fire amicus brief in oyama v university of hawaii

8/13/2019 FIRE amicus brief in Oyama v University of Hawaii

1/28

!"# %&'%()*+

,- ./0 1-2.03 4.5.06 7"89. ": ;. 7"89. :"9 ./0 N26.92>. ": J5O522

!"# %P%*'>D'QQ%&R'JS'T?U

H/0 J"-"95V=0 J0=0- S2==M"9L W83X0

TG,FI BI HJF IB1!N;H,B! IBG ,!N,E,N1;A G,SJH4 ,!

FN17;H,B! ;!N HJF 4H1NF!H YGF44 A;K 7F!HFG ;4+2343

4563+7,! 41YYBGH BI YA;,!H,II4';YYFAA;!H4

S90X A8@25-"::

I"8-35.2"- :"9 ,-32D2385=

G2X/.6 2- F38>5.2"-

(Q% K5=-8. 4.900.L 482.0 )%Q

Y/2=530==5#038
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


2/28

!"#$ &'() *+,-#.,"!$ ,/0/$1$2/

+8&9:1 9:;&%-! ./0 I"8-35.2"- :"9 ,-32D2385= G2X/.6 2- F38>5.2"-L 26

5- ,G4 )Q%[>\[&\ -"-06 2- Y/2=530=\[&\

-"-06 2- ;9=2-X."-L E29X2-25# H/0 70-.09 3"06 -". 26680

6.">@ 5-3 26 -02./09 "O-03 V^ -"9 26 ./0 "O-09 ": 5-^ "./09 >"9


3/28

/03#$ .4 -.2/$2/,

5678

G1AF *(#% N,47AB41GF 4H;HF?F!H ################################################# 2H;TAF BI 7B!HF!H4 ############################################################################ 22H;TAF BI ;1HJBG,H,F4 ##################################################################### 222,!HFGF4H BI+2343 4563+7############################################################### %41??;GC BI ;GS1?F!H #################################################################### *

;GS1?F!H ############################################################################################### +,# 1-2D0962.^ N26M2665=6 ": 4.830-.6 T5603 "- H/029 _E20O6`

T02-X _B8. ": ;=2X-M0-.` K2./ S"D09-M0-. B9./"3"a^

K"8=3 ;8./"92b0 48. 7"89.c6 G5.2"-5=0 ,6 !". !0>06659^ ."

48"-6.2.8.2"-5= E20O


4/28

/03#$ .4 0"/9.!+/+$,

5678:;?;8;A265 I5=@0-V09XL#;?)-11?;Z1 6-):1%$ (? 6-9?88-'0 4;-%(&?'&1(

@(:0-'(1 /;%>1 4?8,$%&'(! 3'B-1(&K%(&?'L ;YL W5-# &QL *QQ&L

%B%&$%L$- %(/.."Mf-0O6f352=^f&Qf


7/28

+2/$!$,/ .4!"#$# $&'#!()

H/0 I"8-35.2"- :"9 ,-32D2385= G2X/.6 2- F38>5.2"-L ,-># [_I,GF`\L 26

5 -"-'2D2= =2V09.206 "9X5-2b5.2"-

3032>5.03 ." "-6.2.8'

.2"-5= =2V09.206 "- V0/5=: ": ./"865-36 ": 6.830-.6 5-3 :5>8=.^ O/" 590

>/5==0-X03 V^ ./"60 O2==2-X ." 30-^ :8-35M0-.5= 92X/.6 5-3 =2V09.206

O2./2- 2-6.2.8.2"-6 ": /2X/09 038>5.2"-# ,- ./0 2-.0906. ":


8/28

70-.09 90X8=59=^ 53D">5.06 "- V0/5=: ": 6.830-.6 2- >"89. 56 %8&9:1 9:*

;&%- V^ "


9/28

M26>"-38>. "9 326>92M2-5.2"-# C0. /0 O56 326M26603 :9"M 5 8-2'

D0962.^ 262"- 26 5::29M03L 8-2D0962.206 O2== V0 62M2=59'

=^ 0M/

V9"5309# ;:.09 5==L ./0 95.2"-5=0 V0="O 26 -". =2M2.03 ."L :"9 2-6.5->0L

6/ ./5. 26 _6" 60D090L .2"-5V=0 l/59566M0-.c`* [_/59566M0-.` V02-X 5

>"MM"- .06. 2- 90>0-. >5M"306\# G5./09L 56 ./26 >560

6/"O6L ./0 95.2"-5=0 >"8=3 0562=^ 5


10/28

326>8662"- ": >"-.06.03 8=.^L "9 0-62-X V"3206 >"-623'

09 8-682.5V=0#

H/26 O"8=3 V0 ./0 D09^ 6"9. ": D20OD ,S88TK -GJ8;

Y9":066"96 5-3 53M2-26.95."96 ":.0- ./2-@ =066 ": 6.830-.6 V0>5860 ":

./0 6.830-.6c 6/# H/0^ M5^ ./2-@ ./5. 5 6.830-. O/" 0a09'

.52- D20O6 O2== V0 5 V53 :2. :"9 5 . 90=5.03 ." ./"60 D20O6#

+


11/28

A5O 25=26. 6.830-. O/"

./2-@6 ./5. _5== 5=

6^6.0M 26 :8-35M0-.5==^ >"998"-30M-6 ./0 53D09'

65925= 6^6.0ML 5-3 ./2-@6 ./5. 5== >2.2b0-6n2->=832-X =5O^096nM86.

609D0 ./0 >"MM"- X""3 95./09 ./5- ./029 >=20-.6L&O"8=3 V0 5 V53 =5O'

^09 5-3 M2X/. 0D0-.85==^ D2"=5.0 ./0 0./2>5= "V=2X5.2"-6 2M1 4?8,$%&'(! 3'B-1(&K%(&?'L ;YL W5-# &QL *QQ&L %B%&$%L$- %(

/.."Mf-0O6f352=^f&QfG-;1 %1 T))&9-;1 ?) (A- 4?:;(L +* E5-3# A#

G0D# &ZL dR'ZQ [%ZdZ\ [59X82-X ./5. 5- 5.."9-0^c6 38.^ ": b05="86

53D">5>^ 6/"8=3 V0 68V"932-5.0 ." 5- 5.."9-0^c6 38.^ 56 5- "::2>09 ": ./0

>"89. 2- M"90 62.85.2"-6 ./5- ./0 ?"30= G8=06 90o8290\#

)


12/28

T0:"90 %ZR+L /"M"60a85=2.^ O56 600- V^ ./0 /25.92> 5= k83XM0-.L 5-3 M2X/. O0== >"8-60= 5-3 .905. 8992-X\ [-".2-X ./26 56 5- 0a5M262"- V0="O 26 5::29M03L 5== ./060 6.830-.6 >"8=3 V0 .09M2'

-5.03 :9"M ./029 5>530M2>


13/28

H/0 2-0D2.5V=0 >"-60o80->0 ": 68>/ 530M2> /"60- 5685= >"-D0965.2"-#

;:.09 5==L :5>8=.^ >"8=3 >"->=830 ./5. ./0 6.830-.6c D20O6 590 _"8. ":

5=2X-M0-.` O2./ "9./"3"a D20O6 90X593=066 ": O/090 ./0 6.830-.6c D20O6

O090 0a5'

30M2> 5-3 "8960 M"90 X0-095==^# "==0X0 >=5669""M O2./ 2.6 6899"8-32-X 0-D2'

9"-6 26 8=259=^ ./0 [email protected] ": 23056#`\ [2-.09-5= o8".5.2"- "M2.'

.03\# N26>20-. >560 =5O 6.92@2-X 3"O- >5M"306 /"=3 ./5. 68>/ 8-2D09'

62.^ 5>.2"-6 >5--". V0 >"-6.2.8.2"-5=# _B89 !5.2"- 26 300"MM2..03

R


14/28

." 65:0X85932-X 5>530M2> :9003"ML O/2>/ 26 ": .95-6>0-30-. D5=80 ." 5==

": 86 # # # # H/5. :9003"M 26 ./090:"90 5 625= >"->09- ": ./0 I296.

;M0-3M0-.L O/2>/ 3"06 -". ."=095.0 =5O6 ./5. >56. 5 "-6.2.8.2"-5=

>"-6.0==5.2"-L 2. 26 ./5. -" "::2>25=L /2X/ "9 5- 92V0 O/5.

6/5== V0 "9./"3"a 2- # # # M5..096 ": ".2-X 6.830-. 6/ V5603 "- ./0 D20O"306 ./5. 906.92>. 6.830-. 6/# ,- /%8L;?( B. 4-'(;%$ 2&9A. 5'&B.L

d


15/28

:"9 2-6.5->0L ./0 42a./ 729>82. /0=3 ./5. 5 8-2D0962.^c6 6/ >"30 ./5.

906.92>.03 O92..0- =2.095.890 "9 6="X5-6 ./5. _2-:09h903i -0X5.2D0 >"--"'

.5.2"-6 5V"8. # # # 2-32D2385=h6ci 95>25= "9 0./-2> 5::2=25.2"-` O56 8->"-6.2'

.8.2"-5= D20O5860 3269882. /0=3 ./5. 5 8-2D0962.^ >"8=3 -". >"-6.2.8'

.2"-5==^ 2M


16/28

%%()'((L %%R&L %%RR [F#N# K26# %ZZ%\g /?- B. 5'&B. ?) 2&9A.L R*% I#

485M"306 >"8=3 V0 90'

D2D03 M090=^ V^ V02-X 6=2X/.=^ 90O"9303 [:"9 2-6.5->0L "- ./0 ./0"9^ ./5.

5==0X03=^ V2X".03 "9 "./09O260 "::0-62D0 6/ 26 >"-.959^ ." / 56 5X0 ": >"-60-.

=5O6 5-3 3265V2=2.^ 038>5.2"- 92M2-5.2"- ./5. ./0 48"-30M-03# ;6 ./0 6/ >"30 >5606 6/"OL 0D0- O0=='2-.0-.2"-03 8-2'

D0962.^ 53M2-26.95."96 ":.0- :5>0 68V6.5-.25= 8=.^L "9 6.830-.6n." 906.92>. 6.8'

30-. 6/# H/0 30>262"- V0="O O"8=3 X2D0 53M2-26.95."96 5 9"53M5?8;U 5GN8= >G 16BJ6>8 5=GS8= ,>IJ8B>

-GBJIT>

1-2D0962.206L ": >"8960L M5^ 30M5-3 ./5. 5 6.830-.c6 9?'0:9( >"M/""= 98=06L 5-3 O2./ 5/ 6.830-.6 ./5. ./0 6.830-.6

M86. >"M0

h./029i O2==2-X-066 ." 53/090 ." 9056"-5V=0 >5M5= /5-X0 68>/ -"9M6 ./9"8X/ =5O:8=


18/28

82. W83X0 Y9^"9 -".03L _O0

/5D0 -0D09 98=03 ./5. 5 8-2D0962.^ >5- 326>92M2-5.0 5X52-6. 6.8'

30-. 6/ V5603 "- ./0 >"->09- ./5. ./0 6.830-. M2X/.L 2- 5 D5920.^ ":

"./09 >29>8M6.5->06L 0a. "->89'

92-X\# H/26 7"89. /56 =2@0O260 -0D09 8/ 6/ 906.92>.2"-6#

@-- %$1?5'&(-0 @(%(-1 B. 6?L-$L &dZ 1#4# *)dL *(('(d [%Z(R\ [>"->=832-X

./5. 0D0- >"->09-6 5V"8. 65V".5X0 2- ./0 30:0-60 2-386.9^ >5--". k86.2'

:^ V5992-X 0M5- 68>/ 906.92>.2"-6 V0 k86.2:203 "- ./0 ./0"9^ ./5. ./0 6>/""= 26

M090=^ 0a>=832-X 0-62-X V"5936 >5--". 0a>=830

5.2"- ": 566">25.2"- =832-X 5


19/28

; =2>0-62-X V"3^ M5^ -". _90>"MM0-3 30-25= ": 53M2662"- 6"=0=^ V0'

>5860 ": 5- 5.2"-5V=0L` V0>5860

_./0 I296. 5-3 I"89.00-./ ;M0-3M0-.6 V59 5 4.5.0 :9"M 5>.2-X 5X52-6.

5-^ "->89'

92-X 2- ./0 k83XM0-.\#

,-3003L 56 ./26 7"89. 90>0-.=^ /0=3L 0D0- _5 3">."9 O/" =^ 53D"'

>5.06 5 .905.M0-. ./5. ./0 M032>5= 06.5V=26/M0-. >"-623096 "8.6230 ./0

M52-6.905ML "9 0D0- 35-X09"86L 26 0-.2.=03 ." 9"V86. "-60-.L "9 :"9 0a/ D20O6 2- >"-D0965.2"-6 O2./

>"==05X806 "9


20/28

5=2X-M0-.` O2./ 5--". 0a'

>=830 6.830-.6 "- ./26 V5626L 02./09#

J%;0 B. #?$&(-L ((R I#&3 R*R [(./ 729# *Q%*\L "::096 5 /0=0 ": 5 6/"O2-X ./5. 68>/ 98=06

O090 D2"=5.03L ./0 8-2D0962.^ >"8=3 -". 0a"8-60=2-X 5 X5^ >=20-. [5 90o806. ./5.L 6/0 59X803L O56


21/28

62M.6L O/2>/ O2== 2-0D2.5V=^ V0 V5603 "- ./0 >"-.0-. ": 6.830-. 6/#

;-3 O/0- 5 8-2D0962.^ 26 2.60=: .9^2-X ." >905.0 6/ 862-X 6.830-. 2-'

8662"- V^ 538=. 6.830-.6 2- 5 >"==0X0 >=5669""M 6/"8=3 -".

%)


22/28

V0 906.92>.03#` /-O?A' B. F-8,$- 5'&B.L )&R I#&3 &Q%L &%) [&3 729#

*QQd\g 1-- %$1? /?- B. 5'&B. ?) 2&9A.L R*% I# 48.03 6.8'

30-. 6/ 2- >=5669""M 326>8662"-6L 2->=832-X 5 6.5.0M0-. V^ 5 6">25=

O"9@ 6.830-. _./5. /"M"60a85=2.^ O56 5 3260560 5-3 ./5. /0 2-.0-303

." 30D0="< 5 >"8-60=2-X 5.2"-L` TG%8%L

*Q%& KA %R(RR%QL 5. j%&L /5/""=#

,- ./26 906.L ./0 >/20: >5606 90=203 "- V^ ./0 326.92>. >"89.n

??0 @9A??$ /&1(;&9( B. C:A$8-&-;L +d+ 1#4# *(Q [%Zdd\L 5-3

D;?>' B. E&L &Qd I#&3 Z&Z [Z./ 729# *QQ*\n590 2-5/""= 6.830-. -0O65.06#

??0L +d+ 1#4# 5. *(&'(+# _hHi/0 6.5-3593 # # # :"9 30.09M2-2-X

%(


23/28

O/0- 5 6>/""= M5^ /""= M5^ 90:860 ." =0-3 2.6 -5M0

5-3 906"89>06 ." ./0 32660M2-5.2"- ": 6.830-. 0a"-:09 5 30'

X900 8=5669""M#

;=./"8X/ O0 /5D0 >"->=8303 ./5. ??0 5=="O6 5

8-2D0962.^ ." _=2M2. 2-'6>/""= 0a/""='6


24/28

42M2=59=^LD;?>' B. E&2-D"=D03 5 6.830-. :5>2-X >"-60o80->06 :"9 D2'

"=5.2-X ./0 06.5V=26/03 >"-D0-.2"-6 90=5.03 ." /"O 5 6.830-. "M. O56 ./0 @0^ 6.830-. 'L &Qd I#&3 5. Z+ H/26 "'62X-03 V^ 5 >"MM2..00 ": "->8992-X k83X0 "- ./0D;?>' 06659^ :"9 ./0

9068=.\ 98=03 5X52-6. ./0 6.830-. 6"=0=^ V0>5860 ./0 6.830-.c6 V0/5D2"9

2- >/5-X2-X ./0 ./0626 5:.09 2. /53 V00- 5"M"MM2..00 590 k"2-.'

=^ 906"-.0-. ": ./0 ./0626#` 30. 5.

Z)( [I09X86"-L W#L >"->8992-X 2- ./0 k83XM0-.\#

J090L B^5M5 O56 -". 326M26603 6"=0=^ V5603 "- ./0 ="O o85=2.^ "9

2-5"M.6 ./5. /53 ." V0 >"'62X-03

V^ "895X03 ." 0a/ 68>/ 0a


25/28

V95-. >=2M5.0 ": 5>530M2> :9003"M# @-- 'L =2@0 ??0L ./86 3"06 -". k86.2:^

./0 1-2D0962.^ ": J5O522c6 D20O530M2> 6.5-35936# H/"60 9056"-6 M2X/.

V0 D5=23g %8&9& 0a/ ./0 65M0 9068=. O2./ 906. ." B^5'

M5 90=^2-X 6"=0=^ "- ./"60 9056"-6L 2. >5--". 326M266 B^5M5 V5603 0D0-

2- .03 D20O6#

; X"D09-M0-. 5>."9 ./5. 90=203 2- "-6.2.8.2"-5= X9"8-36# 2(.

."9c` 2- 5- 53'

D0960 X"D09-M0-. 30>262"-L 5 >"89. 6/"8=3 _30.09M2-0 O/0./09 ./0 hX"D'

09-M0-. /56i 6/"O- V^ 5 0 ./5. 2. O"8=3

%Z


26/28

/5D0 905>/03 ./0 65M0 30>262"- # # # 0D0- 2- ./0 5V60->0 ": ./0 .#` 30. 5. *dR [:"".-".0 "M2..03\# H/26 7"89. 6/"8=3 ./090:"90 90'

M5-3 ./0 >560 6" ./0 326.92>. >"89. >5- 5"-623092-X /26 >"-6.2.8.2"-'

5==^ 5.2"- 5-3

4.830-. Y9066 A5O 70-.09

*Q


27/28

-$!/+4+-0/$ .4 -.15#+02-$

%# H/26 V920: >"M5.2"- 5-3

4.830-. Y9066 A5O 70-.09

N0># ZL *Q%&

*%
https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_70ee0000c9cb6https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_70ee0000c9cb6https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_ffd700004ba25https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_488b0000d05e2https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_488b0000d05e2https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_1496000051ed7https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_1496000051ed7https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_488b0000d05e2https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_488b0000d05e2https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_ffd700004ba25https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_70ee0000c9cb6https://a.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000599&cite=USFRAPR32&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=%28sc.DocLink%29%23co_pp_70ee0000c9cb6


28/28

-$!/+4+-0/$ .4 ,$!M+-$

, /090V^ >09.2:^ ./5. , 0=0>.9"-2>5==^ :2=03 ./0 :"90X"2-X ;82. V^ 862-X ./0 55.2"- 5-3

4.830-. Y9066 A5O 70-.09

N0># ZL *Q%&

fire amicus brief in oyama v university of hawaii

Documents