Fitzpatrick Institute for PhotonicsDuke University

Tuan Vo-Dinh

Physical Facilities

Fitzpatrick Center for Interdisciplinary Engineering, Medicine, and Applied Science“FCIEMAS”

$100M, 300,000-sqft FacilitiesDedication: November, 2004

Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics (FIP)120,000-sqft Facility

65 Faculty and Research Groups20 + Departments at Duke

Fitzpatrick Institute for PhotonicsDuke University

Maintain Excellence in Current Core Competencies

• Biophotonics

• Nano and Micro Systems

• Quantum Optics & Information Photonics

• Photonic Materials

• Advanced Photonic Systems

Strategic focus on target applications based on competencies

Develop New Competencies inSelected Target Areas

• Nanophotonics

• Systems Modeling & Theory and Data Treatment

• Novel Spectroscopies

Nanoprobe

Single Cell

Optical Coherence Tomography

Joseph Izatt

Clinical Systems at Duke Medical Center

Company Spin-Off: Optigen, Inc

Breast Biopsy Needle Nimmi Ramanujam

Fourier Domain Low Coherence Interferometry LCI (fLCI): Spectral Characterization of Nuclear

MorphologyAdam Wax

• Can determine longitudinal diameter of nucleus of cells in vitro• Comparison of fLCI with confocal microscopy shows good accuracy

Modality Mean Diameter

Standard Deviation

fLCI 6.9 µm 0.8 µm

Confocal Microscopy

6.8 µm 1.1 µm

R.N. Graf and A. Wax,Opt. Express 13, 4693 (2005).

DyeModule

NitrogenLaser

Poly-chromator

Multi-channelDetector

PC

Optics

Endoscope

BifurcatedOptical Fiber

Minimally Invasive In Vivo Cancer Diagnostics

Clinical Trials: Over 100 patients

98% Sensitivity; 95% Specificity

Halfshell Array as SERS Substrates

Support Nanoparticle Layer

Metal layer

Nanoparticle-based

Substrate Parameters:

• Nanoparticle material

(e.g. alumina, titanium

dioxide, polystyrene,

fumed silica)

• Nanoparticle size (e.g. 50

nm- 500 nm)

• Metal (e.g. silver, gold,

copper)

• Metal thickness (e.g. 50-

100 nm)

Scanning electron micrograph of silver-coated polystyrene microspheres

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Nanoparticle Probes

• Advantages of SERS-based labels– Comparable sensitivity to fluorescence– Resistance to photobleaching and

quenching– Enhanced spectral multiplexing (sharp lines

minimal overlap)

Raman Label

Metal Particle

Bioreceptor

• Targeting molecules to be used will include:– Specific bioreceptors

• Antibodies

• DNA constructs that are complementary to a mRNA target sequence

• Enzymes

0

40000

80000

120000

160000

Raman Shift (cm-1)

Ra

ma

n In

ten

sit

y (

a.u

.)

400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

0

40000

80000

120000

160000

Raman Shift (cm-1)

Ra

ma

n In

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.)400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

Nanosensor

Single Cell

Fig. 8

Nanosensor for Single-Cell Analysis

MitochondriaCaspase-7

Cytochrome cCaspase-9

Apap-1

Proca

spas

e-9

Apoptosome

The Biochip TechnologyThe Biochip Technology

• 2-D array of independently operating

photodiodes

• On-board signal amplification and data

treatment

• CMOS-based microelectronics

integrated onto a single platform

• Coupled to compact sampling system

ADVANTAGES:

• Compact design

• Low power consumption• Multiple assays possible on single platform

• Increased throughput • Cost effectiveness

• Microscale sampling capability

Fitzpatrick Institute for PhotonicsBridging the Gap: From the Nano World to Field Devices

Integrated Nano and Micro Systems

Traditional Approach High Cost, Low Volume, Niche Separate Component Packaging

Next Generation Low Cost, High Volume, Pervasive Integrated/Embedded OE Packaging Take OE packaging from discrete to integrated (emulating the IC revolution in the last 50 years) Making tabletop systems into ladybug size

Nan Marie Jokerst, FIP

Nanoparticle Plasmonics for Molecular DetectionA A Lazarides, Duke University

Objective: Dsign and demonstrate reconfigurable plasmonic assemblies for use as sensors in optoelectronic detection systems and in cells

Detection and Transduction: Thermodynamic principles of soft matter assembly

can be used to design self-assembling biomolecule-linked assemblies

Reconfigurable DNA nanostructures can be designed to control interparticle separation and coupling

Plasmonic sensors can be be integrated onto optoelectronic substrates or used as portable signallers in fluid biosamplese or cells

On/ off states of a chip fragment

BIomolecule-driven reconfiguration using DNA nanostructures

Microscopy SpectroscopySpectrum

predicted from structure

Single assembly spectroscopy with Jack Mock and David Smith

with T H LaBean

Self-Assembling DNA Nanostructures Thom LaBean, FIP, Duke University

500 x 500 nm

• Biomolecular self-assembly.

• DNA building blocks.

• Organization of other materials.

• Photonic applications.

• Future directions and applications.

Negative at Optical WavelengthsCloaking Materials

David Smith, Duke University

Properties of Plasmons:

•Surface modes

•Spatial variation of optical wavelengths on a scale <<.

•Large local field enhancements

•Large local density of states

•Contributes to SERS and SERRs phenomena

•Fast (fs) time scales

• Miniaturized systems containing:• Nanoprobes and microsensors• Control and signal processing electronics• Micro and nanofluidics• Wireless alarm/data transmission• Microactuators

• Integrate all of these components into a single mini-micropackage• Patch, Probe, Stamp-sized

• Operates on a coin battery• Continuous monitoring with pre-set alarm conditions and sensing

informationOR

• One shot sensing (disposable probes)• Wireless data download

Technologies for Integrated Nano- and Micro-Systems

BiophotonicsIzatt, Joseph, Program Director Brady, DavidJohnson, G. AllanProvenzale, JamesRamanujam, NimmiShang, AllanVo-Dinh, TuanWarren, Warren*Wax, Adam

Nano/Micro SystemsJokerst, Nan , Program DirectorBrooke, Martin Fair, Richard LaBean, ThomasMassoud, Hisham Tian, JingdongYoshie, Tomoyuki*

Quantum Optics and Information PhotonicsGauthier, Daniel, Program DirectorBaranger, Harold Kim, Jungsang Thomas, JohnWarren, Warren*

Photonic MaterialsSmith, David, Program DirectorBrown, AprilCummer, SteveGlass, Jeff Jokerst, Nan*Massoud, Hisham* Stiff-Roberts, Adrienne

Fitzpatrick Institute for PhotonicsTuan Vo-Dinh, Director

Advanced Photonic SystemsReichert, William, Program DirectorBrady, RachaelChakrabarty, KrishJohnson, KristinaEdwards, GlennGuenther, BobMassoud, Hisham* Ozev, Sule

NanophotonicsLeong, Kam, Program Director Chikolti, AsutoshLazarides, Anne Liu, JieSmith, David*Vo-Dinh, Tuan*Wax, Adam*Yoshie, Tomoyuki

Systems Modeling, Theory & Data TreatmentYang, Weitao, Program DirectorBeratan, David, Dwyer, ChrisKrolik, JeffreyLiu, QingPitsianis, NikosSun, XiaobaiVenakides, Stephanos

Novel SpectroscopiesWarren, Warren, Program DirectorBrady, DavidIzatt, Joseph*Palmer, RichardSimon, John Vo-Dinh, Tuan*Wax, Adam*

A Global Photonics VisionAn Initiative at the New Frontiers

of Science and Technology

Nanosystems & Nanophotonics

Biophotonics Information Photonics& Quantum Optics

NANO BIO INFO

OPTO