fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fk;doa.gov.lk/icc/images/publication/ktv/52_3.pdf · name of the publication :...

fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fk;K A M A T H O L I L V I L A K K A M

2014 [_iy - nrg;nlk;gh; (52 - 3) ,jo;

1912 - E}w;whz;ilf; fle;j ,yq;if tptrhaj; Jiwapd; k`htk;rk; - 2012

lu;af;d<s,a ú<lalï

,jo; 3kyh; 52

Rod;Wk; Vh; gpd;dJ cyfk; mjdhy;

coe;Jk; coNt jiy

tptrha mikr;R

tptrhaj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; xU gpuRuk;

Name of the Publication : Kamatholil Vilakkam Vol. 52 No. 3

Published by : Director Information and Communication Department of Agriculture Peradeniya Tel: 081 - 2388388 Fax: 081 - 2384328 Email: Web: http//www.doa.gov.lk Ministry of Agriculture

Published in : 2015 December Editor : S.Periyasamy

Issued by : Deputy Director (Communication) Agriculture Publication Unit P.O.Box 24 Peradeniya Tel/Fax: 081 2388507, 081 20528282 email: [email protected] [email protected]

ISSN No : 1391 - 5711

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4


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5

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6


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7

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 7

fle;j ,jopd; njhlh;r;rp...

myq;fhu ,iyj; jhtuq;fis nra;ifgz;Ztjw;fhd tha;g;Gfs;

iejurd;

jhtuq;fSf;F kpfTk; mtrpakhd

xU %yfk; iejurd; MFk;. gaph;fspw;F

iejurid ,Lk; NghJ ,iyg; gug;G

mjpfhpf;Fk;> mjpfsthd kl;lq;fs; cUth

Fk;> gr;iraq;fs; mjpfsT cUthFk;> cyh;

nghUl;fspd; epiw mjpfhpf;Fk;.

nrd;wpahdhtpy; iejurd; Fiwg;ghl;L

mwpFwpfshf Kjph;e;j ,iyfs; kQ;rs;

epwkhjy;> tsh;r;rp Fd;wp fl;ilahjy;>

cw;gj;jp FiwtilAk;. iejurd; msT

mjpfhpf;Fk; NghJ fDtpilntsp ePSk;. gjpa

tsh;r;rp mjpfhpg;gjd; fhuzkhf jhtuk; Nt-

fkhf tsUk;.

nrd;wpahdh jhtuj;jpw;F iejurid

mjpfstpy; ,Lk; NghJ jhtu ,iyfs; ePh;j;;

jd;ikahf khWtjhy;> tpiutpy; Neha;fs;>

gPilfspdhy; ghjpf;fg;gLtJ mjpfhpf;Fk;.

Vw;Wkjpf;Fg; nghUj;jkw;wj; jhtuq;fs;

Njhd;Wk;. fDtpilntsp mjpfhpg;gjhy;

,iyfspy; RUsp tbthd ,iyaikg;igf;

fhz Kbahkw; NghFk;. jhtuj;jpd; ,aw;if

epwj;jpypUe;J NtWgl;L fLk; gr;ir epw

NfhLfspd; ,ilntsp FiwtilAk;.

nrd;wpahdh gaph;r;nra;;ifapy;

iejurd; grisahf a+hpahTk;> mNkhdpak;

ry;Ngw;Wk; ,lg;gLfpd;wJ.

nghRguR

jhtuj;jpDs; rf;jp ghpkhw;wj;jpw;Fk;>

mit Nrkpg;gjw;Fk; ngUk;ghyhd Guj>

epAf;fpspf; mkpyq;fSk;> fyg;gphptpw;Fk;>

gphpapioaq;fspd; tsh;r;rpf;Fk; Nth;j; njhF

jpapd; tsh;r;rpf;Fk; nghRguR Kf;fpakhFk;.

nghRguR grisahf Kk;ikr; (Kr;) Rg;gh;

nghRg;Ngw;W ,lg;gLfpd;wJ.

(fe;jfj;ijAk;) nfhz;l nghl;lhrpak;

ry;Ngw;Wk; (SOP) gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

kf;dPrpaKk;> ry;gUk; (fe;jfk;)

nghl;lhrpak;

jhtuq;fspdhy; ,yFtpy;

mfj;JwpQ;rf; $ba> jhtu tsh;r;rpf;F

kpfTk; mtrpakhd Nghriz nghl;lhrpak;

MFk;. ,J xU mirAk; %yfkhFk;. Gujj;

njhFg;G> xspj;njhFg;G Mfpatw;wpw;Fk;>

czTf; flj;jypw;Fk; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.

nrd;wpahdhtpw;F cuf; fyitiaj;

jahhpf;Fk; NghJ 50 - 60% nghl;lhrpaj;ijf;

nfhz;l kpAwpNaw;Wg; nghl;lhRk; (MOP), 48 - 50% nghl;lhrpaKk;> 18% ry;giuAk;

jhtuq;fspy; gr;ira cw;gj;jp>

jhtuq;fspDs; ePiuf; fl;;Lg;gLj;jy;> rpy

nehjpaj; njhopw;ghl;bw;Fk; kf;dPrpak;

Kf;fpakhFk;.

jhtuj;jpDs; fhNghitjNuw;W>

nfhOg;Gfspd; mDNrgj;jpw;Fk;> xU rpy

nehjpaq;fs;> tpl;lkpd;fs; cUthfTk; ry;gh;

mtrpakhFk;. ,e;j %yfj;ij toq;f

fPriul; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. fPriul;by; 24% kf;dPrpaKk;> 23% ry;gUk; mlq;fpapUf;Fk;.

tpiutpy; ePhpy; fiuAk; jd;ik nfhz;lJ.

jhtu tsh;r;rpf;F mtrpakhd Vida

%yfq;fis toq;Ftjw;F Nrjd jhtu

czthf flw; jhtuq;fspYs;s ehh; th;f;fq;fs;

khj;jpuk; gad;gLj;jp jahhpf;fg;gl;l jputg;

gris tiffSk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.

8


nrd;wpahdhtpw;Fg; grisaply;

nrd;wpahdh gaph;r;nra;ifapy; gy

tifahd cug;grisfs; gad;gLj;jg;gL

fpd;wd. ,t;Tuq;fisj; jahhpf;Fk; NghJk;>

gad;gLj;Jk; NghJk; Vw;Wkjpj; juj;jpyhd

ehw;Wf;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjpy; mjpf

ftdQ; nrYj;jg;gLk;. jhtuj;jpd; tsh;r;rp

mtj;ij> epyj;jpd; kz;zpd; jd;ik> kz;zpd; pH ngWkhdk;> kz;zpd; kpd; flj;Je; jpwd; (Ec) ngWkhdk;> fhyepiy> fyit

nra;tjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; iejurd;>

nghRguR> nghl;lhrpak;> kf;dPrpak;> Vida

tpfpjq;fs; vd;gd nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;Jk;.

ghj;jpapy; ,U jhtu thpirfspw;;F

,ilNa mtw;wpw;Fr; rkhe;jukhf gris

fs; tprpwg;gLk;;. ,jd; gpd;dh; ePh;g;ghrdk;

nra;ag;gLk;.

,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf jputg; grisfs;

fpoikf;F xU jlit tprpwg;gLk;. fpoikf;F

xU jlit tPjk; gy grisfis tprpwyhk;.

tpisr;ry;

ghj;jpapy; elg;gl;Ls;s jha;j;

jhtuj;jpypUe;J ngwg;gLk; ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fNs

tpisr;ryhfg; ngwg;gLk;. ghj;jpapy; elg;glL

5 - 7 khjq;fshFk; NghJ ntl;Lj;Jz;lq;fis

mWtil nra;aj; njhlq;f KbAk;.

Kiwahfg; guhkhpf;fg;gLk; gaphpypUe;J 8 -

9 tUl fhyj;jpw;F ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fisg;

ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. ngwg;gLk; ehw;wpd;

juj;ijAk;> vz;zpf;ifiaAk; nghWj;J

gioa gaph;r;nra;ifia mfw;wp Gjpa

gaph;r;nra;ifia kPs ];jhgpf;f Ntz;ba

gUtj;ijj; jPh;khdpj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

ntspehl;L thbf;ifahsh;fspd;

Njitiag; nghWj;J ehw;Wf;fspd; cauk;

jPh;khdpf;fg;gLk;. jw;NghJ 7/8 r.kP> 10 r.kP> 12 r.kP> 13 r.kP> 15 r.kP> 20 r.kP> 23 r.kP> 25 r.kP

cauk; tiu Vw;Wkjpf;fhf jz;Lj; Jz;lq;fs;

ntl;lg;gLk;.

gaph;nra;if eltbf;iffSf;fhf

tpNrlkhf gapw;wg;gl;l gzpahsh;fs;

gad;gLj;jg;gLth;. ,q;F ghj;jpapy;

ntl;lg;gLk; ehw;Wf;fs; mt;tplq;fspNyNaj;

njhpT nra;ag;gLk;. ,jd;; NghJ cauk; $ba>

Neha;> gPilj; jhf;fKs;s ehw;Wf;fs; fopj;J

mfw;wg;gLk;.

njhpT nra;ag;gl;l Rj;jkhd Ngrd;fspy;

(gpsh];hpf; ngl;bfspy;) ehw;Wf;fs; mLf;fp

itf;fg;gLk;. ehw;wpd; cauj;ijg; nghWj;J

xU Ngrdpy; mLf;fp itf;fg;gLk; ehw;Wf;fspd;

vz;zpf;if NtWgLk;. ehw;Wf;fSf;Fr;

Nrjkpy;yhjthW Ngrd;fspy; mLf;fp

itf;fg;gLk;.

cyh;tijj; jLf;Fk; Kfkhf

ntl;lg;gl;l ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fs; mLf;fp

itf;fg;gLk; Ngrdpy; miu mb cauj;jpw;F

ePh; epug;gg;gLk;.

9

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 9

Vw;Wkjpf;fhd ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fspy;

fhzg;gl Ntz;ba gz;Gfs;

± jhtu th;f;fj;jpw;F chpj;jhd epwk; fhzg;gl

Ntz;Lk;

± ,iyapd; thpfs; xNu khjphpahf

mike;jpUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

± rhpahd vz;zpf;ifapy; ,iyfs; fhzg;gly;

± nky;ypa mjpf jbg;ghd jz;Lfs;

fhzg;glhik

± mjp ePz;l ,iyfisf; nfhz;l jhtukhf

,y;yhik

± ,iyapd; Edp cyh;e;J fhzg;glhik

± JU Neha;j; njhw;Wf;F cs;shfhj ehw;W

± gf;wPhpah Neha;j; njhw;whj ehw;W

± g+r;rp> gPilj; jhf;fkw;w kw;Wk; fhzg;glhj

fd;Wfs;

± vz;nza; Gs;spfSk;> NtW tifapy;

tpfhukilahj ehw;Wf;fs;

ntl;lg;gl;l nrd;wpahdh ntl;Lj;

Jz;lq;fis Vw;Wkjpf;F Maj;jk;

nra;jy;

gy gbKiwfspy; ,r; nraw;ghL

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;

ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fisj; jug;gLj;jy;

EdpapypUe;J rhpahd cauj;jpy;

milahskpl;L> vy;yh Jz;lq;;fisAk;

ntl;bf; nfhs;sTk;. ,tw;wpd; ntl;LKfk;

tl;lkhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ntl;Lk; NghJ

rhpahd cauj;ijf; nfhz;buhj vy;yh

ehw;Wf;fisAk; mfw;w Ntz;Lk;.

ntl;Lj;Jz;lq;fisf; fOTjy;

nghUj;jkhd gq;fR ehrpdpia ePhpy;

fiuj;J mjpy; ntl;Lj;Jz;lq;fs; fOtg;gLk;.

fOTk; NghJ ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fspw;Fr; Nrjk;

Vw;glhjthW fOt Ntz;Lk;. fOtpa gpd;

,iyf;fDf;fspy; fhzg;gLk; ePiu mfw;wf;

$bathW kpd;rhu tprpwpapd; fPo; tiyahy;

jahhpf;fg;gl;l Nkirapd; Nky; itf;fg;gLk;.

<uj;jd;ik mfd;w gpd; 10 ehw;Wf;fs;

tPjk; xd;whfr; Nrh;j;J nghjp nra;ag;gLk;.

nghjp nra;ag;gLk; NghJk; ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fs;

njhpT nra;ag;gLk;.

10 x 15 r.kP msTfspy; gj;jphpifj;

jhs;fis ntl;b xl;ba ciwfs; nghjp

nra;tjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;. ,tw;wpd;

,U gf;fq;fSk; jpwe;jpUf;Fk;. ,t;Tiwapd;

xU gf;fj;jpy; 10 Jz;lq;fs; tPjk; cl;

nrYj;jg;gLk;. ehw;Wf;fspd; Edp rw;W

ntspapy; njhpAk; tz;zk; ciwapDs; ,l;L

nghjp nra;ag;gLk;.

,jd; gpd; ngl;bfspy; mLf;Fk;

tiu Fsph; miwfspy; itf;fg;gLk;;.

Maj;jk; nra;ag;gl;l ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fs;

15 - 13 ghif nry;rpa]; ntg;gepiyapy;

24 kzpj;jpahyq;fspw;F itj;jpUf;fyhk;;.

itf;fg;gLk;. ,t;thW nghjp nra;ag;gl;l

ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fs; Nth; tplhj ntl;Lj;

Jz;lq;fshf [Un Rooted Cuttings (URC)] Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLk;.

,tw;iw capUs;s jhtukhf

Vw;Wkjp nra;Ak; NghJ fhl;Nghl; ngl;bfs;

gad;gLj;jg;gLk;. thbf;ifahsh;fspd;

Njitiag; nghWj;J ngl;bfspy; nghjp

nra;Ak; Kiw NtWgLk;.

,t;thW nghjp nra;ag;gl;l ngl;bfs;

tpkhd epiyak; tiu Fsp&l;lg;gl;lg;

ngl;bfspy; nfhz;L nry;yg;gLk;.

10


kUj;Jtf; Fzq;fs; epuk;gpa fhl;Lg; gok; nrd;wpahd gaph;r;nra;ifapy;

jhtu ,dg;ngUf;fpfspd; ghtid

(Gug;gNfl;lh;)

tpNrl epiyikfspd; fPo; ntl;Lj;

Jz;lq;fspy; Nth;tpLjiy tpiuTgLj;Jtjw;F

ntg;gkhd $lhuq;fs; (Gug;gNfl;lh;)

gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ,q;F gaph;r;nra;if

Clfkhf kzy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,dg;ngUf;fpapDs; gy nraw;ghLfs;

eilngWfpd;wd. ,tw;wpDs; ntl;Lj;

Jz;lq;fis el Kd; fiwahd;fspw;F

ghpfuzq;fis Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ntl;Lj;

Jz;lq;fis Oasis Jz;lq;fspy; my;yJ njhw;W

ePf;fg;gl;l Jk;G epug;gpa tiyr; rhbfspy; (Net pot) el;L> Nth; tplg;gl;l jz;Lj; Jz;lq;fs;

ngwg;gLk;.

nrd;wpahdh jhtuq;fisf; fj;jhpj;jy;

Gjpjhf KistpLk;; nrd;wpahdh

ghj;jpfspy; fhzg;gLk; Vw;Wkjpf;F nghUj;jkw;w

my;yJ ePz;l ,iyfs; nfhz;l jhtuq;fs;

ntl;b mfw;wg;gLk;. ,J fj;jhpj;jy; vdg;gLk;.

fj;jhpf;Fk; NghJ ,uz;L Nrhb ,iyia tpl;L

fj;jhpf;fg;gLtJld;> ntl;L Kfk; rhpthf

ntl;lg;gLk;. xNu gw;iwapy; gy nrbfis

ntl;Lk; NghJ mtw;wpd; cauq;fSk; NtWgLk;.

fj;jhpf;fhky; jhtuj;ijg; guhkhpf;Fk;

NghJ jhtuq;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpj;J>

jhtuq;fs; xd;iwnahd;W kiwg;gjhy; Vw;gLk;

epoypd; fhuzkhf ,iyfs; ePz;L tsh;e;J>

rha;e;J tpOk;. gy tUlq;fs; nrd;;w gpd;dh; xU

GjhpYs;s jhtuq;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpf;Fk;.

xU Gjhpy; 5 jhtuk; kl;Lk; ,Uf;fj;jf;fjhf

guhkhpj;jhy; rpwg;ghdjhFk;. fj;jhpj;j gpd; gq;fR

ehrpdpnahd;iw ntl;LKfj;jpw;F g+Rtjd; %yk;

ntl;L Kfj;jpy; gq;fR cl;GFtijj; jLf;fyhk;.

gp.[p.Mh;.Nf.tpf;ukNrfu

Muha;r;rp cjtpahsh;

gog; gaph;fs; Muha;r;rp> mgptpUj;jp epWtdk;

n`huiz

Allophylus cobbe (L.)Bl. vd;Dk;

jhtutpaw; ngahpdhy; miof;fg;gLk;

,j;jhtuk; rgpd;NlrpNa (Sapindaceae) jhtuf; FLk;gj;ijr; Nrh;e;jhFk;. jkpopy; ,J

rpWnry;iy my;yJ ngwhFbfha; vdTk;

Mq;fpyj;jpy; Tit berry vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

,yq;iff;Nf chpj;jhd ,j;jhtuj;jpd;

ngahpy; nfhg;Ng (Cobbe) vd;Dk; ghfk;

,yq;ifapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; nfhg;Ng vd;w

,lg;ngaiu mbg;gilahff; nfhz;ljhFk;.

,yq;ifiaj; jtpu ,e;jpahtpy;

rpy gpuNjrq;fspYk;> njd; Mg;gphpf;fhtpYk;>

njd; mnkhpf;fhtpYk; ,k; kuj;ijf; fhz

yhk;. XilfspYk;> ejpf;;fiufspYk; ed;F

tsUk;. 3 - 5 kPw;wh; cauk; tiu tsuf;

$baJ. Gjh;r; nrb Nghy ed;whf tsUk;.

,tw;wpd; ,iyfs; Kf;$w;W ,iyfs;

MFk;. ,iyfspy; nky;ypa kaph;fisf;

11

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 11

rpWnry;iykUj;Jtf; Fzq;fs; epuk;gpa fhl;Lg; gok;

fhzKbAk;. rpW g+f;fshyhd g+e;Jziuf;

nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

G+e;Jzh; 6 - 12 r.kP ePskhf

fhzg;gLtjhy; g+f;fs; ntz;zpwk;

Nghd;w kQ;rs; epwkhff; fhzg;gLk;.

fha; tl;l tbtkhff; fhzg;gLtJld;>

kpsFf; nfhj;ijg; Nghd;W fha;fs;

fhk;GfSld; ,ize;jpUf;Fk;. fha; 0.5 r.kP

tpl;lKilajhFk;. fha;fs; Muk;gj;jpy;

gr;ir epwkhfTk;> gOj;j gpd; nrk;kQ;rs;>

rptg;G epwkhfTk; fhzg;gLk;. goj;jpy; Nfhs

tbthd xU tpijf; fhzg;gLk;.

,j; jhtuj;jpd; ,iy> gl;il> Nth;

vd;gd Njrpa MAh;Ntj kUj;Jtj;jpy;

kUe;jhfg; gad;gLfpd;wJ. ,iyr;rhW tha;

fOTk; jputkhfTk;> rUkj;jpy; Vw;gLk; tL>

Gz;> mhpg;G vd;gtw;wpw;F ,aw;if kUe;jhfg;

gad;gLj;jg;gLk;. ,jd; Nth;> gl;il vd;gd

Rl;l Gz;iz Fzg;gLj;j tpNrlkhf

gad;gLk;. fha;r;ry; kw;Wk;; tapw;Wf;

Nfhshiw Rfg;gLj;Jk; jd;ik tha;e;jJ.

,J xU tdg;gokhf cz;zg;gLfpd;wJ.

goq;fspd; rijg;gFjp Jth;g;Gj; jd;ikAld;

$ba ,dpg;G RitahdJ. tpijia

Rw;wpAs;s rijg;gFjpia cz;l gpd;dh;

tpijfs; mfw;wg;gLk;. czthf fdpfNs

gad;gLk;. ,jd; fha;fis cz;z KbahJ.

,g; goq;fs; Gw;W Nehiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;

jd;ik tha;e;jJ. Kw;fhyj;jpy; kf;fs; ,ij

gokhf cz;lhYk; jw;NghJ ngaiuf; $l

kwe;J tpl;ldh;.

vkJ ehl;bw;Nf chpj;jhd ,g;goj;ij

mope;J Nghfhky; ghJfhg;gJ vkJ

nghWg;ghFk;.

B.gp.[P.mUz arghypj;j

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpah;> Nrthfk>

nghyd;dWit

Mf;fk;

12


Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lj;jpy;

epyf;fliy xU gpujhd gapuhfTk;>

,k;khtl;lj;jpd; gzg; gapuhfTk;

nra;ifgz;zg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ.

,q;F fhyNghfj;jpy; Rkhh; 7>000

Vf;fhpYk;;> rpWNghfj;jpy; Rkhh;

3>000 Vf;fhpYk; epyf;fliy

gaphplg;gLfpd;wJ.

epyf;fliyr; nra;ifiag;

nghWj;j tiu tptrhapfs; vjph;

nfhs;Sk; xU Kf;fpa gpur;rid

mjpfsthd cw;gj;jpr; nrythFk;.

mjhtJ Xh; Vf;fhpy; epyf;fliyiag;

gaphpl Rkhh; 40>000 - 50>000 &gh

tiu nryNtw;gLk;. ,jpy;

ngUk; gFjp njhopyhsh;fspw;Nf

nryNtw;gLfpd;wJ.

vdpDk; mjpfsthd rk;gsj;ijg;

ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; njhopyhsh;fspd;

epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;

13

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 13

cw;gj;jpj; jpwd; $ypf;Nfw;wjhf

,y;yhJ> Fiwe;j kl;lj;jpNyNa

fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jdhy;

tptrhapfs; ngUk; gpur;rpidfis

vjph;Nehf;Ffpd;wdh;.

epyf;fliyr; nra;ifapy;

NfhJ ePf;fy;> eLif nra;jy;>

fisf;fl;Lg;ghL> kz; mizj;jy;>

epyf;fliyia mWtil nra;jy;>

mWtil nra;j epyf;fliyapy;

tpijfis Ntwhf;fy; Mfpa

eltbf;iffspw;Nf mjpfsthd

njhopyhsh;fs; mtrpakhFk;.

,jpy;; epyf;fliy tpij

fis kuj;jpypUe;J Ma;tjw;fhd

nrythf xU 50 fpNyh cug;

ig epiwa epyf;fliy tpi-

jfis Ma;e;J epug;Gtjw;fhd

$ypahf Rkhh; 600.00 &ghit

toq;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW 50

fpNyh grisg; igapy;;

Nghlg;gl;l epyf;fliyiaf; fha

itj;J epWf;Fk; NghJ fpilf;fg;

ngWtJ 30fpNyh epiwAila

fha;e;j epyf;fliyahFk;. vdNt

xU fpNyh fha;e;j epyf;fliyiag;

gpupj;njLg;gjw;F Rkhu; 15 - 20 &gh

nryT Vw;gLfpd;wJ. ,jd; tpisthf

xU Vf;fhpy; fpl;lj;jl;l 800fpNyh

tpisitg; ngWk; xU tptrhap &gh

12>000.00 - 16>000.00 I gphpj;njLf;Fk;

nra;Kiwf;fhfr; nryT nra;fpd;whh;.

epyf;fliyr; nrbapypUe;J

tpijfisg; gphpj;njLg;gjw;F gy

Kiwfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd.

mit tUkhW

ifapdhy; gphpj;njLj;jy;

jbfl;b mbj;jy;

,ae;jpuk; %yk; epyf;fliyiag;

gphpj;njLj;jy;

Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;lthW %d;W

Kiwfspy; epyf;fliyiag;

gphpj;njLj;j NghjpYk;> ,tw;wpy;

kpfTk; nryT Fiwe;j Kiw

,ae;jpuq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp

epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLg;gjhFk;.

vdNt ,ae;jpuq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp

epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLg;gjd;

%yk; nryitf; Fiwf;fyhk;.

,jdhy; epyf;fliyiag; gaphpLk;

tp];jPuzj;ij ,d;Dk; mjpfhpf;f

KbAk;. cw;gj;jp nryT Fiwtjd;

%yk; tptrhapfSk; mjpfsthd

,yhgj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sf;

$bajhf ,Ug;gNjhL> Efh;NthUk;

Fiwe;j tpiyf;F epyf;fliyiag;

ngwf; $bajhapUf;Fk;.

jw;NghJ ,uz;L

tifahd ,ae;jpuq;fs; ghtidapy;

cs;sd. mtw;wpy; xd;W [g;ghd;

ehl;by; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;ljhFk;.

kw;iwaJ ,e;jpahtpy; cw;gj;jp

14


nra;ag;gl;ljhFk;. Ky;iyj;jPT

khtl;l epyf;fliyr;

nra;ifahsh;fs; vjph;Nehf;Fk;

Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l gpur;rpidia

vjph;nfhs;tjw;fhd Xh; cghakhf

,ae;jpuq;fis mwpKfg;gLj;j

ehk; Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhz;Nlhk;.

,jw;fika i[f;fh ( JAICA)

jpl;lj;jpd; cjtpAld; [g;ghdpy;

gad;gLj;jg;gl;l ,ae;jpuq;fs;

Ky;iyj;jPT epiyikf;Nfw;g kPs

tbtikf;fg;gl;L> ,q;F nfhz;L

tug;gl;L mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ld.

,tw;iw Ky;iyj;jPtpy;

mwpKfg;gLj;jpa NghJ

,t;tpae;jpuq;fs; tpidj;jpwdhfj;

njhopw;gl;ld. ,jd; gadhf

If;fpa ehLfs; ];jhgdj;jpd;

czT tptrha epWtdj;jpd;

(FAO) cjtpAld; ehd;F rpy;Y coT

,ae;jpuq;fSld; gad;gLj;jf; $ba

,ae;jpuq;fs; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;L>

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ld. jw;NghJ

ehd;F rf;fu> ,uz;L rf;fu coT

,ae;jpuq;fspd; %yk; njhopw;glf;

$ba epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLf;Fk;

,ae;jpuq;fs; ,k; khtl;lj;jpy;

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;L jw;NghJ

tptrhapfspw;F ed;F Nritahw;wp

tUfpd;wd.

gpLq;fp vLf;fg;gl;l

epyf;fliyj; jhtuq;fis 3 - 4

ehl;fspw;F #upa ntspr;rj;jpy;

cyu tpl;l gpd;dh; nrbapypUe;J

fliyiag; gphpj;njLf;Fk; NghJ

kpfTk; tpiuthfTk;> tpijfSf;Fr;

Nrjk; ,d;wpAk; tpisr;riyg;

ngwf; $bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,t;thW

jhtuq;fs; fhahJ <uypg;ghf cs;s

NghJ epyfliyia Ntwhf;fpdhy;

epyf;fliyfs; cile;J gUg;Gf;fs;

ntsptUtjw;fhd tha;g;Gf;fs;

mjpfkhf cs;sd.

,ae;jpuj;jpd; %yk;

gphpj;njLf;fg;gl; tpijfspd;

KisjpwdpYk; vt;tpjkhd

ghjpg;Gk; Vw;gLtjpy;iy. vdNt

,ae;jpuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp

tpijfisg; gphpj;njLf;Fk; NghJ

tptrhapfspw;F gy ed;ikfs;

fpl;Lk;.

epyf;fliyiag;

gphpj;njLf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpidg;

gad;gLj;JtjpYs;s ed;ikfs;

Xh; Vf;fhpw;fhd cw;gj;jpr;

nryit Rkhh; gj;jhapuk;

(10>000.00) &ghapdhy; Fiwf;ff;

$bajhf ,Uf;Fk;.

Xh; Vf;fhpy; epyf;fliyiag;

gphpj;njLf;f ehd;fhapuk; &gh

NghJkhdjhFk;.

15

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 15

Neu tpiuak; Fiwf;fg;gLk; 1 - 2

kzpj;jpahyq;fspy; Xh; Vf;fhpy; tpi-

sAk;; epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLf;f KbAk;.

epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLf;Fk; NghNj J}

w;wpf; nfhs;sTk; KbAk;.

fhyepiy khw;wj;jpw;F <L nfhLf;ff; $ba

tifapy; mWtilia cyu;e;j epiyapy;

Nkw;nfhs;sf; $bajhf ,Uf;Fk;.

njhopyhsu;fspd; vz;zpf;if FiwAk;; -

,uz;L $ypahl;fs; kl;Lk; NghJkhdJ.

nryT Fiwtjdhy; Njwpa ,yhgk;

mjpfhpf;Fk;.

mjpfsthd epyg;gug;gpy; xUth; epyf;fliy

nra;ifia Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;. ,jdhy;

gaphplg;gLk; tp];jPuzj;ij mjpfhpf;fyhk;.

vdNt epyf;fliyia nrbapypUe;J

gphpj;njLg;gij ,ae;jpuj;jpd; %yk;

Nkw;nfhs;Sk; NghJ nkhj;j cw;gj;jpr; nryT

Fiwtjdhy; epyf;fliyr; nra;ifahsh;fspd;

Njwpa ,yhgk; mjpfhpf;fpd;wJ. vdNt ,e;j

,yhg mjpfhpg;ghdJ epyf;fliyr; nra;if

tp];jPuzj;ij mjpfupf;fr; nra;tjd; Clhf

ehl;bd; epyf;fliyj; Njitiag; G+u;j;jp

nra;tJld;> Vw;Wkjp nra;af; $bajhfTk;

,Uf;Fk;.

jbfl;b mbj;J epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLj;jy;

,ae;jpuq;fspdhy; epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLj;jy;

ehd;F rf;fu coT ,ae;jpuj;jpy; nghUj;jg;gl;l

,ae;jpuj;jhy; epyf;fliyiag; gphpj;njLj;jy;

Mf;fk;

nj.NahNf];tud;>

gpujp khfhz tptrhag; gzpg;ghsh;>

tTdpah

16


taypy; Ntiy nra;ahJ

taypy; ,wq;fhJ

kuzj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;

vypf; fha;r;ry;

mz;ikapy; vdJ ghy;a

ez;gnuhUtiu xUtiu jpBnud rpf;fyhd

xU Neha; thl;baJ. ,e;Nehapdhy;

mtUf;F fha;r;rYld; cly;typ> fhy; typ>

rpWePh; cghij> cztpy; mUtUg;G Nghd;w

gy jhf;fq;fs; Vw;gl;ld. rpfpr;irf;fhf

nrd;w Ntiy fha;r;rYf;Fk;> rhjhuz

rpWePh; cghijf;Fk; rpfpr;ir mspj;jdh;.

Mdhy; %d;W ehl;fspd; gpddh;; fha;r;ry;

mjpfhpj;jJld; cly; eLf;fKk; tpah;itAk;

Vw;gl;L cly; Nrhh;tile;jjhy;; ,uT 10

kzpastpy; itj;jparhiyapy; mDkjpj;jdh;.

Rkhh; vl;L kzpj;jpahyq;fs;;

Nghuhb itj;jpah;fs; ,tiu kPz;Lk;

gioa epiyf;Ff; nfhz;L te;jdh;.

itj;jpa ghpNrhjid mwpf;iffspy;

,tUf;F vypf;fha;r;ry; cUthfp ,Ug;gjhf

cWjp nra;ag;gl;lJ. mth; njhopy;

nra;j ,lj;jpw;fika (kj ];jhgdk;)

mthpw;F vypf;fha;r;ry; tu tha;g;gpy;iy

vd cwtpdh;fs; njhptpj;jdh;. itj;jpah;fs;

,ijg; gw;wp NkYk; Ma;T nra;jjpy;; tzf;f

];jyj;jpYk; ,e;Neha; Vw;gl tha;g;Gz;L vd

njhpa te;jJ.

,q;F ehshe;jk; g+i[f;fhf

gad;gLj;Jk; g+f;fs;> goq;fs; vd;gtw;iw

Xh; ,lj;jpy; Nrh;j;J itj;J kWehs;

mfw;wp tpLth;. vdNt goq;fs; ,Uf;Fk;

,lj;jpw;F vypfs; tu tha;g;Gz;L. ,t;thW

tUk; vypfs; Rk;kh ,Uf;Fkh ? mit

Mq;fhq;Nf rpWePiuf; fopj;J tpLk;. ,r;rpWePh;

ntWq; fhypy; gLk; NghJ mjd; Clhf

vypf;fha;r;riy Vw;gLj;Jk; gw;wPhpahf;fs;

fhy;fspD}lhf clypDw; nrd;Ws;sJ.

tzf;f ];jynkd;gjhy; ghjzpfis

mzptjp;y;iy. vdNt fhy;fspy; rpWePh;

kpjpgLk; NghJ mjd; %yk; gutpajhf

itj;jpah;fs; ek;gpdh;.

Mdhy; ,q;F gyh; ,Ue;jhYk;

,tUf;F kl;Lk; ,e;Neha; Vw;gl VjhtJ

tpNrl fhuzq;fs; cs;sdth vdTk;

Muha;ejdh;. vdJ ez;gNuh kpfTk;

Rj;jkhdth;. ehshe;jk; Fspg;ghh;. clypy;

vt;tpjkhd fhaq;fSk; ,y;iy. Mdhy;

clw; #l;bdhy;; mthpd; fhy;fspy;

ntbg;Gfs; Vw;gl;bUe;jd. rpWePh;

,t;ntbg;Gfspy; gLk; NghJ mjD}lhf

fpUkpfs; cl;nrd;wpUf;fyhk; vdTk;> Neha;

Vw;gl ,J NghJkhdnjdTk; itj;jpah;fs;

Fwpg;gpl;ldh;. ,e;Nehapd; gf;wPhpah cl;nrd;W

miu kzpj;jpahyj;jpy; KO clYf;Fk;

guTk; vd kUj;Jth;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;.

taypy; Ntiy nra;gth;fspw;F

epyg;gz;gLj;jy; njhlf;fk; mWtil

nra;Ak;; tiuahd fhyg; gFjpapy; fhy;fspy;

fhaq;fs;> fPwy;fs; Vw;gLk; NghJ mjD}lhf

gf;wPhpahf;fs; cl;Gfyhk;. NkYk; tay;fspy;

ghjzpfs; ,y;yhJ tpisahLk; NghJk;> GJ

tUl tpisahl;L epfo;Tfspd; NghJ ntWq;

fhYld; elg;gjhYk; gf;wPhpahf;fs; cl;Gf

tha;g;Gz;L.

taypy; Ntiy nra;Ak; NghJ

khj;jpuky;yhJ> Vida gy re;jh;g;gq;fspYk;

gf;wPhpahf;fs; clypw; nry;tjw;fhd

tha;g;Gfs; cs;sjhf itj;jpah;fs;

Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;. cjhuzkhf gpd;tUk;

re;jh;g;gq;fspy; gf;wPhpahf;fs; cl; nry;y

KbAk;.

17

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 17

vt;thW Vw;gLfpd;wJ ?

taypy; Ntiy nra;ahJ

taypy; ,wq;fhJ

kuzj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;

vypf; fha;r;ry;

tPl;Lj;Njhl;lj;jpy;; (NrW> kz;Zld;

fye;j vypr; rpWePh; %yk; gf;;wPhpah

clypw; nry;Yjy;)

ghijapy; fhzg;gLk; Fopfspy; ePh; NrUk;

NghJ

fhhpahya #oypy; ePh; xd;W NrUk;

,lq;fspy;

czT Nkiria ifahy; Jilf;Fk;

NghJ (ntWq; ifahy; Jilf;Fk; NghJ)

Kjy; ehs; gad;gLj;jpa kPd; ntl;Lk;

fl;ilfis mLj;j ehs; Ntiy njhlq;

Kd; ifahy; Rj;jk; nra;Ak; NghJ

(ntWq; ifahy; Jilf;Fk; NghJ)

kuzj;ij cz;lhf;Fk; vypf;fha;r;ry;

Vw;gLk; topfs; gw;wpj; njhpe;J kpfTk;

mtjhdj;Jld; nraw;gly; mtrpakhFk;.

kuzj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; vypf;fha;r;ry;

Neha; Vw;glf; $ba ,lq;fis ,dq; fz;L

mtjhdkhapUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. fl;Liuapd;

Muk;gj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;l Neha; mwpFwpfs;

Njhd;Wk; re;jh;g;gq;fspy;> re;Njfj;jpw;Fwpa

,lq;fspw;F ePq;fs; nrd;wpUg;gpd;; mur

itj;jparhiyia mZfp ,J gw;wpa

tpguq;fis itj;jpahpw;F kiwf;fhJ

Njitahd rpfpr;irfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;.

,g; gf;wPhpahthdJ Kay;> gd;wp>

Ks;sk; ;gd;wp> eha;> Fjpiu> fPhp> khLfs;>

nrk;kwpahL vd;gtw;wpYk; fhzg;glyhk; vdTk;

itj;jpah;fs; njhptpf;fpd;wdh;.

jpU.vd;.gP.rp.j.rpy;th

Xa;Tepiy Nkyjpf tptrhag; gzpg;ghsh; tphpthf;fk;

tptrhaj; jpizf;fsk;>

Nguhjid

18


rik ay;

,sk; frl;ilf; fhapypUe;J

Ritahd czTfs;

,sk; frl;ilapypUe;J gy;NtW

tifahd Ritahd czTg; nghUl;fisr;

rikf;fyhk;. mtw;wpw; rpytw;iw ,t;tpjopy;

jUfpd;;Nwhk;.

,sk; frl;ilf; fha; fwp

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

frl;il gpQ;R - 250 fpuhk;

gyhf;nfhl;il - 200 fpuhk;

ePh; - 1½ Nfhg;ig

Njq;fha;g;ghy; - 1½ Nfhg;ig

kpsfha;j; J}s; - Njitahd msT

tWj;j ruf;Fj; J}s; - Njitahd msT

nghpa ntq;fhak; - 1

gr;irkpsfha; - 2 - 3

fwpNtg;gpiy> uk;ig

kQ;rs;> Njitahd msT cg;G

nra;Kiw

frl;ilf; fha;fis Rj;jk; nra;J> mjid

mtpj;J jz;zPiu tbj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. gpd;

mtw;wpw;F kpsfha; J}s;> cg;G> kQ;rs;> nghpa

ntq;fhak;> uk;ig> fUNtg;gpiy vd;gtw;iwr;

Nrh;j;J ed;whf fye;J itj;J nfhs;sTk;.

ed;whf Kw;wpa gyhf;nfhl;ilfis ehd;fhf

gpse;J Njhiy mfw;wp rpwpJ ePh; Nrh;j;J

mtpj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. gyhf;nfhl;il mtpe;J

tUk; NghJ fye;J itj;jpUf;Fk; frl;il

f;fha;fis ,jpy; Nrh;j;J Njq;fha;g;ghy;

tpl;L ed;F rikj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. ,Wjpapy;

ruf;Fj; J}s; Nrh;j;J fpswp #lhf;fp ,wf;fTk;.

Njit vdpd; jhspj;Jf; nfhs;sTk; KbAk;.

frl;ilf; fha; Rz;ly;

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

frl;il - 250 fpuhk;

gyhf;nfhl;il - 200 fpuhk;

ePh; - 1½ Nfhg;ig

nghpa ntq;fhak; - 1

Njq;fha tWty; - rpwpjsT

gr;ir kpsfha; - 2 - 3

fha;e;j kpsfha; - rpwpjsT

g+z;L gy; - 3

fLF - Njitahd msT

fUNtg;gpiy> uk;ig - Njitahd msT

kQ;rs;> cg;G - Njitahd msT

19

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 19

nra;Kiw

frl;il fha;fspd; fPo;Gwk; ePl;bf;

nfhz;bUf;Fk; gFjpfis Rj;jk; nra;J

ed;whf fOtp gpd; ed;whf ntl;bf; nfhs;sTk;.

ePhpy; rpwpJ kQ;rs; Nrh;e;J nfhjpf;f tpl;L

nfhjpf;Fk; Ntis fha;fis Nrh;j;J mtpj;Jf;

nfhs;sTk;.gpd; ePiu tba tplTk;.

,d;ndhU ghj;jpuj;jpy; ePh;

Nrh;j;J gyhf;nfhl;ilfis mtpj;Jf;

nfhs;sTk;. nte;J tUk; Ntis mtpj;j

frl;ilf;;fha;fis Nrh;j;J xd;whf fpswTk;.

ntq;fhak;> gr;ir kpsfha;> g+z;L vd;gtw;iw

Njq;fhAld; Nrh;j;J krpj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. gpd;

,f;fyitia fpswpa fyitapy; Nrh;j;J

Rz;bf; nfhs;sTk;. gpd; rpwpjsT vz;nzia

mLg;gpy; itj;J fLF> fUNtg;gpiy> nrj;jy;

kpsfha; Nrh;j;Jj; jhspj;J fyitia

jahhpj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. Ritahd frl;ilr;

Rz;ly; jahh;.

Mf;fk;:

Mh;.gP.v];.Nf.Nf.uj;dkyy

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpia

G+q;fdpapay; Muha;r;rp mgptpUj;jp epWtdk;

fd;ndhWit

kuts;sp> NghPr;rk;go Nff;

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

• kuts;sp JUty; 1½ fpNyh• rPdp 250 fpuhk;

• kh[hpd; 500 fpuhk;

• NghPr;rk; gok; 1 fpNyh

• fl;bg; ghy; (hpd; ghy;) 2 hpd;

(2 x 379 fpuhk;)• gpsk;]; 100 fpuhk;

• rpwpjhf ntl;ba f[_ 250 fpuhk;

• mg;gr; Nrhlh 1 Njf;fuz;b

• Ngfpq; gTlh; 2 Nk.fuz;b

• rhjpf;fha; J}s; 1 Nj.fuz;b

• ntdpyh 2 Nk.fuz;b

• Njapiyr; rhak; 1 lk;sh;

nra;if Kiw

NghPr;rk; goj;ij Jg;guT nra;J fOtp

tpijfis mfw;wp rpW rpW Jz;Lfshf

ntl;b ghj;jpuj;jpypl;L xU Njf;fuz;b

mg;gr; Nrhlh> Njapiyr; rhak;

vd;gtw;iwf; fye;J 6 kzpj;jpahyk;

tiu %b itf;fTk;.

kuts;sp JUtiy gpspe;J rhw;iw

20


nra;Kiw

kuts;sp fpoq;F JUty;> Cwitj;J

miuj;j cOe;J> Njq;fha;g;g+> gr;ir kps-

fha;> ntq;fhak;> cg;G> ngUk; rPuf J}

s;> vd;gtw;iwr; Nrh;j;Jg; gpire;J rpW>

rpW cUz;ilfshf cUl;b til Nghy;

eLtpy; Jthukpl;L nfhjpf;Fk; vz;nzapy;

,l;L nghwpj;J vLf;fTk;.

Nrhs kh gp];fl;

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

Nrhs kh ¼ fpNyh

rPdp 100 fpuhk;

ghy; kh 2 Nk.fuz;b epug;gp

ePh; 4 Nk.fuz;b

kh[hpd; 100 fpuhk;

eWf;fpa fr;rhd; 50 fpuhk;

kh[hpd; 1 Njf;fuz;b

(jl;Lf;F g+Rtjw;F)

ntdpyh 1 Nk.fuz;b

mfw;wp J}h;itahf;fp xU ghj;jpuj;jpy;

itf;fTk;.

xU ghj;jpuj;jpy; kh[hpd;> rPdp Nrh;j;J

rPdp ed;F fiuAk; tiu mbf;fTk;.

gpd; mjDs; hpd; ghiyAk; ,l;L

ed;F mbf;fTk;.

NghPr;rk; gok;> Ngfpq; gTlh;> gpsk;];>

f[_> rhjpf;fha; J}s;> ntdpyh

vd;gtw;iw Nkw;$wpa fyitAld;

Nrh;j;J ed;F fye;J Nff; jl;by;

kh[hpd; g+rpa oil paper vz;nza;

fljhrpia ,l;L fyitia mjDs;

Cw;wp rkg;gLj;jp Ngf; nra;J Mwpa

gpd;G Jz;Lfshf ntl;b ghpkhwTk;.

(1 ½x 1½ mq;Fyk; msthd 50 - 55

Jz;Lfs; tiu ngw KbAk;)

kuts;sp fpoq;F til

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

kuts;sp fpoq;Fj; JUty; 1 Nfhg;ig

Cw itj;J miuj;j cOe;J 1 Nfhg;ig

Njq;fha;g; g+ 1 Nfhg;ig

gr;ir kpsfha; 1 Nk.f eWf;fpaJ

ntq;fhak; 2 Nk.f eWf;fpaJ

fwpNtg;gpiy 1 Nk.f eWf;fpaJ

ngUk; rPuf J}s; 1 Nk.f

vz;nza; ½ yPw;wh; cg;G msTf;F

21

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 21

nra;Kiw

• Nrhs khit mhpj;njLf;fTk;

• kh[hpd;> rPdp Nrh;j;J ed;whf NrUk;

tiu mbf;fTk;.

• ghy;kh> ePh; Nrh;j;J fiuf;fTk;.

• gpd; ghy; kh fiuriy kh[hpd;

fiurYld; Nrh;j;J ed;whf

mbf;fTk;.

• Nrhs khit rpwpJ rpwpjhf

,jDs; J}tp> fye;J fr;rhd;

gUg;igAk; ntdpyhitAk; Nrh;j;J

fyf;fp ed;F gpire;J XusT

cUz;ilfshf vLj;J jl;ilahf

jl;b vz;nza; g+rpa jl;by; itj;J

1 kzp Neuk; Ngf; gz;zTk;. (150

ghif nry;rpa]py; ntg;gepiyapy;)

nfsgP jl;il til

Njitahd nghUl;fs;

nfsgP ¼ fpNyh

mtpj;j NfhJik kh ¼ Rz;L

gr;ir NfhJik kh ¼ Rz;L

jdp kpsfha; J}s; 2 Nk.fuz;b

fwpNtg;gpiy (eWf;fpaJ) 1 Nk.fuz;b

ng.rPufk; 1 Nk.fuz;b

kQ;rs; J}s; ½ Nj.fuz;b

cg;G Nj.msT

Njq;fha; vz;nza; ½ Nghj;jy;Njq;fha; vz;nza; 1 Nk.fuz;b

(g+Rtjw;F)

nra;Kiw

• nfsgpia Jg;guT nra;J NfhJ ePf;fp

ghjpahf;fp 2 kzp Neuk; Cw tplTk;.

• NfhJik kh> kpsfha; J}s;>

fwpNtg;gpiy> ng.rPufk;> cg;G>

kQ;rs; J}s; vd;gtw;Wld; ePh;

mfw;wpa nfsgpia Nrh;j;J ifapy;

xl;lhj gjj;jpw;F gpire;J rk msT

cUz;ilfshf gpbj;J (50 - 60

cUz;ilfs;) tl;l tbtkhf jl;b>

vz;nzapy; nghwpj;J vLf;fTk;.

22


ghj;jpuq;fs; - mg;G> kfs;> tprp> khyh

mg;G : (cuj;j Fuypy;) Vd; ,e;jg; nghb ,g;gpbf; fj;jpJ. grp Nghy

kfs; : k;… ,th; gps;isf;F Nkyhf rj;jk;. nfhQ;rk; Kd;dhNy jhNd gp];fl; jPj;jpdJ.

tprp : kj;jpahdk; ehd; nrhd;d mstpy; rPhpay; nfhLj;jjh? ggh KOf;fr; rhg;gpl;ltNu?

tprp : Xk; mk;kh. rPhpay; KOtJk; kpr;rk; tplhky; jPj;jpddhd;.

mg;G: k;…,ttpd;iu rPhpaYk; gp];fl;Lk;…(ngU%r;Rld;) ,e;j tajpy; ,tSf;F ehq;f

nfhLj;j rhg;ghL! vd;il nghd;dp> nghhpr;rhprp kh vd;d cOj;jk;kh fsp vd;d …k;…vg;gbg; gps;isais tsj;jts;….

kfs; : rhp..rhp..gok; Guhzk; gbf;fj; njhlq;fhjPq;Nfh. mk;kh vd;d Ntiyf;F

NghdtNt? ehs; KOtJk; mLg;gbf;Nf rPtpak; ghh;j;j khjphp

vq;fSf;F KbANk! ,e;j rdpf;fpoik vg;gbAk; xUf;fh

iry;l; ];ngryp];l; fhl;l NtZk;. %j;jtDk; tFg;gpy;

Nrhk;gpr; nrhk;gp ,Uf;fpwhdhk;. gioa cw;rhfKk;

,y;iyahk; vd Br;rh; nrhd;dth.

mg;G : ,dp Ml;Nlh> fpspdpf;F> me;j nl];;l;L> ,e;j

nl];l;L vd;W Mapuf;fzf;fpy; Jz;L tpOk;.

Rfk; vd;dNth njhpahJ.

kfs; : mg;G nfhQ;rk; Ngrhky; ,Uf;fpwpaNs. ehd;

vd;d Ntz;Lkz;Nl nrytopf;fpwd;. nghd

fpoik rk;gsk; vLj;j clNd rPhpay;> R+g;>

gp];fl; …gf;fl;Lfs; vd;W xU khjj;jpw;F

Njitahd vy;yhk; ];nlhf; gz;zpg;

Nghl;ld;. gps;isapz;l rhg;ghl;by; vd;d

Fiw itf;fpwd;.

mg;G : Mk;gpisg; gps;isf;F ,e;j rPhpay; fhZNk

Foe;ijfspd; Nghrhf;if tsg;gLj;JNthk;(Xuq;f ehlfk;)

23

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 23

khyh : vd;d rPhpay; fij elf;FJ. ve;j ehlfj;ijg; gw;wpf; fijf;fpwpay; jfg;gDk;

kfSk;.

mg;G : ehlfNkh?...,Q;ir nra;jp Neuk; $l NwbNah Nghl topapy;yhky; nghb

fj;jpJ. ehlfk; ghj;j khjphpjhd;.

kfs; : th khyh. ey;y Neuk; te;jha;. mz;izait mg;Gitf; nfhz;L te;J

nfhOk;gpy; itr;rpU> ehq;fs; ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;L Nghf NyR vz;L.. ehd;

,tNuhil gh;w ghL.

mg;G : vb gps;is khyh> cijf; Nfs;! ngb ve;NeuKk; fj;jpagb….ce;jg; gps;is

tprpAk; VNjh Ngzpiaj; jpwe;J rPhpaiyf; fyf;fpf; nfhLf;fpwhs;. gp];fl;il

khg;ghy;y Cwtpl;L nfhLf;fpwhs;> mg;g…Vd; ,e;jg; gps;is mbf;fb mOFJ.

xOq;fh epj;jpiuAk; nfhs;whdpy;iy. Mk;gpisf; Fl;bapy;Ny. vd;il

nghd;dpAk; ,itais… vd;d xd;buz;Nl 8 ,y;Ny ngj;J tsh;j;jts;. xz;L

,Lg;gpiy mLj;jij tapj;jpiy Rkg;ghs;….k;…mj;Njhl tPl;L Ntiyas; vd;l

Njhl;l Ntiy…$l khl xj;jhir….k;… me;jf; fhyk; Nghr;R….

khyh : khkh nghWq;Nfh> nghWq;Nfh. vdf;F tprak; tpsq;FJ.

ePq;fs; ,e;jg; Ngg;giug; gpbAq;nfh. typfhkr; rdj;ij

vq;NfNahg; gjpal;lhk;. mij xOq;fh ghUq;Nfh.

mg;G : mg;gbNa Gs;is> Jh;f;if Mr;rp….vq;fSf;F

xU topfhl;L. tprp vd;iu fz;zhbf; $l;il vL

gps;is.

kfs; : khyh> ,e;jh ,e;j [_irf; Fb. vdf;F

fpr;rdpy; nfhQ;rk; Ntiy ,Uf;F.. th ,uz;L

NgUk; MWjyhf fijr;Rk; fdehs;.

khyh : Xkg;gh> ehd; vg;gbAk; 3 - 4

ehisf;nfhUf;fhj; jd;Dk; vl;b khkhNthl

fij Nfl;bl;Lj; jhd; Nghwdhd;. cdf;F Xth;

ilk; Ntiy ,Uf;fpwjhy fhiyapiyAk; rhp

gpd;Nduj;jpYk; fhz Kbapwjpy;iy.

kfs; : Xk; khyh ,e;j Xth; ilk;

,y;yhl;b tPl;Lr; nryT> fuz;l; gpy;> fh]; gpy;>

24


gps;isapd;iw gs;spf;$lr;; nryTfs;….vy;yhk; ,uz;L Nghpz;il rk;gsj;jpy; vd;lhy;

vg;gbr; rkhspf;fpwJ.

khyh : Xk; Xk; ,e;jf; fhyk; vy;yhg; nghUl;fSk; tpiy jhNd.

kfs; : mjpfkhf ,uTr; rhg;ghL ghh;ry; jhd; vLf;fpwJ. %j;jtDk; irdP]; rhg;ghL tpUk;gpr;

rhg;gpLthd;. mg;Gtpw;F fhiyr; rhg;ghl;by; vLj;J itf;fpwJ. ,y;yhl;b ,e;j ];Nlrd;

Nwhl;by; ,bag;gk; thq;fpwJ. mth; vy;yhj;Jf;Fk; GWGWg;Gj;jhd;.

khyh : Rk;kh rypf;f Ntz;lhk;. ePh; ,e;j rPhpay; gp];fl;il tpl;bl;L fsp> #g; vz;L FLj;jhy;

gps;isf;F grpjhq;Fk;. ey;y rj;Jk;.

kfs; : fsp….vd;why; ehd; fpz;bwjpy;iy jhd; Mdh #g; gf;nfl; fyf;fp FLf;fpwdhd;.

Mdh mtd; mt;tsT tpUk;gpf; Fbf;fpNwy;y. cs;sijr; nrhd;dh vd;d vdf;Fk;

mJ mt;tsT gpbf;fpNwy;y. ,g;g gps;is kpr;rk; tpl;lh Cj;jpwJ jhd;. rj;Jjhd;

vd;d nra;apwJ. cSj;jk; fsp vd;why; thrKk; Nl];Lk; jhd;.

khyh : cJjhd; tprak;. ePh; ehd; nrhd;d khjphp rhg;ghl;Lg; nghUs;fis Maj;jg;gLj;jp

itAk;. mjpy fsp vd;d gpl;L> ,bag;gk;> Gbq; vJTk; nra;ayhk;. gps;isf;Fk;

ey;y rj;J> tPl;bNyNa cSj;jk;kh> gaw;wk; kh> Nrhah kh>

nghhpr;rhprp kh> Nrhs kh jahhpj;J NtWNtwhf itf;f

NtZk;. Njitf;Nfw;whw;Nghy fye;J nra;ayhk;.

kfs; : mk;kp> Fstp ,Ue;Nj ghtpf;fpwJ FiwT> ,e;j

cOe;J> gaW jphpf;f jphpiff;F vq;if NghwJ.

khyh : mnjy;yhk; Njitapy;iy. ey;y nts;is

KO cOe;ij thq;fp lg;ngd;W jz;zpapy

Nghl;l xUf;fh fOtp vLj;J ey;y ntapypy;

fhatpLk;. mJNghy gaWk; thq;fp fy; mhpj;J

fOtp fhatpLk;. cq;fSf;nfd;d ,uz;L

gf;fKk; gy;fdp ey;y ntapy; tpOk;. fha;Q;r

cOe;ij mg;gbNa ey;yh rptf;f tWj;njLk;.

thapy; fbj;Jg; ghh;f;f gjk; njhpAk;. vq;fil

mk;khit khjphp gaW jphpj;J…Fj;jp…jPl;b

vLf;fpNwy;y. mg;gbNa kpy;ypy nfhLj;J khthf;fp

vLf;fpwJjhd;.

25

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 25

kfs; : X…….,J Nyrhd Ntiyjhd;. gaW NfhJ xz;Lk; nra;ahNjh?

khyh : rPr;rP mJkhthg; NghFk;. mj;Njhl gaw;wk; NfhJ jhd; rj;J.

kfs; : nghhpr;rhprp kh vdf;Fj; njhpAk;. mk;kh vq;fSf;F rpd;ddpy; Njq;fha;g; g+ Nrh;j;J rPdp

fye;J gpbr;Rj; jhwt.

khyh : X..ey;y Fj;jhprpia> fz;lgb gpire;J fOthky; xUf;fh fOtp mhprp %Lkstpw;F

jz;zpapy; Cwtpl Ntz;Lk;.

kfs; : mij tutpl;L jhr;rpapy; Nghl;L tWf;f NtZk;. mhprp ntbr;rJk; nghhpah tUk;

vd;d?

khyh : Xkg;gh rhpahfr; nrhd;dha;. #l;Nlhl jphpr;R vLf;fpwJ jhNd. rhp ,e;jr;; Nrhs khitg;

ghh;g;Nghk;.

kfs; : Nrhs kh tpf;FNj filapy;.

khyh : ,e;j Klf;F filapy; Nrhsk; tpf;FJ. mijf; fOtp fha itr;R fy; mhpf;NfhZk;.

vd;d…kpy;ypy; nfhLj;J jphpr;rh rhp. Kf;fpak; jphpr;r khit nky;y mhpf;f NtZk;.

fz;lgb gpd;diw Ml;b mhpr;rh ckp khNthl $l tUk;. rhpNah. ,e;j Nrhskhjhd;

khthf;f nfhQ;rk; nkdf;fl NtZk;. mJ ehd; tprpf;F xU ehisf;F fhiyapy;

te;J nrhy;wd; rhpNah.

kfs; : ,e;j kh tifia $lf; Fiwa nra;J tr;rh tz;L> g+r;rp GO tuh

Nj.

khyh : vg;gTk; khtifia Ngzp Nghj;jypy; Nghl;L itf;f

Kjy; nfhs;fydpd; mbapy; 4 - 5 fha;e;j nrj;jy; kps-

fha; ,y;yhl;b xU gpb Ntg;gpiy gutp khitg; Nghl;L

itAq;Nfhtd;. g+r;rp> tz;L xz;Lk; tuhJ.

kfs; : mg;g ehDk; fhyk Ng];hpf;Fg; gjpyh ,ijr;

rhg;gpl;Lg; Nghfyhk;.

khyh : Xkg;gh ckf;nfd;d tprpAk; cjtpf;F ,Uf;F.

nghpa NtiyNa. mhprpg; nghhp kh xU fg;> Nrhskh>

cOj;jk;kh> gaj;jk; kh %z;Lk; Nrh;j;J xU fg; vLk;. ,g;g

26


kh vy;yhk; ,uz;L fg;. xU ¾ fg; rPdpia vLj;J mij ,e;j khtiffNshl fye;J

itf;f Ntz;Lk;. 2 fg; jz;zpia vLj;J nfhjpf;f itj;J ,e;j kh fyitia

nfhl;b fpz;b vLf;f NtZk;. fuz;bahy; gps;isf;F vLj;Jj; jPj;jf;$ba gjj;jpy;

,Uf;f NtZk;. ,Wf;fkhfpdhy; nfhQ;rk; RLjz;zp Cj;jpf; fpsu Ntz;Lk;. ey;y

RitAk; gps;isAk; tpUk;gpr; rhg;gpLthd;.

kfs; : xU nrhl;L ntdpyhTk; Nrh;j;jh ,d;Dk; ey;yh ,Uf;Fk; vd;d?

khyh : ghh;j;jPuh. ,g;gpb fphpNal;bt; Mf nra;a NtZk;. ,g;g Foe;ijfSf;Ff; $l

tpjtpjkh czT Kiwapid khw;wp khw;wp nra;jhj;jhd; tpUk;gpr; rhg;gpLq;fs;.

gps;isas; rhg;gpl;lh vq;fSf;F vt;tsT re;Njhrk; nrhy;Yk; ghh;g;gk;.

kfs; : mJ jhdg;gh. vdf;F vij Ntz;bf; nfhLj;jhYk; ,Jfs; rhg;gpltpy;iy vd;lhy;

nghpa kdj;jhq;fy;. xgPrpYk; Ntiy XlhJ. mg;GTk; ,e;jg; gps;isfs; rhpahr;

rhg;gplhl;b GWGWg;Gjhd;.

khyh : mJ rhpjhNd. ,jtpl ,d;Dk; rpy Kiw ,Uf;F. ehq;fs; fspia fpz;bwnky;Nyh

mj;NjhL xU Jz;L khk;gok; my;yJ gg;ghrpg; gok;> thiog;gok; ey;yh krpj;Jg;

Nghl;L ,e;jf; fspapy; nfhQ;rk; Nrh;j;Jf; nfhLf;f gps;isfs; rg;Gf; nfhl;bf;

nfhz;L rhg;gpLq;fs;. goq;fs; kl;LNk xU

Jz;L g+rzpf;fha; mtpj;J> xU tj;jhisf;

fpoq;Fj; Jz;L mtpj;J krpj;jJk; Nrh;j;Jf;

fspiaf; nfhLj;Jg; ghUk;. vg;gbf;

Foe;ijas; rhg;gpLk; vd;W ,jdhy;

ghUk; vt;tsT caph;r; rj;Jf;fs;

gps;isf;F NrUJ vz;L.

kfs; : ehisf;F rdpf;fpoik jhNd. Kjy;

Ntiy ,tiu gps;isaisf; nfhz;L

flw;fiuf;F Nghq;Nfh vd;W mDg;gpg;

Nghl;L ,e;j khit vy;yhk; jahhpg;gJ

jhd;.

khyh : ghh;j;jPuh fsj;jpy; ,wq;fpl;Bh;. ,g;g

vdf;Fj; je;j [_irj; jhNd

gps;isfSf;Fk; nfhLj;jdPh;?

27

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 27

kfs; : Xkg;gh mJ khjk; ehY nghpa fz;zhb Nghj;jy; thq;fp itj;JtpLNtd;.

khyh : mJ rhp. ,dp ,e;j cld; ghd Nghj;jy;fis thq;fhky; ey;y nfhbj; Njhil>

ehuj;ij> Njrpf;fha;> md;dhrp Nghy vq;fil Ch;g; goq;fis kpf;rpapy; mbj;J [_];

nfhLk;. vg;gpb Fbg;gpdk; vd;W ghUkd;. vq;fil ChpNy fpilf;fhj rj;Js;s czTg;

nghUl;fs; ntspapy; vq;ff; fplf;F. mJjhd; ,e;j ntspehl;Lf; fhuh; Xb tUfpdk;

vq;fl ehl;ilAk; ghh;f;f ,e;j goq;fisAk; rhg;gpl. rhp ehDk; ntspf;fpl NtZk;

fpsh]; My kfSk; te;jpUg;gh..Nghf NtZk;. mg;g thwd;.

kfs; : nghpa MWjy;> ,e;j rdp> QhapW xU ,lKk; Nghwy;y. ,e;j kh vy;yhk; jahh;

gz;zp itf;fpwJ jhd; Ntiy.

khyh : khkh mg;g ehd; tul;Nl.. vd;d khjphp fhyik ,iyf; fQ;rp Fbf;fpw ePq;fNsh..

mg;G : Xkb gps;is Xk;. ,g;g vdf;F me;jj; njhz;il fufug;G> neQ;rpy; rsp gpbf;fpw

Fzk; xz;Lk; ,y;iy. tprp ftdk;. ehDk; mtSk; fhyk mJjhd; Fbf;fpwJ.

khyh : tprp me;j ,iyr;rhW vLf;Nff;f ,Jy ,uz;L fuz;b vLj;J mk;kh fpz;bw fspf;Fr;

Nrh;f;fr; nrhy;Yq;Nfh… Foe;ijf;F Njhy; fz; vy;yhk; gsgsg;ghf tUk;.

mg;G : X… ,g;g fsp fpz;lg; Nghwh mg;g ,dp ,e;jr; rPhpaiy tpl;bl;L gps;isf;F

fspiaj; jPj;jpg;Nghl;L mg;g ehq;fs; rPhpay; ehlfk; ghf;fyhk;. nkj;jr; re;Njhrk;.

cs;Sh; czTg; nghUl;fs; rj;J epiwe;jit. fyg;glkw;wit. ,urhadg; nghUl;fspd; Nrh;f;if

mw;wit. Foe;ijfs; ,yFtpy; nkd;W cz;zf;$bait. gy tpjj;jpy; RitAld;

jahhpg;gjhy; ey;y gyd; fpilf;Fk;. jhdpaq;fs; Nghd;Nw goq;fs;> fpoq;F tiffs;> fPiufs;

Nghd;witAk; rj;J epiwe;jit. ,jdhy; Foe;ijfs; rPuhd tsh;r;rp miltJ Neha;fs;

mz;lhkYk; NehapypUe;J ghJfhg;Gg; ngWfpd;wdh;. MfNt

cs;Sh; cw;gj;jpg; nghUl;fspy; czitj; jahh; nra;J

epiwe;j gyidg; ngWNthkhf.

(fUg;nghUs; - Foe;ijg; Ngh\hf;F>

Foe;ijf;fhd Njrpa cw;gj;jp cs;@h; czT

jahhpg;G)

Mf;fk;: jpUkjp.mUe;jjp Nty;rptehjd;> tphpTiuahsh;>

gz;iz xypgug;Gr; Nrit>

nfhOk;G - 5

28


JsrpahdJ njhd;W njhl;L ,e;J

kjj;Jld; gpd;dpg; gpize;jnjhU

nrbahFk;. ,J nja;tPf jd;ik

nghUe;jpajhf ek;gg;gLtjhy;

tPLfspd; Kw;wj;jpy; khlk; mikj;J

tsh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. mj;Jld; ,J kUj;Jt

Fzk; nghUe;jpa nja;tPf %ypifahfTk;

fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

nghJthd ,ay;Gfs;

FLk;gk; - Lamnceae

jhtutpaw; ngah; - Ocimum sanctum L.

nghJg; ngah; - Jsrp

,yq;if> ,e;jpah cl;gl

njd; fpof;fhrpa ehLfspy;

,ijg; nghJthff;

fhz KbAk;.

,J nrb tifiar;

Nrh;e;jjhFk;. Njapiyr; nrbiag;

Nghd;W fj;jhpf;Fk; NghJ ed;F

glh;e;J tsUk;. ,iyfs; ePs;tl;l

tbthdJ. g+f;fs; - G+e;Jzhpy;

cUthFk;. Cjh epwkhd g+f;fs;

G+e;Jzh;fspy; jdpj;jdpahf ,ize;J

fhzg;gLk;. ,q;F jd; kfue;jr;

Nrh;f;if mile;J tpijfs; cUth

Fk;. tpijfs; fLifg; Nghd;W

rpwpaJ. tpij %yKk; ntl;Lj;

Jz;lk; %yKk; ,dg;ngUf;fk;

milAk;.

Jsrpapy; ,U tif fhzg;gLk;.

mitahtd>

ehty; epwkhd fpU\;z Jsrp

gr;ir epwkhd ,uhk Jsrp

my;yJ Rth;z Jsrp

,it ,uz;bYk; fpU\;z

JsrpNa kUj;Jt Fzk; epiwe;jJ.

,ij tpl fhl;Lj; Jsrp th;f;fq;fSk;

cz;L. ,it eha; Jsrp vdg;gLk;.

Jsrpapd; gad;fs;

epy moFgLj;jypy; Xh; moFj;

jhtukhf tsh;f;fg; gad;gLk;

Jsrp

29

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 29

,e;J rka topghl;by; xU Gdpj

jhtukhfg; Nghw;wg;gLfpd;wJ.

rpj;j kUe;jhf gad;gLfpd;wJ.

JsrpahdJ gRikahf mof-

hd kyh;fSld; glh;e;J tsuf;$ba

jhtukhFk;. vdNt tPl;bd; Kd;

mofpw;fhf tsh;f;fg;gLk; FWfpa

fhyj;jpy; glh;e;J tsh;e;J g+f;Fk;

,ay;GilaJ.

,e;Jf;fs; Jsrpapy;

k`htp\;ZTk;> k`hyf;\;kpAk;

thrk; nra;tjhf ek;Gfpd;wdh;.

vdNt tPl;bd; Kw;wj;jpy;

khlk; mikj;J mjpy;

Jsrpia el;L g+ir

nra;J topgLfpd;wdh;.

Jsrp ,iy> Jsrp khiy

vd;gd ,iwtDf;F

rhj;jp g+[pg;gjw;F rpwe;jJ.

,e;J rka topghl;by; Jsrp

Kf;fpa ,lj;ijg; gpbf;fpwJ.

,ij topgLtjhy; Neha;

nehb jPh;e;J k`hyf;\;kp

flhl;rk; ngw;W thoy-

hk; vd;gJ ,e;Jf;fspd;

ek;gpf;ifahFk;.

rpj;j kUj;Jtj;jpy;

gy Neha;fisj; jPh;f;Fk;

nja;tPf %ypiffspy;

xd;whf Jsrp ek;gg;gLfpwJ.

,jw;Fg; gy Neha;fisj;

jPh;f;Fk; ,ay;G fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,jak;>

rpWePuff; fw;fs;> rypj; njhy;iy>

Njhy; Neha;fs;> tapw;Wf; Nfhsh-

Wfs;> jiytyp Nghd;w cghijfSf;F

rpj;j kUj;Jtj;jpy; kUe;jhf Jsrp

gad;gLfpwJ. ,jd; ,iy> g+

Nghd;wtw;wpy; ,Ue;J ,e;Neha;fSf;F

mhp\;lk;> ghzp tif> J}s; tif

vd;gd jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ. mj;Jld; Jsrp

,iyiaf; fha itj;J nghb nra;J

Jsrp NjdPh; ghdk; jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

mj;Jld; fhl;Lj; Jsrp th;f;fq;fs;

Esk;Gf; nfhy;ypahfTk; nry;yg;

gpuhzpapd; xl;Lz;zpia jLg;gjw;Fk;

cgNahfg;gLfpwJ. (J}s; - Esk;gpw;Fg;

Gifapl> rhW - xl;Lz;zpf; nfhy;ypahfg;

gad;gLk;)

Jsrp eLifr; nra;jy;

Jsrpia tpij %yKk; ntl;Lj;

Jz;lk; %yKk; ,dg;ngUf;f KbAk;.

mj;Jld; rhbfspyk; jiuapYk; eLifr;

nra;ayhk;.

tpij %yk; ehw;Wf;fis

cw;gj;jp nra;jy;

fha;e;j G+e;Jziug; gwpj;J

ifapdhy; tpijfis Ntwhf;fp tpi-

jfisg; ngw;wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. gpd;

Nrjdg; gris epiwe;j kz;iz rhbf-

spy; epug;gp mjpy; tpijfisg; gutyhf

tpijf;f KbAk;.

30


ntl;lj; Jz;lq;fs; %yk;

ehw;Wf;fis cw;gj;jp nra;jy;

5 - 6 ,iyfs; fhzg;gLk;

ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fisg; ngw;W ePh; cs;s

xU fz;zhbf; Ftisapy; my;yJ

Nghj;jy;fspy; mbg;gFjp eidAk; gb

itj;J Nth; tpl;l gpd; eLif nra;ayhk;.

eLif nra;jy;

nghpa g+r;rhbfs;> gPg;gha;fs;> cug;

igfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; Nrjdg; grisfs;

nfhz;l kz;iz epug;gp mjpy; eLif

nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;. tpijf; fd;Wfs;

vdpd; 5 - 6 ,iyfisf; nfhz;l

ehw;Wf;fs; eLif nra;a nghUj;jkhdit

MFk;.

ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fis eLtjhapd;

Nth;tpl;l ntl;Lj; Jz;lq;fis Nth;

tpLtijj; J}z;Lk; VjhtJ Xh; XNkhdpy;;

ghpfhpj;J eLif nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

jiuapy; eLifr; nra;tjhapd;

ed;F ePh; tbg;Gs;s Nrjdg; gris epiwe;j

,lj;jpy; rpwpa Fopiaj; jahhpj;J mjpy;

eLif nra;ayhk;.

rpj;j kUj;Jt fzk; epiwe;j ,j;

nja;tPf %ypifia midtuJ tPl;L

Kw;wj;jpYk; tsh;j;J gpzpapd;wp tho;Nthk;.

fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fj;jpw;fhf njhFj;jth;

v];.rptfyh>

tptrhag; gpuRug; gphpT

cyFk; caph;fSkha;

grpAk; gapUkha;

taYk; tuk;Gkha;

tPLk; thrYkha;

cd;djkhdtd;

eP coth

tuz;l taiyAk;

tskhd tutha;

khw;wpNa kyur; nra;a

tpah;itia tpuakhf;fp

rf;jpia rUfhf;fp

grpiag; gQ;rha;

gwf;f itj;jtd;

eP coth

ghL gl;Nl

gwf;f gwf;f

cioaha; cioj;J

grpahy; gwf;Fk;

kz;zpd; kf;fis

kfpor; nra;jtd;

eP coth

kf;fNshL kuq;fisAk;

tPl;NlhL tpyq;ifAk;

ghNuhL gwitiaAk;

gRNthL ghiyAk;

epiyNahL ePiuAk;

epiyf;f itj;jtd;

eP coth

vd;Wk; neQ;rpy;

epiyj;jpUg;gtd;

eP

v];.rptfyh

tptrhag; gpuRug; gphpT>

fd;ndhUit Nguhjid

coth

31

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 31

G+q;fhnthd;iw eph;khzpf;Fk;

NghJ kdpjh;fs; gad;gLj;Jk; epyj;ij

tbtikf;Fk; ehk; .................... #oy;

vd miof;fg;gLNthk;. mjhtJ

,aw;ifahfj; njhpT nra;ag;gl;l myq;fhuj;

jhtu tiffisg; gad;gLj;jp vkf;F

mtrpakhd cl;fl;likg;Gfisg; G+h;j;jp

nra;J> jkJ ghtidg; Nghf;Ffs;>

trjpf;fhf eph;khzpf;fg;gLtjhFk;.

,t;thwhd #oiyj; njhpT nra;Ak;

NghJ Kjypy; mjidg; gad;gLj;Jgth; ahh;

vdgij jPh;khdpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

mjhtJ tPl;bd; chpikahsUld;> mjpy;

trpf;Fk; Vida mq;fj;jth;fisAk;

ftdj;jpw;; nfhz;L mth;fspw;Nfw;g

G+q;fhitj; jpl;lkpl;Lf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,J tPl;Lg; G+e;Njhl;l jpl;lkplypw;fhd

mbg;gilahFk;. ,jd; NghJ ehk; tPl;bw;Fj;

Njitahd gpujhd mk;rq;fSld;> mj

idr; #o gaphplf; $ba 3 jhtu tiffis

khj;jpuNk njhpT nra;fpd;Nwhk;. kpf vsp

ikahff; Fwpg;gpLtjhapd; td; myq;fhukhf

tPL> tPjp> kjpy;> Ntyp Nghd;w $WfSld;>

kyh; ghj;jpfs;> Gw;wiu> Ntypfs;> gw;iwfs;>

kuq;fs; Nghd;wd nkd; myq;fhukhfTk;

fUjg;gLk;. ,tw;iw kpf ,yFthf

gad;gLj;jp mt;tPl;il nghJthd Ki-

wapy; xOq;FgLj;jy; tPl;L G+q;fh eph;khzk;

vdg;gLk;. ,q;F kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdJ tPl;Lj;

Njhl;lj; jpl;lkplypy; tPl;L chpikah-

shpd; Njitfis mwpe;J nfhs;tjhFk;.

xU fl;blf; fiyQh; tPl;L eph;khzj;ijj;

jpl;lkpl;bUg;ghuhapd; mt;tPl;bw;fhd

G+q;fhitj; jpl;lkpLk; NghJ fl;blf;

fiyQhpd; vz;zf;fUtpw;Fg; nghUj;jkhd

jhtuq;fs;> gw;iwfs;> Gw;fs; Mfpatw;iwj;

njhpT nra;tJ kpfTk; Kf;fpakhFk;.

tPl;ilr; #o kjpy; fhzg;gLkhapd; mr;Rtiu

kiwf;ff; $bathW caukhd gw;iwfis

gpd;gf;fj;jpYk;> mjid tplf; Fiwthd

cauk; nfhz;l gw;iwfis kj;jpa

ghfj;jpYk;> Fiwthd cauk; nfhz;l

gw;iwfis Kd;gf;fkhfTk; eLtjd; %yk;

myq;fhu Njhw;wj;jpidg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s

KbAk;. ,jw;nfd tpj;jpahrkhd jhtu

©e;Njhl;l eph;khzj;jpw;F Xh; mwpKfk;

32


tiffisj; njhpT nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

Kd; gf;fk; jpwe;j #oyhff;

fhzg;gLkhapd; tPjpg; gf;fk; myq;fhuj;ij

mjpfhpg;gjw;F gy epwq;fisf; nfhz;l

kyh; nrbfs; my;yJ gw;iwfisj; njhpT

nra;tjd; %yk; tPl;Lj; Njhl;lj;jpw;F

fth;r;rpia Vw;gLj;j KbAk;. tPl;bd; Eio

thapypy; tisnthd;iw mikj;J> mjw;F

mofpa G+f;fisj; jUk; nfhbfisj;

njhpT nra;tjd; %yk; Eiothapypw;F

mo$l;lyhk;.

tPl;bw;fhd Eiothapiy mz;kpj;j

gpd;dh; rpwpa ghij fhzg;gLtNjhL> mjd;

,U gf;fq;fspw;Fk; ed;F #hpa ntspr;rk;

fpilf;Fkhapd; mt;tplj;jpy; ghj;jpfis

mikj;J mjpy; FWfpa taJila my;yJ

ePz;l taJila jhtug; gw;iwfisg;

gad;gLj;jp xNu khjphpahd myq;fhuj;ijg;

ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;. ,q;F Kf;fpakhd

xU tplaj;ijf; ftdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ

,yFthfg; guhkhpf;ff; $ba nrbfisAk;>

gw;iwfisAk; njhpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

Njhl;lj;ijg; guhkhpg;gjw;Fg; Nghjpasthd

Neuk; ,y;yhj NghJ gy;yhz;L gw;iwfis

my;yJ jhtuq;fisg; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s

KbAk;. Mdhy; Neuk; fpilf;fhtpl;lhYk;

tPl;bd;; gy;ypdj;jd;ikia rpwpjsNtDk;

Ngzf; $bathW Fiwe;jsthd FWfpa

fhy my;yJ Mz;L kyh;j; jhtuq;fis

eLif nra;tJ nghUj;jkhdjhf mi-

kAk;. ,J kd mikjpiag; ngwTk; kpf

Kf;fpakhFk;. xNu khjphpahd jd;ikia

vg;NghJk; ngwf; $bajhapUf;Fk;.

Mdhy; G+e;Njhl;l eph;khzj;jpy; ,jid

XusNtw;NfDNkh my;yJ KOikah-

fNth jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;tJ kpfTk;

mjp\;lkhdnjhd;whFk;.

vt;tsT rpwpa Njhl;lkhdhYk;

mjpy; rpwpanjhU Gw;wiu fhzg;gLkhapd;

kpfTk; mofhfj; Njhw;wkspf;Fk;.

vt;tsT kyh; ghj;jpfs;> kyh;r;nrbfs;>

jhtu tiffs; fhzg;gLkhapd; mit

midj;ijAk; Gw;wiuapd; kPNj mikf;f

Ntz;Lk;. ,jd; %yk; njhpT nra;ag;gl;l

jhtu tiffspd; Njhw;wk;> gUkz; vd;gd

Jy;ypakhfj; njhpAk;.

33

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 33

nra;tjd; %yk; mjw;F NkYk; mo$l;;l

KbAk;. mj;Jld;; Fiwe;j guhkhpg;gpy;

,jid Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;. G+e;Njhl;l

mq;fq;fisj; njhpT nra;tJ kpfTk; fb-

dkhd fhhpakhFk;. vdNt epyj;ij

rhpahf mtjhdpf;fhJ vt;tpjkhd

jPh;khdj;ijAk; Nkw;nfhs;sf; $lhJ. Mdhy;

G+e;Njhl;lf;fiyapd; rhpahd jj;Jtq;fs;

njhlh;ghd mwpitAk;> eilKiwf; fhuz-

pfisAk; mwpe;J nfhs;tjd; %yk;>

,yFthfj; jkf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd G+e;Njhl;l

eph;khzf; $WfisAk;> jhtuq;fisAk;

njhpT nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

mLj;j ,jopy; G+q;fhtpw;fhd

$Wfisj; njhpT nra;tjpy; nry;thf;Fr;

nrYj;Jk; jj;Jtq;fisAk;> njhpT

nra;ag;glTs;s jhtuq;fisAk; njhlh;e;Jk;

juTs;Nsd;.

rpwpa ,lnkhd;wpy; jhtuq;fis

];jhgpf;Fk; NghJ tprhykhf tsUk;

jhtuj;ijj; njhpT nra;tjw;F Kd;dh;

mj;jhtuj;ij eLk; ,lj;ijf; fUj;jpw;

nfhs;tJ kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;.

Rth;fs;> fl;blq;fspw;F mUNf eLtjw;Fg;

nghUj;jkhd ,lq;fs; my;y. jhtu

tiff;F mikthf mjd; Nth;j;njhFjp

gutp tsUk;. vdNt vt;tsT mofhf

Njhw;wkspj;jhYk;> epoy; mtrpakhapDk;

Mgj;jpid Vw;gLj;jf; $ba jhtuq;fisj;

njhpT nra;ahJ mtjhdkhapUj;jy;

Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thwhd ,lq;fspw;F Xustpw;F

fpis tpl;L tsuf; $ba kuq;fisj; njhpT

nra;tJ Gj;jprhypj;jdkhdjhFk;. Mdhy;

mjpfsthd ,l trjpf; nfhz;l tPl;Lj;

Njhl;lj;jpw;Fg; nghpa jhtuq;fisj; njhpT

nra;J nfhs;s KbAk;.

tPl;bw;F Kd;dhy; Rth;

fhzg;gLkhapd; Rthpw;Fg; gpd;dhy;

mjhtJ tPl;il Nehf;fp kj;jpa msthd

jhtuq;fis eLtjd; %yk; cr;rpapy;

myq;fhuj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbAk;.

G+f;Fk; kj;jpasthd jhtuq;fisj; njhpT

fkj;njhopy; tpsf;fj;jpw;F mo$l;bath; rkpe;j ,uj;ehaf;f>

tptrhag; Nghjdhrphpah;>

mur jhtutpaw; G+q;fh>

Nguhjid.

34


tw;whisf; FLk;gj;ij mjhtJ

Convolvulaceae FLk;gj;ijr; Nrh;e;j ,j; jhtuj;jpy;;

gy rpwg;gpay;Gfs; cs;sd. ,e; ehl;by; nghJthff;

fhzg;gLk; ,dq;fshtd> Ig;Nghkpah ypl;Nlhuyp];

(Ipomoea littoralis) ck; Ig;Nkhkpah kh[pdhl;lh

(Ipomoea marginata ) vd;gdthFk;. ,J

cynfq;fpYk; gy ngah;fspdhy; miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.

rpq;fsj;jpy; njy; nfhy vdTk; Mq;fpyj;jpy; n`l;r;

igd;l; tPl; (Hedge bind weed), Ngh;g;gy; `hh;l;

FNshhp (Purple heart glory) vdTk; miof;fg;gLk;.

,e;j jhtuj;ij ,yq;if> ,e;jpah Nghd;w ehLfspYk;

njd; fpof;fhrpa ehLfspYk; fhz KbAk;.

,J xU nfhbahFk;. 2 kPw;wh; ePsj;jpw;F

tsUk; jd;ikAilaJ. rpW gw;iwfspd; Nky;>

kuj;jpd; Nky;> epyj;jpd; kPJ tsUk;. MW> Xilfs;>

jhprhf tplg;gl;l tay;fs; vd;gtw;wpYk; Gw;fspd;

Gspg;Gr; Rit nfhz;;;l

kd;rpifNkYk;; glh;e;J tsUk;. epyj;jpd; kPJ tsUk; ,dk;

mjpfsT ePskhdjhf tsuhJ. cth; jd;ikahd

jho;thd ,lq;fspy; nropg;ghf tsUk;. ,jpy; Xh;

,iyiag; gwpj;J Ritj;Jg; ghh;f;Fk; NghJ Gspg;Gk;

cth;g;Gk; fye;j Ritahf ,Uf;Fk;. mtrpakhapd;

efh;g;Gwq;fspYk; ,jid nra;ifgz;z KbAk;.

kd;rpif nfhbahdJ rptg;G epwj;ij

xj;jNjhL> nky;ypa kaph; Nghd;w mikg;Gfisf;

fhz KbAk;. ,jd; ,iy ,ja tbthdJ. rpy

th;f;fq;fs; XusT nghpa ,iyfisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

rpy th;f;fq;fs; XusT xLq;fpa Kf;Nfhz tbthd

,iyfisf;; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ngUk;ghyhd th;f;fq;fspd;

,iyfspd; kj;jpapy; fgpy my;yJ Cjh epwf;

NfhLfs; fhzg;gLk;. ,e;j NfhLfs; ,jid xj;j

jhtuq;fspypUe;Jk;> fhl;L kd;rpif ,dq;fspypUe;Jk;

NtWgLj;jp mwpa cjTk;. vdpDk; ,t;thwhd NfhLfs;

35

kyh; 52 ,jo; 3 (2014) 35

,y;yhj kd;rpif ,dq;fisAk; fhz KbAk;. kd;rif

jhtuj;jpw;Nf chpa kzk;> Rit> rijg;gpbg;ghd

jd;ik (ifapy; erpf;Fk; NghJ xl;Lk; jd;ikahf krpe;J

NghFk; jd;ik) %yk; ,jid mwpahjth;fSk;

,yFthf kd;rpf;fhia milahsk; fhz KbAk;.

XusT ePz;l fhk;gpdhy; Neubahf ,iyAld;

njhlh;g;Ggl;bUf;Fk;.

,jd; g+f;fspd; ,jo;fs; xd;Nwhnlhd;W

gphpe;jpUf;fhJ> tl;lkhf Gdy; tbthff; fhzg;gLk;.

,jo;fs; nkd;ikahff; fhzg;gLtJld; nts;is

kw;Wk; ,sk; Cjh epwkhff; fhzg;gLk;. nghJthf

tw;whisg; G+it xj;j ,ay;Gfis ,jd; G+tpYk;

mtjhdpf;f KbAk;. gy rpW G+f;fs; xd;W Nrh;e;J

G+e;jzh;fs; cUthFk;. xU jlitapy; xd;W my;yJ

,uz;L g+f;fs; khj;jpuNl G+e;jzhpy; kyUk;. fha;fs;

Nfhs tbthdit. goj;jpDs; Nfhs tbthd ehd;F

tpijfs; fhzg;gLk;. tpijfs; fha;e;J ntbj;J guTk;.

,e;j nfhbapd; Nth;fs; rpwpJ jbg;ghf ,Ug;gJld;>

nfhbfs; ,we;j gpd;dUk; Nkhrkhd #oiyj; jhq;fp

kPz;Lk; tsuf; $ba fl;ikg;ghf tpsq;Fk;. nfhb

,we;jhNyh my;yJ Kwpe;jhNyh Nth;fspy; kPz;Lk;

,Ue;J Gjpjhf jsph;fs; cUthFk;.

rpy gpuNjrq;fspy; kd;rpif Gspf;fwpahf

rikj;J cz;Zfpd;wdh;. ,yq;ifapYs;s kuf;fwpfspy;

kpfTk; RitahdJ ,f;fPiu vd;gJ mDgt];jh;fspd;

fUj;jhFk. ,iyf;fhk;Gfs; mfw;wg;gl;L ,iyfs;

kl;LNk rikaYf;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. Vnddpy;

rikj;j gpd;dUk; $l jz;LfSk;> ,iyf; fhk;GfSk;

gr;irahfNtf; fhzg;gLk;. rpwpa ,iyfisf; nfhz;l

th;f;fq;fs;> nghpa ,iyfisf; nfhz;ltw;iw tpl Ri-

tahdit MFk;.

,f;fPiuia Gspf;fwpahf rikf;Fk; NghJ

,iyfis ed;whf fOtp Rj;jk; nra;j gpd; Gsp>

cg;G> nfhr;rp kpsfha; Mfptw;iwr; Nrh;j;J ePh; tplhJ

mtpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,iyfs; rijg;gpbg;ghdit.

vdNt mjpYs;s ePh; ,J mtpa NghJkhdjhFk;.

mtpj;j kpsfha;> cg;G Mfpatw;NwhL nfl;bj; Njq;fha;g;

ghiyAk; Nrh;j;J rikj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;. rikf;Fk;

NghJ rl;bia jpwe;J itj;J rikf;f Ntz;Lk;. %b

rikf;Fk; NghJ Rit NtWgLk; vd;gJ rikg;Nghhpd;

fUj;jhFk;. ,f; fPiuahdJ czT cz;Zk;

Mh;tj;ijAk; J}z;Lk;. fha;r;ry; Nghd;w RfaPdk;

Vw;gLk; Ntisfspy; tha;f; frg;igg; Nghf;f ,J

kpfTk; ,d;wpaikahjJ. fh;g;gpzpfSf;F Vw;gLk;

czT mUtUg;G the;jp vd;gtw;wpw;F ,g;Gspf;fwp Xh;

rpwe;j epthuzpahFk;. ,ij jdpahfTk; gy fPiuf-

Sld; Nrh;j;Jk; rikf;f KbAk;.

MAh;Ntjj;jpy; fy;yPuy; Neha;fis epth;j;jp nra;Ak;

jd;ik nfhz;lJ. ,jd; ,iyfs; kyl;Lj;jd;ikiag;

Nghf;Fk;. ,jd; ,iyr;rhiwAk; Njq;fha;g;ghiyAk;

fye;J tapw;W typ> tapW vhpT> tha;Tj; njhy;iy

vd;gtw;wpw;F kUe;jhf gad;gLj;Jth;. rpWePh; ,yFthf

ntspNaw cjTtJld;> cah; ,uj;j mOj;jj;ijAk;;

fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. Vida czTfspYs;s

er;Rj;jd;ikiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. ,Og;G> ,Uky;>

rpWePuf cghij vd;gtw;iwf; fl;Lg;gLj;JtJld;>

fz; Neha;fisf; Fiwj;J ghh;itia tpUj;jp nra;Ak;

vd fpuhk thrpfspilNa ek;gpf;if epyTfpd;wJ.

Gz;fspYk;> fl;bfspYk; fhzg;gLk; rpjio cwpQ;rp

mfw;Wtjw;fhf ,jd; ,iyAld;> fue;j jsph;fisAk;

,bj;J> mjidf; fl;lyhk;. fhk;Gld; ,jd;

,iyfis fhk;Gld; miuj;J ntl;Lf; fhaq;fs; kPJ

itj;Jf; fl;Lk; NghJ FUjp ntspNaWtJ jilg;gLk;.

ehfg; ghk;gpd;; er;Rj; jd;ikiahy; tPq;Ftijj;

jtph;f;f ,jd; Ntiug; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;.

,e;jpahtpy; MAh;Ntj kUj;Jtj;jpy; ,jd; tpij

gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

kd;rpf;fha; ,iyapy; tpl;lkpd;fs;>

fdpg;nghUl;fs; vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,t;thwhd

fPiu th;f;fq;fis gw;wp Ma;Tfs; VJk; ,y;iy.

kdpjh;fspd; nraw;ghLfshy; ngWkjpahd ,f;fPiufs;

,aw;ifahfNt mopit vjph;Nehf;Ffpd;wd. ,t;thwhd

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