First Century EphesusFirst Century Ephesus

The Ephesus of St. Paul & Associates

Sheila E. McGinn, Ph.D.

The Roman City

Capital of Asia

Religious Cults

Ephesus after PaulTrade Routes

Paul’s Activities in Ephesus

Select Bibliography

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Ephesus, The Roman CityEphesus, The Roman City

Founded in the Second Century BCEDeforestation for cultivationCity grew by leaps and bounds– Apartments for the wealthy– Surrounded by estates and villas– all the amenities of Roman urban life:

luxuries, leisure, comfort, slaves

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Capital of Roman AsiaCapital of Roman Asia

Third-largest city in the Empire Population 250,000 - 500,000 or more Theater holds 25,000 at once Aristocratic families gaining influence in

Rome through links with Senatorial class

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Trade RoutesTrade Routes

Great port on the Mediterranean Near Greece and North Africa, the “bread

basket” of the Empire Central land routes, inluding the Via

Egnatia

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Religious CultsReligious Cults

Temple to Diana one of the seven wonders of the ancient world

Traditional Mother-Goddess worship found throughout Asia

“Oriental” cults gaining influence, especially those of Isis, Mithras, and Judaism

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Paul’s Activities in EphesusPaul’s Activities in Ephesus

First visit ca. AD 48 during second missionary journey

Second visit, beginning ca. 52, lasts several years– three-year imprisonment ca. 54-56– writes “imprisonment letters” to Corinth

-- and probably also those to Philippi & Philemon

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Ephesus after PaulEphesus after Paul

Continues as center of Christian movement in Asia

John the Seer leads churches thereMade first collection of Paul’s lettersIncrease in significance of imperial

cult and anti-Christian antagonismProblems with harbor

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Select BibliographySelect Bibliography

•Ephesos: Metropolis of Asia. An interdisciplinary approach to its archaeology, religion and culture, ed. Helmut Koester. (Harvard Theological Studies 41; Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International, c1995).•McGinn links on Paul, accessible from my homepage at http://www.jcu.edu/bible/mcginn/index.htm•Excavation reports by University of Austria