five points - project report

7/31/2019 Five Points - Project Report

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Acknowledgement

I am indebted to my guide Dhananjay V. Gadre for his valuable guidance

imparted to me from time to time during the preparation of this project entitled Electronic

Attendance System for Educational Institutes . His invaluable guidance for the subject

further added to my inspirations in this field.

(Chandralekha)Registration no.12020C Level, DOEACC.

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4Certificate of the Company/ Organization (for direct Candidate)

This is to certify that the project entitled Electronic Attendance System for

Educational Institutes is a bonafide work done by Mrs. Chandralekha (DOEACC

Registration No.12020) in partial fulfillment of C Level examination and has been

carried out under my direct supervision and guidance. This report or a similar report on

the topic has not been submitted for any other examination and does not form part of

any other course undergone by the candidate.

Date: Dhananjay V. Gadre

Place: New Delhi Asstt. Professor, ECE Division,NSIT, Sect.3, Dwarka,

New Delhi 110075,India.http://ece.nsit.ac.in/website/dvgadre

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Table of contents

Contents: - Page

1. Acknowledgement II

2. Synopsis approval III

3. Certificate of the project guide IV

4. Certificate of the Company / Organization (for direct candidates) VII

Table of Contents VIII

5. Synopsis of the Project. XII

6. Main Report

6.1 - Objective & Scope of the Project 1

- Motivation 2

- Attendance Marking 3

6.2 - Theoretical Background 5

- Why alternative is Microcontroller 5

- Embedded Systems 7

- Process Models 8

- Prototyping 9

- Incremental Process Models 10

6.3 - Definition of Problem 14

6.4 - System Analysis & Design vis--vis User Requirement 14

- Current attendance system 14

- Suggested System 15

- SDLC Model to be chosen 16- Simulation 18

6.5 - System Planning (PERT Chart) 19

- Legends shown in the EASEI PERT chart 20

- EASEI PERT chart - Critical Milestones 20

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- EASEI PERT chart - Critical Milestones with 21

Non critical tasks and Milestones

6.6 - Methodology adopted, System Implementation 22

- Details of Hardware used 24

- Details of Software used 25

- Increment #1 26

- Definition of Problem 26

- System Analysis & Design vis--vis User Requirements 26

- Methodology adopted, System Implementation 29

- Regarding Communication Protocol between PAD and PC 30

- Integration and Testing 32

- Feedback (Analysis) 33

- Increment #2 35

- Definition of Problem 35


- Implementation 37



- Increment #3 41- Definition of Problem 41


- Schematics of the Hardware 43

- Implementation 44

- Atmega644 Microcontroller 44

- Description of USART 46

- Data Flash At45DB041B 52

- Real Time Clock 59

- PCD8544 LCD 63

- Serial Peripheral Interface 68



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- Further Issues 73

6.7 - System Maintenance & Evaluation 74

- Versioning 75

- Software Maintenance 76

- Reusability 77

6.8 - Cost & Benefit Analysis 78

6.9 - Detailed Life Cycle of the EASEI Project 82

- Entity Relationship Diagrams 82

- Dataflow Diagrams 87

- Activity

Diagram - showing Workflow Analysis of 96

users in different roles according to their mode values

- Data Base

PAD 97

- Simulator

Data Base Pad2 99

- Data

Dictionary 100

- Referentialintegrity between the primary keys and foreign 104

keys among the relational tables.

- Finally

revised Communication Protocol between PAD 106

and the PC

- State

Diagrams 109

- Input and

Output Screens 112

- Processes

involved 142

- Methodology used for testing 146

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- Test Reports 147

- Unit Testing 147

- Integration Testing 148

- State-Based Testing 152

- Validation Testing 155

- Regression Testing 157

- System Testing 159

- Printout of the Reports 160

- User/ Operational Manual including security aspects, 169

access rights, back up, controls, etc.

- Printout of the Code Sheet C - 1

Annexure - 1 Brief background of the organization where the student A - 1

has developed the project.

Annexure - 2 List of abbreviations A - 4

Annexure - 3 References A - 5

Annexure - 4 Website A - 5

Annexure - 5 Soft copy of the project on CD / Floppy A - 6

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5

PROPOSAL/SYNOPSIS FOR PROJECT

1. Name/ Title of the Project - ELECTRONIC ATTENDENCE SYSTEMFOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES.

2. Statement about the Problem - There are many Engineering Colleges in Delhi

University. Presently there is manual attendance system in these colleges. Attendance of each

student is, recorded in the attendance register by the lecturer. Lecturers compile various

attendance reports of their students some times manually and some times on their PC through

EXCEL. This often generates different type of inconsistencies in various formats and values in

the attendance. It is also time consuming. For this, some times lecturers find it difficult to

concentrate on their actual job of teaching at the peak time of studies. College Administration

found that there is a great requirement to have some centralized automatic electronic

attendance system with the help of some electronic device.

3. Why is the particular topic chosen - Problem is Novel. Of course it is an automation

of attendance system. But in this system, administration of the Institute has desired to do this

automation where one has to use some electronic device for taking attendance. Device should

be capable enough to upload and download the attendance information by the lecturer in

his/her PC. It is totally an innovative idea not so far has been introduced anywhere. In other

countries there is no attendance system in schools and colleges. But, in India attendance

system is must everywhere. In Different companies, various companies use RFID card of

employee that touches the machine to store the attendance. But here Institute has desired to

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make a device, which should have enough memory and processing capability to store

attendance of at least 5 to 6 classes of 50 students each. It is a new thought to use such device

in automation of attendance system. Solution of this requires your imagination in the area for

making such device by assembling some pieces of hardware. I found the topic challenging one.

4. Objective and Scope of the project - The main Objective is to automate the students

attendance system with the help of an electronic device. Device should have the qualities such

as:

1) It could be a pocket size device which will remain with the lecturer,

2) It should have enough memory to accommodate attendance of 5 to 6 classes of at least

50 students each.

3) It should take attendance with real time clock storing time and date of each student of a

particular class.

4) Device should be capable to link with PC for uploading and downloading the

attendance information for managing automatic attendance system.

After receiving attendance information by the device, Automatic attendance system on the

PC will be able to generate various reports. E.g.,

1) Date wise Attendance of the student.

2) Class wise and student wise attendance report

3) Attendance summary of student for that year/ semester.

4) Monthly attendance reports.

5) Yearly/ semester wise attendance reports.

6) Letter to parents for short of attendance

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Consideration will be given to that software must be user friendly and easy for

authorized user to work. Every major activity of the system will be treated as a separate

module, containing menu for selecting corresponding options to perform respective job.

Scope Automation of the students attendance system with the help of electronic device shall

enable the Institute to have

Increase efficiency in system and Reduce time in doing various jobs.

Reduce redundancies and inconsistencies of data, information.

Proper coordination of related information.

Security for accessing the information.

Will improve concentration of doing actual job of teaching to students at the peak time

of studies.

Will also help the Institute in maintaining proper discipline for students.

Will help the administration in projecting the information crystal clear and thus help in

deciding rightly for the Institute and students.

Further scope of such system increases its sphere if this experiment becomes successful. Its

qualities can be its simplicity and flexibility of downloading and uploading of attendance while

handling the automatic attendance system and then generating desired reports easily by PC.

For this, electronic device has great functions to do. This can be of interest to other educational

institutes also.

5. Methodology - The total methodology is divided in three parts.

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1) There will be an independent piece of hardware, which will work as that pocket

attendance device (See block diagram given below). This electronic device will contain a

microcontroller chip along with real time clock. Software will be written in C and cross

compiled for the microcontroller to be used in the application. Device should upload students

and class information, once in a year/ semester. It will input daily attendance

of students in real time clock.

Process will display name, roll

number of each student of a

particular class one by one. As soon

as Lecturer inputs attendance of first

student, it will scroll and display

name, roll number of next student

for attendance and so on.2) Daily attendance will be downloaded to PC regularly. Uploading of student and class

information from PC will be done once in a year/ semester as mentioned above by this pocket

attendance device. This all will be done by the authorized user only.

3) Centralized software of Students attendance system will run on PC with VB.NET

front-end. Microsoft Excel will be enough to work as back-end. We dont require SQL server

as back-end as it is not very big database in size. There are not more than some thousands of

students in the college. This will be cheaper and easy to manage. System will be able to

generate various types of daily, monthly, yearly and summary reports of attendance of

students.

An overview of process flow is shown with the help of two levels of DFDs. Context

Level DFD is showing all inputs coming to the system and all outputs going out from the

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system. It is an overview of the system. 1 st level DFD is displaying process flow showing how

data flow from start to end.

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Context Level D.F.D

1st Level D.F.D.

ElectronicAttendance

SystemsFor

EducationalInstitutes

Pocket AttendanceDevice (PAD)

Employee

Lecturer/Administration

User

Upload student, class information

Download daily attendance

Grant Permission User Info

Student and class Information

Other letters/ Reports

Summary Reports

Yearly attendance

Monthly attendance

Date wise attendance

Pocket AttendanceDevice (PAD)

User Master

Student attendance

User_Info


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Some switches to handle the working of the device.

RS-232 interface between the device and PC.

2) One Pentium processor with inbuilt coprocessor (Graphics Accelerator). 8GB of hard

disk will be enough.

It must require at least one serial port to connect the PC with attendance electronic

device. We cannot use USB port as it is complex in computation and it is costly.

At the minimum 128 MB RAM.

SVGA VDU

Laser printer to print the various attendance reports.

Tools : C language, Microsoft VB.NET, Microsoft

Excel,

Platform : Microsoft Windows version 2000/ XP

The requirement mentioned above is needed to execute the software with better

performance and high resolution.

7. What contribution would the project make - 1) Top level System design.

2) Actual system implementation by

keeping in mind, the economics of the

project. This includes choosing

appropriate microcontroller and

peripheral components.

3) Verification of design on simulation.

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4) Building a prototype of the

hardware.

5) Writing control software for the

hardware and its testing with the

hardware.

6) Implementation of the PC software.

7) Overall Integration of the system.

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five points - project report

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