fish classification by deepak rawal
TRANSCRIPT
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Presentation by-Deepak Rawal
Assistant ProfessorMohanlal Sukhadia University
Udaipur India
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•FISH CLASSIFICATION
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Superclass- PiscesGeneral characters
• Paired pectoral and pelvic fins
• Respiration by gills
• Heart 2 chambered
• Poikilothermic
• Lateral line system
• Cranial nerves 10 pairs
• Study of fishe- Ichthyology
• Body covered with scales mostly
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Class- placodermii
• Bony armour/plate skinned
• Jaws
• Extinct class
• Two order
• 1 Arthrodiriformes
• 2 Antiarchiformes
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Order- Arthrodiriformes
• Armour of head and trunk with movable joint
• marine• Example -
Dinichtyes
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Order- Antiarchiformes
• Pectoral fins long• Fresh-water• Example-
pterychtyes
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class-Chondrichtyes
• Also called elasmobranchi• Operculum=gill cover absent• Cartilagenous endoskeleton• Heterocercal tail • Pelvic fins with clasper in male• Skin with placoid scales• Mouth on ventral side• Cones absent• Ampullae of lorenzini present• Cloaca present
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Class-Chondrichtyes
Subclass-selachi Subclass-holocephli
Order-squaliformes Order-rajiformes
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Order-Squaliformes
• Also called pleurotremata
• Gill-slits lateral 5-7 pairs
• Spiracle small• Example-
scoliodon(dogfish)
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Order-Rajiformes
• Also called hypotremata
• Body dorso ventrally flattened
• 5 pair of gill slits ventral
• Large pectoral fin• Spiracle large• Example- trygon(sting
ray)
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Subclass-Holocephali
• No spiracle• Single gill opening on
either side covered by fleshy operculum
• Isocercal tail• Single nasal opening• Example-
chimaera(hydrolagus)
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Class-Osteichtyes
• Bony endoskeleton• Gills not more than 4 pairs• operculum=gill cover present• Homocercal or diphycercal or prptocercal tail• Terminal mouth• Cloaca absent• Swim bladder present• Cycloid or ctenoid or ganoid scale• Cones present
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.Class-osteichtyes
Subclass-sarcopterygii Subclass-actinopterygii
Superorder-chondostei Superorder-holostei Superorder-teleostei
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Subclass-sarcopterygii
Order-crossopterygii order-dipnoi
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Order-Crossopterygii
• Caudal fin 3 lobed• Living fossil• Lobe-finned fishes• Example- latimeria
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Order-Dipnoi
• Also called lung fishes
• protocercal tail
• Air bladder lung like
• Breath on land by air bladder which acts as lungs
• Example- protopterus(african lung fish)
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Protopterus
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Superorder-chondrostei
Order-polypteriformes Order-acipenseriformes
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Order-polypteriformes
• Rhomboid ganoid scales
• Dorsal fin of 8 or more finlets
• Example- polypterus(bichir)
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Order-Acipenseriformes
• Scaleless• Barbels on ventral
side below mouth• example-
acipenser(sturgeon)
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Superorder-holostei
Order-amiiformes Order-semionotiformes
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Order-Amiiformes
• Snout rounded• Long dorsal fin• Cycloid scale• Example-
amia(bowfin)
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Order-semionotiformes
• Snout and body elongated
• Ganoid scale• Example-
lepidosteus(gar pike)
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Superorder-Teleostei• Mnemonics- SSSSCCBOMPPATEL• 1 scopeliformes• 2 syngnathiformes• 3 Symbranchiformes• 4 scorpaeniformes• 5 clupeiformes• 6 cypriniformes• 7 beloniformes• 8 ophiocephaliformes• 9 mastacembeliformes• 10 pleuronectiformes• 11 perciformes• 12 anguilliformes• 13 tetraodontiformes• 14 echeneiformes• 15 lophiformes
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Order-Scopeliformes
• Habitat- deep sea• Phosphorescent
organ• Dorsal and anal fin
without spines• Example-
harpodon(bombay duck)
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Order-Syngnathiformes
• Male have brood pouch for development of young
• Example- hippocampus(sea horse)
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Order-Symbranchiformes
• Body snake like• Pectoral and pelvic
fins are absent• Gill-slits join to form a
ventral slit• Example-
symbranchus
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Order-Scorpaeniformes
• Projecting spines from gill cover
• Examples- pterois(scorpion fish)
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Order-Clupeiformes
• Pelvic fins abdominal• Weberian ossicles
absent• Example-
salmo(atlantic salmon)
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Order-Cypriniformes
• Carps and catfishes• Barbels in cat fishes• Air bladder well
developed• Air bladder with duct
to pharynx• Example- labeo
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Order-Beloniformes
• Pectoral fins are large and high on body
• Example- exocoetus(flying fish)
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Order-Ophiocephaliformes
• Long dorsal and ventral fin
• Accessory respiratory organ (air sac) present
• Example- ophiocephalus(snake head)
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Order-Mastacembeliformes
• Body eel like• Continuos dorsal
caudal and anal fins• Example-
mastacembelus
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Order-Pleuronectiformes
• Flat fishes• Bottom dwellers• Both eyes present on
one side• Example-
pleuronectes
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Order-Perciformes
• two dorsal fin• Fin spines present• Accessory respiratory
organ(labyrinthine organ) present
• Example- anabas(climbing perch)
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Order-Anguiliiformes
• Body snake like• Pelvic fins absent• Continuos dorsal
caudal and anal fin• Example-
anguilla(eel)
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Order-Tetraodontiformes
• Inflate with swallowing water
• Neurotoxin tetrodotoxin in internal body parts and skin
• Example- tetraodon(globe fish/puffer fish)
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Order-Echeneiformes
• First dorsal fin form sucker on head
• Show commensalism with host
• Example- Echeneis/remora(sucker fish)
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Order-Lophiiformes
• First of few dorsal spines with bulb like tip to lure prey
• Example- lophius(angler fish/devil fish)
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