first day orientation

8/22/2019 First Day Orientation

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FEUEAST ASIA COLLEGEInformation

TechnologyDepartment

First Day

Orientation


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First Day

Orientation


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First Day Orientat ion



CLASSROOM POLICIES

Tardiness:

15 min after the start time Late

16 min onwards after the start time Absent

3 Recorded Tardiness 1 Absence


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CLASSROOM POLICIES

Absences:

Excused, if an excuse letter is presented the next meeting

Excuse letter must be accompanied by an ID with

signature of the signatory from the said letter.3 excused absences 1 official absence

Max number of absences 20% of total

number of meetings in a term (5 absences only)


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CLASSROOM POLICIES

Use of Cell Phones:

Must be kept in silent mode during the

class/exams

No texting during the classA call may be entertained outside the room


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CLASSROOM POLICIES

Use of Other Electronic Gadgets:

Not allowed inside the classroom


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CLASSROOM POLICIES

No eating or drinking inside the room

Let your presence or absence from the room be

known to your professor

Group cooperation is encouraged

Ask questions

RESPECT for each individual is a MUST


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GRADING SYSTEM

MG = 60% CS + 40% ME

FG = 60% CS + 15% ME + 25% FE

Lecture 70%Laboratory 30%

Passing is 75%


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GRADING SYSTEM

Laboratory Class Standing 60%

40% Machine Problems

30% Project

25% Practical Exam5% Teachers Evaluation

Midterm Grade = 60% CS + 40% ME


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GRADING SYSTEM

Laboratory Class Standing 60%

20% Long Quiz (Average of at least 3 quizzes)

20% Machine Problems

15% Seatwork, Assignments, Recitations (ClassParticipation)

5% Teachers Evaluation



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GRADING SYSTEM

Lecture Class Standing 60%

40% Long Quiz (Average of at least 3 quizzes)

30% Short Quizzes

25% Seatwork, Assignments, Recitations (ClassParticipation)

5% Teachers Evaluation



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Quest ions and Comments




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Lecture 3: Intro to C++

programming

Engr. J. Cansino


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C++ Anatomy

The Parts of a C++ Program

// A simple C++ program

#include using namespace std;

intmain()

{cout


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The cout Object

cout is used to produce console output,

hence cout!

It is classified as a stream object, which

means it works with a stream of data, such

as a string literal (stream of characters)

Run Example


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Program 2-2

Can be used to send more than one item out.


#include

using namespace std;

intmain()

{ cout


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Program 2-3

Output can also be broken up into many

statements, but still shows up on a single

line.// A simple C++ program

#include


intmain()

{cout


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Program 2-4

Unless otherwise specified, the output ofcout is displayed on a continuous stream.

Sometimes, this is not desireable

// A simple C++ program#include


intmain()

{

cout


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Solution: start a new line

Stream manipulator : endl (end-L or end line)

Newline escape sequence: \n// A simple C++ program

#include


intmain()

{

cout


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#include


intmain(){

cout


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Common Escape Sequences

\a Bell (beep)

\b Backspace

\n Newline \r Return

\t Tab

\\ Backslash \' Single quote

\" Double quote


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The #include directive

Example: #include

This is a header file that contains

information describing iostream objects,

such as cout

Part of the input-output stream library

Header file contains C++ code andtypically describes complex objects, like

cout

Later on, we will create our own header

files


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Variables and Literals

Variables represent storage locations in

the computers memory

int number; variable definition

Sets up name and type of data the variable

will hold

number = 5;variable assignment

(integer literal)

number = 5;string literal


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#include

using namespace std;intmain()

{

int number;

number = 5;

cout


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Identifiers

Identifier: programmer-defined name that

represents some element of a program

Example: variable names Usually indicates what the variable is used

for

Caveat: cannot use C++ key words andmust be legal


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Identifier Rules

First character must be a z, A Z, or an

underscore( _ )

After the first character, a z, A Z, an

underscore, or 0 9

Upper and lower are distinct, that is C++ is

case sensitive


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Integer Data Types

Two general data types:

Numeric

Character

Number is further broken down

integer

floating point

Variables declared as integers can only hold whole

numbers

i.e. 1, 2, 3

Floating point can store decimal numbers

i.e. 4.657, -8.96, 3.5


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Concerns when selecting

numeric data types Largest and smallest value that may be

stored

How much memory that value uses

Signed or unsigned

Decimal Precision


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Tips

use unsigned

Combine same type variable definitions on

one line

Use L after integer literals if long is

needed

Example : number = 32L

Uses 4 bytes of memory instead of just 2


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Lecture 3b: Intro to C++

program (Contd)Engr. J.Cansino


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The char Data Type

1 byte integer data type

Used for storing characters as an int

ASCII (American Standard Code forInformation Interchange) Table


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Character literals are not string literals!

Program 2-12 and 2-13

char letter;

Letter = a;

char letter;

Letter = a;


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// Relationship between integers and characters

#include


intmain()

{

char letter;

letter = 65;

cout


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#include


intmain()

{

char letter;

letter = A;

cout


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Floating-Point Data Types Used to define variables that hold real

numbers float (single precision)

double (double precision)

long double (at least 2x double size)


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Tips

1.2F forces literal to be stored as a float

The following are equivalent floating-point

literals

1.4E11

1.4e11

1.4E+11

1.4e+11

140000000000.0


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#include


intmain()

{ float distance;

double mass;

distance = 1.496979E11;

mass = 1.989E30;

cout


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The bool Data Type

Boolean variables can either be true or

false ( 0 or 1)

Program 2-16


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#include


intmain()

{ bool boolValue;

boolValue = true;

cout


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Determining the Size of a Data

Type The sizeofoperator can be used to

determine the size of a data type on any

system.

Example: sizeof(int);

Program 2.17


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#include


intmain()

{ long double apple;

cout


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Variable assignments and

initializations An assignment operation assigns, or

copies, a value into a variable. When a

value is assigned as part of its definition, it

is called initialization.

Program 2-18


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#include


intmain()

{ int month =2, days =28;

cout


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Scope

A variables scope is that part of the

program that has access to that variable.

Complex, and the rules that define a

variables scope will be covered throughout

the lectures

Rule 1: A variable cannot be used in any

part of the program until it is defined.


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Arithmetic Operators

There are many operators for manipulating

numeric values and performing arithmetic

operations.

Three types

Unirary (requires only 1 operand. Exmp. -5)

Binary (requires 2. Exmp. A = 3)

Ternary (requires 3. Exmp. Discussed in chp.4)


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Common Arithmetic Operators

Binary operators.

+ addition, total = cost + tax;

- subtraction, cost = total tax;

* multiplication, tax =

/ division, salePrice = original / 2;

% modulo, remainder = value % 3;

Tip: when both operands in a division areintegers, the statement will perform int division.

Use one number as floating point if need.

Do program 2-20

C t d P i


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Comments and Programming

Style Not used by the compiler, i.e. invisible

// - single line comment

/* */ - multiline comment

Programming Style is the visual

arrangement of your code.

Make it readable for yourself and others!


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Lecture 3c: Expressions and

InteractivityCS 126

Engr. J. Cansino


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The cin Object

The cout objects counterpart for input is

cin

Standard console input object

Promptthe user for input

>> stream extraction operator (remember


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// This program asks the user to enter the length and width of

// a rectangle. It calculates the rectangle's area and displays

// the value on the screen.

#include


int main()

{

int length, width, area;

cout width;

area = length * width;

cout


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Entering multiple values// This program asks the user to enter the length and width of

// a rectangle. It calculates the rectangle's area and displays

// the value on the screen.

#include


int main(){


cout width;


cout


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Entering different data types// This program demonstrates how cin can read multiple values

// of different data types.

#include


int main()

{int whole;

double fractional;

char letter;

cout > whole >> fractional >> letter;

cout


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Reading Strings

cin can read more than one character and store

it in memory as a character array, or C-string

char company[12]

Note: A larger string entered will overflow the

arrays boundaries and destroy data in memory!

Char

TypeName

Number

indicates thesize of the array


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// This program demonstrates how cin can read a string into

// a character array.

#include


int main()

{

char name[21];

cout > name;

cout


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// This program reads two strings into two character

arrays.

#include


int main(){

char first[16], last[16];

cout first >> last;

cout


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Mathematical Expressions

C++ allows you to construct complex

mathematical expressions using multiple

operators and grouping symbols

Expression: statement that has a value

Example: sum = 21 + 3;

Num = 4;

Result = x;

Result = 15 / 3;

Result = a + b + c;

// This program asks the user to enter the numerator


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// This program asks the user to enter the numerator

// and denominator of a fraction and it displays the

// decimal value.


int main()

{

double numerator, denominator;

cout denominator;

cout


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Operator Precedence

PMDAMS!1. Parentheses

2. Multiplication

3. Division4. Addition

5. Modulus

6. Subtraction Examples

5 + 2 * 4 = ?

10 / 2 -3 = ?

8 + 12 * 2 4 = ?

4 + 17 % 2 1 = ?

6 3 * 2 + 7 1 = ?


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Associativity and Grouping

Either left to right or right to left

If two operators sharing an operand have

the same precedence, they work

according to their associativity

* / % + - (left to right)

Unary negation (right to left)

You can use () to group operations andforce their precedence

Result = (a + b) / 4;

Converting Algebraic Expressions to


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g g p

Programming Statements

Examples

6B 6 * B

(3)(12) 3 * 12

4xy 4 * x * y;

Insert parentheses where necessary

x = (a + b) / c;

Using exponents y = pow(x,2);

This statement callspow , with arguments x and 2

c

bax

2xy

// This program calculates the area of a circle.


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p g

// The formula for the area of a circle is Pi times

// the radius squared. Pi is 3.14159.

#include

#include // needed for pow functionusing namespace std;

int main()

{

double area, radius;

cout radius;

area = 3.14159 * pow(radius, 2.0);

cout


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When you mix apples and

oranges: Type Conversion When an operators operands are different

data types, C++ will automatically convert

to the same data type, affecting the results

Depends on Ranking and Rules


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Rules

1. chars, shorts, and unsigned shorts are

automatically converted to int

2. when an operator works with two values

of different data types, the lower rankingvalue is promoted to the type of the

higher-ranking value

3. when the final value of an expression isassigned to a variable, it will be converted

to the data type of the variable


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Overflow and Underflow

When a variable is assigned a value that is

too large or too small in range for that

variables data type, the variable overflows

or underflows

// This program demonstrates integer overflow and underflow


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// This program demonstrates integer overflow and underflow.

#include


int main(){

// testVar is initialized with the maximum value for a short.

short testVar = 32767;

// Display testVar.cout


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// This program can be used to see how your system handles

// floating point overflow and underflow.


int main()

{

float test;

test = 2.0e38 * 1000; // Should overflow test.

cout


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Type Casting

Type castingallows for manual data type

conversion

General format

static_cast(Value)

Example

Double number = 3.7;

int val; val = static_cast(number);

//


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// This program uses a type cast to avoid integer division.

#include


int main()

{

int books; // Number of books to read

int months; // Number of months spent reading

double perMonth; // Average number of books per month

cout > books;

cout > months;

perMonth = static_cast(books) / months;cout


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// This program uses a type cast expression to print a

character

// from a number.

#include


int main()

{

int number = 65;

// Display the value of the number variable.

cout


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Named Constants

Literals may be given names that

symbolically represent them in a program

Example: PI

const double PI = 3.1459;


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// This program calculates the area of a circle.

// The formula for the area of a circle is PI times

// the radius squared. PI is 3.14159.

#include #include // needed for pow function


int main()

{const double PI = 3.14159;

double area, radius;

cout radius;

area = PI * pow(radius, 2.0);

cout


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Lecture 3d: Expressions and

InteractivityCS126

Engr. J. Cansino

Multiple Assignment and


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Multiple Assignment and

Combined Assignment Multiple assignment: assign the same

value to several variables with one

statement

example: a = b = c = d = 12;

Combined assignment:

number = number + 1;

New

Value

Old

Value

// This program tracks the inventory of three widget stores


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// that opened at the same time. Each store started with

the

// same number of widgets in inventory. By subtracting the

// number of widgets each store has sold from its

inventory,

// the current inventory can be calculated.


int main()

{

int begInv, // Begining inventory for all stores

sold, // Number of widgets sold

store1, // Store 1's inventory

store2, // Store 2's inventory

store3; // Store 3's inventory

// Get the beginning inventory for all the stores.

cout sold;

store2 -= sold; // Adjust store 2's inventory.

// Get the number of widgets sold at store 3.

cout > sold;

store3 -= sold; // Adjust store 3's inventory.

// Display each store's current inventory.

cout


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Formatting Output

More on output stream manipulation

The way a value is printed is called its

formatting

set(w): sets the field width (in characters)

for the value immediately following it

Requires: #include

Larger numbers will be fully printed

// This program displays three rows of numbers.


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#include


int main(){

int num1 = 2897, num2 = 5, num3 = 837,

num4 = 34, num5 = 7, num6 = 1623,

num7 = 390, num8 = 3456, num9 = 12;

// Display the first row of numbers

cout


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setprecision: floating point numbers are rounded

setprecision(n)

fixed

Setprecision sometimes does not give you what youwant, use fixed to force cout to print the digits in fixed-

point notation or decimal

showpoint

Shows trailing zeros (not shown by default)

left and right manipulators

left right justification

// This program asks for sales figures for 3 days. The total

// sales are calculated and displayed in a table.


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p y

#include

#include


int main()

{double day1, day2, day3, total;

// Get the sales for each day.

cout > day1;

cout > day2;

cout > day3;

// Calculate the total sales.

total = day1 + day2 + day3;

// Display the sales figures.

cout


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Formatted Input

cin provides ways of controlling string andcharacter input

Similar to those of cout

setw(10): prevents buffer overrun by limiting

number of characters

cin.getline()

char sentence[81]; cin.getline(sentence,20);

cin.get()

Gets a single character, including spaces or the

return character


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Mixing cin and cin.get

use cin.ignore(n,c)

n: number of characters to skip

c: character encountered

Which ever comes first

Member functions

getline, get, ignore are all examples of cins

member functions or procedures that are part of

cin cin is an object

Introduction to File Input and


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Introduction to File Input and

Output

Simple techniques to write input andoutput operations with files

#include ;

Define filesream objects

ofstream output to files

Ifstream input from files

Fstream w/r to and from files

M M th Lib F ti


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More Math Library Functions

// This program writes data to a file.

#include


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#include


int main(){

ofstream outputFile;

outputFile.open("demofile.txt");

cout


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#include


int main()

{

ifstream inFile;const int SIZE = 81;

char name[SIZE];

inFile.open("demofile.txt");

cout > name; // Read name 1 from the filecout name; // Read name 2 from the file

cout name; // Read name 3 from the file

cout name; // Read name 4 from the file

cout


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int main()

{

ifstream inFile;


inFile.open("dimensions.txt");

cout > length;inFile >> width;


cout > width;


cout > width;


cout > width;


cout > width;


cout


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