First Aid

First Aid

What is First Aid?First aidis the provision of initial care for an illness or injury.First aid is usually given in an emergency situation (e.g., driving up on a wreck, being the first witness)

C-C-CCHECKCheck the situation. Make sure youre safe. If youre not sure youre safe, leave the area. Dont panic, stay calm. WHATS THE MOST IMPORTANT???CALLPoint at someone in particular and tell them to call for help (e.g., YOU in the red shirt, CALL 911!!CAREDuring some emergencies, someone may be hurt. Give first aid until help arrives.Basic First AidRemember your ABCs!!!!!!!!!!!

A- Airway (check for obstruction)

B- Breathing (look, listen, and feel)

C- Circulation (keep blood circulating)What is the person is unconscious?After you call 911, ABCs!!!!Airway, Breathing, Circulation

Rescue BreathingIf a person has a pulse, but is not breathing, you should perform Rescue Breathing!1 breath every 5 secondsCheck for pulse and breathing after every minute (or about 12 breaths)Continue this until medical help arrives or there is no pulse.What happens if there is no pulse?CPRWhen a person has no pulse and is not breathing, we perform CPR!!!CPR stands for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Remember your ABCs!!!A- AirwayB- BreathingC- CirculationCPRGive 20 compressions (about two inches)Tilt the head back and lift the chinGive victim 2 breathsRepeat until medical help arrives

911When you call 911, you should be ready to give this information:Your name and locationThe type of emergencyThe condition of anyone who is hurtWhat youve done to help the victim

What if somebody is choking?Abdominal thrusts are actions that apply pressure to the stomach to force an object out.It is also called the Heimlich Maneuver.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DE45ks9miIw&feature=relmfuChokingHow do you know if someone is choking?

Infant ChokingChokingWhat if you are alone and choking?

You will perform self-abdominal thrusts.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEIiEAn7b-U

Emergency Contact List911 or local emergency numberFire departmentPolice DepartmentFamily DoctorParents at workRelativesNeighbors

Bleedinghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2zwU2c-HZo

What to do first?Apply a sterile gauze to the cutApply pressure to the cutElevate above the heartAdd gauze if neededBurns1st Degree2nd Degree3rd Degree1st Degree

Only damages the epidermis, which is the outer layer of skin. These burns consist of redness, and take about 1 week to heal. An example of this is a sunburn.

2nd DegreeDamages the epidermis and dermis. Appears red with blisters. These burns take approximately 2-3 weeks to heal. An example of a 2nd degree burn is a scalding injury, flames, or coming in contact with a hot object. MUST keep these clean and protected!!!

3rd DegreeA 3rd degree burn destroys the entire dermis. It appears stiff and white or brown. They can also appear black and charred. It also requires excision, or removal of the tissue. An example of a third degree burn would be a scalding liquid, more contact with flames, an electrical burn, or chemical burn. The proper response for a 3rd degree burn is to call for immediate MEDICAL HELP!!!

PoisonsPoisons can be ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Many poisons are accidental, and some are obvious. If you have, or think you have been poisoned, or found somebody you think has been poisoned, call 911. Then, call your local poison control center. The operator will be able to help you provide assistance.

FrostbiteFrostbite is the localized damage to skin due to exposure to extreme cold. This is why we wear gloves when we go sledding. There are different degrees of frostbite, but the universal treatment is to keep the area warm, NOT hot. The process of thawing is needed for the affected tissue. Reduce movement in the affected area to prevent ice crystals that have formed in the tissue to cause further damage.FrostbiteIf the persons skin is numb and turning white and hard, or black, CALL 911!!! Treatment on frostbite cases will vary from case to case.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6Jv9vDk8t8

SprainsA sprain happens when you twist ligaments or stretch ligaments beyond their usual workload. There is immediate pain and swelling follows. Usual recovery varies on which ligament you sprained and the degree of the sprain. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dlWHZNbZeK8&feature=related

This is ME!!MCL Sprain vs. WKUHow do you treat a sprain?

FracturesA fracture is a cracked or broken bone. There is swelling and pain immediately following.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUIf5m0bgu0

How does it recover?An injury will swell, sending extra nutrients to begin the healing process.A large hematoma, or collection of blood, surround the break of the bone.

RecoveryStem cells, which usually divide every day or two, divide every 3 minutes to replenish tissue.Within four weeks the hematoma will harden, making the area extra strong.Over the next months, the hematoma will harden, and the injury will be repaired.

DislocationsWhen a bone has been forced out of its normal position in a joint. They are painful and may look unusual.

How do you treat fractures and dislocations?