first aid training welcome paediatric. access to a phone who will care for the children? first aid...
TRANSCRIPT
• Access to a phone
• Who will care for the children?
• First aid box
• Children’s record forms
• Fire escape plan
• Instructions for the parents
• List of important phone numbers
Planning for an emergency2
Resuscitation flow chart4
Remove Danger
YES
Open AirwayA
Normal Breathing?
Call 999/112 NowIf the casualty is a child and you have to
leave them, do 1 minute of CPR first.
NO
B
Danger?D
Response?
NO
NO
Help!
R
Resuscitation For a child or baby – give 5 initial rescue breaths. Give cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths. Only stop to recheck the child if they start to wake up AND start breathing normally.
30 to 2
WARNING:
“In the first few minutes after cardiac arrest, a casualty may be barely
breathing, or taking infrequent, noisy gasps. These are known as ‘agonal’
gasps, and should not be confused with normal breathing.”
If you are in doubt, start CPR.
Resuscitation6-13
First aiders can use the adult sequence of resuscitation on a
child or baby who is unresponsive and not breathing.
Child and baby CPR10-13
The following minor modifications to the adult sequence will, however, make it even more suitable for use in children:
If you are on your own, perform resuscitation for about 1 minute before going for help
Give five initial rescue breaths before starting chest compressions
For a babyunder 1 year, use two fingers
For a child over 1 year,use one or two handsto achieve an adequate depth
Compress the chest by at least one-third of its depth:
Child and baby CPR10-13
Primary Survey First – DRABC
Recovery Position?
History, Signs and Symptoms
Head and Neck
Shoulders and Chest
Abdomen and Pelvis
Legs and Arms
Pockets and Clues
Secondary survey14
Pain
Loss of power
Unnatural movement
Swelling or bruising
Deformity
Irregularity
Crepitus
Tenderness
Broken bones – signs and symptoms32
Concussion Compression
Unconsciousness for a short period, followed by an increase in levels of response and recovery.
Could have a history of recent head injury with apparent recovery, but then deteriorates.
Short term memory loss (particularly of the
incident). Confusion, irritability.Levels of response become worse as condition develops.
Mild, general headache. Intense headache.
Pale, clammy skin. Flushed, dry skin.
Shallow / normal breathing. Deep, noisy, slow breathing.(Pressure on the respiratory control area of the brain)
Rapid, weak pulse. (Blood diverts away from the extremities)
Slow, strong pulse. (Caused by raised blood pressure)
Normal pupils, reacting to light. One or both pupils dilate as pressure increases on the brain.
Possible nausea or vomiting on recovery.
Condition becomes worse. Fits may occur. No recovery.
Serious head injuries34
Red Flag early warning signs!• Cold hands and feet• Pain in the limbs or joints• Abnormal skin colour (pallor or mottling)
Other signs, which can occur later:• Fever and vomiting• Rash that doesn’t fade with tumbler test• Drowsiness or lowered levels of consciousness• Severe headache• Stiff neck (rare)• Dislike of bright lights (rare)
Meningitis38
insulin
Fixed amount injected:
Burns up sugar! To balance the insulin taken.
Diabetes39
Eaten:
sugar
sugar
insulin
Overdosedon insulin
Or not eaten enough food;
Or over exercised.
Diabetes – low blood sugar39
Oxygen + FoodOxygen + Food == EnergyEnergy == LIFELIFE
Why is low blood sugar so dangerous?
Brain cells can only use glucoseglucose (sugar) for energy.
Diabetes – low blood sugar39
High Blood Sugar Low Blood Sugar
Onset Slow Fast
Levels of response
Deteriorate slowly Deteriorate rapidly
Skin Dry and Warm Pale, cold, sweaty
Breathing Deep sighing breaths Shallow and rapid
Pulse Rapid Rapid
Other symptoms
Excessive urinationVery thirsty
HungerFruity smell on breath
May be confused for drunkenness
Diabetes39
• Febrile Convulsions
• Epilepsy
• Head Injury
• Lack of Oxygen
• Stroke
Seizures in children – main causes40