First Aid

Singapore Red Cross Society

Red Cross Youth

Action at Emergency

• Emergency Action Plan

• Primary Survey

• Secondary Survey

• Recovery Position

Emergency Action Plan

• Check the scene

• Call for help

• Check and care for casualty– Primary survey– Secondary survey– Recovery position

Check the Scene

• Any immediate danger– How to deal with danger ?– Should evacuate casualty ?

• How many casualty ?

Call for Help

• Get bystander to help

• Number to call - 995

• Information to convey– Location– Nature of accident– Casualty’s condition

Primary Survey

Check for life threatening emergencies• R Response level

– Alert, Voice, Pain, Unconscious

• A Airway open– Head tilt, chin lift/jaw thrust

• B Breathing– Look, listen, feel in 3 to 5 sec

• C Circulation– Pulse in 5 to 10 sec

• H Haemorrhage – external, internal, shock

Secondary Survey

• C Casualty’s complaint

• H History

• E Examine head to toe

• C Compare opposite side

• K Keep checking vital signs– Appearance, Breathing, Circulation, Response

Level

Examine Head to Toe

1. Head• Scalp, ears, eyes,

nose, mouth

2. Neck

3. Shoulder and Collar bone

4. Chest and Rib Cage

5. Abdomen

6. Pelvis

7. Lower extremities• Thigh, knees, lower

leg, ankle, toes

8. Upper extremities• Arm, forearm, wrist,

hand, fingers

9. Back• Spine

Recovery position

• For unconscious casualty after primary and secondary survey before arrival of medical aid– Prevent tongue from falling back, blocking the

airway– Prevent choking by vomitus

• Also known as three quarter prone position

Recovery position

1. Kneel on safe side of casualty

2. Tuck near hand under thigh with palm facing up

3. Far hand across chest

4. Far leg cross near leg

• Grip far shoulder and hip

• Roll casualty towards you

• Spread casualty hand and leg