier, jb Jj^s tahveel ddr.

Cask, 1--^ peep.

Casket, sJj>xi* sandvk cheh.

Cast, v., jyii.ljJl anddkhtan.

Castle, Asia kala'eh.

Castor oil el^S^cj^ roghan karchek;

i[ft ^jj roghan cherdgh.

Castrate, v., sjT*x»\ akhteh kardan.

Casual, ,j\su\ itifdkee.

Cat, iij'gurbeh.

Catalogue, i=*-^5 fihrist.

Catarrh, -ISj zukdm; &y nazleh.

Catastrophe, k> fceZ#.

Catch, v.j cr»/' giriftan. —&3jy» \»j*

sermd khurdan; ^J

chd'idan.

Catchword, ^b pasekh.

Catechise, v., ^^Jlj-j sooaZ kar

Cauliflower, JT^lTkalam gul.

Cause(reason), c---. subub;

Cause, v., sJ'kardan.

Caused, tsfkardeh.

YOCABULARY.

Caustic (nitrateof silver), ^t-

^ Celerity, ^^ chdbukee.

sang i jehennum.

Cauterise, v., tf-s/'cU dagh kardan.

Caution, ktx=J ihtidt.

Cautious, kU»ll; ha ihtidt.

Cavalcade, j 1^-.«—s dusteh sawdr.

Cavalier (horseman), j\>~»sawdr.

Cavalry, ^j- sawdran.

Cave,jlc ghdr.

Cease, u, &f *-*$y* mowkoof Tear-

dan.

Ceiling,<-&-> sukf.

Celebrated, ^*- mdroof; jj^»

mash-hoor.

Cellar, &+jf..jzeer zdrneen.

Cement,^j,j\~>

sdrooj.

Cemetery, ^1^5 kabristdn.

Censure, J*jj»> sarzanish.

Cent, jTgraz.

Centipede, \>J\j* hezdrpd.

Centre, ajW« midneh; la~»jvast.

Century, aJUj-» sad sdleh.

Ceremony, uXl taUeef; <Jfc t

luf.

Certain, && yakeen; g*°sahee

Certainly, Z}\ albetta; <s& h

shah.

40 TOCABULAEY.

Certificate, a«Ij c^^ rezdyet nameh. Chamomile, a^L bdbooneh.

Certify, v., ^.sta sjl^i, shehddet liar-

dan.

Chaff (chopped straw), sVk&h.

Chagrin, *£• ghum.

Chain, j^j zanjeer.

Chain, v., ^jT^j zanjeer Tcardan.

Chair, ^J^ sandali.

Chalk, J-a-» Jf gil-i-safeed.

o >

Chamber, tj^- hujreh; jltjl otdk;

*il». khdneh.

Chamois, ^^y. buzkoohee.

Chance, oj? bukht; j\u\ itifdk

Chancery, ail>pj daftar khdneh

Chandelier, c|^ J^. chehel chi

Change, jJu taghieer; (money),

khoordeh.

Change, v., ydzjJZ taghieerdd

cjV u^ avaz kardan; ^J

badal kardan.

Channel, ^jjsfi mujrd.

Chapel, Os-** musjid.

Chapter, ^U bub ; J-oj fusl.

Character (writing), *-»/-»•

YOCABULABY. 4

(reputation), 3j\ dbroo; (good), Chaste, ^\<&\ pdkddmen ; y»U» iaT

J.U5Qneekndm; (bad), |.U^»

bad-

ndm.

Charcoal, Jlej zughal.

Charge (custody), oiU imanet ; (v.,

(accusation),oj^ shekdyet; cî

tuhmat; (of soldiery),A** hamleJi.

Charity, J^** muhabat; (alms),

khairdt ;<w.x« sadakat.

Charm (amulet),Uj> du-a.

Chart, *£»£ nuksheh.

Chase,j&. shekar.

Chase, v., &*/]&> shekar kardan.

Chasm, <-i&i> shekdf.

>\j*

7ier.

Chastise, ^jTû-uj tanbeeh kardan.

Chastity, ^tae)^ pdkddmeni.

Chat, j&S gzift o goo.

Chattels, »->L-l «sbab ;Li.1 dshiyd

JU wiaL

Cheap, Îjjlcwzart.

Cheapen, v., a*j&» &))Jarzdn ka

dan.

Cheat, v., âb c-o> /areeb dadtan

Check, o«jU« memana'at.

Check, -Wbj c^^ wa'e kardan.

42 VOCABTTLAKY.

oL »l- shah or oL Chess, shatranj.

Checkmate, mat,

mat.

Checkmate, v., ^^ToUmaifeardan.

Cheek, ~j rukh ; ^>}\s.

driz.

Cheer, v., ^ta -sti shad dddan ;

y^L. JW**î.khosh hdl sdkhtan.

Cheerful, isJUrî.khosh hdlat;

khandeh roo.

Cheese,

^ paneer.Cherish, v., ^^ToiUa. hamayet kar-

dan ; o^jJL^ parvareedan.

Cherisher,^ parvar.

Cherry (white-heart), u-l^T gerdss ;

(morella), j]yi

alabaloo.

jj**>

Chessman,^, muhr ; king, »t- sh

queen,^jjj vazeer; castle, ~y ru

bishop, Js» feel ; knight, »-— 1 a

pawn, »^Lj piddeh.

Chest (box), <jjX** sandook; ^

yakhddn ; (breast), <i~-» seeneh

Chestnut,^ »li shah baloot;(co\ox

tskjTkorang.

Chew, v., Qîy? javeedan.

Chicken, a*.j*. joojeh.

Chide, v.j zf^jj~> sarzanish

dan.

Chief, tr-jj rey-iss ; tiLyt buzurg.

VOCABULARY.

akser; UU ghdliban. Choice, oU*3 inthikhab.



Chiefly,^

Child,* isi bacha.

Childhood, J^. bachagee.

Chill, \+j» sarmd.

Chilly, ^r»sard ;

eLi. khanuk.

Chimney, jX'*)* dood hash.

Chin, aJU. chdneh.

China (country), v& cheen ; (porce-

lain), jj-^cheenee.

Chintz, o** cheet.

Chisel, aJw eskeneh.

* This word is used by Persians when

calling for their servants—a remnant of

feudal times.

Choke, v., ly^Tito. khufeh Tcardan

Cholera, *1jjvebd.

Choose, v., ^/m^

5' intikhab k

dan.

Chosen, «-»i^ muntikhib.

Christ, ^^ c^a* Huzret i Eesd.

Christian, ,jrj~~c-Eesdvl.

Chuckle, *f J^-vJ lubkhund k

dan.

Cinder, )y* *s» neemsooz.

Cinnamon, j** j\?darcheeni.

Cipher (secret writing), J>jrumz

Circle, *jjb ddyereh.

44 VOCABULAEY.

Circulate, v., [ gerdesh ~kar- Lave t_-it talab dd



sfJ,i>j'

dan.

Circumspect,j Lla hoshydr.

Circumstance, iz+JS hey'-fee- at.

Cistern, «U chdh; ^Lilt_»l db-ambdr.

Citizen, (^- shahri.

Citadel, d,l a?'gr.

Citron, dJÛ bddrang.

City,j4& shahr.

Civil, w)^ moad-dub.

Civility, u->^1 adwb.

Claim, v-JJ» talab ;»U^1 ida'd.

Claim, v., ^.sjT

*U.iWcZa'a Jcardan;

(to a), Îjtan.

Claimant, ^J*, muda-ee.

Clamour, tlj farydd.

Clan, 4wll» tdyefeh.

Clandestine, ^^ mukhfee.

Classify, v., î/îL sdfhardan.

Claw, isLa. chang.

Clay, JTsftlL

Clean, db pat.

Clean, v., ^^T e)b pat Tcardan.

Cleanliness, ^/ijî pdheezegee.

Clear, lJU s#/.

VOCABULABY. 4

Clear-sighted,^-} teez nazar. Clothes (clothing), o», rukht ; oî

Clemency, ^ rahhm.

Clerk, sJ±~jy neveessendeh.

Clever,Jo*lib ddneshmund ; <J>j*\>

bd hoosh.

Climate, \y» vl db o hawd.

Clock, c^L sd-at.

Clockmaker, jLo* - sd-at sdz.

Clod,

-.^

kelookh.

Close, v., c^~j bustan.

Close (near), vk±j>nazdeek.

Cloth, ojJkL mahoot; (table), »>-

sufra; (saddle),^ Jj* arak geer.

Clothe, v., >yj\-*>i pooshaneedan.

rukhoot ; u-U lebdss ; (bed), c>i

^jlji.rukht-i-khdb.

Cloud, j>\

abr.

Clove (spice),<&&* meekhek.

Clover, && yungia.

Club (stick), jU* chomdk ;— t

gether, ^jfiii' ^slierdket karda

Coal, eL- Jlfcj swgrfral i sang ; (cha

coal), J^J zughdl.

Coarse, o^>> drusht.

Coast, ij\£~kindreh.

Coat, ^ fcafca.

46

atikeboot.

h

YOCA.BTJLABY.

Colleague, &?j rafeeh ; *~** r*



Cobweb, &yfr wpvdeK

Cock (bird), u-j>^oos 5 ^'^

sheer; (gun),

jU* cWmai

Coffee, j^5kahveh.

Coffin, c^ taboo*.

Coil, ^iyeecfc.

Coin, ^- sikkeh.

Coin, *., ^J & »* zadan '

„

Cold, *., V soma ; (rheum), fi

zulidm; *j>nuzleh.

Cold, adj., Aj*sard.

Colic, gi peecli.

w/iwisub.

Collect, *., o^/e^ 'W fcordan-

College, i-,J-medresseh.

Colonel, bLv- sarfcong. Lieu

colonel, eUr- w*« »uw?> sarha

Colour, «&, rang.

Colour, v., *>f&j rang hardan,

i\ &j rang zadan.

Colt, tfMrreh.

Column, aj~ setoon.

Comb, *3^ shtineh.

Combat, \?&dawa.

Come, v., o^ amadan.

VOCABULABY. 47

Come, imp., Lj lee-ah.>

Commend, v., c,^T«-ai/aJ ta'areefkar-

Comet, j\& f* ij\z->stdreh dum ddr.

Comfort (consolation), JLj tessald ;

(ease), o»]j rdhat.

Comfort, v., o*fL^ tessald lardan.

Comical, ds-** muz- hik.

Coming (future), *J±>.\ dyendeh.—

and going, >x- tx»\ drnad o shud.

Command, ^ hukm; J^>J fermdn ;

•J dmr.

Command, v., ^r-J fermoodan ;

^ata ^>J>ferman dddan.

Commander, sJoL/ fermdndeh.

dan.

Commendation, *-»*/« ta'areef.

Commerce, c^U: tejdret.

Common (universal), ^y& emoo-

mee; (plenty), ^J feravdn.

Commotion, \zS^-harakat.

Communicate, v., ^J j\&>\iz'ha

kardan.

Companion, jjj rafeeh; il^ harah.

Company, u-W* mijliss ; (soldiers)

JutjJ'goroohdn.

Comparatively,U~J nisbetan.

VOCABULARY.o YOCAiJU-LAiix.

Compare, •, <fif'A»U^rMbdek I Competence, M****



kardan.

Compass, U3 aL5 kibleh nemdh.

Compassion, &£• meru-at ; fjrahm.

Compassionate, ^j rahman ; s-*^

-»,sahib rahm; &3j* ^ ba me-

ruat.

Compatible, u—Umwnassib.

Compel, v., oi,j\ j3)*oor awardan.

Compensate, a*fj^-

tel«/i fcardan-

^\* J>^ avaz dadan.

ompe

lafi.

Competent, Ji$ la'ik.

Complacent, Jj^y. khdshdil.

Complain, «., *•>/ *>&> sheka

kardan ; ^nalidan.

Complainer, ^^^ shakee.^

Complaint, o>J& shekdyet;X

leh; *\>Jferyad.

Complaisance, J>y» ^ dilkhdshi

Complete, rU tamdm.

Complete, v., &f^ *a™ ~™

dan.aiv,

.-. , Complex, &j> & peechder pe

Compensation, J>f avaz; ^ te-| ^ f .^ > ^ mnMUt i roo.

I Complexion,/; *, rang i roo.

VOCABTJLAET. 49

Compliance, cwUj rezdyet.

m >

Composer, Cii** musannif.

Complicate, sf ***# peecheedeh

Icardan.

Complication, Jj^gi peechedigee.

Compliment, lj&S tekalluf ;j.^-.

saldm ; e>~# tahhniet.

Compliment, v., Oô~4> tahhniet

Icardan; âta j»^-»saldm dadan ;

&*jj\ W*. <-^' takaluf be jd dwar-

dan.

Comply, v., ^ ^j rdzi shudan ;

^•JjTJ^J Icabool Icardan.

Compose, ^f^-Sj> tarkeeb Icardan ;

(a difference), ^•aU ^> selahh

dddan.

Comprehend, v., J~+& fahmeedan

yzjT^^ji dar ydfi Icardan,

Compromise, &J\** musdlihheh.

Compromise, v., ^jâJlo. musdlih-

heh Icardan.

Compulsion, ^} zoor ; j*> jubr.

Compunction, i-s-Ij ta-asuf.

Conceal, v., o'ifo^H penhdn Icardan

Concede, v., &*\* «jW-l ijdzeh dddan

Conceited, jjju maghroor.

Concern, ^\i *s^ ildlceh ddshtan

^xib J»^ dukhl ddshtan.

Concession, *jM ijazeh.

50VOCABTJLAET.

5 *^^^^ Conditional,^ ba s7iuri.



Conciliate,v,^/^dan; ^f^j Bdzilardan.

Concise, j^^ muUasser.

Conclude, w ., ^/fU tomam tor

e,^^ fe/iatm feardaw.

Conclusion, ^ Ma*™ ; >1 fl^er-

Concubine, ***-> seegheh.

Concur, «.,

^J*V movafihsJiv^m.

Condemn, ».,^^ (^^seyasset

dddan.

Condition, JW Ml* c^ ^let '

J^\ aliwal; i*f bay fiVet; &imfe; (stipulation),

Vshurt.

Conduct,j^j ra/tar.

Conduct, v., 0*1 bfirdan,; (l

troops), ^kesheedan.

Conductor, LJt\j

rah nema.

Confer (discuss),v., a/v

sooal o jawab Tcardan;

moUlemeh lardan; (give)

luhhsheedan ; a*\* dddan

Confess, v., ^fjjb «»* to

Confession,^ *™r; u*1^1

Confide, «., 0*/^ b^» f

d^T,iUfr\itimad Tcovrdan.

Confidence, -sUp itimad.

V0CABT7LAET. 5

Confine (imprison), v., cJ^T'Lr-a. hubs Confused, J*jZ+ mushavash;

kardan ; ^J^jjj bund kardan.

Confirm(investigate), v., ^sjT £<&£

tahhkeek kardan ; (strengthen),

^j\jj \jpaidar kardan; (certify),

jj.jjTj^juw tasdeek kardan.

Confiscate, v., i>jf)*~<> zubt kardan.

Conflict, el-La. jung ; ^ji. j jjzad o

khurd.

Confound, v., gdj *«y bar hum zadan;

^jjy evjLc makhloot kardan.

Confuse, v., jÛ y\£±ji perishdn

sdkhtan ; $$f yii^J tashveesh

kardan.

yîmustarib.

Confusion, ol^kil istirdb.

Confute, v., iJ~^>\ja.)l Idjawdbkar

dan.

Congratulate, v., ^yîLfJU mobare

bad guftan; *f ^~;~$ tuhnie

kardan.

Congratulation, ^.slTjL. mobare

bddi;

ts-

ytftuhyiiet.

Conjugate, v., ^j^ *+*.jam' shudan

Conjecture, \£ gemdn ; J& zun.

Conjecture, v., ^sf yU'gemdn kar

dan.

Conjurer, jb

«3* hokkeh bdz.

YOCABTJLAEY.52

Connect, v., ^jH payvastan; J-y Consent, Jy*kabooU} ^Su L

mwidi.



,sU i usl dadan.

Connivance,^jj ^ •*«*» 3300.

she ; u*^ ighmaz.

Connive, «., tt*** r^ desta ^00'

•Mdofi; ^/^UWfffcnwafcarda*.

Connoisseur, u-^ s7reria

ss (with

the requisitesubstantive before it

as asp-shenass,a connoisseur of

hoi'ses).

Conquer, v., *>/#M™ kardan.

Conscious, fV\ agah.

Consecutive,^^W ^ ^ J

Uti,nedee/j i3*l*j rea«o/et.

Consent, v., o^ i*4**» 57

e^/M**kalool kardan.

Consequence, afr5 nateejeh ;

dkherat.

Consider, v., o*//5 &? £

^zjTuM**motale-eh kardan;

sanjeedan.

Consideration (thoughts), >5

^s tafdkur; (importance)

Consign (givein charge),

purdam>.

VOCABULARY.

murakib shudan.

5

Consist,^, ^Ji Consume, v., ^.s^Tt-i,* sarf kardan.



Console,^., ^^S^JLmtussald kardan

Conspicuous, J&>\ ashkdr.

Conspiracy, u-jL sdzish; jWl itifdk;

^ai' ta'ahood.

Constancy, Uj ve/«.

Constant,^U 5 vefd dar; jIj dayem;

J-c mutassil.w

Constantly, JLj3N.Jp aZa eZ itissal ;

&Z~*jb hamoesheh.

Consternation, (J^«» hayrdni.

Construct, &&.L* sdkhtan.

Consult, v., sfkardan.

CJ'jiT*

wiashvarat

Contact, JUjI itissdl.

Contain, v., gs&ld ddshtan.

Contaminate, v., ^^T^-ai nejess kar

dan.

Contemptible, j-fia. hakeer.

Content (satisfaction), ojU, rezdyet

Contest, -taW mujadileli.

Continual, .»»>» hameesheh'ee.

Continue (remain), v., ^JoL manddn

Contraband, *y** wwwnoo' ; A

ha/ram.

54 VOCABULAET.

Contract, Ask Is* mukati-eh ; \ojZ>tan ; O^^^gufto goo kard

shurt ; J^fr ahd.

Contract, v., ^tf A*kl<u mukatieh

kardan ; c^-j ^J^ shurt bustan ;

ysjTj^c. ahd kardan.

Contradict, cfsSûJs-j bur aks guftan.

Contrary, «-iÛ. khelaf.

Contrivance,^Jj' tadbeer.

Convention, ^b^|/ kerdr dud.

Conversation, o-sf suh but; aJ£»

mukalimeh ; jS&fguft o goo ; MJJ9-

J1^ j jaivab ve soo-al.

Converse, v., &&\&o^ suhbut dash'

*f \J\y* j J1_j-i jawdb ve s

kardan.

Convert (to change), v., ^jJ

gerddneedan ; &*f u»j*

kardan.

Convert, a., Jo j*. jedeed.

Convey, v., ^^ burdan ; ^J

Cook, j-il ashpuz: ~U» tub-bdk

Cook, i;., c^sJ jpilkhtan ; ^J'

tubkh kardan ; (to boil), ^Jji

db-puz kardan; (to broil), sj

T0CABU1AEY.

surlch Mrdan; (to roast), &*f\^\f Corn, ale ghileh; (wheat), ÔuTû



kebab kardan.

Cool, eU. Ichonuk.

Cool(from anger), v., ^oi oS li

s#&e£ shudan.

Coop (for fowls), u-is fco/ass.

Copious, oly »M/ad ,• ^J,]^ faravdn.

Copper, ,j«. miss.

Coppersmith, /*, missger.

Copy, * * saAJOdd; &jy* soorat.

Coquet, «., c,^/jl5 waz kardan.

Coral, ^lay* murjdn.

Cord, jyL-M^ reessmdn.

doom; (barley), y* jo.—

fie

A^y* muzra'a.

Corner, i^fgoosheh ; pfkunj.Corporal, ^l ,* dah bdshi.

Corpse, s*j* murdeh; ^ Idsh.

Correct,g=->

sahheehh ; o--,^ drus

Correct, v., *f ^S tass-hee

kardan; *f^z~,j* drust karda

Correspond (by letter), v.,^h aj

mukdtibehddshtan; (agree), jjl

&j> motdbik budan.

Corrupt, JO--JJ poossideh ; sju J

56 VOCABTJLAEY.

Corrupt, v., &J*»>yi poosidan ; $ Ji^xa Count, v., &*/*£>shumurdan.

Count, dJ^vl—a. hissdb kardan.



gandeedan.

Cost, oî kaimat.

Cost, v., ^îb o^» kaimat ddshtan.

Contemporary, oij«« ham vukt.

Cotton, *~jpuribeh.

Couch (sofa), oi***5 neemtakht.

Cough, as^-j surfeh.

Cough, v., *jf iij~> surfeh kardan.

Council, *\jy* u-V° mejlis shorn.

Counsel, c^j**^ nasseehat ; c^yumushverat ; (to take), ^^Tc^yL*

mus7it'era£ kardan ; (to advise),

g.itao*-1 nasseehat dadan.

Countenance, ^ roo.

Counterfeit, t-Js t-uZb.

Counterfeit, to, (money), c i>j

kulb zadan ; (persons), *f j

takleed kardan.

Country, ojÎj veldyet.

Countryman, ^^j veldyeti.

Couplet, ii~rJ bayt.

Courage, o^V*' shujd'at.

Courageous, cUA shujd ; ^J^ dale

Courier,jUU. chdpdr.

Course, Îj^ mayddn ; (rac

^jljjl_~» 1

jjjlj*« mayddn asp devd

VOCABTTLABY.

Court(palace), j\,

z darbdr ; (quad- Cover, s., yi^ poosh.

rangle), dL hayat.

Courteous, eJ^L, jly. Jchosh selook ;

»-j>>j-° moaddub.

Courtesy, i-j.il adafc.

Courtier, cjI£ ^ kc muldzim i rehab.

Cousin (through paternal uncle),

i*\jj+s. amoozddeh ; (through pa-Ml

ternal aunt), s*\j i+e- amehzddeh;

(through maternal uncle), s^j)U.khdloozddeh ; (through maternal

aunt), t*\jaJU. Jchdlehzddeh.

Covenant, J*c ahd.

Cover, v., <xZy poosheedan.

Covet, v., ^b ^J,tama ddshta

Covetous, dj» tama'.

Cow, j)Vgdv.

Coward, ^li ndmard.

Cowardice, ^j^k ndmardi.

Coxcomb, eliiiTcashang.

Crab, cs^^i. kharchang.Crack, i_jl&

shelcdf.

Crack(split), v., ^K^, shekdftan.

Cradle, t^^galivdreh; y3 wano.

Craft (fraud), aU. heeleh.

Crane(bird), l^a durnd.

58 YOCABULABY.

Crawl, v., ^j \j) o-J j^ chehdr

dust o pa raftan.

Cress (water), jyVL balakooty.

Crier (public), ^W- jdrchi.

Crazy, ajI^-sdeetdneh.

Cream, ^^- sar i sheer.

Crease, Is ta.

Create, v., ^J*/ dfreedan.

Created, tJi/\ afreedeh.

Creator, tfj\ afreen ; jlU. khalik.

Credit, o*/* hurmet ; J^-\ itibar ;

(promise to pay), <w nassee-eh.

Credit (to believe), v., &2>h *\z&\

itikdd dashtan; (to confide), .>L»1

yjiiibitimad dashtan.

Crescent, J^U 7*,gZaJ.

Crime, s\Sgonah.

Criminal, _ra&« mokasser.

Crimson, j*J kirmiz.

Crocodile, cl^j naheng.

Crook (shepherd's stick), <stykaja

Crook-backed, oi^ jy ftooz pusht

Crooked, S'kej ; *i. khum.

Cross, —U. khaj ; u.L saleeb.

Crow, clj z«£f7i.

Crowd, f»l*.ijlizdiham.

Crown, -Ij t«j.

V0CABT7LAEY.

Crucify, v., &*? ^*;W chehar meekhkardan.

Cuirass, r,j zereft.

Cruel, ^*j bee rahm ; &xr*r> bee

merooat.

Crush, v., ^j^TaJ leh Jcardan.

Cry (weep), v., zf *f giryeh Tear.

dan; (call), if\x<, sed« harden.

Cry, «., z\p feryad ; sm na'areh.

Crystal,^feaZoor.

Cubit, c,j zar.

Cucumber,jU k7u<m

Cue(hint), tj\i,\ ishdreh.

Cuff (blow), o-i- mwsta; (of sleeve),

u^-ir- sar-i-dsteen.

Culminate, v., aJuw, \#i\> be in

raseedan.Hi

Culprit, ^ai. mulcussar ; jfclfgoTear.

Cultivate, v., ^f^s^Xjj zard'at

dan.

Cultivation,jtf izZTkeshteh kdr.

Cunning, J( aU. heeleh kdr.

Cup, A\-j pialeh ; [£> finjan ;

kadahh; a—^ kdsseh.

Cupola, ±J?gunbad.Hi

Curator, ^^z* mutaval-li.

Curds (and whey), sj^ doo^Ti.

60 VOCABULARY.

Cure, -.^U ildj ; »,l*.chareh.

kardan

Cushion, ^^ bdlesh;£U mutakka

Ml

jAi mukhaddeh.



Cure, v., sf~~Sks- ildj ; »,l>.

^sfchareh kardan.

Curl, «-i jzw ^/-

Currency, -.1^, rowaj.

Current (money), ^}j rdyej.

Curry (horse), v., ^fj\^j teemdr

kardan.

Currycomb, jls kasho.

Curse, o^jJ la'anat.

Curse, ^Jjfet-^J la'anat kardan.

Cursed, &y&+ mal'oon.

Curtain, 5^ purdeh.

Custom, —j, russm ; sJ^ls kd'ddeh.'

1 CI

Customs, &jS gumruk.Customs' house, ail* d^ gumru

khdneh.

Cut, v., ^Jj^ bureedan; ^J^]/ fer

Cut, sjo^ bureedeh; sj^i.]/ terdshe

deh.

Cutlass, ^-~.».iisham-sheer.

Cylinder, aJ_jlooleh.

Cymbal, jy±~>suntoor.

Cypress, j^-.surv.

VOCABULARY.

D.j^lov numdaslitan; y±fjkardan.

Dagger,^* khanjar.

Daily, j*j> jj^

rooz be rooz.

Dale, sjt der-reh.

Damage, Jrb zarar ; «_~say&; c^L-i.

khessdrat.

Damage, v., jjL,jjj^ zarar resdni-

dan; ^sf^s. aybkardan.

Damascus, «l£ shdm.

Damp, s., ojj1»j retoobut ; J nwm.

Damp, adj., jv^j retoobuti; jIj^J

numddr; JJ turr.

Damp, v., ^1 J~*i num dadan;

Dance, ^j£jrukss.

Dance, u,^J^,

ruksseedan.

m

Dancer, ^Isj ruhdss.

Dandelion (taraxacum), ^Vkdssn

Danger,^, khattar ; i-Jy» kJiof.

Dangerous, dliJai. khattarndk.

Dare, v., ^^0,1—a. jessdrat kardDark, <siy\)

tdreek.

Darkness, ^Jx tdreekee.

Darling, l_>j-**mahboob.

Darn, v., ^J'yj rafoo kardan.

Dart, tjJ

teereh*

62 VOCABTTLABY.

Dash (together), v., v*j~vbdhwn

zadan.

^i jocmjs7mnbe/i.

—

Judgment, 1=**^ J3jroozi kiame

Date (of time), gfitareekh; (fruit),

l^i

khurma.

Daughter, j***dokhter.

Dauntless, bJU^jbee laic.

Dawn, ^\J-^ bamdad.

Day, jjjrooz ; pi ydm ; (Friday),

£j*juma'a

; (Saturday), ^shunbeh; (Sunday),

-~i£ y<*

shunbeh; (Monday), *-**•>do

shunbeh; (Tuesday),*-**- s« 71

siiMibeh; (Wednesday), <*~ijW

cte?w sTiurabeTt ; (Thursday),

— and nighty j L--i s/iwb ve ro

—by day, jjyi jjj

rooz be ro

Every — Jjj;^ hur rooz. To-d

j3r \ imrooz. — hook, eb-.» d

tafe ; **bjsjrooznameh.

Dead, tt>j*murdeh.

Deadly,eV muhlik ;

s^^kushe

deh.

Deaf,jT fear.

Deaf (to be), v., *y. fkar bood

(to become), CM fkar shudan

VOCABULAEY.

Deal (quantity),j Jl kudr ; (a great),

bisydr.

Decide, v., ^z SL hukm dddan.

SL hukm.

jL*j

Deal, v., ^î *«—«j talcseem Tcardan.

Dealer (trader),

J^\^sodager.

Dear (expensive), \fgerdn; (affec-

tionate),^^ azeez.

Death, d^ mcwv/ ; oj< mot.

Debt, \j>J Jcarz.

Debtor,jU^^S karzddr.

Deceased, *y*j+ marhoom.

Deceit,^ ghubn.

Deceive, v., ^y ajJu maghboonTcardan

Decency, ^fs~>\2> shdyestegee.

Decision,1

o

Declaration, -yi shurhh; ^s-\ i'ld

^Lj biydn.Declare, v., cp5'_ r

i shurhh guftd

jb ^Ûl t7«u dddan ; ^sj

biydn kardan.

Declivity, yjj.)^ sar-a-zeeree.

Decorate, v., ^^-Î drdstan.

Decrease, ^tfS'kam kardan.

Decree, ^5^9 fetva.

Decrepit, ~is«-» zaeef.

Deduce, v., ^j}]/- âr awardan.

Deduct, r., ±f S'kam kardan.

64

VOCABULARY.

Deed, &- sanad ; o*3

hujjet ;~~

(of sale), *»W> kebdleh. Title—J^Defendant, *J1 J-±*

mudda'i aley

Defer, v., eyS-tol #>* ta'areefc

bonchdk.

Deep,

^god ; ,>** ameek.

Deer, y»l<x7ioo.

Defamation, ^j..ladndmee.

Defame, v., ^/fU^ bad^zm feardaw.

Defeat, o—£i shakast.

Defeat, u, g^b 0-&- shakast dddan.

Defeated, *•>,> c*-** shakast khur-

deh.

Defect, l-~* ai/b.

Defective, <j*^>ndkiss.

Defend, Âl-a»& negah ddshtan.

dafc Titan.

Deference, c-/ hurmut.

Deficiency,^>« nuksdn.

Defile, v., o^/^ »w»i«s kwd

ô-Tdl^ ndpdk kardan.

Defile (passage),*&> tengeh.

Defiled, ^ najas.

Defilement, i=~A* tvajdsat ;

ndpdkee.

Definite, Îsfcate' ; £r>

saree

Degree, a»,^ derejeh.

| Delay,^ deeri.

TOCABULAEY. 65

Delay, v.5C)^rô.lj ta'kheer Tcardan ;

3

Delirious, Îj* hezydn.



eJ-iiO deer Jcardan.

Deliberate, tLa».l I ba ihtidt.

Deliberate, v., *ffi filer Tcardan;

±j> o,^ * mashverat kardan.

Delicacy, J^\i nazuki ; ir-ilid litafat.

Delicate, d,li ndzuk ;v-a.Wl Za£ee/.

Deligbt, k^few*;; ^b shddee ;

Ûi-ji. hhosh hdli.

Delight, v., C^L Jl^y. fc7i5s7i fossZ

sdkhtan.>

Delighted,^—, masroor.

Delightful, -ju mufarrah ;liX) j diZ

goghd.

Deliver (to give), v., *hrJLj fo*.

leemdddan; (to liberate), â/ahl

azid hardan; âta oli wejJt

dddan; ±jTyj,\> khelass Jcardan.

Deliverance, oUs' nejdt.

Deluge, e)^ £o/#n,.

Demand, v., ,^>\y- khastan ; ^J-Jk

talabeedan.

Demand, s., ytaly. khdhesh; ^J»

taZa&.

Demolish, ^^/ (-j1^ khardb hardan.

Demon, &* jin.

Den,jli ghar ;*>*)

Idnek.

66 YGCABTJLABY.

Denial,j Vol inhdr.

Dense, kj£ ghaleez.

Depth, ^sjfgodee; J*c- umh.

Descend,v., ^J^l ^J^pdyeenamad

Deny, v., sfJ6i\inkar hardan.

Depart, v., &*j rqftan ; aif

^fhooch hardan.

Departure, ~y hooch; <zSj*-harahat.

Depend, v., ^y <i^~j busteh boodan;

^y jlacx*muta'alah boodan.

Depopulate, *f &\jj vayran har-

dan.

Deposit, ojM amdnat.

Deposit, v., ^UrooLl amdnat gu-

zasktan.

Depredate, ^J o,l* ghdrat hardan.

Describe, v., ^jT^L^ baydn har

gzid J^-aaJ tafseel guftan.

Description, ^Lj ba.ydn; J~a£

seel.

Desert, ^Lj bee dbdn; <j^i da

\jsr°sahrd.

Desert, v., ^\J^guzdshtan; ^f

tarh hardan ; (military), ot

ferdr hardan.

Deserter (military), ^J\j ferdri.

Deserve, v., ^^ jO** must

boodan.

VOCABTTLABY. 67

Design (intention), ss\j\irddeh ;

3f*h>wa~ksood; (sketch), *£& nuk-

Devise, v., ^&J^Sa tadbeer kard.an.

Devoid, khdli.

sheh.

Desire, y^\

drzoo ;

J^y-khdhesh.

Desirous, Jvi*£*l_ji.khuhesh mund ;

ijLJLe mushtdk.

Destroy, v., ^^f\f\j* khardb kar-

dan.

Destruction, (jjl^ khardbee.

Detach, v., ^j^TIjo. judd kardan.

Detail, J^tf tafseel.

Detain, v., ,jz^\3»Ki negah dashtan.

Detest, v., ,jJ^Jo bad dmadan.

Devil, ÎW.- shaitdn.

Û.

Devote, v., {^,\_fJ\j Tcerar guzashtan;

&&£ <j\jj3

korbani kardan.

Devoted, jjû mutassadik ; (your

devoted), Li ^J* faddvi shuma.

Devotee, s., c^-Ju* mukaddass ; l_—,'~~

muta'assib.

Devotion,

c^Le ibddat.

Dew, J c_~i shub num.

Dexterous, jl-X kar sdz.

Dialogue, ol^j Jlj- soodl vejaivab;

y^stTguft o goo.

Diamond, y-Ul almass.

68 VOCABTTLABY.

ul

Diarrhoea, Jl*J iss-hal; ^jj Sz>

sheTcem ravish.

Difficult, J££* mushkil ; j\fZt*d

vdr.

Diffidence, vahemeh.

Diary, a*^ roozndmeh.

Dice)V$* muhr.

Dictionary, u>»J loghut.

Die, v., aM oji fot shudan; $*j*

murdan.

Diet, v., ifj^jj parheez kardan.

Differ, v., tf&\& jj farlc ddshtan;

c^->b cjjIw tefdvut ddshtan.

Difference, jjs /<xrA;; ojUj tefdvut;t_»î»l ikhtilaf.

Different, 1j^ judd; »J^^c alahe-

deh ; jtp gheir.

a*Jj

Dig, v., Jj^Tcandan.

Digest, v., ^j Ji^j'tahleel

rafta

Dignified, ÎSjlba vekdr.

Dignify, v., ^L t-J^ mush

sdkhtan.

Dignity,jl»j vekdr ; a li» shd'an.o >

Dilatory, v^—.

sust ; J~j tunbul

Diligence, * 1*2*1 ihtimdm.

Dilute, v., c)j/' Îs fca£t kard

±J'] ^s* makhloot kardan.

Dim,^b tar.

VOCABULARY. 69

Dimension, i^-U' kidss ; ÎaIo mikddr. Dirty, v., sf\j^ keseef kardan

chirk

Diminish, v., ±jT£ Team kardan;

Ozf*\>^koota kardan.

Dine, v., &Sjy* *& sham khurdan.

Dinner, -li. sham.

Dip, v., tfsfjj* ghurh Tcardan.

Direct, o-»^ rdst; ~?-~-~-<> mustakeem.

Direct,v., ^if A\jit\j

rdhnama'i

Tcardan.

Directly (straight), ^^—c Ui,^ dar

Tchut-i mustakeem.

Dirt, u>6\~S~kesafat ; jfj*chirkee.

Dirty, U^fkeseef ; d^.chirk.

yjji^d^. kardan.

Disagree, v., ^b (_i^bi.l ikhtild

ddshtan.

Disallow, v., ^J^> J^5 Jcdbool n

kardan.

Disappear, v., ^Ji Jja-i* mafkoo

shudan.

Disappoint, v., &f±#>\ li na omee

kardan.

Disapprobation, ^J^~j U na jpassan

dee.

Disaster, o»1 afat; ^ held.

Disbelieve, v., ^J^ j^. haver n

kardan.

70 YOCABULABY.

Discernment, jUxJ imtidz.

Discharge, 1;., aS\& o^a. jawab da-

Disconcert, ^L tj^Li* muzte

sdklitan.

dan ; C ^J> îy* murakhas kar-

dan ; ^j^j^ beyroon kardan.

Discharge, s., ^^j* murakhassi.

Disciple, *>/\i shdgird; Jo^ mureed.

Discipline, Îkalintizdm ; Ji3 wuzra.

Discipline, v., ^.sta ,.1*3wmw dddan ;

uji/o-ijitarbidt kardan.

Disclose, -y., ^.^f^l^l iz-hdr kardan.

Discomposure, ujlûil izterab; t^-la-j

vahhshat; ij^jjperishdni; jh**.

Discontent, cwU,U w« rezdyet.

Discover, v., &&f\j&.\ ikhtird kard

Discourse, jkJ nutk ; olki. khetd

Discourteous, ^1<j_ foe a<2ct&.

Disease, ^^ maraz ; ^ji-lin« f

s7u ; i^j dartZ.

Disgrace, Jl^ rissvdee.

Disgrace, '., ^j/Ij-, rissoa kard

o^sljk ti &ee aferoo kardan.

Disguise, '., ^/Û Jjjuj tabdeel

lebdss kardan.

Disgust, o^ ?i(/rai.

YOCABULAEY.

Dishjoliio boshkdb ; ^Jji zdrf.

Dishonour. See Disgrace.

Dismount, v. act., ô^ sÎj pidd

shudan.

Dislike, v., ^ J^ pasand ne

kardan.

Dislocate, v., ^f ^~i fuskhkardan.

Disloyal »\f»esUi nemelc hardrri; U^j

bee vefd ; ^-klxdyen.

Disloyalty, ^j*- KiU5 nemak hardmi;

(ojUi. klviydnat.

Dismal, eJUJ^ft,Mlndk.

Dismay, v., ^JujLj^ tarsdneedan.

Dismiss, v., ^^f <j^v* muraklias

kardan; yzjT^j*] ikhrdj kardan.

Dismissed, sJC, <jx»j*muraklias sliu-

deh.

Dismount, v. pass., ^^fuLi piddkardan.

Disobedience, jUy li na farmdn

L5£ftlt1 b na ita'ati.

Disobedient, <^s-%\ j bee itd-a

aJa^jJi gheyr i mutee.

Disorder, j&jj^jtashveesh ;

{J ~>.j

puss o peeshee.

Dispatch, v., sJ~ ii\jjrawdneh k

dan ; jjj^U-^ feristadan.

Dispensary, <uU.\j*

daivd khdneh.

Disperse, v., ^^b pdsheeda

^sfjuiii pakhshkardan.

72 VOCABULARY.

Displease, v., ^Jj* jiy. fc7ios7i ne

amadan; (vex) ^U jft^ ranjeshdddan.

Distant, j3 J door ; Juw ba'eed.

Distinct, -»lj vdzehh.

a j

Displeasure, Jj ranj.

Disposition, (temper), _Jj* mizdj ;

oJU. hdlat.

Disposition (arrangement), t-~jytarteeb *u>j vuz'e.

iy\sY>ossess,v.,^jZ.\ji.\iJchrdjlcardan.

Dispute, clji neza; J-s j JU &«Z o

fcai/Z.

Dispute, v., ^J^y neza kardan.

Disrespect, (S»]/»-\ ^ bee ihterdmi.

Distance, toiL* musdfat; A*\s fds-

sileh.

Distinguish, v., tf j^ tameez

dan.

Distress, \->\)a*>\ izterab ; *^% fe

hat; Ji^jj jperishanee.

Distress, v., *f ^li^ peris

kardan ; ^jT^JaJn muzterib k

dan.

Distribute, v.. zfj>J3 tafreek k

dan ; ^$j> *s-«o takseem kard

Distribution, i^~«—I kismat ; «e

takseem ; Jif3 tafreek.

VOCABULARY. 73

District, ew^j velayet; <^**£L.hekoo-

mat.

Divan, o£*^ neem takht; \^SJ?

neemkat.

Disturbance, s^fitneh ; ^^ aslioo-

bi ;\i-y- g hog

ha.

Disturb, v. (moral), ^f o~^A P e~

rishdn Jcardan ; ^s>J J^.y^> tash-

veeshkardan; (physical), o^».U.jl

^j hum.

Dive, v., £*j»> £>£ ghooteh khur-

dan.

Divers, ^^m ba'azi ; J^ chand.

Diverse, jjz* mutafarek; &y^fgoonagoon.

Diversion, 1-i.Uj' tamdshd ; —J3 ta

faruj ; oiU-» ziafat.

Divert, v. (please), ^L^jy—> mas-

roor sdkhtan ; (turn off ) .*^t

garddnidan.

Divide, v., ^j? *~~x* takseem kar

dan.

74

Dividend, ow Itismat.

Divine, ^AJIillalii ; ^si.

khoddee.

TOCABULAET.

tdzee ; (sporting), ^^> tool

(puppy), <sL»a3ji>tooleh sag

« eU

Divorce, jWo teldk.

Divorce, v., ^b j^k faZafe dadan.

Divulge, v., &*fj\j>}ibrdz kardan.

LDizzy, ptS'geech.

Do, v., *J^ kardan; (make),

sdkhtan.

Doctor (medicine), k-~-J» tabeeb ;

(learned man), **£* hakeem; lib

da?i« ; (of laws), J^s* mujtahed.

Document, Js-^fkaghaz ;>xu- sanad.

Dog, eL- sa^f ; (greyhound), ^jli

Dog-star, \jjs£>she*tree.

Doll, ^Lijj/s aroossek.

Dome, -xS gunbud.

Domestic (servant), j£y noker ;

wild), ,_/iili- khdnegee.

Dominion, o~bL< sultanat.

Donation, J^£- bakhshesh ;

Donkey, cYl oZafc ; J* khur.

Door,^^ dur.

Doorkeeper, \>jtdurbdn.

VOCABULARY. 75

Dormitory, *fc<->^y» Tchdbgah.

alaiii nuTcteh.

tan; y^ib eLi s7*afc dashtan ;

j^xil JJLTgemaw dashtan.



Dot,

Double (twice), tj\i)*dobareh; (folcU,

Vo dolah.

Double (letter of alphabet), J^Juiilj

ba tashdeed.

Double-faced,^ j* do roo.

Double-tongued, ^jj^ l_-^.U sahib

do zebdn.

Double, v., &*f^ td Icardan; *jT)lji

dold Icardan.

Doubt, a~i shubheh; tsli sliak.

Doubt v.,

^\^s^ shubheh dash-

Doubtless, (sli ^ bee s7iafc.

Dove, l^s Mmree; (ring), &f\]/a

fcereera.

Dough, ^*i. khameer.

Dower, »^o mihreh.

Down (below), ycb pdeen; (on chin)

sj~-

subzeh.

Downfallen, *jt»l vftddeh.

Downhill, jL)\r>sarazeer.

Doze, v., g&j c^a. churt zadan.

Drag, v., ^J^S'Tcasheedan.

Dragon, U^jlizhdihd.

Draper, )\jtbazaz.

Draught, ^ bad.

VOCABULARY.

Dropsy, i«» istiskd.

Drought, tJ^- khushki.

1- k



Draw (to drag), ^sJS'kasheedan ;

(sketch),±~^ && nuksheh ka-

sheedan.

Dread, \j*Jtarss.

Dream, Lj\ji-ktidb.

Dress, u-lJ lebdss ; dby, poshdk.

Dried, g^Telii. khushk harden.

Drill, ..ila mashh dddan.

Drink, v, ^J^y nusheedan (khur-

dan, 'to eat,' is usually employed

instead of nusheedan).

Drop, s., tJaSkutreh.

Drown, v., ^j^» J/ ghurk

dan.

Drug, IjJ dawa.

Drum, JJ» tubl.

Drunk, o-* must.

Dry, elio. khushk.

Duck, d-^l urduk.

Due, ja- 7iafc.

Dull (not sharp), &fkun&.

Dumb, i&S'gung ; JV Idl.

Dung, y pehen.

VOCABULAET.

Duplicate, *jai^-5 nuskheh-i-du-

yum.

77

E.

Durable, -1jÛ fea dawdm.

During, *ta U ma dam.

Dust, isJU. &7itffc; jU ghuhdr; *f

gard.

Duty, o^> min-nat; <-iX> takleef.

Dwarf, J5 s^^kootdhhud.

Dwell, v., gjsitaUC. suknd dashtan.

Dye, elj, ran^.

Dynasty, aLJL silsaleh.

Dysentery,Jl*-1 ishaZ.

Each, yt liar; ck,» haryek.

Eager, jUt* mushtdk.

Ear, J^J'goos'h. —ring, t}^<fgoosh-

vareh. —of corn, *Zy»khoosheh.

Early, >>jjzood. —

rising, ^j-z*>j**

sahr-kheezee. — in the morn-

ing, ijj -*-» subh zood. —spring,

jl& Jjl aval i behdr. —fruits,

j>£ no her.

Earnest, J*i—> musta'idd.

Earth, is) *- khdk ; et*jzameeu.

78 VOCABTJLAEY.

Earthy, Û. TchdTcy.

Ease, o^|; ra-hut ; îd^,] asoo-

Education, o-o^ tarbeeyat.

Effect,^' asar ; as^ nateejeh.



degee; ^yL-1assanee.

East, Jij2-° musliruk.

Easily, Ûl \> ba assanee.

Eat, v., &i>jy» khurdan.

Ebb (tide), jja.juzr.

Ebony, u-yjl dbnooss.

Eddy, \J\$yq irdab.

Edge, »* dum.

Edict, Û/ fermdn.

Educate, i>j o*j,-j tarbeeyat liar-

dan ; uMjij?, parvareedan.

Effeminacy, ^>*t%> moldyam at ; ^

nurmee ; \j^j*k na mardee.

Effort, J^jT Itooshish ; ^jj-.s«'ee.

Effrontery, ^j^^. be shurrne

^^^.S'gostdkhee.

^SE) £j* t^ tttkhm murgh; (to

eggs),

j^jf^-z

tukhm guzashta

(soft boiled),^) ^J »a£ tukhm ne

puz ; (hard boiled), 2^ ci- s

pukhteh ; (fried), *j~3 neem ro

(yoke of) jjj zardeh ; (white o

YOCABTJLAET.

(shell), u>~»jj

79

sX*Ju* seefeedeh j

poost.

Elongate, v., ^îSj^ derdz kasliee-

dan.

slji khdh;(. >>%*

Eight, v^lft Jiasht.

Either, U i/a ;

heech kuddm

Eject, v., ^jT^jj^ beroon kardan;

^sfJ\j»\ ikhrdj kardan.

Elbow, Jj\ drenj.

Elect, v., ^^T'l-jI^' intikhdb kardan.

Elected, l_»«^* muntakhib.

Elegance, o^j zeenat.

Elephant, J-i feel.

Elevation, \uj\ irtifd.

Elin-tree, ^15 ndrvan.

Eloquent, j5^ sukhan goo.

Else, *ja. juz ; >j&be juz.

Emancipate, v., ±f i\j\dzdd kar-

dan.

Embarrass, v., sf *»- dshufteh

kardan ; ^J~ t-^ka*mustarib

kardan.

Embellish, v., [^\J \ ardstan.

Emblem, ^liJ nishdn.

Embrace, v., ^f J* baghal girif*

tan; tf>y <J>$\ j* der aghoosh

girifian.

80 VOCABULARY.

Embroidery, <jjj* jjzar doozee.

Emerald, Sy) zumurud.

Empower, v., ^^/^Ui* mukhtdr ha

dan.



Emetic, Ji^'j-J dawa-i-kay.

Eminence (rank), ^fyf. buzurgee ;

(hill), Kjj]/\r- sarafrdzee; ^jJo

bulandi.

Eminent, dy» buzurg.

Emit, v., a^/^.\jaJ\ ikhrdj kardan.

Emotion, ^}^>\ izterdb;{J^&\ a-

shuftegee.

Emperor, j^S ka'isser ;»li^»>Lii shah

in shah.

Employ, v., a&\& J*i shughl dadan ;

jjjÛ j% Tear dadan ; yiji J^.«

mashghool hardan.

Empty, jJU.Ichdli.

Enamel, U~o mee?w&.

Encampment, j^,lurrdoo.

Enclose, v., *JÂ>\*.\ ihdteh karda

Encore -J]

afereen; tj^ô dobdre

La.;*marhaba.

Encourage, v., $fjlz daleer ka

dan.

End,^ dkher ; j-»sar

;*rfl anjd

«sa. khatm ; \&i\ intihd.

Endanger, i\, c^ jJl^lai. >>ji ciar fc/

tar anddkhtan.

VOCABULARY. 81

Endeavour, Jut>f kooshish ;{jt~>

sa'ee; *Ui*l ihtimdm.

Enlarge, v., Mpf&jjk buzurg Tcardan;

i>yz\>_) ziyad Tcardan.

Endurance, <-jU tab ; osll» takat.

Enemy, cî-^ doshman.

Energetic, )j> firz ; *&>jj zarang.

Engage, c^-^ o^co da'wat khas-

tan.>

Engine, *£L mangeneh.

English, i^r-lCjl Engleez.

Engrave, v., ^J^kandan.

Enjoin, v., ^^Tjo b' ta'keed Tcardan.

Enjoy, v , ±j>laa. huz Tcardan ; J^y-

c.xi jfkhush guzdsTitan.

Enlighten, v., ^J~ ^j roshan Tcar-

dan.

Eumity, ^^ doshmani; ^Ss.

adawat.

Enough, y-j buss; c^&'lcefayeb.

Enter, v., ^.xi Ji-b dakhel shudan;>

^j y too raftan.

Entire, ^VTcdmel ; -Uj tamdm.

Entirely, J*Ub bil-kul.

Entrails, s^ roodeh.

Entrance, Jy-o delchool.

82 VOCABULABY.

Entreat, v., â/'u-UsJIiltimtiss kar-

dan.

-wW lefafeh ; Îpaket.

Erase, v., ^^T^^ saf kardan.

Erect, v. ^f v-*> nasb kar

buland kardan.

Envelope,

Envoy, ^-J»Jeelchi.

Envy, J-.* hassad.

Envy, v., ^j>.<*-*» hassad burdan.

Epilepsy, pL, ^-sar sam.

Epipbany, \y> ^ Mu& shooyan.

Epitome, s*s*?mukhtasser.

Equally b&raber ; J*la.

mukabel ;

j\*+*hamvar; ^j

1— musavee.

Equator, 1^-1^ khut-i-istwd.

Eradicate, ^gH jl

a« beefc7t feaw

dowi.

^TjJj

Erection, J^l^J istadigee ;

ikamat; (building), JW ben

cj,U& irndrat.

Ermine ijI^ senjdb.

Err, t'., uVO*- sa 'M ' kardan

^jTghalat kardan ; asf^

kardan; *f^khubt kard

^o^j^i khelcif kardan.

Errand, ^4 paygham.

Error, U& ghalat.

Erudition, yjta ddnish ; ^ Ur

VOCABULAEY. 83

Escape, v., &&$' gureekhtan ; j]/

^sjTfrdr kardan.kardan; *j jyua takfimeen za-

dan.

Escape, y.fgureez ; j\J> ferdr.

Escort, iS,Si badrakeh.

Especially, Lâs.* makhsoossan;lJs-

yoj^sJi ala el khesooss.

Essence,jty* jo liar; <z>\jzdt.

Establish, v., i>_fIt y her pa kar-

dan ;

^jja*mukarar

kardan;^j^La) nasb kardan.

Estate, JU mdl.

Esteem, v., ~JA*y..f

azeez ddshtan;

^^1.} *jzs* muhterem ddshtan.

Estimate,v.,

±f ^j]^bar-dvard

Estrange, v., ^sfj^ door kardan.

Et-cetera, s^cj vagheyreh.

Eternal, fd^-â hameesheh-ee ; ^Jolabadee ; «>U dayem.

Eternity, Jo\ abad.

Evacuate, v., &fjk. khdli kardan;

^3j*A£ takhlieh kardan.Eve, L_~i> shub.

Even (of numbers), o-a?. juft ; (odd

or even), us*Sa.l» dJ tak ydjilft.

Even, adv., +* hum ; jJ neez.

Even(to make), ^ûJU sdf

kar-

84

J^L. j\y* hamvdr sdkhdan;

tan.

*j]A slierd

VOCABULARY.

Evil, ^jS) bad.ee;

(misfortune), h held.

]

shut.

i^-» sar-gu

Even, adj., ^jl—» musdvee ; j\>«*

hamvdr.

Evening. -Ifi sham;

Event, j'ii'l itifdk;

zasht.

Ever, <ii^»» hameesheh.

Every, j* hur.

Evict, v., tf^f -\f*\ ikhrdj kardan.

Evidence, »«sWi> shehddat.

Evident,J^ dslikar ; ^>\jvazehh

Evil, adj., Jo had.

Eunuch, ^ y- khdjeh.

Euphrates, ^>\Jferdt.

Ewe, ^J^c sjU madeh meesh.

Ewer, aj'^1 aftab eh.

Exact, \z~*\jrdst ; ^u be-ayneh

o

Exaggerate, v., Jw£l ighrdk.

Exalt, v., ^1/1 afrdkhtan.

Exalted, j\j>\ afrdz.

Examine, v., &<*yj\azmoodan ;

3

^ifimtihdn kardan.

Examination, o \0*\ imtihdn.

VOCABULARY. 85

Example (specimen), -uj*3 nemooneh;

(model), ^j-» soorat.

Excessively, jJ 1

jy file el hddd ;

»jU]| jy f5k el a'adeh.



Excavate, v., ^xS^kandan.

Exceed,v., {

j^^guzas'htan.Exceeding, u>j»L«J nihdyat ; o^lj

ziyddet; jL~? bisydr.

Excel, »., a J.i J-iU /flzti shudan.

Excellence, J-is /azL

Excellency (title), vUa.jen«b.

Except, v., sj\^~,\ istisnd kardan.

Except, 1_j~»sivd.

Exception, UizJ istisnd.

Excess, J> .ilij ziyadetee.

Exchange, v., i>fj>*s- avaz kardan;

^if J^Lo mobddeleli kardan.

Exchange, *., j>y- avaz; Jjo badal ;

JojJ' tabdeel ;dJ^L. wobddeleh.

Excite, v., i2&f>\ angeehhtan.

Exciting, jS'A angeez.

Exclude, i>J P-y°y* mowzoo kar-

dan.

Excuse, j^s-uzr ; u^Jj«*

ma'azarat.

Excuse, v., ^ J....

*. B bakhsheedan ;

(one's self), ^^J* -uzr fcftas-

86 VOCABITLAEY.

tan ; cj-^«.1jj

kha'stan.

o,j*^ ma'azarat

Execrable, ^^Ju mal'oon.

J+ijjvarzeedan ; (a horse),

^ij gardash burdan.

Exert, v., ^>J> j^>jT kooshesh



Execute (to do),d\z ^y soorat-

dadan ;

(to kill), ^^S'kushtan.

Executioner,tjf

M> nasakchi ;&%>.

jal-lad.

Executor, ***) vasee.

Exempt, i_iU-e ma'df.

Exempt, v., ^.i^-il** ma'df kardan.

Exercise, ji-o maslik; [J»jj* varzash;

(ground), ji-. \j~* maydan i

mashk.

Exercise v., a i\i jJL* mashk dadan;

dan.

Exhaust(to empty), zjT J\±

kardan; (fatigue), ^$fx^~± kh

kardan.

Exhausted, ^U. khali; ax-»i kh

Exigence, --W1 ihtiyaj.

Exist, v., j^-a hastan; a 2j> boo

Existence, ^^^ hastee ; *y*j ve

Exodus, o,.** hejreh.

Expect, v., ^xita jUiJl intizar d

tan ; ^\z ;Jy tavaku' dash

YOCABTJLAEY. 87

Expectation,jllxjl intizdr ; gSyta-

vaku.

Expediency, cu-~»U_« munasibat ;

Experiment, ^UJ'' imtihdn.

Expert, .al=~>l ustdd; ^*±.Ijba lchabar ;

\X~j.li shayestehgee.

Expedient, i_—>\u mundsib.

Expedite, ;.,o^lW to? ajeelJcardan.s

Expedition, j\a.jald; ^ tund ; isJ^lU.

chaldk.

Expel, v., ^sf —\f*\ ikhrdj kardan ;

^^T^c^j beyroon kardan.

Expenditure, -y*. kharj.

Expensive, J\jTgerdn.

Experience, ^.Ujl azmdyesh; ^jd

tajrubeh.

Expiration, *UiiJl inkiza ; j~>sar.

Expire (time), v., ^J^ *UfiJl inkiza,

shudan ; ^J^l j->sar amadan.

Explain, v., jJ^^Uj bayan kardan;

^U. liali.

Explanation, ~jt> shurhh; Lj ba-

ydn.

Expletive, J^lj pfkelam zdyed.

Explicit, fa> sareehh.

Expose, v., tfj\£>\ izhar kardan ;

sf)\j>\ibrdz kardan.

88 YOCABTTLAEY.

Expression (pronunciation), Soak tala-

fuz ; (phrase), c^Lt i bdrat.

Expunge, v., ^j Js Jcalam zddan.

Extol, v., 2>J^<~&>j*i ta'areef Jcar

Extort, ^J'jsj^. bd zoor giriftan.

Extraneous, aibCo bee gdneh; \

Exquisite, »-iJJ lateef.

Extend, ;.,^ xJ^j\jt>

derdz Jcasheedan.

Extension, J^ tool; ^jj\j*derdzee ;

o*-j vusa'at.

Extensive, £*~>jvusee\

Exterminate, ^ (•J^**maadoom

Jcardan.

Extinguish, ±f yi^U. Ichamoosh

Icardan.

Exterior, oiJ^. beyroon; ^l* Tcharej.

External, &3j*o\ azbeyroon; k^&-

Jcharejan.

ghareeb.

Extraordinary, t-^s* ajab;jjU mdd

»«sUSljji fok el a'adeh ; v_^c g

reeb.

Extreme, l$a intihd ; j»1 dkher.

Exuberance, ^jS'jiisrat ; J^J z

Eye, *£•*• clieshm.

Eyebrow, j^ldbroo.

Eyeglass (spectacles),isl~£ eynek

Eyelash, ^y* muzhgdn.

TOCABULAET. 89

Eye (pupil), eUjy. mardamek.

Eyesight, _,1jo.jdeeddr.

Facility, <JU asdnee ; o^-» sehoo-

lat.

Fact, ofliSa. Tidkeekat.



F.

id

Fable, ±*3 kisseh; ^l^ta dastan ;

ooKL. hekdyet.

Fabricate, v., j^l- sdkhtan.

Face,^,roo ; s^. chehreh; J^j pay-

leer ; ~j i uxli.

Face to face, jj jjroo be roo.

Face, v., $f Jj'Ju mukabel kardan.

Facetious, ±jL shooJch.

Facilitate, U^/' UL1 asdn Tcardan;

yjjjS^J^. sahl kardan.

Faction, jiilk tdyefeh.

Factory, jiUylTfearkhdneh.

Factotum, tJ^*+*>hameh kdreh.

Fade, ^J^ *•*/* Ji pazh murdeh shu

dan.

Faint, t—^ za-eef.

Faint, v., ^J^ ur1^-? &ee hoosh $hu

dan.

Fair, i_uj& zareef ; ^jy> u-j* khos

soorat.

Fairy, ^ #eri.

90

Faith, ^UjI aymdn.

Faithful, jta &* deenddr ;jtaUj vefa

dar.

Fall, iiftddan.

VOCABTJLABY.

Farther, jjjji doorter.

Fashion, --, russm.

Fast, tjjjroozeli.

Fast, v., j^b tjjjroozeh dashtan

^alal

False, c^-i deroogh ; \->&Mzb.

Fame, -.13 nam.

Family, a3'i- Jal ahel-i-khdneh.

Famine, J^ kahh-tee.

Famous, j^-^-»mash-lwor ;

ma? roof.

Fan, y.*\i odd bezan.

Far, jjz door.

Farewell, *tajvedd.

Farrier, J^> J*3 na'al band.

Fast, adj, vXu tund.

Fast (fixed), \>y^ mazboot ; S

muhkem.

Fasten, v., ^jTby^ mazboot k

dan ; ^sfj^s* muhkem karda

c^~j bustan.

Fat, >-j^-churb.

Fatal, 12&4* mahlik ; JiU kdtil.

Fate, ji<&i takdeer ; l-..̂ 3 nase

£1*tale'.

W*

VOCABTJLAKY. 91

Father, j Jj pedar.

Fatigue ^^-^ hhastagee.

Fatigue, v., ^fyz~± TchastehJcardan.

Feel, v. , ^jf^-J ?ams kardan ; ^-o.

^^T^-iss Icardan.

Felt (cloth), Jl»3 namad ; (p. p . of

Fault, u_~& ayb ; late ghalat.

Favour, ^L^ meliribani ; i-AJ

lutf; oldl UUfat.

Favour, v.,^b oldl iltifat ddshtan.

Favourite, i_**.U<, musdhib.

Fear, ^-pr turss ; <-Jji. fc/io/.

Feast, cîUi zidfat ; ^L*** rnilimd-

nee.

Feather,^j per.

Feed, v., ^b cJl,y. Tchordlc dddan ;

i\^ j.ULtd-dm dadan.

Tofeel), (.^--s* mahsoos.

Female, oU mddeh.

Fermentation, ^J>y*. joosh.

Ferocious, ,^>j vahhshee ; sJJ,c

derendeTi.

Fertile, jb J-.U.li&silddr.

Festival, J^ eecJ.

Fetch, v., ^jl dwurdan.

Fetid, sJjjS'gandeedeh ; ^û muta-

'afin.

92 VOCABULAKY.

Fever, l_«j tub.

Few, J'kam; JJiS kaleel ; dJJl andak.

Fidelity, Uj vefd.

Fine, v., ^î a*^ jereemeh kard

Fine (thin), adj., d^L bdreek; (be

tiful),isLls kashang ; yiji. kho

F\g,j~<\ anjeer.

Fight, ellia. jawa ; ly^.3da'aiva.

Fight, v., ±f ska.^ aw a kardan;

sf\f.$ da'aiva kardan.

Figure, JC* haykal.

Filbert, jJci funduk.

File, yjUî sohdn.

Fill, a;., o-i/î pw kardan.

Filth, oiLi'&esa/at.

Find, v., ^Îj^j paydd kardan.

Fine, a*^ jereemeh.

Finder, oiiol angusht.

Finish, ^^p j.Uj tamdm kardan.

Fir-tree, —^kaj.

Fire, ^'1 aiesTi

Fire (to set on), tj JB 1 aies7i zada

(to make a), ^^T^tjl aies/i C

dan.

Finn, J JjU pai' dar ; j\/j>bar ker

pj.UTcdyem ; Lû mazboot*

First, Jjl awal.

Fish, Û mdhi.

VOCABULARY. 93

Fishermanjfj^* mahi geer.

Fist, cu£-> musht.

Flesh, ^jfgooslit.

Flexible,^.i plchMiur.

Fit (proper),}^ sezdvdr ;

mundsib.

Fix, v., *f Ss» muhkam Icardan.

Flag, JJ*-> baydalc.

Flame, <*1«^ shu'leh.

Flash, ,fsMJu±ji> darakhshandegee.

~F\sit,j\}+* hamvdr;>-i'ue

sdf; e)lji_?>-

Flax, ^^Mtan.

Flea, dTfcefe.

Flee, v., j&f' gureekMan ; o'irj^J

ferdr Icardan.

Flight, jifgureez ; }j> ferdr.

Flock, & gilleh.

Flog, v., *jzadan.

Flood, J~» sayl.

Floor, cn*j zameen.

Flour, ij\drd.

Flow,Uk

xi

e^U.jdri shudan.

Flower, $gul.

Fly, ,^-C magas.

Fly, v., cjJ^ri pereedan.

Foal, tjTliureh.

Fodder,«-Jlft 'ala/.

94 VOCABULARY.

Fog, ao meh.

Fold, b td.

Fold, v., *fk td kardan.

Forehead, ijlt-j peeshdni.

Foreigner, i_^£ ghareeb.

Forementioned, jjTl* mazkoor.



Follow, v., ^J'i^ie. dkab Tcardan.

Follower, £% tale'(pi. &>*>& ta-

be'een).

Folly, c^sLa. hemdkat.

Food, (2)ij^a.khordk.

Fool, ,j*&.1 alimak.

Foot, b pa.

For, ^^ berai; l#£ be jaJiateh.

Forbid, v., &fa~* man'a kardan.

Force,j^j zoor.

Ford, i^jjfguzargdh ; j*x+ ma'abar.

Forenoon,^; ,jLo peesft az zw/ir

Forest, JKX». jangal.

Forfeit, *+ij=* jareemeli ; jU» ta'o

Forgery, J*?. ^'a'aZ.

Forget, v., ±f~ J±y>\j faramo

kardan.

Forgive, v., ^sJLki bakhsheedan.

Fork, JKIa. chengdl.

Forlorn, J^r> bee kas.

Formal, ajU—j rasmdneh.

Former, ^si-o peeshter.

VOCABULARY. 95

Forsake, v., ^\jfguzdshtan.

Fort, Asia kala'eh.

v.,maz-

Fragment, s^b pareh.

Fragrance, y^y* khosh boo.

kdb.

Fortify (a castle), ^f\>yJu,

boot kardan; (a sick man), oy^\^ koovet dddan

Fortunate, u^i-^y- khosh bukht.

Fortune, o-as bukht; l-~-oJ naseeb.

Forward, (jt-j peesh.

Foul,eh*, chirk.

Foul-mouthed, ^j^ bad zebdn.

Foundation, t^-Ll asdss; jLj bunydd.

Fountain, »,1y fovdreh.

Fowl, £,* murgh.

Fox, «ljj roobah.

Frame, y^

France, a-JI^sFrdnseh.

Free, ah\ azdd.

Freedom, ^Ijl azddee.

Freeze, v., ^j^-i & yakh bustan.

Fresh, »j'u'tdzeh.

Friend, o—j-s

doost ;

j\ydr.

Friendship, j~>)*doostee.

Fright, u*J turss.

Frighten, v., ^J^Laj turssdndan.

Frivolous, jJj^J bee ma'anee.

Frog, <w^/kurbdkeh.

96 VOCABTTLAEY.

From, jlaz.

Frontier, j^-. sarhad.

Froth, uSkaf.

Furlough, i^j* muraTchassee.

Furniture, *iU. t_>LJ asbdbi Ichdn

Future, sJ^l dyendeh ; <^\ dtie

Frown, -i-1 dkhm.

Frozen, J^* munjamid.

Frugal, *j\$ ledne'.

Fruit, »j;* meeveh.

Fry, v., $frj~> surhh Icardan.

Fuel, *-* heemeh.

Fulfil, v., zf^$3 taTcmeel Icardan.

Full, jj pur.

Funeral, »jUa» jendzeh.

Furnace, J> furn (vulg., foor) ; jyj

tanoor.

Futurity, c^i.1dkherat ; sJ^.\ dy

deh.

G.

Gain, *ii nafa' ; J-*U hdsil.

Gain, v., ^L ydfban ; ^y. J

hdsil burdan.

Gait, t\jrah.

Gallop, »z do.

Gallop, v., ^JojJ daveedan.

Gamble, v., ^.i^Ls Tcomdr Icard

VOCABULARY. 97

Game<j}\> bdzi.

Game(sport), JCi, shekar ; (to make

game ot any one), ^siljol ci~o

Gather, v., ^if^jam' kardan.

Gelding, axil akhteh.



dust anddkhtan.

Gang, «j'J» tail efeh

Gaol, u^^. huhss ; ^1 jJj zendan.

Garden, c'o bdgh.

Gardener, \J>\> baghban.

Garlic,^--, seer.

Garment, ^LJ lebass.

Garrison, jliL sdkhloo.

Garter, .x^lj zdnoo band.

Gasli, *ij zukhm.

Gate, 5jlj;.J dervdzeh.

General, k^y sarteep.

Generally, ^j** umoomee ; Lj**

Generation, J-J nasi.

Generosity, ojli- sekhdvet.

Gentility, ojUi nejdbat.

Gentle,

^Û moldyem.

Gently, ax-aI dhesteh.

Genuine, J~J dseel.

Get, v., ^fgiriftan ; ^l yaftan.

Giddy,^fgeej.

Gift, ytîtf bakhshesh ; ajJ* hedich.

H

98 YOCABULABY.

Gild, v., sjr%3-* rnutald Icardan.

Ginger, J~*ij zanjebeel.

Girdle, &~>j£~kamar band.

Glitter, v., ^.xJLi.j.idarakhsheeda

Globe, i) kureh.

Glory, JÛ. jelldl.

Girl,^s.^ dokhter.

Girth, eLj' tang.

Give, v., (j-ita dddan; ^sJm, bakh-

sheedan.

Glad, ^b shad; JW-ji. khosh-hdl ;

.jyiji.khoshnud.

Glance, «& negdh.

Glass, <v£~2» sheesheh; ^Ks-1 istikdn.

Looking— azA dyeneh.

Glazier,^ aJL-i, sheesheli bur.

Glimmer, ti^Aj;rooshndee.

Glove, (jiXLi^ dustkash.

Glue, \J-ij-* sareesh.

Go, v., ^j ruftan.

Goat,jj buz.

God, IJo. fcTwda; JSt JiZaTi. —p

serve you, ajfos&j ljUi

lJ* kh

bhumdrd negdh ddrad. — forb

JaXj Ijo. khodd nekunad; *Ulj»

istaghfer dllah. Good — C

*U\ subhan ullah. O —, 1^1

YOCABtTLAET

khodd. For —'s sake, 1j±.J\j>j\

azbera'i Tchoda. willing jJJULul

inshullah ; |ja. klwdd be-

99

Gradual, ffjcam kam; ^Sb ba

tadreej.

Grain, ii\* ddneh.

Jalya

khdhad.

Gold, ill, feZ/s.

Goldsmith, ,Sjj zargar.

Good, ijy. Jchoob.

Goodness, Ljji. khoobee.

Goods, ljL.,1 asbdb ;

JLwa£.

Goose, jU Zc«z.

Govern, v., ^.^fcu-j^. hekoomat kar-

dan.

Government, l^£L hekoomat.

Governor, J U hakim.

Granary, ; Lil unbar.Grand,

^kc azeeni; &$ buzurg.

Grant, v., *\* dddan ; .ib«jL|

ijdzeh dddan.

Grape, ^ylii dngoor.

Grass, ^_eic

alaf.

Grasshopper, JL malctkh.

Gratis, cui* mufti ^ ** mejdnan.

Gratitude, JiL shukr.

Grave, jJ kabr.

I

Gravel, eLv reeg.

100 YOCABULABY.

Gray (in material), ^Jli khdkes-

teri ; (horse), J/ kiz-zil.

Graze, v., o^i^ cheridan.

Groan, <^U naleh; »l a/i.

Grocer, Jl& bakkd

Grove, jlj o*^ darakht zar.

Grease, ti^ charbi.

Great, djyj buzurg.

Green, j~.subz.

i

Grief, *t ghum; a-»e ghusseh.*t

Grieve, v., o^J* ** * ghusseh khur-

dan.

Grind, v., c3j/'cjL-1 asydb Icardan ;

(paintsand drugs), &&/ *3L» saZa-

•yehkardan.

Groan, v., u>xrir'<»3l3 naleh kashee-

dan; yjJ^^'jl «7i kasheedan.

Grow, v., ^J^jj roo-ee-dan ; a J-i.

buzurg shudan.

Grumble, w., ^j »>xJ lundeh zadn

Guarantee (person), ^U zami

(warranty), ojU* zemdnat.

Guard, mL;lj passbdn ; ^J ka

ool.

Guard, v., ^^'hi*. hifz kardan.

Guardian, fe&5—« mustahfiz ; (o

minor), Jk\j ndzer.

Guest, ^We* mehmdn.

Y0CABT7LA.BY. 10

Guide, JJu balad ; Uit\j rahnemd.

Guide, v., ^\J\+J *\jrah nemdee

Jcardan.

Gunner, ^.Ljy toopchi.

Gunpowder, c^l bdroot.

Guilt,tl^gondh

;

j~*£Jtakseer.

in

Guilty,jja» muhasser.

Gulf, -sJ^. Tihaleej.

Gum (arabic), g,^ *+~, sumgh arabi;

J?>\ angum ; (of the teeth), oij^

yjljo^ gooshti-denddn.

Gun, eL« tufang ; (cannon), u>y

ioojp.—

barrel, *)jlooleh. —

stock, jljul konddle. Hammer of

gun, jl»Sa. chukmdh. Trigger,

<i^>b jpdslineh.

Gutter, yjljjU ndvdan.

H.

Haberdasher, jl^jbazdz.

Habit, ojU 'ddet.

Habitation, ,j£l-» muskan.

Hail, e)^' tagarg.

Hair, j* moo ; (of woman), ij-fgeess

Half, j*jneera.

Hall, ^b ddldn ; j^lljtdldr.

Halter,^Li 1 dfsdr.

102 VOCABULARY.

Hammer, ui^- chakush.

Hamlet, sjft^ dehkeddeh.

Hand, o-o dust.

Handful, o-^* inusht.

Happy, .iy^i. khdshnud.

Harass, v., ^^Tevo.il aziat karda

Harbour,jJ^j bunder.

Hard, ^^^ sakht; (difficult), J



Handkerchief, J'>*s-».s

dust-mcll.

Handle,jJ^^ dust-geer.

Handmaid,^ keneez .

3

Haudsome, sj^y- khoshroo ;uzLZJ

kashang.

Handwriting', Lst- .} dust-khut.

Hang, v., t^jl aveekhtan ; ^J'^ji^

aveezdn kardan.

Happen, v., ±S> aS\^ voice' shudan.

Happiness, ^yiji. khoshnudi.

doshvar; j£~°

mushkil.

Hardship, (j&> sakhtee.

Hare, sj>f/* khargoosh.

Harem, x>\jjzendneh; ^;^j' dndero

Harm, l_~s 'ayb; jj^>zarar ; ^^

zarar kardan.

Harsh, o^,.a drusht; j>) zibr.

Harvest, J-.U hdsil.

Haste, As? 'ajaleh; J*?3^

ta'ajee

Hat, t^lcolu.

VOCABULAKY. 1

Hatchet,^J tabar.

Hate, v., ^^U Jo bad ddnestan.

Have, ,^'.3 ddshtan.

Heaven, oi« behesht.

Heavy, [̂ L> sangeen.

Heel, u£>\i pdshneh.

Hawk, ^y koosh.

Head,^ sar.

Headache, ^~» .^adurd i sar.

Heal, v., ^^J\s. eldj kardan ; <jJU*

y&fmo'dlejeh kardan.

Health, —\j+ ruizaj.

Healthy, o-*,.i js tun-drust.

Hear, v., J~£ shuneedan.

Heart, J^ dil.

Heat, ^J'garmi; vxj\j» herdrat.

Heathen, o-^ o? but-parast.

Height, ^oJb bulandi; c\$j\vrtif

Heir, cj,1_j vdris.

Hell, ~#± jehannum.

Helmet, ^ sWkold khood.J

Help, vAS komek ; *x» madad ; s

chareh.

Help, v., d^b (sUi* Jcomek duda

$f£yX* madad kardan'.

Helpless, jU.v> ndchdr.

Hem, ^,.sJarz.

Hen, i*.j*. joojeh.

101 VOCABULARY.

Hence, U^l j dz eenjd.

Herb, i\Jfgeedh ; c^Li nabdt.

Herd, dTgelleh.

Here, U.^.1 eenjd.

High, jJb buland.

Highway, 2aU jLi. shah jddeh.

Hill, aJ' tuppeh.

Hilt, *-M kubzeh.



Hereon, Ida J* 'ala hazd.

Hereditary, ^j^y>mauroossi.

Heretofore ^J^, peeshtee ; ^\j\ J^,

peesh dzeen.

Heron, J-y» havasel.

Hesitate, v., ^jS &&jjtaradud Icar-

dan.'

Hesitation, ^j/ taradud.

Hiccup, aC-C saksakeh.

Hide, v., ^jjT-iU kdyem kardan.

Him,or

Her, l^jloora.

Hinder, v., ^J^ ^U mane* shud

Hindoo, ^J^ hindee.

Hinge, ± ylooleh.

Hint, »jLi.lishdreh.

Hire, v., ^-i/ u}jfkerayeh kard

(to lend on), a&\& i-Ajf ker

dddan.

Hire, sAfkerdyeh.

Hireling, j**.\ ajeer.

VOCABULARY. 10

His, jl oo.

History, &/5 tfireekh.

Hog, e)^i.khook ; j>.y±.

khanzeer.

Honour, 9j>\ abroo ; e^» hurmut.

Honourable, fj&» muhtarem.

Hood, jLil bdshlik.

Hold, v., cJii^b a£i negdh dashtan.

Hole, f^jy*soordkh ; ^y soolakh.

Holiday, j^ eed.

Hollow, s., JUjT^odaZ.

Hollow, v., ^U. khdlee.

Holster, JJ kubul.

Holy, (^-JiU mukaddas.

Home (house), ajU. khdneh; (coun-

try), ^j vatan.

Honest, o-J, r#s£ ; ^b ^..sdeenddr.

Honey, J—s. 'asal.

Hoof,-*

sum.

Hook, t->}U kulldb.

Hoop, <wL. halkeh.

Hope, J-J umeed.

Hope, a?., jyiitaJu*l umeed ddshtan.

Hopeless, Ju*l li w« umeed.

Hops (plant), J*» khemel.

Horizon, j»l u/«&.

Horn, ^lishdkh.

Hornet, jjJj zamboor.

106 VOCABTJLAEY.

Horrible, d'J^ holnak.

Horse, t-~J asp ; (blood), J~-l aseel;

(mongrel breed), jjIj yahoo ; (bay),

jS' Jcahar ; (black), sL- sidh ;

Horse-race, ^j* »-~-l asp deevd

Horse-shoe, J«3 na'al.

Hospitable, e>—j^ ^W-s-* mehm

doost.



(gray), J^5 femi; (cbestnut), J.i/

Jcorand, also ^jTkorang ; (sorrel),

ij>j>\abrash ; (piebald), jû ab-

Zafc; (cream-coloured), J^-, sa-

mand ; (led), djo yedek ; (bolter),

(jiS^-jsarkasli ; (ambling), ts-j. yur-

gheh; (master o?), j^\ j^\ ameer

akhor, vulg. j_y-[r^mirakhor.

Horseback, ij\y*sawdreh.

Horseman, J\y*saivdr.

Hospital, ajU.yaj/* onareez khdn

Host^b Û^-o mehmdndar ;

meezbdn.

Hostage, jjgero ; J^f kafeel.

Hot, ^fgarm.

Hour, o^L sd'at.

HoWjj^Lda. chetor ; *>£L chegoo

Howl, v., cj>^_jc>* 'oiy-'ou? kard

Human, ^L-i insdni.

Humble, j*** liakeer.

Hump, jy kooz.

Humpback, ^îjy koozpfisht.

Hundred, Ju> sad.

aveekhteh.

VOCABULARY.

Husk,

1

*y, poost.2 2 3

Hut, tXkuTbeh.

Hyacinth, J~^> sunbul.

Hung, xj2j1

Hunger, ^J^J'guresnegee.

Hungry, &~>fguresneh.

Hunt, v., zj~ jfcjshikar kardan

(look for a thing), ^^JS gashtan.

Hunter, ^sj£z>shikari.

Huntsman,ij>j&> shikdrchi.

Hurry, J;-*50

taajeel.

Hurt, Jjddiird.

Hurt, v., C*J ±jS diird kardan.

Husband,j*yZ>shoher.

Hyena, J\so'kafbar.

Hypocrisy, j>,^ytazveer.

ul

H\pocrite,^jj< muzaver.

I.

I, ^ mun.

Ice, ut yakh.

Idea JUi kheyal.

Identical, c^*j be 'ayn.

Idiom, J^*\ istilahh.

Idiot, A>\ ableh.

108 VOCA.BTJLAET.

Idle, J~S tunbul.

Idleness,iJ^j tunbuli.

Idol, ioo but.

Idolator, <z~*jj o* but parast.

Illegitimate, »^lj (.1^.haram zd

Ml

IjjJIjJjveled-ez-zend.

Illiberal, d~*< momsek.

Illiberality eil—.1 imsdlc.

Idolatry, j~>ji co but parasti.

lf,j^*\ agar.

Ignite, v., ^J-io al*ii sho'aleli ka-

sheedan.

Ignorance, J^W- jdhalee ; <j\^

ndddnee.

Ignorant, JaV jdhel ; ^talinddan.

Ill, (jiji.lindkhosh.

Illegal, s.A i-i^li khelaf-i-shar' eh ;

J*'13 ndhak.

Illiterate, ^lj- <4 bee sawdd.Illness, ,ji-^

ndkhoshi.

Illumination, ^Lcl^. cherdghba

Illustrious,jU«U ndm-ddr.Ml

Imagination, j_ûtessdwur ;

khidl.

Imagine, ^j/^dJ tessawur kar

^.j^JLi. khidl hardan.

Imbecile, Jac- J'hami 'aid.

Imitate, v., ^j^jJju takleed ka

VOCABULARY. 109

Immediately, ^yl1J fil.for.

Immemorial, \jja fo-ran.

Immense, »j1Jol ^ bee anddzeh.

Impose, (j-ilî nehddan.

Impossible, jQ+j-i gheir-i-momlin.

Imprison, v., *J ^â. ?itt6ss Aar-

Immoderate, Jljcxl ^bee i'tiddl.

Immodest, »jt> ^ bee shurm.

Impartial, ^-ijo ^ bee taraf.

Impatience, \jj~e ^ bee sabri.

Impatient, j~o ^ bee sabr; aL-j*. g bee

hdseleh.

Imperfect, yosli ndkis.

Impertinence, ^fl^yt^jbee hoodeh-

gee; ^W* lJ &ee hyd-ee.

Important, *&> mohim.

Importunate, J^»L mo'dkad.

dcm.

Imprisonment, ^^^ hubss.

Improbable, J«* jljjJ door az'akl.

Impure, e)b U na pdh ; u^i nejjess.

h),j* door.

Inability, gly U n« tairdnee.

Inaccurate,^>s^\i

nd sahheehh.

Inattention, cJu* ghifat.

Inauspicious, ^-i nahss.

Incautious, <*lia.^L <j bee moldhezeh.

Incessant, ^b dayem.

110 VOCABTJLAEY.

Inch, sj^gereh.

Incident, jlafl itifdk.

Inclination, J~« mayl.

Include, v., &f^\i> ddkhil Jcardan,

Incorrect, ^s° \jnd sahlieeh; c^-

n# drust.

Increase, »il>j ziyddat ; «U1 izdf

Incredible(it is), -i/jjk ^j.»a»i n

Income, J->U htisil ; J».Ij* mucld-

khil.

Incomparable, Js* gjbee missel.

Incomplete, -Uj li n« tarndm.

Incompetent, J? Is l> «a kabil.

Inconsistent, ,jlu mundfi.

Inconstant, -Jj.J ^^ mutalaven el

mezdj.

Inconvenient, o^aj zahhmat-

shaved haver hard.

Incurable, --Uc 5) J# 'ildj.

Indebted, u°jij^ makrooz.

Indecent, lj-ili «a sez«.

Iudef .tigable, ^^^—i- tj bee khaste

Independent, Jai—<

mustakil.India, Ja Hind.

Indian-corn, o» zurat.

Indicate, v., Sj~ sj\z,\ishdret

dan ; yjJy^J nemoodan.

VOCABULAET. Ill

Indication, ^b.1 ishdreh.

Indifferent (not caring), JsU ghdftl;

(impartial), <-J>Je c> lee taraf.

Infantry, j.lkioL piddeh nezdm.

Infatuate, v., ^jTuty) ^ lee vekoof

Icardan.

Indigent, ^di. muftis.

Indignant,^-«x« mutaghayer.

Indigo, JJ neel.

Indulgence, ^^,4* mehrildnee ; d»j\ynavdzish.

Industrious, J^Vkdrkoon; ^Ljsd'ee.

Inebriate, o~-> must.

Inexperienced, s^j-ojU nd azmoo-

deh.

Infancy, ^J^ibacheh gee.

Infant, ^_ bacheh.

Inferior, y^Skamter ; y~~j puster.

Infidel,^ kafer ; ^j ^ lee deen ;

Infirm, i-jL«-. za'eef; Ji* 'aleel.

Inform, v., ^^^ khalar dddan.

Inherit, v., ^JjT&j] irss giriftan.

Inheritance, uy,1 irss; <^\^ mee-

rdss.

Inhuman, ***.j ^ lee rah'm.

Injunction, jJIj ta'keed.

Injure, ^jJL^j-i zarar resdndan.

Injury, }Ji zarar.

112 YOCABULAEY.

Injustice, ^/^Jl j>bee insdfee.

Ink, i_-T,» murakkab.

Inkstand, cjIjjdawdt.

Inlaid, murrassa.

Insecure, ^1 li nd dmn ; _,Uftl ^>

i'tibdr.

Insensible, yj'yjibee hoosh.

Insert, v., ^jT J±.ta ddkh.il karda

a^*

Inn, a3U:U*~o mehmdn khaneh.

Innocent, »^-> bee gondh.

Inquire, o^^ji purseedan ; &&2>kyi

jooyd shudan.

Insane, <u1^odeevdneh.

Insanity, j3\y„* deevdnegee.

Inscription, J2.,& negarish;

khutt.

Insect, ffkirm.

Ml

Inside,

ytoo ;

j£>\

dndar ;

j&dar

Insincere, Uj-obee vafa.

Insipid, sj+ ^jbee muzeh.

Insolvent, ^-U* mujiis ; ^b 15 na d

Inspect, v., ^-^ <*ka.}L wMldhez

kardan.

Instant, -.^ dum; \ an.

Instead, ^y- 'avaz.

Institute v., ^jTjji+ mukarar k

dan.

VOCABULAEY. 113

Instruct, xy&.y] dmookhtan.

Instructor, jb,mo'alem.

Instrument, o3Jl diet.

bee

Intercede, ^^aLJj vdseteh kardan.

Intercourse, *^\j+ murdvedeh.

Interdict, v., ^ *-. man'a kar-

dan.

Insult, ^\j^\ ^ ihterdmee.

Insurrection (^yi shoorish.

Intellect, Jac 'alcl ; JHyt hoosh.

Intelligence,

bar.

khabar ; jL±\ dkh-

Intemperance, Jljccl ^ bee itiddl.

Intend, v., ^IJ %A\j\ irddeh dash-tan.

Intention, s*\J\ irddeh.

Intense Jo Jui shadeed.

Intentional, Ijl.1 dmddn.

Interest (money), J^i; tanzeel ; s.j>

fure; (in a matter), j>j- <jha-

raz.

Interior, ^j deroon.

Interminable, j»\ ^jbee akher.

Internal,

ao-ta ddkheleh ; ,^,Jo1

dnderoonee.

Interpret, ^ .

dan.

Interpretation, &+*>J tarjumah ; (of

dreams), ^~jt» ta'abeer.

I

ddkheleh; ^jj*

*.J tarjumah kar-

114 YOCABULABY

Interpreter, **>/* mutarjam.

Interrogate (to), ^^Tj'j-. sno'dlkar-

dan,- gzj' j\ZJcJ\ istifsdr kardan.

Interval, oj L-* musdfat.

Intrepid, dl? ^jbee bah.

Intricate, ,^ ^~j peech-ddr.

Intrigue, J >j{~>sdzish.

Introduce (a person), v. ^J



Interview, oli^L middkdt.

Intestine, t^jjroodeh.

Intimacy, j^. ek yek jalietee.

Intimidate, v., ^jiLy tarsdneedan.

Into, j* dar ; ^j fee ; ,$*,&duroon ;

jjj\ dndar.

Intolerable, J-*^ j£- ghair motalia-

mal.

Intoxicated, must.

Intoxication,{j^* mustee.

mvJarajeekardan ;

(a thing)

^^j> ddkhd kardan.

Intrust, v., ^j^> supurdan.

Invent, v., ^^Aj^.\ ikhterd ka

sj>Ij^j paidd kardan.

Inventory, o*-^ fehrist ;

sidheh.

Investigate, v., ^j^ ^^ t

kardan ; ^ uos*)

tafahus

dan.

VOCABUIAET. 115

Invitation, o^j da'avat.

Invite, v., ^o^ da'avat Tear-

dan.

Ivory, ^lc «/

Ivy, islsji peecheJc.

J.

Inundation, J*-* sayl.

Involuntary, jLÎ ^ lee ikMiar.

Iron, ^1 alien.

Irregular, sJclio lee-kdadeh.

Irresolute, J&ixJ ^ beeistilddl.

Irrigate, t\, Îjol db-dddan.

Island, s^ja. jazeereh.

Issue, v., iJ~j*[

*> sddir Tcardan.

Itch, J^j\s- khdresh.

Item, £>j furd.

Itself, oj» Jchud ; (jiî. khadesh.

Jackal, Jlii. shaghdl

Jail, gljjj zenddn.

Jar, ttylcoozeh.

Jasmine, ^ô— lj yasmeen.

Jasper,

^yashm.

Jaundice, ^teg yerkdn•

ydn.

Jaw, isii/<x7c.

Jen lous, ^^â. hesond.

Jealousy, J-^ Jiassad.

glj-i;;ran?-

116 VOCABULARY.

Jerusalem, t^-o*J1 o*j bait el mu-

kaddes.

Jest, iJ-jZ,shookhi.

Jester, ^jishookh.

Journey, y~» safar.

Joy, ^^^ dilkhoshi.

Joyful, ^jli shddee.

Judge, Û kdzee ; c/j |»^=»^»h

Jesus Christ, {j~t?- e^aa. hazrat Eesd.Ml

Jet (of water), »,ly favvareh.

Jew, ^>J>«i yahoodi ; tye*. jaliood.

Jewel, ^»_ja. johar.

Jeweller, c£/*_??- johari ; Jjj zerger.

Jockey, jl^-.iskU chabuk sawdr.

Join, v., o>v J- ^* mutassil kardan;Hi

^ala JLaj'l itissdl dddan.

Journal, <u^j_j;roozndmeh.

i-shur'e (not hakeem ; for wsee Doctor).

Judgment, J^- hukem ; \ys fat

Judicious, Joe i_*a.L» saheb 'aid

Jug, ijf koozeh.

Juggle, v., ^./'cS;^ ^k hoka

kardan.

Juggler, jl ik hoka bdz.

Juice, m1 db ; Jjj-*-arak ;

sheereh.

VOCABTTLAKY. 117

Juicy, j\^\ dbddr.

Jump, v., ±iji pereedan ;

justan.

Jupiter, IJJ&+ musliteree.

Key, jJflceleed.

Kick, j& laggad.

Kick, v., AjoO leggad zadan.

Kid, aJlcjj 6uz



Just, J^U 'ddil.

Justice, oJIj* iddlet.

Juvenile, ^y* jawdnee.

K.

Keen,j-J teez.

Keep, v., ^aili »£ negdh ddshtan.

Keepsake, ^tol ydd-gdr.

Kernel, ja* maghz.

Kettle, yjj£ kitree.

ghdleh.

Kidney, &X kulbeh.

Kill, c^lT kushtan.

Kiln, sj^lcooreh.

Kind(sort), j^joor; p~3 kissm; uf

gooneh; (friendly), Uj+* meh-

riban.

Kindle, v., tr^jyl dfrookhtan ; yjs\

y&f'

dtesh kardan.

Kindness,{J>^.j^>

mehribdni.

Kindred, j.ykom ; u&jji kheesh.

118 YOCABULABY.

King, t\iishdh; sli^b pddishdh.

Kingdom, liXA*-o mamlakat.

Kiss, --L mdch.

Kiss, v., ^3jT—\* mdch Tcardan.

Knock, v., ^j zadan; ^J^jfbeedan.

Knot, tj gerreh ; (to make a)

cyi~j gerreh bastan.

Know (a thing), v., cJi~iU ddnest

Kitchen, iiUjj <_£ dsh-puz klidneh ;

^-k. matbakh.

lvuei\d,v., {:r±-{~>j~*±kliameersakhteri.

Knee, yljzdnoo.

Kneel, v., y\j ^ do zdnoo ; ^^i-iJ we-

sheshtan.

Knife, ^kard; (clasp), $sL., chdkoo;

(pen), fjAjiJs kalam-trdsh.

Knob, a*TS dukmeh.

(a person), ^zi-Ui shendkhtan.

Knowingly, *x-Jb ddnesteh.

Knowledge, J* Urn.

Knuckle, ^ bund.

b «- sar-i-pdket.

U^'iTkdrkhdneh.

Label, c:

Laboratory)*J

Labourer, al*c amaleh

Lace, ;_jktoor.

VOCABULARY. 119

Lad, ^'ja. jawan ; <&\j*. jawanek.

Ladder, ^<sj nardvdn.

Ladle, j&Tkaf-geer.

Lady, jU. khanwm.

Lane, i^jfkoocheh.

Language,]

oj zabdn.

Languid, o—> sust.

Lantern, y-jili fdnooss.



Lake, ^^ darydcheh.

Lame, ekJ lang.

Lament, yjfo zdree.

Lamp, h\j* chirdgh.

Lance, s^J nayzeh.

Lancet,j~~> neshter.

Land, &.*) zameen.

Landlord (of a house), jjU. l_^.U

sdheb klianeh ; (of land),eU* i_>a.L

sdheb milk.

Lap, J« baghal.

Large, is);a buzurg.

Lark, ^Ji'Vkdkoolee.

Last, ac?j.,^i.| akher.

Last, r., ^^p j,lj^dawdm kardan.

Last, s., t-JU kdleb.

Lastly, s*>y\ J*\ akher el 'amr.

Latch, Jos kujl.

Late)vfo deer.

Lather, s., ^jflcaf.

120 YOCABTJLABY.

Lattice, eLi shabak.

Laugh, v., (jjojji.khandeedan.

Laugh, s., »J^i- khandeh.

Law (sacred), c/i shar'e; (civil),

y

League (bond), J^t WicZ; \>Jus

League (in Persia, 4 miles),

farsang ; ±-j» farsakh.

Lean, adj.,J?i Idgher.



i-jjC- urf ; (rule), ay\skanoon.

Lawful, Ljt

ri shar'ee ; J^ft 'urfee.

Lawsuit, **h\j* morafe'eh.

Lay, v., ^W nehddan.

Lazy, J~J tunbul.

Lead, s.,

m^-

sitrb.

Lead, v., ^^^ kesheedan; ^jburdan.

Leaf (of a tree), c^> burg; (of a

book), j^j varak.

Lean, v., ^J~iJJitekieh kardan

Leap, v., c>=~*- justan.

Leap, s., jJ* kheez.

Learn, ^jT z\>_ ydd geriftan ;

^J'tahseel kardan.

Learned, adj.,lib ddnd ; Je-

sdheb 'ilm.

Learning, Jc 'ilm.

Lease, *,U.l ijdreh.

Leather, *^. churm; ~L«j tee

Y0CABT7LABY. 12

(untanned, or chamois),^**, jeer ;

(Russia), ;lalo hulghar.

Leave, s., ijWI ijdzeh;(j**-j+

mura-

izn.

Ledger, /» ^ daftar.

Leech, ^113zdloo.

Left, *--». chup.

Leg, b pa ; b jL sdk-i-pd.

khassee;&J\

Leave, v., ^\jf guzdshtan ; (to

give), fji\<i îl izn dddan ; <jx»j+

yjfmuralchas kardan; (to obtain),

^y îl izn giriftan; ^f jjU

ijazeh giriftan ; ^jf\^j* mura-Ichassee giriftan.

Leaven, jjU mdyeh.

Leavings, jjJL ,jL bdki mdndeh.

Led (horse), e)Jo «-—.1asp-i-yedek.

Legacy, ew^j vesdyet.

-êga^ t/tr*shar'ee.

Legend, cj^ hekdyat.

Legerdemain, u«jl? <»&». 7iofra hazee.

Legible, \^y*kh'dnd.

Legion, tjj^gerooh.

Leisure, io-^» fursat; o^ /era-

Lemon, y*^ leymoo.

Lend, v., ^ta u*/ Ararz dadun.

122 TOCABULAHY.

Length ^j^ dardzee ; J J» tool.

Lenient, *jiL moldyem.

Lenity, cî^-* moldyemat.

Lent(Christian

),j-j^j pa r/ieez ; (Mo-

hammedan), & *+j ramazdn.

Lessen, v., ^jS^Tcam kardan.

Lesson, (_>-,>> dv/rss.

Last taU* mabddd.

Let (hire), ^ta s.iL.1 ijdreh ddd

(permit), j^JS guzashtan ;

Lentil (vegetable), u*-^ 'adass.

Leo (zodiac),x~* 'asad.

Leopard, gJjL palang.

Leper, ^>}j^>mabrooss.

Leprosy, <j>j>buruss.

Less, j^S~ kamtar ; (more or less),

(jt-oU S'liam ya beesh.

Lessee, jta ij\*.\ ijdreh dar ; jcJ^~~e

mosta'jar.

j^b izn dadan ; a^f. <J**j*

rakhass kardan.

Letter (of alphabet), i-»/s» 7

(pi. ^jt^hroof) ; (epistle), ii^

ghaz ; xAy nevishteh; (from

ferior to superior, lit., a petiti

i-eijS-areezeh (superior to

ferior), ^j rukum ; (of recomm

dation), A*Li,lft~j safdresh-ndme

YOCABUIABY. 123

saf; }a~+

Lettuce, y*^ Jcahoo.

Levee, -iL. saldm.

Level, j\j+* liamvar ;tiU

mosattahh.

(of tbe eye), .&£». »*,> pardeh-i-

chesm.

Lies, ijjj> droogh.

Lie, v., jxS' £)j3 droogh guftan ; (t

Levity, ^C- sabukee.

L ;

ar, y^jj* drooghgoo.

Liberal, ^s?*sakhi ; (in ideas),

JLa. tx~>ytose' Jihial.

Liberty, ^j^j\ dzddee.

Library, u\isi\^S ioitab Jchaneh.

Licence, sj\a.\ ijdzeh ; j\#- jawdz.

Lick, v., ^jJss—J leesseedan.

Licorice, u f> ±>;rube

1

sooss.

Lid (of a vessel), <J>y,j~> sarpoosh ;

give tbe lie), ^^ v-i^' takzeeb

harden; (to recline), ^Ju-lTj^ di-

raz Jcasheedan.

Lieutenant, «_-o U naib.

Life,^*c 'omr ; ^Mj zendagee.

Lifeless, ^^ beejdn.

Ligament, ^j pey.

Ligbt, s.j J&jjjroshani ; <j^3j rosh

nd'ee.

124 VOCABTJLABY.

Light, v., y&f'

£r>3jroshan Tcardan ;

^fj^i\ atesh Icardan ; (to bring

to ligbt), ^jj»&> zdhar Icardan.

Light (not heavy), adj.,eL- sabuk.

Lighten v., sf<&~» sabuk Tcardan.

Limb, yat uzv (pi.Ufil

a'za).

Lime, d*1 ahek.

Limit, Jj*. hud.

Limpid, <—»L» sdf.

Line, W±. Ichut.



Lighten (flash), ^JuJLi^ darakh-

sheedan.

Lightminded, i-aJ&. khafeef.

Lightning, J/,burk.

Like, jjU mdnend ; Ji« misl ;a-~i>

shabeeh.

Like, v., iyxita ks^»^ doosi dashtan.

Likelihood, JUii.1 ihtimdl.

Likeness, j*~£J tashbeeh.

Line (clothes), v., o^j 9̂ J^kardan.

Linen, J'dfketdn.

Linger, v., ^\s J_jLtool dddan.

Lining,^-. I aster.

Link,^»aij Asia, hallceh zanjeer.

Linseed, ejyjbazrdk.

Lintel, jtf sardar.

Lion,^-i sheer.

a

YOCABULAEY. 12

Lip, cJ lub.

Liquidate (debts), v., ^ U\ add

kardan.

List, o~j4? fihrist i a*L- siydheh.

Living, iJJ} zendeh.

Lizard, is*ji buz-mejeh.

Load, s.,j\).bur.

Load, v., &z>fj\ bar kardan; ^j/J**

Listen, v., ^Û ^jTgoosh dddan.

Listless, o—. sust.

Litigant, ^^ muda'ee.

Litter, ois takht.

Little, e) Jol andak ; S^ ham ; Jis

kaleel ; isi^^koochek.

Live, v., ^Jwi »J3j zendeh shudan.

Livelihood, \

}jfguzeran.

Lively, o—» chust.

Liver,^ jigger.

Tiam'l kardan.

Loaded, tsf }\i bar kardeh; (of

gun), f^ji pur kardeh.

Loaf, -XS'komaj ; ôjkurss.

Loan,j>/

kurz.

Lobby, ^jj^kerijdss ; ^ yjJTkafs

kan.

Lock, s., Ji» kufl.

Lock, v, ti^Ja* kufl kardan.

126 YOCABULAEY.

Locust, J-o malakh.

Lodge, v., o^J;-^ munzel Teardan ;

jÛ Jj^<munzel ddshtan.

Lodging, Jj^ munzel.

Lord, dyi buzurg (pi. d^ bu

gdn) ; jgf\ameer (pi. c-^1 ome

Lose, v., $j £~gum kardan.

Lot (chance), l-...,^ 3 naseeb.

Lots (to r., ^jaî k



Lone, \#3 tanlia.

Long, j\jiderdz.

Look, s.,»& negah.

Look, v., ^_f s& negah kardan ;

^Jo-s deedan.

Loosen, ?'., ^-i/ J-i> shul hardan;

goshdd kardan.

Lop (trees), v., ^J^y terasheedan.

Loquacious, i-Jlâ. harrdf.

cast),zadan.

Loud, jJo buland.

Love, j^ ishk.

Loved, ijj-la- ma'ashook.

Lover, ,j^lc 'dshik.

Louse, u-?-1

shepesh.

Low, ac7j. o~j pits*.

Lower, a?., ^^jj/ /roo kardan;

zfpa-yeen kardan.

VOCABTTLAKY. 12

Loyal f>?)ac mutee' ;j^^j rafaddr,

Luck, o£ bukht, L-.-.-aJ nasseeb.

Lucrative, j?ju mufeed.

Ludicrous, >x± khande'ee.

Machine, o^l aZî;

.til* raanên-e/

Mad, i3^.^ deevdneh.

Madder, s., u*^3j ronass.

Made, aoi-L sakhteh.

Lukewarm, *};*?* sheer garm.

Lull, ,j-iy A I dram kardan.

Luscious, Jo.JJ lazeez.

Lust, oj^ii shahvat.

Lustre, ^J^jjroshndee.

Lusty, c^-j;^ J> tan drust.

Lynx, dJjj^j yuz palang.

M.

Mace, J^j topuz ; jL* cliomak.

Magazine, \j& makhzan; j\j\am

bar.

Maggot, *f~lirm,

Magnificience, o^j-i. shoket ; J^

jelal.

Magpie, jM cXTkeldgh ablak.

Maid,^^ dokhtar.

Majestic,<ul»ll shalidneh.

Ml

Mail (armour), «jjzerreli.

128 VOCABULARY.

Maintain (to assert), v., asf <-kf*

ta'areef kardan ; (support), ^b»^5

sf negdhdari kardan.

Make, v., ^\-> sdkhtan.

aUsi-L, sdkhtemdn ; i-~&

Mane J'j ydl.

Manful, aSl^y.murdaneli.

Manger, ^±.1dkhoor.

Mango, sJ\ anbeh.

Manhood, oJj^ rejooliyet.



Make, s.,tarkeeb.

Malady, J>j*murraz.

Male,y3nur.

Mallow (plant), ^ U-khdtemi.

Man, p^lddam; *j*

murd.

Manage, v., zfj~>S> tadbeer kar-

dan.

Manager.^^ dabeer;^^ mobdsher;

jKi-j peeshkdr.

Manifest, J&\ ashkdr ;^>\j

vdz

Manifest, v., *f \^ nema

hardan.

Manifestation, j^> zelioor.

Mankind, ^\ J-ibeni ddam.

Manner, ^> turhh ;£-ij vuz'a

joor ; jjbturz.

Manufacture, c^*i-> sana'at.

Manumission, ^\j\ azddee.

TOCABTJLAET. 12

I

Manuscript, ki£~M dust Jchutt.

Many,j\~~ lisijdr; \

3\j feraviin.

Map, Julaj nuksheh.

Marble, j*j+ murmur.

Mare, ^le^U madidn.

(for a man), ^ &j zun burcL

(for a woman), *fj*^ sho

kardan.

Mars(planet), ^ mereekh.

Margin, <j~iU hdshieh.

Marigold, j\# *L~+a> hameesheh be-

hdr.

Marjoram, ^ pooneh.

Mark, \lj nishun; l_^}U ildmat.

Market, j IjU bazar.

Marriage, ^jj* 'aroosee.

Marrow, y^ mughz.

Marry, v., ^p^TjU iyal giriftan;

Marsh, ol^ murdab ; _,Uj noysar

Marvel, s., e^s* 'ajab.

Marvel, v., aif c_Jkta'ajub har

dan.Ml

Masculine,fx, muzakker.

Mason, *la bannd ; (stone-), ^ly 12

sang trash.

Massacre, J^s fruf I.

Mast, JJuj baydak.

130 VOCABULARY.

Master (lord or chief), tsl agha; (of

•a trade), alx-»l ustdd ; (teacher),

^sumoallem.

Mat,^,~~^ hasseer.

Mean, jifi^.hakeer ; (despicabl

zaleel.

Mean, ajLo miydneh; (middle)

meyzdn.

Match (for a light), sz+ijS' kibreet ;

(pair),cj» juft.

Material, s., i»,b pdrcheh.

Maternal, ^Û mdderee.

Mathematical, Âia hendissee.

Matter, «^>U mddeh.Mattress, d£«.i ddsliek.

Mature, ^J*-, raseedan.

Mausoleum, jlj-mazdr.

Meadow, ^-^ chaman.

Mean, v., Îj Jao ma'ani dd

Meaning, <j**wta'emi.

Means (revenue), JU rndl

dukhl.>

Measles, el>^ swrkhek.

Measure, til*^ peymdneh.;

u

ydss ; »j\Jol anddzeh.

Measure, v.j ^^TÛ-j peymd

dan ; gijS u-l^ kiydss k

^jS^sjljol anddzeh giriftan

TOCABULAEY. 13

Meat, iz^^gooskt.

Meddle, v., ^f &>\J* muddkheleh

kardan.

Mediate, v., ^^SâL-Ij vdseteh kar-

Meeting, u-1** mujliss; oliiL mold

kdt.

Melancholy, ekJ.s diltang ; jS2* dil

geer.

dan.

Mediation, h~>ytavasut.

Medical, <JJ»tib-bee ; eÛ» tebdbat.

Medicine, \j<>dawa.

Meditate, v., ^3*?* sanjeedan; sffi

filer kardan.

Medlar, Jijl azgeel.

Meek, v.Û moldyem ; »jil«*maz-

loom.

Meet, v., ^jTcjlsiL moldkdt kardan.

Mellow, sJ---, raseedeh.

Melodious, ljw»<,J>y»

khosh sedd.

Melon (yellow), *jy.j±kharbooze

(water-), ajIj-xl*hindoodneh.

Melt, v., &xz* vl db shudan.

Memorandum, c^ta ^, ydd dasht.

Memory, .sU ydd; akiU. hdfizeh.

Men, (jt.^*mardumdn.

Mend, v., zfjt*£ ta' ameer kardan

Mendicant, \£ gedd.

132 VOCABULARY.

Mention, jJlzikr.

Merchandise, cÛs cjL-iI asbab

tajareh.

Merchant,Û tdjer ; f\$y> soddger.

Metal, *JJ» filiz.

Metaphor, <uUS~ kendyeh.

Meteor, vW- shehdb.

Method, ~)o turhli.

Mercifal, -e»y raheem.

Mercury (planet), Îkc itarud.

Mercy, ^-jrahm.

Mere, c.^-. sirf; ,>** mate.

Merit, ^^j-* sezdvari.

Meritorious, j lj]^sezdvar

; & $la-

yek.

Message, »U*j payghdm.

Messenger, t^^Jfcristadeh; (horse),

jlU. chapdr ; (foot), J->U kdsid.

Metropolis, o^ n>\jpdyeK tak

Midday,^ zuh'r.

Middle, I»~»jvussat ; ^L* miyd

Midnight, t_~i < a-<a3 nisf-i-shub

Midway, t\j*a*.J neemelx-rah.

Midwife,LU> mama.

Might, oy koovai.

Mild, *j^L moldyem.

Military, ^î nizdmev.

MilJ r

, >f-i sheer.

VOCABULARY. 13

Mill, L-1 asya.

Miller, ^b L-l asya ban.

Mill-stone, Lt.| eL* sang -i-asya.ml

Mimic, jJji* moTcallid.

for coining money), *L i_>|> =ara

khaneh.

Mint, v., ô; a£L sikkeh zadan.

Minute, <wJj dakeekeh.

Mince (cut small), v., ^ *+J kay-

meh kardan.

Mind, JSc 'akl.

Mine, s., ^j*. ma'adan.

Mine, v., ^.^TL-aJ nuhb kardan.

Minister,^ijj vazeer ; (Prime Mini-

ster), Jafi] jj^> sadr aazami.

Minor, j^> sagheer.

Mint (plant), cLo na'ana; (place

Miracle, «js*<> mo'jezeh.

Mirror, <ml dyeneh.

Mirth, ^^.s dilkhoslti.

Miser, j-ds bakheel.

Miserable, JJi zaleel.

Misfortune, j^.^ bad-bukhti.

Miss (a mark), ^^T Iki. khetu kar

dan.

Mist, a* meh.

Mistake, s.,Li. khubt ; ^-» sah'c.

134 YOCABTTLAET.

Mistake, ^j£=> Li. khvbt kardan;

3j^j4~>saWv kardan.

Misunderstand, s~+& t_J^U. kheldf

fo.hmeedan.

<-AJ& dddan.

Modern, »jIjtdzeh ; y no ;

jadeed.

Modest, tffAjZ, sharm-geen ;L

hyd.

J num.

Mitigate, ^.ita takhfeefMix, v., c^fij\3 kdti kardan ; \>^s?

qsJ>makhloot kardon.

Moan, v., ^Jtj ndleedan.

Moat, jJwii. kliunduk.

Mob,(.'^-ijl

izdeluim ; Ic^c ghoghd.

Mock, v., ^J'ijsr* maskhareh kar-

dan.

Model, stsj nv.ksheh.

Moderate, Jjâ* mo'tadil.

Moist, adj.,

Moisten, ^^b J num dadan.

Molest, v., C) ±J~ ij^su ta'dee' ka

Moment, ^1 an.

Monarch, sli.iL padishdh.

Monday, i~£>^ do-shambeh.

Money, J^j pool; sUi^ tankha.

Monkey, ici)y_ boozeeneh; &y+#>

moon.

Month, »U mdh.

VOCABULARY. 13

Monument, jfob yadgar.

Moon, sL mdh; i_>Us>L mahtdb ;

(new), J^ helldl; (full), jJo badr.

More, »Îjj ziyddeh; yi-j beesh; î-o

Mosque, J^*** miusjid.

Moss, Jy* mZrkk(pr. mZrgh).

Most,^51 dksar.

Moth, aj'j^j parvaneh; */l-~^ s7<(t

/?erre7i.



beeshter.

Moreover, ^j s^Û aldveh ber-een.

Morning, ^> sub'h.

Morrow(to,), \sj> farda.

Morsel, *+& lukmeh.

Mortal (a),l~Jl

insan ; (deadly),t ju^T kusJiendeh.

Mortar (for pounding), Û havan ;

(cannon), j^L^- khumpdreh ; jJ

kopuz.

Molten, jÛ mdder ; »^lj valedeh.

Motion, Lrâ. harakat.

Motion (to set in), ,^ta lt^/».har

kat dddan.

Motive,L_~~i subub ; tl^l bd'isr.

Mould, cJU kdlib.

Mouldy, d/ kerek ; (to become

^jj dj^kerek zadan.

Mound, «y tuppeh; J> tut.

136 VOCABTJLABY.

Mountain, s^kooh,

Mourn, v.,^j^. t^-j-Jl afsooss khur-

dan ; &±f \sfo zdri kardan.

Mourning, {jj\^j* 'azaddri.

Mouse, yij* moosh.

Munificence, o$U » sekhdvat.

Murder, s., JxS katl •

cîS^ kush

Murder, i\, ij^kus'htan.

Murmur, 5.,& gilleh.

Murmur, v.,»J^J lundeh za

Mouth, ^f jj& dero kard.an.

Much,jL~J bisyar ;^^-U.

khaili.

Mud, ^fgil ; jiU»l> bc'ctldk.

Muddy, ;b' Mr.

Mulberry (white), oy toot; (black),

ojJ jli s7iaft. toot.

Mule,^ls 7iatw*.

Mundane, ^yi^ dunydvee.

^jMuscle, aLaff azaleh.

Mushroom, —j\Skdrch.

Music (vocal), jljl <n'«z; (i

mental), jl~»s«z.

Musician (vocal), jJJlji. klidne

(instrumental), jJjjL saze

t-^k* mutrib.

Musk, eli- mislik.

Musket, eliS tufeng.

VOCABULARY. 1

Musketeer, ^isUaj tufeng -chee.

Muslin, JJL malmal.

Mussulman, ^U—» musulmdn.

Mustachio, J~-» sabeel.

J-^p. Tchardal.

Myrtle, i)y> moord.

Mysterious, ^Jis* makhfi.

Mystery, j^,rdz.



Mustard,

Musty, ^jfljtu mutaafan.

Mutineer, ^l ydghee.

Mutiny, s.,&\~J fesad.

Mutiny, v., ^Jti (y-\jydghees?iudan.

Mutter, -v., ^JjJ^J landeedan.

Mutton, jjJ^jT c^jf goosht-i-goos-

fond.

Mutual, tfs^k tarafayn.

Muzzle, j^jsjjj poozehband.

N.

Nail (finger), ^'o nakhun ; (pe

jtf-o meekh ; (claw), do>. chung.

Naked, s^tj berehneh ; &•>_/ 'aryd

Name, s., *\i nam ; ^1 ism.

Name, v., ^J^k ntfmeecfom.

Namely, ^ô yaani.

Nap (of cloth), idfkurlc.

Nap, s., c^». churt.

138 VOCABULARY.

Nap (to take a), v., âj o^. churt

zadan.

Napkin, JLjj,roomal.

Narcissus, ^jSji nergess.

Narration, oi^- hekayat.

eUi'

Necessaries, Ûjlj) lowazemat.

Necessary, »p lazim.

Neck, aJ, rakdbeh ; zfgarday

Necklace, J^j ^jTgardan-bund.

Nectarine, Jii shaleel.

Narrow, tung.

Nation, v^lo mil-lut.

Native, ,Ju»laslee.

Nativity, &j>ymowlood.

Natural, j^ tubeo'ee ; J>lizatee.

Nature, o»*-l> tabee'at ; oli z«i.

Naval, i^fS*.bahree.

Near, ck.jp nazdeek.

Neat, j-J tameez.

Need, s., o<?-U. hajat; ^_W^ ih

Need, v.,^U *-W^ ihtidj dash

^ji -.U-s* mohtaj shudan.

Needle, ^jj- soozan.

Needless, pjVli na lazem.

Needy, -A=s* mohtaj.

Neglect, v., zf<z^s£. gihjlat ka

Negligent, Ji^ gliafil.

YOCABTIIAEY. 13

Negociate, v., i^ ^^ moameleh

Tcardan.

Negociation, aLU* moameleh.

Neighbour, .uL^ humsdyeh.

Never, Jy» Imrgez ; oSj ^* hee

voikt.

Neutral, <-»}> ^ bee tarof.

New, y no ; »j^' tdzeh; J4*i» jadee

News, hhabar ; (good), *

Neighbourhood, ^fi^-** hamsdyeh-

gee.

Neither, ^1*5 ^JaS ne-een ne-an.

Nephew, i^j } ^jibrdder zddeh ;

s^\jjst\j^Jch'dher zddeh.

Nerve, (—~at assab.

Nest, <uV laneh ; *^\ ashyaneh.

Net, }£> toor ; ^ dam.

Nettle, vj^gezeneh.

j±muzhdeh.

Next (adjoining), J-»^ mutassi

a^,^ payvasteh; (following), »X

ayende/i.

Nib,eli wiZA-.

Niece. See Nephew.

Night, e~i shub.

Nightgown, s~i ^^ pcrdhan

shub.

140

Nightingale, ^ bulbul.

Nimble, elU. chahuk.

Nipple, ^^-j pistdn.

Nitre, a^i slworeh

Nobility, ^j> buzurgee; j^ji bu-

;

VOCABULABY.

Nonsense, ^J*j^-jbee hoodegee;

bee ma'ani.

Noose, yX^kamand.

North, JUi sliemal.

Nose, sU^ demagTi; <j~obeenee

<u->.s dusteh



zurgawar ^V nejabat.

Noble, c-~si nejeeb ; v£jj* buzurg.

Oj-e

Nobleman,^*- ameer.

Nobody, u-^ftheechkass.

Noise, 1Xo sedu ; j\j\ avdz ;

sot ; eJolj bong.

Noisome, j** muzirr.

Nominal, ^y furzee ; ,JW-khialee

None, ^a heech.

Nosegay, JS* gul.

Not, U -na; &> neh.

Note, Jj rakkam.

Nothing, -£* heech.

Notice, ^ M i'ldn.

Notion, JU. fcTiiaZ.

Noun,j,-.

ism.

Nourish, t\, ^Joj^j parvareedan'

Now, ^5)1aZ-aw ;

¥L 7iaZa.

VOCABULARY.Il

Nowhere, U.**^>j*

der lieech jd.

Number, ^Js. adad.

Nurse, jjU ddyeh.

Nut (hazel or filbert), jJ^i funduk ;

;

U-i s

Obdurate, Jj o^** safefcf diZ

Obedience, o-cU»l ita'nt.

Obedient, *Ja* muted.

Obeisance, *&*> ta'azeem; ^

lam.



(wall-), )*f girdoo (pistachio),

x^jpisteh; (cocoa), J*?-^ narjeel.

Nutmeg, J^lj^- juz-el hind.

Nutriment, \J* ghezd.

O.

O ij\ at.

Oak, ojli baloot.

Oar, j;b paroo.

Oath, *~J kassam.

Obey, v., ^i/'c^W itaat kardan

Object, s., ^yiA*maksood.

Object, v., ^fi\j\irad giriftan.

_. I

cy~* wamnooOblige, v.,

sdkhtan,

Oblique, Uo,j\ ureef.

Obliterate, v., &±ff~>naskh karda

&i>f^>, puk kardan.

Oblivion, J^y^J fardmooshee.

142 VOCABTJLAEY.

Obscene, isJIjIs na-pdk.

Obscure, ^^ tdreek.

Observe (to look), a*f s£ nigah

kardan ; (to keep), ^^ s& nigdh

dashtan.

>uL mane*.

Occasion, \z~»f fursut ; Js* maha

Occasional, J>\&\ itifaki.

Occupant, «—»yz* mutesarif.

Occupation, Jii shfighil; Jfkar.

Occur, v.,

*xZ>

*s\jvdlceh shudan



Obstacle,

ObstiDate,^-^. khudsar.

Obstruct, v., ^^TojuU- memana'at

kardan.

Obstruction, o*iL* memana'at.

Obtain, Îj ydftan; ^^TJÛ 7iaseZ

kardan*

Obviate, o*f£*jraft kardan.

Obvious,j&\ dshkdr.

Occurrence, irîiSî sar-guzasht.

Ocean, L^ ^, bahr moheet.

Odd (not even), *? furd; (stran

i_ê gliareeb.

Odour, _^boo.

Off, or far off, J**j ba'eed ; ^ do

Offence,^~aa-> takseer.

Offend, v., ^-XJlsij ranjdneedan.

(Offender, ^roiumukasser.

YOCABULABY. 1-

Offer, v., ^fuJd tahleef kardan.

Office (post),c_~^ munsub ; (chan-

eery), jjU^j daftar khdneh.

Officer, >_^ ;o l-o-U sahib munsub.

farzand.

Omen,^ dkhter ; JU /aZ.

Omnipotence, o,JJ kudrat.

On, ji bar; Vl» b«Z«; Jy /o&; âZa.

Once, a«9jJo yek-dafa'a; h>j*£>. ye

Offspring, £>jj>

Oh J\j vai.

Oil, c^JJ roghan.

Oilman, J>3j ^jj roghan feroosh.

Old (aged) ,^> peer; (ancient), pMlcadeem; (not new), ^fkuh-neh.

Oleander, i^s. khar-zahreh.

Olfactory, jl-iybooddr.

Olive, ^yaj zaytoon.

Omelette, £fkookoo.

murtaba ; jî yek-bdr.

Oneself, 3j» fe/tud.

Onion, jl*j piydz.

Only, V3

'

tanhd.

Onward, u~-j peesh.

Onyx, (JU-L. dL- sang i suleiman

Open, «., &/$*. *>az kardan ; oif

vd kardan.

Open, j l» b«z ; jb vaz.

144 VOCABTTLAEY.

Openly, *J&,\dshkdreh.

Opinion, sJâc akeedeh ; ^$]jraee.

Opium, 12) Ia/taryak.

Opponent, <-hj*- hareef.

Opportunity, o-î fursat; o-sj

vakt.

Oppression, jJJjzulm.

Oppressor, J'J» zalim.

Or, \> yd.

Orange, JUj^ portughdl ; (manda

,j£>j^ ndrengee ; (Seville),

ndrenj.



Oppose, v., sfxz> zid kardan.

Opposite (in position), ^.oj,roo-

be-roo ; J>li-« mukabil ; (adverse),

ijSs- aks.

Opposition, oilli mukhdlifat.

Oppress, v., ±j> Jk> zulm kardan;

^^T^jjy ta'adi kardan.

Oppressed, *j&>*mazloom.

Orator, ,jLl3 ndtik.

Orchard, cli bdgh.

Order (command), tJ-i^J farmdy

»&* hukm ; (disposition),

tarteeb ; J*> nuzm.

Order (command), v., ^y>/moodan ; ^ata S*. hukm, ddd

(arrange), ^ata t-~-VJ

'

tartee

VOCABULARY. 115

dan ;ab Ji3 nuzm dadan ; ^>

gAjfmunazam kardan.

Ordinarily, L^c imoomdn.

Oriental, ,_//-•mushraki.

Origin, J*>l «sL

Overhead,^-. ^VU bald-isar.

Overhear (to tell tales), v., &* a*

&fsukhan cheen kardan.

Overlook (a house), r., ^ >_*/-

muslirif boodan.

Original, ^Julasli.

Ornament, jyjzeever.

Orphan, *~> yateem.

Ostensible,jt^ zdhir.

Ostrich, pj+j£> shutur murgh.

Other, J&z deeger ; y_L sdyer ; j£

ghair.

Oven5Jyj tanoor.

Over, ¥1? bald.

Oversee, v., ^f'c^iU mubdsherat

kardan.

Overseer,^U nmbdsher.

Oversight, ^4- sa fi v.

Ought, Jo.Ij bayed.

Our, U ma.

Out, or Outside, ^ beroon.

Outrage, j^^j zubberdusti. .

Owe, v., ,^-ta J>j*kurz dashtan.

146 TOCABULAEY.

Owl, *y. boom; <ix* chughd.

Own, ^=* khud.

Own, v., o*f jj>\ ihrar kardan ;

^jT^]^] i'tirafkardan.

Owner,t_~=*L> sahib ;

dJLmalik.

Pagan, o-«^ e>? bwt jparoM.

Page (of a book), js?-* safha

tendant), c^-J^ J~j (.^c g

peesh-khidmet.

Pageant,l-Ui' tamtisha.

Ox, j^ gdv.

Oyster, i_iJ-» sadaf.

P.

Pace,*J£ hadam.

Pacify, dJLa* musaliheh.

Pack, v., c^~j bustan.

Packing-needle, jja y}\j*. javal dooz.

Padlock, J» fcii/i.

Paid, »J^> Ul ad# shudefi.

Pain, j,j cZitrcZ.

Paint, s., dJ, rangr.

Paint, v., a&j v&>j rang zadan

^fnuksh Icardan.

Pair, ofl?. juft.

Palace, s^^ dargah ; c^Uc im

Palanquin, a\^jo>=? taklitera

Palatable, ^W-* muzzehdur.

VOCABULARY. 147

Palate, ^^ <-JH-j sukf-i-dahan.

Palm(tree), Up. kliorma; (of hand),

o—i t_sT kuf-i-dust.

Palsey, &Z*j ra'asheh.

Paramour, jJ, rafeek.

Parcel, as-j busteh ; ^ bukcheh.

Parchment, y»\ u--^ poost-i-ahoo.

Pardon, yi-li? bakhshesh ;^_j'-«-.

ma' a/.

Paltry, iz~~^ pust.

Pant, v., ^J^-k tapeedan.

Pantaloons,j IjLashalwar.

Panther, eLb palang.

Pantry, <uU. io^ sliarbat klidneh.

Paper, J*1T kdghaz ; (news), t*\jjjj

Paradise, cJl« behesM.

Parallel, ^L-*, musdvi.

Paralysis, J& faleej.

Pardon, cJ -i/'«—*\** ma'af kardan

^jJLic baklisheedan.

Pare, v., ^J^i.1/ tarasheedan.

Parent, JJljvfiled.

Parole, Jy kol.

Parrot, ^>£>tootee.

Parrot-like, jj^lj ^^ tootee vfiree.

Parsimony, J* bukhl.

Parsley, l£^«* ja'aferi.

148 VOCABTTLAEY.

rtrfTfcPart, Sj'j pdreh ; a£j> tikkeh ;

hisseh.

Particular,, ^ya*? makhsoos ; u^li.

khass.

Pai'ticularly, U^ai. khesoosan; leyasfi

makhsoosan.

Passport, s/jJ tezkereh.

Past, x^jfguzashteh.

Paste, ^-»i khameer.

Pasture (ground), Vj* marta'

Pasture, v., cj^W cherdneeda

Partner, d^ snareek.

Partridge (red-legged),eLS kubk ;

(royal), ^^ dX fca&fc derree ;

(stone), j^i teehoo.

Pass (mountain), uijTgardaneh.

Pass, «., ^^^guzaslitan.

Passage (river or mountain), ^ju>

ma'abar; (in a house), jyl, rah-ro.

Passenger,yl~* musdfer.

Patch, iL»j vasleh.

Paternal, ^Jo pedderee.

Patience,^ sa&r,- <jL>ja.hose

Patriot, o-j^ ^j vatan doos

Patron, <jy* murubi.Pattern, <s3^»5

nemooneh.

Pave, v., ^.Tyi^ tsk-i sangr

fcardcm.

Pavement, yj>j>d^~. sang fars

VOCABULARY. 1 l«

Pavilion, ,Xi/ t^kolah ifrengi.

Paw, L pa ; *& penjeh.

Pawn, v., ^SfjJ'gero guzashtan.

Pawn. See Chess.

Pay, t-«a.lj-<> mowajib.add Icardan Ul

Pearl, Jo^ljj-omv.rwareed.

Peasant, ojU, ra'ayat.

Peculiar, ^U. khdss.

Pedigree, J~i nasi.

Pedlar, u-jy '^.J*

khurdehfroosh.



Pay, v., zf\i>\ ; Ûadd dadan.

Pea (green), ^j* ty£ nakhood fren-

gi ; (chick), ^syd nakhodcheh.

Peace, Xo sulhh.

Peacock, i^-jU»taoos.

Peach, jl^*.hooloo.

Peak, ts kelleh.

Pear, ^^Wgulabi.

Peel, o-^ poost.

Peg, j^-omeekh.

Pen, Js kalam.

Pencil, ÎJld Js kalam medad ;&\»

medad.Penetration, ^y^ teezhooshi.

Penitence, o-1jj nedamat.

Penknife, \J^J^kalamtrdsh.

Penman, y-jy Jij> klwsh nevees.

150 VOCABULAKY.

u)

Pension, asJjj vazeefeh ; ^j+z~* mus-

tamurree.

Pensioner,jy» iLkj vazeefeh khor.

Pensive, Jdsu mutafdkvr.

Penury, _ Ua.1 ihtiaj.

People, jU. khalk ; Jjis* maklilook.

Perfume, v., asfjvu mu'atta

dan.

Perhaps, Juli shayed.

Peril, Jai. khattar.

Permanent, Jta dayem.

Permission, sjL>l ijdzeh ; îl i

People, v., ysj>M abdd Tcardan.

Pepper, JaU filfil.

Perceive, v., ^JA o^l« multafat shu-

dan.

Peremptory, ^Lls kati'.

Perfect, *Uj' tamdm.

Perfidy, o3L±. khiyanat.

Perfume,^k* 'at**.

Perquisite, Ji.lj*> muddkhil.

Persia, ^1^1 irîm.

Person, ^^r1

shukhss.

Personally, Lwr- shukhssan.

Perspicuity, Jajj^ teeznazar.

Perspiration, j^ 'ara&.

Persuade, «., îf ^j ra

z^ ka

Pestilence, Îk tdoon.

VOCABULAEY. 15

Pestle, ^j^**^>* dasteh havan.

Petition, a^p 'o/reezeh.

Pheasant, Jjl5/karkaool.

Phlegm, Jij balgha-m.

Phrase, J^>\istilahh;

<z>jlz

ibarat.

cheedan.

Pigeon, /$i kabootar ; (vulg. >a

Tcaftar) .

Pike, sj-j nayzeh.

Piles (disease),^-V boraseer.

Pilgrim, jljjzowdr ; (to Mecca), ^L

Pick, «., ^^Pick (tooth), JÛ. feTieZil.

Pickaxe, xXlcoland.

Pickle, J^J turslii.

Picture,a££5

naksheh ; &jy>soorat.

Piebald, jl»laftkfc.

Piece, JjIj pdreh ;& tikkeh.

Piety, is*>l»i diyanat.

Pig, dî.khook.

Pilgrimage, o/jj ziarat.

Pill, »--» 7iub.

Pillage, o,lc ghdrai.

Pillar, j=~>setoo?i.

Pillow, £u mutaka.

Pin, dj^- soozan.>

Pincers,^1 anbur.

Pinch, ^fj^> nishkun giriftan

152 VOCABULARY.

Pious, t^>JJu muTcudas.

Pipp» Jt^ chebuoh.

Piquan t, jbô muzz ehdar ;

muzzeli.

Pistachio, <i^~jpisteli.

Pistol, as: Li' tabanclieh.

ij-c

l» &a

Pity, *&•;ration.

Place, U- j« ; J&* makan.

Plague, Û> ta'oon.

Plain, s., \j£°sahra.

Plain, adj.,j\)+tohamvdr ; ^_i

(ugly), oij zisht.

U

Pitch, eJj zift ; Jt? keer.

Pitch (with pitch), v., ^J^U

maleedan ; ^JJ'-* j£ keer

dan ; (a tent), &j ji>\.

zadan.

Pitcher, tj^koozeli.

Pitiless, *3 j<3 bee rah'm.

Pith, ji* mughz.

maZee-

chadur

Plaintiff, ^J^ mudaee.

Plan, d-laJ naksheh.

Plane (tree), jU^. chenar.

Plank, ais: takliteli ; r_jJZo/Ji

Plaut, sz> biitteh.

Plaster, Sgach.

Plate. oU^j boshkab.

Platform, £~> sakoo.

VOCABULARY.

Play, s., ^jl bazi.

Play, v., ^f i^jljbazi kardan.

Pleasant, ui^- khosh ; (of a place),

U-» o ba sefd ; »j»khoram.

Pleiades, ^j. parveen.

153

a*: Li ketabchehPocket-book, J«

baghali.

Poern,^i> shiHr.

Poet,^cli sliair.

Point (dot),JaftJ

nukteh ; (of<uCi

Plenipoteuce, J^&~>1 istikldl.

Plentiful, \j\ji ferdvdn.

Plough, psr1 shukhm.

Pluck (flowers), v., aJ#* cheedan;

(a bird), '^.^Sc^labreet kardan.

Plum, j)laloo.

Plunder, c^lc ghdrat.

Plural, ***. jame'.

Pocket, <-~a. jeeb.

speech, etc.), nukteh ; (of

sword, etc.) >>r- sar.

Poison, y*jza7i'r.

Pole (geographical),c_Ja» feuft; (o

atent), d,.>

derefc.

Policeman, ^-J^ poleess.

Polite, ^Û mo'adab.

Pollute, yzj'v-? no/as kardan.

Pomegranatejlil andr.

154 VOCABULABY.

Pomp, oîa- hishmet.

Pond, ij>y* hoz; ^^ istakhr (vulg.

J^J istalkh).

Ponder, v., ^J*^*-sanjeedan.

Ponderous, c^£-j sangeen.

Poniard, &*s kameh.

Portico, ^kjl di/van.

Portion, aâ. Msseh.

Position, Js* mahal.

Positive, ^jftju yakeen.

Positively,Uj*j

yakeenan ;

Lk*



Poor, jjis fakeer ; tj\$ibee chdreh.

Poppy, ^IsA* khashkhdsh.

Populace, -It '#m.

Porcelain, ^j^ cheenee.

Porcupine, ^ i*.y± joojeh teghee.

Port,jJ^ bunder.

Porter, ^'u,^ durban ; ^yj* ka-

poochi.

Possess, v., ^jiitadashtan ;

^jiita tassaruf dashtan.Ml

Possession, i-J^ai' tassaruf.

Possible, ^Co mumkin.Possibly, JoU. shayad.

Possibility, K*\ imkdn.

Post (letter), ii.->^j poos£; (situat

VOCABTJLABY.

mansab ; (timber, etc.), J*«

1

meel.

Posterior, t-^ 'akab.

Posterity, ^j\ owldd.

Postmaster, diU?~4 ^j reis posta-khdneh.

Poverty, ^J\S^geddee.

Powder (gun- ), ^^bdroot ; (med

cine), ujy-. sefoof.

Power, oy koovat; ty,Ji kudrat;

zoor.

Practice, j£- mashk.



Post-office, ail* ix-i posta khdneh.

Postpone, v., ^ >-*yy mowkoof

kardan.

Pot,eHj«j

deeg ; ijykoozeh.Potash, cjU^-9 Italydb.

Potato, kS^Jseeb-i-zameeni.

Potter,J^tjfkoozeliger.

Pour, v., ,.jxa£j reekhtan.

Praise, Uoju ta'areef.

Prank, i^> sheeveh.

Prawn, £~» maygoo.

Prayer,U^ dud ; jLi nemdz.

Preach, v., ^f^-3 va'az kardan.

Preacher, Mj vd'iz.

Mi

Precedent, a*jJu mukadameh.

Precious, ^fgerdn-, j-»-Skaimat

156 VOCABULAKY.

Precipice, sV&jjptirtgah.

Preface, *>.Ljj deebdcheh ; s+J&c mu-

kadameh.

Prefer, v., a\± *^h tarjeelih

dddan.

Preference, •>=./ tarjeelih.

Presence, ^.a*. hezoor ; £y±j vej

Present (not absent), ^U. hd

(from inferior to superior),

ta'druf; J^J-ti 2)&eshkesh ;

perior to inferior), old ilt

(of money), ..Ui ana'dm; (prw



Preferment, JiJturukki.

Pregnant, yji-ol dbestan.

Premium, ^tab pdddsh.

Preparation, e^lJo teddruk ; i-^

tehieh.

Prepare, v.,^>t> d,ljJ tedaruk dee-

daw; ytj a.J tehieh kardan ;ÛQ&jTlidzer kardan.

tense), -vJU hdlieh; (at pres

5)U. fraZa,- (for the present)

Preserve (jam), s., l^* murabbd.

Preserve, v., t^\^ siJnegah ddsh

Press(squeeze), v., *j2J feshur

^^jl djj' iaua dwardan.

Presume (imagine), v., ^

YOCABULABY. 1

khidl kardan ; (be presumptuous),

îjT&jâ. jessdrat kardan.

Presumption, ^^—?• jessdrat.

Pretence, «jjI# bahdneh.

Preternatural, sJs-\3 ui^-i. khaldf-i-

Pride, jj;/; ghroor.

Prince, .oljsli.shdhzddeh.

Princelike, ajUli shdhdneh.

Princess, JU. *^lj«lii shdhzddeh hh.

num.



Tcaadeh.

Prevail, v., ^J^ c-J^ ghdlib shit-

dan.

Prevent, v., c^i^ j\>.bdz dashtan ;

^j^, «iU mdn'e shudan.

Previous, j~~j peeshter.

Prey, J** sayd ; J&, shekdr.

Price, o*s5 kaymat.

Priceless, o-o-S,j

bee Tcaymat.

Principal (sum), J-.1 oslj (chie

^-J, reHss.

Print, «., ^^TujU c/wp kardan.

Printer, ^j^V chdpzan.

Prison, ^r^-hubss ;

gUij

zenddn.

Prisoner, u-^** mahbooss.

Privacy, e^U. khalvat.

Private, u»l> khdss; u>y*& mak

sooss.

158 TOCABTJLABY.

Privately, J& mukhfee; J\h j*

dur penhdnee.

Prize, v., ^\z jij*'azeez dashtan.

Probable,[J^> mumkin.

Probability, J&\ imkdn.tz~>z dusteh.

^j&U jb bdz dashtan; &&\*

ddshtan.

Project, s., s*]j\irddeh.

Project, v., *f **\j\irddeh

dan.

Promise, »J*j va'adeh; Jy kol



Procession,

Procrastinate, v., &&J'\sf 3)ijA^m

rooz o fardd kardan.

Produce, v., &*j3\j>

bar awardan;

^J^jtt^i zaher kardan.

Profit, £» nafe ; s&M fdyedeh.

Profitable, sJu> mofeed.

Profound, j*** 'ameek.

Prohibit, v., oif^*man

'

e kardan;

Promise, v., a*h f^j va'ade

dan; &&\& JjSkol dddan.

Promote, v., a *\* JJ turukki d

Promotion, J>J>

turukki.

Promulgate, v., a*\* ^j^ sh

dddan.

Pronunciation, fcaS talafuz.

Proof, J^-i daleel.

VOCABTTLABY. 159

Proper, l^*-^ drust ;L-—.U-* mu-

ndsib.

Property, JU mal.

Prophet,jr**~> payghambar.

Proposal, i—flJ£>' takleef.

Protector, ^.U. Titfmi.

Proud, j^«* maghroor ; jSL>muta-

kabir.

Prove, v., ^^p l^o^ sdbit kardan.

Provender, jJ* 'aleek.



Propose,^., .«i>j k-ftJî' takleef kardan.

Proprietor, c_-a.U sahib ; eUU

malik.

Propriety, {f^\t> shdyestigee.

Prospect, Ja^c munzur.

Prosperity, Jtsl ikbdl.

Prosperous, JU1 I? ba ikbdl.

Protect, v., ^jfo-iU*. hemdyet kar-

dan.

Proverb, Ji* masal.

Provided, £XjL> beshart-i-kch.

Province, oe^j veld yet.

Providence, ysfa^j)/* vorcardi-gari.

Provision, tjt±j zakhireh.

Proviso, \>jZ*shart.

Provocation, ekys tahreek.

Provoke, v., y^-Cll angeekhtan; vkj

^f tahreek kardan.

160 VOCABULARY.

an-rovoker, is),**muhank ; jt±

geez.

Prudence, cû haseerat ; ^jLi*

hoshydri.

Prudent, j Ll* Iwshyar ; Jslc '#HLPublic s. ^m.

Punishment, a~jj tanbeeh;

sidssat.

Pupil, ^Sj^=>\z, shagird.

Purchase, s., Joî.Jchareed.

Purchase, v.,

^J^p-Ichareedam.

Purchaser, j\ Joî.Ichareed.ar ;



(the), pie

Puff out, v., ^/ly foot hardan.

Pull, v., s^lcasheedan.

Pulley, â. cha/rkh.

Pulpit, ^~umuriba/r.

Pulse, ^ nabz.

Pumpkin, j>>STcadoo.

Pun, -lajl iliam.

Puuisb, «., ^^Sâ-^ tanbeeh hardan.

mushtari.

Pure, tiU *«/; j^L sddeh.

Purgative, Jf-~» mus-liil.

Purify, v., (jjj/'iJ'wi sdf hardan

Purple (crimson), ,j\^-j\ drghaw

(blue), *ii^ benefshehi.

Purport, i_Jlu matlab.

Purpose, ji_âiomahsood.

TOCABULAET. 101

Purse, i^S keese% ; ^jS keef.

Pursue, v., ^yîs. 'aliab kardan.

Push, v., $4$j ui-j peesh randan.

Put, v., {̂ \J^ guzdshtan ,• Û5 ne-

hadan.

Putrefy, v., g&xS'gandeedan.

Quadruple, J/JLjl-a-*. chehdr muka-

bil.

Quail, c^yjJ^ bildercheen.

Quality, jIjjumikddr.

Quantity, ^1Jiu mikddr.

Quarrel, *«»U* murafe'eh; ^jy-tda'wa.

Putrid, t&jJUTgandeedeh.

Puzzle, v., yj^T J\ri^- hayran kar-

dan.

.

Q

Quadrangle (court), oU hay at ;

(square), /ijj*muraba.

Quadruped, t,W*- chdrpd.

Quarter, q rub'e; i^ ; U*- chehdr-

yeky or d,U chdrek.

Queen, a^L> malakeh.

Quell, v., £,$£\s^*\~> sdkit kardan.

Quench (fire), ^.^TjiÛ. kharno

kardan; (thirst), ^sf ^Xi3 £.9,

ra/'e tishnagi kardan.

Question, Jj£- soo-al.

162 VOCABULARY.

Quick (speedy), J^J tund ; (living),

â.ha'i ; »JJj zendeh.

Quicksilver, jh-ij zaybak ; ty-â. jee-

veh-

Quiet, J,1 dram.

Quilt, t—»U lahdf.

jj beh.

Rabbit, <J»fj» khargoosh.

Rabble, -u&a hengdmeh.

Raddish, aa-y torubcheh.

Radiance, Ji^jjroshndee.

Rafter, ^j teer.

Rag, a^j peeneh.



Qaince,

Quit, v., ^^J>[tarlc Cardan.IN

Quite, *J^=Jl? bil-kulli-eh.

Quotation, J£i mtH.

Quote, v., zf^& nuTcl kardan.

R

Rabbi, *U.«. khdkhdm.

Railing, j^* ma'jur.

Railway, ^\i\,rdh-i-dhen .

Raiment, y-U lebas.

Rain, ^l baran ; J^j^ baris

Rain, ^J^ bdreedan.

Rainbow, ^jS^y kos-i-kazah

Raisp, v., ^Ijjj bar ddshtan

Rake, ySTeJla. khak-kesh.

TOCABULAET. 1G3

Ram, lJiirc meesh.

Ramble, ^J^. sayr kardan.

Ramrod, a~-« sunbeh.

Rancid, ***£ tukhmaee.

Rancourous, i^'keenehee.

Random, ,J^\ itifdki.

Rash, l»l>1 j>bee ihtidt.

Ravage, v., &*f^3 tardj kardan..

Raven, t\) zdgh.

Raw,J.U.

kham; tali ndpookhteh.

Ray> jilrf porta

Razor, (j*—^ AJ tee^i daldki.

Rank, ^li sha'an.

Ransack, ^^/ c^lc ghdrat kardan.

Ransom, a> ji fadiyeh.

Rapid, jJ teez ; Jo tund.

Rapier, sÎjJ kaddreh.

Rare, t->'o Skam yah.

Rascal.t&\j p\j*.

hardm zadeh.

Rascality, u5^1j »\^ hardm zddehgee.

Reach, v., âjL, o— j dust resdnee*

dan.

Reach, s., u-j Lr~—> dust rus.

Read, p.p., sJily. khdndeh.

Read, v., Âilî.khdndan.

Readily, JÎj bdmayl.

Ready, ^L. lulzer.

Ready-cash, JJii nukd.

164 VOCABULAET.

hdkeeki.

hakeekatan.

^=Jl*-o mamlakat.

Real, J'

Really,

Realm,

Heap, v.,- o^Jj^ êr0 kardan.

Rear (bring up), v., a<kj%i parvaree-

dan; (as a horse), ^L~il Ijj^j

Recall, v., Â~& j^ baz talabe

Recede, v.. <j£>j>. bargasMan;

bdzgashtan.

Receipt, J*-, raseed ; ^> kub

Receive, ^J> giriftan ; ^^Tjbool kardan.

bardopd istddan.

Eeason (mind), Jae akl ; (proof),

JJa daleel.

Rebel, J^_ yaghi.

Rebel, v., jjJw. .^V yaghi shudan.

Rebound, v., c^Tjb fraz gashtan.

Rebuke, v., ±f *JJjj~>sarzanesh

kardan.

Recent, sjl;tdzeh.

Recite, v., ^^fjai nakl karda

Reckon, v., ^-^.T'cjl-â. hissd

dan.

Recognise, v., cî.Li shendkht

Recollect, v., â\>_ ydd kar

Recommend, v., ^sf uV*-

resh kardan.

YOCABTTLAEY. 16;

Recommendation, ^la- sefdreshi.

Recompence, <J>\*L pdddsh ; sy*

muzd ; olslC mukdfdt.

Reconcile, v., ^^b zJ^\ dshti dddan.

Record, v., i>f^^4 suit kardan.

Recover (get back), v., ÎjjIj bdz

Refer, v., c*j~ *+\j rdji' kardan;

îjj\j^y\^ vaguzdr kardan.

Reflect (think), v., ^j^x-^ son

dan.

Refrain,

^^JLT'o—

j dust kasheedan.

Refuge, «b pendh.

ydftan; (health), ^l lii shefd

ydftan.

Rectitude, jJu» sidh ;(jJ\J rdstee.

Red (crimson),j*J kirmiz; (scarlet),

ty surkh.

Reduce, v., ±fS^kam kardan.

Reed, ^ nay.

Reel, £i3*b£ kaldfeh-nakh.

Refuge (to take), v., a^\ *tj pendh

awardan.

Refuse, v., ^J^ Jj-»kabool nekar-

dan.

Refute, v., ^J'^j rud kardan.

Regard (esteem), v., j&\* j>je-'azeei

ddshtan; (look at), ±jfi& ne<jdh

kardan.

166 VOCABTTLAEY.

Regard (esteem), firîMiram.

Regent, *li* -i^ kd'im makdm; ^^Vja-nesheen.

Regiment, ~y foj.

Region, ^Vnaivdliee.

'Register, s.,>»o daftar (pL>l»ade-

Regulate,v., C)'ib*~e£tanzeem d

Regulation,sJ^V§ kd'adeh; ^y^

noon.

Reign, s., oJJL- sultanat.

Reign, v., ^.aôâLi sultanat

dan.

bater) .

Register, v., &*f*z4 subt kardan.

Regret, u->~^ afsooss.

Regret,v.,

^sib^-j-il a/sooss d«s7i-

ian.

Regular,*J*te ^ 6« kd'adeh.

Regularly,sO^U jsl^ mo'dfik-i-ka' a-

deli.

Rein, jl».o-»«> dust-i-jelo.

Relate, v., c-iT J55 ^w7cl ka

^jdfsj*kisseh guftan.

Release, v., ^^T^jl dzdd kard

Religion, &a deen ; l-*»J* muz

Relish, tj*muzzeh.

Rely, v., jj^-Uatefcl itakad da

Remain, v., JoL mandan.

VOCABTTLAEY.

Remainder, ^st bdki.

Remarkable, t-^ 'ajab.

Remedy, ^s. ilaj ; »,L. chdreh.

Remember, ^b at ydd ddshtan.

Remembrance, .si ydd; (souvenir),

^tat yddgar,

Remind, v., ^jl at y#d mvardan ;

167

ta'ameerepair (mend), ^a^S

Cardan.

Repairs, oj^w ta'ameerat.

Repeal, v., ^^Tjtt 6a£e £ A:arf7<>>i.

Repeat, «., ^pTjl i« 3 guftan ; j\jZj

v^ftikrar kardan.



ij-tf u^'^' - ydddveri kardan.

Remissness, cJisc. ghiflat.

Renew, v., ^^Tjoj^J' tajdeed kar-

dan.

Renounce, v., ±fJCA inkar kardan.

Rent(fissure), dU. c/iafc ; (bire),

S, -s. ijdreh; a^kerdyeh.

Repeatedly,^^C mukarar.

Repent, v., j^Î^JLj peshimdn

shudan.

Repentance, J>^+Ai peshimdni.

Repetition, jl^Gi tikrdr.

Replete, Û-»mamlu.

Reply, ^lâ- jawab.

Report, j*± khabar ; cjî. shuhret.

168 VOCABULARY.

Repose, v., ^f eô.1^.1 isterahat

kardan.

Repose, s.,o^l/-l isterahat; ^Jiiy~>\

dsoodegee.

Represent (expose), v., sfj\&>\iz-

hdr kardan.

Reprieve, oU* mulilat.

Request, v., *f u8* ?* kha'

kardan.

Request, s., (ji*^ kha'hesh.

Require, v., ^\j± khdstan.

Requisite, &*p Idzemeh.

Rescue,oU

nejdt.

Rescue, v., ^b oUs nejdt ddda

Reproach, d «5j&&> ta'aneh zadan.

Reprove, v., sf J^)j~>sarzanish

kardan.

Reptile, ; jjU. janiver.

Reputation, )j>\abroo ; i^-mIj nd-

mooss.

Reputable,^** md'taber.

Resemblance, oaI~£> shebdhat.

Resemble, ^j^-ib o-ab-S. sheb

ddshtan.

Reside, v., ^^bU£- suknti ddsh

Residence, <J^~*musken.

Resign, v., ^^b U~~*l isteefd ddd

Resin, *£j1 angum ; y>~>sakkaz.

YOCABTTLABY. 16

Resist, v., &*/ jTs^li-jl istadigee

Tcardan.

Resolve, v., &&/],[? kerdr giriftan.

Resolution, J\J kerdr.

Respect, s.,f\f=-\

iMirdm.

Respect, v., cJx-Jb *jzsfi muhtaremddnestan.

Retail, J^jj *i>j* khoordeh feroo

shee.

Retain, v., {^\ ba

gashtan; ^J~ o*?^ murdja'a

Respectable,^*- mo'taber.

\j~*>1 isterd-Rest, s., o*]; rdhat ;

hat.

Rest, v, ^j o=»l; rdhat Tcardan.

Rest (support), aS3 tekieh.

Result, istP nateejeh.

Resurrection, o<U kiydmat.

kardan; (give back), &&U ^ pu

dddan.

Reveal, ^f\J&\ dshkdreh kardan

Revenge, *taal intikdm.

Revenue, oUU mdlydt.

Review, s., ^L sdn.

Review, v., ^jo ^L* sdn deedan.

170 YOCABTTLAKY.

Revolution, ^J,^ gardish.

Revolve, v., ^Jj^S gardeedan.

Revolver, aJy,^^ as'Lk tapdncheh

sheshlooleh' ee.

Reward, «., ^.sb pdddsh ; c>*».j ja.

hak-i-zahmat ; -Uil ana'dm.

Reward, v., ±\i -Uil ana?dm dddan.

Rich, cJ«>5 L_-a.U. sdhib doiclet.

Riddle, U»u> muammd.

Ride, r, ^J-i.^ ^-.

sawar shudan

Rider, j'^-isawdr.

Ridge, x^ljp-ushteli.

Ridicule, j^sr** muskhareh.

Right (not left), Li~-^rdst ; (



Rhubarb (medecine), JiymJ rawand ;

(fruit), w°\y.jrivas.

Rhyme, aJls kdfieh.

Rib,«JJ^

dendeh.Ribbon,j ly navdr.

Rice, J^j berinj ; (plain boiled) Û.

chelo ; (with sauce, &c), _jb pilo.

jp. liaklc.

Righteous, jiJ-» sadeek ; ^j\xi

ddkat.

Righteousness, jSu> sidk.

Rigid, oL. stf£ ; o^-1 sakht.

Eing, «L. halkeh ; (of finger), _

YOCABULAEY. 171

Ring, v., ^jîêbj zang kasheedan.

Riuglet, i-dj ZW-

Kiot, Ifcjfe ghogha.

Ripe, jJu-jjraseedeh.

Rise, v., e^-.U.^jbar khdstan ; ^J^V

pa shudan.

Risk,^lai-khatar.

Robber, &)& duzd ; (highway), tfAj

rdhzan.

Robbery, ^j^ diizdee.

Robe, Us kebd.

Robust, J^lS tanomund.

Rock,jS'kamar.

Rocket,^ sli. shdh-teer.

Rival, *-sjj». hareef.

River, ^ rood ; jjU.^ roodkhaneh.

Rivulet, ^3 Tiaîr.

Road, i\j rah ; *^V jddeh.

Roar, v., .>j */ana'areh zadan.

Roast, v., ^^\fkabab kardan.

Rob, v., ^^ diczdeedan.

Rogue, ^j\ abash; j./>shareer.

Roguery, c^fisherarat.

Roll (list), o-> fihrist; (of linen,

&c), ^looleh.

Roll (on the ground), r., ^V* ghal-

teedan ; (make a), Û JjfooZe

safc/i&m.

172 VOCABULARY.

Rolling-pin, aj.s,jvardeneh ; <v^&.

choobeh.

Roof, t-ii-» sak'f ;*1j bam.

Rook, i.'Xf'keldgh.

Room, jU»jl otafe.

Root (of a plant), ii^j reesheh ; (of

a matter), Jol dsl; beekh.

Rotation, ^sj'gardesh.

Rough, jjjzibr ; cî,^ drusht.

Roughly, (j^j-i I? bd drushtee.

Round, ^S îrd ; j3x» modavarul

artillery), eUi sheleeJc.

Row (line), «_»-» sw/; Wi. A'Tiai.



^Rope, Û—ij

reesmdn.

Rosary, ^t-^Jtasbeehh.

Rose (ordinary), ~j~> jTgul-i-surkli;

(grafted), ^j^Jj-j-j payvandi ;

(monthly), j^j jTgul-i-rashti.

Rose-water, iS^giildb.

Rot, v., yJ~~>y poosedan.

Row (in a boat), v., *j jj/o pa

Royal, djLli slidhdneh.

Rub, v., ^JJU maZeecZan..

Rubbing, Û rndlish.

Rubbish, Jli^l dshJchdl.

Ruby, JJ Za'Z.

Rug, *s?l» kdlicheh.

VOCABTJLAEY. 17

Ruin (building), *>[£. khardbeh ;

(destruction), ^j1>khardbi.

Ruined, ^Jw. i-jlî.khardb shudan ;

îjsfmakhroob.

Rule (canon),^l dmr; (government),

o-j^. hekoomat.

Rule k±. fc7ia£ fca-

Runner (footman), JoiL shdtir.

Rust, ebj zan^.

S

Sable (fur), mV-sanjab.

Sabre, j*Z-C> shamsheer.



(lines), «., ^J^Tsheedan ; (govern), ±jf \z~*>f*>

hekoomat kardan.

Ruler (for lines), jX^-» musdar ;

(governor), *^=>^ hakim.

Rumour, cî. shuhrat.

Run, v., ^Jjj.5 daveedan ; ..^^

Sack, s., J^ jawdl.

Sack, i'., ^T £Û j Lî.lj tefcM

tdrdj kardan.

Sacred, ^-Ji- mukuddus.

Sacrifice, s., ^l?/ kurbdn.

Sacrifice, v., o'if ok/ kurbdn kar

dan.

Sad, eU- diltang

174 YOCABULABY.

Saddle, &) zeen ; (pack), .^\j pdldn.

Safe, ^\ amn.

Safely, ^-»^L. Ij bd saldmat.

Safety, i»}L, saldmati.

Saffron, ^J&j za'aferdn.

Sage (wise), Jsls- 'dkil.

Said mazkoGr.

Saliva, i-Jj £w/.

Sallow, vkjtjj zardrang.

Salt, dUi nemek.

Salt-cellar, a\i eU5 nemek-dan.

Salty, jy± shoor.

Saltpetre, *;yi shooreh.

JL

(aforesaid ),jj^J^

Sail, ^W^ bddbdn.

Sailor, ,j^j»bahri.

Saint,^ peer ; a^lj^Ll imdmzddeh.

SakeJ>fkU. Jchdter.

Sal-ammoniac, j^U.J neshddur.

Salary, t—-^.^ mawdjib.

Sale, a-j bay ; j-^ feroosh.

Salubrious, sdlim.

Salver, acj**« majma'eh.

Salutation, j«iL.salarn.

Salute, v., a&\a |»^L,saldm dddan

Same, lj~+a, hameen.

Sample, *i^*i nemooneh.

Sanction, *jl».l ijdzeh.

Sand, <j-U mdseh.

VOCABULABY. 17

Sandal, j,U. eharuk.

Sandal-wood, J*u- sandal.

Sanguinary, ^y£y» khoonkhdr.

Sap, ij>£>sheereh.

-Sapphire, J^ajslj yakoot kabood.

Sarcasm, ±±sh ta'aneh.

atlas.

Saving (frugal*, jljJl ^^j pus dndd

Savour, oJJ lizzet ; tj+muzzeh.

Saw, sj\arreh.

Say, v., ^giiftan.

Saying, j\xfgvftdr.

Scabbard, «—» $£ gheldf.

Scafiblding, ^xj v>*- choob nabdi

Satin, u-itl

Sash, AzijS kamarband.

Satan, ^Â1 shaitan.

Satisfaction, oil*} rezdyet.

Satisfy, v., o^^j r5a1'

kardan.

Saturate, v., o&J}t?»klieess kardan.

Saucer, ^XJuond'albeki.

Save, v., ^ta olsi wej«£ dddan.

Scale, a\jt^meezdn.

Scar, eta ddgh.

Scarce, S kam ; JJs kaleel ; ^kam-ydb.

Scarcity, JaJ kahtee.

Scare, v., Juil~>/ tarsdneedan.

Scarlet, ~j~> surkh.

176 VOCABTTBABY.

Scatter, v., ^JÎj pdskeedan ; ^J&

v^fpakhsh kardan.

Scent, y,boo.

Scent, v., o^fy. boo kardan.

Scholar (pupil), *j£=\2> sliagird ; (di-

vinity), <h-LL talabeh ; (learned

man), J* l-Û sahib VVni.

Scorch, v., ^3-. sookhtan.

Scorpion, i-ys-akrab.

Scoundrel, **\j*\j* hardmtddeh.

Scout, (j-^-U. jdsoos.

Scrape, v., ^j-il^. khardsTieeda

Scratch, v., see scrape.

Scream, v., ^j j**. jeek zadan.

School, ju-^jômadrasseh ; t_~iC

malctub ; (fellow), t_-^ ^ hvmi

maktub ; (master), J** mo'allem.

Science, Jic ilm.

Scissors, i>)/* mikrdz ; ^si? kaychi.

Scold, v., i^f J*)j~> sarzanish kar>

dan.

Screen, a>y pardeh.

Screw, g} peech.

Scribe, ^Kkdtib.

Scruple, a^. shubheh; ek. shak.

Sculpture, Îsinakdahi.

Scum, (-aTfea/.

Sea, \)j& daryd.

VOCABULARY. 177

Seal, j4»rrmh'r ; (animal),

1;a eU

sag-i-daryd.

Seal, v., ^J'jt* muh'r kardan.

Seam, c*jJ dookht; jji dwrz.

Search, v., â~a. justan ; ifj*~*-

just ojoo kardan; ^\s*^ tafa-

hus kardan.

Secure, ky«* mahfooz.

Scarcity, l=^>^-i seldmat.

Sedition, ^Li fasdd ;*u» fitneh.

See, v., b)«*><sdeedan.

Seed,j*s?

tukhm.

Seek, e^~». justan.

Seem, v., ,j«>>*5na?noodan ; Jui^»'.ii

Season, ^j* mowsam; J-as/us'Z.

Seat, cJi—ti ^U. jdee neshestan.

Second (time), A,Jl> sdni-eh ; (posi-

tion), js_s duyum ; ^Jl?sirct.

Secret, jl,r<£z.

Sect, aAjU» tdyefeh.

Section, -adal kuta'e'h.

zaTwr shudan.

Seize, ^pfgirijtan.

Seldom, b'^,JJ nudratan; jiSkamtar.

Select, v., ±f <-i\&\ intikhdb kar-

dan.

Select, p,p., ir^* muntakhib.

Self, *ji.khud.

x

178 YOCABTTLABY.

Selfish, ir~->.> uji. khud doost.

Sell, v., &&-JJ* ferooJchtan.

Send, v., ^\^ji feristddan.

Senior,^ peer ; jSkebeer.

Senna (drug), U- senna.Vi

Sense (feeling), y-a. hiss; (intellect) f

Jiit 'akl.

Separate, 1 J**, judd.

Separately, o***^ eldhedeh;

judd-judd.

Separation, ^J\J*- judd-ee.

Sepulchre, fifgoor.

Sequel, &J&A dkherat.

Sequester, ^$f\>~i>zubt liarda



Senseless (wanting life), J^^. bee-

hoosh; (without meaning), ,y**?

bee-ma'anee.

Sent, s3\z~>j9 feristddeh.

Sentence (phrase), \z>\* ibdret. See

Judgment.

Sentinel, ^U-b pdssbdn.

Sergeant, ^£»l?a dah bdshi.

Serious (affair), *$* mohim; (p

j^L. sangeen.

Serpent,jU mar.

Serpentine, -£,L mdrpeech.

Servant, j&*£ noker ; p^U

dim.

VOCABULAEY. 179

Serve, v., ^sf^fy nokeri kardan ;

^^ oowXi. khidmat Jcardan.

Service, \jj>y nokeri; o-J^- khid-

met.

Set, v., ^loT guzashtan ; ^jI^J ne-

hddan.

Settle, v., ^jTjjZ* mukarar kardan;

Shake, v., ca\i ^Kj takdn dddan.

Shame, *jitshurm ; L> hyd.

Shameless, *jL ^ bee shurm ; W (_

See 7iya.

Shank, jL safe.

Shape, J£-i. shikl ; o-» heyat.

Share, v., ±jiz~+~a kismat kardan.



(jailJ^j}j5 kerdr guzashtan.

Several, jo*, chund ; ^.J^- chun-

deen.

Severe, ^.j-* sakht ; Jo j*£i shedeed.

Sew, yîji dookhtan.

Shabby, ^*H».hakeer.

Shade, 4jL» sayeh.

Sharp, jJ teez.

Shatter, v.} $jT Sjî.

khoord kardan

Shave, v., ^J-i]/ terdsheedan.

Shawl, Jli shdl.

Shed, v., ij&j reekhtan.

Sheet, J-*^ shamad ; ii\» moldfeh.

Shelf, *JIk tdkcheh.

180 VOCABULARY.

Shell (fish), i_»J^ sadaf; (bomb),

Sj\j*». hhonvpdreh.

Shelter, *Uj pendh.

Shepherd, c;^»»- choopdn.

Sherbet, o^> sharbat.

Shield,j~* neper.

Shiue, v., ^j^jIj tdbeedan ; ^Ju-1^

Shock (to give a), Îj ^Ki

dddan.

Shoe, L£iS'lcafsh ; (horse), JsJ

(canvas), tyS'geeveh.

Shoemaker, jj^ ^jufkafsh-dooz.

Shoot (a bird, &c), v., z>) z

(to fire upon), ^jTjZ cUtf



dara/c/iseedaw.

Ship, s.,j{&. jehdz ;fj£S'~keshtee.

Ship, -y., yjj^J^a. 7i,a?uZ ~kardan;j\i

^fbdr Jcardan.

Shiver, v., ^>jj larzeedan.

Shock, aoJwj sudmeh ; uj,.* 2iw&; ^K)'

dar kardan.

Shoot, s.,As^-lii shdkhcheh.

Shop, ^fo dukdn; tj^-hujreh; y

ails*- maykhdneh ; (apotheca

ajU. j^ dawdkhdneh.

Shore, *JS kendreh.

Short, t^jfkootdh.

YOCABTTLAKY 18

Shortly (in short), j^s. rrmkhtasser ;

(presently), j^^ filfor ; 5H

dldn.

Shortsighted, ^^kambeen.Shot, a^.Li sachmeh.

Shovel, Jrf &eel.

Shoulder, jjI- shdneh.

Shrewd, ^Li.^* hoshyar.

Shriek. See Scream.

Shrimp, £* maygoo.

Shrink, v., jJLT-*;

.> dar 7ium la

sheedan.

Shroud, ^kajan.Shrub, &* booteh.

Shout, s.,jb dad; jljl dvdz.

Shout, v., i/ j>b dad kardan ; jhjl

jjj^/'ai'az kardan; 2jT\j«, sedd

kardan.

Show, s., liLi' tamdshd.

Show, v., ^^b ^llj nishdn dddan.

Shower, yi/o bdresh.

Shuffle, v., &*j~*j> barhum zadan.

Shun, v., ^.ip vUs&.l ijtendb kardan

Shut, v., c>i~j bustan.

Shy, J^- khijil.

Sick, yiji-lindkhosh ; Ju.j* mareez

o-1

^? behdlat ; JJ* aleel ;

za'eef.

18S YOCABTJLABY.

Side, ^Jjo taraf;

^pahloo.

Siege, s^-ls*mohdssereh.

Sieve, J^c gharbeel.

Sift, v.j ^^ beekhtan.

Sigh, xJjTi\ dh kesheedan.

Sight,^liinazar ;

sfc negdh.

(short), ^.S' kambeen ;

Signify, v., i^\^ i a*+ ma'aneetan.

Silence, <S J*U. khdmooshee.

Sick, *i^?l aferesTiam.

Silly, *^_j*jbeehoodeh.

Silver, tj&nukreh.

Similar, J^L manend.

*.>'•— sddeh.



Sighted

(dim), ^ eb,b tareek-been; (loug),

^^jî doorbeen,

Sign, ^li-3nishdn ; u^«Û 'ilamat.

Signal, Sjlilishdreh.

Signature, f'uiol -iniza'.

Significant, (_f^* 'o ba nza'anee.

Simple,

Sin, »UTgundh.

Sin, i>., Lj>i/'»Ur5rz7jia7i,kardan

Since, ^j^ choon; *&y$ choon

Sincere, jÛ s«cZiA; ;>_»L>

.sa/

Sincerity, i^5ljs-> seddkat.

Sinful, ÎTsUS gondhkar.

YOCABUEALY. 1S3

Sing, ^J^y- khdndan. ; ^Jilî )Wdvdz khdndan.

Singer, sJcJlji.khdnendeh.

Single, eiJ tak ; (unmarried), ^s*

mujurrad.

Singular, &ju mufrad.

Sink, v., j*j 3} froo raftan ; j>

Sister, j*\y» khdher ; *î~»» ham-sheereh.

Sit, v., c^—15 neshestan.

Situation, ^(C makdn.

Situated, *slj vake'.

Size, Ji kud ; *j1jj1 dnddzeh.Size (glue), J^ sereesh.

a J£> ghurk shudan ; ^jj* ^°J*

ghooteh khurdan.

Sinless, «U£o beegondh.

Sinner, JC*\£ gondh-kdr.

Sip, v., ^yiy»j* muzmuzeh kardan.

Sir, L_*&.L» sahib.

Sirup, fj*^sheereh.

Skewer,^s-i

seekh.

Skilful, jjls fca&ik

Skill, o-k^ kdbiliyat.

Skin, s., o-_>i poost.

Skin, v., xS'^->y, poost kandan.

Skirt, ^b damen.

Skulk, v., J-i ^W^ penhun shudan

184 VOCABULARY.

Sky, Û-.] asmdn.

Slack, tj>—» sust.

Slacken, v., ^fiz~~~> sust kardan.

Slap, ^^L-iseelee.

Slaughter, Ji» kutl.

Slave, j.iU gholam.

Slay, v., ^îfkushtan.

Sleek, *>j furbeh.

Slide, v., ^Sijii laghzeedan.

Slide, s., tj^Ju shurshureh.

Slight. See Slender.

Slime, ^ lejjen.

Sling, eU-- <J5 kulbeh sang.

Slip, v., &&_$ laghzeedan.

Slip, s., ^pî laghzesh; (of a p

Js kalam ; (of the pen),

Sleep, s., vl}» khdb.

Sleep, v., ^j-olji.khdbeedan.

Sleeplessness, ^[5-*^ beekhdbee ;

Îjuj beeddree.

Sleeve, ^t^] asteen.

Slender, ek,U bareek.

sah'v-i-kalam.

Slippery, JJ Zeez.

Slit, v., ^pte. shakdftan.

Slow, ai~j»1 dhisteh ; ^y. yav

jSkund.

Slowly, <vi~jb1 dhisteh.

VOCABULARY. 18

Sluggard, Jp tunbul.

Sly, hJ^jzeereJc.

Small, eUjTfciicTiefe ; ^y- khoord.

Sinallness, J^fkoochekee.

Smallpox, Jbl ableh.

Smart,j/^«; (Pain)> u£j*» sooxesTi.

Smear, v.. ^Û maleedan.

Smell, «.,_}>feoo.

Smite, v., &j

zadan ;

^^koobeedan.

Smith (black), fi*\ ahenger ; (gold)

jQ zargar.

Smoke, Jj^ dooci ; Û-s dukhdn.

Smoke(chimney),

v., *j~ dj-adoo

Tcai'dan ; (tobacco), ^J^lfkashee

dan.

Smell, v., o^y. boo Tcardan.

W _ I

Smile, s., ~~3 tabassum; J^a-t-J

lubkhund.*

Smile, v., *J> p~~3tabassum kar-

dan ; yjif Ji±.t_J lubkhund Tcar-

dan.

Smooth, (_il<» saf.

Smother, v. , zf&* khufeh kardan

Snare, -b dam; j^kamand.

Snake,jU mar.

Sneeze, v., a^f^s- 'atseh kardan

Snipe,j^di nukderuz.

186 VOCABULARY.

khurkhur tar-Snore, v., Sjfj»j±

dan.

Snout, >jy poozeh.

Snow, s., (_*j> barf.

Snow, v., ^Jo^ ±Jj> barf bareedan.

Snuff,sJ6\

dnfieh.

Snuff-box, ^ta-uwl dnfiehddn.

hum

Sock, ^jyt- jurdb.

Soda, vUi kalidb.

Sofa, c.Q neemkat.

Soft, (•/nurm.

Softly, «-»* ahesteh.

Soil, v., ^^jT'g^jJI aloodeh karda

Soil, s., elU. khdk ; ^j zameen.

So, t^*** humcheen; £_>***

choon.

Soak, v., g&fu***. kheess kardan.

Soap, e)^^ saboon.

Sober, jL^» hoshyar.

Sociable, oaM lj bd Hifat.

Society, u~*.Lm musdhabat.

Sojourn, i-Jsy tawakuf.

Solace, v., zJTL3 tasali kard

Sold, <^jy ferookhteh.

Solder, ~J laheem.

Soldier, jU^ sarbaz.

Sole (only), Wi tanha.

Solely,laai fakat.

VOCABULAET.

khdhesh kar-

18

Solicit, v., ^ J^y*

dun.

Solid, J^* munjamid.

Solve, v., $yj&>\ ashkdr kardan.

Sometime, j*jeb yek vakti.

Sometimes, ^jtfgahi; »\fs\fgah-gdh.

Somewhere, J^jd-ee.

Song, »jl_j1 avdzeh.

Soon, Jjjzood ; ^^>jy.

be zoodee ; S*

jald.

Sop, A«ii lukineh.

Sorcerer,J^^ jddooger.

Sordid, cU» tamd\

Sore, «&j zakhm.

Son, s~j pesser ; Jjjj? jarzand ; Jj

valad ; (grandson), sy neveh ; (of

Adam), -.si^/i

beni Adam; (of

a king), t&\)»^> slidh-zddeh ; (of a

nobleman), it>\) j#>\ameer-zddeh ;

(only), J^-j tf>1-il>?t voahhad ; (in-

law),.sLta ddmdd.

Sorrow, ^ gharri ; ^jjf^ dilgeeree

sjjilandooh.

Sorry, dl^c- ghamnak ; j£}± di

geer.

Sort, fjrakkam ; ^r^. jins ; jy

joor ; cy no'e; *~5 ktssm; a

gooneh.

1S8 VOCABULARY.

Sought,»juJl»

talabeedeh ; lj^IL*

mutloob.

Soul, -jj rooh ; \*.jdn.

Sound, 1j-» seda; \z>y>sot.

Soup, \>jyi>shorbd

; oi^Tl dbgoosht.

Sour, J±j tursh.

Source (water), &+£-* cheshmeh ;

(origin), J->1 asl.

Span, »—^j vajab.

Spangle, eU_^ jmlak.

Spark, sj\j jUl atesh pareh ;

cherekeh.

Sparkle, v., ^Jy-li^,^daraJchahee

Sparrow, d~^> gunjishk.Speak, v., ^fguftan ; ^j <—

i^*.

zadan.

South, <->y+ jenoob.

Sow, v., ^f'

\sss\j)zera

1

at Tcardan;

ij^X kdshtan.

Space, Ui fezd ; o»-ij vusaat.

Spacious, a~-j vusee'.

Spade, J* beel.

Spear, sjJ nayzeh.

Special, yej^s viakksooss.

Species, ^^^jinss ;

p~5

kissm.

Specimen, ujJ nemooneh.

Speck, iLiii nuHeh; A3 lekkeh.

Spectacle, liUi' tamdshd.

YOCABULAET. 18

Spectacles, <2k*c 'aynek.

Speech, a\ijzebdn.

Speed, aisP 'ajaleh ;i-jIsA shetdb.

Speedily, us&jj>be zood.ee ; l$±^> be

tundee.

Spell, v., ^^fiLl im la Icardan.

Spend, v., ±fi-»j* sarf Icardan; ^J»

Spirit, £.<}j rookJi.

Spirited, o^c »_^L> saheb-i-gheyrat

Spiritless, #*£ beejdn.

Spiritual, ^^jj rohdnee.

Spirits, j*y± johar ; (out of), iU.>

bee-demagh.

Spit (for roasting), >--> seekh.

*jfkharj Icardan.

Spice, &i)$\advieh.

Spider, o^Jop 'ankaboot.

Spill, v., j&j reekhtan.

Spin, v., ^j rustan ; Û bdftan.

Spinach, p-^-1 ispenaj.

Spiral, j^î peechdar.

Spit, v., yji/'t-aJ tuf kardan.

Spite, xJfkeeneh.

Spittle, \J& tuf.

Splendid, Jia. jalleel.

Splendour, JÛ jellal.

Split, v., ^Ki shekdftan.

Spoil, s., o,le gharat.

190 TOCABULAEY.

Spoil, v., ^sj ±)\j± kherdb kardan ;

^j/^jU zaye' kardan.

Sponge, ^1 dbr.

Spoon, j^W kdshook.

Sport (games), ^jjl bdzi ; (fun),

j^y^ shookhi ; (chase), J& she-

kdr.

Spread (carpet, &c), ^^f\J>y fa

kardan.

Sprightly, c—^chust; elYU. chd

Spring (season), jV+4 behdr ;

water), < «*

,^ cheshmeh.

Sprinkle, v., ^JÛ ptisheedan.

Sprout, v., cjJ'-jjjrooeecZan.

Sportsman, \jj&> sliekdri.

Spot, JU. khdl ;Aim nukteh ;

a^J

lekeh.

Spout, * _jllooleli.

Sprain, v., ^J^. el^ ^rag-berag shu-

dan.

Sprain, uif^ peechesh.

Spurs, j-**->mahmeez.

Spurious, t_Ji fraZb ; J«a. ja'al.

Spy, s., (_hjÛ. jdssooss.

Spy, v.,g^^^-j'-a-jassoosseeArar

Squadron, alL, ressaleh.

Squander, v., c$jT <*j\jj\ israf

dan.

VOCABTJLAET. 191

Square, £ij*murubba' ; i^j^ê*

chehar goosheh.

Squeeze, v., *j^2J feshdrdan.

Squills, Jjfl-ilaskail.

Squint, s., Jjja.1ahval.

Squint, v., ^y. J[y»-1 ahval budan.

Stab, v., &&) tjV Tcdrd zadan ; j*^

Stagnant, ».>1=~j1 istddeh.<*,

Stain, ixJ lakkeh.i

Staircase, A>pelleh.

Stake (wood), £.meefc7i ; (at play)

Lî.shurt.

Stale, ai^ kohneh ; (victuals), *iL

shuhdneh.

$j khanjar zadan.

Stable, s., A*^ taveeleh.

Stability, <jj^\ paiddree.

Stack, ^j^ Jcharman.

Staff, L~£ 'asd.

Stag, lyj^j^ gdvikoohee.

Stage, j£* sakoo.

Stalk, jL safc.

Stall (for cattle), j>1 dkhoor.

Stamina, a~j bunyeh.

Stammer, v., ^J? &Uj zebdn gvrif

tan.

Stamp, v., ijzadan.

Stamp, s.,j*»muh'r.

192

Stand, v., gds-tlistadan ;

^j^b pasheedan.

Standard, JJ^> baydak.

Star, Jjlx-ilistdreh.

Starch, jl_^-IJL-j nishdsteh ; j\—»1

dhdr.

Starling, jL» sar.

VOCABULAET

(up), State (condition), cJU. hdlat ; J

dhwdl ; Jl» hal ; (rank),

martubeh; (pomp), J^U- jel

(in this state of affairs), o)Wdor een hdlat ; (affairs

of st

cXUj^l dmoor i mamlakat.

Station, jC~» muskun ; J^ munz

murkaz ; && makdn.

Start (to begin journey), ^1»1 »b

rah uftadan ; (from sleep), ^-Ajp-j\

,-^r-j )dz kh'db burjustan.

Startle (for terror), v., ±f p ramkardan.

Starve, v., daf. j^-J^

az guresnegee

murdan.

j5y

Stationary, «.il=~jl istddeh.

Stationer, ^jj &K kaghaz feroo

Statue, **~*° mojussameh.

Stature, JJol anddm.

Statute, y\s kanoon.

Stay, v., ^JjU mancZan.

TOCABULAEY. 193

tead (instead of), j>f-

avaz ;Us bejd.

teadfast, ^ kayem.

teal, v., c;Jo-ij«iduzdxedan.

team, j&. bukhdr.

teel, ^y fooldd.

teep (downhill), y„;^- sarazeer;

(uphill), %_,->sarabdld.

»jj &oo-ee ;

Steward, ^U nazir.

Stick, ujj*.c/ioob ;

U* 'assa.

Stick, v., o^w* chaspeedan.

Sticky, dl~~*- chaspndk,

Stiff, o^ safcfrt , is-*- s<f*.

Stifle, v., c,j/' i» t/ia/a kardan.

Stifling,aii. khafa.

henooz ; baz.

•tench, j^j^ gandeedeh

ajjo badboo.

tep, ,.Jikadam j (of promotion),

a»y.> derejeh; i^j* martabeh; (of

staircase), aL pelleh.

Step, v., ^JT +J3 kadam giriftan.

5tew, ^^ yakhni.

Still, 3^» j\>

Stillness, ^1,1drdmi.

Stimulate, '., cr^l angeekhtan.

Sting, s., u~> wees7i.

Sting, v., cj>>j J~> *««& sadan.

Stingy, ij-^keniss.

Stink. *See Stench. o

194 VOCABTJLAET.

Stipulate, v., aAj\ji> shart kardan.

Stipulation, )*jushart.

Stir, v., ^_f^r- harakat Tcardan.

Stirrup, yJCjrehab.

Stock (ofa gun), J\<MS konddk.

Stocking, u ;j» jurab.

Stolen, jJ^jj duzdeedeh; (property),

Stoop, s., *» fclFntm.

Stop, v., ^ala-ilistadan

mdndan.

Stop, s,aWs nukteh.

Store, ,U1dnbdr.

Stork, jld lukfoik.

Storm, ^Ujt to/So.

Story (narrative), oi^- h



ijtp JU mal-i-duzdee.

Stomach, s J*- mctadeh; ^>shakam.

Stone, dL- scmgr.

Stony, ^VeL- sanglakh.

Stood, s^Ii-jJ istadeh.

Stool, *i^jW charpayeh.

Stoop, v., o^(*

khum shudan -

Jai wtifcl ; (of a bouse), *&

keh.

Stove, ijj\&,

bukhdri.

Stout, j J*skatoor ; (strong

mazboot.

Straight, o-j, rast ; (ina



196 VOCABULARY.

Stroke, s., ^j^ zurb.

Stroke, v., ^JÛ maleedan.

Stroll, v., ^3j J^^f garddsh raftan.

Stroll, s., ^zjfgardash.

Strong, ^y kavee.

Struggle, v., îjTjâj J+jadvajalid

hardan.

Stubborn, j~»sy»khudsar.

Subject, o~£, rtfaxjet ; aIL £a

Sublime, ^Jl*a'ah'.

Submission, c>*U»l itd'at.

Submissive, /di* mutee'.

Subsequent, Jw ha' ad.

Substance, oli z#£.

Substantive, «-. -mn.

Substitute, v., cJ^/'ji J-i' tabd

Stuff , s., A^,b parcheh.

Stuff, v., &<**& chapeedan.

Stupid, j^-1 ahmak ; &j~> safee.

Stumble, v., ^j p*r>sar-i-sum raf-

tan.

Stvle (in writing), *lii1 insha.

dan.

Substitute, s.n^t^\^. janeshee}

avaz.

Subtract, v., ^J'l^, minha

Subvert, v., oifjjJJJ zeer ° r

dan.

VOCABULARY. 19

Succour, iJ^» medad.Such (as this), e>s* > hamcheen; c^-

chaneen ; (as that), o^** ham-

chendn ; ^ chenan.

Sudden, sfc'li ndgdJi.

Suddenly,

Uai ghijlatan.

Suffer, v., *f\y+sc taliamul kardari;

(loss),yj£jj* zarar Tcasheedan.

Suit(of clothes),

a=-».i dusteh.

Suit (agree), v., ^L f*\>bdhu

saklitan.

Suitor, j>jy

s. 'ariz.

Sulphur, tfj? googird.

Sultan, ^UiLj sultan.

Sultry,ai> Ichufeh.

Sum (of money), mublugh



Suffice, v., uJ^ 4^ kafi shudan.

Sugar, &3 kund; (unrefined), J2>

sheker ; (candy),oU3 nabdt ;

(plums), JS3 nukl; (cane), J^~>

ney-i-sheker.

Suggest, v., ^b »j^1 ishdrehdadan.

£*(arithmetic), yL* hessdb.

Summer, Wo tubistan; (crops

iu-o sayfee.

Summit, sKkelleh.

Summon, s., .j±~& talabeedan.

198 VOCABULAEY.

Sun, vUl dftdb;

JJ^,^-

kliursheed ;

(disk of), v-jUjI voj kurs-i-dftab >

(worshipper), o--^ v^l dftdb

parest; (exposed to), ^ i->l»1 dftab

roo; (beam), i_>U y^j partd-i-dftab;

(flower),t-jksl ^fgul-i-djtdb; (rise),

vial c^lt teloo' -i-dftdb ; (set), «^«^

Suppose, -u., ^jTyl^Tgemail k

Suppress, v., ^jfj^ makhfi k

Sure, v., (^ yakeen.

Surety, ^U zdmin.

Surface, jj roo.

Surgeon, —1^. jarrahh.

Surname, t-Jil lakkab.

Surpass, v., c^i.XTguzasMan.



Superb, *iic 'azeem.

Superfluous, Jolj zdyid.

Superintendent, J*\indzir.

Supper, |.Llsham.

Support (endure), ^U is*llt tafcai

Surprise, t-*^ ta'ajub.

Surprise, v., $y v*?*^ mut

kardan.

Surprised, v., ^f^^ ta'aj

dan.

TOCABTTLAET.19

Surrender,^,i^f^tasleem dddan.

Surround, v., aif'j-^ muhdssereh

kardan.

Survey, v., o*3**i paymoodan.

Surveyor, j~~> momayiz.

Suspect,v.,

a&ji

^Sgeman

burdan;

tf&U Aji shubheh dashtan.

Suspicion, alS gemdn ; ^ shubheh.

Sweep, v., o^/^3j^Jar00hkardan

Sweet, ,j>.j^>shireen.

Swell, v., a*f?jivaram kardan.

Swift, J^j' tund.

Swim, ^fy^ sheno kardan.

Swing, (2)^1dbrak.

Switch, &) tarkeh.

Swoon, ,J& ghush.

Swoon, v., ±fj* ghush kardan.



Sustain, jA^ji bar dashtan.

Swallow, s., A^J* chelchelleh.

Swallow, v., &*/. }J froo burdan.

Swamp, cjb^>murddb.

Swear, v., ^jy- f*kassam khurdan.

Sweat, Jj* arak.

Sword, jfM.a.shamsheer ; (rapier

'*

ij\j3kuddreh.

Symbol, c^>^e ilamat.

Symptom,jUidsdr.

Synonymous, ^j** f*hum mani.

V0CABT7LAEY. 2

Tame, adj.,

^ram.

Tame, v., ^L. p\jram sdhhtan.

Tan, v., o^f^^ dubdghee hardan.

Tank, <je>y-hoz.

Tantamount, JÛ. mo'adil.

Tar, a\J*£ kaytrdn.

Tarantula, Jjj rotel.

Tart (acid), J»J tursh.

J~^- chesheedan.

Tawny, ^ffXfgandum goon.

Tax, oUL mdliat ; ^> baj.

Tea, Û- c7iai.

Teach, v., ^b ak 3/^ dddan; ^y

dmoolcMan.

Tear (a rent), dl* c7i«fc.

Tear, w., ej^â^ra fcardan.

Tear, s.,eli\ ashfc.

eli os

Taste, v.,

Taste, s., *> muzzeh.

Tattler, ^^ sahhan cheen.

Taught, J«* muta'alim.

Taunt, v., o-sj<^*1> ta'aneh zadan.

Tavern, <ulit« mayTchaneh

Tears (to shed), ^j.Hi _

Tease v., ^f^>i^ dziet Jcardan.

Teeth, Udljj^ denddnhd.

Telescope, ^jo doorbeen.

202 VOCABULARY.

Tell, v., ^h/gujtan; ±f^ nukl

kardan.

Temerity, j»\z~S gostakhi.

Temper, ^y- khoo ; ji» khulk ;

(good), jli \J>f- khosh kliulk ;

(bad), y- Jo bad klioo.

Temperament, o*~k tabee'at; ^>tube'

Tenant,^f^— mustajir.

Tend, v., o^T J^ nww/2 kard

^j> JjL mayil boodan.

Tender, a., e)jl>nazwfc ; o^ n

ween ; */ nurm.

Tender, s.,

*-JJ& takleef.

Tenderly, o^.^L ^ &# moldyemat

Tendon, ^ 'pay.



Temperate, Jj^-«-«moHadil ;

^.5U

molayem.

Temple,

Ss^> musjed.

Tempt, v., aif^ ighva kardan ;

Temptation, \^\ ighva.

Tenacious,^ mussir.

Tenour, &y***mazmoon.

Tent,jÛ chadur; (to pitch a),

yjchadur zadan ; (to take d

a), jjfj*\*.chadur kandan;(yo

&j* derek ; (pegs), ^ meekh.

Term, cÛt ibdret.

YOCABTTLABY.203

Terminate, v., j^^> f^ khatm

sakhtan; ^jl r^ *J be injam

awardan.

Terrace, &Az*\* mdhtdbeh.

Terrible, 12)U>».holndk.

Terrify, v., ^J^^y tursdneedan.

Territory,eiU milJfe.

Terror, of3 turss ; o^»j vahshat.

Thank, v., ^ta^shukr dadan.

Thankful, u-Ui J*- fcwfc shendss.

Thankfulness, îi tashukur.

That, dew. pro., 1 aw (vulg., oon)

(that which), ^ I ancheh; (seein

that), ejj*- cTuxm; (that is to say)

jju ya'anee; (in order that)

b' id.

#° shudan.

Test, ^U*^ imtihdn.

Testify, v., ^l-5 i^W^ sheliadet

dddan

Text (original), JJ dsl ; (verse), *J

<zye7i.

Than, jl «».

Thaw, r., ^J^ <^

Theatre, ajU. liUi' tamaslid khaneh.

Theft, l5^-sduzdee.

Themselves, ^>^ khudishan.

Then (- that time), taSyldnvakt

204 VOCABTJLAET.

Thence (= from that place), \d\J\

dzdnjd.

There (= that place), Uil anja

(vulg., oonja).

Thereabouts (= in those places),

\s*\j?\jS derail] (ilia.

Therefore,\X£ lehaza ;

^jl^labend-

heran.

Thick, vizis' kulufb ; ssS'gundeh.

duzd.

Thing,jjj*

cheez.

Think, «., ^.s^ J'-» fefrwzZ Tcard

^sjiLi jol dwleesheh Tcardan.

Thirst, (jX^' tishnagee.

Thirsty, <uio tishneh.

This, j^l een,.

Thorn, ^li.A-7ior.

Those, l#1 dnhd (vulg., oonlia).

Thou, y to.

Thief, *j&

Thigh, gjljran (vulg., roon).

Thimble ailsiiol angooshtdneh.

Thin (as paper), ehls ndzook ; (as a

stick), dojL bdreek,- (liquid),

&fjrakeek; (lean), j&^ lugher.

Though, ja.J\ igerclxeli.

Thought, JLs. fc7i/i<«£ ; ^j _^fcr.

Thoughtful, JZ'ku mutafeker.

Thoughtless, JW-î bikhidl.

Thousand, J^y*hezdr.

VOCABTJLABT.205

Thrash, t\, o^j J^s7iaZafe zadan.

Thread (end), Û-jj reesmarii (of

conversation), a^> rishteh.

Threat, o^ tahdeed.

Threaten, r., ^/ *.*' ta/uZeed

ka/rdan.

Three, *-» seh.

Threshold, *ils-»l dstdneh.

Throw, t\, ÎjJI dndakhtan.

Thrush, tfytoofea.

Thumb, ^jj>. v-i^l dngusht buzurk

oâi ehast.

Thunder, J*, ra'ttd.

Thus, &/* chome&n,} ^ff»ham-

chuneen.

Tickle, v., dab J1*-5 dughldk dddan

Tide (flood),J- mud; (ebb), j>

Throat, jJfgeloo.

Throne, is**? tuM&

Through,,-1^-

sotr-a-sar ; }1az j (to

pass), ^AJfguzasMan.

Throughout, >1 tt J^ «2avat <(*

dicker.

jazr.

Tidings, j-»khabar ; (glad), «•>

rav.zhdeh.

Tie, i'., cr-^ tustan.

Tier, &^ tabakeh.

206 VOCABULARY.

Tiger, j*>babr.

Tight, eb3 tang.

Tile, JUj^, sufal.

Till, Is ta; 4^.1 £dfce7i.

Timber, i->j*choob.

Time, o$j uafci.

Timid, Ly iarsan.

Tin, ^jJo.halabi.

sookhteh.

Tissue, <~i^>j)

zarbaf.

Tithe, el* a dali yek.

Title, t-Ji lakab.

Tobacco, ^yJjS tutun; (for narghi

or ghalidn), jS\$ tunbaku.

Toe, b o-^ol angusht i pa.

Together, *»l> bahum.

Toil, J^?. jahd.

i£—5U ildmat.

Tinder, -uij-.

Tinsel, uy fooeh.

Tip, eli noofc.

Tipsy, o—* must.

Tiptoe, i?ij~> saripanjeh.

Tire, v., gsj'iz**. khasta kardan.

Token,

Told, s&gufieh.

Toll, ^bsl, rdhddree.

Tomb,^J fcafrr.

Tongs, ^-ilanbur.

Tongue, gly zeb<m.

VOCABULAET.2Vi

Tool, oMdiet.

Tooth, tfU-Jdenddn; (-ache), a,a

\^durdidenddn; (-pick), J^

kheldl.

Top,^~ sar; VU bald.

Topsy-turvy, ^3 &»hurj ° WU7>

Torch, Ja^- musha'al.

Torment, «* ^U *U»W& dddan.

head or tails), ^/^V)^ s?ieer

vakhut Idzi kardan.

Total, J^£»» jam'-i-kul.

Touch, «., o^J tS~i dust zadan *

Tour, J,*/gardesh ; tjy doreh.

Tow (drag), 0., ^fccw7iefidan.

Towards, »jj roo-be.

Towel, Ay holeh.

Tower, -j> b&rj-

Torrent, Js- sayl.

ortoise, s^i <^- sang-pusMje 5)

o^j lak-pusht.

Torture, ^^ shekenjeh.

Toss, v., ^^andakhtan; (totoss

Town,>i. shahr.

Townsman, ^ shehri ; (fellow-

townsman), ysj* fhum shahri.

Toy, tgfabdzeecheh.

Trace, o«^ ilamat.

208 VOCABULART.

Trade, o,lsi tejdrat ; M~> _j aU dad, usitad.

Trader,^l? tajer.

Traitor, ^.U. khdyen.

Trample, v., C) i/'J^^ pamal hardan.

Tranquil, s.s^-1 dsoodeh; j»lj

ardm.

Transact, U., ^b^ pcrddkhtan.

Transfer, v., o-s^JS nukl kardan.

deem vaId kheer

kardan;o*f\J-*l3 Pu vapeesh kardan.

Trap, As tileh.

Trappings, j]^ yerdk.

Travel, i\, j^jj^ safar raftan.

Traveller, ^sL-« musafrr.

Tray, ,J~» seenee ; <**«* mujma'

Tread, D., #*} U p« zadan.

Translate, v., $sf ***J tarjumeh

hardan.

Transplant, v.,

oi^

9 W* 3& be ?'*

Teardan.

Transport, v., c^J** haml kardan.

Transpose, v., &*f_j&k j {*<&>tafo

Treason, oJ^i- khidnat.

Treasure, Sganj.

Treasurer, jUjjUa.khezunehddr.

Treasury, ti\j&.khezdneh.

Treaty, a-U J^c 'ahd ndmeh ; (

vention), .ita^ kerdr dad.

VOCABULAET. 209

Treble, JjU«a-> seh mukabil.

Tree, o*,^ darakht.

Trellis, s*J>nurdeh.

Tremble, o^-j)laTzeedan.

Trench, JJ^. khunduk.

Trial,

^W^imtihdn ; ytjUj) azmd-

yesh.

Triangle, aIjS^j-seh goosheh.

ik^>

Trifle,s.,

Jj*. juz'ee.

Trifle, v., ^pTg^ harzeh guftan.

Trim, »ja^==»b pdkeezeh.

Trip, v., ^-ij Jj topuk zadan; ^ j~

^j sar i sum raftan.

Tripod,ajUa-j

sehpdyeh.

Triumpb, ^fat'h; (triumphal arch)

OpoJ jlL tdk-i-nosrat.

Tribe, tdyefeh.

Tribulation, ,lj1azdr.

Tribunal, a*£=* mahkemeh.

Tribute, p\> baj.

Trick, aLa. heeleh ; i^Z,sheeveh ; (to

play a trick), ,jOj ty-A>sheeveh zadan.

Troop, sjjfgerooh; ^cl^. jemd' at.

Troops,J^ leshker.

Trot, s., 4+jj> yoortmeh.

Trot, v., ^j <u-y_ yoortmeh raftan.

Trouble, s., o-»*j zahmat.

210 VOCABULARY.

Trouble, v., &&\a

o-*-*j zahmatdddan.

Trousers, j\^2>shalwdr.

Trowel, aJL mdleh.

Truce, cV muhlet.

True, \z*Jj

rast.

Truly, SfljaJl^ filhakeekat ; \z&t&*

liakeekatan.

Trunk a &3 tanah ;

Tube, iljl

looleh.

Tuck, v., &&f&ai clieen kardan

Tuft, ax> buteh.

Tulip, aJV Z«te7i,.

Tumble, v., ^ksl uftddan.

Tumult, 4*l£ui hengdmeh.

Tune, eUftl dhang.

Turban, <ul»c emdmeh.

Turbid, ±^>\^gilalood.



(of tree), (bos),

^Jj- yakhddn.

Trust, s., ^laxcl itikad.

Trust, v., c^ib jlwl itikdd ddshtan.

Truth, (JJ-o sidle,

Try, v., *f~ \£*\ imtihdn kardan.

Turf, cr*».chaman.

Turk, (^L^ Osmdni.

Turn, v., ^Juil-sy gerddneedan.

Turnip, **1^ sliulghum.

Turpentine,ja- _/»_>?• johar sek

VOCABULARY.ZIL

dodafa'eh.

Turquoise, *)3j# firoozeh.

Turtle-dove,^ kumri.

Tweezers, J&+ munkash.

Twice, jVjjidoMr; **i*j*

Twin,JSj.5

doghuli.

Twine,~s.,^

Mtmeh.

Twine, ,;., d*/ u^ P™chesh kar'

dan.

«., o^ pe«cfcflfida»; ^

U.

zishtee.Ugliness, j^>j

Ugly, o^j a*«W«

Ulcer, f-jzakhm.

Ultimate,^ dkher.

Umbrella,^ chatr.

Umpire, cJl> salts.

Unanimous, Jfc* mutafik.

Unawares, Uic ghijlatan.

ndsMyiiteH.

Twist,

. j^s4 b«7iuw peecheedan.

Tyrant,

^vaUm.

Tyranny,-& zuliw.

Unbecoming, «~i^

Unbounded,J^ be«fcu<l; oiW

bee nehdyat.

Uncertain, fJJ«.U iwma'aloom.

214 VOCABULARY.

Unimportant, c5U» ^ hee itilu.

Uninformed,^ <j, bee khabar.

Unintelligent, Jac y bee tiki.

Unintelligible, .j#u j± gheir-i-maf-

Jioom.

Unintentional, 1^~> sahvan.

Uninterested, j>/- <_j bee gharaz.

J <&*bedoonininvited, «J.

Unjust, jp-k ndhak.

Unjustifiable,L-o beepd.

Unkind, o^* tj bee mohubut.

Unlawful, sji>^J ^. kheldji sh

Unlike, J»l_j-^ nd movdfik.

Unlimited, J^ ^ bee hud.Unloose, v., ^Js\> baz karden.

Unmanagable, J^> sarkash.

\i nd marddne

va'adeh.

Union, «>U1 itilidd.

United,J^»

mutahid.Unity, L^=*J^i yekdnegee.

Universal, ^y** emoomee.

Universe, y\&.jehdn; ^jJfgeetee.

Unmanly, ii\*j»Hi

Unmarried, z>js* majurrud.

Unmeaning,(

J3u <ji

bee ma'ane

Unmerciful, **, ^jbee rah'm.

Unnamed, sj^o'o _^j _»,l ^ b

o rasm nandmideh.

VOCABULARY. 21

Unnatural,(

j^> j^- gheir

i tabee-i.

Unnecessary, *p U ndlazeem.

Unneighbourly, ^j*** <-*^ Tcheldf

hamjavaree.

Unobstructed, *JL% beta mane*.

Unoffending, ~U haleem.

Unowned, c-o-U ^ bee sahib.

Unperceived, *J-U o«Ju multqfat

ne shudeh.

Unprincipled,

oi^^j

bee hakeekat

Unprofitable, «JoU ^ bee fdyedeh.

Unpropitious, ^^ nahss.

Unprotected, ^^ bee Kami.

Unproved, oj^^-c gheir-i-sabit.

Unquestionable, ^J,^^L> bela-hurf

dLi.}lj bela-shuk.

Unreasonable, *-?j-o j-*-* gheir-

movajeh.

Unpleasant (personage), JJ o^^»

goosht tulkh.

Unpolite, v-jI ^ free adab.

Unprejudiced, <-i>J* ^jbee taraf.

Unpretending, U>Xi ^ bee takleef.

Unreceived, sjJLi J^J kabool

shudeh.

Unresisted. See Unobstructed.

Unrestrained, \uA\ jlU. mutlak

enun.

216 TOCABULAET.

Unrevenged, jJJ^j^ ki taldfi ne

shudeh.

Unrighteous, ^.J^ beedeen.

Unripe, »Ju-y ne-reseedeh.

Unsafe, ^1 li nd dmn.

Unsatisfactory, s^u> j-p gheir i

matboo\

Unseasonable, *3y> ^ bee mo'ke'.

Unskilled, a^- ^jbee serishteh.

Unsteady, xlc, ra'asheh.

Unsubdued, j£~* j-** gheir i

sakhar.

Unsuccessful,^?^U^c gheir i moas

Unsuitable, .u-^li U nd shayeste

Unsupported, Uj>

bee pd ; <sL^

bee komek.

Untasted, sJ^-i^.b nd chesheedeh

Unthinking,JJ^ bee fikr ; JLsj?



Unsound, j^\ ^jbee itibdr.

Unsociable, ^*^=J.i ^jbee dilgarmee.

Unspeakable, {J^=*> nugufbanee.

Unspecified, . . j—» j-^ ghair-i-

mo'ayen.

khidl.

Untie, v., o^j^- baz kardan.

Until, b' td.

Untimely, uw»j*j bee vakt.

Untouched, isj o— .i dust ne za

VOCABULARY. 21

Untrained, -iw ^ bee ta'aleem.

Untried, 5«xl> ^ja tajrubeh ne shu-

deh.

Untrue, ja.13 nd hale.

Unusual, »J^l£ t-J^U. kheld.fi kd'adeh.

Unwashed, ax~«£> U nd shusteh.

Unwilling, ^\jU nd rdzi.

Unwise, ^b U ii« daw.

Upright, e~- j rust.

Uproar, Jls j J-5 fceeZ o HL

Upside-down,j>.j\j~>sar a zeer.

Urge, v., z>fj\j*\isrdr kardan.

Urgent, jji^izaroor.

Usage, sJfiU' kd'adeh.

Use, JUa^-1 isWrnal.

Used, J »»-•»« musta'mil.

Unworthy, Jsr**-*U na mustahak.

Upbraid, v., *f J^j j- sar zanesh

kardan.

Uphold, v., i>\inz+>.yotu'kveeatdadan.

Upon,^ bar ;VU bald.

Useful, >M- mufeed.

Useless, »J^'i ^ bee fayedeh.

Usual, J_y»«- ma'amool.

Usury, \>jriba.

Utensil, <-Jj& zarf; oVI dldt.

218 VOCABULABY.

Utility,sJok

fdyedeh.Utterly, LW tamdman.

V.

Vacancy, ojk. Ichilvat.

Vacant, ^U. khdli.

Vagabond, (jitjl obdsh.

Vague, ..&- rnobhim.

Vain (in), u~-^ •ij*khud parast.

Valley, »;»> derreh.

Valuable, o^i kaimati.

Value (put price on), ^., c,j/

ka'imat Jcardan.

Vanguard, ^-i. ui~-£ peesh khaym

Vanish, v., ^J^> Aya* rnafkood s

dan.

Vanquish, v., ^J'^ fat'h Tcard

£&]& c^—^3. shekest dddan.

Vainly, sJoU ^ betafdyedeh; »Ji'«s^bee fdyedeh.

Valet, i^y* (_£ / ferrash i khelvat.

Valiant, sis1 slmjd'.

Valid, ^s->saheehh.

Variable, ^\j t-J^bi.1 ikhtildf-i-r

Variety, v., ys»ljjf

'

goonagoon.

Vault, jlk tdk.

Vaunt, v., gdji-iV laf zadan.

Veal, £\~t^yz~Z>^gooshl-i-gosale

VOCABULAET.21

Vegetable, ,jjf* subzee.

Veil, ^>3jrooband.

Vein, <3j rag.

Vellum, >» o-# poost-i-ahoo.

Velocity, ^J^ tundee ; ^>V sura'at.

Velvet, J-*i makhmal.Venerate, v., &ato p* muUirim

dashtan.

ihtirdm.

Venus, «y»jzuhreh.

Verbal, Jl>j zebawee.

Verbose,r^J> tool-i-keldm.

Verdigris, j&j zengfar.

Verification, j^ tahkeek.

Verily, s^^/*•'

hakeekat.

Verjuice, *,jfcv^ db % ghooreh.

Vermillion, ^J^ shunjurf.

Vernal, ^W behari.



Veneration, fSf*-\

Vengeance, J ^ telafi.

Venison,J& ci/ goosht-i-

shikar.

Venture, «., d^jW jessdratfear-

daw.

Venturous,j^~* jassoor.

Verse,^*i>shi'ir.

Very,j^~> bisyar.

Vessel, i*> zwrf; (ship), j^Skesht

Viands, el^y.khorak.

Vice, ^irsherdrat.

220 YOCABULAEY.

Vicegerent, {:J

^U.

jdnesheen.

Vicinity, ^t^J nazdeekee.

Victim, ^j>korban.

Victor, L_Jli ghdlib.

Victory, ^p faith.

Victuals, d\,y» khoorak.

View, v., ^Jo^ deedan; ^J*> nazar

kardan ; sfs& nigah kardan.

View, s.,j\oj nazar.

Village,»^ deh.

Villager, J>

]

*>* dehdtee.

Villain, jal^L*. haramzadeh.

Villainous, e)l^ ndpdk.

Vindicate, o^j^9 «^» hemdya

kardan.

Vindictive, ^^fkeenehv er .

Vine, ^» mo.

Vinegar, £j~> serkeh.

Vigilance, ^Li^j, hosTi/ydri.

Vigorous, ^5 kavee ; &+j}j zoor-

rnund.

Vile, ^4-J kabeeh.

Vilify, '., ^^S'j.lijobadndm kardan.

Violate, &*fj<^ tejavuz kardan

^^yoiiJ mtfes kardan.

Violence, ^ zoor.

Violet, iikj benefsheh.

Viper, ig^jca^L mar-i-ja'aferi.

VOCABULAKY. 22

Virgin, tjS»\ibakereh.

Virtually, UgJ*. hakeekatan.

Virtue, y* honur.

Virtuous, jj^/a honurmund.

Virulence, <^«^> shiddut.

Virulent, cjj^>Ij bashiddut.

Vision, Jajnuzur.

Visit, s.,ols^L muldkat ; *>_z

deedan ; ^>j\jzidrat.

Vocabulary, o* loghat.

Vogue, -Ajj ravdj ; (in), v^ bab.

Voice, 1j-> sedd ; jljl dwdz.

Void, adj., ^JU.khdli.

Void, v., ^^T JIjU o«£^ Jcardan.

Volcano, a lii (jtj'l »jS kooh i dte

feshdn.

Volley,isUi sheleek.



Visit, v., ^j^» cjIs^L* mulakdt

kardan.

Vitriol, J\j zdj.

Vivacious, yJ>J> firz.

Vizier, j>.)^vazeer.

Volume, ^xla. jild.

Voluntary, jy? tji*klxud bekhud.

Volunteer, aJL j ^ do talabeh.

Vomit, v., &*/&> ,_/ bay kardan

uj^T'jKas-.l istifrdgh kardan.

222 VOCABULARY.

Vouch, v., gjdlj o^l^-i. shehddatdadan.

Vow, s., jjj nuzr.

Vow, v., ^sjfjSj nuzr kardan.

Voyage, ^-i safar ; lSjIj^bdzdri.

Vulgar, J.jt JU m«Z i awdm.

Vulture, jî-*^ Idshkhur.

W.

Wafer, t^~»i l*^ surchusp kha-

Waggish, ±yU shookh.

Waggon, J^\i barkash.

Waist, jSkam&r.

Wait, v., î>fj~o subr kardan.

Wake, v., &*j\j~> beedar shudan

Walk,v.,

^j»Ûj

piddehraftan.

Walkingstick o-»^ y^ clwob

dust; L»t 'asd.

Wall, j\y_sdeevdr.



meeri.

Wag, ~y^ shookh.

Wager, jj^gero.

Wages, t—^-\_y° movdjib.

Wail, v., ^.^Tallindleh kardan.

Wallflower, y t-~i shub-boo.

Walnut, j^girdao.

Wander, r., oi/^ ^^j 9̂ 9^rd

kardan.

Want, v., ^^-^j* khdstan.



224 YOCABTJLAEY.

c_>1 u»*..% cheshmeh-i-db ;

(closet),

JL. mdbdl ; u->1 jU-T kenar-i-ab ;

(watering pot), (_pb u*l a& pas7i ;

(barley), j-^ »U md-i-shaeer ;

(to pour out), ^^ k_>1 ftb reekh-

tan; (cresses), ^l»_j»5)U boldhooty ;

(carrier),Lfl— sakka ; (melon),

joljjt^fchindooaneh.

Wave, --^o mdj.

Weapon, o^l «Z«t.

Wear, «., ^J*^ poosheedan.

Wear out, v., ^^T *£ kuhneh Ca

dan.

Weariness, (J£L~» khastagee; ^fi^

mandegee.

Weary, ax—*, khasta.

Weasel, *,^-U mdsooreh.

Weather, 1_>*hawa.



Wax, ^ moom.

Way, »];raTi.

Weak, j»jJ kam zoor ; oy ^

hoovat ;^J>t«* zdeef.

Wealth, cJj.j dowlat.

bee

Weave, v., ja\> bdftan.

Web,jy toor.

Wedge, tjfgo-eh ; 156 gdveh.

Weed, ijj*v-ilt 'alaf harzeh.

Week, km, hafteh.

VOCABULABY. 22.

Weep, v., >f*fgaryeh kardan.

Weigh, v., s^kasheedan ; &*/oJ3

vuzn kardan ; ±f oV kapdn

kardan.

Weight, )3 vuzn.

Welcome (you are), inter., ^.x>\ ,»khosh amddeed.

Welfare, yj**-^.behboodee.

Well (cistern), s.,»U- chdh.

Well-natured, ,3'* u->*fclW«A khulk

Well-wisher, *lj»j^« khayr khdh.

West, M/«* mughreb.

Wet, adj.,j> tur.

Wet, v., o^jO *wr kardan.

What, **. c/ie7i.

Whatever, **/»harcheh.

Wheat, (.xT'^aiidooHi.

Wheel, £/*churkh.

Well (in health), adj., J>y» khosh ;

(_j>3>-

khoob.

Well, adv., ,jij&fcTiosfc ;

eti neefc.

Well-bred, vrf* najeeb.

Well done ^./l dfareen.

When, J'kay.

Whence, V ;1az fctt/fl.

Whenever, *3^»«y» ha/r vukt i keh.

Where, \*fkuja ; f koo.

Whereas, gj$ choon.

Q

226 VOCABULARY.

Wherefore, I J^3 lehazd ; &$=* a \ jl dz

dnjahat.

Wherever, U? >» hur Tcujd ;t& U.

y*

7utr jd-i-keh.

Whet, v., *Jsi teez kardan.

Whether, \A dyd.

Whetstone, uL sU- sang i sab.

Whey (curds, &c), cj^ ±>\ db-oo-

doogh.- *\ST kuddm ;

Whirlwind, jW^I loolehbdd.

Whisper, s., l^si nujvd.

Whisper, v., cpS^ J^^$ too goo

guftan.

Whistle, s., o_j-»soot.

Whistle, v., ^.sj ojw soot zadan.

White, »Mw safeed.

White ant, <ul^* mooryaneh.

White-lead, *te <^\jJu, sefeedab-

kal'e.

Which, (that which),

as: dncheh ; aSol a?i keh.

Whichever, -1 j5^.» hur kudam.

Whine, v., ^jJU naleedan.

Whirlpool, i->^f girddb.

Whiteness, ^jJJ>~t safeedee.

Whither, \J kujd.

Who, £kee.

Whole, -Uj tamdm; \-~s- ^ bee 'ay

VOCABTJLAET. 22

Wholesome^L sazegdr ; ^\jndfe'.

Wholly, UUj tamdmdn.

Whom, \j^keerd; (to),a£ bekee.

Whosoever, S'jt liar Jceh.

Why, 1^ chird ;a* ^ berai die ;

i*. l#£ bejaheti die.

Wick, J~9 fateel.

Wicked, Jo bad ; jj/.sheroor.

Wickedness, ojl/i sherdrat.

Wife, c) zun ; *+j) zdjeh.

Wild, J^-s vafishee.

Wile, dLa. heeleli.

Wilful, l5^^- Tchudra'ee.

Will, s., •> ,« murdd; (testament)

xe\> ^~<>) vaseeat ndmeh.

Will, v., er-'^ khastan.

Willing, ^\j razee ; (volens nolens)



Wicker, o^-» sabat.

Wide, u^'areez ;

Wjpahnd.

Widen, r., :>fj».f-'areez hardan.

Widow, s_)jobeeveh.

Width, J\iy pahnaee; J>j- arz.

sly: s)y£bekhdh nekhah;(God will

ing),Jjk

1

^. 1J* khodd bekhdhad

dill *l£3l insJia' allah.

Willingness, ooU, rezayat.

Willow, Ju-> beed.

228 VOCABTTLAEY.

Win, v., ±j>burdan.

Wind, s.,Û bad.

Wind, v., oJî peecheedan ; (a

watch), ^6jTkook kardan.

Windfall, ^b Ijo. khodd dad.

Window, gjM panjareh.

Wine, tjl/j sherdb.

Wing, Jl> bdl; -U* jenahh.

Wink, v., tj **j> jâ.cheshm bar

hum

Wisdom,^ytJ. s/ie'oor; jKcafcZ; u&l

ddnesh.

Wise, J?W Tcdbil ; jy& l> b# s/ie'oor

jo*£J|.j daneshmund ; Jac t_-*

Wisely, aj^jU 'dkelaneh.

Wish, s., (jtiklî.Tchahesh.

Wish, v., Juwkjî. Ichdheshmund.

Wit,£J-

shookh.

With, l» &a.

zadan; (wink at, connive),

^ju-ijj *£» cheshm poosheedan ;

$J~ ^j>\+s\ ighmaz Icardan.

Winter, ^Is—j zemestdn.

Wire, *~- seem.

Withdraw, «., ^^T jl?&#z giriftan

(retire), C^~^J »_-Sc'afca& neshesta

Wither, v., ^J^ s^ )> pezh murde

shudan ; ^J^ii. khiishkeedcm.

VOCABULARY.229

Within, j* dur;j£>\ andur.

Without, ^ bee; (outside), ^.

beyroon.

Withstand, v., *fJ^*^~>\ istddegee

Icardan.

Witness, J^^> shdhed.

Wolf, tifgurg.

Woman, OJ zun.

Wonder, s., u^ 'ajab.

Woollen, iJ~-i pushmee.

Word, aJT kilemeh; U lufz ; (by

word), <**£ ^kilemeh be kilemeh;

(of God), d\ ^kildm ullah; (to

keep one's) ^sib «K> Jy fcol negdh

ddshtan.

Wovk,jVkdr.

Work, «., sfJ(kdrkardan.

Workman, A*e amaleh ;&a fa-'aleh.

Wonder, v., s-^ ta'ajubIcardan.

Wood, mj* choob; (firewood), ,»>»

heezoom; a*«* heemeh ; (forest),

J3ca. jungul.

Wool, fî 'puslim.

World, ejWMî ^ dUm; ^dunya.

Worldly, ^jj* dunyavee.

Worm, (.jTkirm.

Wormwood, a*i~i\ afsantine.

230 VOCABULARY.

Worn, u-?^ malbooss ; *<x-£>ji poo-

sheedeh ; (worn out), J** -* mus-

ta'mil ;LliLiI iskat.

Worship, s., o^l-^ ebadet ; \J^~>y

perestesh.

Worship, v., &<*~~>jj peresteedan.

Worshipper (of fire), c=~^ ySJ'1 ates/i

~y,L_)parast; (of the sun),

a/iab parast.

Worth, cx-5 Icaymat; Ji^l arzesh.

Wound, s., j^jzakhm.

Wound, v., ^^T *ij zakhm kardan.

Wrap, v., ^J^ peecheedan.

Wrapper, asU) lefafeh ;-*=*? bukcheh.

Wrath, t-j—ac ghuzab.

Wreath, s^». chunbareh.

Wrestle, v., ^r\-J^kushti kardan.

Wretch, ^-C- mws&een.

Wring, v., ^îil dfshurdan.

Wrinkle, (^ cheen.

Worthless, o-j j)ust ; oo-S ^ 6ee

kaymat ; j»j» ^-? free khud.

Worthy, jljlj-sezavar ; JjV Zayifc ;

js:u~* mustahak.

Wrist, ^omuch.

Write, v., &&y nevishtan; *fj

cri-i,b markoom ddshtan ; j-ij-

0&$ tah/re&r kardan.

VOCABTJLAEY.231

Writing, ^y nevishteh; f,

ruk-

kum, ; jtj*tahreer.

Wrong, s.,-& zulm ; ^ nahakk.

Wrong, v. *f',JJ*zulm kardan.

Wrongfully, j»^i nahakk.

Wrought,<u»l-> sakhteh.

Y.

Yard, s,3 zw'e.

Year (by year), JI-? J^~» sal be sal.

Yellow, s>yzurd.

Yes, ^ beZZi ; ^? beZZift ; gj|l«r»-

Yesterday, jjji*dierooz.

Yet, Cl am-ma; jQ laykin.

Yoke (for oxen), o«* 3110fc*.

Yolk (ofan egg), **,j

zurdeh.

You, U-ii shumd.

Young, tflja. iavort.



Yawn, s., ^W- khamyazeh.

Yawn, t'., c)aair*jW khamyazeh

kesheedan.

Year, JU s«Z.

Yearly,ajUL. salyaneh.

Youth, J\j» javuni.

Z.

Zeal, c^i ghayrat;

Zealous, oj-fclj baghayrat.

232 YOCABIILAET.

naseem.Zephyr, *~~i

Zest, *j*muzzeh.

Zigzag, J*3 ^peeclx valchem.

Zinc, —jj roohh.

Zodiac, -y? s3j\j* doazdeh burj.

Zone, sj>\i dayereh.



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