fire%retardant+treated+wood:+ the+basics+ · commonquestionsaboutiireretardantwood 51*...

Fire%Retardant+Treated+Wood:+The+Basics+

Western'Wood'Preservers'Ins-tute'

'

Presented'by'Butch'Bernhardt,'WWPI'Program'and'Communica-on'Manager'

Disclaimer:'This'presenta-on'was'developed'by'a'third'party'and'is'not'funded'by'WoodWorks'or'the'SoDwood'Lumber'Board.'

“The'Wood'Products'Council”'is'a'Registered'Provider'with'The'American'Ins-tute'of'Architects'Con-nuing'Educa-on'Systems'(AIA/CES),'Provider'#G516.'

'

!Credit(s)'earned'on'comple-on'of'this'course'will'be'reported'to'AIA'CES'for'AIA'members.'Cer-ficates'of'Comple-on'for'both'AIA'members'and'nonUAIA'members'are'available'upon'request.'''

This'course'is'registered'with'AIA'CES'for'con-nuing'professional'educa-on.'As'such,'it'does'not'include'content'that'may'be'deemed'or'construed'to'be'an'approval'or'endorsement'by'the'AIA'of'any'material'of'construc-on'or'any'method'or'manner'of'handling,'using,'distribu-ng,'or'dealing'in'any'material'or'product.'

_________________________________

Ques-ons'related'to'specific'materials,'methods,'and'services'will'be'addressed'at'the'conclusion'of'this'presenta-on.''

'

Copyright*This%presentation%is%protected%

by%US%and%International%Copyright%laws.%%Reproduction,%distribution,%display%and%use%of%the%presentation%without%

written%permission%from%WWPI%is%prohibited.%

%

©%Western%Wood%Preservers%Institute%2014%

%Western*Wood*Preservers*Institute*********www.wwpinstitute.org***********360969399958*

Course*Description*

For%some%applications%—%such%as%exterior%walls%in%Type%III%Construction%—%building%codes%allow%the%use%of%wood%providing%it%is%IireJretardantJtreated%(FRT).%This%presentation%offers%an%overview%of%FRT%wood%in%the%United%States,%including%speciIic%references%under%the%International%Building%Code,%available%products%and%examples%of%typical%use.%%This%session%will%explore%how%treatments%are%impregnated%into%the%wood,%how%the%preservatives%offer%Iire%protection%and%the%testing%required%to%conIirm%IireJretardant%capabilities.%Topics%will%also%include%understanding%the%labels%on%FRT%wood%products%for%interior%and%exterior%uses,%and%occupant%safety.%

4*

Learning*Objectives*

•  Discover%how%IireJretardantJtreated%(FRT)%wood%products%are%produced%and%tested,%and%how%they%provide%Iire%protection.%

•  Discuss%how%to%identify%and%specify%FRT%wood%products%

•  Consider%appropriate%interior%and%exterior%applications%of%FRT%wood.%

•  Learn%where%FRT%wood%is%required%under%the%International%Building%Code.%

5*

Western*Wood*Preservers*Institute*

•  Represents%preservative%treated%wood%producers,%chemical%manufacturers%and%others%serving%the%industry%throughout%western%North%America%

•  Mission%Increase%awareness%of%the%proper%use%of%treated%wood%products%by%providing%information%to:%

•  Homeowners%•  Builders%•  Architects,%SpeciIiers%

•  Bldg.%Material%Dealers%•  Code%OfIicials%•  Ports%and%Marinas%

6*

History*of**Fire*

Retardants*

Protecting*against*Iire*

•  Ancient%civilizations%•  Romans%o  Protect%siege%towers%from%Iire%

•  Greeks%o  Alum%to%protect%structures%

8*


•  Modern%times%•  Joseph%Louis%GayJLussac,%1820%•  Use%of%ammonium%phosphates%and%borax%

•  New%York%•  Building%codes,%1902%•  World’s%Fair,%1939%

9*


•  US%Navy%•  Controlling%Iires%on%ships%

•  Blimp%hangers%•  15%constructed%

•  Length:%1,072%ft.%•  Covering%over%7%acres%

•  FireJretardant%treated%Douglas%Fir%timbers%

•  Still%in%service%in%Tillamook,%Ore.%and%Tustin,%Calif.%

10*

Producing*Fire*Retardant*

Treated*Wood*

Pressure*treating*process*

Wood%is%loaded%into%cylinder%

Initial%vacuum%pulls%out%air%

Cylinder%Iilled%with%preservatives%

12*

Pressure*treating*process*

Pressure%forces%preservatives%into%wood%

Remaining%preservative%Emptied%for%later%use%

Final%vaccum%removes%excess%liquid%

13*

Code*requirements*for*Iire*retardant*

•  2303.2.1%Pressure%process.%The%process%shall%be%performed%in%closed%vessels%under%pressures%not%less%than%50%pounds%per%square%inch%gauge.%

•  2303.2.2%Other%means%during%manufacture.%The%treatment%shall%be%an%integral%part%of%the%manufacturing%process%of%the%wood%product%and%provide%permanent%protection%to%all%surfaces.%

14*

Drying*after*treatment*

•  All%Iire%retardant%treated%lumber%and%plywood%must%be%dried%after%treatment%

•  Required%by%code,%IBC%Section%2303.2.5%

•  Must%be%dry%when%put%into%service%

15*

Purpose*of*Iire*retardants*

•  Reduce%damage,%injuries%from%Iires%

•  Allows%time%to%leave%•  Slows%impact%of%Iire%on%structure%

•  Increases%time%for%help%to%arrive%

•  Slows%smoke,%Ilames%•  Smoke%inhalation%primary%cause%of%death%in%Iires%

16*

Purpose*of*Iire*retardants*

•  Meet%code%requirements%•  Approved%substitute%for%nonJcombustible%material%

•  Alternative%to%sprinkling%•  Keeps%Iire%contained%in%multifamily,%commercial%structures%

•  Economics%•  CostJeffective%way%to%add%Iire%protection%

•  Lower%installed%costs%vs.%nonJcombustible%materials%

17*

How*Iire*retardant*treatments*work*

•  Fires%need%3%things%•  Oxygen%•  Heat%•  Fuel%

•  Fire%retardants%remove%the%fuel%

•  Changes%the%chemical,%physical%mechanisms%that%contribute%to%Iire%

18*

FUEL

Breaking*the*combustion*cycle*

•  Heat%produces%Ilammable%gases%from%wood%

•  Gases%combine%with%oxygen,%ignite%and%burn%

%

19*

Breaking*the*combustion*cycle*

•  Fire%retardants%disrupt%the%cycle%

•  Changing%the%volatile%gasses%

•  Releases%carbon%dioxide,%water%vapor%

20*

CO2% H2O%

Fire*retardant*required*characteristics*

•  Flame%spread%of%25%%or%less%

•  Self%extinguishing%•  Won’t%spread%Iire%

•  Reduced%heat%release%•  Disrupts%volatile%gasses%•  Releases%carbon%dioxide,%water%vapor%

21*

Flame*Spread*Ratings*

•  Measures%how%fast%Ilames%advance%on%a%material%

•  Based%on%Iire%tunnel%testing%

•  Fire%retardant%wood%ranks%as%Class%A%

•  Same%as%rating%for%drywall/gypsum%board%

22*

0 50 100 150 200

Southern Pine

Red Oak

Hem-Fir

FRTW

Drywall

Testing*for*Iire*retardant*wood*

•  Interior%•  Steiner%Tunnel%test%•  Strength%testing%

•  Exterior%•  Accelerated%weathering%

•  Simulate%80%inches%of%annual%rainfall%over%10%years%

•  Shakes%&%shingles%•  Burning%brands,%intermittent%Ilames%

23*

What*color*is*Iire*retardant*wood?*

•  Treatments%are%typically%clear%

•  Some%producers%may%add%a%light%dye%

•  Color%is%for%marketing,%not%indicator%of%treatment%or%performance%

•  Look%for%quality%mark,%not%color%

24*

Code*approved*stamps*9*Interior*

25*

Code*approved*stamps*9*Exterior*

26*

Know*your*Iire*retardant*wood*labels*

27*

Available%at:%

www.wwpinstitute.org%

Adjustments*for*design*values*

•  Design%values%must%be%adjusted%for%Iire%retardants%

•  Lumber,%plywood%•  3%%J%20%%reduction,%depending%on%design%value,%treatment%formulation%

•  Consult%treatment%manufacturers%for%adjustments%

28*

Fire*Retardant*Wood*in*the*

Building*Codes*

International*Building*Code*reference*

•  Section%2303.2%Any%wood%product%impregnated%with%chemicals%by%a%pressure%process%or%other%means%during%manufacture%with%a%Ilame%spread%index%of%25%or%less%%

30*

Code*recognized*uses*

•  Used%in%lieu%of%nonJcombustible%materials%

•  Substituted%for%hourly%ratings%

%

31*

Fire*retardant*treatments*available*

•  Interior%•  Protected%from%weather%•  Can%be%unconditioned%space%

•  Exterior%•  Exposed%to%weather%•  In%wet,%damp%areas%

32*

Common*interior*applications*

•  Roof%trusses%

•  Rafters%

•  Plywood%roof%sheathing%

•  Floor%joists%

•  Mezzanines%

•  Shelving%

•  Steps%

•  Stairways%

•  Studs%

33*

•  Exterior%loadJbearing%walls%

•  Interior%nonJload%bearing%partitions%

•  Floor%sheathing%

•  Plywood%subIlooring%

•  Partition%walls%

•  Beams%&%purlins%

•  Blocking%&%furring%

•  Blocking%

•  Platforms%

•  Stages%

•  Wall%sheathing%&%paneling%

•  Joists%

•  Architectural%millwork%&%trim%

•  Telecomm/%electrical%panels%

IBC*–*Roof*framing,*trusses,*panelized*roofs*

•  Section%603.1%–%1.3%Roof%construction,%including%girders,%trusses,%framing%and%decking%

•  Exception:%Not%permitted%in%Type%1A%construction%over%%%2%stories%and%roof%less%than%20%ft.%from%upper%Iloor%

•  Often%speciIied%to%avoid%adding%sprinklers%in%concealed%spaces%

34*

IBC*–*Exterior*walls*

•  Section%602.3%Type%III%Exterior%wall%assemblies%%

•  Section%602.4%Type%IV%Heavy%timber%

%

35*

IBC*–*Interior*walls*

•  Section%603.1%–%1.1%Type%I%and%II%%Nonbearing%partitions%

%

36*

IBC*–*Interior*platforms*

•  Section%410.4%Type%I,%II%and%IV%Platform%construction%

37*

IBC*–*Kiosks,*indoor*playgrounds*

•  Section%402.6.2%Kiosks%located%in%covered%mall%

•  Section%424.2%Children’s%play%structures%inside%all%occupancies%

38*

Common*exterior*applications*

•  Balconies%

•  Decks%

•  Stairways%

•  Fences%

•  Sheds%

•  Gazebos%

39*

•  Roof%coverings%

•  OpenJair%roof%systems%

•  Canopies%&%awnings%

•  Storefronts%&%facades%

•  Eaves,%sofIits%&%facia%

•  Agricultural%buildings%&%horse%stalls%

•  Scaffolding%&%scaffold%planks%

•  Construction%staging%

IBC*–*Exterior*wall*coverings*

•  Section%410.4%Type%I,%II,%III%and%IV%Architectural%trim%

•  Up%to%3%stories%or%40%ft.%

40*

IBC*–*Projections*

•  Section%705.2.3%Type%I,%II,%III,%IV%and%V%

•  Extending%within%5%ft.%of%Iire%separation%distance%

41*

IBC*–*Balconies*and*similar*projections*

•  Section%1406.3%Length%of%projection%not%to%exceed%50%%of%building’s%perimeter%%

42*

IBC*–*Wood*shakes*and*shingles*

•  Table%1505.1%Section%1505.6%Class%A,%B,%C%roofs%%

43*

IBC*–*Gas*station*canopies*

•  Section%406.7.2%Motor%fuelJdispensing%stations%%

44*

45*

Available%at:%

www.wwpinstitute.org%

Code*references*for*Iire*retardant*wood*

*Fire*Retardant*Treated*Wood*Handling*and**

FAQs*

Safe*use*of*Iire*retardant*wood*

47*

•  Precautions%for%treated%wood%same%as%for%nonJtreated%wood%

•  Avoid%frequent%or%prolonged%exposure%to%sawdust;%dusk%mask%recommended%

•  Consumer%info%sheets,%MSDS%available%from%manufacturers%

Disposal*of*Iire*retardant*wood*

48*

•  Reusing%treated%wood%is%preferred%option%

•  Do%not%mulch%•  Do%not%burn,%unless%in%commercial%or%industrial%incinerators%

•  Not%considered%hazardous%waste,%can%be%disposed%at%a%landIill%

Common*questions*about*Iire*retardant*wood*

49*

Will$%ire$retardant$treated$wood$burn?$

Yes,%with%sufIicient%heat,%duration%of%exposure%and%oxygen.%But%it%will%not%support%a%Iire.%

%%

Can$%ire$retardant$treated$wood$be$painted?$

Maybe.%The%Ilammability%of%the%Iinish%should%be%considered%before%coating%is%applied.%In%most%cases,%the%Iinish%will%void%the%Iire%retardant%warranty.%Check%with%the%manufacturer.%

%


50*

Do$%ire$retardant$treatments$offer$protection$against$decay$and$insects?$

Many%Iire%retardant%treatments%include%borates,%which%are%also%used%as%a%preservative.%Check%with%the%manufacturer%to%determine%if%the%treatment%protects%against%insects%and%decay%as%well%as%Iire.%

%


51*

What$fasteners$should$be$used$for$%ire$retardant$treated$wood?$

High%quality,%hot%dipped%galvanized%steel%or%stainless%steel%fasteners%are%recommended.%

%What$if$interior$for$%ire$retardant$treated$wood$is$exposed$to$rain$on$the$job$site?$

In%most%cases,%incidental%exposure%to%rain%does%not%affect%the%performance%of%the%retardant.%If%signiIicant%wetting%occurs,%lumber%should%be%dried%to%19%%and%plywood%to%15%%before%enclosure%

%

Any*time.*Any*where.*

52*

•  Treated%Wood%app%•  Free%download%available%for%iOS,%Android%and%Windows%%

•  Key%information%needed%to%understand,%properly%specify%treated%wood%

•  Search%“Western%Wood%Preservers”%in%online%stores%

Western*Wood*Preservers*Institute*********www.wwpinstitute.org***********360969399958* *53*

Thank*You!*

Questions?*This*concludes**

The*American*Institute*of*Architects*Continuing*Education*Systems*

Course*

Butch*Bernhardt*Western%Wood%%Preservers%Institute%

[email protected]%

Western*Wood*Preservers*Institute*********www.wwpinstitute.org***********360969399958* *54*

fire%retardant+treated+wood:+ the+basics+ · common*questions*about*iire*retardant*wood* 51*...

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fire%retardant+treated+wood:+ the+basics+ · commonquestionsaboutiireretardantwood 51*...