fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] · 2019-03-25 · /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg...

$: fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] · 2019-03-25 · /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg -@)&$—@)&%_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u xl/x/ejg, nlntk'/, g]kfn$

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg -@)&$—@)&%_

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u xl/x/ejg, nlntk'/, g]kfn

cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿ cWoIf df= cg"k /fh zdf{ ;b:ox¿ df= k|sfz j:tL df=;'lbk kf7s df= df]xgf cG;f/L df= uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8Øfn ;lrj j]bk|;fb e§/fO{

k|sfzs M /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u kf]=a=g= (!*@, sf7df8f}F, g]kfn k|sfzg ldlt M dª\l;/, @)&% k|sfzg k|lt M k|ltj]bg g++ M @#^÷@)&% -s]Gb|Lo sfof{no_ d'b|0f M Crf ckm;]6 k|];, l8NnLahf/, kmf]g M (*%!)&$!## ;jf{lwsf/ M /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u, g]kfn

;+of]hg÷n]vg s}nfzs'df/ l;jfsf]6L

cfof]usf] k"j{–:jLs[ltljgf o; k|ltj]bgnfO{ k'gMpTkfbg Pjd\ d'b|0f ug{] u/L ;ª\u|x ug{ cyjf s'g} klg dfWodaf6 k|of]udf Nofpg kfOg] 5}g . af}l4s tyf z}lIfs k|of]hgfy{ ;|f]t v'nfO{ cfjZos c+zx¿ ;fef/ u/L k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsg]5 .

dGtJo

dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o ;+:yfsf] x}l;otdf cfkm\gf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv g}} cfof]un]

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / ;+:s[lt ljsf;sf] nflu lqmofzLn

/lxcfPsf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 . ;+ljwfg, P]g / /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] kl/lwleq /xL cfof]un]

cfkm\gf ultljlwx¿ ;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgtM ;+j}wflgs cª\usf] ¿kdf /x]sf]

o; cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$( -!_ -@_ -#_ /

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)^* df Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

elgG5M /fHo cljefjs xf] . ctM dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / kl/k"lt{;DaGwL

klxnf] bfloTj /fHodfly /x]sf] x'G5 . tL bfloTjx¿ /fHon] k"/f u/]–gu/]sf] af/]df

lgu/fgL u/L lhDd]jf/L axg gu/]sf] cj:yfdf /fHonfO{ pQ/bfoL agfpg] lhDd]jf/L

cfof]usf] sfFwdf /x]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] cg'udg, cg';Gwfg, dfgj

clwsf/ lzIffsf] k|j4{g, jsfnt / sfg'gx¿sf] k'g/fjnf]sg nufotsf dfWodaf6 oL

sfo{x¿ ;DkGg x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . o;/L ;Dkflbt ePsf sfo{qmddfkm{t k|fKt lgisif{sf]

cfwf/df /fHo, ;/sf/ jf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfof]un] l;kmfl/;

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @($ -!_ df ;+j}wlgs lgsfon] cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfdsf/afxLsf]

jflif{s k|ltj]bg /fi6«klt;dIf k]z ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . k|ltj]bgdf ljz]iftM cfof]udf

jif{el/df k/]sf ph'/L, ph'/Lpk/ 5fglag, cg';Gwfg ljj/0f, ;/sf/nfO{ u/]sf

l;kmfl/; ;DaGwdf pNn]v 5 . o;sf] ;fy} dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{gsf nflu

eljiodf ug'{kg]{ ;'wf/;DaGwL ljj/0fx¿ k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z 5g\ .

ljutdfem}F cfof]un] o; jif{ klg dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf] nflu ph'/L

u|x0f, cg'udg / cg';Gwfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} tflnd, uf]i7L, cGt/lqmof,

5nkmnh:tf ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{qmd ePsf 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfg'gx¿sf]

k'g/fjnf]sg, ljleGg ljifout k|ltj]bg, k'l:tsf / hg{n k|sfzg, k|]; gf]6 / k|];

lj1lKt hf/L x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;~rf/dfWoddfkm{t dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;fj{hlgs

;/f]sf/sf ;Gb]zd"ns ;fdu|Lx¿ k|sfzg / k|;f/0f eO/x]sf 5g\ .

dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[lt ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZostf / cf}lrTotfsf] cfwf/df cfof]un]

/fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o :t/df ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf]

5 . ljz]iftM /fi6«kltsf] sfof{no, g]kfn ;/sf/, cGo ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, /fhgLlts

bn, gful/s ;dfh, /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o u};; Pj+ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o

;+:yf / bft[ lgsfox¿;Fu ;xsfo{ lg/Gt/ rln/x]sf] 5 .

g]kfn dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGwsf] kIf /fi6« xf] .

;+ljwfg tyf sfg'g lgdf{0fdf dfgj clwsf/sf ljifonfO{ k|flyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 .

dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f eO{ sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . dfgj

clwsf/sf k|fjwfgnfO{ sfof{Gjog txdf n}hfg ljleGg ;+oGqx¿ lgdf{0f eO{ sfo{x¿

x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . h;nfO{ ;/sf/ / Joj:yflksfaf6 ePsf ;sf/fTds sfo{sf] ¿kdf

lng'kb{5 . ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf] ;xeflutfdf :yfgLo tx, k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z

;efsf] lgjf{rg pT;fxk"0f{ ¿kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . tLg j6} txdf ;/sf/ lgdf{0f eO{

sfo{ cf/De eO;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt, ;efd'v / pk;efd'v,

/fli6«o ;efsf cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] klg lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 o;af6

;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] cf/De ePsf] cg'e"lt ug{ ;lsG5 . ;+ljwfgtM df}lnsxs;DaGwL

sfg'g / u7g ug]{ elgPsf dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt cfof]usf nflu P]g klg lgdf{0f

e};s]sf 5g\ .

oL ;sf/fTds k|oTgsf afjh"b\ klg dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fdf k|z:t r'gf}tLx¿

b]lvPsf 5g\ . clxn] klg dfgj clwsf/sf] ;du| cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . ;+ljwfgtM

u7g ul/Psf cfof]u / dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uaLrsf] If]qflwsf/sfaf/]df k|Zgx¿ p7]sf

5g\ . zflGt–k|lqmof ;'? ePsf] bzs gfl3;Sbf klg cem} kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg g;Sg'

b'vb\ kIfxf] . df}lns xs;Fu ;DalGwt sfg'gsf] lgdf{0feGbf klg sfof{Gjog kIfdf

hl6ntf b]lvg] cj:yf b]lvG5 . ;+ljwfgtM k|bt tLg txaLrsf] ;femf clwsf/aLr

:ki6tf x'g afFsL g} b]lvG5 .

gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/, cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ nufot

cGo dfgj clwsf/sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf jflG5t ¿kdf k|ult pGd'v x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

lgjf{rgdf afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u, ;dfhdf hftLo e]befjsf] ljBdfgtf, :jf:Yo ;]jfdf

;a}sf] kx'Fr gx'g'af6 ;+ljwfg k|bt xs cem} ;xh jftfj/0f aGg g;s]sf] cfef; x'G5

. j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsfx¿dfly ePsf] >d zf]if0f, a9\bf] 3/]n' lx+;f cflb sf/0f

hghLjgdf c;xh cj:yfdf 5 . ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfo, cflbjf;L hghflt, ckfª\utf

ePsf JolQm, blnt, dlxnf, h]i7 gful/s, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/sf] ljifodf

/fHon] ljz]if Wofg lbg' kg]{ b]lvG5, ;f] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . kmntM tL ju{ Pj+ ;d'bfosf

clwsf/x¿ ;'/lIft x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . To;} af9L / e"sDkaf6 k|efljtx¿sf] cj:yfdf

pNn]vgLo ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5}g .

o; cfjdf cfof]un] u/]sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{gfTds nufotsf

sfo{x¿af6 ljleGg pknlAwx¿ xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . o; cfjdf cfof]udf hDdf !%@

ph'/Lx¿ btf{ ePsf 5g\ . k'/fgf / gofF u/L #%) ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg ePsf]

5 eg] $^# k6s cg'udg ePsf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 æ;a}sf] nflu 3/–3/df dfgj

clwsf/M zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/Æ eGg] cfJXfgnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ dfgj clwsf/

k|j4{g sfo{nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstfdf /fvL #@$ j6f ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{x¿ ePsf]df

;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf #& sfo{qmd /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} dfgj clwsf/;Fu cfa4

;ª\3;+:yfåf/f cfof]lht @^( j6f sfo{qmddf >f]t JolQm÷ljifo lj1, k|d'v

cltly÷cltly / ;xefuLsf] ¿kdf pkl:ylt hgfPsf] 5 . blIf0f Pl;ofdf

b08xLgtfsf] r'gf}tL / dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] ;dLIff ;fy} cfufdL /0fgLltsf

;DaGwdf tLg lbg] 5nkmn ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . o:t} dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljleGg

;fdu|L tyf j[Qlrq lgdf{0f, k|sfzgsf] sfd klg cfof]uaf6 lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

cfof]uaf6 cfGtl/s ¿kdf tflnd, uf]i7L, cGtlqm{of cflb %( sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf

5g\ .

o; cljwdf cfof]uaf6 !$ j6f k|sfzg, %) k|]; lj1lKt / !^ j6f k|]; gf]6 hf/L

ePsf] 5g\ eg] tLg j6f kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ePsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} sfg'g lgdf{0fdf

;/sf/ Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6

sfg'gsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L ;Da4 lgsfodf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu k7fPsf] 5 . cfof]udf

sd{rf/L Joj:yfkg sfo{n] klg ult lnPsf] 5 . oL o; cjlwdf cfof]un] u/]sf k|d'v

pknlAw x'g\ .

plNnlvt oL k|fKt pknlJwsf afah'b\ klg cfof]u r'gf}tLeGbf aflx/ 5}g .

b08xLgtfsf] cj:yf clxn] klg ljBdfg 5 . cfof]usf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog gx'g',

;/sf/af6 ck]lIft ;xof]u k|fKt gx'g', sfg'gL ckof{Kttf, e"sDkaf6 Ifltu|:t

cfof]usf] ejg cem}+ aGg g;Sg'af6 ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] cefjdf ;d]t cfof]un] sfd

ug'{k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . oL r'gf}tLnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ cfof]un] ;/sf/ Pj+

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ 3R3RofO/x]sf] 5 . oL pknlAw / r'gf}tLsf aLr cfof]u ;ljwfg,

P]g / /0fgLlts of]hgfdf s]lGb|t eO{ ljutaf6 cg'ej xfl;n ub}{ cfˆgf

sfdsf/afxLx¿nfO{ ;dofg's"n cufl8 a9fpg] sl6a4 5 .

cGTodf, cfof]unfO{ k'¥ofPsf] ;xof]u / ;b\efjk|lt /fi6«klt sfof{no, ;+;b\, ;/sf/,

/fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh, dfgj clwsf/ ;d'bfo, ;~rf/hut, k]zfJoj;foL

;a}k|lt cfef/ JoSt ub{5' . To;}u/L cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3;+:yf, s'6gLlts lgsfo, bft[

lgsfok|lt klg wGojfb 1fkg ub{5' . d]/f ;xsdL{ dfggLox¿, cfof]usf ;lrj Pj+

;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lx¿k|lt klg s[t1 5' . cfof]usf jflif{s ultljlwx¿nfO{ ;d]6L

k|ltj]bgsf] ¿k lbg ;+of]hg÷n]vg sfo{df ;+nUg dfgj clwsf/ clws[t >L

s}nfzs'df/ l;jfsf]6LnfO{ ljz]if wGojfb k|s6 ub{5' k|ltj]bg n]vgsf] nflu ;xof]u

k'¥ofpg'x'g] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t gj/fh ;fksf]6f / ;'/Iff clws[t afa'sfhL s];L /

efiff ;Dkfbg ug{'x'g] 8f= n]vk|;fb lg/f}nf klg wGojfbsf kfq x'g'x'G5 . cfufdL

lbgdf klg ;a} kIfaf6 lg/Gt/ ;xof]usf] ck]Iff Pj+ ljZjf;;lxt cfkm\gf] egfO cGTo

ub{5' .

wGojfb Û @! dª\l;/, @)&%

cg"k /fh zdf{ cWoIf

;ª\lIfKt ¿k

cc — cg';Gwfg clws[t

cf;f;f+c — cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/

Ok|sf — Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no

pc — pRr cbfnt

pd – pkdxfgu/kflnsf

P]] — P]hg

P]P] — P]hg–P]hg

pdgkf — pkdxfgu/kflnsf

pdflj — pRr dfWolds ljBfno

pjfd — pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;‹

sflh — sf7df8f}F lhNnf

sfdgkf — sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsf

s]sf — s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

sf]n]lgsf — sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGq0f sfof{no

ufkf — ufpFkflnsf

uflj; — ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt

u};; — u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf dxf;‹

rg — rnfgL gDa/

hs — ha/h:tL s/0fL

lhc — lhNnf c:ktfn

lhhsf — lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no

lhlzc — lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L

lhlzsf — lhNnf lzIff sfof{no

lh;; — lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt

gkf — gu/kflnsf

glj; — gu/ ljsf; ;ldlt

lgIf]lg — lgldQ If]qLo lgb]{zs

g]skf -Pdfn]_ — g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -PsLs[t n]lggjfbL—dfcf]jfbL_

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ — g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb

g]sf — g]kfnL sfª\u|];

g]kd — g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;‹

g+ — gDa/

k|c — k|wfgfWofks

k|h — k|x/L hjfg

k|lhc — k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L

k|; — kq ;ª\Vof

k|;lg — k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs

k|x — k|x/L xjNbf/

k|flj — k|fylds ljBfno

e"k" — e"tk"j{

dgkf — dxfgu/kflnsf

dafsf — dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no

dljc — dlxnf ljsf; clws[t

df — dfggLo

dflj — dfWolds ljBfno

/fk|kf — /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{

?= — ?lkofF

jk|sf — j8f k|x/L sfof{no

If]sf — If]qLo sfof{no

If]lg — If]qLo lgb]{zs

ljifo;"rL

ljifo k]h g=

cfof]usf] jflif{s sfo{–ljj/0fM Ps emns ! k|ltj]bg ;f/f+z kl/R5]b—Ps cfof]u, ;fË7lgs ;+/rgf / sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ $ kl/R5]b—b'O{ dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf & kl/R5]b—tLg ;+/If0f;DaGwL sfo{x¿ %& kl/R5]b—rf/ ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{x¿ ^@ kl/R5]b—kfFr dxfzfvf, zfvf / PsfOaf6 ;DkGg ePsf sfo{x¿ ^$ kl/R5]b—5 cfof]u / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿aLr ;DaGw *# kl/R5]b—;ft pknlAw, r'gf}tL, ;dfwfgsf ;Defljt pkfo / efjL sbdx¿ () cg';"rLx¿ cg';"rL—Ps cfof]udf sfo{/t kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/Lx¿ !)! cg';"rL—b'O{ ;Ë7g tflnsf !)( cg';"rL—tLg o; jif{ cfof]udf k/]sf ph'/Lx¿ !!)

cg';"rL—rf/ cg'udg ljj/0f !!$ cg';"rL—kfFr cg';Gwfg ljj/0f !$! cg';"rL—5 cfof]uaf6 ;Dkflbt ;+j4{gfTds ultljlwx¿ !%# cg';"rL—;ft cfof]uaf6 ph'/Lpk/ ePsf lg0f{ox¿ !(* cg';"rL—cf7 ;'/lIft j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; @*^ cg';"rL—gf} cfof]usf dfggLo cWoIf dGtJo @(# cg';"rL— b; ;DdfggLo /fi6«kltsf] ;Daf]wg @(& cg';"rL— P3f/ cfof]uaf6 hf/L k|];gf]6, k|];lj1lKt / kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] ;"rL #)) cg';"rL— afx| cfof]usf] jflif{s cfoJoo ljj/0f #)^

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u jflif{s k|ltj]bg @)&$÷&% 1

cfof]usf] jflif{s sfo{–ljj/0f M emns

qm= ;= sfdsf] k|s[lt ;ª\Vof ljifo s}lkmot != dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f !=! ph'/L !%@ • /fhgLlts tyf gful/s clwsf/

• cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts clwsf/

• oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/

• dlxnf clwsf/ • afn clwsf/ • hftLo lje]blj?4sf] clwsf/

• JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{lj?4sf] clwsf/

• cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / ltgsf kl/jf/sf] clwsf/

• cGoM Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/, z/0ffyL{sf] clwsf/, dfgj a]rlavg, jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/ cflb

!=@ cg'udg $^# • /fhgLlts tyf gful/s clwsf/M ;du| dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf, :yfgLo, k|b]z / ;‹sf] lgjf{rg / dfgj clwsf/, s}bLaGbLx¿sf] clwsf/, Gofok|zf;g cflb

• cfly{s, ;dfflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/M :jf:Yosf] clwsf/, ;Ldf If]qsf jfl;Gbfx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/, pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/, k|fs[lts k|sf]k -af9L–klx/f]÷e"sDk_ af6 lj:yflktx¿sf] clwsf/ cflb

• h]i7 gful/s, dlxnf, afnaflnsf, cflbjf;L hghflt, cNk;ª\Vos÷ ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfox¿, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf/, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ dfgj a]rlavgsf] cj:yf cflb

hDdf $^# cg'udg ePsf]df !! j6f ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf ;DkGg

!=# cg';Gwfg #%) • gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/M hLjgsf] clwsf/, oftgf, a]kQf

• cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts

2 /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u jflif{s k|ltj]bg @)&$÷&%

clwsf/M lj:yflkt, k'gM:yfkgf, ;DklQ n'6kf6, Ifltk"lt{,

• dlxnf clwsf/, afn clwsf/ cflb !=$ lg0f{o÷

l;kmfl/; ##% /fhgLlts tyf gful/s clwsf/, Gofo–

k|zf;g, ckx/0f, lj:yflkt, cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/, oftgf, hftLo lje]b, dlxnf clwsf/ cflb .

@= dfgj clwsf/ ;+j4{g @=!= k|lzIf0f,

cGtlqm{of, 5nkmn, uf]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, k|eftkm]l/, k|bz{gL cflb

#@$ zflGt;'/Iff / dfgj clwsf/, lgjf{rg / dfgj clwsf/, a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] clwsf/, ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo, vfB clwsf/, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] rf}yf] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ sfo{of]hgf, :yfgLo txdf ljjfb lg¿k0f, gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/, cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/, afn clwsf/, dlxnf clwsf/, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf/, dfgl;s :jf:Yo clwsf/, Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/, cNk;ª\Vosf] clwsf/, pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/, ;fd"lxs clwsf/, k|ltj]bg n]vg cflb

@=@ ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{qmd

#& Goflos sfdsf/afxL, dlxnf clwsf/, afn clwsf/, lzIffsf] clwsf/, vfB clwsf/, dfgl;s :jf:Yo, ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo, dfgj a]rlavglj?4sf] clwsf/, hftLo lje]blj?4sf] clwsf/, dfgj clwsf/, ljsf; / ;'zf;g, dfgj clwsf/ / ;fdflhs Gofo, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/, ljjfb lg¿k0fdf :yfgLo txsf] e"ldsf, ljBfno zflGtIf]q, o'lkcf/ sfof{Gjog cj:yf, Ho]i7 gful/s, pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/, kfgLsf] clwsf/ cflb

hDdf #& j6f sfo{qmd ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf ;DkGg

@=# ljz]if1 ;]jf -;|f]t JolQm_ k|bfg

^^ ;/sf/L tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;ª\3;+:yfaf6 cfof]lht sfo{qmd

@=$ clylt÷ cGo @)# ;/sf/L tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf


sfo{qmddf ;xeflutf

sfo{/t u};;af6 cfof]lht sfo{qmd

@=% cfof]usf cfGtl/s sfo{qmd

%( tflnd, uf]i7L, 5nkmn, ;dLIff

#= k|sfzg #=! lgoldt

k|ltj]bg ! jflif{s k|ltj]bg

#=@ ljifout k|ltj]bg÷ k'l:tsf

!# lgjf{rg ljz]if, 5fpk8L cj:yf, ls;fgsf] clwsf/, dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] cj:yf, l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog / kLl8tsf] cj:yf cflb

#=# hg{n $ dfgj clwsf/ ;+jfxs #=$ dfgj

clwsf/kq #

#=% k|];lj1lKt / k|];gf]6

%) / !^ dfgj clwsf/sf ljljw ljifox¿

#=^ kqsf/ ;Dd]ng

# lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf / dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng

$= dfgj ;+;fwg $=! cWoIf÷

;b:o !÷$

$=@ sd{rf/L !(& cfof]usf ;Dk"0f{ sfof{nodf sfo{/t


kl/R5]b—Ps

cfof]u, ;fË7lgs ;+/rgf / sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/

!=! cfof]usf] k[i7e"ld

cfw'lgs dfgj clwsf/sf] ljsf; bf];|f] ljZjo'4kl5 eP klg /fli6«o / If]qLo :t/df o;sf] ljsf; To;eGbf cufl8 ePsf] dflGfG5 . g]kfndf dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿ g]kfn ;/sf/ j}wflgs sfg'g @))$ af6 ;Daf]wg ePsf] dfGg ;lsG5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)!% tyf g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)!( df df}lns xssf] ¿kdf dfgj clwsf/sf cfwf/e"t t/ ;Lldt k|fjwfg /flvPsf lyP . dfgj clwsf/sf] k|ToIf ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g ;DaGwdf sfof{Gjog;DaGwL ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ul/Psf] lyPg . klxnf] hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/nfO{ ckb:y u/L @)!& df /fhtGqfTds k~rfotL zf;gJoj:yf nfu" ul/of] . sl/a #) jif{;Dd rn]sf] ;f] zf;g–Joj:yfdf bnLo :jtGqfnfO{ aGb]h nufOPsf] lyof] . To; ljifd kl/l:yltdf klg Goflos lgsfoaf6 dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;+j4{g x'g] k|s[ltsf sltko ljz]if km};nfx¿ ePsf lyP .

k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] cGTokl5 hf/L g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& sf] k|:tfjgfdf

klxnf]k6s dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifonfO{ ;dfj]z ul/of] . To;kl5 g]kfnsf] cGtl/d

;+ljwfg, @)^# / jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf klg o;n] lg/Gt/tf kfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf]

;+ljwfgsf] df}lns xs;DaGwL efudf ljutsf ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ePsf clwsf/;lxt

yk cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs clwsf/x¿nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

df}lns clwsf/sf] k|rngdf cj/f]w cfPsf] v08df c;fwf/0f If]qflwsf/cGtu{t

Goflos lgsfoaf6 pkrf/ kfpg] :ki6 Joj:yf ;+ljwfgdf g} ul/Psf] 5 .

;g\ !((# df leogfdf dfgj clwsf/sf] bf];|f] ljZj ;Dd]ng ;DkGg eof] . g]kfnsf]

;d]t ;xeflutf /x]sf] pQm ;Dd]ngn] 3f]if0ffkq tyf sfo{of]hgf hf/L ub}{] ;+o'Qm

/fi6«;‹sf ;b:o /fi6«x¿nfO{ :jtGq / :jfoQ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o lgsfo

:yfkgf ug{ cfXjfg u¥of] . nfdf] ;do;Dd g]kfndf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o

lgsfosf] :yfkgf x'g ;s]g . kl/0ffdtM To:tf] lgsfosf] :yfkgfsf] dfu ub}{

clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g–Joj;foL, ;~rf/hut, gful/s ;dfh, af}l4s ;d'bfo tyf

k];fut ;‹;+:yfx¿af6 ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ x'g yfn] . tTsfnLg k|ltlglw;efsf

;b:ox¿af6 k]; ePsf] k|fOe]6 ljw]osn] P]gsf] :j¿k k|fKt u/]kl5 dfgj clwsf/


cfof]u P]g, @)%# hf/L eof] . P]g hf/L ePsf] sl/a rf/ jif{;Dd klg /fli6«o

lgsfosf] u7g x'g ;s]g . o;aLrdf gful/s ;dfhsf] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ng, cGt/f{li6«o

;d'bfosf] rf;f] / ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z hf/L eof] . cGttM @)%& ;fn

h]7 !# ut] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] :yfkgf eof]] .

P]gåf/f :yflkt cfof]unfO{ g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# åf/f ;+j}wflgs cËsf

¿kdf :t/f]Gglt ul/of] . g]kfnsf] df}h'bf ;+ljwfgn] pQm Joj:yfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf]

5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$* / @$( df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] sfof{b]z

tf]lsPsf] 5 . ;f] sfof{b]zadf]lhd cfof]un] jif{e/ u/]sf sfo{x¿sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg

k]; ug]{ bfloTj wf/f @($ df pNn]v 5 . plNnlvt Joj:yfadf]lhd d"ntM cfof]udf

k/]sf ph'/L, ph'/Lpk/ ul/Psf 5fglag / cg';Gwfgsf] ljj/0f / g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{

ul/Psf l;kmfl/; ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f /

;+j4{gsf] ;DaGwdf eljiodf ul/g'kg{] ;'wf/;DaGwL ljifo;d]t k|ltj]bgdf ;dfj]z

ul/Psf] 5 . ;DdfgLo /fi6«klt;dIf k]; ug{ / ;f] k|ltj]bgdfly ;‹Lo ;+;b\df 5nkmn

ug{] k|of]hgsf nflu ;d]t k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .

!=@=;fË7lgs ;+/rgf

dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL lgsfox¿sf] u7g, :jtGqtf tyf :jfoQtf;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o

dfu{bz{g !((# -h;nfO{ k]l/; l;4fGt elgG5_ / g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$* /

@(# cg'¿k :yflkt /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u Ps :jtGq / :jfoQ lgsfo xf] .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @*# n] ;+j}wflgs cË / lgsfosf kbdf lgo'lQm ubf{ ;dfj]zL

l;4fGtadf]lhd ul/g]5 egL pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$* adf]lhd

cfof]udf cWoIf Ps / rf/ hgf ;b:o u/L kfFr hgf kbflwsf/L /xg] k|fjwfg 5 .

xfn cfof]ucGtu{t Ps s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, kfFr If]qLo / tLg pkIf]qLo u/L gf}j6f

sfof{no lqmofzLn 5g\ .1 ;‹Lo dfGotfcg';f/ lgdf{{0f ul/Psf] cfof]usf] gofF

;fË7lgs ;+/rgf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[ltkZrft\ sfof{Gjogdf cfpg]5 . cfof]usf

;a} sfof{nosf nflu #)( hgf sd{rf/Lsf] b/aGbL /x]sf]df o; cfjdf sd{rf/L

;ª\Vof !(& /x]sf] 5 . o; cfjdf cfof]udf sfo{/t cfof]usf kbflwsf/L /

sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ljj/0f / cfof]usf] ;fË7lgs ;+/rgf qmdzM cg';"rL Ps / b'O{df

/flvPsf] 5 .

1. cfof]usf] ldlt @)&% c;f/ * ut] a;]sf] a}7sn] ;‹Lo ;+/rgfnfO{ dWogh/ u/L ;f]xLcg'¿k cfof]usf] ;fË7lgs

kl/jt{g u/L :jLs[ltsf] nflu k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\sf] sfof{nodf k7fPsf] 5 . h;df k|b]z sfof{no / k|b]z zfvf sfof{nosf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .


!=#= cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @$( df …dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g tyf To;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{GjognfO{ ;'lglZrt ug'{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] st{Jo x'g]5Ú egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+j4{g / ;+/If0f ug'{ /fHosf] k|fylds bfloTj dflgG5 . /fHon] o; bfloTj ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf lgjf{x gu/]sf] cj:yfdf cfof]u /fHonfO{ ;hu / pQ/bfoL agfpg k|oTgzLn /lxcfPsf] 5 . cfof]un] ;+ljwfg / P]gdf plNnlvt sfo{b]zleq /xL cfˆgf ultljlwx¿nfO{ lgoldt ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 ljz]iftM dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fcGtu{t ph'/L u|x0f, ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg, dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL tyf d'2f rnfpg l;kmfl/;nufotsf sfo{x¿ x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+j4{gsf ;DaGwdf cfof]un] ;r]tgf clej[l4 ug]{, tflnd, k|lzIf0f lbg], uf]i7L tyf ;ef–;Dd]ngdfkm{t jsfntL sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ug]{, gful/s ;dfh;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog gug]{ kbflwsf/L jf JolQmsf] gfd cfof]un] ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;Sg] ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjogk|lt cfof]udf 5nkmn lg/Gt/ rln/x]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} cfof]uaf6 dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt sfg'g lgdf{0f tyf ;+zf]wg ug{ / cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw–;Demf}tfsf] g]kfn kIf aGg'kg]{ sf/0f;lxt ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .


kl/R5]b—b'O{

dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

dfgj clwsf/ ;a}sf] rf;f] / ;/f]sf/ Pj+ ;a} d'n's / ;w}Fsf nflu, ljgflje]b nfu" x'g'kg]{ ljifo xf] . g]kfn klg o;af6 ckjfb /xg ;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfn dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt dxTTjk"0f{ ljleGg dxf;lGwx¿sf] kIf /fi6« alg;s]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹sf] dfgj clwsf/ kl/ifb\df lgjf{lrt ;b:o /fi6« xf] . g]kfn xfn;Dd dfgj clwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg'g;Fu k|ToIftM ;DalGwt cGt/f{li6«o / If]qLo u/L %(

j6f dxf;lGw÷;lGwsf] kIf /fi6« ag]sf] 5 .2 d"ne"t dfgj clwsf/ @@ -k|d'v gf}dWo]

;ft dxf;lGw;lxt d"n dxf;lGw !& / P]lR5s cfn]v, kfFr_, dfgjLo sfg'g ;ft, jftfj/0f !$, >d;DaGwL !@ / If]qLo txdf rf/ -;fs{_ afnaflnsf, dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/, vfB tyf jftfj/0f u/L rf/ /x]sf 5g\ . ;f]xL dxf;lGwdf cfwfl/t ljifout sfg'gx¿ cEof;df /x]sf 5g\ .

;du|df x]bf{ ckjfbafx]s dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljBdfg /fli6«o sfg'gL Joj:yfnfO{ ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g / kl/k"lt{sf nflu /fHon] ljleGg ;+/rgfx¿sf] Joj:yf;d]t u/]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] dfgj clwsf/sf k|fylds If]q;d]t tf]sL dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf ;'wf/sf nflu ePsf] k|of;sf] afjh'b b; jif{ nfdf] ;z:q åGå / To;kl5sf] zflGtk|lqmof, ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof, tLg txsf] lgjf{rg eO;s]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] r/0faf6 d'n's u'lh|/x]sf] ;Gbe{df dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / cEof; clxn] klg r'gf}tLk"0f{ b]lvG5 . gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/sf d'2fx¿df clxn] klg ax; hf/L 5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/x¿sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf clxn] klg ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g .

dfgj clwsf/sf cGt/f{li6«o ;+oGq / /fHosf] bfloTj

g]kfnn] k|d'v gf}j6f dxf;lGwx¿dWo] ;ftsf] cg'df]bg u/]sf]] 5 . dxf;lGwsf] cg'df]bgkZrft\ ;/sf/af6 ;DalGwt ljifout ;ldltx¿df k]; ug'{kg]{ k|ltj]bgx¿ ;do–;dodf vfk]/ k]; x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . k|ltj]bgsf] 5nkmnkl5 k|fKt ;'emfjx¿sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;/sf/af6 kxn klg x'Fb} cfPsf] cj:yf 5 . dxf;lGwcg'¿k

2 lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu M List of Multilateral Treaties to which Nepal is a party and A sighatory;

Government of Nepal, Ministry of Law, Justice, Constituent Assembly and Parliamentary Affairs; July 2014 rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf -@)&! ;fpg_ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no, l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+ .


sfg'gx¿nfO{ 3/]n's/0f tyf gLlt / sfo{of]hgfx¿sf] th'{df ug]{ sfo{ klg ePsf 5g\ . df}lns xs sfof{Gjogsf nflu ljleGg sfg'gx¿ lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . plNnlvt ;sf/fTds kxnsf afjh"b dxf;lGwx¿sf] cg'df]bgkl5 ;/sf/n] tf]lsPsf] cjlwdf a'emfpg'kg]{ s'g} klg cfjlws k|ltj]bgx¿ lgwf{l/t ;dodf a'emfpg g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf

dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;/sf/n] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf agfO{ sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . klxnf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfdf ;/sf/n] ;ftj6f, bf];|f]df afx|j6f / t];|f]n] ;qj6f dGqfnonfO{ lhDd]jf/ lgsfosf ¿kdf /fv]sf] lyof] . xfn rf}yf] -cfj @)&!÷@)&@ b]lv @)&%÷@)&^_ sfo{of]hgf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . o; sfo{of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogsf] ;Gbe{df ;a} dGqfnox¿nfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfOPsf] 5 . sfo{of]hgfdf d'VotM !* j6f ljifoj:t'x¿ ;d]l6Psf 5g\ . ;dfj]z ul/Psf ljifox¿df lzIff, :jf:Yo, kf]if0f tyf hg;ª\Vof, >d tyf /f]huf/, ;+:s[lt, sfg'gL tyf Gofo–k|zf;g, jftfj/0f / lbuf] ljsf; /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L dlxnf, ckfËtf, Ho]i7 gful/s / of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;ª\Vos / g]kfnsf] cGt/f{l{i6«o bfloTjsf] sfof{GjognfO{ klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . o;cnjf vfB ;'/Iff, ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo / åGåkLl8t, dfgj clwsf/ lzIff, ;dfj]zL ljsf;, afnaflnsf, cfjf;nfO{ ;d]l6Psf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;]jf / ;'/Iff, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] km};nf / /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/sf] l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog, lx/f;t tyf sf/fuf/ ;'wf/ / ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0fnufotsf ljifox¿ klg ;dflji6 5g\ .

;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifonfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfdf g} k|lt:kwf{Tds ax'bnLo nf]stflGqs zf;g k|0ffnL, gful/s :jtGqtf, df}lns clwsf/, dfgj clwsf/, aflnu dtflwsf/ / cfjlws lgjf{rgsf ;DaGwdf pNn]v 5 . To;}u/L k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtf, :jtGq, lgikIf / ;Ifd Gofokflnsf / sfg'gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/]sf] kfOG5 . ljutsf ;+ljwfgx¿sf] t'ngfdf yk u/L cfly{s, ;fdflhs clwsf/nfO{ ljifox¿ df}lns xssf ¿kdf :yflkt ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfgtM df}lns xsnfO{ sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos P]gx¿ hf/L ug{'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

clxn] d'n's ;‹Lo ;+/rgfdf k|j]z ul/;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfgtM :yfgLo tx, k|fb]lzs tx / ;‹df ;/sf/ u7g eO;s]sf] 5 . /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt, ;efd'v /


pk;efd'v, /fli6«o ;efsf cWoIf / pkfWoIfsf] klg lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . /fi6«klt, pk;efd'v / pkfWoIfdf dlxnf / ;efd'v / cWoIfdf k'?ifsf] k|ltlglwTj /x]]sf] 5 . ;Fu;Fu} ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog k|lqmof cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . k|d'v /fhgLlts bnx¿ g]skf, g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf] s]Gb|Lo g]t[Tjdf ## k|ltzt dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf x'g ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgadf]lhd u7g x'g'kg]{ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljifout ;+j}wflgs cfof]ux¿ u7g ug]{ ;DaGwdf cfjZos k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGo ljifout cfof]ux¿aLrsf] If]qflwsf/ :ki6 x'g g;Sbf hl6ntf k}bf x'g ;Sg] cj:yf 5 . ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v ul/Psf ljz]ift df}lns xs;Fu ;DalGwt sfg'gsf] lgdf{0feGbf klg sfof{Gjog kIf r'gf}tLk"0f{ b]lvg] lglZrt 5 . tLg txsf] lgjf{rgkZrft\ ;/sf/ u7g eO;s] klg ;+ljwfgtM k|bt clwsf/sf] If]qdf :ki6 x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . ;‹Lo ;+/rgfcg';f/ ;‹, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] cfjZos sfg'g lgdf{0f x'g afFsL g} 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL & cGtu{t -wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -#_, wf/f !)(, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(& ;Fu ;DalGwt_ ;‹ / k|b]zsf] ;femf clwsf/sf] ;"rL ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . h;df kmf}hbf/L tyf b]jfgL sfo{ljlw / k|df0f / ;ky -sfg'gL dfGotf, ;fj{hlgs sfo{ / clen]v / Goflos k|lqmof_, cGt/k|fb]lzs ¿kdf km}lnPsf] hËn, lxdfn, jg ;+/If0f If]q hn pkof]u, e"ldgLlt / ;f];DaGwL sfg'g;lxt @% j6f ljifo /flvPsf 5g\ . To;}u/L cg';"rL ( -wf/f %& sf] pkwf/f -%_, wf/f !)(, wf/f !^@ sf] pkwf/f -$_, wf/f !(&, wf/f @!$ sf] pkwf/f -@_, wf/f @@! sf] pkwf/f -@_ / wf/f @@^ sf] pkwf/f -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ ;‹, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;femf ;"rL ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . h;df ;xsf/L, :jf:Yo, s[lif, ljB't, vfg]kfgL, l;rfOF, k|fs[lts ;|f]t;fwgnufotsf !% j6f ljifo 5g\ . o;af6 ;femf ljifodf clwsf/sf] If]qdf ljjfb x'g] ;DefjgfnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsFb}g . ;femf ljifodf xfn;Dd sfg'g aGg g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . sfg'gsf] cefjdf k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] sfo{ ug{ ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . sfg'gtM ;'/Iffnufotsf ljifodf ;‹Lo ;/sf/n] P]g lgdf{0f gu/L k|b]z ;/sf/af6 P]g aGg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . oL ;du| cj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ cfufdL lbgx¿df ;+ljwfgcg';f/ sfg'g lgdf{0f / sfg'g sfof{Gjogdf hl6ntf b]lvg] k|:6 5 . ctM oL ;a} kIfnfO{ ljrf/ u/L gful/ssf] efjgfcg'¿k, dfgj clwsf/d}qL sfg'g lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjog ug{ tLgj6} ;/sf/ ;+j]bgzLn x'g'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/

—dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 lgjf{rg


cfjlws lgjf{rg sfg'gL zf;g / dfgj clwsf/sf] cfwf/ :tDe xf] . hgtfåf/f, hgtfsf] nflu, hgtfn] g} zf;g ;~rfngsf nflu cfkm\gf k|ltlglw 5gf}6 ug]{ dfWod lgjf{rg xf] . lgjf{rg gful/ssf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]usf] cfwf/ Pj+ cledt k|s6 ug]{ Pj+ ;/sf/nfO{ j}wflgstf k|bfg ug]{ ljlw xf] .

Dffgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq !($* sf] wf/f @! df k|To]s JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] b]zsf] ;/sf/df k|ToIf jf :jtGq ¿kn] r'lgPsf k|ltlglwdfkm{t efu lng] clwsf/ x'g], b]zsf] ;/sf/L ;]jfdf ;dfg k|j]zflwsf/sf] clwsf/ x'g] / hgtfsf] OR5f ;/sf/sf] zf;g–;~rfngsf] cfwf/ x'g] eGg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 eg] gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw !(^^ sf] wf/f–@% df k|ToIftM cyjf :jtGqtfk"j{s 5flgPsf k|ltlglwdfk{mt ;fj{hlgs hLjg ;~rfngdf ;xefuL x'g] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt ul/Psf] 5 . dlxnflj?4 ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng;DaGwL dxf;lGw, !(&( sf] wf/f–& n] k'?if;/x dlxnfnfO{ ;a} lgjf{rg tyf hgdt ;ª\u|xdf dt lbg] clwsf/ tyf ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf lgjf{lrt x'g] ;+:yfx¿df lgjf{rgsf] nflu of]Uo x'g] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"t u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L ;a} k|sf/sf hftLo lje]b lgd"{ng ug]{ cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw !(^% n] ;a{JofkL / ;dfg dtbfgsf cfwf/df lgjf{rgdf efu lng], dtbfg ug]{ tyf pDd]bjf/ aGg] clwsf/, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw, @))^ n] cGo JolQmx¿;/x ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ dtbfg ug]{ tyf lgjf{lrt x'g]nufot k|ToIf jf :jtGq ¿kdf r'lgPsf k|ltlglwx¿dfkm{t /fhgLlts tyf ;fj{hlgs hLjgdf k|efjsf/L Pj+ k"0f{¿kdf ;xefuL x'g] clwsf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfdf g} aflnu dtflwsf/ / cfjlws lgjf{rgsf] rrf{ u/L lgjf{rgsf] dxTTjnfO{ :jLsf/ ul/Psf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @@! b]lv @@& ;Dd :yfgLo Joj:yflksfsf] u7g;DaGwL Joj:yf 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/;DaGwL sfg'gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ lgdf{0f ePsf]] lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g @)&#, lgjf{rgsf] :jR5tf, lgikIftf / :jtGqtfsf] k|Tofe"ltsf nflu ag]sf] lgjf{rg -s;'/ tyf ;hfo_ P]g @)&# cl:tTjdf 5g\ . To;}u/L dtbftf gfdfjnL;DaGwL P]g @)&#, :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ ;DaGwdf sfg'gL Joj:yf ug{] p2]]Zosf ;fy lgdf{0f ePsf] :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg P]g, @)&# klg /x]sf 5g\ . lgjf{rg cfof]u lgodfjnL @)&#, :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg lgodfjnL -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ @)&#, :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg cfrf/;+lxtf @)&# ;d]t g]kfnsf] lgjf{rg k|lqmofl;t ;DalGwt 5g\ .

lj=;+= @)%$ ;fndf clGtdk6s lgjf{rg eP klg ljleGg axfgfdf lgjf{rg x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . ut j}zfv #! / c;f/ !$ u/L b'O{ r/0fdf k|b]z g= b'O{afx]s cGo 5 k|b]zdf :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . cfof]un] lgjf{rgnfO{ :jR5,


:jtGq, eo/lxt, lgikIf ¿kdf ;DkGg u/L gful/s / /fhgLlts clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . /fhgLlts bnx¿ Pj+ pDd]bjf/x¿nfO{ :jtGq ¿kdf ultljlw ;~rfng ug{, dtbftfx¿nfO{ lge{ok"j{s dtbfg ug]{ zflGt;'/Iffsf] jftfj/0f ldnfpg cg'/f]w u/]sf] lyof] . k|b]z g= @ df eg] @)&$ c;f]h @ ut] t];f] r/0fdf lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;‹Lo zf;g–k|0ffnLcGtu{t ;DkGg lgjf{rg / o; k|0ffnLnfO{ sfof{Gjogdf n}hfg] klxnf] kfOnfsf] ¿kdf /x]sf]n] klg of] lgjf{rg ljutsf :yfgLo lgjf{rgeGbf ljz]if k|s[ltsf] 5 . :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgkl5 b'O{ r/0fdf ;DkGg k|ltlglw;ef tyf k|b]z;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg @)&$ dª\l;/ !) / @! ut] u/L b'O{ r/0fdf ;DkGg eof] . cfof]uaf6 lgjf{rgdf cg'udgsf] nflu ;ftj6f pRr:t/Lo 6f]nLx¿af6 v6fOPsf lyP . cg'udg ul/Psf lhNnfdf dª\l;/ !) ut] klxnf] r/0fdf #@ / dª\l;/ @! ut] $% /x]sf lyP . klxnf] r/0fdf pRRf lxdfnL If]qsf dgfª, d':tfª, 8f]Nkf, afh'/f / x'Dnf lhNnfdf ;d]t cg'udg ul/Psf] lyof] . clws[t;lxtsf] cg'udg 6f]nLafx]s dfggLo cWoIf, k"j{–cWoIf, dfggLo ;b:ox¿ / cfof]usf ;lrj;lxtsf] pRr:t/Lo cg'udg 6f]nLn] klg lgjf{rg cg'udg u/]sf] lyyf] . lgjf{rg / dfgj clwsf/sf ;jfndf cfwfl/t /xL a|f];/ ljt/0f, :yfgLo Pkm=Pd=/]l8of]x¿af6 lgjf{rg / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL lhËn g]kfnL / :yfgLo efiffx¿df ;d]t pTkfbg u/L k|;f/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . cfof]un] dtbfgk"j{, dtbfgsf] lbg / dtbfgkl5sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf] cg'udgsf nflu ljleGg ;"rsx¿ lgdf{0f u/]sf] lyof] . dtbfgk"j{sf] cg'udgdf pDd]bjf/÷bnx¿n] :jtGq ¿kdf lgjf{rg;DaGwL ultljlw ug{ kfP–gkfPsf], lgjf{rg If]qdf cfjt–hfjtsf] :jtGqtf /x]–g/x]sf], cfd;ef tyf h'n'; ug{ kfP–gkfPsf], pDd]bjf/x¿n] lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf nflu afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u eP–gePsf] nufotsf ljifox¿ /x]sf lyP .

Dftbfgsf] lbg dtbfg–s]Gb|| pko'{Qm :yfgdf eP–gePsf], dtbftfx¿sf] dtbfg–s]Gb||;Ddsf] lgjf{w cfjfudg /x]–g/x]sf], dtbfg–s]Gb||sf] jftfj/0f, dtbftfn] cfˆgf] dt uf]Ko¿kdf k|of]u ug{ kfP–gkfPsf] ljifo ;dfj]z lyP . To;}u/L an k|of]u u/L jf 8/, wfs, qf; b]vfO{ dtbfg :yn cfˆgf] sAhfdf lng jf dtkq÷dtk]l6sf jf dtbfg ;fdu|L ha/h:tL cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lng], laufg]{ tyf gi6 ug]{ sfo{ eP–gePsf] ljifo klg pNn]v lyP . o;sf ;fy} Ho]i7 gful/s, dlxnf, ckfË, czQm tyf b[li6ljxLgnufotsf dtbftfx¿nfO{ dtbfg ug{sf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf, vfg]kfgL jf zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf eP–gePsf], ko{j]Ifsx¿sf] kx'Fr /x]–g/x]sf] h:tf ljifox¿ /x]sf lyP .

lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g' cfkm}Fdf ;sf/fTds kIf lyof] . o;af6 ;dfj]lztfsf] d'2fdf 6]jf k'Ug'sf ;fy} dlxnf, blnt dlxnf, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] /fhgLltdf kx'Frdf j[l4 x'g uPsf] kfOG5 . cfof]un] u/]sf] cg'udgsf] cfwf/df k|fKt tYocg';f/ cf+lzs


36gfx¿afx]s lgjf{rg zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . dtbftf lzIff k|efjsf/L gePsf], dtbftfx¿ cndndf k/]sf], sltko dtbftf kl/rokqdf qmd;ª\Vof, gfd, y/, j8f km/s k/]sf] b]lvGYof] . gfd btf{ ul/Psf] l:nk eP klg dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd gePsf] cj:yf lyof] . sltko dtbfg s]Gb| 6f9f Pj+ ckfos :yfgdf ePsf] x'Fbf h]i7 gful/s, ;'Ts]/L, la/fdL / ckfËtf, czQm JolQmx¿sf nflu dtbfg sfo{ c;xh aGg k'u]sf] lyof] . bnx¿n] lgjf{rgsf] k|rf/ k|;f/, h'n';, cfd;efnufotdf afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf]] kfOPsf] lyof] . sltko dtbfg s]Gb|x¿df kof{Kt vfg]kfgL, zf}rfno / k|fylds pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyPg .

cfof]un] cg'udgaf6 k|fKt tYox¿sf] cfwf/df ljZn]if0f u/L $% a'Fbfdf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug'{sf ;fy} ;'emfj k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . h;df ;/sf/nfO{ gf}, lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ rf}w, /fhgLlts bn tyf pDd]bjf/x¿nfO{ ;ft, cg'udgstf{, ko{j]Ifs ;+:yf tyf dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿nfO{ cf7 / ;~rf/sdL{x¿nfO{ ;ft /x]sf lyP . ;/sf/nfO{ u/]sf] l;kmfl/;df lgjf{rg ldlt tf]Sg] clwsf/ lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ lbg, lgjf{rgsf] ;dofg's"n df};ddf x'g'kg]{, cfd gful/sn] eo/xLt jftfj/0fdf dt lbg kfpg] cj:yfsf] ;'lglZrt ul/g'kg]{ pNn]v 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ dtbftf lzIff k|efjsf/L agfpg, dlxnf, Ho]i7 gful/s, ckfËtfd}qL dtbfg:ynsf] 5gf}6, vfg]kfgL, zf}rfno, k|fylds :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] pknAwtfdf Wofg lbg, dtbftf kl/rokqdf ePsf sdLsdhf]/L x6fpg eg]sf] 5 . o:t} u/L /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ cfrf/;+lxtf kfngf ug{ / afnaflnsfnfO{ k|of]u gug{ cfJxfg ub}{ ko{j]Ifsx¿nfO{ lgikIf¿kdf ko{j]If0f ug{ ;'emfOPsf] 5 .3

—hLjgsf] clwsf/

dof{lbt Pj+ ;Ddflgt ¿kdf hLjgofkg ug{ kfpg' k|To]s JolQmsf] g};lu{s clwsf/ xf] . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($* sf] wf/f # / gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o cle;lGw, !(^^ sf] wf/f ^ df k|To]s JolQmnfO{ hLjgsf] clwsf/ k|Tofe"lt ub}{ :j]R5frf/L 9ª\un] s;}sf] klg hLjg x/0f ug{ gkfOg] egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;f]xL cle;lGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s cfn]v, !(*( df d[To'b08 pGd"ng;DaGwL Joj:yfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] d[To'b08 lbg gkfpg] Joj:yf u/L afFRg kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ df}lns xssf] ¿kdf :yflkt u/]sf] 5 .

3.lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf nflu x]g'{xf];\, http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Parliament_&_State_Election_2074_Monitoring_Report.pdf


dfly plNnlvt Joj:yfsf afah'b hLjgsf] clwsf/ k"0f{tM ;'/lIft x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . o; cfjdf ljleGg ;~rf/dfWoddf k|sflzt ;dfrf/nfO{ x]bf{ jif{el/df hDdf %!* j6f / g]kfn k|x/Lsf] tYofÍcg';f/ *%* j6f cfk/flws k|s[ltsf Hofg;DaGwL 36gfx¿ 36sf] b]lvG5 . JolQmut l/;–OjL, n]gb]g, cfkmGtleq snx, emu8f, l/;/funufotsf sf/0fx¿af6 o:tf 36gf ePsf] kfOG5 . o; cfjdf cfof]udf hLjgsf] clwsf/;DaGwL !( j6f ph'/L btf{ ePsf] cj:yf 5 .

o; cjlwdf cfof]un] tTsfnLg g]skf -Pdfn]_–åf/f /fhlj/fhdf @)&# kmfu'g @# ut] cfof]lht sfo{qmd clGtd cj:yfdf em8kdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . ;+o'Qm nf]stflGqs dw];L df]rf{ / ;'/IffsdL{x¿aLrsf] em8ksf] qmddf k|x/Ln] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL rf/ hgfsf] Hofg hfg'sf] ;fy} bh{gf}+ JolQmx¿ 3fOt] ePsf lyP . o; ;DaGwdf 5fglagsf] nflu cfof]un] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k"j{–GofofwLz tflx/cln cG;f/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cg';Gwfg 6f]nL u7g u/]sf] lyof] . 6f]nLn] a'emfPsf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ cfof]un] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . o; jif{ cfof]uaf6 u}/Goflos xTof ePsf] egL $!, -tTsfnLg ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}h #!, tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ 5, lx/f;tdf d[To' tLg / ad–ljikmf]6gdf k/L lgwg Ps_ j6f ph'/Ldfly lg0f{o u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

o;cnjf cGo sf/0faf6 klg dflg;n] Hofg u'dfpg'k/]sf] 5 . ljZj :jf:Yo ;Ë7gsf] j8{ x]Ny :6fl6l:S; @)!* n] g]kfnsf] :jf:Yo cj:yfsf] af/]df klg pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ k|ltnfv lhljt aRrfdWo] @%* ljljw ue{;DaGwL ;d:ofsf] sf/0f Hofg u'dfpg'k/]sf] 5 . afn d[Tob/ k|ltxhf/df #$=% k|ltzt /x]sf] l:ylt 5 . g;g]{ /f]uaf6 x'g] d[To'b/ -#)—&) jif{_ @!=* k|ltzt 5 . k|b"if0fsf] sf/0f k|ltjif{ Ps nfvdf !(# / ;/;kmfOsf] sf/0f k|ltnfvdf !(=* k|ltzt dflg; d[To'sf] d'vdf k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . PrcfOeLsf] sf/0f P8\; k|ltxhf/df )=#, Ifo/f]uaf6 k|ltnfvdf !%$ hgf, dn]l/ofaf6 k|ltnfvdf )=( k|ltztn] Hofg u'dfpb} cfPsf 5g\ . ;8s b'3{6gfaf6 k|ltnfvdf !& hgf hgfn], cfTdxTof k|ltnfvdf *=* / k|fs[lts ljklQaf6 k|ltnfvdf ;ft hgfn] Hofg u'dfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

—b08xLgtf

b08xLgtf sfg'gljxLgtf jf sfof{Gjogdf lglZqmotfsf] cj:yf xf] . dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf b08xLgtf ljutb]lv g} Pp6f 7"nf] r'gf}tLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . ljz]iftM åGåsfnLg cfk/flws 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg, cleof]hg gug{' / kLl8tnfO{ Gofo lbg g;Sg' jf Gofo lbg k|ToIf jf k/f]If ¿kdf OGsf/ ug'{ b08xLgtfsf] cj:yfsf ;"rsx¿ x'g\ . b08xLgtfn] kLl8tsf] Gofok|flKtsf] clwsf/ pkef]udf cj/f]w l;h{gf ub{5 . dfgj clwsf/ Pj+ dfgjLo sfg'gsf] uDeL/ pNn‹g tyf ck/fwdf ;+nUg clwsf/L÷JolQmx¿nfO{ clxn];Dd klg sfg'gL bfo/fdf Nofpg g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .


kmf}hbf/L ck/fwdf hfx]/L lng OGsf/ ul/g', k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg gx'g', ljrf/fwLg d'2f lkmtf{ lnOg', cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7x/ ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ sfg'gL sf/afxL bfo/fdf Nofpg g;Sg''nufotsf sf/0faf6 b08xLgtfn] k|>o kfPsf] cj:yf 5 . To;}u/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uaf6 bf]ifL ls6fg eO{ sf/afxLsf] ul/Psf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog gxF'bf b08xLgtfdf sdL cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . dfgj clwsf/ xggsf bf]ifL Pj+ ck/fwdf ;+nUgx¿ /fhgLlts cfj/0fdf kmfObf lnO/x]sf 5g\ .

-s_ cfof]usf l;kmfl/;sf] sfof{Gjosf] cj:yf

åGåsf] qmddf @)^) c;f]h @! ut] ;'/IffsdL{åf/f kqmfp u/L wg'iff lhNnfsf] uf]bf/l:yt sdnf gbLsf] lsgf/df k'l/Psf kfFr j6f dfgj cjz]ifx¿ zjf]Tvgg\ u/L cg';Gwfg u/]sf] lyof] . cfof]un] pQm 36gfnfO{ uDeL/ dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] 7x/ u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ul/;s]sf] 5 . xfn;Dd klg cf/f]lkt clwsf/Lx¿nfO{ sfg'gL bfo/fdf NofOPsf] 5}g . cfof]un] uDeL/ k|s[ltsf dfgj clwsf/ pn+3gstf{x¿sf] gfd ;fj{hlgs ug]{ tkm{ cWoog ul//x]sf] 5 .

o; jif{ cfof]un] cfof]usf s]xL l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog / kLl8tsf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . h;df xTof, d[To', 3fOt] / dlxnf lx+;fsf !& 36gf ;dfj]z lyP . kLl8tx¿sf] gfdfjnL 6]a'ndf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .4

xTof, d[To' / 3fOt]

-!_ rf}tf/f c:ktfn cfqmd0f, l;Gw'kfNrf]s -@_ /fhs'df/ pk|]tL, bf]nvf -#_ 6Lsf/fh cf/0f, /fd]5fk -$_ u0f]zs'df/ >]i7, /fd]5fk -%_ >L ljBf dlGb/ pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf] k|fË0fsf] 36gf, c5fd -^_ axfb'/k'/ 36gf, kfNkf -&_ gu/sf]6 -lrxfg 8fF8f_ 36gf, eQmk'/ -*_ /t~5f 36gf, vf]6fª -(_ l/gf /;fOnL, z'eb|f rf}nfufO{+ / l/gf /;fOnL, sfe|]knfGrf]s -!)_ d'lQmgfy clwsf/L, ndh'ª -!!_ t]haxfb'/ e08f/L, ndh'ª -!@_ a]njf/L 36gf, df]/ª -!#_ ljdnf kf7s, emfkf -!$_ /fh]Gb| 9sfn, uf]/vf -!%_ d'8e/f 36gf, 8f]6L

dlxnf lx+;f

-!^_ ;x]lbg vft'g, ;'g;/L -!&_ d'gfb]jL bdfO{, s}nfnL

cfof]un] @)%& ;fnb]lv @)&$ ;fn c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf l;kmfl/; / ltgsf] sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf x]bf{ s"n *!) l;kmfl/;dWo] !@=% k|ltzt k"0f{ sfof{Gjog $*=#

4.http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Study_Report_on_Implementation_of_Com_Recomm_&_the_Condition_of_Vicitims_Jestha_2075_Com.pdf


k|ltzt cf+lzs sfof{Gjog / #(=@ k|ltzt ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] kfOG5 . t/ g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{noaf6 ePsf] cWoog k|ltj]bgn] cfof]usf !%=@! k|ltzt l;kmfl/; k"0f{¿kn] sfof{Gjog ePsf] !^=** k|ltzt sfof{Gjog ePsf] t/ nut s§f ug{ afFsL /x]sf], ^)=$$ k|ltzt cf+lzs sfof{Gjog ePsf] / &=$& k|ltzt l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . tYofÍdf km/skgf b]lvP klg cfof]usf l;kmfl/; 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf sfof{Gjog gePsf] oyfy{tf cfof]usf] ;fd" r'gf}tLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 .5

-v_ cbfntaf6 ePsf km};nfx¿sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf

o; cfly{s jif{ kmf}hbf/L d'2fx¿df ;a} lhNnf cbfntx¿af6 u/L c;"n x'g'kg]{ s}bsf] s"n nut !,$%,^$(.).@$ -Ps nfv k}FtfnL; xhf/ ;o ;o pgfGkrf; jif{ rf}jL; lbg_ /x]sf]df ;f] dWo] ##,%@@.%.@$ -t]QL; xhf/ kfFr ;o afO; jif{ kfFr dlxgf rf}aL; lbg_ cyf{t\ @#=)@ k|ltzt s}b c;"n eO{ !,!@,!@^.&.) -Ps nfv afx| xhf/ Ps ;o 5AaL; jif{ ;ft dlxgf_ s}b c;"n x'g afFsL /x]sf] b]lvG5 .6

ljz]if cleofg nfu" u/]kZrft\ s}btkm{ !^@@ jif{ ( dlxgf @! lbg s}b km5of}{6 ePsf], ?=^#, ^&,^!.!!).!& hl/jfgf km5of}{6 ePsf] dWo] gub c;'nLtkm{ @#,^),*^@#(.#( / s}b 7]s]/ c;'n ePsf] $),)^,&$,*&).&* b]lvG5 . o;/L s}b / gubL c;'n ul/Psf]] JolQm ;ª\Vof $,&)! /x]sf] 5 .7

cbfntsf km};nf sfof{Gjogsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn k|x/Lsf] ljz]if e"ldsf /lxcfPsf] 5 . ljz]iftM km/f/ ck/fwL kqmfp ug]{ lhDd]jf/L k|x/Ldf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfn k|x/Ls} tYofÍn] klg b08xLgtfsf] ;Daf]wg x'g g;s]sf] b]vfpF5 .

dfly plNnlvt tYoaf6 klg k|:6 x'G5M clxn] klg b08xLgtfsf] cj:yfdf ck]lIft ;'wf/ cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . dfgj clwsf/ xgg Pj+ ck/fwsf 36gfx¿sf] k'g/fjl[Q ePsf] cj:yf 5 . ljBdfg b08xLgtfsf] cj:yf cGTo ug{ d"ntM ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts bnx¿df OR5fzlQmsf] cefj 5 . ctM b08xLgtfsf] cGTosf nflu /fhgLlts k|lta4tf;lxt k|efjsf/L sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjog cTofjZos b]lvG5 .

;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo

5.http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Study_Report_on_Implementation_of_Com_Recomm_&_the_Condition_of_Vicitims_Jestha_2075_Com.pdf 6. http://supremecourt.gov.np/web/assets/downloads/annual/An7374.pdf 7. Ibid


sl/a Ps bzs nfdf] ;z:q åGåsf] cGTo ug]{ qmddf g]kfn ;/sf/ / tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] lj:t[t zflGt–;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf sltko sfo{x¿ ;DkGg x'g cem} afFsL g} 5 . ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf xTof, cËeË, ank"j{s a]kQf, ckx/0f, oftgf tyf s'6lk6, of}ghGo lx+;f, ;DklQ sAhf Pj+ gi6 tyf ank"j{s lj:yfkgnufotsf 36gfx¿af6 kLl8t JolQmx¿sf dfu cem} ;Daf]wg x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . zflGt;Demf}tf ePsf] P3f/ jif{ JotLt eO;Sbf klg kLl8tn] Gofosf] cg'e"lt ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

nfdf] ;dosf] k|tLIffkl5 aNntNn ank"j{s a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx¿sf] 5fglag Pj+ ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u;DaGwL P]g @)&! hf/L eof] . ;f]xL P]gsf] cfwf/df ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u / a]kQf JolQmx¿sf] 5fglag cfof]u u7g eP . P]gsf] bkmf #* df cfof]usf] sfo{sfn cfof]u u7g ePsf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{ / sfo{ ;DkGg x'g g;s]sf Ps jif{;Dd yKg ;lsg] k|fjwfg 5 . b'j} ldlt u'lh|;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . cGttM cfof]usf] Dofb :jtM ;dfKt x'g] ePkl5 klxnf] ;+zf]wg cWofob]z @)&$ hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] .

a]kQf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof]udf hDdf #!(& ph'/L k/]sf] b]lvG5 . h;dWo] $!$ j6f ;Tolg¿k0f d]nldnfk cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/leq kg]{ ePsf]n] k7fPsf] / !!( j6f bf]xf]/f] k/]sf] egL uflePsf] 5 . ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u, g]kfnåf/f @)&$ df3 @^ ut] hf/L k|];lj1lKtnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] o; cfof]udf @)&#÷!÷% b]lv @)&#÷@^ ;Ddsf] klxnf] r/0fdf %*,)%@ ;ª\Vofdf ph'/Lx¿ k|fKt ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L @)&$÷#÷@% b]lv ;fpg @$ ;Dd 5'6 ePsf ph'/Lx¿ ;Íng ul/Psf]df !,@^# ph'/L yk ePsf lyP . b'O{ r/0fdf u/L hDdf ^!,^!% ph'/Lx¿ btf{ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo

/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uaf6 ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf cfj @)&$÷)&% df lgDgadf]lhdsf sfo{x¿ ePsf lyP . cfof]usf] /0fgLlts of]hgf @)!%–@)@) sf] k|ltkmn !=# cGtu{tsf] /0fgLlt !=#=! df åGåsfnLg 36gfsf kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg] clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"t x'g] ljifo /x]sf]n] ;f]xL nIo k|fKt ug{sf nflu sfo{qmdx¿ ul/Psf lyP .

-!_ cfof]uaf6 ;+qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf ;DaGwdf tn pNn]v ePadf]lhd ljleGg ldltdf 5j6f k|fb]lzs tyf sf7df8f}Fdf Ps u/L ;ftj6f cGtlqm{ofx¿ ul/Psf lyP . sfo{qmddf cfof]usf dfggLo ;b:o ;DalGwt lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, åGåkLl8t ;femf rf}tf/Lsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ tyf kLl8tx¿, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;gsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf]


pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

qm=;+= sfo{qmd ldlt / :yfg s}lkmot

! ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{ofÆ

@)&$÷&÷@*

g]kfnuGh

/fdccfsf df= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7s / ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]usf ;b:o >Ls[i0f ;'j]bLsf] pkl:ylt

@ ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{ofÆ

@)&$÷*÷!

;'v]{t

/fdccfsf df= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7s / a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof]usf ;b:o 8f= lji0f' kf7ssf] pkl:ylt

# ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{ofÆ

@)&$÷(÷!(

lj/f6gu/

/fdccfsf df= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7s, a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof]usf cWoIf nf]s]Gb| dlNns / ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]usf ;b:o d~rnf emfsf] pkl:ylt

$ ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{ofÆ

@)&$÷(÷@$

hgsk'/

/fdccfsf df= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7s / a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof]usf cWoIf nf]s]Gb| dlNnssf] pkl:ylt

% ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{ofÆ

@)&$÷!!÷#

kf]v/f

/fdccfsf df= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7s / a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof]usf cWoIf nf]s]Gb| dlNns;lxtsf] pkl:ylt

^ ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{ofÆ

@)&%÷@÷!!

wgu9L

& ……;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf cfufdL sfo{lbzf

@)&$÷(÷^

sf7df8f}F

cfof]u / åGåkLl8t nufotsf dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿sf] pkl:yt

-@_ cfof]uaf6 @)&$÷!)÷@@ df cfof]usf] sfof{no xl/x/ejgdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L !! a'Fbfx¿df s]lGb|t eO{ ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] .

-#_ cfof]uaf6 @)&%÷#÷@^ df cfof]usf] sfof{no xl/x/ejgdf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 cfPsf] a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag cfof]u /


;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u P]g, @)&! df ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] ljw]ospk/ 5nkmn tyf k/fdz{{ sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf pkTosfsf af/ P;f]l;P;gsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ tyf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ clwjQmfx¿nfO{ cfdGq0f ul/Psf] lyof] . 5nkmnkZrft\ cfof]uaf6 g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ljw]os;DaGwdf cfˆgf] /fo k7fOPsf] lyof] .

;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf l;4fGtleq ;To kQf nufpg], kLl8tnfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{, uDeL/ dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / eljiodf o:tf 36gf gx'g] ;'lglZrttf kb{5g\ . P]gdf plNnlvt sltko k|fjwfgx¿af6 kLl8tx¿nfO{ Gofo k|bfg ug]{ s'/f ;'lglZrt b]lvFb}g . oxL kIfnfO{ dgg u/L ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg kLl8t kIfaf6 bfo/ ePsf] l/6dfly ;'g'jfO u/L kLl8tcd}qL k|fjwfgx¿ vf/]h ul/lbPsf] 5 . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un] klg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ljleGg ldltdf åGåsfnLg d'2fx¿ ;Daf]wg ug]{ ;DaGwdf ;'emfjx¿ k|:t't ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfaf6 kLl8tx¿ Gofosf] dfu ul//x]sf 5g\ . oL k|oTgsf afah'b Gofok|flKtsf] l:ylt Tolt ;xh b]lvPsf] 5}g . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg tyf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g Pj+ ;Ddflgt ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] km};nfadf]lhd cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ug'{ ;/sf/sf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . o:tf uDeL/ k|s[ltsf dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL ug'{ ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] Pp6f dxTTjk"0f{ kIf klg xf] . a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag, ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u P]g @)&! sf sltko k|fjwfgx¿dfly /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o txaf6 k|Zgx¿ p7fOPsf] 5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08nfO{ ;Daf]wg x'g] u/L P]g ;+zf]wg;lxt Nofpg cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . clxn];Dd klg P]gdf ;+zf]wgsf] ljifo 5nkmndf dfq s]lGb|t ePsf] cj:yf 5 .

d'n'sdf lbuf] zflGt / ;d'lrt Gofo Joj:yf sfodsf nflu /fHoaf6 ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] d'2fnfO{ ;N6fpg l9nf eO;s]sf] 5 . ;Tosf] vf]hL / hfgsf/L, cleo'Qmx¿sf] klxrfg, 36gfx¿sf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg, cleof]hg / bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . kLl8t / ;fIfLx¿sf] ;+/If0f, xflgk"/0f;DaGwL sfg'gL Joj:yf / To;sf] sfof{Gjog, d]nldnfk, bf]ifLx¿åf/f ;fj{hlgs dfkmL / 36gfsf] k'g/fj[lt gx'g] s'/fsf] ;'lglZrttf cfjZos 5 . /fli6«o d]nldnfk / lbuf] zflGtsf] vf]hLnufotsf ljifo clxn] plQs} dxTTjk"0f{ / ;fGble{s /x]sf 5g\ .

oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/


oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/ cx/0fLo dfgj clwsf/ xf] . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL

3f]if0ffkq, !($* sf] wf/f % / gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ljifos cg'aGw,

!(^^ sf] wf/f & n] klg oftgfnfO{ lgif]w u/]sf] 5 . oftgf, qm"/ / cdfgjLo Pj+

ckdfghgs Jojxf/lj?4sf] dxf;lGw, !(*$ nfO{ g]kfnn] cg'df]bg ul/;s]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ n] oftgflj?4sf] xsnfO{ df}lns xsdf ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 .

oftgf Ifltk"lt{ P]g, @)%# n] cg';Gwfg, txlssft jf k'k{Ifsf] l;nl;nfdf jf c¿

s'g} lsl;dn] y'gfdf /x]sf] s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ oftgf lbg gx'g] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf]

5 .

oftgflj?4sf] dxf;lGw / ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfadf]lhd oftgf lbg] sfo{ b08gLo ck/fw

dflgP klg g]kfn sfg'gn] xfn;Dd oftgfnfO{ b08gLo agfPsf] 5}g . oftgf lbg]

sfo{nfO{ b08gLo agfpg] ;Gbe{df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uaf6 k6s–k6s ;'emfj

lbPsf] cj:yf 5 . oftgfnfO{ ck/fw dfgL sfg'g agfpg" egL ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]

lgb]{zg Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL cfjlws ;dLIff / ;lGwut lgsfox¿sf

l;kmfl/;x¿sf] o; cfj;Dd klg sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

Joj:yflksf ;+;b\af6 @)&$ c;f]h #) ut] hf/L eO{ @)&% ebf} ! ut]af6 nfu"

sfg'gdf oftgf;DaGwL ljifonfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . s;}nfO{ lgd{d oftgf,

cdfgjLo jf ckdfghGo Jojxf/ u/]df To;af6 s;'/sf] uDeL/tf a9\g], s;}nfO{

lgd{d oftgf lbO{ jf lgd{dtfk"j{s Hofg df/]df hGds}b x'g] pNn]v 5 . k|rlnt

sfg'gadf]lhd s;'/sf] cg';Gwfg ug]{, cleof]hg ug]{, sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ jf

sfg'gadf]lhd lgoGq0f, lx/f;t jf y'gfdf /fVg] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s;}nfO{

zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s oftgf lbg jf lbg nufpg jf lgd{d, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs

Jojxf/ ug{ jf u/fpg gx'g] elgPsf] 5 . To:tf] sfo{ u/]df uDeL/tf x]/L sDtLdf kfFr

jif{;Dd s}b jf krf; xhf/ ¿lkofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g] / s;'/ ug]{

JolQmaf6 kLl8t JolQmnfO{ k'u]sf] Iflt jf kL8fafkt dgfl;j Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] Joj:yf

ul/Psf] 5 .

oftgflj?4sf] ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg cbfnt / cfof]uaf6 eO/x] tfklg ;/sf/L tj/df

dxf;lGw / ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;adf]lhd cnu :jtGq lgsfosf] Joj:yf x'g ;s]sf]

5}g . ;fIfL / kLl8tsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu klg cfjZos ;+oGq lgdf{0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

kqmfp ubf{ / y'gfaf6 l/xfO ubf{ ;a} aGbLx¿sf] plrt :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/g'kg]{

k|fjwfg k"0f{tM sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . y'gf s]Gb|x¿df ck]lIft ;'wf/ x'g g;s]sf]

l:ylt 5 . ;z:q åGådf 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf JolQmx¿ oftgfaf6 kLl8t eP t/ pgLx¿sf]


cflwsfl/s tYofÍ 5}g . åGåsf] qmddf 36]sf d'2fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ u7g ePsf]

;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGqn] klg sfd ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

oftgflj?4sf clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg / ;+/If0fsf] cfwf/ sfof{Gjogsf] ;'lglZrttfdf lge{/

x'G5 . /fli6«o :t/df oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/ pkef]udf ;'lglZrttf, cfjZos sfg'gL,

k|zf;lgs, Joj:yfksLo jf cGo pkfox¿ cjnDjg ug{ Pj+ cfof]usf l;kmfl/;

sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos 5 . oftgflj?4sf] ;ldltdf cfjlws ¿kdf lgoldt k|ltj]bg

k]; ug{ / ;ldltn] cf}FNofPsf ljifonfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ h?/L 5 .

—aGbLx¿sf] clwsf/

g]kfndf sf/fuf/sf] cf}krfl/s Oltxf; nfdf] 5 . lj=;+= !(&! ;fndf ;j{k|yd

sf7df8f}F huGgfy b]jndf Ps sf/fuf/sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof], h;nfO{ ;b/ h]n

elgGYof] . xfn pQm h]nnfO{ s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/, sf/fuf/ sfof{no sf7df8f}F eGg] ul/G5 .

sf/fuf/nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ lj=;+ @)!( ;fndf sf/fuf/ P]g / @)@) ;fndf sf/fuf/

lgodfjnL hf/L eO{ xfn;Dd sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] 5 . To;kl5 qmdzM sf/fuf/nfO{

;hfo u[xsf] ¿kdf xf]Og ;'wf/u[xsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug{'kb{5 eGg] dfGotfsf] ljsf;

x'Fb} cfPsf] b]lvG5 .8

sfg'gtM ck/fwafkt tf]lsPsf] ;hfosf] eflubf/ x'g'k/] klg s}bLaGbLx¿sf ljleGg

clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ul/Psf] 5 . s}bLaGbLsf dlxnf / k'?if 5'6ØfO{{ kfP;Dd

5'§f5'§} 3/df / ;f] geP Pp6} 3/df /fVg'kg]{ ePdf k/:k/ e]63f6 jf s'/fsfgL ug{

gkfpg] u/L ;f] 3/sf] leGffleGg} efudf /fVg'kb{5 . To;}u/L y'g'jf / s}bL Pp6}

sf/fuf/df /fVg] Joj:yf ePsf]df y'g'jf / s}bL 5'6ØfO oyf;Dej 5'§f5'§}, @!

jif{d'lgsf] / @! jif{dflysf] s}bL jf y'g'jfnfO{ 5'6ØfO{ oyf;Dej cnucnu

/flvg'kb{5 . To;}u/L b]jfgL d'2f / kmf}hbf/L d'2fsf s}bLnfO{, /f]uL y'g'jf jf s}bL,

dfgl;s ;d:of ePsf y'g'jf jf s}bLnfO{ 5'6ØfO{{ oyf;Dej leGg} efudf / kmf}hbf/L

d'2fdf ;hfo kfPsf s}bLnfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ leGg} sf]7fdf /fVg'kb{5 .

sf/fuf/ Joj:yfkg ljefusf] tYofÍcg';f/ g]kfndf af/f, wg'iff / eQmk'/afx]ssf &@ lhNnfdf &$ sf/fuf/x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . lgdf{0f ul/Psf sf/fuf/x¿df sf7df8f}F /

8.http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Karagar_Hirasat_Anguman_Report_Kartik_2074_Compressed.pdf


bfªdf b'O{–b'O{ / cGodf Ps–Ps /x]sf 5g\ . afn ;'wf/u[xsf] xsdf eg] eQmk'/, df]/ª / sf:sLdf Ps–Ps u/L hDdf tLg /x]sf 5g\ . sf/fuf/ Joj:yfkgf ljefusf cg';f/ d'n'se/ /x]sf sf/fuf/x¿df !),$## -yk ePsf] Ifdtf;lxt_ s}bLaGbL /fVg ;Sg] Ifdtf 5 . To;}u/L tLgj6f ;'wf/u[xdf !^ jif{d'lgsf !&% -afn ;'wf/u[x ;fgf]l7dL eQmk'/ &% / ;f/ªsf]6 sf:sL / lj/f6gu/ df]/ªdf %)–%) hgf_ hgf afn s}bLaGbL /fVg ldNg] Ifdtf 5 . sf/fuf/ / afn ;'wf/u[xsf] s'n Ifdtf !)^)* x'g cfp5 . c;f/ d;fGt;Dd @)&% ;Ddsf] tYofÍ x]bf{ k'?if / dlxnf s}bLaGbLsf] ;ª\Vof qmdzM !*)&$ / !@*^ /x]sf] 5 . o;afx]s ^) hgf cfl>t / !)*& hgf ljb]zL 5g\ . s'n of] ;ª\Vof @)%)& b]lvG5 .

cfof]uaf6 ePsf] cg'udgaf6 sf/fuf/x¿df uDeL/ k|s[ltsf ck/fw / ;fdfGo ck/fwdf ;+nUgnfO{ ;Fu} Ps} :yfgdf /flvPsf] Pj+ d'2f km};nf eO{ cleof]u k|dfl0ft ePsf / k'k{Ifsf nflu y'gfdf /flvPsf JolQmx¿nfO{ klg Ps} :yfgdf /flvg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . pgLx¿nfO{ :yfgfGt/0f ug{ klg ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . clwsf+z sf/fuf/x¿ k'/fgf ejgx¿df /x]sf sf/0f hL0f{ eO{ c;'/lIft ePsf], olsg tYofÍ gx'Fbf 5'6]sf JolQmx¿ ;dodf 5'6\g k|fljlws sl7gfO /x]sf] / IfdtfeGbf a9L aGbLx¿nfO{ y'gfdf /flvPsf] ljifodf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uaf6 ;do–;dodf ePsf l;kmfl/;÷;'emfjx¿ sfof{Gjog gx'Fbf aGbLx¿sf] cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ g} hf]lvddf k/]sf] cj:yf 5 .

k|foM sf/fuf/sf] ef}lts cj:yf cToGt sdhf]/ /x]sf] 5 . aGbLu[xx¿ ;fF3'/f, cFWof/f jf lr;f 5g\ . IfdtfeGbf emG8} tLgu'gf a9L aGbLx¿ Pp6} sf]7fdf u'lD;P/ a:g'k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . sf/fuf/sf] a;fO si6s/ ePsf] / vfg]kfgL, zf}rfno, :jf:Yof]krf/nufotsf ;d:ofx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ . ck/fwafktsf] ;hfo :jfefljs 5 t/ cfwf/e"t cfjZostfaf6 pgLx¿nfO{ aflx/ /flvg' lgZro klg dfgj clwsf/sf] d"NodfGotfeGbf aflx/sf] s'/f xf] .

aGbLx¿nfO{ hLljsf]kfh{gsf] nflu lbOg] /sd b}lgs $% ?lkofF / cfl>t afnaflnsfsf] nflu pknJw u/fOFb} cfPsf] /sd !) ?lkofFn] a9\bf] dxFuLnfO{ wfGg g;Sg] cj:yf 5 . o; ;DaGwdf ;f];lxt rf8kj{ vr{sf] /sd ?=#))÷ ;dofg's"n gePsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]un] k6s–k6s ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; Pj+ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpb} cfPsf] 5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] sf/fuf/sf s}bLaGbLsf] Go"gtd cfjZostf k"lt{ x'g] u/L l;wf / eQf /sddf j[l4 ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ k/dfb]z lbPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] l;kmfl/; Pj+ cbfntsf] k/dfb]z nfu" x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .


sf/fuf/sf] ef}lts / Joj:yfksLo kIf ;'wf/ sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bg @)^* n] sf/fuf/sf] cj:yf ;'wf/ ;DaGwdf lgDg ;'emfjx¿ k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] M

dd{t ug'{kg{] sf/fuf/x¿

sf/fuf/ sfof{no kfFry/, t]x|y'd, ef]hk'/, bf]nvf, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, g'jfsf]6, sfe|]knfGrf]s, huGgfyb]jn, l8NnLahf/, /f}tx6, k;f{, :ofªhf, d':tfª, /f]Nkf, ;Nofg, 8f]Nkf, 8f]6L, aemfª, a}t8L, ndh'ª, bfr'{nf, s~rgk'/, h'Dnf, sflnsf]6, b}n]v, hfh/sf]6, alb{of u/L @* j6f sf/fuf/x¿ dd{t;Def/ ug{ cTofjZos b]lvPsf] x'Fbf k|ltsf/fuf/ ?= !%,)),)))÷sf b/n] hDdf ?= rf/ s/f]8 @) nfv cfufdL cfjdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'g'kg]{ b]lvPsf] .

Ifdtf lj:tf/ ug{'kg]{ sf/fuf/x¿

sf/fuf/ sfof{no kfFry/, emfkf, t]x|y'd, ef]hk'/, ;Kt/L, l;/fxf, /fd]5fk, /;'jf, /f}tx6, tgx'F, uf]/vf, DofUbL, ?s'd, Ko'7fg, s}nfnL, 88]nw'/f, lrtjg, 3f]/fxL, ;'v]{t u/L !& j6f sf/fuf/x¿sf] Ifdtf la:tf/sf nflu k|ltsf/fuf/ ?= #) nfvsf b/n] hDdf ?= kfFr s/f]8 !) nfv cfufdL cfjdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'g'kg]{ b]lvPsf] .

gofF lgdf{0f ug'{kg{] sf/fuf/x¿

sf/fuf/ sfof{no tfKn]h'ª, kj{t, afFs], pbok'/, nlntk'/, ¿kGb]xL, df]/ª, l;Gw'nL, slknj:t', c3f{vfFrL, afh'/f u/L !! j6f sf/fuf/x¿df gofF aGbLu[x lgdf{0fsf nflu k|ltsf/fuf/ ?= tLg s/f]8sf b/n] hDdf ?= ## s/f]8 cfufdL cfjdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'g'kg]{ b]lvPsf] / s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/ g'jfsf]6df :yfgfGt/0f ug{sf nflu u'?of]hgfcg'¿k ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

v'nf sf/fuf/ lgdf{0f

v'nf sf/fuf/ lgdf{0f ug{sf nflu of]hgfcg'¿ksf] ah]6 ljlgof]hg x'g'kg]{ .

;|f]tM http://www.dopm.gov.np/uploads/files/devikhadkarept2068%E0%A5%A7.pdf

aGbLx¿sf] :jf:Yof]krf/sf] nflu sf/fuf/df hfg] /sd Go"g ePsf], ;a} sf/fuf/df lgoldt :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] Joj:yf x'g g;Sg', nfk/afxL ul/g' Pj+ la/fdL pkrf/sf nflu n}hfg ;jf/L ;fwgsf] cefj /x]sf]nufotsf sf/0fx¿af6 s}bLaGbLx¿sf] :jf:Yof]krf/df ;d:of b]lvPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .


g]kfn ;/sf/sf] rf}yf] /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf -cfj @)&!÷@)&@ b]lv @)&%÷@)&^_ df d'Vo ¿kdf !* j6f ljifoleq cfof]usf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog, lx/f;t tyf sf/fuf/ ;'wf/ / ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f;DaGwL ljifo klg ;d]l6Psf] 5 . ljleGg ;dodf cWoog ;ldltx¿ u7g eO{ tof/ ul/Psf k|ltj]bg -ab|L/fd e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t sf/fuf/ ef}lts Joj:yfkg cWoog bnsf] k|ltj]bg @)%#, g]kfn ;/sf/ / u[xdGqfnoåf/f @)^# c;f/ ( ut]sf] lg0f{ocg';f/ u7g ul/Psf] sf/fuf/ ;'wf/ ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg, sf/fuf/ ;'wf/ pRr:t/Lo ;'emfj ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg @)^$, sf/fuf/sf] ef}lts / Joj:yfksLo kIf ;'wf/ sfo{bnsf] cGtl/d k|ltj]bg @)^*_ df klg ;d:of / ;dfwfgfsf pkfo cf}FNofOPsf 5g\ .

cfof]usf l;kmfl/;df klg sf/fuf/ ;'wf/sf nflu hL0f{ sf/fuf/sf] tTsfn dd{t;Def/ jf gofF ejg lgdf{0f, lhDd]jf/ lgsfoaf6 sf/fuf/sf] ;do–;dodf cg'udgdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . 9n lgsf; tyf kfgLsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf, cf}ifwf]krf/, cWoog ;fdu|Lsf] pknJwtf, b/aGbLcg';f/sf sd{rf/L v6fpg'kg]{ elgPsf] 5 . To;}u/L sf/fuf/sf] jftfj/0f ;kmf /fVg plrt k|aGw, l;kd"ns tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{ pNn]v 5 . y'g'jf, s}bLaGbLx¿sf] lgoldt :jf:Yo k/LIf0f, k'kIf{sf nflu y'gfdf /x]sfx¿sf] d'2fnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL ;'g'jfO ug'{kg]{ egL pNn]v 5 . s}bLaGbLx¿sf] kmf]6f];lxtsf] clen]v /fVg, ;'emfj jf ph'/Lk]l6sf tyf s}bLaGbLx¿n] kfngf ug'{kg]{ cfrf/;+lxtf k|:6 a'lemg] / b]lvg] :yfgdf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg elgPsf] 5 . ;DalGwt lgsfon] dfly plNnlvt ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ cfjZos 5 .

hftLo e]befjlj?4sf] clwsf/

hftljz]ifsf] cfwf/df ul/g] lgif]w, alxis/0f / lje]bhGo sfo{nfO{ hftLo e]befjsf ¿kdf lnOG5 . dflg; hGdl;4 ¿kdf :jtGq / ;dfg ePsfn] hfthflt, pTklQ, wd{, j0f{, lnª\u, k];f–Joj;fo, /fli6«otfnufot s'g} klg cfwf/df e]befj ug{ kfOFb}g . oL s'g} klg cfwf/df ul/g] o; k|s[ltsf sfo{ g}lts, ;fdflhs / sfg'gL ¿kn] ;d]t cIfDo / uDeL/ ck/fw dflgG5g\ .

dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkqsf] wf/f ! df ;a} JolQm hGdhft :jtGq / k|lti7f tyf clwsf/df ;dfg x'g] elgPsf] 5 . hflt, j0f{, lnª\u, efiff, wd{, /fhgLlts jf cGo ljrf/wf/f, /fli6«otf jf ;fdflhs pTklQ, ;DklQ, hGd jf cGo s'g} x}l;otnufotsf s'g} klg cfwf/df s'g} klg lsl;dsf] e]befj ug{ gx'g] pNn]v 5 . gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cle;lGw, !(^^ sf] wf/f @ / cfly{s ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ ljifos cle;lGw, !(^^ sf] wf/f @ n] ;f]xL clwsf/sf] k|Tofe"lt u/]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L ;a} k|sf/sf hftLo e]befj pGd"ng;DaGwL


dxf;lGw, !(^% tyf dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw, !(&( sf] wf/f @ df ;d]t ;dfgtf / clje]bsf] l;4fGtnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] df}lns xscGtu{t wf/f !* -!_ df ;a} gful/s sfg'gsf] b[li6df ;dfg x'g] / s;}nfO{ klg sfg'gsf] ;dfg ;+/If0faf6 jl~rt ug{ gkfOg] pNn]v 5 . To;}u/L -@_ df /fHon] gful/sx¿aLr hfthfltsf] cfwf/df klg e]befj gul/g] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . wf/f @$ df 5'jf5't tyf hftLo e]befjlj?4sf] xsdf s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ hflt, j+z, ;d'bfo jf k];fsf cfwf/df s'g} lsl;dsf] 5'jf5't tyf hftLo e]befj gul/g], e]befj Jojxf/ b08gLo x'g] / kLl8tn] sfg'gn] lgwf{/0f u/]cg';f/ Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] k|fjwfg 5 . To:t} s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ hfthfltsf] cfwf/df ;fj{hlgs k|of]udf /x]sf ;]jf, ;'ljwf jf pkof]usf s'/fx¿ k|of]u ug{af6 jf ;fj{hlgs :yn jf ;fj{hlgs wfld{s :yndf k|j]z ug{ jf jf wfld{s sfo{ ug{af6 jl~rt gul/g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5't -s;'/ / ;hfo_ P]g, @)^* n] hftLo e]befj / 5'jf5'tnfO{ b08gLo dfgL ;hfosf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

e]befjlj?4sf k|fjwfgsf] sfof{Gjog Pj+ blnt ;d'bfo pTyfg / ljsf;sf nflu ljleGg ;+oGqx¿ u7g ul/Psf 5g\ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @%% df /fli6«o blnt cfof]usf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;f]xL cfwf/df /fli6«o blnt cfof]u P]g, @)&$ lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] 5 . To;}u/L pk]lIft, pTkLl8t / blnt ju{ pTyfg ljsf; ;ldlt, jfbL ;d'bfo pTyfg ljsf; ;ldlt, hftLo e]befj, 5'jf5't tyf blntx¿sf] clwsf/ k|j4{g ;+oGqx¿ sfo{/t /x]sf 5g\ . z}lIfs If]qdf blnt ;d'bfosf] pkl:ylt sd ePsf] tYonfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ;/sf/n] sIff b;;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIff, pRrdfWolds ljBfnodf 5fqj[lQ sfo{qmd / /f]huf/Lsf] If]qdf cf/If0f gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] 5 .

oL ;sf/fTds k|fjwfg Pj+ ;+oGqx¿sf] :yfkgfsf] afah'b klg hftLo 5'jf5'tsf] cj:yf ljBfdfg 5 . cGt/hftLo ljjfxdf cj/f]w, s'6lk6, ufpF lgsfnf;Dd x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . 5'jf5't / blntx¿dfly lx+;f tyf b'Jo{jxf/sf 36gfx¿ clxn] klg hLljt} 5g\ . ;x/L If]qd} klg 5'jf5'tsf] k|rng, blnt ePs} cfwf/df sf]7f ef8fdf gkfpg] ;d:of ljBdfg 5 . k"hfsf] lbg k|;fb u|x0f ug{af6 jl~rt u/]sf], xf]6]n tyf ;fj{hlgs :yndf ;j{;'ne kx'Fr gePsf], ;fj{{hlgs :yn tyf lgsfodf ckdfghgs zAbsf] k|of]u u/]sf] tyf cGthftLo ljjfx ljjfbsf ph'/Lx¿ kg{ cfPsf] cj:yf 5 .9

9.http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Final_Report_of_HR_Defenders_second_National_Conference.pdf


blnt tyf lk5l8Psf ju{nfO{ lje]b, ljBfno tyf ;fj{hlgs :yndf 5'jf5'thGo e]befj h:tf 36gfx¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . cfof]usf] ;'/Iff PsfOaf6 o; cfjdf ljleGg ;~rf/dfWoddf k|sflzt ;dfrf/x¿sf] cfwf/df hftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5't ;DaGwdf %@ j6f 36gf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] b]lvG5 .

sfg'g sfof{Gjog ug]{ clwsf/L jf lgsfo pbf;Lg /xgfn] lje]b / 5'jf5't;DaGwL sfg'g k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;dfh tyf k|x/Laf6 o:tf 36gfx¿ d]nldnfkdf 6'lËg] u/]sf 5g\ . ul/aL, cefj, r]tgf / kx'Frsf] cefjh:tf sf/0fx¿af6 5'jf5'tsf] k|j[lQ afFsL g} 5 . wfld{s cGwljZjf;, ;fdflhs s'/Llt, ?9LjfbL ;+:sf/, clzIffnufotsf sf/0f clxn] klg hftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5'tsf 36gfx¿ 3l6/x]sf] cj:yf cfof]usf] cg'udgaf6 kfOPsf] 5 . dfgj ;Eotfs} snª\ssf ¿kdf /x]sf] o; s'k|yfsf] cGTo h?/L 5 . sfg'gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog / cfly{s :t/df j[l4 Pj+ r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ Ps;fy n}hfg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/

—lzIffsf] clwsf/

lzIff k|fKt ug'{ k|To]s JolQmsf] cfwf/e"t Pj+ df}lns clwsf/ xf] . lzIffnfO{ k|foM k|hftflGqs d'n'ssf ;+ljwfgdf df}lns xscGtu{t cfwf/e"t txsf] lzIffnfO{ clgjfo{ / lgMz'Ns u/]sf] kfOG5 . lzIff k|flKt eg]sf] ;fIf/ x'g' / k|df0fkq k|fKt ug'{ dfq xf]OgÙ gjLg 1fg, l;k / k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu kl/lrt x'g' klg xf] . o;sf ;fy} /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o >d ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Ifd x'g' klg xf] .

dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkqsf] wf/f @^ n] k|To]s JolQmnfO{ lzIffsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt x'g'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . k|fylds tx;Ddsf] lzIff lgMz'Ns pknAw x'g'kg]{, k|f/lDes lzIff clgjfo{, k|fljlws tyf Jofj;flos lzIff ;a}sf] kx'Frof]Uo x'g'kg]{ ;fy} afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIffsf] 5gf]6 ug]{ k"0f{ clwsf/df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o k|lt1fkq, !(^^ wf/f !# n] dfgjLo JolQmTj tyf k|lti7fsf] ljsf;tkm{ lzIff lgb]{lzt x'g] / kIf /fi6«n] k|fylds lzIff clgjfo{ / ;a}nfO{ lgMz'Ns x'g] pNn]v 5 . afn clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGwsf] wf/f @* / @( df afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIffdf e]befj ug{ gx'g], k|fylds lzIff clgjfo{ / lgMz'Ns x'g'kg]{ / lzIffdf kxF'r la:tf/df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !) / !$ n] hfthflt, j0f{, lnª\u, /fli6«o jf ;fdflhs pTklQsf] e]befjljgf dlxnfnfO{ lzIff / tflndsf] cj;/ k|bfg ug'{kg]{ pNn]v 5 .


g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] df}lns xscGtu{t lzIff tyf ;+:s[lt;DaGwL xssf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;f] Joj:yfcg';f/ k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd dfWolds tx;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIff kfpg] xs x'g] s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{ sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf cfwf/e"t lzIff kfpg] xs x'g] / g]kfndf a;f]af; ug{] k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{ cfˆgf] efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;f+:s[lts ;Eotf / ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g ug{] xs x'g]5 egL pNn]v 5 .

g]kfnsf] hgu0fgf @)^* adf]lhd ^% bzdnj ( k|ltzt ;fIf/tf b/df qmlds ;'wf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . sIff Pssf] v'b egf{ b/ (% bzdnj ^ / cfwf/e"t lzIffsf] *^ bzdnj # k'u]sf] 5 eg] dfWolds lzIffsf] s'n egf{b/ ## bzdnj @ k|ltzt 5 . o;af6 ljBfno 5f8\g] b/ pRr /x]sf] b]lvG5, h'g aflnsfdf a9L 5 . dft[efiffdf k|fylds lzIff ;~rfng ug{ ax'eflifs lzIff lgb]{lzsf, @)^^ hf/L ePkl5 !^ j6f dft[efiffdf kf7Øqmd tof/ eO{ @$ j6f ljBfnodf nfu" ePsf] 5 .

cfj @)^&÷)^* df !& bzdnj !! k|ltzt;Dd ah]6 5'6ØfOPsf]df cfj @)&#÷@)&$ df !! bzdnj )( k|ltzt / )&$÷)&% (=(! df ;Lldt ePsf] 5 . ah]6sf] sl/a &) k|ltzt /sd lzIfs tna–eQfd} vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ah]6 cfsf/ a9] klg k|ltztdf qmdz 36]sf] b]lvG5 .

;/sfn] ;a} afnaflnsfsf] lzIffdf kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug{ ljBfno egf{ cleofgcGtu{t ljBfno hfg] ;a} pd]/sf afnaflnsfnfO{ …Nofcf}F, l6sfcf}F / l;sfcf}F cleofgÚ ;~rfng ug]{ egL ah]6 jQmJodf g} pNn]v 5 . dfWolds tx;Dd qmdzM lgMz'Ns, b'O{ jif{leq ;fIf/ g]kfn 3f]if0ff ug]{ egL pNn]v 5 . æxfdL ;a}sf] OR5f, clgjfo{ cfwf/e"t lgMz'Ns lzIffÆ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ljBfno egf{ dxfcleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] lyof] . dxfcleofgcGtu{t ;Sg]n] ljBfyL{ egf{ u/fP/ cleofg ;kmn kfg{ ;/sf/n] cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .

lgMz'Ns lzIff, kf];fs, k':ts ;/sf/L txaf6} pknAw u/fpg] elgP klg ck]lIft pknlAw xfl;n x'g ;Sg] ljZj:t cfwf/ b]lvPsf] 5}g . clxn] klg kfFrb]lv afx| jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf emG8} tLg nfveGbf a9L afnaflnsf ljBfnoeGbf aflx/ /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . JolQmut ;xof]udf egf{ ul/Psf ljBfyL{x¿sf] eljiosf] ;'lglZrtf ePsf] b]lvFb}g . lk5l8Psf / cfly{s ¿kdf ljkGg ljBfyL{x¿ ljBfnoaflx/ /xg'n] klg d'Vo sf/0f cfly{s / ;fdflhs cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yfsf] sf/0f hLjg u'hfg'{kg]{, hftLo lje]bsf] sf/0f blnt ;d'bfosf afnaflnsf ljBfno ghfg] uP klg k9fO aLrdf 5f]8\g] cj:yf clxn] klg ljBdfg 5 . o;sf] ;fy} ljBfno ef}uf]lns b"/L, ljBfnosf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] cefj, u'0f:t/Lo k9fOsf] cefj,


cljefjsdf k9fpg'k5{ eGg] hgr]tgfsf] sdLh:tf sf/0fn] klg ;a} afnaflnsf ljBfno;Dd k'Ug ;s]sf 5}gg\ . xfn g]kfndf #%^)! -km\Nof; l/kf]6{ @)&$ cg';f/_ ljBfnox¿ ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ .

txut¿kdf ljBfnox¿ M10

ljBfnosf] tx / k|sf/ ;fd'bflos -tx_ ;+:yfut -tx_ hDdf -tx_ k|f/lDes afn lzIff÷ k"j{k|fylds sIff

#)$$* ^!@) #^%^*

k|fylds tx -!—%_ @&&(@ ^@(* #%@!! lgDg dflj -^—*_ !!@(# $@^$ !%^#@ cfwf/e"t -!—*_ @&(&$ ^@(* #%#(# dfWolds tx-(—!@_ ^@#) #@)* ($!^

lzIffnfO{ ;do;fk]If n}hfg] elgP klg l;sfOsf] dfWodsf] ¿kdf OG6/g]6 k|of]u

ePsf ljBfnox¿sf] ;ª\Vof Go"g g} /x]sf 5g\ . OG6/g]6 k|of]u u/L ljBfyL{nfO{

cWofkg u/fpg] ljBfnodf klg ljBfyL{sf] pkl:yt sd b]lvG5 . e"sDkaf6 elTsPsf

ljBfnosf] k'glg{df{0f sfo{ ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf cl3 a9\g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

;fd'bflos ljBfnodf cWoog ug]{ afnaflnsfx¿sf] lzIffsf] u'0f:t/df pNn]Vo k|ult

x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

plrt Joj:yfkg / cg'udgdf sdL Pj+ hjfkmb]lxtfsf] cefjh:tf sf/0fx¿af6

;/sf/L ljBfnox¿df u'0f:t/Lo lzIffsf] cefjdf ljBfyL{ tyf cleefjsx¿sf]

cfsif{0f lghL ljBfnotkm{ a9\bf] 5 . lghL / ;fd'bflos ljBfnoaf6 b'O{ lsl;dsf]

z}lIfs hgzlQm pTkfbg eO{ lzIffdf lje]b a9\b} uPsf] 5 . dft[efiffdf lzIff k|fKt

ug]{ clwsf/ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf Jojxf/df cfpg g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ljBfno zflGtIf]q

xf] eGg] dfGotfljk/Lt aGb, x8tfn tyf ljBfyL{nfO{ hDdf u/fO{ ul/g] ;ef,

¥ofnLh:tf sfo{ lzIffsf] clwsf/df afws aGb} cfPsf 5g\ .

alxis/0fdf k/]sf ju{, If]q, ;d'bfonfO{ cfjZostfcg';f/ ljBfno kf];fs,

vfhfnufotsf ljljw kIfdf bL3{sfnLg ¿kdf sbd rfNg cfjZos 5 . ljBfnodf

cWoog ug]{ jftfj/0fsf nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/, ;dod} kf7Øk':tssf] pknAwtfdf

ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpFb} ljBfnonfO{ /fhgLltaf6 cnu /fVg ;/sf/, /fhgLlts bnx¿n]

lhDd]jf/Laf]w ug{ h?/L 5 . lzIffsf] clwsf/ :yfgLo txdf ePsf] cj:yfdf tLgj6} 10.http://nced.gov.np/files/multipleupload/0-01-Jul-2018-01-07-21Mahila%20Lakshit%20Sikshyak%20Sewa%20Aayog%20Aadhyan%20Samagri%20-%20Final.pdf


;/sf/aLrsf] ;dGjodf lgMz'Ns / u'0f:t/Lo lzIff k|bfg ug]{ gLlt k|efjsf/L ¿kdf

sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . åGåkLl8t tyf lj:yflkt, aflnsf, blnt, lk5l8Psf]

;d'bfo tyf ul/anufot cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfosf kl/jf/sf afnaflnsfnfO{ cj;/

k|bfg ug{ cfjZos 5 . o;sf nflu 5fqj[lQ tyf ljBfnodf vfhf / kf];fs ljt/0f

sfo{qmdnfO{ yk lj:tf/ u/L ljBfno 5f8\g] b/nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug'{kb{5 . ljz]iftM

cfkm\gf afnaflnsf ljBfno gk7fpg] ;d'bfodf ;/sf/ / ;/fsf/jfnfx¿ s]lGb|t x'g

h?/L 5 . dxfcleofgsf ;~rfng ubf{ klg lsg pgLx¿ cfkm\gf gfgLx¿nfO{ ljBfno

k7fpg clgR5's 5g\ eGg]tkm{ cWoog ug{ cfjZos 5 .

— vfB clwsf/, ul/aL cGo cj:yf

kf]if0fo'Qm / :jR5 vfgf ;xh Pj+ ;'ne ¿kdf k|fKt ug'{ JolQmsf] vfB;Fu hf]l8Psf]

clwsf/ xf], h;sf] k|ToIf ;DaGw JolQmsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt 5 .

dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($* sf] wf/f @% n] k|To]s JolQmnfO{ cfkm" /

cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] :jf:Yo / sNof0fsf nflu vfBfGgsf] clwsf/ x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o cg'aGw, !(^^ sf] wf/f

!! n] k|To]s JolQmsf] ef]saf6 d'Qm x'g] cfwf/e"t clwsf/nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug'{kg]{df hf]8

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pTkfbg, ;~ro tyf ljt/0fdf ;'wf/ ug]{, cfk"lt{sf] ;dGoflos ljt/0f ;'lglZrt ug]{

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pGd"ng ug]{ dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !@ n] dlxnfnfO{ ue{jtL, k|;"lt / k|;"ltkZrft\ kof{Kt

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;d'lrt Wofg lbg'kg]{ / kf]if0f;DaGwL ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg'kg]{nufotsf Joj:yfdf

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cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df kof{Kt vfBfGg, kf]if0fo'Qm vfBfGg, To;sf] pknAwtf, pkef]u

ug{ of]Uo ;fy} ;'ne / kx'Frof]Uo x'g'kb{5 .

vfB clwsfdfu{lgb{]zg,clwsf/, ;'gcfjZostfdkfOG5 .

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७०

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dfgj clwsf/

;

;Fu k|ToIf ;Dpkef]QmfnfO{ sf/, pkef]Qmclwsf/, :jR

df ef]sd/Ls ]& k|ltj]bgcIf0f Pl;ofs} eO{ @@=@ d

sf] 5 . k|ltj]dWod, !)=)

t a9\bf] egL ldzM ;'wf/ b]l

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२७ ०.९२५

३२.६

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;|f]tM o'Pg8Lk

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mf lzIffsf] cR5 tyf :j:Y

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८१.९

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;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹Llwsf/, ;'lrt

clwsf/, Ifltk"Yo jftfj/0fs

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eL/ cj:yfdf

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)!^ df @@=@sd cÍ xfl;@)=) b]lv @g]kfnsf] ef]sf b]lvG5 .

bfox¿ a;]{lg P klg JojxL tyf ;'b'/klf, x'Fbf afnLdxPsf] ;dodf

०.३ २९.३ २४

29

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lxt ;+/If0f sf/, 5gf]6sf] f/, cfwf/e"t k|bfg u/]sf]

jZj ef]sd/L cfF} :yfgdf

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४.७


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cj:yf11

g]kfnsf] s'n If]qkmn -ju{ ls=ld=_ !,$&,!*! s_ lxdfnL If]q %!,*!& v_ kxf8L If]q ^!,#$% u_ t/fO{ If]q #$,)!( #= e"–pkof]u - x]S6/_ s_ v]tL ul/Psf] hldg #),(!,))) v_ v]tL gul/Psf] v]tLof]Uo hldg !),#),))) u_ jghËn %*,@*,))) 3_ r/g !&,^^,))) ª_ kfgL #,*#,))) r_ cGo @^,@),))) $= s'n ufx{:y pTkfbg d"Nodf -?= b; nfvdf_, @)!!÷!@ s_ s[lif If]q %!%&^& v_ u}x| s[lif If]q (%@*%) s"n !$^*^!& %= hg;ª\Vof @,^$,($,%)$ s_ k'?if !,@*,$(,)$! v_ dlxnf !,#^,$%,$^# u_ hg;ª\Vof j[l4b/ k|ltzt !=#% 3_ hg3gTj k|ltju{ ls=ld= !*) ª_ s[lifdf ;+nUg hg;ª\Vof k|ltzt ^%=^ r_ sf]/f hGdb/ -xhf/df_ @$=# 5_ sf]/f d[To'b/ -xhf/df_ *=# h_ 3/ kl/jf/ ;ª\Vof %$,@&,#)@ em_ lzz' d[To'b/ $$ `_ cf}ift cfo' ^$=! ^= l;+lrt If]qkmn -x]S6/_, !#,#!,%@!

vfB ;'/Iff, vfB ;Dk|e'tf / ;'/lIft vfBfGgsf] nflu ;/sf/n] k|efjsf/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ / pTkfbg a9fpg Jofj;flos v]tLsf] k|a4{g / :yfgLo pTkfbgnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug]{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{ cfjZos 5 . xfn ;~rflnt s[lif ladf sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg xfn sfod /x]sf] nfutdf cfwfl/t ladf sfo{qmdnfO{ pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t agfpg'k5{ . ladf sDkgLx¿ ;'ljwf;DkGg 7fFpdf / ;x/L If]qdf dfq /x]sfn] sDkgLsf] sfo{If]q lj:tf/ ug{'kg]{ x'G5 . ul/aLsf] sf/0f lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfBfGg, u'0f:t/Lo hLjg lgjf{xdf r'gf}tL 5 . ;/sf/n] wgL / ul/aaLrsf] vf8n sd ug{ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

11. ;|f]tM http://www.aicc.gov.np/files/download/test.pdf


—:jf:Yosf] clwsf/

:jf:Yo;DaGwL clwsf/ cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ xf] . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($* sf] wf/f @% n] k|To]s JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] / cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] :jf:Yo / lxtsf nflu :jf:Yof]krf/sf] ;'ljwf, la/fdL, czQmtf / a'9];sfndf ;'/Iff kfpg] clwsf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o k|lt1fkq, !(^^ sf] wf/f !@ -!_ n] k|To]s JolQmnfO{ k|fKt x'g ;Sg] pRrtd k|fKo:t/sf] zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s :jf:Yo pkef]u ug]{ clwsf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;a} k|sf/sf hftLo e]befj pGd"ng ljifos dxf;lGw, !(^% sf] wf/f % -ª_ n] /fHoaf6 ;fj{hlgs :jf:Yo, cf}ifwf]krf/ k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/nfO{ ljgfe]befj pknAw u/fpg'kg]{ k|fjwfg 5 . dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng ljifos, !(&( sf] wf/f !! / !@ df dlxnf :jf:Yo;Fu ;DalGwt clwsf/x¿ pNn]v ul/Psf 5g\ . afn clwsf/ dxf;lGwsf] wf/f @$ n] afnaflnsfnfO{ k|fKt x'g ;Sg] pRr:t/sf] :jf:Yo clwsf/ pkef]u ug{ tyf /f]usf] pkrf/ ug{ kfpg] / :jf:Yosf] k'gnf{e kfpg] ;'ljwfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ df k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jf lgMz'Ns ¿kdf kfpg] xs x'g]5 egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . /fHosf gLltcGtu{t hgtfsf] lzIff, :jf:Yoh:tf cfwf/e"t s'/fx¿sf] ljsf; u/L hg;fwf/0fsf] hLjg:t/ j[l4 ug]{ pNn]v 5 . dlxnf ju{sf] lzIff, :jf:Yo / /f]huf/Lsf] ljz]if Joj:yf u/L /fli6«o ljsf;df ;xefuL agfpg] s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . ljkGg gful/s cf}ifwL pkrf/ sf]if lgb]{lzsf -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_, @)^( nfu" ul/Psf] 5 . o; k|fjwfgcg';f/ cfly{s ¿kdf ljkGg gful/snfO{ s8f d'6', SofG;/, cNhfOd/, kfls{G;;, x]8 OGh'/L, :kfOgn OGh'/L, l;sn ;]n Plgldof /f]usf la/fdLsf ;fy} d[uf}nf /f]usf] PSo'6 /]gn km]lno/ ePsf la/fdLx¿n] g]kfndf jf ljb]zdf uO{ pkrf/ u/fpFbf a9Ldf Ps nfv ?lkofFF cf}ifwL pkrf/ vr{ k|bfg ug{ ;lsg] pNn]v 5 . g]kfndf d[uf}nf /f]usf] 8fonfOl;; ug'{kg]{ la/fdLx¿n] tf]lsPsf ;"rLs[t c:ktfnx¿af6 lgMz'Ns 8fonfOl;; ;'ljwf, d[uf}nf k|Tof/f]k0f ug'{kbf{ ;"rLs[t c:ktfndfkm{t ?=rf/ nfv ?lkofF a/fa/sf] cf}iflw pkrf/ ;'ljwf kfpg] k|fjwfg 5 . d[uf}nf k|Tof/f]k0fk"j{sf] k/LIf0f ug{ cª\u u|x0fstf{ / cª\ubftfnfO{ ? %)÷%) xhf/ / k|Tof/f]k0fkZrft\ cf}iflw ;]jgsf nflu ?= Ps nfv u/L hDdf Ps nfv %) xhf/ ?lkofF a/fa/sf] Psd'i7 zf]wegf{ lbOg] pNn]v 5 .

/fHon] cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ lgMz'Ns ¿kdf pknAw u/fpg] k|ltj4tf hgfpg' ;sf/fTds kIf xf] . kl/jf/ lgof]hg, ue{ktg ;]jf, afFemf]kg lgjf/0f, ;'/lIft dft[Tj, gjhft lzz'sf] ;'/Iff, of}ghGo ;?jf /f]u, afnaflnsf / h]i7 gful/ssf] :jf:Yo pkrf/df ljz]if hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;]jfdf gful/ssf] kx'Fr k'¥ofpg cfwf/e"t


vf]k tyf cf}ifwLx¿ lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ug]{ k|;"lt ;]jfnfO{ b]zJofkL lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf] kfOG5 .

ljZj :jf:Yo ;Ë7gsf] j8{ x]Ny :6fl6l:S; @)!* n] g]kfnsf] :jf:Yo cj:yfsf] af/]df klg pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ k|ltnfv hLljt aRrfdWo] @%* ljljw ue{;DaGwL ;d:ofsf] sf/0f Hofg u'dfpg'k/]sf] 5 . lbuf] ljsf; nIocg';f/ @)#) ;Dd of] ;ª\Vof k|ltnfv &) hgfeGbf tn x'g'kg]{5 . ljz]iftM tflndk|fKt hgzlQm hf] clxn] %& k|ltzt 5 . o;sf] ;fy} b'u{ddf lrlsT;s ghfg' / bIfaf6 ;'Ts]/L ;]jf gkfPsf] jf:tljstf 5 . lszf]/L pd]/df k|ltxhf/df -!)—!( jif{_ ** lszf]/Lx¿n] aRrf hGdfpF5g\ . kfFr jif{d'lgsf (=& k|ltzt Vofp6]kg / )=#! k|ltzt x]kfxfOl6; aLsf] l;sf/ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . afn d[Tob/ k|ltxhf/df #$=% k|ltzt /x]sf] l:ylt 5 . lbuf] nIok|flKtsf nflu ;g\ @)#) ;Dd o;nfO{ !@ k|ltztdf emfg'{kg]{ b]lvG5 . g;g]{ /f]uaf6 x'g] d[To'b/ -#)—&) jif{_ @!=* k|ltzt 5 . k|b"if0fsf sf/0f k|ltjif{ Ps nfvdf !(# / ;/;kmfOsf] sf/0f k|ltnfvdf !(=* k|ltzt dflg; d[To'sf] d'vdf k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . xfn @& k|ltzt hg;ª\Vof dfq :jR5 vfg]kfgLsf] kx'Frdf 5 . PrcfOeLsf] sf/0f P8\; k|ltxhf/df )=#, Ifo/f]uaf6 k|ltnfvdf !%$ hgf, dn]l/ofaf6 k|ltnfvdf )=( k|ltztn] Hofg u'dfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . o; tYofÍn] klg d'n'sn] :jf:Yo If]qdf clxn] klg w]/} ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

;/sf/n] hg;ª\VofnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL k|To]s ufkfdf Ps lrlsT;s, g;{;lxt k|fljlws / j8flkR5] Ps g;{sf] Joj:yf ug]{, ufkfcGtu{tsf] :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf PS;–/] ;]jf / k|of]uzfnf ;]jfsf] lj:tf/ ug]{ nIo lnPsf] kfOG5 . ef}uf]lns / hg;ª\Vofsf] cg'kftdf a9Ldf #) ldg]6sf] b"/Ldf Ps :jf:Yo ;+:yf :yfkgf, @) xhf/ hg;ª\Vof a/fa/ Ps k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|, Ps nfv hg;ª\Vofsf] cg'kftdf sDtLdf @% z}o\ofsf] c:ktfn :yfkgf ug{ cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug]{ egL cfjlws hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . b'u{d / lxdfnL If]qsf nflu ljz]if ug]{ pNn]v 5 .

:jf:Yo ;]jf ljefusf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg @)&@–@)&# n] cf}FNofPsf :jf:Yo ;]jf;DaGwL d'ne"t d'2fx¿ clxn] klg plQs} ;fGble{s 5g\ . o;df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5M– s'g} klg :yfg ljz]if, tx, tKsf, ju{ / ;d'bfosf gful/sx¿sf nflu xfn;Dd ;+ljwfgsf] cfsfª\Iffcg'¿k ;xh / ;'ne :jf:Yo ;]jfdf kx'Fr /x]sf] 5}g . /fHosf] lg/Gt/ k|of;sf afah'b klg kfFr hgf aRrf / k|hgg pd]/sL dlxnf;d]t Go"gkf]if0f, cNkkf]if0f /x]sf 5g\ eg] ;x/L hgdfg;df df]6f]kgfsf] ;d:of a9\bf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g, a9\bf] vfB c;'/Iff / k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf sf/0f :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿ lbglbg} al9/x]sf 5g\ . SofG;/, pRr /Qmrfk, dw'd]x tyf d'6', d[uf}nf / kmf]S;f];Fu ;DalGwt ;d:ofx¿sf ;fy} c? g;g]{ /f]ux¿– h:t} M dfgl;s /f]u, bfFtsf] ;d:of al9/x]sf


5g\ . ;8s b'3{6gf tyf 3fOt] eO{ d[To' x'g]sf] ;ª\Vof lbglbg} al9/x]sf] 5 . /fHon] k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;x/L If]qdf k|of{Kt dfqfdf k|fylds :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng, h]i7 gful/ssf] :jf:Yo, dfgl;s c;Gt'ng, j+zfg'ut tyf hGdhft /f]ux¿af/] r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . jftfj/0fLo :jf:Yo, Jofj;flos cK7\of/fx¿, of}gfj:yfsf] of}g tyf k|hgg :jf:Yo / ljBfno pd]/sf afnaflnsfnfO{ :jf:Yo;DaGwL k|j4{gfTds sfo{qmdnfO{ ;zQm agfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . hgdfg;df u'0f:t/Lo cf}ifwLdf kx'Fr, cf}ifwLsf] ;xL k|of]u, cfjZos cf}ifwL / d]l8sn cf}hf/ b]zleq} k|efjsf/L pTkfbg / hgd'vL x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . k|of]uzfnfdf k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|L tyf d]l8sn pks/0fx¿ xfn;Dd klg k"0f{ u'0f:t/Lo 5}gg\ . :jf:Yo ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt l;ko'Qm hgzlQmsf] pTkfbg / pgLx¿n] lng] ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj, :jf:Yo ;]jfsf k|fljlwsx¿sf] k|ltef knfogsf] cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . :jf:Yo tyf cGo ;]jfsf JolQmx¿sf] :yfgfGt/0f, :jf:Yo ;]jfdf hgzlQmsf] lg/Gt/ pkl:ylt, :jf:Yo ;]jfdf sfd ug]{ JolQmx¿sf] ;'/Iffnufotsf d'2fx¿sf] clxn];Dd of]hgfa4 tl/sfaf6 ;Daf]wg ePsf] 5}g .

g]kfn ;/sf/af6 &@ vfnsf cf}iflw lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ug]{ ;/sf/sf] 3f]if0ff eP klg lhNnf c:ktfndf ;d]t o;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ljleGg :jf:Yorf}sLdf kf/fl;6fdf]n;d]t a]nfa]nfdf cefj x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . sltko gful/sx¿nfO{ lhNnfsf :jf:Yo s]G›x¿df lgMz'Ns cf}iflw kfpg] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L;d]t 5}g . lhNnf c:ktfndf lrlsT;snfO{ hFrfP/ la/fdLx¿ glhssf] lSnlgsdf hfg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . cfwf/e"t :jf:YonfO{ lgMz'Ns agfOPsf] eP tfklg cfjZostfnfO{ k"/f ug{ ;Sg] :jf:Yo;DaGwL ef}lts k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ufFpufFpdf cefj 5 . o:tf :jf:Yo;DaGwL ;]jf ;s];Dd ufpF;Dd k'Ug] u/L / cfkm" a;]sf] ;d'bfoglhs} kfpg ;Sg] u/L Joj:yf ug{'kg]{ ;/sf/L gLlt /x] klg hg;ª\Vofsf] cg'kftdf kof{Kt :jf:Yo k|bfos ;+yfx¿sf] Joj:yf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lxdfnL / b'u{d lhNnfdf df]6/ af6f]sf] kx'Fr eP tfklg PDa'n]G;sf] Joj:yf gx'Fbf 8f]sf] / afF;nfO{ PDa'n]G;sf ¿kdf k|of]u ul//x]sf] l:ylt 5 .

s'g} g s'g} axfgfdf lrlsT;sx¿ cTofjZos ;]jf aGb u/L aGb–x8tfndf pqg' lj8Dagf g} dfGg'k5{ . cTofjZos ;]jf P]gn] c:ktfnnufot hg:jf:Yo;Fu ;DalGwt cTofjZosLo ;+:yf aGb x'g'nfO{ u}/sfg'gL dfg]sf] 5 . c:ktfnh:tf] ;]jfd"ns ;+:yf aGb x'g] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f x'g' b'vb kIf xf] . ;/sf/L c:ktfndf /f]huf/L ul//x]sf lrlsT;sx¿n] lghL c:ktfn tyf lSnlgsx¿df a9L ;do lbFbf ;/sf/L c:ktfnx¿sf] ;]jfdf k|ToIf k|efj kg{ uPsf] b]lvG5 . bIf hgzlQm ljb]lzg] qmd a9\bf] 5 . :jf:Yo If]qdf a9\bf] Joj;foLs/0fn] ;/sf/L c:ktfn ul/ax¿sf nflu dfq xf] eGg] dgf]j[lQ ljsf; x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .


oL ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg gu/L :jf:Yo ;]jf u'0f:t/Lo, kx'Frof]Uo x'g ;Dej 5}g . ef}uf]lns ljs6tf, tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf hgzlQm ghfg] jf hfg gdfGg] k|j[lQ, bIf hgzlQmsf] cefj, lgMz'Ns cf}ifwLaf/]df ;';"lrt u/fpg'kg]{ nufotsf kIfnfO{ dgg ug{ cfjZos 5 . cf}ifwLsf] cefj, k|fKt eP klg ;xh ¿kdf gx'g], ;|f]t–;fwgsf] cefj, hL0f{ pks/0f tyf ul/aLnufotsf sf/0fx¿af6 cfdgful/ssf] u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jfdf kx'FreGbf aflx/ 5 . o;sf nflu ;/sf/L gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf ;'wf/ u/L k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogdf hf]8 lbg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . :jf:Yo If]qsf] hgzlQmsf] dfu / cfk"lt{aLrsf] ;Gt'ng, ;x/L / ufd|L0f If]qdf ;dfg'kflts ljt/0f, ;]jfdf u'0f:t/Lotf / :jf:Yo ;]jf ;a}sf] kx'Frdf k'Ug' cfjZos b]lvG5 .

ljz]if ju{sf clwsf/

—ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/

ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw, @))^ n] ckfËtf ePsf JolQm eGgfn] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s, af}l4s jf OlGb|o;DaGwL bL3{sfnLg czQmtfåf/f ;[lht ljleGg cj/f]wx¿;Fusf] cGtlqm{ofsf] sf/0fn] ;dfhdf cGo JolQm;/x ;dfg cfwf/df k"0f{ / k|efjsf/L 9ª\udf ;xefuL x'g afwf ePsf] JolQm;d]tnfO{ hgfpFb5 egL kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($*, gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o k|lt1fkq, !(^^, gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o k|lt1fkqsf] P]lR5s cle;lGw, !(^^ df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/ pNn]v 5 . oftgf tyf cGo q"m/, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs Jojxf/lj?4sf] dxf;lGw, !(*$ df k|ToIf / k/f]If ¿kdf zf/Ll/s cj:yfsf] cfwf/df e]befj ug{ gx'g] clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} dlxnfdfly ;a} k|sf/sf lx+;f pGd"ng ug{] dxf;lGw, !(&(, afn clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw, !(*(, d[To'b08sf] pGd"ng;Fu ;DalGwt gful/s tyf /fhg}lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o cg'aGwsf] bf];|f] P]lR5s cle;lGw, !(*( df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/x¿sf] pNn]v 5 . h]g]ef dxf;lGw, !($( -o'4 jf ;z:q åGåsfndf dfq} nfu" x'g]_ nufotsf b:tfj]hx¿df zf/Ll/s cj:yfsf] cfwf/df e]befjnfO{ lgif]w u/L pgLx¿sf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 . oL b:tfj]hn] sfg'gsf cufl8 ;a} ;dfgnufot lje]blj?4sf] clwsf/nfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw, @))^ Pj+ OR5fwLg cfn]v, @))^ n] ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ug'{sf ;fy} o:tf clwsf/;DaGwL ;fdfGo l;4fGtx¿;d]t k|ltkfbg u/]sf] 5 .


ckfËtf (Disability)12

b]zsf] s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] !=($ k|ltzt lx:;fdf s'g} Ps jf a9L k|sf/sf] ckfËtf /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ljut @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿ )=$^ k|ltzt lyP . zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s ckfËtf ePsf s'n JolQmx¿dWo] %$=%^ k|ltzt k'?if / afFsL $%=$$ k|ltzt dlxnf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿dWo] #^=#@ k|ltztdf zf/Ll/s ckfËtf, !*=$^ k|ltztdf b[li6;DaGwL ckfËtf, !%=$% k|ltztdf ;'gfO;DaGwL ckfËtf, !=$* k|ltztdf >j0f b[li6ljxLgtf, !!=$& k|ltztdf :j/ af]nfO;DaGwL ckfËtf, ^=)$ k|ltztdf dfgl;s ckfËtf / @=() k|ltztdf af}l4s ckfËtf / &=%@ k|ltztdf ax'ckfËtf ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ n] ;dfgtf / clje]bsf] l;4fGtnfO{ cjnDag u/]sf] 5, h;cg';f/ s'g} klg cfwf/df s;}nfO{ klg e]befj gul/g] egL pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] xs clwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf klg df}lns xsdf ljz]if Joj:yfsf] ;fy} ljleGg P]gdf klg ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;+/If0f tyf sNof0f;Fu ;DalGwt Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ckfË ;+/If0f tyf sNof0f P]g, @)#(, ckfË ;+/If0f tyf sNof0f lgodfjnL, @)%!, ckfË;DaGwL /fli6«o gLlt tyf sfo{of]hgf, @)^# df oL d'2fnfO{ :yfg lbPsf] 5 . :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g, @)%%, Gfu/kflnsf cg'bfg ;~rfng sfo{ljlw, @)^& tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sfo{qmd ;~rfng sfo{ljlw, @)^% df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf ;DaGwdf pNn]v 5 .

To:t} ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] kl/rokq ljt/0f lgb]{lzsf, @)^%, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ cfGtl/s xjfO{ofqfdf lbOg] 5'6 jf ;x'lnot;DaGwL sfo{ljlw, @)^#, g]kfn /fli6«o ejg lgdf{0f cfrf/;+lxtf, @)^) lgdf{0f ePsf] kfOG5 . o;sf cltl/Qm lzIff P]g, @)@*, lzIff lgodfjnL, @)%(, ljz]if lzIff gLlt, @)%#, 5fqj[lQ;DaGwL lgodfjnL, @)^) -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg @)^&_, lghfdtL ;]jf P]g, @)$( -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg, @)^$_, lghfdlt ;]jf lgodfjnL, @)%) -;ftfF} ;+zf]wg, @)^$_ 5g\ . g]kfn 6]lnsd lgodfjnL, /]l8of] g]kfnsf] ;]jf lgodfjnL, cfos/ P]g, @)%*, Affnaflnsf;DaGwL P]g, @)$* cflb P]g, lgod tyf lgodfjnLx¿df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf af/]df ljleGg Joj:yf ul/Psf 5g\ .

dfly plNnlvt P]glgoddf ljz]iftM e]befjlj?4sf] clwsf/, ;fd'bflos hLjgsf] clwsf/, ;+/If0fsf] clwsf/, /fhgLlts ;xeflutfsf] clwsf/, gLlt lgdf{0fdf ;xeflutfsf] clwsf/df hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . To;}u/L ;+:yf vf]Ng] clwsf/, ;f+:s[lts hLjgdf ;xefuL x'g] clwsf/, ;]jf, ;'ljwf tyf Gofodf kx'Frsf] clwsf/, ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/, ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/Lsf] clwsf/, cfjthfjtsf] clwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf

12. http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/Population/Summary%20(Nepali)/Summary-Nepali.pdf


pNn]v 5 . o;sf] ;fy} ckfËtf ePsf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf yk clwsf/x¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ .

/fli6«o hgu0fgf @)^* n] s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] Ps bzdnj ($ k|ltzt JolQmx¿df s'g} g s'g} k|sf/sf] ckfËtf /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿df ;':t >j0f, b[li6ljxLg / ;':t dgl:ylt ePsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu ljz]if lzIff / 5fqj[lQnufot lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf Pj+ z}lIfs ;q @)^^÷@)^& sf nflu lzIff ljefun] >]0fL ljefhg u/L sIff Psb]lv cf7;Ddsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ 5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . lghfdlt ;]jf P]gcg';f/ ;/sf/L ;]jfdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu kfFr k|ltzt l;6 cf/If0f Jo:yfsf] ;fy} l;kd"ns tflndsf] Joj:yf, /]l8of] / 6]lnlehgx¿df ckfËtf;DaGwL sfo{qmdnufot cfjZos ;fdu|L cfoftdf eG;f/ 5'6 cflb k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 . g]kfn k|x/L ;]jfdf sfo{/t /xFbf/xFb}sf] cj:yfdf ckfËtfsf] l;sf/ x'g] JolQmx¿nfO{ czQm–j[lQ, ;Gtlt–j[lQ, z}lIfs eQf / cfly{s ;xfotf;DaGwL Joj:yf ;dfj]z 5 . 6]lnlehgdf sfo{/t ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu 5fqj[lQ, Gf]kfn 6]lnsddf / lzIfs ;]jfdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu /f]huf/Ldf, ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L lgo'lQmdf / /]l8of] g]kfnsf] :yfoL ;]jfdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu kfFr k|ltzt cf/If0f /flvPsf] 5 .

ckfËtfsf] juL{s/0f13

ckfËtf ePsf JolQmsf clwsf/;DaGwL P]g, @)&$ n] ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] juL{s/0f u/]sf] 5 . h;df zf/Ll/s cËx¿ / zf/Ll/s k|0ffnLdf ePsf] ;d:of Pj+ sl7gfOsf k|s[ltcg';f/ !) / czQmtfsf] uDeL/tfsf] cfwf/df $ efudf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .

zf/Ll/s cª\ux¿ / zf/Ll/s k|0ffnLdf ePsf] ;d:of Pj+ sl7gfOsf cfwf/df

-!_ zf/Ll/s ckfËtf @= b[li6;DaGwL ckfËtf -s_ b[li6ljxLgtf -v_ Go"g b[li6o'Qm -u_ k"0f{ b[li6ljxLg -#_ ;'gfO;DaGwL ckfËtf -s_ alx/f -v_ ;':t>j0f -$_ >j0f b[li6ljxLg ckfËtf -%_ :j/ / af]nfO;DaGwL ckfËtf -^_ dfgl;s jf dgf];fdflhs ckfËtf -&_ af}l4s ckfËtf -*_ cg'j+zLo /Qm>fj -x]df]lkmlnof_ ;DaGwL ckfËtf -(_ cl6Hd;DaGwL ckfËtf -!)_ ax'ckfËtf

czQmtfsf] uDeL/tfsf] cfwf/df

-!_ k"0f{ czQm ckfËtf -@_ clt czQm ckfËtf -#_ dWod ckfËtf -$_ ;fdfGo ckfËtf

;/sf/n] ah]6 jQmJodfkm{t ljBfnonfO{ ckfËtf tyf afnd}qL agfOg] egL 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL ;fÍ]lts efiffsf] ljsf; tyf cg';Gwfg, bf]efif] tflnd / 13. lj:t[t hfgsf/Lsf] nflu x]g'{xf];\, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf/;DaGwL P]g, @)&$ df ;dfj]z cg';"rL


Joj;flostfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ pNn]v 5 . ckfËtf ePsf afnaflnsfsf nflu lzIffdf kx'Fr clej[l4 ug{ k|b]zdf k"jf{wf/o'Qm ljz]if lzIff k|bfos cfjf;Lo ljBfno ;~rfng ug]{ egL hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . dfly plNnlvt k|fjwfg / ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;du| cj:yfnfO{ x]bf{ Jojxf/tM l:ylt ;sf/fTds 5}g . cfof]usf] cg'udgaf6 ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] d'2fnfO{ cem klg clwsf/d'vL cjwf/0ff / ;f]raf6 gx]/L k'/fgf] sNof0fsf/L cjwf/0ff / d"NodfGotfaf6 x]g]{ ;f]r ljBdfg 5 . oxL ;f]rsf] sf/0f klg pgLx¿sf cfwf/e"t clwsf/sf ljifox¿ klg /fHo jf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿sf] k|fyldstfdf kg{ ;s]sf] 5}g . ;fdflhs s'/Llt, cGwljZjf;, clzIff, x]nr]qmØfOF b'Jo{jxf/nufotsf sf/0f pgLx¿ cem} klg kL8fdf 5g\ . ljBdfg sfg'g tyf gLltx¿sf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog gx'g' ;fy} ;fj{hlgs ckfËtfd}qL ef}lts ;+/rgf tyf ;jf/L ;fwg gx'g', ;jf/L ;fwgdf cf/lIft sf]6fdf kx'Fr gx'g' t 5Fb} 5, z}lIfs If]qdf ;d]t ckfËtfd}qL k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;, /f]huf/df plrt Joj:yf, lzIffdf kx'Fr k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . dlxnf / afnaflnsfdfly x'g] lx+;fsf sf/0f dfgl;s ¿kdf c:j:y x'g] / bL3{sfnLg ¿kdf dfgl;s ckfËtf x'g] qmd j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu ckfËtfd}qL ef}lts ;+/rgf, ;~rf/hut, /f]huf/, lzIff tyf Gofodf kxF'r k'Ug ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . ljz]if lzIffcGtu{t ckfËtf ePsf ljBfyL{sf afa'–cfdfn] ljBfyL{nfO{ ljBfnodf egf{ u/]kl5 a]jf:tf ug]{ k|rng ljBdfg 5 . lzIfsx¿nfO{ kof{Kt tflnd gx'g'sf ;fy} ckfËtf ePsf ljBfyL{x¿df 5fqfsf] ;ª\Vof a9L eP klg ljBfnodf dlxnf lzlIfsf g/x]sf] ;fy} ckfËtfd}qL ljBfno ejg gePsf sf/0f cWoognfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|fylds lzIffkZrft\ ;f]eGbf dfly cWoog ug{ lzIffsf] cj;/ lhNnfdf k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] x'Fbf cWoognfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . ;‹Lo ;+;bdf pgLx¿sf] ;xeflutf z"Go b]lvG5 .

ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] xs clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf nflu ;a} If]qdf / txdf pgLx¿sf] klxrfg, kx'Fr / ;fdYo{ j[l4sf nflu ckfËtf ePsf JolQm klg dflg; g} x'g\ eGg] efjgfaf6 k|]l/t eO{ k|efjsf/L sbd rfNg cfjZos 5 . sfg'gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog, ;a} If]qdf pgLx¿sf] cy{d"ns ;xeflutf, ckfËtfd}qL ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0f, ckfËtf;DaGwL ;r]tgf clej[l4h:tf sfo{qmdnfO{ ;a}n] cfcfˆgf] txaf6 k|of; ug{ cfjZos 5 .

—dlxnf clwsf/

dlxnfx¿sf] JolQmTj ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt clwsf/nfO{ dlxnf clwsf/sf] ¿kdf lnOG5 . dlxnf clwsf/nfO{ ljleGg b:tfj]hx¿df pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOG5 . dfgj


clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq, !($* sf] wf/f ! df ;a} JolQm hGdhft :jtGq tyf k|lti7f / clwsf/df ;dfg 5g\ . ;f]xL 3f]if0ffkqsf] wf/f @ df ;a} clwsf/ ljgf n}lËs lje]b ;a}nfO{ ;dfg ¿kdf k|fKt x'g]5 elgPsf] 5 . gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ ljifos k|lt1fkq, !(^^ / cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o k|lt1fkq, !(^^ sf] wf/f @ / # n] kIf /fi6«x¿nfO{ cle;lGwdf pNn]v clwsf/ljgf n}lËs lje]b ;Ddfg / ;'lglZrt ug{ /fHokIfnfO{ lgb]{zg u/]sf] 5 . dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw, !(&* n] n}lËs lje]b cGTo ug{ /fli6«o sfg'gdf dlxnf clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{, /fli6«o sfg'gdf /x]sf lje]bsf/L Joj:yfx¿ vf/]h ug{ tyf dlxnf clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf nflu gofF sfg'gx¿sf] lgdf{0f ug{ tyf dlxnf clwsf/sf] k|efjsf/L ;+/If0fsf nflu /fli6«o ;+oGqsf] lgdf{0f ug{;d]t /fHo kIfsf] bfloTj lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . dlxnfsf] /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw, !(%# sf] wf/f @ n] dlxnfnfO{ k'?if;/x /fhgLlts clwsf/ k|bfg ub}{ dtbfg ug{ kfpg], lgjf{lrt x'g kfpg], ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f ug{ kfpg]nufotsf clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf u/]sf] 5 .

5fpk8L s'k|yfsf] k|efj lgs} hAa/ ag]/ a;]sf] tYo h'Dnf lala;L g]kfnL ;+jfbbftf s[i0fdfof pkfWofosf] cfTdsyfaf6 klg k|:6 x'G5M

æd !@ jif{sf] pd]/ ePb]lv dlxgfjf/L x'g ;'? ePsf] / dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf uf]7df a:g yfn]F . dlxgfjf/L ePsf] ;dodf …lstfa 5'g'x'Fb}g, kfk nfU5’ eGg] ;f]+rsf sf/0f tLg lbg gx'Gh]n ljBfno uOgF=== cem} klg xfd|f] ufpF3/df dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf 3/sf] cf]6fnf] -cfFug_ df ;ft lbg;Dd hfg lbOFb}g . b"w, l3p, bxL, dxLh:tf vfg]s'/f vfg klg lbOFb}g===Tof] ;dodf vfgf lbFbf klg g5f]P/ 6f9faf6 kmfNg] u5{g\ . dlxgfjf/L ePsf] ;dodf cfkm"eGbf 7"nf dfG5]nfO{ 5'g' x'Fb}g eGg] rng cem} klg sfod g} 5 . sIff !! cWoogsf nflu h'Dnf ;b/d'sfd vnËf cfPF . sf]7f vf]Hbf …ltdL 5'O x'G5f}F ls gfOF’ eg]/ ;f]w] . d}n] g9fF6]/ …x'G5'Ú eGbf …sf]7f 5}gÚ eg]/ kmsf{P===dlxgfjf/L ePsf] a]nf 5'g' x'Fb}g eGg] ;f+]r lzlIft elgPsf dflg;x¿df klg ulx/f] ¿kdf u9]sf] 5 . d clxn] ;b/d'sfdd} a;]/ /]l8of]df sfd ug{ yfn]sf] kfFr jif{ eof] . dlxgfjf/L ePsf] ;dodf d]/f] sf]7fdf a:5' t/ dlxgfjf/L ePsf] 5' eg]/ 3/a]6Lnufotsf cfkm"eGbf 7"nf dfG5]nfO{ slxNo} elGbgF . eGof] eg] 5'6\6} uf]7df a:g bafa lbG5g\ eGg] 8/ dnfO{ clxn] klg 5===k/Dk/fut ¿kdf dfGotf lbFb} cfPsf] s'/LltnfO{ cGTo ug{ PSn}n] s]xL ug{ g;lsFbf] /x]5===;dfhn] :jLsf/ gu/]kl5 kl/jt{g x'Fbf] /x]g5===cfzf 5, s'g} hdfgfsf] ;tLk|yf cGTo ePh:t} of] 5fpk8L klg cGTo x'g]5 .Æ


;|f]tM http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Chaupadi_Study_Report_ NHRC_Jestha_2075.pdf

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf dlxnfsf] xscGtu{t dlxnf ePs} sf/0faf6 s'g} klg lsl;dsf] e]befj gul/g], dlxnfnfO{ k|hgg :jf:Yo tyf k|hgg;DaGwL xs df}lns xssf] ¿kdf x'g] pNn]v 5 . dlxnflj?4 zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] lx+;fhGo sfo{ gul/g] / To:tf] sfo{ sfg'gåf/f b08gLo x'g], k}t[s ;DklQdf 5f]/f / 5f]/LnfO{ ;dfg xssf] Joj:yf 5 . To:t} ;fdflhs Gofosf] xsdf dlxnfnfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df /fHosf] ;+/rgfdf ;xefuL x'g] xs k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . 3/]n' lx+;f -s;'/, ;hfo_ P]g @)^^, dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/ -lgoGq0f_ P]g, @)^$ / lgodfjnL @)^% df ;d]t k|ToIf÷ck|ToIf ¿kdf dlxnf clwsf/;DaGwL Joj:yf /x]sf 5g\ . dlxnf clwsf/;DaGwL k|fjwfgsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;/sf/L ;+oGqsf] ;fydf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u, /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u, /fli6«o blnt cfof]unufot ;+oGqsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]unfO{ ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf] ¿kdf /fv]sf] 5 .

lj=;+=@)^* sf] hgu0fgfn] b]zsf kfFr jif{ jf ;f]eGbf dflyNnf] pd]/sf s'n @,#(,@^,%$! hg;ª\Vofdf ^%=( k|ltzt JolQmx¿ ;fIf/ /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . of] pd]/ ;d"xsf s'n k'?ifsf] &%=! k|ltzt / dlxnfsf] %&=$ k|ltzt ;fIf/ /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L 5 jif{ jf ;f]eGbf dflyNnf] pd]/sf s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] ^^=% k|ltzt tyf k'?if / dlxnfsf] qmdzM &%=( / %&=& k|ltzt ;fIf/ /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ut @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ 5 jif{ jf ;f]eGbf dflyNnf] pd]/sf JolQmx¿sf] s'n ;fIf/tf b/ %$=! k|ltzt, k'?if ;fIf/tf b/ ^%=% k|ltzt/ dlxnf ;fIf/tf b/ $@=* k|ltzt lyof] .14

sfnuf]7sf] Pp6f oyfy{ syf

t'n;L zfxL, ljGbfjflzgL uflj; b}n]v lhNnf 3/ ePsL ldlt @)&$ c;f/ @@ ut] 5fpk8Ldf a:bf ;k{n] 6f]s]/ d[To' ePsf] lyof] . lwhf{ zfxL -$&_ sf cg';f/ 5f]/L t'n;L zfxL 5fp eP/ dfdf3/df ;fyLx¿;Fu a:g uPsL lyOg\ . /ftLsf] ;f9] gf} ah]lt/ ;'t]sf] a]nfdf ;k{n] 6fpsf]df tLgk6s 7'Fu]sf] /x]5 . k5fl8 kmls{P/ x]b}{ gx]/L xftn] em6\sfg{ vf]Hbf b]a|] xftsf] cf}Fnfdf ;d]t ;k{n] 6f]s]/ uP5 . ;k{n] 6f]s]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 dfdf3/af6 kmf]g cfof] . cfdf / bfh' pgLsxfF uP . dfdf3/ / 3/sf] b"/L sl/a Ps 306fsf] lxF8fOdf lyof] . ToxfF k'u]kl5 pgLx¿n] klxn] emf/km's

14. http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/Population/Summary%20(Nepali)/Summary-Nepali.pdf


ug{ nufP5g\ . To;kl5 bfh'n] lk7Ø"df af]s]/ :jf:Yorf}sLdf nu]5g\ . :jf:Yorf}sL k'¥ofpFbf ToxfF ;k{n] 6f]s]sf] a]nf lbg'kg]{ ;'O /x]g5 . To;kl5 pSt :jf:Yorf}sLaf6 cem} 6f9f /x]sf] hDa'sfFwl:yt :jf:Yorf}sLdf k'¥ofOP5 . ToxfF k'u]/ tLgj6f OGh]S;g\ nufOof]Ù tLg uf]nL cf}iflw klg vfg lbOof] t/ Tolt ubf{ub}{ l9nf] eO;s]sf] lyof] . cl3Nnf] lbg a]n'sL ;f9] gf}+ ah]lt/ ;k{n] 6f]s]sf] ef]lnkN6 laxfg ;f9] !! ah]lt/ t'n;Lsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . :yfgLo JolQmx¿sf cg';f/ t'n;LnfO{ :jf:Yorf}sL k'¥ofpg'eGbf klxn] lwhf{ zfxLsf] legfh' gftf kg]{ JolQmaf6 km'skmfs u/fOPsf] atfP . tL JolQm :yfgLo /fhgLltdf ;lqmo e"ldsf v]Ng] JolQm klg x'g\ . pgL elG5g\ M To;sf] d[To'n] d]/f] lbdfu 7Ls 5}g . d]/f nflu 5f]/f eg]sf] ;Gtfg xf] / 5f]/L eg]sf] hLjg xf] . pm d/]kl5 dnfO{ w]/} ufnL u/] -pgsf] of] egfO, pgL / pgsf] 5f]/fdfly xflnPsf] ph'/Lsf] af/]df lyof] ._ pQm ph'/Lsf] sf/0f pgn] cfˆgf] 3/df 5fp gafg]{ u/]sf], klxn] ;'v]{t a:g] u/]sf]n] o;af/] cfkm"x¿ Tolt s§/ gePsf] atfOg\ . pgn] elgg\ M …xfdL 5fp ePkl5 eGb} eGb}gf}FÙ geg]kl5 yfx} x'GgÙ vfnL l6sf] nufpFb}gf}F .Ú pgn] elgg\ M d]/f lktfhLnfO{ emfFqmL cfpYof] . To;}n] lktfhLsf] 3/df x'Fbf Ps b'O{k6s af/]F . Tolta]nf 3/leq a:g x'GgYof] . 3/df b]ptfnfO{ 5fO5'O x'GYof] . xfdL 3/af6 aflx/ cnUu} a:Yof}F . ufO{e}F;Lsf] bfDnf] 5'g'x'GgF lyof] . t/, afv|f / s'v'/f kfn]sf] 7fpFdf a:g x'GYof] . lwhf{sf cg';f/ 5fp ePsf] a]nfdf vf]nf tg{ x'Fb}g lyof] . ufpFsf] b]jL sfn;}gLsf] dlGb/df hfg' x'Fb}gYof] t/ cfˆgL 5f]/L ToxfF 5fp x'Fbf uPsf]n] ToxfF klg ;k{ b]v]sf] eGg] pgsf] egfO lyof] . 5fp ePsf] a]nfdf sfn;}gL / sfne}/jsf] dlGb/df uof] eg] ;k{ cfpF5 eGg] s'/fdf pgsf] ljZjf; oyfjt\ lyof] . pgL elG5g\ M …ufpF ;+;f/ g} emfFqmL 5g\, To;}n] 5'jf5't ug{ x'Fb}gYof] .Ú olb s;}n] 5f]O5fO u/] eg] sfn;}gLsf] dlGb/df kf7f r9fpg'kb{5 eGg] s'/fdf pgL ljZjf; ul5{g\ . To:tf s'/fx¿ s;/L hflgof] eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/df pgL elG5g\ M …b]ptfn] eg]sf lktfk'vf{n] l;sfPÙ k/Dk/fb]lv dfGb} cfof}F .Ú pgn] xfnsf] cj:yfaf/] elgg\ M dfly laG;}gLdf tLhsf] sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] . Tof] sfo{qmdb]lv ufpFn]x¿n] 5fp gafg]{ eg]sf 5g\ .Ú lwhf{ zfxLsf cg';f/ 5fp x'g'eg]sf] z/L/sf] v'g v/fa ePsf] xf] . klxn] 5fp x'Fbf kfFr lbg;Dd aflx/ jf a/G8fdf a:y]Ù ca To;f] ug{' kb}{g . pgsf cg';f/ M 5fpk8Lsf] af/]df klxnf] sfo{qmd g} lj=;+=@)&$ ;fn ebf} * ut] tLhsf] lbg dfq} ePsf] lyof] . pgLx¿nfO{ 5fp x'Fbf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] 8/ g} b]ptf l/;fP/ ;k{ k7fpg] u/]sf] eGg] /x]5 . x'g klg ;k{n] 6f]s]/ d[To' ePsL t'n;L zfxLsf] nf; hnfpg] :yfgdf klg ;k{ k'u]5 / pgLx¿sf] ljZjf; -cGwljZjf;_ nfO{ cem} phf{ yKg] sfd u/]5 . :yfgLox¿sf cg';f/ vf]nfsf] lsgf/df nf; hnfpg] 7fpFdf k'u]sf] ;k{ kfgL ;k{ /x]5 . lwhf{


zfxLsf] eg] To;df klg cfˆg} ljZjf; / dfGotf /x]sf] 5 . pgL elG5g\ M …To;/L ;k{ b]lvg' eg]sf] jgsf] /fIf; kf] cfPsf x'g\ ls < jf b]ptfsf] v]nf kf] xf] ls < t/, 5f]/Lsf] d[To'kl5 pgnfO{ tL s'/fx¿df ljZjf; 5}g eGb} elG5g\– …d]/f] 5f]/L t d/]/ uO{Ù ca c? 5f]/Lx¿n] 5fp a;]sf] sf/0fn] dg{' gk/f];\ .Ú …To;}n], c?nfO{ o;/L aflx/ a:g x'GgÙ 3/d} a:g'k5{ . b"wbxL vfg'k5{ eg]/ l;sfpg'k5{ .Ú o; ljifodf, cfdf lwhf{ zfxL k9] n]v]sL geP klg d[ts t'n;L zfxL ufpFs} :s'ndf b; sIff;Ddsf] k9fO k"/f u/L sf7df8f}Fdf uP/ Kn; @ df cWoog/t /x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] .

;|f]tM http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Chaupadi_Study_Report_

NHRC_Jestha_2075.pdf

;dfj]zLs/0fsf] gLlt cjnDag u/L /fHosf lgsfox¿df dlxnf ;xeflutf qmdzM

a9\b} hfg'nfO{ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 . /fhgLlts ¿kdf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj

qmdzM a9\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 . k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg @)&$ df ;DkGg lgjf{rgdf

&^ nfv %! xhf/ !$# dlxnf dtbftf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . d'n's ;‹Lotfdf k|j]z ug]{

qmddf tLg txsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . lgjf{rgn] dlxnf k|ltlglwTjsf]

;ª\Vofdf j[l4 u/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo txsf ljleGg kbdf !$#%@ dlxnf lgjf{lrt ePsf

5g\ . k|b]z;eftkm{ klxnf] lgjf{lrt x'g]df !& / ;dfg'kflts !&@ hgf /x]sf 5g\ .

k|ltlglw;efdf klxnf] lgjf{lrt x'g]df ^ / ;dfg'kfltsdf *$ hgf 5g\ . To;}u/L

/fli6«o ;efdf @! hgf dlxnfsf] k|ltlglwTj /x]sf] b]lvG5 . /fi6«klt, ;‹Lo ;+;b\sf]

pk;dfd'v / pkfWoIfdf dlxnf lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ . ;du|df x]bf{ s'n k|ltzt

$)=&( /x]sf] 5 . otf cbfntdf eg] of] ;ª\Vof Go"g b]lvG5 . xfn ;jf]{Rr, pRr /

lhNnfdf qmdzM b'O{, b; / rf/ /x]sf] 5Ù h'g rf/ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/L x'g cfpF5 .

/fhgLlts ¿kdf dlxnf ;xeflutfdf j[l4 x'Fb} uP klg cfly{s, ;fdflhs If]qdf l:ylt

;Gtf]ifhgs cj:yfdf 5}g . cfly{s ¿kdf dlxnfsf] w]/} xb;Dd k'?ifdflysf] lge{/tf

sfod} 5 . 3/fo;L sfdnfO{ sfdsf] ¿kdf u0fgf ul/Psf] 5}g . c;fdflhs d"No–

dfGotf Pj+ Jojxf/tM lje]b, bdg, zf]if0f, cGofo, cTofrf/ / alxis/0f cflbsf sf/0f

o;sf] :jfefljs k|efj /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts tyf z}lIfsnufotsf

If]qdf kg'{ :jfefljs} xf] .


dlxnf cj:yf15

cfj= anfTsf/ anfTsf/ k|of;

a]rlavg ue{ktg ax'ljjfx afnljjfx 3/]n' lx+;f

@)&@—)&# !)*( $%@ @!@ @@ $^# @) (#(* @)&#—)&$ !!#! %#^ @@& @@ $^$ @^ !!^@( @)&$—)&% !$*) &@& #)* !* ^)@ ^@ !@@@%

em'df, b]psL, 5fpk8Lh:tf ;fdflhs s'k|yfx¿ ce}m k"0f{¿kdf x6fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . bfOhf] tyf ltns, afnljjfx, d~h'/Lljgf ljjfx, af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf sltko kl/af/df ;b:ox¿af6} lx+;f, bfOhf] gNofPsf] sf/0f s'6lk6 cflb 36gfsf :j¿kx¿ s'g} g s'g} ¿kdf ljBdfg 5g\ . 3/]n' lx+;fsf 36gfx¿df a9f]Q/L eO/x]sf] 5 . ;do / ljsf;qmd ;Fu;Fu} dlxnfdfly x'g] lje]b, lx+;fsf] k|sf/ / ¿k klg km/s xF'b} uO/x]sf] 5 . cfw'lgs k|ljlwnfO{ b'¿kof]u u/L dlxnfdfly lx+;f ug]{ k|rng klg /lxcfPsf] 5 . lel8of] PS;/]dfkm{t e|"0fsf] klxrfg u/L 5f]/L ePdf ue{ktg ug]{ kl/kf6LnfO{ o; ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 . anfTsf/, of}gb'Jo{jxf/, Pl;8 5s{g] 36gfx¿af6 dlxnfx¿ kLl8t eO/x]sf 5g\ . ctM sfg'gsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog, hgr]tgf, /f]huf/Lh:tf kIfdf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ s]lGb|t x'g'kg]{ cj:yf b]lvG5 .

—afn clwsf/

afn clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw, !(*( n] !* jif{d'lgsf JolQmx¿nfO{ afnaflnsfsf] ¿kdf dfGotf lbOPsf] 5 . 3/]n' sfg'gdf eg] pd]/df Ps¿ktf kfObF}g . afn clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGwnufotsf cGo b:tfj]hdf pNn]lvt k|fjwfg x]bf{ afnaflnsfsf clwsf/nfO{ afn arfpsf] clwsf/, afn ljsf;sf] clwsf/, afn ;+/If0fsf] clwsf/ / afn ;xeflutfsf] clwsf/sf] ¿kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #( n] k|To]s afnaflnsfnfO{ cfˆgf] klxrfg tyf gfdsf] xs x'g], kfngkf]if0f, cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff k|fKt ug]{ xs x'g], zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s jf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf] zf]if0flj?4sf] xs x'g] Joj:yf 5 . To;}u/L c;xfo, cgfy, ;':t dgl:ylt, åGåkLl8t, lj:yflkt Pj+ hf]lvddf k/]sf / ;8s afnaflnsfnfO{ /fHoaf6 ljz]if ;'ljwf kfpg] xs x'g], afnaflnsfnfO{ snsf/vfgf, vfgL jf o:t} cGo hf]lvdk"0f{ sfddf nufpg jf ;]gf, k|x/L jf åGådf k|of]u ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

15. https://cid.nepalpolice.gov.np/index.php/cid-wings/women-children-service-directorate


;a} afnaflnsf ljBfnodf egf{ x'g g;Sg], pRr ljBfno 5f8\g] pRr b/, aGb x8tfn cflbaf6 k7gkf7gdf k/]sf] c;/, ul/aL tyf ef}uf]lns ljs6tfnufotsf sf/0faf6 lzIffsf] clwsf/af6 afnaflnsf jl~rt x'g'k/]sf] l:ylt 5 . cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfo, blnt ;d'bfosf sltko afnaflnsfx¿ cem} klg lzIffsf] kx'FreGbf aflx/ 5g\ . 3/, kl/jf/ / ljBfnodf afnaflnsfdfly x'g] zf/Ll/s b08 klg afn clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf r'gf}tLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . -yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu x]g'{xf];\, lzIffsf] clwsf/_

afnaflnsfdfly x'g] lx+;fsf 36gfx¿ afn clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf 7"Nff] r'gf}tLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf 5g\ . vf;u/L aflnsfx¿ of}gb'Jo{jxf/af6 kLl8t eO/x]sf 5g\ . aflnsfx¿ anfTsf/ x'g] qmd a9]sf] 5 . afnljjfx clxn] klg r'gf}lts} ¿kdf /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ !$ jif{d'lgsf !! bzdnj kfFr k|ltzt afnaflnsfsf] afnljjfx x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;z:q åGåaf6 k|efljt afnaflnsfsf] k'gM:yfkgfnufotsf sfo{x¿ k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . ljBfnodf zf/Ll/s ;hfo lbg] k|rng clxn] klg k"0f{tM cGTo x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . lgjf{rgdf afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u clxn] k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 . -yk hfgsf/Lsf] nflu x]g'{xf];\, dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 lgjf{rg_

afn>d afn clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf 7"Nff] r'gf}tLsf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . afnaflnsfsf] s'n hg;ª\Vofsf ## bzdnj gf} k|ltzt afnaflnsf afn>ddf / sl/a 5 nfv aL; afnaflnsf hf]lvdo'Qm >ddf /x]sf 5g\ . ;x/L tyf t/fO{–dw];sf] If]qdf 3/]n' afn>lds, cf}Bf]lus If]qdf lqmofzLn afn>lds, oftfoft If]qdf ;+nUg afn>lds, xf]6n cflb Joj;fo / dgf]/~hgsf] If]qdf ;+nUg afn>ldsnufotsf ;d:ofx¿ 5g\ eg] kxf8L / lxdfnL If]qdf afnaflnsfx¿ el/ofsf] ¿kdf ;d]t ;+nUg ePsf kfOG5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] afn>d pGd"ngsf nflu NofPsf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf] k|efjsfl/tf b]lvg ;s]sf] 5}g .

ljZj :jf:Yo ;Ë7gsf] j8{ x]Ny :6fl6l:S; @)!* df afnaflnsfsf] :jf:Yo cj:yfaf/]df klg pNn]v 5 . h;cg';f/ k|ltnfv hLljt aRrfdWo] @%* ljljw ue{;DaGwL ;d:ofsf] sf/0f Hofg u'dfpg'k/]sf] 5 . lbuf] ljsf; nIocg';f/ @)#) ;Dd of] ;ª\Vof k|ltnfv &) hgfeGbf tn x'g'kg]{5 . ljz]iftM tflndk|fKt hgzlQm hf] clxn] %& k|ltzt 5 . o;sf] ;fy} b'u{ddf lrlsT;s ghfg' / bIfaf6 ;'Ts]/L ;]jf gkfPsf] jf:tljstf 5 . lszf]/L pd]/df k|ltxhf/df -!)—!( jif{_ ** lszf]/Lx¿n] aRrf hGdfpFb5g\ . kfFr jif{d'lgsf (=& k|ltzt Vofp6]kg / )=#! k|ltzt x]kfxfOl6; aLsf] l;sf/ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . afn d[Tob/ k|ltxhf/df #$=% k|ltzt /x]sf] l:ylt 5 . ljljw pknlAwsf afah'b afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/sf] If]qdf b]lvPsf oL ;d:ofx¿sf] ;Daf]wg ug'{ ;/sf/ Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] bfloTj x'g cfp5 .


cflbjf;L÷hghfltsf] clwsf/

cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fg P]g, @)%* sf cg';f/ cflbjf;L÷hghflt eGgfn] cfˆgf] dft[efiff / k/Dk/fut /Lltl/jfh, 5'§} ;f+:s[lts klxrfg, a]Un} ;fdflhs ;+/rgf / lnlvt jf clnlvt Oltxf; ePsf] hflt jf ;d'bfonfO{ a'lemG5 . cflbjf;L;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o >d ;Ë7g dxf;lGw, !^( df e"ld clwsf/, k|fs[lts ;fwg, ;|f]tdf kx'Fr, lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/Lnufotsf ljifonfO{ ;d]l6Psf] 5 . o; dxf;lGwn] lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;xeflutfsf] clwsf/nfO{ hf]8 lbg'sf ;fy} cflbjf;Lsf clwsf/ ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g ug]{nufotsf ljifo pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts ljsf;dflysf] clwsf/, pgLx¿nfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf k|efj kfg{] ljsf; of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf] th'{df, sfof{Gjog tyf d"NofÍg k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g] clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] kfOG5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf df}lns xscGtu{t lzIff tyf ;+:s[lt;DaGwL xsdf k|To]s ;d'bfonfO{ sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd cfˆgf] dft[efiffdf cfwf/e"t lzIff / cfˆgf] efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;f+:s[lts ;Eotf / ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf] xs x'g]5 eGg] pNn]v 5 . ;fdflhs Gofosf] xsdf cfly{s, ;fdflhs jf z}lIfs b[li6n] kl5 k/]sf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw];L ;d'bfo, pTkLl8t ju{, ul/a ls;fg / dhb'/nfO{ ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df /fHosf] ;+/rgfdf ;xefuL x'g] xs;DaGwL k|fjwfg 5 . /fHosf] bfloTj, lgb{]zs gLltx¿df /fHosf] bfloTjcGtu{t lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, vfB ;Dk|e'tf / /f]huf/Ldf lglZrt ;dosf nflu cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf 5 . h;df, cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ¿kn] lk5l8Psf cflbjf;L hghfltsf] pTyfg ug{] gLltsf ;fy} ;sf/fTds lje]bsf cfwf/df ljz]if Joj:yf ug{] gLlt pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . lzIff, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, vfB ;Dk|e'tf / /f]huf/Ldf lglZrt ;dosf nflu cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ¿kn] lk5l8Psf cflbjf;L hghflt, dw];L, blntnufot ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfo tyf ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lgsf dhb'/ ls;fgsf] pTyfg ug]{ gLlt /fHon] cjnDag ug]{5 eGg] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L /fHon] dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt, dw];L, d'l:ndnufot cNk;ª\Vos, e"ldxLg, ;'s'Daf;L, sd}of, ckfËtf ePsf, lk5l8Psf If]q tyf ;d'bfo / åGåkLl8tsf nflu ;sf/fTds lje]bsf cfwf/df ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{5 elgPsf] 5 . cflbjf;L hghfltsf] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;Ddfg / kl/kfngfsf] nflu ;+ljwfgn] cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]usf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] 5 .

lj=;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf cflbjf;L hghfltsf] hg;ª\Vof (@,^&,*&) cyf{t\ #$=(& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o


k|lti7fg P]g, @)%* sf] cg';"rL ! n] %( j6f hfltnfO{ cflbjf;L hghfltsf] ¿kdf ;"lrs[t u/]sf] 5 .

;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf cf/If0fsf] Joj:yfn] la:tf/} ;/sf/L ;]jfdf cflbjf;L hghfltx¿sf] kx'Frdf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] b]lvG5 . cflbjf;L hghfltx¿leq klg /fp6], ;'/]n, s';'G8f, r]kfªh:tf nf]kf]Gd'v ;d'bfox¿sf] cj:yf eg] cToGt} lg/fzfhgs 5 . ;fj{hflgs dxTTjsf If]qdf pgLx¿sf] ;xeflutf z"Goh:t} /x]sf] 5 . bf]nvfsf] ;'/L ufpFdf dfq kfOg] ;'/]nx¿sf] :yfgLo txdf ;d]t /fhgLlts k|ltlglwTj 5}g .

cflbjf;L ;d'bfo;Fu ljlzi6 1fg, l;k / k|ljlw /x]sf 5g\ . hf] hLjgofkgsf cfwf/ x'g\, tL ljifox¿nfO{ dxf;lGwn] k];f / /f]huf/Lsf] clwsf/leq ;d]6]sf] 5 . clxn]sf] l:yltdf Psflt/ vf]nfdf df5f df/]/ hLljsf]kfh{g ug]{ dfemL ;d'bfo qmdzM lj:yflkt eO/x]sf] 5 eg] vf]nfaf6 df5f / h}ljs ljljwtf dfl;Fb} uPsf] 5 . jghËn / k/Dk/fut jg hËnaf6 ;fd'bflos jg, /fli6«o lgs'~h jf ;+/If0fsf] gfddf lj:yfkg u/]kl5 cflbjf;Lsf] h8La'6L pkrf/sf] 1fg klg nf]k x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 .

clxn] klg cflbjf;L hghfltx¿n] k/Dk/fut cEof; / k|yfut sfg'g k|rngdf 5g\ . tL k|yf / jt{dfg sfg'gaLr s;/L ;fd~h:o Nofpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf vf]hd"ns cg';Gwfg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ysfnL ;d'bfodf /x]sf] 3Dkf, yf¿x¿df k/Dk/fut Goflos k|0ffnL a8\3/, dx6jf+ jf endG;f, xfo'x¿df kflns]dh:tf Goflos k|0ffnLut k|yfx¿ 5g\ . jt{dfg sfg'g k|0ffnL / k|yfaLr t'ngfTds cWoog / ljZn]if0f cfjZos 5 . ;docg';f/ k|yfk/Dk/fnfO{ klg ljsl;t ug]{tkm{ Wofg s]lGb|t x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvG5 .

:jfoQ ;/sf/L lgsfosf] ¿kdf lj=;+=@)%* df :yflkt cflbjf;L÷hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fgn] cflbjf;L hghfltx¿sf] pTyfg tyf ;zQmLs/0f ug{] p2]Zo;lxt sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s Pj+ ax';f+:s[lts d'n's ePsf] x'gfn] cfk;L klxrfg / ljljwtfk|lt ;Ddfgsf] cjwf/0ff qmdzM ljsf; x'Fb} uPsf] 5 tyflk ck]lIft dfqfdf sfo{ x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;dfj]lztf;DaGwL Joj:yf sfof{Gjogdf cfPkl5 ;fj{hlgs ;]jfdf cflbjf;L hghfltsf] ;xeflutf a9] klg Go"g ;xeflutfsf] cj:yf ljBdfg g} 5 .

sltko cj:yfdf cbfntx¿df bf]efif]sf] Joj:yf ul/P klg clwsf+z cbfntdf efiffsf] ;d:of ljBdfg 5 . c•fcbfntdf bf]efif] gx'Fbf efiffs} sf/0f cf/f]lkt JolQmn] cfkmgf s'/f ;xL 9Ën] /fVg g;Sg], cbfntsf sd{rf/Ln] g]kfnLdf ;f]w]sf s'/f :ki6 ga'em\g], hjfkm kmsf{pg ;Sb}gg\ . o;sf] l;wf c;/ Gofo;Dkfbgdf kg{ hfG5 . cGttM efiff ;d:ofs} sf/0f JolQm jf ;d'bfo kLl8t aGg'kg]{ cj:yf x'G5 . ;+ljwfgn] ax'eflifs gLlt cjnDag u/]sf] 5, h'g ;sf/fTds kIf xf] . o;sf] nflu


efiff gLlt eflifs gLlt agfpg'kg]{ a]nf eO;s]sf] 5 . /fHoaf6 nf]kf]Gd'v efiffsf] ;+/If0fsf] lglDt of]hgfa4 sfo{qmd / ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

—Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/

zf/Ll/s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts cj:yfnfO{ h]i7 gful/s dfkgsf] cfwf/ dflgP klg pd]/df ljz]if hf]8 lbOPsf] kfOG5 . ctM o; cfwf/df h]i7 gful/s eGgfn] k|f}9 jf cf};t pd]/ gf3]sf JolQmnfO{ a'emfpFb5 . Ho]i7 gful/s;DaGwL P]g, @)^# df ^) jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] g]kfnL gful/snfO{ h]i7 gful/ssf] kl/efiffcGtu{t /fv]sf] 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/s cg'ejsf vfgL x'g\Ù 1fgsf e08f/ x'g\ . d'n'ssf nflu dfu{bz{s x'g\ . pgLx¿sf] clwsf/nfO{ ljleGg cGt/f{li6«o / /fli6«o b:tfj]hx¿df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkqdf ;a} JolQmnfO{ ljgfe]befj 3f]if0ffkqdf pNn]v ePsf clwsf/k|fKt x'g] / wf/f @% -!_ n] k|f}9fj:yfdf ;d]t hLljsf]kfh{gsf nflu ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/ x'g] Joj:yf 5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o cle;lGw, !(^^ sf] wf/f !) df k|To]s JolQmsf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/nfO{ /fHon] :jLsf/ ug'{kg]{ k|fjwfg 5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹sf] dxf;efaf6 !^ l8;]Da/ !((! Dff kfl/t /fi6«;‹Lo j[4j[4f;DaGwL l;4fGtx¿df ;a} ;b:o /fi6«nfO{ :jfwLgtf, ;xeflutf, cfTd;Ddfgnufotsf l;4fGtx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] /fli6«o sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ egL ljz]if hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg -@)&@_ df ;dfgtfsf] xscGtu{t wf/f !* sf] pkwf/f -#_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zdf afns, j[4 tyf ckfË jf zf/Ll/s jf dfgl;s ¿kn] czQm JolQmsf] ;+/If0f, ;zQmLs/0f jf ljsf;sf nflu sfg'gåf/f ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] k|fjwfg 5 . dlxnf, >lds, j[4, ckfËtf ePsf tyf czQm / c;xfo gful/snfO{ sfg'gdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd ;fdflhs ;'/Iff;DaGwL xs / lgb]{zs l;4fGtcGtu{t /fHon] c;xfo, j[4, cflbsf] ;+/If0f / pGgltsf nflu ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{ pNn]v 5 . h]i7 gful/s;DaGwL P]g, @)^# n] h]i7 gful/ssf] x]/ljrf/, :ofxf/;Def/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff;DaGwdf rrf{ u/]sf] 5 . h]i7 gful/s;DaGwL P]g, @)^# n] h]i7 gful/ssf] x]/ljrf/, :ofxf/;Def/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo h]i7 gful/s sNof0f ;ldltsf] u7g / h]i7 gful/s sNof0fsf]ifsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfndf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\Vof s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] *=!# k|ltzt cyf{t\ @$,@@,$($ /x]sf] 5 -hgu0fgf @)^*_ . cfwf/e"t kf]if0f, vfBfGg, ;/;kmfO, :jf:Yo ;'ljwfdf ePsf] k|ult, cfly{s ;d[l4n] cfPsf] gful/s r]tgf, / k|ultn] cf};t pd]/ a9\b} uPsf] cflb sf/0faf6 jflif{s #=% k|ltztsf b/n] Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5 . of]


;ª\Vof xfn @)&$ df @^ nfv k'u]sf] 5 . of] ;ª\Vof lj=;+=@)&* -;g\ @)@)_ df !)=!) k|ltzt, lj=;+= @)*# -;g\ @)@%_ df !# k|ltzt / lj=;+= @!)* -;g\ @)%)_ df @!=^ k|ltzt;Dd k'Ug] cg'dfg /x]sf] 5 =-hgu0fgf @)^* k|If]k0f_ .16 b]zsf $% lhNnfdf j[4f>d -x]/rfx s]Gb|_ sf] ;ª\Vof *& 5 eg] @@ j6f j[4f>d lgdf{0ffwLg 5g\ . k|b]z g+= ! df !! lhNnf, k|b]z g+= @ df % lhNnf, k|b]z g+= # df & lhNnf, u08sL k|b]zdf * lhNnf, % g+= k|b]zdf * lhNnf, s0ff{nL k|b]zdf @ / ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zdf $ lhNnfdf j[4f>d ;~rflnt 5g\ . ! lhNnfdf ! eGbf a9L klg j[4f>d 5g\ .17 b]zel/df lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|sf] ;ª\Vof !!( /x]sf] 5 . b]zel/df (^% dlxnf / ^!@ k'?if u/L hDdf !%&& hgf j[4f>ddf /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .18

;/sf/n] Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu dgf]/~hg tyf tf]lsPsf If]qx¿df ljz]if 5'6 k|bfg

ug{ ;]jfk|bfosx¿nfO{ pTk|]l/t ug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5 . To;}u/L ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rr

cbfntn] P]gcg'¿k Ho]i7 gful/sx¿nfO{ ;fj{hlgs tyf cGo ;]jfdf %) k|ltzt 5'6

lbg ;/sf/sf gfddf k/dfb]zsf] cfb]z;d]t hf/L u/]sf] 5 . s]xL ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L

;fwgx¿df Ho]i7 gful/s cf/If0f l;6sf] Joj:yf u/L ef8fdf %) k|ltzt 5'6 lbg]

gLlt lnOPsf] eP klg To;sf] sfof{Gjog kIf Psbd lkmtnf] 5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf]

cjwf/0ffcg';f/ ;/sf/n] xfn ;fdflhs ;'/IffcGtu{t &) jif{ pd]/ k"/f u/]sf h]i7

gful/snfO{ b'O{ xhf/ ?lkofFsf b/n] dfl;s eQf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

cfof]un] u/]sf] cg'udgsf] cfwf/df Ho]i7 gful/s eQfnfO{ lgjf{xd'vL x'g] u/L j[l4

ug{], ;fj{hlgs oftfoft / :jf:Yo If]qdf z'Ns 5'6 ug]{, Ho]i7 gful/s;DaGwL P]gsf]

;dofg's"n ;+zf]wg ug]{, Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ kl/Tofu ug]{ sfo{nfO{ ck/fwLs/0f

ug]{nufotsf ljifox¿df ul/Psf l;kmfl/;x¿ cem};Dd sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

oL ljz]if Joj:yfsf afah'b klg Ho]i7 gful/ssf] cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . j[4f>d,

x]/rfx s]Gb| j[l4 x'Fb} hfg' eg]sf] Ho]i7 gful/sx¿ kl/jf/af6 ckx]lnt x'g k'Ug' xf] .

clxn] klg pgLx¿ cfly{s, ;fdflhs, :jf:Yo / kfl/jfl/s ;d:ofaf6 ;tfOsf 5g\ .

;8s tyf d7dlGb/x¿df dfuL u'hf/f rnfpg'k/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] nufgL nlIft ju{

-h]i7 gful/s_ ;Dd k'Ug g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 .

16= ;}j'n] dx]Gb| Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf, ;zQmLs/0f -jif{ !$ k"0ff{ª\s #!_ dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s dGqfno, c;f/ @)&% .http://mowcsw.gov.np//public/uploads/1102047078 Sasaktikaran_Mahila_Mantralaya_2075_CTP_Final.pdf 17.http://www.nhrcnepal.org/nhrc_new/doc/newsletter/Mid_Term_Report_on_Senior_Citizen_Home_monitoring_Ashoj_14_2075.pdf 18 Ibid


kl/jf/af6 dfof, :g]x, ;Ddfgsf] cefjdf sltko Ho]i7 gful/s j[4f>ddf k'Ug afWo

5g\ . cfly{s, zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;s ¿kdf sdhf]/ x'g yfn]kl5 kl/jf/n] af]em dx;';

ug]{ / j[4f>ddf /fVg] kl/kf6Ldf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] cj:yf 5 . cfw'lgsLs/0f / klZrdL

;+:s[ltsf] a9\bf] k|efjn] ubf{ k|frLg k/Dk/f ;+:s[ltsf] lj36gn] ljs[ltnfO{ :yfg

lbPsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf] ;fy} k':tfGt/sf] vf8ndf j[l4 x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL ;dfh

;+o'Qm kl/jf/af6 Psn kl/jf/tkm{ hfFbf o;sf] c;/ Ho]i7 gful/sdfly kg{ uPsf] 5 .

PSnf] hLjg JotLt ug{'kg]{, ;DklQ gx'Fbf ckx]lnt x'g'kg]{, b'Jo{jxf/ ;xg'kg]{ / cGttM

3/af6} lgisfl;t x'g'kg]{ cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 .

o; ;DaGwdf k|efjsf/L 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog x'g g;s]sf]

l:ylt 5 . ;/sf/L tj/df lbOg] cg'bfg kf/bzL{ x'g g;Sbf lbjf ;]jf s]Gb|x¿df

nufgLsf] ;b'kof]u x'g g;s]sf] kfOFb}g . klZrdf ;+:s[ltsf] a9\bf] k|efj, a;fOF;/fO,

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lnufotsf sf/0faf6 kl/jf/ ljv08gsf] qmd tLj| x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .

o;af6 ;a}eGbf a9L Ho]i7 gful/sx¿ k|efljt ag]sf 5g\ . j[4fj:yfaf6 sdhf]/

dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s cj:yfdf pgLx¿sf] x]/rfxdf uDeL/ ;d:ofx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .

ctM Ho]i7 gful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf]

Wofg s]lGb|t ug{ l9nf eO;s]sf] 5 .

—cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/

k|To]s JolQmn] cfˆgf] of]Uotf, Ifdtf / 5gf]6cg';f/ /f]huf/L k|fKt ug'{ p;sf] clwsf/

xf] . cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / pgLx¿sf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf] ;+/If0f;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o

dxf;lGw, !(() sf] wf/f @ -!_ n] cfkm" gful/s g/x]sf] /fi6«df tna kfpg]

lqmofsnfkdf nufOg] jf nfu]sf] jf nufOPsf] JolQmnfO{ ;Demg'kb{5 egL cfk|jf;L

sfdbf/sf] kl/efiff u/]sf] 5 . o; dxf;lGwn] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/nfO{ lje]blj?4sf]

clwsf/, /fli6«otfsf] clwsf/, oftgf, cdfgjLo jf ckdfghgs Jojxf/ jf

b08lj?4sf] clwsf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . bf;Tj, bf;Jofkf/, ha/h:tL >dlj?4sf]

clwsf/, u}/sfg'gL kqmfplj?4sf] clwsf/, :jR5, lgikIf ;'g'jfO, :jtGqtf / ;'/Iff,

:j}lR5s lu/km\tf/L jf y'gflj?4sf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'/lIft u/]sf] 5 .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ / j}b]lzs /f]huf/ gLlt sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf 5g\ .

To;}u/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/;DaGwL GofofwLs/0f / >d–;xrf/Lsf] Joj:yf 5 . o;afx]s

;/sf/n] j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf lgldQ sfdbf/ k7fpg] ;DaGwdf /f]huf/d"ns b]zx¿df

;Demf}tfdfkm{t ljz]if Joj:Yff;d]t ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;cg'¿k g]kfn ;/sf/n] blIf0f


sf]l/ofdf sfdbf/ k7fpg] p2]Zon] OkLP; k4ltcGtu{t Go"gtd z'Nsdf k|lzIffyL{

cfk|jf;L g]kfnL sfdbf/ k7fpgsf nflu ;Demf}tf u/]sf] 5 eg] hfkfg;Fu klg o:t}

k|s[[ltsf] ;Demf}tf u/L k|lzIffyL{ g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿ k7fpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

g]kfn d"n¿kdf sfdbf/ k7fpg] /fi6« xf] . v'nf l;dfgf kf/ u/L ef/t / ltAat hfg]

sfdbf/x¿sf] s'g} clen]v g} 5}g . g]kfnn] !!) j6f d'n'snfO{ >dsf nflu v'nf

u/]sf]df xfn O/fsdf hfg ;/sf/n] /f]s nufPsf] 5 . JolStut >d :jLs[lt lnO{ hfg]

d'n'ssf] ;ª\Vof !&@ j6f /x]sf] 5 . tnsf] tflnsfcg';f/ g]kfnaf6 j}b]lzs

/f]huf/Ldf hfg] sfdbf/x¿sf] gf} jif{sf] >d :jLs[lt lnPsf] ;ª\Vofn] klg a9\bf] b/ /

36\bf] b/sf] :ki6¿kdf cfFsng ug{ ;lsG5 .

cfly{s jif{ -;g\df_

k'?if dlxnf hDdf jflif{s a9\bf] / 36\bf] b/

jflif{s j[l4÷36\bf] k|ltzt

@))*÷@))( @,!!,#&! *,%($ @,!(,(^% — — @))(÷@)!) @,*$,)#* !),)%^ @($,)($ &$,!@( ##=& Ü @)!)÷@)!!_ #,$$,#)) !),$! ^#%$,&! ^),^@@ @)=^ @)!!÷@)!@_ #^!,&)& @@,(%* #*$^^% @(,($( *=$ @)!@÷@)!#_ $@#,$*@ @&,&^& $%!,@$( ^^,%*$ !&=# @)!#÷@)!$_ $(@,^%) @(,!(( %@!,*$( &),^)) !%=^ @)!$÷@)!%_ $&&,^(! @!,!$! $((,!)@ –@@,&$& –$=$ @)!%÷@)!^_ #*%,@@& !*,^$) $)#,^*& –(%,$!% –!(=! @)!^÷@)!&_ #^@,*@ ^@),!@) #*@,($^ –@),&$! –%=! hDdf ##,$#,@(@ !^*,(*! #%,!@,@&#

;|f]t M >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfnosf] k|ltj]bg, @)!*

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] g]kfnLx¿sf] lxt ;+/If0f ug]{ p2]Zo /fvL >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfnon] @)&@ h]7 @^ ut]b]lv ;ft /fi6«x¿df ljz]if Jo:yf u¥of] . o; Joj:yfdf /f]huf/L ug{ hfg] sfdbf/sf] nflu /f]huf/bftf sDkgLn] le;f / cft]hft] xjfO{ l6s6afkt nfUg] vr{ Aoxf]g'{kg]{]{ k|fjwfg 5 . o:tf d'n'sx¿df dn]l;of, stf/, ;fpbL c/]laof, ;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\;, s'j]t, ax/fOg / cf]dfg /x]sf 5g\ . j}b]lzs /f]huf/df ;+nUg lghL sDkgLx¿ clxn] klg o; sfo{sf] lj/f]wdf b]lvG5g\ . lgMz'Ns l6s6 / le;f;DaGwL k|fjwfgsf] sfof{Gjog kIf Jojxf/df k|efjsf/L b]lvg ;s]sf] 5}g . kmntM Joj;foLn] a9L /sd lnO{ !) xhf/sf] e/kfO lbg] u/]sf tYox¿ aflx/ cfO/x]sf 5g\ .


b]z clxn] cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] ljk|]if0fdf lge{/ 5 . ptf j}b]lzs /f]huf/df ;+nUg ;Lldt sfdbf/x¿sf] cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs eP klg 7"nf] lx:;f bogLo cj:yfaf6 u'h|g afWo 5 . d'n'sdf ck]lIft /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ l;h{gf x'g g;Sbf ljb]lzg]sf] ;ª\Vof 7"nf] 5 . cfly{s ;DkGgtf Pj+ b}lgsLrof{sf] nflu ljb]lzPsf sfdbf/x¿dWo] sltn] Hofg u'dfPsf 5g\ eg] slt cËeË x'g k'u]sf 5g\ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{sf] clen]vcg';f/ cfj @)^&÷@)^* b]lv @)&$÷@)&% ;Dd d[ts sfdbf/sf] ;ª\Vof -dlxnf !@@ / k'?if_ %&!) u/L hDdf %*#@ / cËeË÷czSt la/fdLsf] ;ª\Vof k'?if &%( / dlxnf @* u &*& hgf /x]sf] 5 . af]8{n] xfn;Dd cfly{s ;xof]u u/]sf] d[ts sfdbf/ kl/jf/nfO{ k'?if ^^#( / dlxnf !%) hgf, la/fdL tyf cËeË !@)@ hgf / p4f/df !)% hgfnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 . zj lemsfOPsf] ;ª\Vof @)^ hgf, ;DalGwt kl/jf/df k7fOPsf] zj !))# hgf, :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;xof]u %( hgf /x]sf] 5 . oL sfo{sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu af]8{af6 Ps ca{ %^ s/f]8 && nfv ($ xhf/ ?lkofF vr{ ePsf] 5 . dn]l;of, ;fpbL c/a, stf/, ;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\;, s'j]t, cf]dfg, ;fOk|;, n]agfg, hf]8{g / u0ftGq blIf0f sf]l/of g]kfnL dlxnf >ldsx¿sf ;a}eGbf pRr !) uGtJo d'n'sx¿df ;"rLs[t ul/Psf 5g\ .

cfof]un] o; cfly{s jif{df cWofudg ljefucGtu{t lx/f;t, j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljefu, lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynsf] cWofudg sIf / >d 8]:s, ef/tLo ;Ldfgfsfsf] cg'udg u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfn ;/sf/sf clwsf/Lx¿, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf k|ltlglw, k"j{ /fhb"t, of]hgf cfof]usf k"j{ ;b:ox¿;Fusf] k/fdz{ 5nkmn rnfPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L hgsk'/ / lj/f6gu/df k|fb]lzs ;Dd]ng Pj+ cGtlqm{ofTds sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . cg'udg, ;Dd]ng, /fli6«o k/fdz{ uf]i7Laf6 k|fKt tYox¿, ;'emfjx¿sf] cfwf/df x]bf{ g]kfnL cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs b]lvFb}g . k|fKt tYox¿sf] cfwf/df x]bf{ cfk|jf;L g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿sf] cj:yf b]xfoadf]lhd /x]sf] kfOG5M M

— uGtJo d'n'sdf cnkq / pkrf/fy{ cfk|jf;L >ldsx¿sf] p4f/ tyf :jb]z lkmtL{;DaGwL sfo{ ck]Iffs[t ¿kdf k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/;DaGwL P]gdf ha{h:tL >d / a]rlavghGo s;'/ b08gLo x'g] Joj:yf ;dfj]z gx'Fbf sfdbf/x¿ kLl8t x'g'k/]sf],

— /f]huf/Lsf nflu ef/t hfg] nfvf}+ g]kfnL gful/sx¿sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf] ljifonfO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]gn] ;d]6\g g;s]sf],

— ef/tdf /x]sf g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿ g]kfn kms{Fbf b'O{ b]zsf] ;Ldfgfsfdf ;d:of jf n'6kf6df kg]{ u/]sf],


— >lds egf{ ug]{ lgsfo -Dofkfj/ Ph]G;L, :jf:y k/LIf0f ;+:yf, cled'vLs/0f ;+:yfx¿_ / Ph]G6sf lqmofsnfksf] cg'udg / lgodg k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf],

— dlxnf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] ;DaGwdf ljz]if ;+/If0fsf] cefj /x]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] >ldsx¿;Fu ul/g] bf]xf]/f] s/f/sf] cGTo gePsf] tyf /fxbfgL Pj+ dxTTjk"0f{ sfuhft pgLx¿n] cfkm}+;Fu /fVg kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg x'g g;s]sf],

— tf]lsPeGbf a9L z'Ns lng /f]Sg] / /sd e'QmfgLsf] clgjfo{ /l;b lbnfpg] sfo{ sfof{Gjg x'g g;s]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/af6 kLl8t JolQm / pgLx¿sf] kl/jf/sf] /fHosf ;]jf tyf Gofodf kx'Fr ;xh x'g g;s]sf],

— cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿n] ef]Ug'k/]sf] ;d:ofsf] cg'kftdf ph'/L ug]{ ;xh jftfj/0f g/x]sf],

— k|:yfgk"j{sf] cled'vLs/0f k|lzIf0f k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg]x¿sf nflu l;kd"ns tflnd k|bfg ug]{ ;Gbe{df /fHosf tflnd lbg] ;+:yfx¿aLr ;dGjosf] cefj eO{ PsLs[t sfo{of]hgf th'{df u/L nfu" ug{ g;s]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yfkg / lgodg ug]{ sfof{nox¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu yk k|efjsf/L sbd rfNg'kg]{ cj:yf /x]sf],

— ;a} uGtJo d'n'sx¿;Fu låkIfLo >d;Demf}tf x'g g;s]sf],

— g]kfnL cfk|af;L sfdbf/ /x]sf b]zsf ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL lgof]ux¿df cfly{s, ef}lts / dfgj ;+zfwgsf] cefj eO{ e"ldsf k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf],

— cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf] ljifodf u7g ePsf pRr:t/Lo ljleGg ;ldlt, sfo{bnx¿sf] ;'emfj, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] km};nf / /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjogdf uDeL/tf gb]lvPsf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/af6 lelqPsf] ljk|]if0fnufotsf b]zn]] k|fKt ug]{ cfly{s ;|f]tsf] t'ngfdf >ldsx¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf] nflu ;/sf/L uDeL/tfsf] cefj /x]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/;DaGwL 7uL :yfgLo :t/df klg eO/x]sf] kfOP klg To;pk/ pkrf/;lxtsf] ph'/L ;'Gg] :yfgLo ;+oGqx¿sf] cefj /x]sf],


— j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] g]kfnLx¿n] hUuf /flhgfdf kf; u/fO C0f pknJw u/fpg] / ljb]zaf6 kmls{;s]kZrft\ C0f r'Stf ug{ hfFbf hUufsf] d"No a9\g hfFbf hUuf;d]t lkmtf{ gul/lbg] cj:yf kfOPsf],

— ;/sf/n] nfu" u/]sf] k|mL l6s6 k|mL le;fsf] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog x'g g;s]sf],

— g]kfn ;/sf/n] 3/]n' dlxnf sfdbf/x¿nfO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg k|ltaGw nufpFbf ef/t x'b} uGtJo d'n'sx¿df hfg] u/]sf] / oxL sf/0f pgLx¿ >d zf]if0f tyf of}g zf]if0fdf ;d]t kg]{ u/]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/x¿sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0fdf b]zcg';f/ km/skm/s z'Ns /xL lghL If]qsf] Psflwsf/ /x]sf],

— uGtJo d'n'saf6 d[To' eO{ NofOPsf zjx¿dWo] lrlsT;ssf] k|ltj]bgdf clwsf+z d[To' k|fs[lts ¿kdf ePsf] egL pNn]v ul/Psf],

— uGtJo d'n'sx¿df b]lvg] :jf:Yo ;d:ofx¿sf] ;DaGwdf /f]huf/df hfFbfsf ;dodf :jb]zdf :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug]{ gul/Psf],

— ljefudf /x]sf] ph'/Lx¿dfly vf;} ;Daf]wg x'g g;s]sf] / ph'/L km5f}{6sf] ;ª\Vof Go"g /x]sf],

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] gfddf dfgj a]rlavg / dfgj t:s/Lh:tf sfo{x¿ eO/x]sf] .

dflysf] lrq0faf6 s] k|:6 x'G5M eg] j}blzs /f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/ bogLo cj:yfdf 5 . o;sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ !^ j6f zLif{sdf l;kmfl/; u/]sf] 5Ù h;df cnkq, pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf] p4f/ tyf :jb]z lkmtL{, sfg'g ;+zf]wg, >lds egf{ ug]{ Ph]G;L / Ph]G6sf lqmofsnfk cg'udg / lgodg 5g\ . To;}u/L dlxnf cfk|jf;Lpk/sf] lje]b cGTo / ljz]if ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf, ;'emfj / km};nf sfof{Gjog, cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw cg'df]bgnufotsf ljifo /x]sf 5g\ . l;kmfl/;sf] k"0f{ ljj/0f cg';"rL cf7df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

—e"sDkaf6 k|efljtx¿sf] clwsf/

lj=;+= @)&@ j}zfv !@ df uPsf] e"sDksf] c;/ clxn];Dd klg b]lvPsf] 5 . ;f] e"sDkdf u/L *&*) hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] @@#)) hgf 3fOt] ePsf lyP . e"sDkdf $(*%*@ j6f JolQmut 3/ k"0f{tM Wj:t / @%^^(& 3/ cf+lzs ¿kdf Ifltu|:t ePsf x'g k'u]sf lyP . sl/a ())) ljBfnosf !())) sIffsf]7f k"0f{¿kdf


/ !!))) eGbf a9L sf]7f cf+lzs ¿kdf Iflt ePsf 5g\ . e"sDkaf6 !!)) :jf:Yorf}sL Pj+ c:ktfnx¿, @^%^ j6f ;/sf/L sfof{nosf ejgx¿df k"0f{ Iflt k'u]sf] lyof] . e"sDkaf6 ;ft va{ 5 ca{ ?lkofF a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] cj:yf b]lvG5 . e"sDkaf6 !$ lhNnf cToflws, !! lhNnf k|efljt / ^ lhNnf ;fdfGo k|efljt aGg k'u]sf lyP .

e"sDkkZrft\ p4f/ tyf /fxtsf] sfo{ ult lnP klg To;kl5 x'g'kg]{ k'gM:yfkgf sfo{n] ck]lIft ult lng g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . e"sDkaf6 l;lh{t ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu k|flws/0f u7gdf ePsf] l9nfOn] sfdsf/afxLdf c;/ kg{ hfg' :jfefljs lyof] . k|flws/0fsf] u7gkZrft\ OlGhlgo/ kl/rfng u/L ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] Iflt ;j]{If0f, tYofÍ ;Íng, nfeu|fxL;Fu ;Demf}tf, ls:tf ljt/0f cflb sfo{ ePsf 5g\ .

;/sf/ kl/jt{g;Fu} k|flws/0fsf] g]t[Tjdf kl/jt{g x'g', sfdn] ck]lIft ult lng g;Sg', k|lqmofut hl6ntf, sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yf, hgzlQm cefj, a9\bf] dxFuLnufotsf sf/0f klg sfdsf/afxLx¿ ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf cufl8 hfg g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

Nffeu|fxL ;"rLdf k/]sf s'n ;ª\Vof M *!)^()

k|anLs/0f ;"rLdf k/]sf Nffeu|fxL ;ª\VofM ^!*(!

cg'bfg ;Demf}tf ;DkGgM &@@!)!

klxnf] ls:tf ljt/0fM &!$!&$

bf];|f] ls:tf e'QmfgLsf nflu lgj]bg lbg] ;ª\VofM %@$#*(

bf];|f] ls:tf e'QmfgLsf nflu k|df0fLs/0f ul/Psf nfeu|fxL ;ª\VofM %!$!%)

t];|f] ls:tf e'QmfgLsf nflu lgj]bg lbg] nfeu|fxL ;ª\VofM #@%&)@

aGb} u/]sf 3/x¿M %%&$!)

lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 3/M #)%**#

btf{ ePsf s'n u'gf;fM @#&)*%

km5f}{6 ePsf u'gf;fx¿M @)%%*$ ;|f]tM /fli6«o k'glg{df{0f k|flws/0f

http://www.nra.gov.np/np

dfly plNnlvt ;/sf/L tYofÍnfO{ x]bf{ klg k|:6 kfb{5M sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g . k'gM:yfkgfsf] kvf{Odf a;]sf w]/} kLl8tx¿sf] cj:yf bogLo b]lvG5 . nfeu|fxLsf] ;"rLdf kg]{ ;ª\Vof *!)^() / lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf 3/x¿sf] ;ª\Vof #)%**# b]lvG5 . o;aLrsf] cGt/af6 klg sfdsf] ult cToGt ;':t b]lvG5 .


cfof]un] e"sDk clt k|efljt lhNnfx¿sf c:ktfn, ljBfno, Ifltu|:t 3/ tyf ;+/rgfx¿sf] cg'udg u/L k|fKt tYosf] cfwf/df ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] lyof] . o;sf] ;fy} ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ ljifodf cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ #$, /fhgLlts bn, u};; / gful/s ;dfhnfO{ tLg÷tLg / ;a}sf nflu egL Pp6f l;kmfl/; u/] klg sfof{Gjog cj:yf ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g .

cfof]un] ul/sf l;kmfl/;df e"sDk k|efljtx¿sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[ltsnufot ;du| dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf nflu k'glg{df{0fsf qmddf dfgj clwsf/d'vL cjwf/0ff cjnDag ug'{kg]{ ljifodf hf]8 lbPsf] lyof] . k'glg{df{0f sfo{of]hgf th'{dfb]lv sfof{Gjogsf ;a} r/0fdf e"sDk k|efljtx¿sf] ;dfj]lztf / ;xeflutfsf cfwf/df of]hgfa4 ¿kdf sfo{ ;~rfng k|efjsf/L ¿kdf ug'{kg]{ pNn]v u/]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] ejg k'glg{df{0f ubf{ :jf:Yo, lzIffh:tf cfwf/e"t / cTofjZos ljifo;DaGwL ejgx¿nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] tyf gofF aGg] ejgx¿ ckfËtfd}qL x'g] u/L lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . e"sDkaf6 gi6 ePsf P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] k'glg{df{0f ubf{ ;f]sf] df}lnstf;d]tnfO{ b[li6ut ug{ eg]sf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} e"sDksf] sf/0f hldg rls{P/ klx/f]sf] hf]lvd a9]/ a:tL ;fg{ egL k|fljlws 6f]nLx¿af6 l;kmfl/; ePsf a:tLx¿ vfnL u/L k'gM:yfkgf sfo{df hf]8 lbg cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . oL l;kmfl/;x¿ clxn] klg k"0f{tM sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

e"sDk kLl8tx¿sf] 7"nf] lx:;f clxn] klg kL8fd'Qm x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . sfdsf/afxL h'g ultdf cufl8 al9/x]sf 5g\, ult cToGt ;':t 5 . d'n's ;‹Lo ;+/rgfdf uO;s]sf] cj:yfdf k|flws/0fn] k|b]z / :yfgLo tx;Fu cfjZos ;dGjo / ;xsfo{sf ;fy cufl8 a9\g'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

—ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/

ljsf; / :jR5 jftfj/0f;DaGwL clwsf/x¿ dfgj hLjg;Fu k|ToIf ;DalGwt 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq !($*, cfly{s ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw !(^^, dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} lsl;dsf e]befj pGd"ng;DaGwL dxf;lGwsf] !(&(, afn clwsf/ dxf;lGw !(*(, cfOPncf] !^( df klg ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] ljifonfO{ dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifosf] ?kdf x]l/Psf] 5 . ljsf;sf] clwsf/;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹Lo 3f]if0ffkq ;g\ !(*^ n] ljsf;nfO{ dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifosf ?kdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . s]Gofsf] g}/f]jLdf !(&# df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹ jftfj/0f sfo{qmd / ;g\ !(() df k[YjL ;Dd]ng, ;g\ !(() sf] leogf ;Dd]ng, / ;g\ !((@


df a|flhnsf] l/of] b h]g]l/of]df k[YjL ;Dd]ngn] jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/df hf]8 lbPsf] kfOG5 .

jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g, @)%# tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0f lgodfjnL, @)%$ df jftfj/0f ;+/If0fdf k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] df}h'bf ;+ljwfg, @)&@ sf] wf/f #) df :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5Ù h;df -!_ k|To]s gful/snfO{ :jR5 / :j:y jftfj/0fdf afFRg kfpg] xs x'g]5 . -@_ jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f jf x|f;af6 x'g] Ifltafkt kLl8tnfO{ k|b"ifsaf6 sfg'gadf]lhd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] xs x'g]5 . -#_ /fi6«sf] ljsf;;DaGwL sfo{df jftfj/0f / ljsf;aLr ;d'lrt ;Gt'ngsf nflu cfjZos sfg'gL Joj:yf ug{ o; wf/fn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g egL pNn]v 5 . rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfn] gful/ssf] :jR5 jftfj/0fdf aFfRg kfpg] clwsf/nfO{ sfo{of]hgfdf ;d]6]sf] 5 . ljsf; / jftfj/0f;DaGwL k|fjwfgx¿nfO{ x]bf{ :ki6 x'G5M oL b'O{ clwsf/ cfk;df cGt;{DalGwt 5g\ . jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ljgfsf] ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] gfddf ljsf; k"0f{ cj?4tfaLr tfnd]n ;Dej x'g ;Sb}g .

jt{dfg cj:yfdf ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf ljleGg cleofgx¿ ;~rfng eO/x]sf 5g\ . cfof]un] klg oL If]qdf k|fyldstfsf ;fy sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 ul/Psf] cg'udg tyf cg';Gwfg -s}nfnL, s~rgk'/, afFs], alb{of, bfª, ?kGb]xL, sf7df8f}F, nlntk'/ -vf]sgf_, eQmk'/, g'jfsf]6_, 5nkmn, cGtlqm{of, ljZj jftfj/0f lbj;nufotsf sfo{qmdaf6 k|fKt lgisif{sf cfwf/df ljz]ift ;x/L If]qdf ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] cj:yf bogLo b]lvPsf] 5 .

cg'udgaf6 k|fKt tYonfO{ x]bf{ ljZj ;Dkbfsf] If]qleq ;dfj]z ko{6sLo, wfld{s tyf k'/ftflTjs dxTTj /x]sf] n'lDagL If]q jftfj/0f k|b"if0fsf] df/df k/]sf] 5 . jftfj/0f;DaGwL sfg'gL dfkb08 kfngf x'g g;s]sf], l;d]G6nufotsf pBf]uwGbfaf6 lg:sg] cTolws w'Fjfw'nf]sf] sf/0f ;f] If]qdf jfo'k|b"if0f j[l4 x'g k'u]sf] b]lvG5 . kmntM :yfgLojf;L tyf ko{6sx¿df Zjf;k|Zjf;, 5fnfhGonufotsf ;d:of b]lvPsf 5g\ . k'/ftflTjs dxTTjsf ejg, d"lt{ tyf u'Dafx¿ lvOP/ lau|g ;Sg] tyf t'jfFnf] tyf afSnf] x':;' a9\g uO{ x]/fOdf ;d:of kg{ uPsf] l:ylt 5 . o; cnjf s[lif, vfBfGg / kz'k+IfLsf] cfxf/df ;d]t gs/fTds k|efj k/]sf] l:ylt 5 .

sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] jfo'k|b"if0fsf] k|d'v sf/0f cJojl:yt ;x/Ls/0f, kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkgdf ;d:of, ;8s lj:tf/ tyf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{af6 ljleGg ;d:ofx¿ k}bf ePsf 5g\ . ;8s la:tf/sf nflu eTsfOPsf 3/ / d"n ;8sx¿df d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfsf] kfOk la5Øfpg] qmddf lgl:sPsf] w'nf]af6 hghLjg cToGt k|efljt aGg k'u]sf] 5 . avf{ ofdsf] lxnf]n] ;8s jf wfgv]t 5'6Øfpg g;lsg] l:ylt 5 . eTsfpg] sfddf tLj|tf t/ agfpgdf tbf?stf gb]lvPaf6 ljsf; lgdf{0f / jftfj/0fsf] cj:yf bogLo b]lvG5 . ;j{;fwf/0fdf ?3fvf]sL, 5fnfsf] PnhL{, cfFvf lrnfpg] / dfgl;s ?kdf lr8lr8fx6h:tf dgf]j}1flgs ;d:ofx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .


pkTosfdf 6«flkms Joj:yfkgdf vl6Psf sl/a tLg ;o krf; k|x/Lx¿df jfo'k|b"if0fsf sf/0f kmf]S;f]df ;d:of b]lvPsf] l:ylt 5 . pkTosfleq /x]sf sl/a tLg ;o krf; OF6f pBf]ux¿ /x]sf] / To;af6 x'g] k|b"if0fsf] lx:;f emG8} #) k|ltzt 5 . cf};t cGo If]qdf eGbf eQmk'/df OF6fe§f pBf]ux¿ a9L b]lvG5g\ . lxpFbdf dfq pBf]u ;~rfng x'g] u/]sf] / To;df sfo{/t sfdbf/, pgLx¿sf kl/jf/ pBf]uleq a:g afWo 5g\ . o;af6 sfdbf/, kl/jf/ / afnaflnsfx¿sf] :jf:Yodf ;d]t gs/fTds c;/ k/]sf] l:ylt 5 .

nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfsf] vf]sgf, a'ªdlt, sfo{ljgfos / 8's'5fkdf sf7df8f}F–t/fO{ b|'tdfu{nufotsf kl/of]hgfsf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{ cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{ of]hgf lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjog ubf{ :yfgLojf;L tyf cflbjf;L hghfltx¿sf] wfld{s :jtGqtfnfO{ ;Ddfg, ;+/If0fdf k|of{Kt Wofg k'¥ofpg g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf nflu hUuf clwu|x0f ubf{ JolQmsf] ;DklQsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0ftkm{ ;r]t x'g g;s]sf] b]lvG5 . s}nfnL÷s~rgk'/ / dWoklZrd If]qsf afFs], alb{of, bfª / Ko'7fg lhNnfx¿;d]t jftfj/0fLo cj:yf gfh's b]lvG5 . kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg x'g g;Sg', vlgh kbfy{ pTvgg, gbLnufot k|fs[lts ;+/rgfx¿sf] cTolws bf]xg Pj+ jfo'k|b"if0f j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 . o;k5fl8 ljgfof]hgf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{, pBf]ux¿af6 lgisfl;t k|b"if0f k|d'v sf/0f b]lvG5g\ .

ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x¿ sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;a}lt/ eTsfpg] sfo{df cft'/tf b]lvG5 . t/, lgdf{0f ;DkGg u/fpgdf vf;} rf;f] b]lvPsf] 5}g . k|fyldstf s] xf] eGg]df ;DalGwt lgsfox¿ g} k|:6 5}gg\ . ljsf; lgdf{0f sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfox¿aLr cfk;L ;dGjogsf] cefj 5 . lhDd]jf/L lng] eGbf klg kG5fpg] k|j[lQ km:6fPsf] 5 . cbfntaf6 ;dod} pko'Qm cfb]z jf km};nf x'g g;Sbf klg ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{n] ult lng g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

o;af6 s] k|:6 x'G5 eg] dflg;;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw /x]sf] jftfj/0f / ljsf;sf] clwsf/af6 jt{dfg k':tf jl~rt cj:yfdf 5 . ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ a]jf:tf u/L ul/g] ljsf; ;xL cy{df ljsf; x'g ;Sb}g . cfof]un] oL ljljw kIfnfO{ dWogh/ u/L ;/sf/ / ;DalGwt lgsfosf] Wofg s]lGb|t u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/nfO{ dWogh/ /fvL cg'udg, cg';Gwfg, ;+j4{gfTds sfo{af6 k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df cfof]un] ;DalGwt ;/sf/ jf ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ ug]{ l;kmfl/; clGtd r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . l;kmfl/;df :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] xs, ljsf; lgdf{0f, ;jf/L ;fwg Joj:yfkg, dfkb08 / sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjog /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f / k|efjd"NofÍg, kmf]xf]/d}nf ;Ísng / Joj:yfkg, OF§fe§f pBf]u, jfo'k|b"if0f dfkgoGqsf] la:tf/, ;/;kmfO, xl/ofnLnufotsf ljifo ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

cfof]uaf6 l;kmfl/;nu

ph'/L;Fu ;

cfof]un] df/xL dfgj dfWodaf6 ;‹;+:yf, Jcfof]uaf6 ksfg'gL sf/ao; jif{ cfePsf 5g\

cfof]udf k;fdflhs /Gofo–k|zf;5g\ . To;}uoftgflj?4s

;fpg

२७

/fli6«o d

dfgj clwufotsf sfo{x

;DalGwt s

fgj clwsf/ clwsf/ pNnph'/L u|x0f JolQm jf ;~k|fKt ph'/LdfafxLsf nflu fof]usf s]Gb|Lo.

k/]sf ph'/Ls/ ;f+:s[lts ;g, hLjgsf] u/L :jf:Yo, sf] clwsf/,

g Efbf} c;f]h s

८ ५

dfgj clwsf/

k

;+/If0f

wsf/ ;+/If0fx¿ x'Fb} cfPs

sfo{x¿

;+/If0f / ;+n‹g jf b'?Tub}{ cfPsf]

~rf/–dfWoddfly cg'udg,;/sf/ jf ;

o, If]qLo / p

sf ljifox¿clwsf/, oftclwsf/, z

lzIff / /f]hdlxnf clw

sflt{s dª\l;/ Kf'

५ ३

df

cfof]u jflif{s

kl/R5]b—tLg

f;DaGwL

fsf nflu sf 5g\ .

j{4gsf nfluT;fxg;DaGwL5 . o;k|sf

df ;Dk|]lift , cg';Gwfg P;/f]sf/jfnf pkIf]qLo sfo

¿df /fhgLlttgf;Fu ;DalzflGtk"j{s ;ehuf/L, cfjf;,wsf/, afn c

Kf'; Dff3 Kfmfu'g

२४ १० १२

fl;s ph'/L

k|ltj]bg @)&$

g

sfo{x¿

ph'/L u|x0f

u ;+ljwfg, P]gL 36gfdf :jf/sf ph'/L k;dfrf/sf Pj+ 5fglag lgsfo;dIf of{nox¿df h

ts tyf gfulGwt 5g\ . k|ef;Dd]ng u, jftfj/0fsf]clwsf/, ckf

g Rf}t j}zfv

२ ९ १५

$÷&%

f, cg'udg,

g Pj+ lgods:jljj]sLo ¿kkLl8t, kLl8tcfwf/df lnOu/L Ifltk"lt{ l;kmfl/; x'Fb}hDdf !%@ p

ul/s clwsk|fKt ph'/Lsf]ug{ kfpg] cf] xs;Fu hf]lfËtf ePsf

h]7 c;f/ h

१६ १८

57

cg';Gwfg,

sf] kl/lwleq kdf / cGo tsf] kl/jf/, OG5 . o;/L / cfjZos

b cfPsf] 5 . ph'/Lx¿ btf{

sf/, cfly{s, f] k|s[lt x]bf{

clwsf/ cflb l8Psf 5g\ . JolQmx¿sf]

hDdf

१५२


clwsf/, hftLo lje]blj?4sf] clwsf/, Ho]i7 gful/ssf clwsf/nufotsf ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt ph'/Lx¿ btf{ x'g cfPsf 5g\ .

If]qut cfwf/df k/]sf ph'/Lx¿

o; cfly{s jif{df hDdf !%@ ph'/Lx¿ btf{ ePsf]df ;a}eGbf a9L pIf]sf ;fg]kf nlntk'/df $), s]sf nlntk'/df #@ ph'/L k/]sf 5g\ .

;a}eGbf sd If]sf g]kfnuGhdf Ps / pIf]sf vf]6fª / h'Dnfdf rf/–rf/j6f /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L If]sf lj/f6gu/df @^, pIf]sf a'6jndf @@, hgsk'/df gf}j6f ph'/L btf{ ePsf 5g\ . If]sf wgu9L / kf]v/fdf ;ft–;ftj6f ph'/L /x]sf 5g\ .

=gf} dxf;lGwdf cfwfl/t ph'/Lx¿

gf} dxf;lGwdf cfwfl/t ph'/Lsf] k|s[lt x]bf{ o; cfjdf cfof]udf gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/ *) / cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] pNn‹g ePsf] egL !# j6f 5g\ . oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/ !$, afn clwsf/ *, dlxnf clwsf/ !%, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sfsf] clwsf/ xgg !!, e]befjlj?4 $, JolQm a]kQflj?4sf] clwsf/df @ ph'/L 5g\ . cGo -Ho]i7 gful/s clwsf/ xgg #, dfgj a]rlavg / z/0ffyL{sf] clwsf/ !–!_ clwsf/ xgg ePsf] egL u/L hDdf !%@ ph'/L bfo/ x'g cfPsf 5g\ .

ljifout cfwf/df k/]sf ph'/Lx¿

o; jif{ Gofo k|zf;gdf ;a}eGbf a9L #* / hLjgsf] clwsf/ xgg ePsf] egL !( ph'/L k/]sf 5g\ . oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/df !$, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/ xgg !!,

३२ २६ ९ १ ७ ७

४० ४

२२ ४

१५२

nlntk'/ lj/f6gu/ hgsk'/ g]kfnu~h wgu9L kf]v/f ;fg]kf vf]6fª a'6jn h'Dnf hDdf

sfof{nout ph'/L


wDsL / b'Jo{jxf/df &–& /x]sf 5g\ . afn clwsf/ xgg cf7, :jtGqtf÷;ef–;Dd]ngsf] clwsf/, lje]blj?4 clwsf/ rf/–rf/ 5g\ . Ho]i7 gful/ssf clwsf/ tLg, l:ylt c1ftdf b'O{ ph'/L 5g\ . dlxnf lx+;f gf}, sfo{:yndf dlxnfk|lt b'Jo{jxf/, af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf s'6lk6df b'O{–b'O{ ph'/L k/]sf 5g\ . dfgj a]rlavg Ps / z/0ffyL{, s}bLaGbL, lj:yflkt, cfjf;, lzIff, pkef]Qmf, :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] xs xgg ;DaGwdf Ps–Psj6f ph'/L bfo/ ePsf 5g\ .

cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ xgg ePsf] elgPsf 36gfx¿sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos k/fdz{ klg k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/leq gkg]{ ph'/Lpk/ cfjZos sf/afxLsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg'sf ;fy} pgLx¿nfO{ oyf]lrt k/fdz{ lbPsf] cj:yf 5 . o; cfjdf cfof]un] !#* k6s k/fdz{ ;]jf pknAw u/fPsf] b]lvG5 . ph'/L;DaGwL k"0f{ ljj/0f cg';"rL tLgdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

dfgj clwsf/ cg'udg

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu cfof]un] cfkm}Fåf/f Psn ¿kdf / cfof]u;lxt ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df cg'udg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf] cg'udg dxfzfvfn] dfgj clwsf/;Fu k|ToIf Pj+ k/f]If 36gfdf cg'udg ug]{ ub{5 . o;sf] ;fy} ljifout dxfzfvf, zfvf / PsfOaf6 klg Psn / ;xsfo{df cg'udg x'g] ub{5 . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw;Demf}tf tyf /fli6«o sfg'gn] Joj:yf u/]sf xs–clwsf/, /fHosf gLltlgb]{zg, dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf cflb ljifodf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL cg'udg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfjZostf, kl/:ylt, ljifoj:t'sf] ufDeL/tf cflbsf cfwf/df lgoldt / cfsl:ds ¿kdf cg'udg x'g] ub{5 .

o; cfjdf ePsf cg'udgsf ljifox¿df gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/Ù cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/Ù dlxnf / afnaflnsf oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/ cflb /x]sf 5g\ . gful/s tyf /fhgLlts ljifodf ;du| dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf, dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 lgjf{rg, s}bLaGbLx¿sf] clwsf/, sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;tsf] cj:yf, u}/sfg'gL y'gfnufot 5g\ . To;}u/L cfly{s, ;dflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/df c:ktfn Pj+ :jf:Yo cj:yf, pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/, k|fs[lts k|sf]k -af9L–klx/f]÷e"sDk_ af6 lj:yflktx¿sf] clwsf/ cflb 5g\ . o;sf] ;fy} h]i7 gful/s, dlxnf, afnaflnsf, cflbjf;L hghflt, cNk;ª\Vos÷;LdfGts[t ;d'bfox¿, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmsf] clwsf/, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ dfgj a]rlavgsf] cj:yfnufotsf ljifodf klg cg'udg ePsf] 5 . o;cnjf cfof]un] ljz]if k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;Ldf If]qdf /x]sf afl;Gbfx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfsf ;DaGwdf klg cg'udg u/]sf] 5 . cg'udg;DaGwL k|ltj]bg k|sfzgsf] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 .


ljifosf] ufDeLo{ / cfjZostfsf cfwf/df dfggLo Pj+ lj1x¿ klg cg'udg 6f]nLdf /xg'ePsf] cj:yf 5 .

o; cfly{s jif{df cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg ljifonfO{ lnP/ hDdf -$)( / %%_ $^# k6s cg'udg u/]sf] 5 . h;df ;a}eGbf a9L g]kfnuGh &*, lj/f6gu/ ^( / a'6jn %# /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 $@, kf]v/f #&, wgu9L #$ / hgsk'/ #! /x]sf 5g\ . pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿af6 qmdzM ;fg]kfn] @^, h'Dnfn] @# / vf]6fªn] !% k6s cg'udg u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;afx]s ;lGw cg'udg dxfzfvfaf6 $) k6s cg'udg ePsf] cj:yf 5 . To;}u/L ljifout dxfzfvf, zfvfaf6 klg ljifo s]lGb|t eO{ %% cg'udg ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

o; cfjdf cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fx¿df ;/sf/L / dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfx¿;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df !! j6f cg'udg u/]sf] 5 . o;/L ;xsfo{ ul/Psf ;/sf/L lgsfox¿df lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, lhNnf afn sNof0f ;ldlt cflb /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L u};;df dlxnf k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb| -cf]/]s_, ls8f{s g]kfn / ;]e b lrN8«]gnufotsf ;+:yf 5g\ . cg'udg;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL rf/df ;dfj]z 5 .

dfgj clwsf/ cg';Gwfg

dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g / b'?T;fxgsf 36gf;DaGwdf cfof]un] ;+ljwfg, P]g, lgodsf] kl/lwleq /xL cg';Gwfg sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . o;

४२ २६ ६९ ३& ७* ४३ ३१ २३ ५३ १५ ५५

४^#

० ५० १०० १५० २०० २५० ३०० ३५० ४०० ४५० ५००


cjlwdf klg ljut jif{x¿ / o; cfjdf k|fKt ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . o; cfjdf cfof]uaf6 gofF / k'/fgf u/L hDdf #%) ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ePsf] b]lvG5 .

cfof]usf] s]sfcGtu{t cg';Gwfg dxfzfvf / cfof]usf sfof{nox¿af6 cg';Gwfg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . o; cfjdf ;a}eGbf a9L If]sf hgsk'/ *!, s]G›Lo sfof{no %^ / pkIf]qLo sfof{no ;fg]kf / a'6jn #*–#* tyf h'Dnf @* /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L If]sf lj/f6gu/ / kf]v/f @^–@^, wgu9L @# / vf]6fª\af6 @! / If]sf g]kfnuGhdf !# ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ePsf] 5 . o;/L cg';Gwfg ul/Psf sltko ph'/Lx¿ ;z:q åGå;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\Ù h;df gful/s tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/cGtu{t hLjgsf] clwsf/, oftgf / a]kQf /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/df lj:yflkt, k'gM:yfkgf, ;DklQ n'6kf6, Ifltk"lt{, dlxnf / afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/ cflb 5g\ .

o; cfjdf cfof]usf sfof{nox¿af6 ljut jif{ / o; cfjdf k'/fgf / gofF ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg ePsf] egL @!( kmfon lg0f{osf nflu s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fPsf] b]lvG5 . lj:t[t ljj/0f cg';"rL kfFrdf /flvPsf] 5 .

ph'/L lg¿k0f / l;kmfl/;

o; cfjdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg ;DkGg ePsf hDdf ##% j6f ph'/Lsf] lg¿k0f ePsf] 5, h;df ph'/Lut (@ / gLltut !# u/L hDdf !)% l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L tfd]nL !^$, vf/]hL #@ / 6'ª\Uofpg] Ps /x]sf 5g\ . hDdf ## ph'/L cª\u k'¥ofO{ k'gM k]; ug'{kg]{ egL pNn]v 5 . o;;DaGwL k"0f{ ljj/0f cg';"rL ;ftdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

५६ ३८ २६ २६ १# २३ ८१

२८ ३८ २१

३%)

० ५० १०० १५० २०० २५० ३०० ३५० ४००


kl/R5]b—rf/

;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{xx¿

dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL lzIff / ;r]tgfdf j[l4 Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sf] jsfnt, kIfkf]if0f tyf ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f;DaGwL sfo{ lj:tf/df ;+j4{gfTds sfo{sf] e"ldsf ljz]if x'G5 . ;+j}wflgs Pj+ sfg'gL bfloTjcGtu{t cfof]un] o;k|sf/sf ultljwx¿ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]uaf6 ;+j4{g;DaGwL ultljlwx¿nfO{ yk Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u dfgj clwsf/ ;xsfo{ tyf ;dGjo;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)^( hf/L eO;s]sf] 5 . cfof]usf] /0fgLlts of]hgfdf cfwfl/t o; k|s[ltsf sfo{x¿af6 dfgj clwsf/sf] clej[l4 Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;df :jfejtM 6]jf k'u]sf] 5 .

cfof]un] …;a}sf nflu 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/, zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/Ú eGg] ;Gb]z cufl8 ;f/sf] 5 . o;nfO{ ;fy{s agfpg dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+j4{gsf If]qdf cfof]usf] s]sfcGtu{t k|j4{g dxfzfvf, ljifout dxfzfvf, zfvf, PsfO / cfof]usf sfof{nox¿af6 Psn / ;xsfo{df ljljw ultljlwx¿ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;/L ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿df cGtlqm{of, 5nkmn, ;ef, uf]i7L, sfo{zfnf, tflndnufot 5g\ .

o; cfjdf cfof]uaf6 hDdf #@$ -@*(±#%_ cf]6f ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . k|fKt tYofÍsf] cfwf/df x]bf{ If]sf wgu9L / kf]v/f $#–$#, s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / a'6jnaf6 #$–#$ sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] l:ylt 5 . To;}u/L lj/f6gu/ / vf]6fª #!–#!, g]kfnuGh #), h'Dnf @), hgsk'/ !# ;fg]kf !) lqmofsnfk ;dfkg ePsf] cj:yf 5 . o;}u/L ljifout dxfzfvf, zfvfx¿af6 klg #% j6f ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{x¿ ePsf] b]lvG5 .

३$ १० ३१ ४३ ३) ४३ १३ २० #४ ३! ३५

३@$

० १०० २०० ३०० ४००


;Dkflbt sfo{qmdx¿dWo] #& j6f sfo{qmd ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . cfof]u, dfgj clwsf/ Pj+ k];fut ;‹;+:yfåf/f cfof]lht dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿df -;|f]t JolQm÷ljz]if1 ;]jf ^^ / k|d'v cltly÷cltly / ;xefuL @)# j6f sfo{qmd_ ;xefuL ePsf] 5 .

o; cfjdf cfof]udf cfGtl/s ¿kdf tflnd, uf]i7L 5nkmn, ;dLIff cflb %( sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;} u/L pkIf]sf vf]6fª / h'Dnfaf6 cfof]usf] ;ª\lIfKt kl/ro;lxtsf] a|f];/ k|sfzg ePsf] lyof] . cfof]usf s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo / pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿af6 PkmPd /]l8of]dfkm{t g]kfnL / :yfgLo efiffdf ;r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd Pj+ lhËnx¿ k|;f/0f x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . cfof]un] cfˆg} j]j;fO6, l6\j6/, km];a'sdfkm{t klg ;"rgfx¿ k|jfx ub}{} cfPsf] 5 .

o;/L ;Dkflbt sltko sfo{qmdx¿df dfggLosf txaf6 klg ;xeflutf /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{x¿ ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf klg ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ;xsfo{ ul/Psf ;+:yfx¿df ;/sf/L lgofo, :yfgLo lgsfo, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf Pj+ Jofj;flos ;‹;+:yf /x]sf 5g\ . Goflos sfdsf/afxL;DaGwL sf7df8f}F nlntk'/, eQmk'/, tgx'F, l;Gw'nL, u'NdL, bf]nvf, /fd]5fknufotsf lhNnfl:yt ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf, dxfgu/kflnsf;Fusf] ;xsfo{df cGtlqm{of / 5nkmn ePsf 5g\ . cfof]usf] s]sfaf6 k"j{ GofofwLz ;dfh, u};; dxf;‹, /fli6«o ckfË dxf;‹, pkef]Qmf d~r g]kfn / pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f g]kfn;Fu ;xsfo{ ePsf] 5 . Plhª g]kfn, l;hk g]kfn, nfx'/lgk, g]kfn dfgj clwsf/ ;Ë7g, dlxnf sfg'g ljsf; d~r, blnt dlxnf ;‹;Fu klg ;xsfo{df sfd ePsf] cj:yf 5 . o:t} ;xsfo{ ul/Psf cGt/f{li6«o u};;df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹ vfB tyf s[lif ;Ë7g, n'y{g / ;]e b lrN8«]g cflb /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L If]qLo txdf /]8qm;, dlxnf afnaflnsf sfof{no / Dflxnf lbj; d"n ;df/f]x ;ldlt;Fu klg ljifout d'2fdf ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf sfo{ ePsf] cj:yf 5 . ;xsfo{ ul/Psf u};;df dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs kl/ifb\, afnaflnsf zflGt If]q /fli6«o cleofg, blnt ;fdflhs ljsf; ;+:yf 5g\ . To:t} t/fO{ dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs / jsfnt d~r, lgnxL/f ;dfh, cf]/]s g]kfn, åGåkLl8t ;dfh, s}nfnL lhNnf vfB clwsf/ ;~hfn, lg8\; g]kfnnufotsf ;+:yf 5g\ . afn Snj ;~hfn, !^ lbg] dlxnf lx+;flj?4sf] cleofg, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹ / xf]6n Joj;foL ;‹;Fu klg ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ePsf] cj:yf 5 . ;+j4{g;DaGwL ultljlw;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL 5 df pNn]v 5 .


kl/R5]b—kf“r

dxfzfvf, zfvf / PsfOaf6 ;DkGg ePsf sfo{x¿

cfof]udf /x]sf dxfzfvf, zfvf / PsfOaf6 ;DkGg ePsf sfo{x¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

k|zf;g dxfzfvf

o; dxfzfvfnfO{ tf]lsPsf lhDd]jf/L lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

-s_ hgzlQm Joj:yfkg -sd{rf/L ;?jf, a9'jf, cjsfz, dgf]gog, kbk"lt{ / :jLs[lt;DaGwL sfo{x¿_

-v_ sfof{no Joj:yfkg / ;/;kmfO,

-u_ ;fj{hlgs vl/blaqmL,

-3_ dd{t;Def/ tyf /]vb]v -cfof]ucGtu{t ;Dk"0f{ lgsfox¿sf] ef}lts ;fwgx¿sf] cg'udg, lg/LIf0f_

-ª_ ;jf/L Joj:yfkg,

-r_ btf{, rnfgL, lr7Lkq

-5_ sfof{no Joj:yfkg / ;~rfngsf b}lgs e}k/L cfpg] cGo sfdx¿ .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿ != sd{rf/L;Fu

;DalGwt sfo{x¿ -lgo'lQm, ;?jf / a9'jf_

— gofF sd{rf/L lgo'Qm -;'/Iff clws[t_ Ps hgf, — a9'jf -lgb]{zs rf/, dfgj clwsf/ clws[t b'O{ / k|zf;g

clws[t Ps_ ;ft hgf, — ;?jf -lgb]{zs b'O{, clws[t P3f/ ;xfos k|yd tLg / n]vfkfn

Ps_ !& hgf . — /flhgfdf -pklgb]{zs b'O{, clws[t Ps, clen]v ;xfos b'O{ /

;'/Iff uf8{ Ps_ 5 hgf, — sd{rf/Lx¿sf] sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍg kmf/d ;Íng, — sd{rf/Lx¿sf] cfj @)&#÷&$ sf] ;DklQ ljj/0f ;Íng, — sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;?jf / /dfgf;DaGwL kqfrf/, — tflnddf dgf]gogsf] nflu kqfrf/, — :yfoL sd{rf/Lx¿sf] l;6/f]n ;Íng, — sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ljj/0f cWofjlws, — sd{rf/Lx¿sf] kmfOn Joj:yfkg,


— sd{rf/L dfu u/]sf] lj1fkgcg';f/sf kmd{x¿sf] ;Íng, btf{ Pj+ k|j]zkq ljt/0f,

— sd{rf/Lx¿sf] s/f/ gjLs/0f, — kl/rokq Joj:yf, xflh/, labf clen]v;DaGwL sfo{ / — ladf bfaL cflb .

@= Joj:yfksLo sfo{x¿

— pkIf]qLo sfof+{no ;fg]kfsf] 3/ef8f;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L 3/sf] ;Demf}tf ;DkGg / sfof{no Joj:yfkg,

— Pl;of Kofl;lkms kmf]/dsf] @@ cf}F jflif{s a}7sdf ;xeflutfsf] nflu cfjZos Joj:yf,

— pRr:t/Lo 6f]nLsf] ef/t e|d0fsf] nflu cfjZos k|aGw, — /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ ;+:yfx¿sf] ljZjJofkL ;Ë7g

GANHRI) sf] jflif{s a}7sdf ;xeflutfsf] nflu cfjZos Joj:yf,

— cfGtl/s / afxØ ¿kdf x'g] sfo{qmdf l6s6nufot cGo Joj:yfkg sfo{,

— blIf0f Pl;odf b08xLgtfsf] ;Daf]wg tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] cg'e"lt;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf] nflu Joj:yfksLo sfo{,

— pkIf]qLo sfof{no ;fg]kfnfO{ clVtof/L k|Tofof]hg;DaGwL kqfrf/ /

— lgjf{rgsf] cg'udg 6f]nL kl/rfng ;DaGwdf kl/kq . #= vl/blaqmL÷

dd{t;Def/÷;jf/L;wfg;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{x¿

— cfj @)&# sf] lhG;L lg/LIf0fsf] nflu ;ldlt u7g u/L sfo{ ;Dkfbg,

— cfj @)&$÷&% sf] vl/b sfo{sf nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L df}h'bf ;"rLsf kmd{x¿ ;Íng u/L clGtd ;"rL tof/,

— uf8L vl/b -b'O{ hLk / Pp6f :s'6/_ / dd{t -hgsk'/ / a'6jn_,

— ;"rgf k|ljlw / kmlg{r/;DaGwL ;fdfg vl/b, — ;e{/ Ifdtfdf clej[l4, jflif{s gjLs/0f, — :6];g/L vl/bsf nflu l;naGbL b/efpkq cfx\jfg u/L k|ls|of

cf/De, — sfof{no;DaGwL cfjZos ;fdfgx¿ vl/b, dd{t tyf lgoldt

cfk"lt{ Pj+ 5kfO, — ;jf/L ;fwgx¿df ODaf]8{; gDa/sf nflu cgnfOg kmd{ btf{

u/L cfof]usf] gfddf btf{ sfod ePsf uf8Lx¿df ODaf]8{; gDa/Kn]6 /fVg] sfo{ ;DkGg,

— k|b]z;ef / k|ltlglw;ef lgjf{rgsf nflu uf8L ef8fdf lng] sfo{ .


gLlt, cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf

gLlt, cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvfnfO{ lgDg lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf 5g\M

-s_ /0fgLlts of]hgf lgdf{0f,

-v_ jflif{s sfo{qmd / of]hgf th'{df,

-u_ sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg / d"NofÍg,

-3_ jflif{s, rf}dfl;s k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/,

-ª_ k|ult ;dLIff sfo{qmd cfof]hgf,

-r_ sfo{qmd / of]hgf ;DaGwdf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, cy{ dGqfno / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;Fu ;dGjo /

-5_ cfof]usf] gLltut Joj:yf, ;dGjo / ;xhLs/0f / cfof]usf] gLlt th'{df .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! sfo{qmd / ah]6 th'{df tyf afF8kmfF8

cfj @)&%÷&^ sf] ah]6 lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf cfof]u / cfof]usf ;DalGwt sfof{nox¿, cy{ dGqfno, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u;Fu ;dGjo,

cfj @)&%÷&^ sf] jflif{s sfo{qmd, of]hgf lgdf{0f / sfo{qmd ah]6sf] sfof{nout afF8kmfF8 / Line Ministry Budget Information System df k|ljli6 /

k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;efsf] lgjf{rg cg'udgfy{ yk ah]6sf nflu cy{ dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo / k|fKt yk ah]6sf] afF8kmfF8 .

@ jflif{s sfo{of]hgf cg'udg÷d"NofÍg

jflif{s sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog / k|ult ;DaGwdf If]qLo, pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿sf] cg'udg– o @)&$ efb| !& —@!—If]qLo sfof{no wgu9L, o @)&$ sflQs (—!@—If]qLo sfof{no g]kfnuGh, o @)&$ dª\l;/ #—^—If]qLo sfof{no lj/f6gu/, o @)&% j}zfv @(—h]7 @—pkIf]qLo sfof{no vf]6fª / o @)&% c;f/ !%—!& —If]qLo sfof{no kf]v/f .

jflif{s sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf If]qLo, pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿ tyf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf dxfzfvf÷PsfOx¿sf] rf}dfl;s / dfl;s sfo{of]hgfadf]lhd sfo{ ;DkGg eP–gePsf] ;DaGwdf lg/Gt/ cg'udg, 5nkmn / kmnf]ck .

# ;dLIff sfo{qmd

jflif{s sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog;DaGwL jflif{s, cw{jflif{s / rf}dfl;s k|ult ;dLIff sfo{qmd cfof]hgf– o w'lnv]n, sfe|], @)&$ ;fpg *—( ut], cfj @)&#÷&$ sf] jflif{s

k|ult ;dLIff M s]Gb|Lo tyf ;a} If]qLo / pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿sf] k|ltlglwTj -sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf ($=% k|ltzt ljQLo k|ult xfl;n_ .

o wgu9L, @)&$ kmfu'g @@—@# df cfj @)&$÷&% sf] cw{jflif{s k|ult ;dLIff M If]qLo sfof{no wgu9L / g]kfnuGh tyf pkIf]qLo


sfof{no h'Dnfsf] k|ltlglwTj, o hgsk'/, @)&$ kmfu'g @(—#) df cfj @)&$÷&% sf] cw{jflif{s

k|ult ;dLIff M If]qLo sfof{no lj/f6gu/ / hgsk'/ tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{no vf]6fªsf] k|ltlglwTj,

o ;fg]kf, nlntk'/, @)&$ r}t !# df cfj @)&$÷&% sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s cjlw;Ddsf] k|ult ;dLIff M s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / pkIf]qLo sfof{no ;fg]kfsf] k|ltlglwTj,

o a'6jn, @)&$ r}t @! df cfj @)&$÷&% sf] bf];|f] rf}dfl;s cjlw;Ddsf] k|ult ;dLIff M If]qLo sfof{no kf]v/f / pkIf]qLo sfof{no a'6jnsf] k|ltlglwTj /

o eQmk'/, @)&% c;f/ !)—!! df cfj @)&$÷&% sf] jflif{s k|ult ;dLIff M s]Gb|Lo tyf ;a} If]qLo / pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿sf] k|ltlglwTj -sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf **=% k|ltzt ljQLo k|ult xfl;n_ .

$ ;dGjo k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, cy{ dGqfno, dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nonufotsf lgsfox¿;Fu gLlt, sfo{qmd / ah]6 ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;dGjo .

% k|ltj]bg / ljj/0f

jflif{s k|ult ljj/0f, cw{jflif{s k|ult ljj/0f, rf}dfl;s k|ult ljj/0fh:tf cfjlws ljj/0f tof/L u/L dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{no, sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nodf k|]lift /

k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, cy{ dGqfno, dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{nonufotsf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfoaf6 dfu ePadf]lhd cfof]usf] gLlt, sfo{qmd, of]hgf, k|ult;DaGwL k|ltj]bg Pj+ ljj/0fx¿ k|]lift .

^ 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{of

cfof]usf] gLlt, sfo{qmd ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu 5nkmn / cGtlqm{ofM o @)&$ sflQs !*—w'Gr], /;'jf, o @)&$ dª\l;/ %—w/fg, o @)&$ kmfu'g @#—wgu9L / o @)&$ kmfu'g #)—hgsk'/ .

& k|ltj]bg k|sfzg

dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL -&& lhNnf_ k|ltj]bg k|sfzg .

* cg'udg k|ltlglw;ef, k|b]z;ef / :yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg, j[4f>d÷h]i7 gful/s x]/rfx s]Gb|sf] ;j]{If0f, e"sDk kLl8tx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf / dfgj clwsf/sf ljifox¿sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL sfo{qmd

-eQmk'/, sfe|], nlntk'/, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, bf]nvf / /fd]5fk, wflbª, l;Gw'nL / sf7df8f}F / ?s'dk"j{, ?s'dklZrd, b}n]v / dgfªnufotsf lhNnfx¿df ;xefuL .

( ljljw If]qLo, pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿ tyf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf dxfzfvf÷PsfOx¿af6 k|fKt b}lgs k|ltj]bgx¿sf] ;Íng, Joj:yfkg / k|fKt b}lgs k|ltj]bgx¿sf] cfwf/df dfggLo ;b:o / ;lrj;dIf


;fKtflxs ¿kdf ;lª\IfKt k|ltj]bg k];, If]qLo, pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿ tyf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf

dxfzfvf÷OsfOx¿af6 k|fKt dfl;s k|ltj]bgx¿sf] ;Íng, Joj:yfkg / k|fKt dfl;s k|ltj]bgx¿sf d'Vod'Vo ljj/0fx¿sf] cfwf/df ljleGg tflnsf÷ljj/0fx¿ tof/,

o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf] kl/of]hgf ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;xhLs/0f / ;xof]u, o'Pg8LkLcGtu{t P;lkP;kL kl/of]hgf ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;xhLs/0f /

;xof]u / ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]gadf]lhd cfof]usf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] q}dfl;s

sfo{;Dkfbg ljj/0f k|sfzg -hDdf rf/k6s_ .

cg'udg tyf cg';Gwfg dxfzfvf / k|j4{g dxfzfvfsf sfo{x¿ kl/R5]b tLg / rf/df pNn]v ul/Psf] x'Fbf oxfF k'g/fj[lt ul/Psf] 5}g .

cfly{s Joj:yfkg dxfzfvf

sfo{x¿

-s_ jflif{s rfn' ah]6 lgdf{0f,

-v_ ah]6 afF8kmfF8 tyf clVtof/L k|bfg,

-u_ cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] n]vf /fVg] tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{,

-3_ n]vfk/LIf0f -cfGtl/s tyf clGtd_ / a]?h' km5\of}{6,

-ª_ bft[ ;+:yfaf6 cfPsf ah]6sf] 5'6\6} lx;fa tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg tof/,

-r_ cfly{s cg'Zff;g\ sfod ug]{ /

-5_ ljQLo ;|f]t tyf cfof]usf lg0f{o / sfo{x¿af6 kg{ hfg] ljQLo c;/sf] clen]v /fVg] .

cfly{s Joj:yfkg dxfzfvf

o; jif{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 cfj @)&$÷&% sf nflu ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= @!$)!!# rfn'tkm{ ?=!(,%&,$&,&^#.–-pGgfO; s/f]8 ;GtfpGg nfv ;trfnL; xhf/ ;ft ;o lq;6\7L dfq_ ljlgof]hg ePsf]df ?= !^,!),^),*$%.(# -;f]x| s/f]8 b; nfv ;f7L xhf/ cf7 ;o k}FtfnL; ?lkofF lqofgAa] k};f dfq_ lgsf;f tyf vr{ ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L ah]6 pkzLif{s g+=@!$))!# rfn'tkm{ ?=^#,$&,))).– -lq;7L nfv ;trfnL; xhf/_ ljlgof]hg ePsf]df ?=^#,$^,$((.$) -lq;7L nfv 5ofnL; xhf/ rf/ ;o pgG;o ?lkofF rfnL; k};f dfq_ lgsf;f tyf vr{ ePsf] 5 . To:t} ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= ^)@)!@# rfn'tkm{ ?=!%,(&,^&(.– -kGw| nfv ;GtfgAa] xhf/ 5 ;o pgf;L ?lkofF dfq_ ljlgof]hg ePsf]df ?=!%,#&,)@#.&% -kGw| nfv ;}+QL; xhf/ t]O; ?lkofF


krxQ/ dfq_ vr{ ePsf] / ah]6 pkzLif{s g+= @!$)!!$ k'FhLuttkm{ ?= !,&@,$%,!&(.– -Ps s/f]8 axQ/ nfv k}tfnL; xhf/ Ps ;o pgf;L dfq_ ljlgof]hg ePsf]df ?=!,&!,*),##&.%^ -Ps s/f]8 PsxQ/ nfv c;L xhf/ tLg ;o ;}FQL; ?lkofF 5kGg k};f_ dfq lgsf;f tyf vr{ ePsf] 5 .

To;}u/L of] jif{ /fh:j cfDbfgL ?=##,^(,@(!.$& -t]QL; nfv pgG;Q/L xhf/ b'O{ ;o PsfgAa] ?lkofF ;trfnL; k};f dfq_ eO{ /fh:j /sd a}Í bflvnf ePsf] 5 . w/f}6Ltkm{ ut cfj;Ddsf] lhDd]jf/L;lxt o; jif{sf] s'n cfDbfgL ?=!),@(,^@(.$# -b; nfv pgGtL; xhf/ 5 ;o pgGtL; ?lkofFF lqrfnL; k};f dfq_ ePsf]df ?= %,)!,($!.$& -kfFr nfv Ps xhf/ gf} ;o PsrfnL; ?lkofF ;t\rfnL; k};f dfq_ w/f}6L lkmtf{ eO{ afFsL ?= %,@&,^*&.(^ -kfFr nfv ;QfO; xhf/ 5 ;o ;Qf;L ?lkofFF 5ofgAa] k};f dfq_ w/f}6L afFsL 5 .

of] jif{ ljleGg kl/of]hgftkm{sf] ut jif{sf] df}Hbft sf]if tyf n]vf lgoGqs sfof{nosf] ljljw v ^ vftfdf ?= #!,*&,!&^.&% -PstL; nfv ;Qf;L xhf/ Ps ;o 5\oQ/ k};f krxQ/ dfq_ cfDbfgL hgfO{ ;f]dWo]af6 ?= $,^*,#&$.*$ -rf/ nfv c7;6\7L xhf/ tLg ;o rf}xQ/ k};f rf}/f;L dfq_ vr{ u/L afFsL df}Hbft ?= @&,!*,*)!.(! -;QfO; nfv c7f/ xhf/ cf7 ;o Ps k};f PsfgAa] dfq_ /x]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL ljj/0f cg';"rL !@ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

sfg'g dxfzfvf

o; dxfzfvfnfO{ lgDg lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf 5g\ M

-s_ sfg'g k'g/fjnf]sg,

-v_ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL dxTTjk"0f{ lg0f{o k|sfzg,

-u_ cfof]unfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ btf{ ePsf d'2fdf k|To'Q/ / ax;k}/jL,

-3_ cfjZos sfg'gL d:of}bf tof/,

-ª_ sfg'gL k/fdz{ /

-r_ ljljw .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! sfg'g k'g/fjnf]sg

— k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{noaf6 cfPsf] kqsf cfwf/df ;'zf;g -;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg_ P]g, @)^$ tyf lgodfjnL,@)^% sf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu tLg dxn] /fo ;'emfj tof/ u/L k7fOPsf] /

— afn>d -lgif]w / lgoldt_ ug]{ ;DaGwL P]gsf] k'g/fjnf]sg sfo{sf] ;'?jft .

@ Dffgj — dfgj clwsf/:fDaGwL dxTTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿sf] k|sfzg /


clwsf/ ;DaGwL dxTTjk"0f{ lg0f{o k|sfzg

— ls;fgsf] clwsf/;DaGwL cWoog k|ltj]bgsf] k|sfzg .

cfof]unfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ btf{ ePsf d'2fdf ax;k}/jL

— cfof]ulj?4 ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k/]sf] l/6 lgj]bgsf] lnlvt hjfkmsf] tof/ u/L k]; u/]sf] tyf k];L tfl/v lnPsf],

— cfof]ulj?4 ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf btf{ ePsf d'2fx¿df -Ps / ax;k}/jL rf/ u/L kfFr j6f_ lnlvt hjfkmbtf{,

— cfof]ulj?4 btf{ ePsf ;ftj6f d'2fdf lnlvt hjfkm btf{ ;fy} ax;k}/jL /

— cfof]ulj?4sf d'2fx¿sf] k];L lng] sfo{ .

# cfjZos sfg'gL d:of}bf tof/

Dffgj clwsf/ pNn‹gstf{sf] gfd clen]vg tyf ;fj{hlgs ug]{;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)&$ sf] d:of}bfpk/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf k|ltlglw, ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|ltlglw tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿sf] ;xeflutfdf 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg,

— Dffgj clwsf/ cfof]uåf/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf lgodfjnL tyf lgb]{lzsfx¿ Joj:yflksf–;+;b\ ljwfog ;ldltdf k7fOPsf],

— Dffgj clwsf/ ;]jf k'/:sf/ lgb]{lzsf tof/ /

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @)^$ sf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] klxnf] / ls;fgsf] clwsf/;DaGwL k|ltj]bgsf] d:of}bf tof/ .

$ sfg'gL k/fdz{

— 5fpk8L k|yf;DaGwL k|ltj]bgpk/ /fo;'emfj tof/ u/L k]; /

— s}bL tyf y'g'jfx¿n] sf/fuf/df ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ k|of]u ug{ kfpg] gkfpg] ;DaGwdf /fo .

$ ljljw — Dffgj clwsf/d}qL sfg'g lgdf{0f ug{ cg'/f]w u/L &%# j6f :YffgLo lgsfox¿nfO{ kqfrf/,

— Dffgj clwsf/d}qL 3f]if0ffkq lgdf{0f ug{ cg'/f]w u/L lgjf{rg cfof]udf btf{ eO{ cfufdL dª\l;/ !) / @! Uft] ;DkGg x'g uO/x]sf] ;‹ tyf k|b]z;efsf] r'gfjdf ;xefuL x'g (% j6f /fhg}lts bnx¿nfO{ kqfrf/,

— g]kfn / ef/tsf] ;Ldf If]qdf a;f]jf; ug]{ g]kfnL gful/sx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfaf/]df k|ltj]bg tof/,

— cfof]usf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf k|wfg GofofwLzsf] k|d'v cfltYotf / d'Vo ;lrjsf] pkl:yltdf pRr:t/Lo sfo{zfnf ;DkGg,

— ;+;b\ ;lrjfnoåf/f cfof]lht dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL tflnddf lj1sf] ¿kdf ;xeflutf,

— sfg'gL d:of}bf;DaGwL tflnd ;DkGg,


— j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @)^$ sf] k'g/fjnfsg;DaGwL 5nkmn,

— d'n'sL ;+lxtfdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL Joj:yfx¿sf af/]df cfof]usf clws[t sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu cled'vLs/0f tflnd sfo{,

— lgMz'Ns sfg'gL ;xfotf;DaGwL 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg,

— afn>d -lgif]w tyf lgoldt ug]{_ P]g, @)%^ sf] k'g/fjnf]sg;DaGwL 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg,

— ;Tolg¿k0f, d]nldnfk / a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx¿sf] 5fgljg cfof]u P]g, @)&! sf] ;+zf]wg;DaGwL 5nkmn /

— /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* sf] ;+zf]wg ;DaGwdf k|wfgdGqL sfof{no, sfg'g tyf ;+;bLo dGqfno / dxfGofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{no;Fu 5nkmn .

cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw cg'udg dxfzfvf

o; dxfzfvfnfO{ lgDg lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf 5g\M

-s_ cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw sfof{Gjog cj:yf, dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf cj:yf, ljZjJofkL cfjlws ;dLIff / ;du| dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf cg'udg

-v_ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw cg'df]bgsf] nflu l;kmfl/; /

-u_ /fHoaf6 ;+o'Qm /fi6;‹sf ;ldltdf k7fpg] k|ltj]bgpk/ ;'emfj .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! ;du| dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] cj:yf cg'udg

— sf7df8f}F, sfe|], eQmk'/, g'jfsf]6, nlntk'/ / wflbªnufotsf lhNnfsf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf,

— df]/ª, kj{t, DofUbL, afun'ªdf ljZjJofkL cfjlws k|ltj]bgsf] cj:yf,

— cg;g/t 8f= uf]ljGb s];Lsf] :jf:y cj:yf -k6s–k6s_,

— ;8s lj:tf/ ;DaGwdf dfOtL3/ d08nfdf u/]sf] wgf{ tyf ¥ofnL,

— u|fG8L c:ktfndf ;'dg ljssf] :jf:Yo cj:yf,

— af/f, k;f{, dxf]Q/L, /f}tx6nufotsf lhNnfdf af9L k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf,

— sf7df8f}F pkTosfdf /f]lxª\Uof z/0ffyL{x¿sf] cj:yf,

— lrlsT;s ;‹sf] x8tfnn] la/fdLnfO{ kg{ uPsf] c;'ljwf,

— cg;g/t 8f= dx]z uh'/]nsf] :jf:Yo cj:yf,

— pkTosf / /fd]5fkdf u}/sfg'gL y'gf tyf oftgfsf] cj:yf,

— af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf s'l6PsL Psn dlxnfsf] cj:yf,

— sfe|], g'jfsf]6, wflbª / pkTosfsf OF6fe§fx¿df afn>ldssf]

hDdf $) k6s cg'udg


cj:yf,

— k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;efsf] klxnf] / bf];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf,

— lhk|sf /fd]5fksf] lx/f;t / oftgf,

— uf]/vf, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, g'jfsf]6nufotsf lhNnfsf e"sDk k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf,

— ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k/]sf] cbfntsf] dfgxfgL;DaGwL d'2f,

— jL/ c:ktfndf pkrf//t /]zdnfn rf}w/Lsf] :jf:Yo cj:yf,

— kmf:6 6«ofsn] vf]sgf / a'ªdtLsf] ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ldr]sf] ;DaGwdf /

— wg'iff, k;f{, ;Kt/L / l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL ljleGg 36gf Pj+ ;du| cj:yf .

@ k|sfzg lgjf{rg cg'udg k|ltj]bg, @)&%

# 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{of

— cf]vn9'Ëf / ;f]n'v'Da'df ljZjJofkL cfjlws k|ltj]bg ljifos sfof{zfnf uf]i7L,

— ckfË ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGwsf] ;ldltdf k]; ug]{ k|ltj]bg ;DaGwdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQm÷;+:yfx¿;Fu ;'emfj ;Íngsf] nflu 5nkmn,

— cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf] nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu 5nkmn,

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf uPsf k'?ifx¿sf >LdtLx¿n] ef]Ug'k/]sf ;fdflhs d"No;DaGwL 5nkmn,

— afn>d -lgif]w / lgoldt_ P]g @)%^ k'g/fjnf]sg;DaGwL cGtlqm{of,

— PrcfOeL tyf tyf l6aL /f]u;DaGwL /0fg}lts of]hgf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn /

— >d, /f]huf/ tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfnosf] Migration Governance Indicators sf] d:of}bfpk/ 5nkmn .

hDdf cf7 j6f 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{of

n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f dxfzfvf

o; dxfzfvfsf lhDd]jf/L lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

-s_ n}lËs tyf ;dflhs lje]b x6fpg kxn,

-v_ ljifout ;fdu|Lx¿ k|sfzg,

-u_ dlxnf Pj+ ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfaf/] ax;k}/jL,

-3_ cfjZos sfg'gL d:of}bf,


-ª_ /fHosf x/]s tx / tKsfdf dlxnf tyf cGo l;dfGts[tsf] ;xeflutf j[l4sf] nflu kxn,

-r_ dlxnf / k5fl8 kfl/Psf ;d'bfosf] Gofodf kx'Fr j[l4 /

-5_ dlxnf tyf ;dflhs ¿kdf k5fl8 kfl/Psf If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf;Fu ;xsfo{ ;dGjo .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿ s}lkmot

! cg'udg÷ cg';Gwfg

— n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f;DaGwL lhDd]]jf/L tf]lsPsf dGqfnodf rf}yf] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ sfo{of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog cj:Yff,

— df]/ª tyf ;'g;/Ldf d'l:nd dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;fsf] cj:yf,

— b}n]v / c5fd lhNnfdf 5fpk8L k|yf / To;n] dlxnfsf] hLjgdf kf/]sf] k|efj cWoog cg'udg,

— emfkf lhNnfdf dlxnfdfly ePsf lx+;f / ha/h:tL s/0fLaf6 l;lh{t cj:yf,

— lrtjg lhNnfdf dlxnfdfly ePsf lx+;f / ha/h:tL s/0fLaf6 l;lh{t cj:yf /

— 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfdf kf/]sf] c;/ ;DaGwdf zf]wsfo{ (Research) sf] cWoog c'gudg lg/Gt/ .

hDdf ;ft j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

@ k|ltj]bg — 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfsf] hLjgdf kf/]sf] k|efj;DaGwL k|ltj]bgnfO{ yk kl/dflh{t / kl/is[t ug{ ;DalGwt ;‹;+:yfx¿n] u/]sf] vf]hcg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg cWoog tyf n]vg,

— 5fpk8L 36gf;DaGwL cWoog k|ltj]bg n]vg / cª\u|]HfLdf cg'jfb,

— cfdfsf] gfdaf6 gful/stf pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf cWoog k|ltj]bg n]vg / cª\u|]HfLdf cg'jfb,

— Hfa/h:tL s/0fL / of}glx+;f;DaGwL 36gfaf/] cWoog k|ltj]bg / pQm cWoog k|ltj]bgsf] cª\u|]HfLdf cg'jfb,

— Hfa/h:tL s/0fL;DaGwL ut jif{ ePsf] ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO sfo{qmdsf] lel8of] lSnk tof/ /

— 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfsf] hLjgdf kf/]sf] k|efj cWoog k|ltj]bg k|sfzg .

#= 5nkmn÷

cGtlqm{of

— ha/h:tL s/0fL;DaGWfL /fli6«o hfFra'em ;DaGwdf k/fdz{ a}7s,

— 5fpk8L s'k|yfsf] ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of sfo{qmd,

— kLl8t dlxnfsf] Gofodf kx'Fr;DaGwL -eb|k'/ emfkf_ cGtlqm{of,

— 5fpk8L s'k|yfsf] ljBdfg sfg'gL cj:yf;DaGwL sfg'g Joj;foL dlxnfx¿;Fu 5nkmn,

— ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf dlxnfx¿sf] ;jfn klxrfg;DaGwL cGtlqm{of sfo{qmd

hDdf !& j6f 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{of ;DkGg


— kfls:tfg / ckmuflg:tfgsf] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ ;:yf tyf ;ef;b\x¿;Fu 6«fG;h]G8/ clwsf/ ;DaGwdf 5nkmn,

— Affn ljjfx;DaGwL /fli6«o hfFra'em ljifos k/fdz{ a}7s, — n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f tflnd ;DkGg,

— Dflxnfdfly x'g] lx+;flj?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofg,

— d'l:nd dlxnfdfly x'g] lx+;flj?4 r]tgfd"ns -df]/ª_ sfo{qmd,

— 5fpk8L k|yfsf] cWoog k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn,

— University of Colombia USA sf] ljBfyL{x¿;Fu /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] e"ldsfaf/]df 5nkmn,

— dlxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ dxf;lGwsf] k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn÷sfof{zfnf uf]i7L,

— lx+;fkLl8t dlxnfsf] Gofodf kx'Fr -e/tk'/, lrtjg_ ljifos cGtlqm{of,

— dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfdfly x'g] of}GfhGo lx+;f, a]rlavg -v}/]gL, lrtjg_ cGTosf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿aLr cGtlqm{of,

— Dflxnflj?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf] e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ dxf;lGw ;ldltdf k]; ul/g] k|ltj]bgsf] d:of}bfdfly 5nkmn,

— 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfsf] hLjgdf kf/]sf] k|efj cWoog k|ltj]bg -wgu9L, s}nfnLdf_ ;fj{hlgsLs/0f .

$= ljljw /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] n}lËs tyf ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ljj/0f tof/ .

;fd"lxs clwsf/ dxfzfvf

;fd"lxs clwsf/ dxfzfvfnfO{ lgDg lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf 5g\M

-s_ ;fd"lxs clwsf/ -cflbjf;L hghflt, cNk;ª\Vos, h]i7 gful/s, dfgl;s :jf:Yo, n}lËs tyf of}lgs cNk;ª\Vos, PrcfOeL k|efljt cflb_ ;DaGwL k|j4{gfTds sfo{x¿ -uf]i7L, cGtlqm{of, 5nkmn, sfo{zfnf, k|lzIf0f, tflnd cflb_,

-v_ cg'udg dxfzfvfsf] ;dGjodf ;fd"lxs clwsf/;DaGwL d'2fdf cg'udg,

-u_ ;fd"lxs clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf nflu gLltut l;kmfl/; /

-3_ sfg'g dxfzfvf;Fusf] ;dGjodf ;fd"lxs clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu sfg'g k'g/fjnf]sg cflb .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! cg'udg÷cg';Gwfg

— eQmk'/ / sfe|], sf7df8f}F / nlntk'/sf OF6fe§fdf afn>dsf] cj:yfsf] cg'udg /


— tL lhNnfl:yt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, lhNnf 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf] dlxnf afnaflnsf ;]n, OF6fe§f ;~rfns, gfOs] / sfdbf/x¿;Fu e]63f6, 5nkmn cGtlqm{of tyf :ynut cjnf]sg .

@ k|ltj]bg÷ l;kmfl/;

— cflbjf;L hghfltsf] l:ylt k|ltj]bg d:of}bf k|ltj]bg d:of}bf,

— ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf;DaGwL /fli6«o k|ltj]bg n]vg, k|sfzg Pj+ ;fj{hlgsLs/0f /

— k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt l;kmfl/; g]kfn ;/sf/, /fli6«o ckfË dxf;‹, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;‹nfO{ sfof{Gjogsf nflu kqfrf/ .

# 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{of

— cflbjf;L hghfltsf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of .

— OF6fe§fdf afn>dsf] cj:yf cg'udg ug]{ qmddf ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu ljifodf ldlt rfFu'gf/fo0f gu/kflnsfsf kbflwsf/L, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, dlxnf afnaflnsf sfof{no, lhNnf lzIff sfof{no, lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|ltlglw, OF6fe§f ;~rfns, gfOs] / sfdbf/aLr cGtlqm{of .

— nfx'/lgk;Fusf] ;xsfo{df dfgj clwsf/ / Joj;fo (Business and Human Rights) ;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f .

— cfof]u / nfx'/lgksf] cfof]hgfdf Joj;fo / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL k/fdz{ a}7s sfo{qmd .

— g]kfn ;/sf/cGt/utsf ljleGg dGqfnox¿, k|flws/0f tyf ljefu, Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt dxf;‹, ;‹, hnljB't sDkgL, g]kfn cflbjf;L hghflt /fli6«o pTyfg k|lti7fg, nfx'/lgk / cfof]uaf6 u/L $# hgfsf] ;xefuL .

— ckfËtf;DaGwL /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] k"j{ tof/Lsf nflu /fli6«o ckfË dxf;‹ / dxf;‹df cfa4 ;+:yfx¿;Fu a}7s .

— cfOPncf] dxf;lGw cg'df]bg u/]sf] !) jif{ k"/f ePsf] ;Gbe{df cflbjf;L hghfltsf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos k|ltj]bgsf] d:of}bfpk/ ;'emfj ;Íng .

$ k|fb]lzs tyf /fli6«o ;Dd]ng

— ckfËutf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL k|fb]lzs ;Dd]ng ;DkGgM

— c;f]h @& / @*, lj/f6gu/,

— kmfu'g @& / @*, hgsk'/,

— sflt{s !# / !$, kf]v/f,

— sflt{s @( / #), ;'v]{t,

— df3 $ / %, t'n;Lk'/,

— kmfu'g @)/ @!, wgu9L /

— @)&% j}zfv @& / @*, sf7df8f}F .


/fli6«o ;Dd]ngM

— @)&% j}zfv @& / @*, sf7df8f}F .

k|To]s ;Dd]ngdf 3f]if0ffkq kfl/t;lxt hf/L .

— dª\l;/ !$ b]lv !&, Innovation for change south Asia Hub sf] cfof]hgfdf ;~rfng ePsf] workshop on promoting and protecting civic space South Asia df ;xefuL .

dfgj a]rlavglj?4 ;dfwLIfssf] sfof{no

o; sfof{nonfO{ tf]lsPsf lhDd]jf/L lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

-s_ dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL cg'udg,

-v_ dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/,

-u_ dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL ePsf ;dfrf/;DaGwL 5nkmn,

-3_ dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL tYofÍ cWofjlws,

-ª_ sfg'g dxfzfvf;Fu ;dGjo u/L dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL sfg'g k'g/fjnf]sgsf] kxn /

-r_ ljljw .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! cg'udg÷ cg';Gwfg

— emfkf lhNnfl:yt g]kfn–ef/tsf ;Ldf gfsfdf dfgj a]rlavgsf] cj:yf -cfof]udf btf{ ePsf ljifout ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L_ /

— ;'g;/L / sf7df8fF} lhNnfdf cgf}krfl/s If]q -ljz]if u/L dgf]/~hg If]q_–df sfo{/t dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf;DaGwL cWoog÷cg';Gwfg .

@ jflif{s k|ltj]bg

— dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL /fli6«o k|ltj]bg @)!%÷!^ sf] g]kfnL ;+:s/0f k|sfzg .

# 5nkmn

— dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL /fli6«o k|ltj]bg @)!^÷@)!& -cfj @)&#÷&$_ sf] tof/Lsf nflu cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿;Fu k/fdz{ tyf 5nkmn,

— dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL d'2fx¿sf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿ / ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L lgsfox¿aLr ;lrj:t/Lo a}7s÷cfof]udf k|fKt ePsf dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL d'2fx¿ tyf cfof]usf l;kmfl/;x¿sf ;DaGwdf Wofgfsif{0f,

— dfgj a]rlavgsf ;DaGwdf -emfkfdf_ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;Fu


cGtlqm{of tyf 5nkmn,

— cgf}krfl/s If]q ljz]if u/L dgf]/~hg If]qdf sfo{/t dlxnf tyf afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf tyf j}b]lzs /f]huf/df uPsf k'?if sfdbf/sf >LdtLx¿n] ef]Ug'k/]sf] ;fdflhs d"No -nf~5gf, cfly{s lx+;f, of}glx+;fnufot_ sf ljifodf cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu k/fdz{ /

— j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @)^$ sf] d'Vo a'bfFx¿sf] ;+zf]wgsf] ljifodf 5nkmn .

$ l;kmfl/;

j}b]lzs /f]huf/nfO{ ;'/lIft / dof{lbt agfpgsf] nflu !^ zLif{scGtu{t ljleGg pkzLif{sx¿df k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifbsf] sfof{nonfO{ l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjogsf] nflu kqfrf/ .

% ;/sf/L lgsfo / ;‹;+:yf ;Fusf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf p4f/ Pj+ cGo sfo{x¿

— dfgj a]rlavglj?4df sfo{/t zlQm ;d"x;lxtsf u};;af6 dfgj a]rlavgsf 36gfx¿sf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf df=cWoIfdfkm{t 1fkgkq u|x0f,

— dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/lj?4sf] !! cf}F /fli6«o lbj;sf] cj;/df …casf] uGtJo, dfgj a]rlavgsf] cGToÚ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy cfof]lht k|eftkm]l/ / a[xt\ e]nfdf ;xefuL,

— >LnÍfnL b'O{ dlxnfx¿sf] p4f/sf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿;Fu ;dGjo u/L lghx¿sf] ;s'zn :jb]z lkmtL{sf] nflu kxn÷lghx¿ ;s'zn :jb]z lkmtL{ ePsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt .

— ljB'tLo ;~rf/dfWodfkm{t k|fKt ;dfrf/sf] cfwf/df emfkf lgjf;L lhNnfsL Ps dlxnf s'j]tdf a]rlavgdf k/]sf] eGg] 36gfsf ;DaGwdf dfgj a]rlavg;DaGwL ljz]if ;dflwIfssf] sfof{noaf6 cfjZos sf/afxL u/L lghsf] ;s'zn p4f/ tyf :jb]z lkmtL{sf nflu kxn . kl/0ffdtM ;s'zn :jb]z lkmtL{ ePsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt /

— dfgj a]rlavg / e"sDkaf6 ;d]t kLl8t dlxnfsf afnaflnsfsf] plrt ;+/If0f tyf lzIffsf nflu afnaflnsfsf cleefjsnfO{ s]Gb|Lo afn sNof0f ;ldltdf k7fOPsf] cj:yf .

qm=;=

cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{x¿

! cg'udg lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yndf j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/x¿sf] cj:yf .

@ tflnd cfof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ ljifos tLg lbg] cfwf/e"t tflnd .

# 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{of

— cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfsf] ljifodf k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf nflu ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx¿sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglwx¿;Fu


k/fdz{ 5nkmn,

— ;/sf/L lgsfo / u};;sf k|ltlglwx¿;Fu j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] cj:yf ljifos k|ltj]bg tof/Lsf ;DaGwdf k/fdz{ 5nkmn,

— cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf ljifodf k|:tfljt d:of}bfdfly 5nkmn tyf ;'emfj ;Íng,

— cfk|jf;g;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf cj;/df >d dGqfnosf ;lrj, j}b]lzs /f]huf/ Jofj;foL ;‹sf cWoIf, cfk|jf;g;DaGwL /fli6«o ;~hfn, u};sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglwx¿;Fu dfggLo cWoIfsf] cWoIftfdf k/fdz{ 5nkmn tyf cGtlqm{of,

— cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu Gofodf kx'Frsf If]qdf sfo{/t u};;sf k|ltlglw, cfk|jf;L dlxnf clwsf/sf If]qdf sfo{/t k|ltlglwx¿;Fu 5nkmn,

— cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] If]qdf ;/sf/n] ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ gLltut ljifosf] klxrfgsf nflu lj1x¿, k"j{ /fhb"t, of]hgfljb\, k"j{ >d ;lrjx¿ / k//fi6«, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf dGqfnosf clwsf/Lx¿;Fu k/fdz{ 5nkmn .

$ If]qLo ;Dd]ng

lj/f6gu/df !) lhNNffsf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / ;~rf/hut\;lxtsf] ;xeflutfdf cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf ljifodf If]qLo ;Dd]ng .

% d:of}bf tof/L

g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf ;DaGwdf ug'{kg]{ gLltut l;kmfl/;x¿sf] d:of}bf tof/ .

;"rgf k|ljlw PsfO

o; PsfOnfO{ tf]lsPsf lhDd]jf/L lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

-s_ ;"rgf k|ljlw;DaGwL ;e{/ l;:6d (Server System) x¿sf]] lgoldt ;~rfng, Jofsck, dd{t

-v_ cfof]usf j]e;fO6, km];a's / l6\j6/ r':tb'?:t /fVg],

-u_ cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ljB'tLo xflh/L tyf clen]v /fVg],

-3_ cfof]usf k|sfzgdf l8hfOg tyf n]cfp6df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

-ª_ ;"rgf k|ljlw;DaGwL gLlt, of]hgf lgdf{0f sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u ug]{ /

-r_ Complaint Management and Reporting System (CMRS) k|0ffnL ;~rfng;DaGwL sfo{ .


;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! tflnd — ph'/Lsf] cj:yf;DaGwL ;km\6j]/ (Software) lgdf{0f / ;f];DaGwL cfof]usf sfof{nox¿df sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ qmdzM lj/f6gu/, vf]6fª, kf]v/f, g]kfnuGh, wgu9L, hgsk'/, h'Dnf / a'6jndf tflnd

@ ljljw — cfof]usf sfof{nox¿df /x]sf ph'/L kmfOnx¿ :Sofg tyf l;PdcfP;df btf{,

— cfof]usf] lgoldt sfo{df k|of]u eO/x]sf MDaemon Email Server,

Eset NOD32 Antivirus, ljB'tLo xflh/, CMRS System, j]e;fO6sf] cfj @)&$÷@)&% sf] nflu gjLs/0f,

— cfof]usf] j]e;fO6sf] nflu 8f]d]g :k]; tyf ;]jf cfj @)&$÷@)&% sf] nflu gjLs/0f

— cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf nflu j]jk]h tof/ u/L ;fj{hlgs cGo cfjZos sfo{df ;xof]u,

— cfof]usf] cflwsfl/s ;fdflhs ;~hfndfkm{t k|fKt b'O{ ;o t]x|j6f ph'/L tyf hfgsf/Lx¿ s]Gb|Lo, If]qLo tyf pkIf]qLo sfof{no, s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] ph'/L zfvfdf k|]lift,

— cfof]udf CGAS (Centralized Government Accounting System) sfo{Gjog ug{sf nflu dxfn]vf lgoGqssf] sfof{nod;Fu 5nkmn u/L ;~rfngdf NofPsf],

— Mail Server, Others Servers, Network Security, SPAM Mail,

JUNK mail, System cg'udg, — cfof]uåf/f k|sflzt k|];lj1lKtx¿ tyf k|sfzgx¿ cfof]usf] ;fdflhs

;~hfn j]e;fO6, km];a's / l6\j6/df /lvPsf],

— cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ljB'tLo xflh/L tyf clen]v /fv]sf],

— cfof]udf k|of]u eO/x]sf ;/e/x¿sf] ;fKtflxs ¿kdf Jofsck /fVg] u/]sf],

— Mail Server, CMRS Server, HRMS Server nufot cGo Servers, Network Security, SPAM Mail, JUNK mail, System monitoring /

— Regular Desktop Support, Designing support u/]sf] .

;"rgf, tyf ;~rf/ PsfO

o; PsfOnfO{ tf]lsPsf lhDd]jf/Lx¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

-s_ cfof]usf cfjZos ;"rgfnfO{ ;~rf/dfWoddfkm{t ;dIf k'¥ofpg],

-v_ k|];lj1lKt / k|];gf]6 tof/L / ;Dk|]if0f,

-u_ kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] nflu cfjZos tof/L,


-3_ dfgj clwsf/kqsf] nflu ;dfrf/ ;Íng÷;Dkfbg /

-ª_ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;dfrf/ cg'udg .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

!= k|];lj1lKt / k|];gf]6 tof/L Pj+ ljt/0f

— ljleGg ldltdf dfgj clwsf/sf ;d;fdlos ljifodf hDdf %) j6f k|];lj1lKt hf/L /

— ljleGg ldltdf dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fdf cfof]uaf6 ePsf sfo{x¿sf] ;DaGwd hDdf !^ j6f k|];gf]6 hf/L

@= kqsf/ ;Dd]ng tof/L

— dª\l;/ % df …zflGt ;Demf}tfsf P3f/ jif{ / dfgj clwsf/Ú kqsf/ ;Dd]ng,

— r}t @# df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf tyf tof/L ;Gbe{df kqsf/ ;Dd]ng /

— r}t @* df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf] 3f]if0ffkq ;fj{hlgs ug]{ ;Gbe{df kqsf/ ;Dd]ng .

#= tflnd c;f]h @$—@% sfe|sf]], ag]kf, sflt{s !&—!* / kmfu'g @—# sf7df8f}F / c;f/ $—% kfNkfdf u/L dfgj clwsf/ / ;~rf/;DaGwL rf/j6f tflnd ;DkGg .

$= ljljw — dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf nflu cfjZos ;fdu|L tof/Lnufotsf sfo{df ;xof]u,

— :yfgLo tx, k|b]z;ef tyf k|ltlglw;ef lgjf{rg ;DaGwdf ;~rf/dfWoddf k|sflzt ;fdu|Lx¿sf] cg'udg . cg'udgdf vl6Psf 6f]nLaf6 ;"rgf jf hfgsf/Lsf] cfwf/df lgjf{rg;DaGwL ;dfrf/sf] k/LIf0f,

— cfof]uåf/f ;DkGg x'g] ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf !& j6f sfo{qmddf ;~rf/u[xdf sfo{/t ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ lgdGq0ff ;fy} ;dfrf/ k|sfzgfy{ k|];–lj1lKt / k|];gf]6 tof/ Pj+ ;Dk|]if0f,

— cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] ;+/If0f / kqsf/x¿sf] ;'/Iff ;DaGwdf cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿;Fu 5nkmn tyf k/fdz{ /

— cfof]usf] @)&% ;fnsf] jflif{s sfo{qmd tflnsf ;fdu|L k|sfzgsf] nflu tof/ .

clen]vfno PsfO

o; PsfOnfO{ tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

-s_ btf{ ph'/Lx¿ / ph'/Lpk/ cfof]uaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o, l;kmfl/;;d]t clen]vLs/0f .


;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! — xfn;Dd (@)% j6f ph'/Ldf o; cfj;Dd !!^% j6f gofF ph'/L;Fu ;DalGwt

kmfOnx¿ Complaint Management and Reporting System (CMRS) ljB'tLo k|0ffnLdf /flvPsf],

— o; Complaint Management and Reporting System (CMRS) ljB'tLo k|0ffnLdf xfn;Dd $$(# j6f lg0f{o kmfOn clen]v ul/Psf]df o; cfjdf #! j6f gofF kmfOnx¿ /flvPsf],

— xfn;Dd @^)@ dWo] o; cfjdf !!#$ j6f gofF ph'/L kmfOn ljB'tLo k|0ffnLdf btf{ /

— lg0f{o eO{ g;s]sf sl/a !@%) j6f kmfOnx¿sf] :Sofg .

@ — cbfntaf6 dfu ePsf d'2f;Fu ;DalGwt ;Ssn sfuhft pknAw u/fOPsf] .

k|ltj]bg n]vg PsfO

— cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/,

— Dffgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljifout k|ltj]bgdf / cfof]uaf6 k|sfzg x'g] cGo k|sfzg ;xof]u .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg, @)&$ cg'udg k|ltj]bg sflt{s, @)&$

@ sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;tdf Dffgj clwsf/ cj:yf cg'udg k|ltj]bg sflt{s, @)&$

# Dffgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng k|ltj]bg sflt{s, @)&$

$ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg -@)&#—@)&$_ dª\l;/, @)&$

% /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] ;ª\lIfKt jflif{s k|ltj]bg -@)&#—@)&$_

k';, @)&$

^ Annual Report (Synopsis) 2073-2074 Feb., 2018

& k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg, @)&$ cg'udg k|ltj]bg j}zfv, @)&%

* d'n's, k|b]z / lhNnfsf dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|d'v k|fyldstfsf ljifo cWoog k|ltj]bg

h]7, @)&%

( cfof]usf s]xL l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog / kLl8tsf] cj:yf cWoog k|ltj]bg

h]7, @)&%

!) 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfsf] hLjgdf kf/]sf] k|efj, cWoog k|ltj]bg h]7, @)^%

!! ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf k|fb]lzs / /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] k|ltj]bg

c;f/, @)&%


!@ ls;fgsf] clwsf/ sfg'g k'g/fjnf]sg c;f/, @)&%

!# dfgj clwsf/ ;+jfxs -hg{n_ ebf} @)&$—h]7 @)&% -rf/ cª\s_

!$ Dffgj clwsf/kq tLg cª\s

dfgj clwsf/ ;|f]t s]Gb|

o; ;|f]t s]GbnfO{ lgDgadf]lhd lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf 5g\ M

-s_ dfgj clwsf/ ;|f]t s]Gb| ;~rfng -v_ vl/b Pj+ pkxf/:j¿k k|fKt k':ts Joj:yfkg . -u_ cfof]usf k|sfzgx¿sf] clen]v tyf ljt/0f .

;Dkflbt sfo{x¿

! k':ts Joj:yfkg —vl/b ul/Psf k':ts -$* yfg_

—pkxf/:j¿k k|fKt -#^ yfg_

@ k|sfzg ljt/0f cfof]usf k|sfzg ljt/0f -!$$* hgfsf] clen]v_

# kqklqsfsf] Joj:yfkg b}lgs, ;fKtflxs cflb


kl/R5]b—5

cfof]u / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿aLr ;DaGw

cfof]u / /fi6«klt sfof{no

;ljwfgtM cfof]un] x/]s jif{ jflif{s k|ltj]bg ;DdfggLo /fi6«klt;dIf k]; ug'{kb{5 . /fi6«kltn] k|wfgdGqLdfkm{t ;f] k|ltj]bg 5nkmnsf nflu ;‹Lo ;+;b\;dIf k]; ug'{kg]{ k|fjwfg 5 . ;f]xL k|fjwfgadf]lhd cfof]un] k|To]s jif{ /fi6«klt;dIf cfof]uåf/f ;Dkflbt sfd–sf/afxLnufotsf ljifo ;dfj]z u/L k|ltj]bg k]; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf dfggLo cWoIfsf] g]t[Tjdf ;b:o ;lrj / sd{rf/L;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] @@ dª\l;/, @)&$ df cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg ;DdfgLo /fi6«klt;dIf k]; u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] cj;/df cfof]usf dfggLo cWoIfn] cfof]uaf6 ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿, ef]Ug'k/]sf r'gf}tL / dfgj clwsf/sf ljljw kIfx¿dfly ;ª\If]kdf k|sfz kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . /fi6«kltaf6 klg dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf nflu cfof]un] ljifd kl/l:ylt / r'gf}tLsf afah'b klg e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] eGb} wGojfb lbg'ePsf] lyof] . dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+:s[lt ljsf;sf nflu cfˆgf] 7fpFaf6 kxn ug]{ ljZjf; lbnfpFb} yk ;lqmotfsf ;fy cfof]u cufl8 a9\g'kg]{df pxfFsf] hf]8 lyof] .

blIf0f Pl;ofdf b08xLgtf / dfgj clwsf/sf] r'gf}tL;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ ;Dd]ng x'g uO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df cfof]un] ;DdfggLo /fi6«klt;Fu 5nkmn u/]sf] lyof] . 5nkmn ;Dd]ng tyf dfgj clwsf/sf ljljw ljifodf s]lGb|t lyP . tLg lbg -@!—@# r}t_ ;Dd rn]sf] ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] ;d'b\3f6g Pj+ ;Daf]wg ;DdfggLo /fi6«kltaf6 ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Daf]wgsf] k"0f{kf7 cg';"rL !) df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 .

cfof]u / g]kfn ;/sf/

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f, k|j4{g / kl/kfngf ug]{ klxnf] bfloTj ;/sf/df /x]sf] x'G5 . cfof]usf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngb]lv ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gnufotsf sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ kof{Kt ah]6 sfo{sIfnufot cfwf/e"t ;'ljwfx¿ pknJw u/fpg' ;/sf/sf] bfloTj xf] . oL / o:tf sfo{x¿ cfk;L ;xsfo{{ / ;dGjodf a9L k|efjsf/L x'G5g\ . cfof]un] ;/sf/L lgsfox¿aLr dfgj clwsf/sf ljifo / cfof]u;Fu ;DalGwt cfly{s / k|zf;lgsnufotsf ljifodfly ljrf/ ljdz{, k/fdz{ jf 5nkmn ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf l;kmfl/; sfof{Gjogb]lv cfly{s Jooef/ Aoxf]g'{kg]{ ePsfn] klg ;xsfo{ / ;dGjoaf6 dfq ;Dej x'G5 . cfjZostf / ljifoj:t'sf] ufDeLo{ x]/L ;do;dodf


g]kfn ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, pRrkb:y clws[tx¿nfO{ cfof]udf cfdGq0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . pxfFx¿;Fu cfof]un] d'n'ssf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf, zflGt;'/Iff, dfgj clwsf/sf hNbfaNbf d'2f, cfof]usf l;kmfl/; cflbsf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn, cGtlqm{of ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . k|fKt lgisif{sf cfwf/df ;/sf/nfO{ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'sf ;fy} cfjZos lgb]{zg klg lbFb} cfPsf] 5 .

cfof]usf] cfly{s :jfoQtf Pj+ ;/sf/ / cfof]uaLr b]lvPsf] cfly{s ;d:of / To;sf] ;Daf]wg ug]{ ;DaGwdf sflt{s @# df cfof]u kbflwsf/L, ;lrj / g]kfn ;/sf/sf cYf{ ;lrjaLr 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL lbg cfof]u, k//fi6« ;lrj / ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹ dxfzfvf k|d'vaLr dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fdfly -ljz]iftM j}b]lzs /f]huf/;Fu ;Da4 ljifo_ a}7s s]lGb|t /x]sf] lyof] . dª\l;/ # df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cfb]z, km};nf, lg0f{o tyf l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog;DjGwL 5nkmn ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf d'Vo /lh:6«f/, k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nosf ;lrjsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sflt{s @( df cfof]usf] cfof]hgdf sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf sf/fuf/ k|d'v tyf lx/f;t k|d'vx¿sf nflu s}bLaGbLsf dfgj clwsf/ ljifos b'O{ lbg] tflndsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L k'; % df ;DkGg 5nkmn cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf;g;DaGwL lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df ;'/lIft j}b]lzs /f]huf/ ljifodf s]lGb|t lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|ltlglwx¿sf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . o;cnjf k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\sf] sfof{Nfosf ;lrj;lxtsf] 6f]nL;Fu dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{nfO{ s;/L yk k|efjsf/L agfpg] / åGåkLl8t ;dfh / g]kfn ;/sf/sf pRrkb:y clwsf/Lx¿;Fu åGåkLl8tx¿sf] cj:yf / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg GofonfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .

k'; !$ df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;kmn agfpg] pkfosf ;DaGwdf s]lGb|t /xL 5nkmn sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . cfof]u kbflwsf/L, ;lrj / g]kfn ;/sf/sf d'Vo ;lrj, u[x ;lrj, cy{ ;lrj / k//fi6« ;lrjx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ (9th to 11 April 2018) k'; @# df cfof]u / ueg]{G; kml;ln6L g]kfnaLr ;xsfo{;DaGwL ;Demf}tf kqdf x:tfIf/ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . o;cufl8 kl/of]hgf d"Nofª\saf/]df lj:t[t 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;dfkgdf sfg'gdGqL;d]tsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

åGåkLl8tx¿sf] kL8fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ cfof]un] ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng u/]sf] lyof] . JolQm a]kQf kfl/Psf ;DaGwdf 5fglag ug{ ul7t cfof]u / ;To lg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u P]g @)&! df ;+zf]wgsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf] ljw]osdf 5nkmn s]lGb|t lyof] . 5nkmndf sfg'g Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqLn] ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 wf/0ff /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L uËfdfofsf] hLjg/Iffnufot dfgj clwsf/sf ljljw


ljifodfly cfof]un] ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqL;Fu 5nkmn u/]sf] lyof] . ljifoj:t'k|lt ;/sf/ ;sf/fTds ¿kdf k|:t't eof] . xfn cf/f]lkt kL8s kqmfp u/L sf/afxL cufl8 a9]sf] / +uËfdfofn] cgzg tf]8]sf] -cfof]usf dfggLo cWoIfaf6 h'; lknfO{ cgzg tf]8fOPsf]_ cj:yf 5 .

o;sf cnjf cfof]usf dxTTjk"0f{ sfo{qmdx¿df ;/sf/ k|d'v, dGqLx¿nfO{ k|d'v cltly÷cltlysf] ¿kdf cfdGq0f u/L dfgj clwsf/sf hNbfaNbf d'2fx¿dfly Wofgfsif{0f u/fOFb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]u ;'/Iff lgsfoaf6 cfkm" dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu dfgj clwsf/sf ljljw ljifodf x'g] tflnddf ;|f]t JolQmsf ¿kdf ;xefuL x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;fy} ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 x'g] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{qmddf klg ;xefuL agL cfˆgf] wf/0ff k|:t't ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

cfof]u / Gofokflnsf

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[lt ljsf;df Gofokflnsf] e"ldsf ljz]if k|s[ltsf] x'G5 . oxL oyfy{tfnfO{ dgg u/L cfof]un] Gofokflnsf;Fu klg ;dGjofTds

sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;} ;Gbe{df # dª\l;/@)&$ df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cfb]z,

km};nf, lg0f{o tyf l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog;DjGwL 5nkmn sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmndf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf d'Vo /lh:6«f/sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L !$ k'; @)&$ df Ps sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . uf]i7L cfof]usf l;kmfl/; / cbfntsf] km};nf sfof{Gjog cj:yfsf ;DjGwdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{zfnf uf]i7Ldf ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf d'Vo /lh:6«f/n] cbfntsf km};nf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf;DaGwL ljifo k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k|wfg GofofwLzsf] k|d'v cfltYotf / cfof]usf dfggLo cWoIfsf] cWoIftfdf ;f] sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

cfof]u / ;+j}wflgs lgsfo

o; cfof]u / cGo ;+j}wflgs cfof]uaLr dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fdf ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf ljleGg sfo{x¿ x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . cfof]uaf6 o; cfjdf ljz]iftM sfo{ k|s[ltsf cfwf/df ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf ¿kdf /x]sf] nf]s;]jf cfof]u / lgjf{rg cfof]u;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df sfo{x¿ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

o; cfjdf cfof]un] lgjf{rg cfof]u;Fu klg ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fPsf] lyof] . ljz]iftM dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg cg'udgsf ;DaGwdf lgcf / /fdccfaLr ;dembf/Lkqdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] lyof] . ;dembf/Lkqdf dtbftf lzIff tyf dtflwsf/ ;r]tgfsf nflu


cfjZostfg';f/ Psn jf 5'§f5'§} cfjZos ;fdu|L k|sfzg, lgdf{0f, k|rf/÷k|;f/0f, cg'udg cflb sfo{nfO{ ;xhLs/0fsf nflu b'O{ cfof]uaLr cfjZos ;xof]u cfbfg–k|bfg ug]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] lyof] . o;sf ;fy} o; cfof]un] cg'udgaf6 b]lvPsf sdLsdhf]/Lx¿ lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg], ;dfwfgsf nflu cfk;L ;xsfo{ ug]{, dfggLo txdf ;+o'Qm ;+oGq :yfkgf u/L sfo{ ug]{ / If]qflwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug]{nufotsf ljifo ;dfj]z ul/Psf lyP . cfof]usf] cg'udgaf6 k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df lgjf{rgdf b]lvPsf sdLsdhf]/L / ;'wf/df pkfo;lxt tof/ ul/Psf] k|ltj]bg k|sflzt u/L lgjf{rg cfof]unfO{ pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] .

o; cjlwdf klg o; cfof]udf ljleGg txdf l/Qm b/aGbL kbk"lt{;DaGwL sfo{ ePsf] lyof] . cfof]un] kbk"lt{sf nflu lnlvt k/LIffsf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L nf]s;]jf cfof]unfO{ lbPsf] lyof] . ;f]xLcg';f/ nf]s;]jf cfof]un] lnlvt k/LIff lnO{ kl/0ffd;d]t cfof]unfO{ pknAw u/fO{ cfof]un] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sflzt u/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sfo{If]qdf v6fO;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . ;Ël7t ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L;FUf ;DalGwt ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf Joj:yfx¿ clgjfo{ ¿kdf nfu" ug{ egL nf];]cfaf6 o; cfof]udf ;d]t kqfrf/ ePsf] lyof] . /fdccf :yfkgfsf] cfwf/ cfwf/e"t k]l/; l;4fGt / cfof]u ;/sf/L ;+:yfg gePsf] x'Fbf ;f] l;4fGt o; cfof]usf] xsdf nfu" gx'g] egL lnlvt hjfkm k7fOPsf] lyof] . kl5 nf];]cfaf6 ;fdfGo l;4fGt /fdfccfsf] xsdf clgjfo{ ¿kdf nfu" gx'g] a]xf]/f;lxtsf] hfgsf/L u/fPkZrft\ ljjfb ;dfwfg ePsf] lyof] . o;kl5 klg /fdccfsf] cfu|xadf]lhd nf];]cfn] cfof]usf k/LIff;DaGwL sfo{df ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . nf]s;]jf cfof]u;Fusf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf ePsf kbk"lt{;DaGwL sfo{af6 cfof]usf sd{rf/L Joj:yfkg / :yfloTjsf nflu nfdf] ;dob]lv ljBdfg ;d:of ;dfwfgdf ;sf/fTds of]ubfg k'Ug uPsf] 5 .

cfof]u / cGt/f{li6«o ;Ë7gx¿

cfof]un] cfˆgf] sfo{;Dkfbgsf] l;nl;nfdf cGt/f{li6«o ;‹;Ë7gx¿, bft[ lgsfo, ljb]zL b"tfjf;;Fu klg ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . h;df dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf, ;xof]u cfbfgk|bfg, cg'ej ;f6f;f6nufotsf ljifo /x]sf 5g\ . cfof]u cGt/f{li6«o :t/df ;DkGg ljleGg 5nkmn÷tflnddf ;xefuL ePsf] 5 . o; qmddf cfof]usf cWoIf÷;b:oaf6 !$ / ;lrj÷sd{rf/Laf6 !* j6f u/L hDdf #@ j6f sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ePsf] cj:yf 5 .


j}b]lzs tflnd tyf e|d0f;DaGwL ljj/0f

Hon'ble Anup Raj Sharma 1. World Human Rights Cities Forum 2017, Gwangju, Korea, 14-17 Sept 2017

2. 22nd APF Annual Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, 29-30 November 2017

3. GANHRI 2018 Annual Meeting, Geneva, Switzerland, 21-23 Feb 2018

Hon'ble Sudip Pathak 1. ILO, Migration related data statistics, Technical Consultation, Sri Lanka, Colombo 28-29 Nov, 2017,


Hon'ble Mohna Ansari 1. 10 Session of GANHRI on Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous people. Geneva, Switzerland 10-14 July 2017


3. Seminar on Reinforcing regional Cooperation to promote freedom of expression, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 4 Dec., 2017

4. Nineteenth session and ninth pre-sessional working group meeting of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,

Geneva, Switzerland, 17-22 Feb 2018

5. 17th Session of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII 17) UN Head Quarter, New York USA 16-27 April 2018

6. Ministerial to Advance Religious Freedom, United State, Department of State, Washington DC, USA 21-27 June 2018

Hon'ble Govinda Sharma 1. 22nd APF Annual Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, 29-30 November 2017

Paydyal 2. GANHRI 2018 Annual Meeting, Geneva, Switzerland, 21-23 Feb 2018

3. May Event: May 18 Memorial Foundation, Gwangju, Korea 15-20, 2018

Bed Prasad Bhattarai 1. Senior Executive Officers (SEO) Network Roundtable Meeting 29-30 August 2017, Melaka, Malaysia

2. Validation Meeting EU-OHCHR Bridging the Gap project, Geneva, Switzerland 19-20 October 2017


4. GANHRI 2018 Annual Meeting, Geneva, Switzerland, 21-23 Feb 2018

5. Second Validation Meeting EU-OHCHR Bridging the Gap project, Geneva, Switzerland, 19-20 April 2018

6. May Event: May 18 Memorial Foundation, Gwangju, Korea 15-20, 2018

Subodh Pokharel APF Communications Network Collaboration Workshop, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 21-23, November 2017

Tara Devi Wagle APF Blended Learning Course on Monitoring and Reporting, Bangkok Thailand, 9-11 October 2017

Bir Bahadur Budha Magar Seminar on Indigenous Peoples' Rigths for the National Human Rights Institutions, Geneva, Switzerland, 10-12 July

2018,

Kamal Thapa Kshetri 22nd APF Annual Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, 29-30 November 2017

Shyambabu Kafle 7th SAIEVAC Governing Board Meeting and Pre-Technical Session on Child Marriage, Thimpu Bhutan, 10-12 May 2018

Lok Nath Bastola 22nd APF Annual Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, 29-30 November 2017

Som Nath Subedi Nineteenth session and ninth pre-sessional working group meeting of the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,

Switzerland, 17-22 Feb 2018

Durga Pokharel APF Communications Network Collaboration Workshop, Dhaka , Bangladesh, 21-23, November 2017

Santosh Acharya RWI blended learning course on Human Rights, gender equality and environment/climate change in the framework of SDGs,

Colombo, Sri Lanka 25-29 June 2018.

Rewa Regmi Trans Health and Rights Conference: Increasing access to HIV and other health services for trans people, Thailand, Bangkok, 20-22

September 2017,

Kumari Sharana Uraon RWI blended learning course on Human Rights, gender equality and environment/climate change in the framework of

SDGs,

Colombo, Sri Lanka 25-29 June 2018.

Madhu Sunam Innovation for Change 2017 Training Workshop, Bangkok, Thailand, 1-2 December 2017,


o; cjlwdf dfly plNnlvt ljifodf xf8j8{ ljZjljBfnosf ;xfos k|f]km];/, Danish

Institute for Human Rights, c:6]«lnofnL /fhb"t / UN Resident Coordinator ;Fu a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/sf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹Lo ljz]if ;dfwLIfs, /fhgLlts dfldnf;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹sf dxf;lrjsf ;xfos (UN, Assistant Secretary General

for Political Affairs), ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹sf] z/0ffyL{;DaGwL pRrcfo'Qmsf] g]kfnl:yt sfof{nosf (UNHCR) sf k|ltlglw;Fu dfgj clwsf/ ljljw / z/0ffyL{x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L l:j6\h/NofG8 / Go'lhNofG8sf /fhb"t;Fu cfk;L ;xof]u / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfsf af/]df a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

dfggLo cWoIf, ;b:o / ;lrj;lxtsf] 6f]nL The 22nd Annual General Meeting of the

Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions, Bangkok, Thailand df ;xefuL ePsf] b]lvG5 . YffONofG8sf] j}Ísdf UNDP Nepal sf] cfof]hgfdf cfof]lht pRr:t/Lo 5nkmn (High-level dialogue) / ef/tLo dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] e|d0f Pj+ 5nkmn ePsf] cj:yf 5 . cfof]un] 9th to 11 April 2018 df Identifying Challenges, Assessing Progress, Moving Forward: Addressing Impunity and Realizing Human Rights In South

Asia cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf u/L dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf / r'gf}tL ;DaGwdf 5nkmn u/]sf] 5 .

cfof]u / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGq

cfof]un] :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} ;z:q åGå;Fu ;DalGwt ph'/LnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . tL d'2f ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGqdfkm{t ;Daf]wg ug]{ egL lj:t[t zflGt;Demf}tfdf ;d]t pNn]v ePsf] lyof] t/ nfdf] ;do;Dd ;+oGq u7g x'g ;s]g . lj=;+=@)&! Dff3 @& ut] a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag, ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u P]g @)&! sf] cwLgdf /xL b'O{ cfof]usf] u7g eof] . b'j} cfof]unfO{ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ b'O{ jif{sf] ;dofjlw tf]lsPsf] lyof] . tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlwdf cfof]uaf6 cfzftLt sfo{ ;DkGg x'g ;s]g . cGttM cfof]u Dofb :jtM ;dfKt x'g] ePkl5 klxnf] ;+zf]wg cWofb]z @)&$ hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] .

a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmsf] 5fglag, ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u P]g @)&! sf sltko k|fjwfgx¿dfly /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o txaf6 k|Zgx¿ p7fOPsf lyP . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08nfO{ ;Daf]wg x'g] u/L P]g hf/L ug{ cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . clxn] P]gdf ;+zf]wgsf nflu ;/sf/af6 k|oTg eO/x]sf] 5 .


o;} ;Gbe{df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]un];ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf ;Gbe{df ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df /xL sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; cfjdf cfof]un] ;/sf/, /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh, ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo÷åGåsf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf, Gofo÷åGåkLl8t Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu 5nkmn÷cGtlqm{of ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . k'; % df b'j} cfof]usf cWoIf / @! df a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQmx¿sf] 5fglag cfof]usf cWoIf;Fu ljifj:t'df a}7s s]lGb|t lyof] . df3 @@ ut] cfof]un] Ps sfo{qmddfkm{t g]kfndf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofosf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf !! a'Fbfdf cfkm\gf] wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] . h;df uDeL/ k|s[ltsf dfgj clwsf/sf ljifodf kLl8tnfO{ cfddfkmL glbg, P]gnfO{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cfb]z / cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08adf]lhd ;+zf]wg ug{ elgPsf] lyof] . To;}u/L a]kQf, oftgfh:tf uDeL/ ck/fwnfO{ kmf}hbf/L ck/fw dfgL sfg'g lgdf{0f u/L sfg'gL bfo/fdf Nofpg, kLl8t, ;fIfL / k|df0fsf] ;'/Iff ug{–u/fpgdf hf]8 lbOPsf] lyof] .

cfof]u / /0fgLlts of]hgf ;xof]u kl/of]hgf

o'Pgl8kLsf] ;xof]u /x]sf] o; kl/of]hgfn] cfof]unfO{ tflnd÷k|sfzgnufotsf sfo{df cfly{s ;xof]u k'¥ofpb} cfPsf] 5 . o; cfjdf kl/of]hgfsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf cfof]uaf6 gj lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu dfgj clwsf/sf ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt tflnd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;/L ;DkGg ePsf tflndx¿df Intermediate Level Training on ICCPR, CERD, ILO 169, Training on Mental Health and Human Rights Situation, CRPD,

Training on Report Writing ePsf 5g\ . o;sf] ;fy} Training on Accounting and Administrative Management and Advanced Level Training on Leadership and Management

5g\ . o;sf] ;fy} :jf:YosdL{ / dfgj clwsf/ /IfsnfO{ s]lGb|t u/L If]qLo :t/df -lj/f6gu/, kf]v/f, g]kfnuGh / wgu9L_ dfgl;s :jf:Yo / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos tflnd cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] ;DaGwdf gful/ssf] wf/0ffaf/] ;j]{If0f ePsf] lyof] . ;‹Lo zf;g–k|0ffnLdf dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] ;+/rgf s:tf] x'g'k5{ egL lj1af6 cWoog u/fOPsf] lyof] . clje]b / ljljwtf;DaGwL gLlt, hg;Dks{ ;fem]bf/L /0fgLlt / ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf nflu dxf;lGw sfof{Gjog;DaGwL jt{dfg cj:yfaf/] cWoog;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg cg'udg / k|ltj]bg k|sfzgsf nflu klg ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;fy} cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg -g]kfnL / cª\u|]hL—;ª\lIfKt ¿k_ / dfgj clwsf/af/] hfGg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ k|sfzgfy{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] 5 . hgsk'/, s}nfnL, h'Dnf / ;'v]{tdf dfgj clwsf/ lkmNd dxf]T;j ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

kl/of]hgfn] YffONofG8sf] a}ª\ss / ef/tLo dfgj clwsf/ cfof]udf pRr:t/Lo 5nkmn (High-level dialogue) / Identifying Challenges, Assessing Progress, Moving

Forward: Addressing Impunity and Realizing Human Rights In South Asia cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngdf ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] lyof] .


kl/R5]b—;ft

pknlAw, r'gf}tL, ;dfwfgsf ;Defljt pkfo / efjL sbdx?

pknlAw

ljut jif{df em}F o; cfjdf klg cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{x¿ k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . cfof]un] …;a}sf] nflu 3/–3/df dfgj clwsf/ M zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/Ú eGg] cfXjfgnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL o; k|s[ltsf sfo{x¿ ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ;Dkflbt sfo{x¿sf cfwf/df ljljw pknlAwx¿ xfl;n ePsf 5g\ . ltgLx¿ lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ M

ph'/L u|x0f, cg'udg / cg';Gwfg

o; cjlwnfO{ cfof]udf hDdf !%@ ph'/Lx¿ btf{ ePsf 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf $^# k6s cg'dug ePsf] 5 . k'/fgf / gofF u/L #%) ph'/Ldfly cfof]un] cg';Gwfg ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . ph'/Lx¿dfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg ul/Psf @!( kmfon lg0f{osf nflu s]Gb|df k7fOPsf 5g\ .

kLl8tsf ;jfndf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u g]kfnn] ef/tLo dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u;Fu ;dGjo u/]sf] lyof] . ;dGjokZrft\ ef/tsf] dfgjclwsf/cfof]un] ef/tLo ;/sf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg lgb{]zg lbPsf] lyof] . h;cg';f/ ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{af6 dfl/Psf g]kfnL gful/s d's'n /fo ofbjsf] kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fOPsf] lyof] .

ph'/L lg¿k0f / l;kmfl/;

o; cfjdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg ;DkGg ePsf hDdf ##% j6f ph'/Lsf] lg¿k0f ePsf] 5Ù h;df ph'/Lut (@ / gLltut !# u/L hDdf !)% l;kmfl/; ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L tfd]nL !^$, vf/]hL #@ / 6'ª\Uofpg] ! /x]sf 5g\ . hDdf ## ph'/L cª\u k'¥ofO{ k'gM k]; ug'{kg]{ egL pNn]v 5 .

;+j4{g

dfgj clwsf/ ;+j4{gtkm{ klg ljleGg pknlAwx¿ xfl;n ePsf 5g\ . o; cfjdf cof]uaf6 #@$ j6f ;+j4{g;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿ ;DkGg ePsf] b]lvG5 . ljz]iftM Goflos


ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{tkm{ :yfgLo txnfO{ ;Ifd, k|efjsf/L agfpg cfof]u ;xof]uL e"ldsfdf /lxcfPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu cfof]un] tflnd cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;fy} cfof]uaf6 cfGtl/s ¿kdf tflnd, uf]i7L 5nkmn, ;dLIff cflb %( sfo{qmdx¿ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

o; jif{ cfof]un]] dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng ;DkGg u¥of] . ;Dd]ngn] dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngaf6 kfl/t 3f]if0ffkq, @)&$ kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o ckfË dxf;‹;Fusf] ;dGjodf o; cfjdf ;ft} k|b]zdf ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;Dd]ng u/L 3f]if0ffkq hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . o;cnfjf cfof]un] d'n'sdf && lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf;DaGwL ljifodf cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . h;cg';f/ kfFr k|fyldstfsf ljifodf qmdzM dlxnf clwsf/, afn clwsf/, :jf:Yo clwsf/, lzIffsf] clwsf/ / :jf:Yosf] clwsf/ /x]sf 5g\ .

dfgj clwsf/ Pj+ k];fut ;‹;+:yfåf/f cfof]lht dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿df -;|f]t JolQm÷ljz]if1 ;]jf ^^ / k|d'v cltly÷cltly / ;xefuL @)# j6f sfo{qmd_ ;xefuL ePsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljleGg ljifout d'2fdf s]lGb|t /xL /]l8of] sfo{qmd pTkfbg u/L pkTosfleq / aflx/ /x]sf ljleGg PkmPdx¿af6 k|;f/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

k|sfzg

o; cjlwdf k|ltj]bg÷hg{n u/L hDdf !% j6f k|sfzg ePsf 5g\Ù h;df jflif{snufotsf ljifout k|ltj]bg /x]sf 5g\ . ljifout k|ltj]bgdf sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;tdf Dffgj clwsf/ cj:yf, dfgj clwsf/ /Ifssf] cj:yf, :yfgLo tx, k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;ef ;b:o lgjf{rg;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\ . o;}u/L dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|d'v k|fyldstfsf ljifo, l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog / kLl8tsf] cj:yf;DaGwL k|ltj]bg /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} 5fpk8L k|yfn] dlxnfsf] hLjgdf kf/]sf] k|efj, ckfª\tf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf, ls;fgsf] clwsf/ cflb ;DalGwt 5g\ .

dfgj clwsf/ ;+jfxs -q}dfl;s hg{n_ sf] k|sfzgn] dfgj clwsf/sf ljifonfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . o; jif{df hDdf #@ hgf n]vsx¿n] ljljw ljifdf snd rnfPsf 5g\ . Ho]i7 gful/ssf] cj:yf, aGbLsf] dfgj clwsf/, g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df vfB clwsf/ / dfgj clwsf/, /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u / cGo cfof]ux¿aLrsf] cGt/;DaGwsf cfwf/x¿, /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u M l;kmfl/; / sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yfnufot ljifodf cg';Gwfgd"ns n]vx¿ k|sflzt ePsf 5g\ . To;}u/L ;Ldf If]qdf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf, g]kfndf jfbL ;d'bfosf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf,


dfgj clwsf/ / :jR5 ;'g'jfOsf] xsM, dfgj clwsf/sf] k|rngdf b08xLgtfsf c;/x¿, g]kfndf dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/;DaGwL ck/fw / kLl8tsf] Gofodf kx'Fr;DaGwL ljifon] klg :yfg kfPsf 5g\ .

k|];gf]6÷k|];lj1lKt

o; cjlwdf dfgj clwsf/sf ;d;fdlos ljifodf k|];lj1lKt %) / k|];gf]6 !^ j6f hf/L ePsf 5g\ . …zflGt ;Demf}tfsf P3f/ jif{ / dfgj clwsf/Ú dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ngsf] tof/L / 3f]if0ffkq ;fj{hlgs ug]{ ;Gbe{ u/L tLgj6f kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .

hgzlQm Joj:yfkg

o; cfjdf klg cfof]uaf6 nf]s;]jf cfof]usf] ;xof]udf ljleGg kbdf /x]sf l/Qm b/aGbLdf kl/k"lt{sf nflu k/LIff ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5 . cfof]usf] @)&$—@)&% sf] lj1fkgcg';f/ sfo{;Dkfbg d"NofÍgaf6 lgb]{zs $, pklgb]{zs !!, dfgj clwsf/ clws[t @, n]vf÷k|zf;g clws[t ! u/L @) dWo] !* df kbk"lt{ eO;s]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} cfGtl/sdf lgb]{zs !, pklgb]{zs @, dfgj clwsf/ clws[t @, n]vf÷k|zf;g clws[t ! / v'nfdf lgb]{zs @, pklgb]{zs #, dfgj clwsf/ clws[t !* / n]vf÷k|zf;g ! u/L #) kbsf nflu k/LIff ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

;xsfo{ / ;dGjo

/fli6«o

o; cfjdf cfof]un] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjonfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L, u};;, k];fut ;‹;+:yfsf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf $* j6f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\Ù h;df dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f !! / ;+j4{g #& /x]sf 5g\ .

dfgj clwsf/ Pj+ k];fut ;‹;+:yfåf/f cfof]lht dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿df -;|f]t JolQm÷ljz]if1 ;]jf ^^ / k|d'v cltly÷cltly / ;xefuL @)# j6f sfo{qmd_ df cfof]u ;xefuL ePsf] 5 .

cGt/f{li6«o

cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹cGtu{tsf lgsfo, dfgj clwsf/ cfof]ux¿sf] 5ftf

;Ë7g dfgj clwsf/ ;+:yfx¿sf] ljZjJofkL ;~hfn (GANHRI), dfgj clwsf/

cfof]ux¿sf] Pl;of k|zfGt d~r (Asia Pacific Forum- APF) nufot bft[ lgsfo,


/fhb"tfjf;x¿;Fu ;xsfo{ / ;dGjodf sfo{;DkfbgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] 5 .

cfof]usf dfggLo cWoIf, ;b:o / sd{rf/L txaf6 ;do–;dodf 5nkmn, cg'ej

cfbfgk|bfg, tflnd cflbsf nflu cGt/f{li6«o e|d0f x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . o; cfjdf

cfof]usf cWoIf÷;b:oaf6 !$ / ;lrj÷sd{rf/Laf6 !* j6f u/L hDdf #@ j6f

sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ePsf] cj:yf 5 .

xf8j8{ ljZjljBfnosf ;xfos k|f]km];/, Danish Institute for Human Rights, c:6]lnofnL

/fhb"t / ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹Lo cfjf;Lo k|ltlglw;Fu a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . cfk|jf;L

sfdbf/sf] clwsf/sf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹Lo ljz]if ;dfwLIfs, /fhgLlts

dfldnf;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹sf dxf;lrjsf ;xfos, ;+o'Qm /fi6«;‹sf]

z/0ffyL{;DaGwL pRrcfo'Qmsf] g]kfnl:yt sfof{nosf k|ltlglw;Fu 5nkmn ePsf]

lyof] . To;}u/L :jLh/NofG8 / Go"lhNofG8sf /fhb"t;Fu cfk;L ;xof]u / dfgj

clwsf/sf] cj:yfsf af/]df a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

o; cfjdf ePsf] ljz]if / dxTTjk"0f{ csf]{ sfo{ xf] M Identifying Challenges, Assessing

Progress, Moving Forward: Addressing Impunity and Realizing Human Rights in South

Asia International Conference. ;DdfggLo /fi6«kltaf6 ;d'b\3f6g ul/Psf] ;f] ;Dd]ng

tLg lbg rn]sf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngdf kfFrj6f ljifodf lj1x¿af6 sfo{kq k|:t't /

sfo{kqdfly l6Kk0fL ul/Psf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngsf kfFr ljifodf df}lns xs, /fli6«o ;'/Iff

/ dfgj clwsf/ (FUNDMENTAL RIGHTS, NATIONAL SECURITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS),

cfk|jf;g / dfgj clwsf/ (MIGRATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS) tyf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg

Gofo / ;To cfof]u (TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE AND TRUTH COMMISSIONS) lyP .

To;}u/L If]qLo tyf 3/]n' txdf /fli6«o ;+:yfx¿ (NHRIS AT THE REGIONAL AND

DOMESTIC LEVEL), dlxnf tyf cGo ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfox¿sf] clwsf/ (THE RIGHTS

OF WOMEN AND OTHER MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES) nfO{ klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf]

lyof] . ;Dd]ngdf @( a'Fb] Kathmandu Declaration on Addressing Impunity and Realizing

Human Rights in South Asia 11 April 2018 hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] .

r'gf}tL

cfof]un] ljutb]lv g} s'g} g s'g} ¿kdf r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;df

ljz]iftM cfGtl/s / afXo r'gf}tLn] e"ldsf v]n]sf] cj:yf 5 . ljutb]lvsf sltko

r'gf}tLx¿ clxn] klg Ho"Fsf To"F 5g\ . o; cfjdf klg cfof]u r'gf}tLeGbf k/ /xg

g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . cfof]udf b]lvPsf r'gf}tLx¿nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 M


cfof]usf l;kmfl/;sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf sdhf]/

cfof]un] dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g, xgg Pj+ b'?T;fxg ePsf] egL k/]sf ph'/L, gofF / k'/fgf ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fdf cg';Gwfgd"ns cWoognfO{ klg lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] 5 . o;/L ul/Psf cWoog / cg';Gwfgaf6 k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df cfof]un] ;/sf/ jf ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ cfjZos sf/afxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf l;kmfl/;, lg0f{o jf cfb]z sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* sf] bkmf !& pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ df Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . h;df elgPsf] 5 M ;DalGwt kbflwsf/L, JolQm jf lgsfon] ;fdfGotM tLg dlxgfleqdf sfof{Gjog u/L jf sfof{Gjog ug{ cK7\of/f] ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ To:tf l;kmfl/;, lg0f{o jf cfb]z k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] b'O{ dlxgfleq cfof]u;dIf k7fpg'kb{5 . cfof]un] :yfkgfsfnb]lv bf]ifL 7x/ u/L sfg'gL sf/afxLsf nflu ul/Psf l;kmfl/;dfly sf/afxL k|lqmof cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] b]lvFb}gÙ h'g cToGt b'vb kIf xf] . o;af6 k|:6 x'G5M cfof]un] u/]sf pkrf/fTds / ;'wf/fTds l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog kIf cToGt lkmtnf] 5 .

dxfGofoflwjQmf sfof{nosf] kxndf dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf 36gfdf d'2f rnfpg egL u/]sf l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf hl6ntfx¿sf] cWoog u/L ;'emfj k]; ug{ Ps sfo{bn u7g ePsf] lyof] . o;df k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no, dxfGofoflwjQmf / cfof]usf] sfof{nosf k|ltlglw /x]sf lyP . xfn;Dd o;df vf;} k|ult x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf ph'/Lx¿dfly 5fglag jf cg';Gwfg u/L kLl8tnfO{ Gofo k|bfg ug{ ul/Psf pkrf/fTds l;kmfl/; -ph'/Lx¿_ x¿sf] ;ª\Vof *%^ /x]sf] 5Ù h;df !$*# l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 .19 To;}u/L cfj @)&#÷@)&$ ;Dd &! j6f gLltut l;kmfl/; ePsf] b]lvG5 .20 cfof]un] @)%& ;fnb]lv @)&$ ;fn c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf l;kmfl/; / ltgsf] sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf x]bf{ s'n *!) l;kmfl/;dWo] !@=% k|ltzt k"0f{ sfof{Gjog $*=# k|ltzt cf+lzs sfof{Gjog / #(=@ k|ltzt ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] kfOG5 . sfof{Gjog ePsf l;kmfl/;x¿ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg] ljifo;Fu dfq ;DalGwt 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf 36gfdf ;+nUgx¿dfly sfg'gL sf/afxL / 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg u/L sfg'gL sf/afxL ug"{ egL ul/Psf l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . cfof]un] bf]ifL 7x/ u/L sf/afxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; u/]sf JolQmnfO{ ;d]t /fHoaf6 ;Ddfg:j¿k kbs k|bfg

19. cfof]uaf6 ldlt @)&$ k'; & ut] cfof]lht dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cfb]z÷km};nf / l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf / /fHosf] bfloTj ljifos sfo{qmddf cfof]uaf6 k|:t't sfo{kq . 20. P]=P]=


ul/g'nfO{ la8Djgf g} dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 . oL ljifox¿df hglgjf{lrt ;/sf/ Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ ;+j]bgzLn x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

åGåsfnLg ;d:ofsf] cem} ;dfwfg x'g g;Sg'

ljutsf] ;z:q åGå;Fu ;DalGwt ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo;DaGwL d'2fx¿ clxn] klg Ho"Fsf To"F 5g\ . k6s–k6s cfof]usf] Dofb yKbf klg tL d'2fx¿sf] ;Daf]wg ug{ :yflkt ;+oGqx¿ p2]Zodf k'Ug ;Sg] ;Defjgf cToGt} Go"g 5 . clxn];Ddsf sfdsf/afxL x]bf{ b'j} cfof]u b]vfpg jf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ e'ne'n}ofdf /fVgsf lgldQ u7g ul/Psf] k|tLt x'G5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] lg0f{o / cfof]usf] l;kmfl/;adf]lhd P]g ;+zf]wg gx'g', bIf / cfjZos hgzlQm, ;|f]t;fwgsf] cefj, cfGtl/s snx, bnLo :jfy{ cflb sf/0f klg cfof]un] ult lng ;s]sf] 5}g . cfof]udf lj:t[t cg';Gwfg ug{ egL lg0f{o ePsf a]kQf;DaGwL @,%)) / ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]udf k/]sf Ps;6\7L xhf/ 5;o kGw| ph'/Ldfly 5fglag sfo{n] ck]lIft ult lng g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . åGå;Fu ;DalGwt sltko ph'/Ldfly dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf l;kmfl/; klg sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . o;n] Gofo db}{ uPsf] cg'e"lt x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

b08xLgtfsf] ljBdfgtf

d'n'sdf tLg txsf] lgjf{rgkZrft\ ;/sf/ u7g eO;Sbf klg b08xLgtfsf] cj:yf ljBdfg 5 . sfg'g sfof{Gjogsf] lkmtnf] cj:yf / dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf bf]ifL Pj+ ck/fwdf ;+nUgx¿ /fhgLlts ;+/If0fsf sf/0f sf/afxLsf] bfo/fdf cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGqx¿nfO{ lqmofzLn gt'NofOFbf åGå;Fu ;DalGwt d'2fx¿ lsgf/f nfUg] / kLl8tn] Gofo kfpg] ;Defjg cToGt} Go"g b]lvG5 . hDdf cfof]usf l;kmfl/;x¿ !@=% k|ltzt dfq k"0f{ sfof{Gjog x'g'n] klg cj:yf bogLo b]vfpF5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] @)&#—@)&$ sf] k|ltj]bgdf clxn] klg !,!@,!@^.&.) -Ps nfv afx| xhf/ Ps ;o 5AaL; jif{ ;ft dlxgf_ s}b c;'n x'g afFsL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . b08xLgtfsf] o; cj:yfn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gdf r'gf}tL oyfjt\ /x]sf] b]vfp5 .

sfg'g xftdf lng] kl/kf6L

/fhgLlts ¿kdf ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfsf] cGTo ePsf] elgP klg Jojxf/df To;sf] cg'e"lt x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . clxn] klg ;8saf6 cfkm\gf dfu k"/f u/fpg] k|j[lQ ljBdfg 5 . cTofjZos ;]jfdf aGbx8tfnh:tf ljifo ;fdfGo x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . rfx] Tof] lrlsT;sLo ;]jf xf];\ jf ;fj{hlgs oftfoft ;]jf . ;/sf/ / /fHosf ;+oGqn] sfg'gnfO{ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ g;Sbf sfg'g xftdf lng] k|j[lQ df}nfPsf]


5 . dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹gsf bf]ifLx¿dfly sf/afxL gx'g', ;j{;fwf/0fn] sfg'gL zf;gsf] k"0f{tM cg'e"lt ug{ g;Sg'n] klg dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f / ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;n] ult lng g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .

;/sf/af6 cfof]unfO{ ck]lIft ;xof]u k|fKt gx'g'

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg, ;+/If0f, kl/kfng / dfgj clwsf/ ;+:s[lt ljsf;sf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 ck]lIft ;xof]u k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . sfo{qmd ;DkGg ug{sf nflu cfjZostf / cf}lrTotfsf cfwf/df k|fKt x'g] ah]6 klg s6f}tL ul/Psf] cj:yf 5 .

;+ljwfgtM d'n's ;‹Lo ;+/rgfdf uO;s]kl5 cfof]un] 5nkmn u/L cfkm\gf] ljutsf] ;fª\u7lgs ;+/rgfdf ;dofg's"n km]/abn u/]sf] 5 . o;/L cfof]uaf6 lg0f{o eO{ ;/sf/sf] :jLs[ltsf nflu k7fOPsf] cj:yfdf ;/sf/af6 clxn];Dd klg lg0f{o x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . cfof]un] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* df g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgadf]lhd ;dofg's"n ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ ljifo sf/0f;lxt pNn]v u/L k7fPsf]df xfn;Dd klg P]g ;+zf]wg ePsf] 5}g . To;}u/L cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] ;]jf, ;t{ / ;'ljwf;DaGwL P]gsf nflu d:of}bf tof/ u/L k7fPsf]df xfn;Dd cfjZos sf/afxL x'g g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . o;sf] l;wf c;/ cfof]usf] sfdsf/afxL ;~rfng / sd{rf/Lx¿sf] j[lQ ljsf;df k'Ug uPsf] 5 .

/fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx¿sf] sfd / vr{ ckf/bzL{ x'g'

dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf If]qdf sfo{/t /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx¿sf] kf/blz{tfsf ;DaGwdf clxn] ljleGg sf]0faf6 k|Zgx¿ pl7/x]sf 5g\ . sfddf ljZjf; ug]{ ;++:yfx¿n] o;sf] df/ v]Kg'k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . kl/0ffdtM vr{, sfdsf/afxL kf/bzL{ x'g jf agfpg g;Sbf hgdfg;df ;+:yfx¿k|lt gs/fTds ;Gb]z uPsf] 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t sltko ;+:yfx¿sf] p2]Zo k|ltj]bgdf xfl;n ePsf] b]lvg] t/ Jojxf/df ;d:of h:tfsf] t:t} /xg] kl/kf6Ln] klg ;+:yfx¿k|ltsf] ljZj;gLotfdfly k|Zgx¿ hGdfPsf 5g\ .

ljut tLg jif{b]lv cy{ dGqfnosf] j]e;fO6df pNn]v cfof]usf] gfddf bft[ lgsfoaf6 k|fKt ;xof]uaf/] cfof]u g} cgle1 /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . cfof]uaf6 k6s–k6ssf] kqfrf/ x'Fbf klg o; ljifodf 7f]; ;Daf]wg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . k]l/; l;4fGtadf]lhd cfof]usf] cfly{s :jfotQf ;DaGwdf cGt/f{li6«o d~rdf d"NofÍg x'g] / of] /fi6«s} k|lti7f;Fu ufFl;Psf] ljifo x'Fbf To;tkm{ ;/sf/L lgsfo -cy{ dGqfno_ yk ;+j]bgzLn x'g'kg]{ l:ylt 5 . ;/sf/ / ;+j}wflgs cËaLr o:tf ljifo ljjfbsf] ¿kdf /lx/xg' pko'Qm x'Fb}g . ctM b]lvPsf ;d:ofnfO{ ;+jfbdfkm{t lg?k0f ug{ cfjZos 5 .


ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] cefj

cfof]u :yfkgfsfnb]lv ljifd kl/l:yltaf6 u'h|Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfof]un] clxn] klg kof{Kt ef}lts ;|f]t;fwgsf[ cefjdf sfo{ ug'{k/]sf] 5 . lj=;+=@)&@ j}zfvdf cfPsf] e"sDkaf6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] ejg Ifltu|:t eO{ clxn];Dd aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . xfn k'/fgf] ejgsf] cufl8 vfnL /x]sf] hUufdf lk|km\ofj lgdf{0f u/L sfo{ ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . jiff{ df};ddf sfof{noleq kfgL l5bf{ sfdsf/afxLdf afwf kg'{sf ;fy} ef}lts ;DklQdf klg Iflt k'u]sf] l:ylt 5 . cfof]usf cGo sfof{nox¿ klg ef8fdf ;~rfng ug'{k/]sfn] ljljw sl7gfOx¿ cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . hgzlQmsf] t'ngfdf plrt k"jf{wf/ tof/ gx'Fbf cfof]usf] sfdsf/afxLdf afwf k'Ug uPsf] cj:yf 5 .

/fdccf / cGo cfof]uaLr ;DaGw

df}h'bf ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf cltl/Qm dfgj clwsf/;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw /fVg] 5j6f cfof]usf] :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . o;/L u7g ul/Psf cfof]udf /fli6«o ;dfj]zL cfof]u, /fli6«o blnt cfof]u, /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u, cflbjf;L hghflt cfof]u, dw];L cfof]u, yf¿ cfof]u / d'l:nd cfof]u /x]sf 5g\ . /fdccf / oL cfof]uaLrsf] If]qflwsf/, sfo{ k|s[ltsf] af/]df vf;} ax;, 5nkmn ePsf] cj:yf 5}g . oL ljifodf a'emfOut Ps¿ktf b]lvFb}g . o;sf] k|ToIf c;/ sfdsf/afxLdf kg]{ jf cfof]ux¿aLr ljjfbsf] cj:yf /xg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 .

;dGjosf] cefjdf jfl~5t k|ltkmn k|fKt gx'g'

dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fdf clxn] klg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿aLr ;dGjo / ;xsfo{sf] cefj b]lvG5 . kmntM ;/sf/L–;/sf/L, ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L–u}/;/sf/L lgsfoaLr sfd sd, k|ltj]bg a9L / Pp6} sfd bf]xf]l/Psf] cj:yf 5 . cfk;df sfd kG5fpg] dgf]j[lQdf ;'wf/ cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ah]6 lk|mh x'g] x'gfn] clGtd ;dodf sfd x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cGttM nufgL afn'jfdf kfgL vGofP;/x eO/x]sf] 5 / nufgLcg'¿k ck]lIft kl/0ffd k|fKt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

k'/ftg jf ?9LjfbL dfgl;stfsf] ljBdfgtf

g]kfnL ;dfhsf] clxn] klg 7"nf] lx:;f ?9Lu|:t dfgl;stfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . hlt;'s} clwsf/, :jtGqtf, ;dfgtfsf s'/f u/] klg af]S;L, 5fpk8L k|yf / bx]hh:tf s'k|yfaf6 ;dfh d'Qm x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . oL k|yfsf] l;sf/ dlxnfx¿n] aGg'k/]sf] cj:yf 5 . af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf lb;flk;fj v'jfpg], skfn d'8L 3'dfpg], s'6lk6 ug]{ / Hofg lng];Ddsf 3[l0f{t sfo{x¿ clxn] klg eO/x]sf 5g\ . bx]h gNofPsf] jf sd NofPsf] egL s'6lk6 ug]{ hnfpg]h:tf sfo{x¿ clxn] klg eO/x]sf 5g\ . 5fpk8L k|yfdf 5'O{


ePsf] cj:yfdf 3/b]lv aflx/ a:g'kbf{ sltko dlxnfn] Hofg u'dfpg'kg]{ 36gfx¿ ;fdfGoh:t} aGb} uPsf 5g\ .

r'gf}tL ;dfwfgsf ;Defljt pkfox¿

dfly plNnlvt r'gf}tLx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿n] lgDgfg';f/ sfo{ ug'{ cfjZos 5 M

g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{

-s_ ;+ljwfg, P]g, lgod sfof{Gjogsf nflu pko'Qm jftfj/0f to ug{,

-v_ lgdf{0ffwLg P]g, lgod lgdf{0f ubf{ dfgj clwsf/sf d"NodfGotfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug{,

-u_ cfof]usf l;kmfl/;x¿ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfof{Gjog ug{,

-3_ ;+ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGq -a]kQf kfl/Psf JolQm 5fglag / ;Tolg¿k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u_ nfO{ sfdsf/afxL ug{ ;Sg] jftfj/0f -P]gdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg, cfjZos ;|f]t;fwg / bIf hgzlQm pknAwtf cflb_ lgdf{0f ug{,

-ª_ u}/sfg'gL sfo{df ;+nUg jf cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7xl/Psf ;a}nfO{ sfg'gL bfo/fdf Nofpg,

-r_ sfg'gL zf;g / dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ub}{ b08xLgtfsf] cGTo ug{,

-5_ cfof]unfO{ cfjZos cfly{s tyf ejgnufot ef}lts ;|f]t ;fwg pknAw u/fpg,

-h_ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg ;+;b\;dIf k]; u/L 5nkmn ug]{ jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{,

-em_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]gdf ;+zf]wg, dfgj clwsf/ ;]jf ljw]osnfO{ tTsfn ;+;b\af6 kfl/t ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg,

-`_ cfof]usf] gofF ;fË7flgs ;+/rgfnfO{ tTsfn :jLs[t ug{ /

-6_ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{–u/fpg .

/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{

-s_ b08xLgtfnfO{ k|>o glbO{ sfg'gL zf;gsf] ;Ddfg ug{,

-v_ ;+ljwfgnfO{ sfof{Gjosf] txdf n}hfgsf nflu cfjZos kxn ug{

-u_ zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug{sf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ ljz]if ;xof]u ug{ /

-3_ ;‹Lo ;+/rgfcg'¿k dfgj clwsf/sf d'2fdf ;femf cjwf/0ff lgdf{0f u/L cufl8 a9\g .


efjL sbdx¿

dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o ;+:yfsf] x}l;otdf cfof]un] ;+/If0f, ;+j4{g, kl/kfngf / ;+:s[lt ljsf;sf] nflu sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ljz]iftM ;+ljwfg, P]g, lgodfjnL, lgb]{lzsf / cfof]uåf/f th'{df ul/Psf] /0fgLlts of]hgf -@)!%—@)@)_ sf] cfwf/df cfof]u cufl8 al9/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .

ljz]iftM ljutdf ;+ljwfg, P]gdf ;dfj]z dfgj clwsf/sf d"NodfGotfnfO{ cfof]un] s'g xb;Dd ;Daf]wg ug{ ;Sof] < ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ kIfx¿ s]–s] 5g\ < cj;/ / r'gf}tLnufotsf ljifodf yk 5nkmn u/L cufl8 a9\g'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . cfof]u / kLl8t, cfof]u / u};;÷gful/s ;dfh, k];fut ;‹;Ë7g, ;/f]sf/jfnf, cfof]u / ;/sf/, cfof]u / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx¿, bft[ lgsfo cflb ;Fusf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo ;DaGwdf cfzftLt kl/0ffd xfl;n x'g ;s]–g;s]sf] 5nkmn u/L cfufdL /0fgLlt to ug'{ jfG5gLo x'g] b]lvG5 .

d'n's ;‹Lo ;+/rgfdf k|j]z ul/;s]sf] 5 . tLg txdf ;/sf/ lgdf{0f eO{ sfdsf/afxL cufl8 al9/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . dfgj clwsf/sf] cg'e"lt ljz]iftM cfof]usf] lqmofzLntf / ;/sf/sf] k|lta4tf / sfof{Gjogdf lge{/ x'G5 . o;sf] nflu :yfgLo, k|b]z / ;‹Lo ;/sf/;Fu ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo;fy hfg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;+;b\, ;/sf/, ;+j}wflgs lgsfo, /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh, u};; Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ -gful/s_ ;Fusf] ;xsfo{ / ;dGjonfO{ yk prfOdf n}hfg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . o;sf] ;fy} dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt /fli6«o, If]qLo / cGt/f{li6«o ;‹;+:yf÷bft[ lgsfo cflb;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ klg kl/jlt{t ;Gbe{cg';f/ ;dofg's"n / cem dha't t'Nofpgtkm{ cu|;/ x'g'kg]{ l:ylt 5 .

dfly plNnlvt kIfnfO{ x]bf{ cfof]usf cufl8 cj;/ / r'gf}tLx¿ klg 5g\ . o;sf nflu cfof]un] lgDgfg';f/ cfjZos sbd rfNg'kg]{ b]lvG5M

-s_ ;/sf/;Fu ;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;DaGwnfO{ ;'9[9Ls/0fsf] nflu yk kxn ug{,

-v_ dfgj clwsf/ P]g Pj+ cGo dfgj clwsf/;Fu ;DalGwt P]gdf ;do;fk]If ;'wf/sf] nflu yk kxn ug{,

-u_ k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf dfgj clwsf/d}qL sfg'g lgdf{0fdf ljz]if1 ;]jf pknAw u/fpg,

-3_ cfof]usf l;kmfl/;x¿sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ;+oGq lgdf{0fsf] nflu kxn ug{,

-ª_ g]kfn kIf ePsf ljleGg dxf;lGwcg'¿k /fHonfO{ bfloTj lgjf{x ug]{ jftfj/0f lgdf{0fsf] nflu ;xof]u k'¥ofpg,


-r_ dfgj clwsf/sf r'gf}tL ljifodf k|fyldstf egL lgwf{/0f ul/Psf d'2fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ of]hgfut sfo{ cufl8 a9fpg,

-5_ ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;+oGq ck]lIft ¿kdf lqmofzLn x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf efjL lbgdf cfof]un] cjnDag ug'{kg]{ /0fgLlt tof/ u/L cufl8 a9\g,

-h_ /fli6«o, If]qLo / cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo;Fusf] ;DaGwnfO{ ablnFbf] kl/l:yltcg';f/ ljsl;t ug{ .

…3/3/df dfgj clwsf/, zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/ ÛÚ cfXjfgnfO{ ;fy{s t'Nofpg' cfof]usf] bfloTj xf] . ljgfe]befj, h'g;'s} wd{, hft, /ª, j0f{, cfly{s x}l;ot, /fli6otf ;a}sf nflu ;w}Fsf nflu nfu" x'g] dfgj clwsf/sf] s'g} ;Ldf klg x'Fb}g . dfgj clwsf/sf d"ne"t jf :yflkt d"No–dfGotfljgf ;dfgtf, Gofo, dfgj dof{bfsf] kl/sNkgf klg ;Dej x'Fb}g . ctM /fli6«o jf cleefjsLo ;+:yfsf] x}l;otn] cfof]un] ljutaf6 cg'ej lnO{ ;+ljwfg, P]g / /0fgLlts of]hgfdf s]lGb|t eO{ ablnFbf] kl/l:yltcg';f/ cfˆgf sfdsf/afxLx¿nfO{ ;dofg's"n cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . o;sf] nflu cfof]u ;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fu ;xof]u / ;xsfo{sf] ck]Iff ub{5 .


cg';"rL—Ps

cfof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿sf] gfdfjnL

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

1. j]bk|;fb e§/fO{ ;lrj

2. 6Lsf/fd kf]v/]n lgb]{zs

3. o1k|;fb clwsf/L lgb]{zs

4. ab|Lk|;fb ;'j]bL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. afa'sflh s]=;L= ;'/Iff clws[t

6. af;'b]j ahufO{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

7. aL/axfb'/ a'9fdu/ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

8. lbJos'df/ emf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

9. b'uf{ kf]v/]n dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

10. uLtfs'df/L bfxfn dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

11. 3gZofd e08f/L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

12. xl/k|;fb 1jfnL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

13. s}nfzs'df/ l;jfsf]6L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

14. sNkgf a:ofn l3ld/] k|zf;sLo clws[t

15. sNkgf emf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

16. sdn yfkf If]qL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

17. lvdfgGb a:ofn dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

18. s'df/L z/0ff p/fFj dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

19. nIdL /fO{ k|zf;sLo clws[t

20. nf]ss'df/ >]i7 dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

21. nf]sgfy jf:tf]nf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

22. dw' ;'gfd dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

23. dgdfof /fgfdfu/ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

24. dlGb/f >]i7 dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

25. dfofb]jL zdf{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

26. gj/fh ;fksf]6f dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

27. kljqf e08f/L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

28. kDkmfb]jL d}gfnL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

29. /ljtf TjftL ;"rgf k|ljlw clws[t

30. /ljnfn g]kfnL clws[t t[tLo

31. /+lhtf ;fx dfgj clwsf/ clws[t


32. /f/f sdf{rfo{ n]vf clws[t

33. /]ud dxh{g dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

34. l/lbk vgfn ;"rgf k|ljlw clws[t

35. ;Demgf zdf{ k|zf;sLo clws[t

36. Zofdafa' sfˆn] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

37. ;'jf]w kf]v/]n dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

38. ;f]dgfy ;'j]bL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

39. ;'htf nf]xgL clws[t t[tLo

40. z'l;nf l/hfn clws[t t[tLo

41. tf/fb]jL jfUn] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

42. piffls/0f d]3L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

43. ozf]bf a~hf8] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

44. clghs'df/ kl/of/ ;xfos k|yd

45. 8]u/fh e§/fO{ ;xfos k|yd

46. hLt]Gb| sfsL{ n]vfkfn

47. ls/0fk|;fb l3ld/] ;xfos k|yd

48. s[i0fgf/fo0f >]i7 n]vfkfn

49. dl0f/fd yfkf ;xfos k|yd

50. dfof u}/] ;xfos k|yd

51. ldlynfljxf/L x'h]bf/ ;xfos k|yd

52. d'lQm/fd ;'j]bL ;xfos k|yd

53. lgnd kl/of/ ;xfos k|yd

54. kjg e08f/L ;xfos k|yd

55. /fh]Gb|k|;fb Gof}kfg] ;xfos k|yd

56. ;kmnf nfld5fg] n]vfkfn

57. ;fu/ >]i7 ;xfos k|yd

58. ;dg dfgGw/ ;"rgf k|ljlw ;xfos

59. ;Ltf /]UdL ;xfos k|yd

60. afnd's'Gb sfsL{ ;jf/L rfns

61. e/t lu/L ;jf/L rfns

62. eLdaxfb'/ vqL ;jf/L rfns

63. eLdaxfb'/ nfdf ;jf/L rfns

64. s'df/ tfdfË ;jf/L rfns

65. g/axfb'/ 3tL{ ;jf/L rfns

66. /fhs'df/ l3ld/] ;jf/L rfns


67. /fds[i0f yf? ;jf/L rfns

68. /fdz/0f >]i7 ;jf/L rfns

69. ;+u|fdhLt nfdf ;jf/L rfns

70. ofbj kf}8]n ;jf/L rfns

71. vu]Gb| yfkfdu/ ;'/Iff uf8{

72. s[i0f >]i7 ;'/Iff uf8{

73. clhtf 9sfn sfof{no ;xof]uL

74. ljGbf kf08] sfof{no ;xof]uL

75. ljlgtf s]=;L= sfof{no ;xof]uL

76. rGb|snf lji6 lSng/

77. 1fg]Gb| dxh{g sfof{no ;xof]uL

78. lx/fdfof dxh{g lSng/

79. OlGb/f kf]v/]n sfof{no ;xof]uL

80. OGb|axfb'/ ;'jfn dfnL

81. gf/fo0f dxh{g dfnL

82. nfnaxfb'/ nfdf sfof{no ;xof]uL

83. nId0f /f0ff sfof{no ;xof]uL

84. k|df]b /fo sfof{no ;xof]uL

85. /fwf bfxfn sfof{no ;xof]uL

86. /fhg ;fksf]6f sfof{no ;xof]uL

87. /f]lhgf tfdfË sfof{no ;xof]uL

88. ;fljqf d/fl;gL sfof{no ;xof]uL

89. ;ld{nf tfdfË sfof{no ;xof]uL

90. ;/f]h sfsL{ sfof{no ;xof]uL

91. zfGtf ;]9fO{ vs'/]n sfof{no ;xof]uL

92. ;'o{sfGt vltj8f sfof{no ;xof]uL

93. tf/f jf:tf]nf sfof{no ;xof]uL

If]sf

lj/f6gu/

1. d~h' vltj8f /]UdL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t 2. lr/l~hjL sf]O/fnf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t 3. ;Gwfs'df/L k'8f;}gL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t 4. ;Gtf]if cfrfo{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t 5. lvnf /]UdL ;xfos k|yd


6. led;]g yfkfdu/ ;xfos k|yd 7. ljGbf clwsf/L n]vfkfn 8. lji0f' k/fh'nL ;jf/L rfns 9. 1fgrGb| /fhj+zL ;'/Iff uf8{ 10. kbdaxfb'/ >]i7 ;'/Iff uf8{ 11. z]/l;+x bnf{dLdu/ ;'/Iff uf8{ 12. b]j]Gb| /]UdL sfof{no ;xof]uL 13. dy'/f yfkf /]UdL sfof{no ;xof]uL

hgsk'/

1. bLk]Gb|axfb'/ l;+x dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

2. bLks'df/ ofbj dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. bLks sfsL{ n]vf clws[t

4. OGb|hLt ;xgL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. /]vf bQ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

6. /]jf /]UdL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

7. gjnlszf]/ l;+x ;'rgf k|ljlw ;xfos

8. ljef 9'Ëfgf hg;Dks{ ;xfos

9. ;/f]hs'df/ d08n ;jf/L rfns

10. cledGo's'df/ l;+x ;'/Iff uf8{

11. uDeL/sfGt emf ;'/Iff uf8{

12. /fdljgo d08n ;'/Iff uf8{

13. /fdgGbg ;fx sfof{no ;xof]uL

14. zlze'if0f l;+x sfof{no ;xof]uL

kf]v/f

1. gLt' utf}{nf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

2. lvdnfn ;'j]bL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. df]xg sfˆn] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t


4. /]vf jf:tf]nf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. Hof]tLk|;fb l3ld/] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

6. s[i0fk|;fb clwsf/L n]vfkfn

7. ;Gtf]if j/fn ;"rgf k|ljlw ;xfos

8. ljgf]b kl/of/ ;xfos k|yd

9. xl/ tfdfª ;jf/L rfns

10. bfdf]b/ kf}8]n ;'/Iff uf8{

11. b]j' vjf; sfof{no ;xof]uL

g]kfnu~h

1. d'/f/Lk|;fb v/]n lgb]{zs

2. åfl/sfs'df/L clwsf/L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. s''df/L dx/f dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

4. nIdL kf}8]n dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. dfgaxfb'/ sfsL{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

6. 6+sk|;fb vgfn dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

7. ljhof pk|]tL d}gfnL n]vf clws[t

8. clhts'df/ 7fs"/ ;xfos k|yd

9. dlxdf rf}w/L ;xfos k|yd

10. ;'nf]rg rf}w/L ;'rgf k|ljlw ;xfos

11. /]zdaxfb'/ yfkfdu/ ;jf/L rfns

12. e/tl;+x kl/of/ ;'/Iff uf8{

13. u0f]zaxfb'/ a'9fdu/ ;'/Iff uf8{

14. xl/axfb'/ s]=;L= ;'/Iff uf8{

15. ;Gtf]if rGb sfof{no ;xof]uL

16. 6Lsf/fd clwsf/L sfof{no ;xof]uL


wgu9L

1. bLksh+uWjh sfsL{ lgb]{zs

2. em+s/axfb'/ /fjn dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. nIdL kf}8]n dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

4. kjgs'df/ e§ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. e'k]Gb|axfb'/ wfdL n]vfkfn

6. ljb]z/fd rf}w/L ;xfos k|yd

7. ljsf; /fO{ ;jf/L rfns

8. uf]/vaxfb'/ vqL ;''/Iff uf8{

9. g[k zfxL ;'/Iff uf8{

10. z+s//fh kf7 ;'/Iff uf8{

11. aL/axfb'/ ;fx sfof{no ;xof]uL

12. tLn' yfkf sfof{no ;xof]uL

pIf]sf

vf]6fª

1. df]xgb]j hf]zL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

2. clDasf l3ld/] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. ;'ldqfb]jL /fO{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

4. ufoqL vqL n]vfkfn

5. /flhjs'df/ s0f{ ;xfos k|yd

6. cDa/axfb'/ /fjn ;'/Iff uf8{

7. 1fgaxfb'/ bfxfn ;'/Iff uf8{

8. o'j/fh l/hfn sfof{no ;xof]uL


a'6jn

1. a'4gf/fo0f ;xgL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

2. clg;s'df/ kf}8]n dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. rGb|sfGt rfkfufO{+ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

4. bLks 7fs'/ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. sNkgf g]kfn cfrfo{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

6. ;Demgf lwdfn n]vfkfn

7. ljdnf g]kfnL -nfv]_ hg;Dks{ ;xfos

8. 3gZofd yf? rf}w/L ;jf/L rfns

9. uf}td /0fkfn ;'/Iff uf8{

10. xl/k|;fb nfld5fg] ;'/Iff uf8{

11. ;'o{dl0f rf}w/L ;'/Iff uf8{

12. d]g'sf kf]v/]n sfof{no ;xof]uL

13. 6Lsf/fd kGyL sfof{no ;xof]uL

h'Dnf

1. /d]zs'df/ yfkf dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

2. wg/fh zfxL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. /d]z /fjt dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

4. g/]Gb| vqL n]vfkfn

5. hLjg dxt ;'/Iff uf8{

6. anl;+ ;'gf/ sfof{no ;xof]uL


;fg]kf

1. hfoZj/ rfkfufO{ dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

2. bLks g]kfnL dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

3. lbkf cfrfo{ clwsf/L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

4. hLjg Gof}kfg] dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

5. >L/fd clwsf/L dfgj clwsf/ clws[t

6. lgd{nf jf]u6L n]vfkfn

7. cl:dtf kf]v/]n ;'rgf k|ljlw ;xfos

8. nf]sgfy l3ld/] ;xfos k|yd

9. >L/fd sfsL{ ;jf/L rfns

10. k||]ds'df/ rf}w/L ;'/Iff uf8{

11. k|lbk ;'j]bL sfof{no ;xof]uL


cg';"rL—b'O{

;fª\u7lgs ;+/rgf


cg';"rL—tLg

o; cfjdf cfof]udf k/]sf ph'/Lx¿

dfl;s ph'/L

dlxgf

s]Gb|Lo sfof{no

If]qLo sfof{nox¿ pkIf]qLo sfof{nox¿

hDdf

nlntk'/ la/f6gu/ hgsk'/ g]kfnu~h wgu9L kf]v/f ;fg]kf vf]6fª a'6jn h'Dnf

;fpg !$ — # — @ @ — @ $ — @&

Efbf} % — — ! — — — — @ — *

c;f]h @ — ! — — — — ! ! — %

sflt{s — — ! — — @ — ! ! — %

dª\l;/ — @ — — — — — — ! — #

Kf'; & ! — — @ ! !! — — @ @$

Dff3 @ ! — — — — % — @ — !)

Kfmfu'g — # ! — ! — @ — % — !@

Rf}t — # ! — — — $ — ! — (

j}zfv — % — — — @ * — — — !%

h]7 — * @ — ! — @ — @ ! !^

c;f/ @ # — — ! — * — # ! !*

hDdf #@ @^ ( ! & & $) $ @@ $ !%@


dxf;lGwdf cfwfl/t ph'/Lx¿

s|=;= dxf;lGw ljifo s]sf If]sf pkIf]sf hDdf nlntk'/ la/f6gu/ hgsk'/ kf]v/f g]kfnu~h wgu9L ;fg]kf vf]6fª a'6jn h'Dnf

!= gful/s÷ /fhgLlts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

Gofok|zf;g $ * @ ! — — * ! !$ — #* wDsL÷b'Jojxf/ — — @ — — ! #÷

!Ö$— — — &

u}/sfg'gL y'gf @ ! — ! ! — ! — — ! & hLjgsf] clwsf/ # ! @ # — # @ @ ! @ !( s}bLaGbLsf] clwsf/

— — ! — — — — — — — !

lj:yflktsf] clwsf/

! — — — — — — — — — !

:jtGqtf÷ ;ef– ;Dd]ngsf] clwsf/

— — — — — — #÷!Ö$

— — — $

l:ylt c1ft — — — — — — — — @ — @ ;"rgfsf] xs ! — — — — — — — — — !

@=

cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

:jR5 jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/

— ! — — — — — — — — !

;+:sltdfly k|xf/ — ! ljjfxsf]

— — — — @ — — — #


clwsf/vfB clwsf/ — — — — — — ! — — — ! cfjf;sf] clwsf/ — !

— — — — — — — — !

;DklQsf] clwsf/ ! ! — — — — — — @ :jf:Yosf] clwsf/ # — — — — — — — — — # lzIffsf] clwsf/ — — — — — ! — — — — ! pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/

! — — — — — — — — — !

#= oftgf tyf qm"/ cdfgjLo Jojxf/lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

Tf];|f] lnª\uLdfly b'Jo{jxf/

!

— — — — — — — — — !

zf/Ll/s÷ Dffgl;s oftgf

%

@ — — — ^

— — — !#

$= afn clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

afn clwsf/ ! ! ! — ! ! % zf/Ll/s b08 — — — — — ! ! — ! #

%=

dlxnf clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

sfo{:yndf b'Jo{jxf/

! — — — — — ! — — — @

af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf s'6lk6

— ! — — — ! — — — — @

Dflxnf lx+;f @ # — — — — # — — ! ( anfTsf/ — — — — — — @ — — — @

^= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / ( ! — — — — ! — — — !!


ltgsf kl/af/sf] clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

&= JolQm a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{lj?4sf] cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

— — — — — — @ — — — @

*= ;a} lsl;dsf hftLo e]befj pGd"ng ug]{ ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

— ! — — — — ! — @ — $

(= ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o dxf;lGw

— — — — — — — — — — —

!)= cGo21 @ !

— — — — — !

! Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/

— %

hDdf #@ @^ ( & ! & $) $ @@ $ !%@

21. Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/ b'O{, Dffgj a]rlavglj?4sf] clwsf/ / z/0ffyL{sf] clwsf/df PsPs u/L hDdf rf/ ph'/L /x]sf 5g\ .


cg';"rL—rf/

cg'udg ljj/0f

s]sf, nlntk'/

qm=;= cg'udgsf] ljifo cg'udg ldlt :yfg s}lkmot

! lx/f;t sIfsf] cj:yf @)&$÷$÷@( lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, g'jfsf]6

@= nIdL ljsnfO{ g]kfn k|x/L c:ktfn / dxfgu/Lo k|x/L kl/;/ sfnLdf6L s]Gbdf k'g{M:yfkgf ug{] ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷%÷@! sf7df8f}F cfof]u / dlxnf k'g:yf{kgf s]Gb| -cf]/]s_ sf] ;xsfo{

#= :yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rgk"j{ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷@*—^—#

k;f{

$= Kff6g dfgl;s c:ktfndf la/fdL / s'?jfnfO{ ;f:tL ePsf] eGg] k|sflzt ;dfrf/ ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷^÷! nlntk'/

% lqljljsf] u]6df sf7df8fF} pkTosfnufot ^) cfª\lus SofDk;x¿sf k|fWofksx¿sf] cfd/0f cg;g ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷^÷!& sf7df8f}F

^= af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf s'6lk6af6 3fOt] dlxnfsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷^÷@% lzIf0f c:ktfn, dxf/fhu~h, sf7df8f}F

&= Jfftfj/0f k|b'if0f / jftfj/0fd}qL ljsf;sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷!&—@& s}nfnL, s~rgk'/, afFs], alb{of, bfª / Ko'7fg

hDdf 5 j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

*= k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -klxnf] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/

@)&$÷*÷*—!$ Wfflbª


cj:yf

(= k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -bf];|f] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!(—@# l;/fxf

!)= k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -bf];|f] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!(—@^ s~rgk'/

!! k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -bf];|f] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!(—@# gjnk/f;L

!@ k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -bf];|f] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!(—@# dsjfgk'/

!# k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -bf];|f] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷@)—@@ nlntk'/

!$ k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg, @)&$ -bf];|f] r/0f_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷@) sf7df8f}F / eQmk'/

hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg .

dfggLo ;b:o k|sfz j:tL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ lnnL yfkf;lxt dfgj clwsf/ clws[tsf] 6f]nL

!% —ljsf; / jftfj/0fsf] cj:yf

—dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

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sf7df8f}F / g'jfsf]6

hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

!^ h]i7 gful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!!÷!# nlntk'/

!& sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;tsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!!÷@(—!@÷%

Wflbª / sfe|]knf~rf]s

sf/fuf/ b'O{ / lx/f;t b'O{ u/L hDdf rf/ j6f


cg'udg ;DkGg

!* j[4f>d tyf x]/rfx s]Gbdf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷$—( lrtjg, tgx' / gjnk/f;L

hDdf tLg j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

!( sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;tsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷!!—!& g'jfsf]6 / /;'jf


@) t/fO{ kmf:66«ofssf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷!@÷!$ —!&

nlntk'/

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@)&%÷!÷!#—@# wgs'6f, /;'jf, ;'g;/L / df]/ª

hDdf rf/ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

@@ Jfftfj/0f / ljsf;sf] clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷!&—#! bfª, ?kGb]xL, slknj:t' / kfNkf


—df=;b:o ;'lbk kf7s;lxtsf] 6f]nL

@# sf/fuf/ / s}bLaGbLsf] cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷( sf7df8f}F

If]sfx¿22

la/f6gu/


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@)&$÷$÷#)—#@ df]/ª, ;'g;/L / emfkf

hDdf tLg cg'udg ;DkGg

@ —l;‹Lof vf]nfdf cfPsf] af9Laf6 k|efljt If]qsf afl;Gbfx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

—af9Laf6 k|efljt dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf ls|ofzLn ;+:yf jk/8]ssf] sfof{nosf] cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷! la/f6gu/, df]/ª

hDdf b'O{ cg'udg ;DkGg

22.cfof]usf] ldlt @)&% c;f/ * ug] a;]sf] a}7sn] If]qLo sfof{nox¿nfO{ k|b]z sfof{no agfpg] egL lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .


# dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷$—!) Onfd

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@)&$÷%÷!( la/f6gu/, df]/ª

% dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f

@)&$÷%÷@!—@^ kfFry/ / tfKn]h'ª


^ lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgsf af9L k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ / /fxt ljt/0fsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷ @$—@% ;'g;/L

& k/LIff lbgaf6 ;d]t jl~rt

@)&$÷^÷! Ok|sf, b'xjL, ;'g;/L

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@)&$÷^÷@% Gff]a]]n c:ktfn, la/f6gu/, df]/ª

( dfgj a]rlavg / /f]syfdsf k|of;x¿sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷*—!# emfkf

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@)&$÷&÷!% jLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg w/fg, ;'g;/L


!# pDd]bjf/ dgf]gogsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷!^ df]/ª

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@)&$÷&÷@!—@^ ;'g;/L / df]/ª hDdf b'O{ cg'udg ;DkGg

!% !! jlif{o afns nId0f l;jfsf]6Lsf] xTof ePsf] elgPsf] 36gf ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷&÷@@ emfkf

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@)&$÷&÷@# lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no,df]/ª

!& Dffgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fyldstf If]qlgwf{/0f

@)&$÷&÷@*—*—$ wgs'6f / t]x|y'd


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@)&$÷*÷&—!@ tfKn]h'ª, kfFry/ / ;ª\v'jf;ef

hDdf tLg cg'udg

!( k|b]z ;ef / k|ltlglw ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgk"j{, lgjf{rgsf] lbg / lgjf{rgkl5sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!(—@# emfkf, df]/ª, ;'g;/L, wgs'6f, t]x|y'd / Onfd

hDdf 5 cg'udg ;DkGg

@) h'jf v]n]sf] egL /ftsf] ;dodf u}/sfg'gL ¿kdf kqmfp u/L /fv]sf] ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷(÷!@ Ok|sf, dx]Gb|gu/, ;'g;/L

@! k|x/Laf6 afn >lds k|of]u ul/Psf] eGg] ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷(÷!# Ok|sf, dx]Gb|gu/, ;'g;/L

@@ Ps k|x/L xjNbf/af6 lg3f{t s'6lk6

@)&$÷(÷!$ 3/fg, ;'g;/L

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@)&$÷(÷@#—@% wgs'6f

@$ k|x/L lx/f;tleq @)&$÷(÷@^ Ok|sf,


cfTdxTof u/]sf] elgPsf] 36gf ;DaGwdf

uf}/Lu~h, emfkf

@% rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog tyf k|ult cj:yf

@)&$÷!)÷!%— @! lkmlbd, kfFry/

@^ /fli6«o;ef lgjf{rg @)&$÷!)÷@# la/f6gu/, df]/ª

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@)&$÷!)÷@# ;'g;/L

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@)&$÷!)÷@#—!!÷!

t]x|y'd

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@)&$÷!!÷^—& ;'g;/L

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@)&$÷!!÷* Dff]/ª

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@)&$÷!!÷(

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hDdf b'O{ cg'udg

## sf/fuf/ / s}bLaGbLsf] cj:yf

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lhNnf sf/fuf/ sfof{no, df]/ª

#$ Wjlg k|b"if0faf6 :yfgLo tyf ;j{;fwf/0fsf]

@)&$÷!@÷@)—@! l;4L ljgfos KnfOp8 k|f=ln=,


:jf:Yodf c;/ kg{ uPsf] egL k|fKt ph'/L ;DaGwdf

emfkf

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hDdf b'O{ cg'udg;DkGg

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@)&%÷!÷^

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@)&%÷!÷@!

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$! d+uf]n g]zgn cu{gfOh]zgsf kfFr hgf g]tf÷sfo{stf{ kqmfpkl5sf] cj:yf

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@)&%÷@÷!) lhk|sf,df]/ª

$# xf]6ndf afn >dsf] cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷!$ ky/L zlgZr/] ahf/, df]/ª

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@)&%÷@÷!$ df]/ª


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@)&%÷@÷!% df]/ª

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@)&%÷@÷!&—@) emfkf, df]/ª / ;'g;/L


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@)&%÷)@÷!& Og?jf gkf ^, ;'g;/L

$* lx/f;tsf] cj:yf @)&%÷)@÷@& lhk|sf, Onfd

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%! afnljjfxkZrft\\ uef{j:yfsL aflnsfsf] :jf:Yo cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷! df]/ª

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@)&%÷#÷!@—!$ ;'g;/L

hgsk'/


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@)&$÷$÷@@—@^ u?9f gkf, /f}tx6

@= lhNnfdf dlxnfx¿sf] cj:yf @)&$÷%÷!—& pbok'/

#= Aff9Laf6 k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷#—( ;Kt/L, l;/fxf, ;nf{xL, /f}tx6,

hDdf 5 j6f cg'udg


af/f / k;f{ ;DkGg

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@)&$÷%÷@)—@^ pbok'/

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hDdf cf7 j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

&= lhNnfdf :jf:Yo cj:yf / ;]jf k|jfxsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷^÷@@—@# l;/fxf / ;Kt/L

*= lhNnfdf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷^÷@#—@& ;nf{xL

(= lhNnfdf n}ª\lus ;dfgtfsf] cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷!%—!& dxf]Q/L

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@)&$÷(÷&—!) ;'k/ UoFf; k|fln, jL/~h

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@)&$÷!!÷!#—!& k;f{, af/f / /f}6x6


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@)&$÷!@÷&—!% ;Kt/L,

l;/fxf,

dxf]Q/L / wg'iff


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!^ dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw sfof{Gjog cj:yf

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hDdf tLg j6f cg'udg


;DkGg

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@)&%÷@÷@$—@^ pbok'/

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kf]v/f


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@)&$÷$÷@^ sf:sL

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@)&$÷%÷!@ tgx'F

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—lhNnfdf s'dfn hfltsf] lzIffsf] clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷^÷@@b]lv @*

Affun'ª / kj{t hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

^= Dflxnfsf] k|hgg clwsf/ tyf dlxnf clwsf/

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@)&$÷*÷*—!@ Affun'ª / DofUbL hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg


dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

(= cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ cg'udg

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@)&%÷@÷$ / ^ sf:sL


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@)&%÷@÷$ / % sf:sL

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—bfOhf] gNofPsf] lgx'Fdf

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!)= lzj;]gf / b]zeQm JolQmsf] gfdaf6 :j= >L % jL/]Gb|sf] zflns k'g:yf{kgfkl5 zflGt;'/Iffsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷%÷!^ g]kfnu~h, afFs]

!! lzj;]gf / b]zeQm JolQmsf] gfdaf6 :j= >L % jL/]Gb|sf] zflns k'g:yf{kgfkl5 k|x/Laf6 kqmfp ul/Psf !! hgfnfO{ oftgf lbPsf] elgPsf] ;DaGwdf

@)&#÷%÷!&

afFs]

!@ sf/fuf/sf Ps s}bLnfO{ cGo s}bLn] s'6lk6 u/]sf] elgPsf] 36gf ;DaGwdf

@)&#÷%÷#) afFs] sfufuf/, afFs]

!# ef/ttkm{af6 g]kfn kmls{g] g]kfnL gful/sx¿dfly gfsfdf ;'/IffsdL{sf] Jojxf/

@)&#÷^÷!^ hd'gfx gfsf, afFs]

!$ n}lËs ;dtf / clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&#÷^÷& alb{of

!% ;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿df dlxnf cf/If0f ;L6sf] l:ylt

@)&#÷^÷*

g]kfnu~h, a;kfs{, afFs]


!^ —n}lËs ;dtf / clwsf/sf] cj:yf

—lx/f;tsf] cj:yf

—gu/kflnsfsf] ef}lts ;+/rgf

—sfof{noaf6 k|jflxt ;]jfsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷^÷( —lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, alb{of

— u'nl/of gkf, alb{of

—lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, alb{of


!& n}lËs ;dtf / clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&#÷^÷!) afFs] g]skf -Pdfn+]_, g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_, g]sf, gofF zlQm / g]lj;+

!* n}lËs ;dtf / clwsf/sf] cj:yf

— dlxnf afnaflnsf sfof{no, ;xsf/L l8lehg sfof{no, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹

@)&#÷^÷!! afFs] hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

!( n}lËs ;dtf / clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&#÷^÷!@ afFs] lhlj;, An" 8fOd08 ;f];fO6L, kmfltdf kmfp08];g, dlxnf afnaflnsf sfof{no

@) —s}bLaGbLsf] ¿kdf /x]sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] cj:yf

—k|x/L lx/f;tsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷*÷(—@% t'n;Lk'/ / 3f]/fxL sf/fuf/


@! :jtGq dw]; ;dy{s -;Ls] /fpt_ sf] h'n'; / kqmfp u/L k|x/L lx/f;tdf /flvPsf sfo{stf{sf] cj:yf

@)&#÷*÷!) / !$ afFs]

@@ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹sf] @)&#÷*÷@$—@* ;'v]{t


¥ofnLdf lgwg ePsL aflnsfsf] 36gf ;DaGwdf

@# —d'l:nd ;d'bfosf] h'n'; k|bz{g / :yfgLoaLr ePsf] em8kkl5sf] cj:yf

—d6]lxof uflj;sf d'l:nd wd{u'?sf] d[To';DaGwL 36gf

@)&#÷(÷^ d6]lxof, afFs] hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

@$ n}lËs lje]b / cfTdxTofsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷(÷!)—!! b}n]v / ;'v]{t hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

@% ;/sf/L sfof{noaf6 k|jflxt ;]jfsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷(÷!&—@@ ?s'd lhk|sf, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, hg:jf:Yo sfof{no, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt, lhNnf c:ktfn, sf/fuf/, lx/f;t, dlxnf ljsf; tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, lhNnf cbfnt, lhNnf lzIff sfof{no / :yfgLo zflGt ;ldltsf] sfof{no

@^ dfgj a]rlavglj?4sf sfo{, dfOtL g]kfn / 1fg g]kfnsf] lgu/fgL s]Gb|x¿sf] cj:yf

@)&#÷!)÷!#—!$ hd'gfx gfsf, afFs]

@& /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] ;Ldfdf /x]sf jfl;Gbfsf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&#÷!)÷!#—!$ alb{of /fli6«o lgs'~h, alb{of

@* ljBfnosf] ;du| cj:yf @)&#÷!)÷!(—@$ e]/L k|flj hfh/sf]6 / lqe'jg cfwf/e"t dflj,



hfh/sf]6

@( — lhNnf sf/fuf/sf] cj:yf

— lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf] lx/f;tsf] cj:yf

— /fli6«o lgs'~r ;]]km'S;'08f] lx/f;tsf] cj:yf

— s}bLaGbLsf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

— vfB ;+:yfsf] uf]bfdsf] cj:yf

— lhNnf hg:jf:Yoaf6 ljtl/t cf}ifwLsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷!)÷@&—!!—%

8f]Nkf hDdf 5 j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

#) dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf

@)&#÷!!÷ b}n]v Dff= uf]ljGb zdf{, kf}8]nsf] pkl:ylt =

#! —lhNnfdf tnfsL dlxnfx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/

—aflnaflnsfx¿sf] lzIffsf] cj:yf

@)&#÷!!÷!! afFs] hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

#@ Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf] clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&#÷!!÷!%—@) Ko"7fg

## t/fO{ s]lGb|t bnx¿åf/f cfof]lht aGbdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&#÷!@÷! afFs]

#$ tnfsL dlxnfx¿sf] cj:yf @)&#÷!@÷& afFs]

#% k/LIff Joj:yfkgsf] tof/L @)&#÷!@÷&

dfWolds lzIff k/LIff af]8{, afFs]

#^ —hftLo e]befjsf] cj:yf

—lgjf{rgk"j{ -dgf]gog_ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!÷!$—@) ;Nofg / ?s'd



#& —afn clwsf/sf clwsf/sf] cj:yf


@)&$÷!÷!$—@) b}n]v hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

#* —;fd"lxs clwsf/sf] cj:yf


@)&$÷!÷!%—@!

Hffh/sf]6


#( lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!÷@&—@—# ;'v]{t

$) lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!÷@&—@—# ?s'd, ;Nofg, b}n]v, hfh/sf]6, x'Dnf / 8f]Nkf

hDdf 5 j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

$! Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ;jfn lgwf{/0f / dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷@÷!*—@!

/f]Nkf

$@ —Dffgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf


@)&$÷@÷!*—@!

Ko"7fg


$# — cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f:s[lts clwsf/sf] cj:yf


@)&$÷@÷#)—#—% bfª hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

$$ — pkef]Qmf clwsf/sf] cj:yf


@)&$÷@÷#)—#—% /f]Nkf hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

$% — Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf If]q lgwf{/0fdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf


@)&$÷@÷#)—#—% alb{of hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

$^ lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ @)&$÷#÷!)—!% /f]Nkf, Ko"7fg, hDdf 5 j6f


cj:yf bfª, ?s'd, afFs] / alb{of

cg'udg ;DkGg

If]sf, wgu9L


! af9Laf6 k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷$÷@( / #@ ebf} !, @ / %

6Lsfk'/, ehgL, kbdk'/, s}nfnL


@= pkef]Qmf clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷@*—^—@ s}nfnL / s~rgk'/


#= af9Laf6 k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷^÷#–$ lqgu/ eG;f/ gfsf, wgu9L a;kfs{ s}nfnL / u8\8frf}sL, s~rgk'/


$= af9Laf6 k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷^÷^ s}nfnL / s~rgk'/


% :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] clwsf/ @)&$÷&÷!&–!( s~rgk'/ ^= d'Qm sd}of tyf

sdnx/Lsf] cj:yf @)&$÷&÷!&—@^ s}nfnL

&= k|ltlglw tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷*—!# bfr'{nf, aemfª / a}t8L


*= k|ltlglw tyf k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!(—@$ s}nfnL, s~rgk'/ / 8f]6L


(= dlxnf lx+;fsf] cj:yf @)&$÷!)÷@#–@( c5fd

!)= @)&@ ebf} & df s}nfnLdf ePsf] 36gfsf cf/f]lkt /f]zd rf}w/L nufot @$ hgfn] s}nfnL lhNnf sf/fuf/df cfd/0f cg;g

@)&$÷!!÷@#

s}nfnL

!!= af]S;Lsf] cf/f]df ePsf] s'6lk6 ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷!!÷@%—@* 3f]8f3f]8L, s}nfnL

!@= k|x/L lx/f;t sIf tyf sf/fuf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷!%—!& a}t8L / 88]Nw'/f hDdf b'O{ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg


!#= lhNnfsf] dx]Gb|gu/ gkf !@ l:yt ux'FjfnLdf dxfsfnLsf] gx/sf] kfgLn] k'¥ofPsf] Iflt ;DaGwdf.

@)&%÷!÷!# s~rgk'/

!$= lhNnfdf dlxnf lx+;fsf] cj:yf

@)&%÷!÷!#—!& s}nfnL / s~rgk'/


!%= tLg j6f j[4f>dx¿sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷!$— !^ s}nfnL / s~rgk'/


!^= —k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 k|efljtx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

—ljZjJofkL cfjlws k|ltj]bg tyf dxf;lGw sfof{Gjog cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷@$— #) s}nfnL / s~rgk'/


!&= ljkb\ tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷!—@ bfr'{nf

!*= dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf]

@)&%÷#÷$ 88]Nw'/f

!(= dfgl;s :jf:Yo tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷!(—@$ s}nfnL / s~rgk'/


pIf] sfof{nox¿23

vf]6fª


! k|ltlglw tyf k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷*—!@ Vff]6fª

@= k|ltlglw tyf k|b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷*—!$ ;f]n'v'Da', cf]vn9'Ëf / Eff]hk'/


#= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/ @)&$÷*÷*—!$ dlxnf, :jf:Yo,

23. cfof]usf] ldlt @)&% c;f/ * df a;]sf] a}7sn] pIf]sfnfO{ k|b]z zfvf sfof{no ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .


k|fyldstfsf ljifo lzIff nufotsf sfof{no, Eff]hk'/

$= hftLo e]befjlj?4sf] clwsf/ tyf blnt clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!)÷!!—!$ vf]6fª

% a;f]af; ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ xgg ePsf] elgPsf] 36gf ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷!!÷!@—!% vf]6fª

^= Uf/La, ls;fg dhb'/ Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ pkef]usf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷!$—!* cf]vn9'Ëf

&= pkef]Qmf clwsf/ / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷!÷!$— @) vf]6fª

*= pkef]Qmf clwsf/ / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷!^— !( cf]vn9'Ëf

(= ;/sf/L, ;fd'bflos / lghL ljBfnosf] cj:yf

—c:ktfnsf] cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷%— !! vf]6fª hDdf rf/ j6f cg'udg ;DkGg

a'6jn


! lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷$÷!*—@@ lrtjg

@ of}g ;DaGw /fv]sf] cf/f]kdf o'jtLnfO{ aLr ;8sdf lgd{d s'6lk6;DaGwL 36gf

@)&$÷$÷^ / ( dr{jf/, ?kGb]xL

# k|fs[lts k|sf]kdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷$÷@( ?kGb]xL / gjnk/f;L hDdf b'O{ cg'udg ;DkGg

$ ef/L jiff{tsf] sf/0f af9Laf6 kLl8tx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷!—@ gjnk/f;L

% —cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / @)&$÷%÷!!—!* slknj:t' hDdf b'O{


ltgsf kl/jf/sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

—dfgj clwsf/ k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

slknj:t' / c3f{vfFrL

cg'udg ;DkGg

^ —sf/fuf/ / ToxfF /flvPsf s}bLaGbLsf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

—lx/f;t / ToxfF /flvPsf aGbLx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷%÷@%—#! —lhNnf sf/fuf/ zfvf, gjnk/f;L

—lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, lrtjg


&= pDd]bjf/ dgf]gogsf lbg dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷!$–!* kfNkf, u'NdL / c3f{vfFrL


*= pDd]bjf/ dgf]gogsf lbgdfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷!%–!& gjnk/f;L

(= pDd]bjf/ dgf]gog sf lbg dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷!%–!& ?kGb]xL /

slknj:t'


!)= Aff]6] afnaflnsf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!–# kfNkf

!!= lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!%—!^ gjnk/f;L, ?kGb]xL, slknj:t', c3f{vfFrL, u'NdL / kfNkf

hDdf 5 cg'udg ;DkGg

!@ lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!&—@@ slknj:t', u'NdL, c3f{vfFrL, kfNkf, gjnk/f;L / ?kGb]xL

hDdf 5 cg'udg ;DkGg

!# 3/]n' lx+;f -s;"/ ;hfo_P]g @)^^ sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf / k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

@)&$÷(÷@@–@* lrtjg, gjnk/f;Lk"j{ / klZrd\


!$ sf/fuf/ tyf lx/f;t cg'udg

@)&$÷!)÷)&—!# slknj:t' / ?kGb]xL hDdf b'O{ cg'udg ;DkGg

!% Ho]i7 gful/s clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!)÷!$—!( ?kGb]xL / gjnk/f;L klZrd\



!^ afnu[x tyf OF6fe§fdf afnclwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!)÷@$—!!÷!

gjnk/f;L k'j{÷klZrd / lrtjg


!& u}/sfg'gL xTof @)&$÷!!÷( ?kGb]xL

!*= dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf @)&$÷!!÷@!—@# gjnk/f;L klZrd\

!(= kLl8t dlxnfsf] p4f/ sfo{ ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷!!÷@!—@# gjnk/f;L klZrd\

@)= dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf @)&$÷!!÷@$–@^ ?kGb]xL /

slknj:t'


@!= dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf @)&$÷!@÷#—$ lrtjg

@@= —afnu[xsf] cj:yf

—OF§fe§fdf afnclwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷!$–!( ?kGb]xL /

slknj:t'


@#= k|x/L lx/f;tsf] cj:yf @)&%÷!÷@^—@÷! kfNkf,

u'NdL /

c3f{vfrL


@$= Jfftfj/0fsf] clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷!*—@÷@@

?kGb]xL

@%= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷@÷!(—@÷@!

gjnk/f;L

@^= k|fs[lts k|sf]kdf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷@—* ?kGb]xL / gjnk/f;L hDdf b'O{ cg'udg ;DkGg

@&= HfftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5'tsf] cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷!$—@) slknj:t'

h'Dnf


! lx/f;t / lx/f;tdf /flvPsf aGbLx¿sf] cj:yf

@)&$÷$÷@& lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, h'Dnf

@= ;f+:s[lts hfqf s[i0f ci6dL Pj+ nfv] hfqf

@)&$÷$÷#)—#!

h'Dnf


#= Affn u[xsf] cj:yf @)&$÷%÷@* dfof ;bg Affnu[x, h'Dnf

cfof]u, ;xfos k|lhc, lhNnf k|x/L k|d'v / dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no k|d'v;lxtsf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nLaf6 cg'udg

$= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf tyf dfgj clwsf/ sf k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f

@)&$÷%÷@#—^—$

x'Dnf

% Ps afn>lds -!! jlif{o gfafns_–sf] p4f/

@)&$÷^÷! h]gL P08 hl:dg xf]6n, h'Dnf

cfof]u, :yfgLo k|zf;g / dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{nosf] ;+o'Qm kxndf

^ k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷% h'Dnf

& s}bLaGbLx¿sf] cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷ &÷@)—@#

lhNnf sf/fuf/ zfvf, sflnsf]6

* h]i7 gful/sf] clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷*—!# d'u'

( Affn ljjfx / ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/

@)&$÷ &÷@)— @#

sflnsf]6 cfof]u, ls8f{s g]kfn / ;]e b lrN8|]g;Fusf] ;xsfo{df

!) k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgk"j{ g]kfsf -dfcf]jfbL_ ljKnj ;d"x sf sfo{stf{nfO{ k|x/L lx/f;tdf lnOPsf] ;DaGwdf

@)&$÷*÷$ h'Dnf

!! k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷* —!%

d'u'

!@ k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷* —!%

sflnsf]6


!# k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷( —!#

h'Dnf

!$ j8f ;b:odfly s'6lk6 @)&$÷(÷!@ h'Dnf

!% k|x/Laf6 p4f/ ePsf @) hgf afnaflnsfx¿sf] :jf:Yo cj:yf

@)&$÷(÷@^ h'Dnf k|x/Laf6 p4f/ ePsf @) hgf afnaflnsfx¿sf] cj:yfaf/] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nol:yt dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf ;]ndf cg'udg . cfof]usf] pkl:yltdf cljefjsnfO{ ;DemfO–a'emfO{ u/L afnaflnsf lhDdf nufPsf] / cf/f]lktnfO{ d'2f rnfpg cfu|x ul/Psf] .

!^ lhNnfdf afn clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷%—!)

sflnsf]6

!& ;LdfGts[t tyf blnt ;d'bfosf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷!@÷!&—!(

d'u'

!* lhNnfdf cfly{s ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] cj:yf

@)&%÷!÷#)—@—$

h'Dnf clwsf+z ljBfnodf b/aGbL cg'¿k lzIfs–lzlIfsf gePsf] Pj+ :jf:Yorf}sL df lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ul/g] cf}ifwLsf] cefj /x]sf] .

!( rfdnsf] d"No;"rL lgwf{/0f gx'Fbf pkef]Qmf vl/b ug{af6 jl~rt

@)&%÷@÷@) vfB ;+:yfg, h'Dnf

@) afn clwsf/sf] cj:yf @)&%÷@÷!&—@#

h'Dnf

@! pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&%÷#÷^ —!) sflnsf]6 pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/cGtu{t vfB k|bfy{x¿ u'0f:t/, j:t'cg';f/ d'No lgwf{/0f, ;fdfg ag]sf] ldlt, ;lsg] ldlt, n]anlnª


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!= a]kQf @)&$÷^÷#—( ?kGb]xL / slknj:t'

?kGb]xL / slknj:t'df b'O{÷b'O{ u/L rf/ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

@= —Gofok|zf;g—&

—;DklQ sAhf

—hftLo lje]b

@)&$÷^÷@#—@( gjnk/f;L, ?kGb]xL / slknj:t'

?kGb]xL tLg, slknj:t' / gjnk/f;L b'O{÷b'O{ Gofok|zf;g / gjnk/f;L ;DklQ sAhf / hftLo lje]b Ps u/L gf} ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

#= —;DklQsf] clwsf/

—Gofok|zf;g—@

@)&$÷!)÷@#—@(

gjnk/f;L hDdf tLg j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

$+ —lzIffsf] clwsf/

—Gofok|zf;g—%

@)&$÷!!÷!)—!^

slknj:t'

hDdf 5 j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

%= —hLjg/Iff—!

—a]kQf—@

@)&$÷!@÷!@—!(

?kGb]xL hDdf rf/ j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

^= –;DklQsf] clwsf/—&

—/f]huf/Lsf] clwsf/

@)&$÷!@÷@%—#)

slknj:t'

slknj:t' ;ft / ?kGb]xL Ps u/L hDdf cf7 j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

&= —lzIffsf] clwsf/

—Gofok|zf;g—@

@)&%÷!÷#—* ?kGb]xL hDdf tLg j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

*= Gofok|zf;g @)&%÷!÷@^—@—!

?kGb]xL


h'Dnf

qm= ;=


!= —tTsfnLg g]skf –dfcf]jfbL_–åf/f xTof—# —tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfåf/f xTof —tTsfnLg g]skf –dfcf]jfbL_–sf sfo{stf{ åf/f oftgf—@ —k|x/Laf6 lx/f;tdf oftgf

@)&%÷%÷@#–@&

x'Dnf

hDdf ;ft j6f ph/Lx¿sf] cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

@= —;]gfåf/f xTof —lj:yflkt_ —;]gfåf/f kqmfpkZrft\\ a]kQf_ —oftgf—@

@)&$÷*÷!#—(—!(

d'u'

hDdf kfFr j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

#= —dfcf]jfbLåf/f xTof — k|x/Ln] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL xTof —;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf

@)&$÷(÷*–!$

sflnsf]6

hDdf tLg j6f ph'/Lx¿dfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

$= —xTof —n'6kf6 —afn kf]if0f eQf lngaf6 jl~rt —oftgf

@)&%÷!÷@!—@^ h'Dnf hDdf rf/ j6f ph'/Lx¿dfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

%= xTof—@

@)&%÷@÷#!—#÷% h'Dnf hDdf b'O{ j6f ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

^= —s'6lk6 u/L xTof –JolQmut_ —;'/IffsdL{x¿åf/f xTof —k|x/Ln] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL ;f]xL sf/0f ePsf] SofG;/af6 d[To' — k|x/Ln] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL xTof —;'/IffsdL{åf/f 3/df cfuhgL—@ —3/df n'6kf6_ —lghL 3/df cfuhgL

@)&%÷@÷#!—#—%

sflnsf]6

hDdf ;ft j6f ph'/Lx¿dfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg


;fg]kf, nlntk'/

qm=;+= cg';Gwfgsf] ljj/0f—ljifo cg';Gwfg ldlt :yfg s}lkmot != —u}/sfg'gL k|s[ofaf6 3/ vfnL

u/fpg] sfo{ — hLpwgsf] ;'/Iff —afnfh'df gfnLdf k/L d[To' / ;fdfv';Ldf gfnLdf k/L 3fOt] cj:yf

@)&$÷&÷ nlntk'/ dgkf, nlntk'/ / sf7df8f}F

hDdf tLg ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

@= of}g b'Jo{jxf/ @)&$÷&÷!% sfe|] #= ;femf k|sfzgsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf]

;dfgtfsf] xs —lzIffsf] clwsf/ pNn‹g

@)&$÷*÷ nlntk'/ hDdf b'O{ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

$= —;}lgsaf6 oftgf —ufF;, jf;, skf;sf] Joj:yf

@)&$÷(÷ sf7df8f} hDdf b'O{ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

%= zflGt;'/Iff @)&$÷(÷% sf7df8f} / eQmk'/ hDdf b'O{ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

^= oftgf @)&$÷(÷!^ s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/, sf7df8f}

&= ;'gJoj;foLx¿n] kfl/>lds glbPsf]

@)&$÷(÷@* sf7df8f}

*= k|x/Laf6 kqmfpkZrft\\ a]kQf @)&$÷!)÷ sf7df8f} (= ha/h:tL d]; x6fOPsf]

;DaGwdf @)&$÷!!÷ sf7df8f}

!)= oftgf @)&$÷!!÷ s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/, sf7df8f}

!!= ad]{nL z/0ffyL{nfO{ 7]s]bf/n] >dafktsf] /sd glbPsf]

@)&$÷!@÷! sf7df8f}, nlntk'/

!@= k|x/Laf6 oftgf @)&$÷!@÷@ sf7df8f} / eQmk'/ d]nldnfk u/fOPsf]

!# tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{af6 JolQm xTof

@)&$÷!@÷@% wflbª

!$= tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{af6 JolQm xTof

@)&%÷!÷@ nlntk'/ / l;Gw'kfNrf]s

hDdf b'O{ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg


!%= tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfaf6 xTof

@)&%÷!÷% sf7df8f}

!^ —:jf:Yosf] sf/0f sf/fuf/ :yfgfGt/0f —dlxnf cfof]uaf6 If]qflwsf/ gf3L sfd

@)&%÷!÷ sf7df8f} hDdf b'O{ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

!& u}/sfg'gL kqmfp / a]kQf @)&$÷!@÷ nlntk'/ !* tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfaf6

xTof @)&%÷!÷!( l;Gw'nL

!( tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{af6 JolQm xTof

@)&%÷!÷@) l;Gw'kfNrf]s

@) —ad agfpg] qmddf b'O{ hgfsf] d[To' —tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{af6 JolQm xTof—#

@)&%÷@÷@—( sf7df8f} / g'jfsf]6L

hDdf rf/ ph'/Ldfly cg';Gwfg ;DkGg

@!= O:nfdL ;‹sf cWoIf km}hfg cxdbsf] xTof

@)&%÷@÷@—( sf7df8f}

@@= tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{af6 JolQm xTof

@)&%÷@÷@—( dsjfgk'/

@#= k|x/Laf6 kqmfpkZrft\\ uf]nL xfgL xTof

@)&%÷@÷@—( l;Gw'nL

;'/IffsdL{af6 kqmfpkZrft\\ uf]nL xfgL xTof

@)&%÷@÷@—( sf7df8f}, pbok'/

@$= tTsfnLg g]ksf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] yfk]sf] PDa'; lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf d[To'

@)&%÷@÷@—( sf7df8f}

@%= ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL tLg hgfsf] xTof

@)&%÷@÷@—( bf]nvf

@^= ;]gfn] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL Ps d[To' / Ps 3fOt]

@)&%÷@÷@% sf7df8f}

@&= tTsfnLg g]ksf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{af6 s'6lk6

@)&%÷@÷@% bf]nvf


cg';"rL—5

;+j4{g;DaGwL ultljlw

s]sf, nlntk'/

qm=;= ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot != dfgj clwsf/

k|lzIf0f @)&$÷$÷!#—!(

kj{t :yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿ u/L &% hgf ;xefuL

Dff= uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofnsf] pkl:ylt

@= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷$÷!#—!(

sf:sL :yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿ u/L &) hgf ;xefuL

P]= P]=

#= dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷$÷#@ cfof]usf] ;efxn, nlntk'/

gl;{Ë cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿ u/L !% hgf ;xefuL

P]= P]=

$= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷%÷!$—!^

kgf}lt gkf, sfe|]knf~rf]s

:yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

P]= P]=

%= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷%÷!$—!^

a]yfgrf]s, sfe|]knf~rf]

:yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

P]= P]=

^= dfgl;s :jf:Yo / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos tflnd

@)&$÷%÷!(—@#

g]kfnu~h, afFs]

dfgl;s :jf:Yo / dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{x¿

P]= P]=

&= kfgLsf] Joj:yfkg tyf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL tflnd

@)&$÷%÷@( cfof]usf] ;efxn, nlntk'/

kfgLsf] Joj:yfkg, ljt/0f ;]jfdf sfo{/t ;/sf/L lgsfo nufot kfgLsf] If]qdf lqmofzLn ljleGg u}/;/sf/L tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo / cfof]usf sd{rf/Lx¿ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL

*= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷^÷@$—@%

ag]kf gkf, sfe|]knf~rf]s

;~rf/sdL{x¿ -$* hgf_ ;xefuL

(= cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;DaGwL k|lzIfs÷k|lzIf0f tflnd

@)&$÷^—( sf7df8f}F lrtjg, gjnk/f;L, bf]nvf, wflbª, g'jfsf]6, ndh'ª, lhNnfdf cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ u/L #&


hgf ;xefuL !)= dfgl;s :jf:Yo /

dfgj clwsf/ tflnd

@)&$÷^÷@(—#!

hgsk'/ dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

!!= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷)÷!&—!*

sf7df8f}F ;~rf/sdL{x¿ -$$ hgf_ ;xefuL

Dff= cWoIf cg"k /fh zdf{ / df= ;b:o uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofn;d]tsf] pkl:ylt

!@= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷&÷*— (

gu/sf]6, eQmk'/

sf7df8f}F, eQmk'/ / nlntk'/ lhNNffsf lgjf{lrt :yfgLo lgsfosf pkk|d'vx¿ u/L #& hgf ;xefuL


!# dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng

@)&$÷&÷@^—@&

:6fkm sn]h hfjnfv]n, nlntk'/

b]ze/sf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿ u/L @!& hgf ;xefuL

cfof]usf df= cWoIf÷;b:o, ;lrj, cu|h dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / lhNnfdf sfo{/t ^^ lhNnfsf dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿sf] pkl:ylt

!$= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷*÷$ l;Gw'kfNrf]s ;~rf/sdL{x¿ / dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL

!%= cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;

@)&$÷*÷@$ nlntk'/ ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a} lgsfo tyf JolQmx¿ u/L @)) hgf ;xefuL

;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf, dGqLx¿, ;ef;b\x¿, ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v,


kbflwsf/L, ljb]zL s'6gLlt1, /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, k]zf Joj;foL, ;~rf/sdL{sf] pkl:ylt

!^ dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷*÷* bf]nvf ;~rf/sdL{ / dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ u/L #^ hgf ;xefuL

!& dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷*÷( /fd]5fk ;~rf/sdL{x¿ / dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ u/L @& hgf ;xefuL

!* ljsf;df dfgj clwsf/ k2lt, afnclwsf/, ;'zf;g;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷(÷( nlntk'/ nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsf, dxfnIdL gu/kflnsf / uf]bfj/L gu/kflnsf sf gjlgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx¿ u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

Dff= uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofnsf] pkl:ylt

!( cfof]usf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf af/]df hfgsf/L ;fy} cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!)÷!! cfof]usf] ;efxn, nlntk'/

l;8\gL ljZjljBfno / sf7df8f}F :s"n ckm n sf ljBfyL{x¿ u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

@) dfgj clwsf/ lzIff tflnd

@)&$÷!)÷!&—!(

sf7df8f}F k|x/L clws[tx¿ $^ hgf ;xefuL

@!= dfgj clwsf/d'vL ljsf; k2lt ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷!)÷@!—@$

sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnfsf :yfgLo lgsfosf k|ltlglwx¿

@@= dfgj clwsf/ / ;~rf/;DaGwL tflnd

@)&$÷!!÷# dGynL, /fd]5fk

;~rf/sdL{x¿ -$) hgf_ ;xefuL

@#= dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f;DaGwL k|lzIf0f

@)&$÷!!÷@^—!@÷#

cfof]usf] ;efxn, nlntk'/

:yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿, ;~rf/sdL{x¿ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL


@$= ljBfno kf7Øqmd;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷! dGynL, /fd]5fk

lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L, >f]t JolQm, ljBfno lg/LIfs ;xefuL

@%= ljBfyL{x¿aLr cfof]usf] k|j4{gfTds ultljlw ;DaGwdf 5nkmn tyf ;"rgf cfbfgk|bfg

@)&$÷!@÷%


cd]l/sL ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿ ;xefuL

@^= :yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿;Fu cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷!@


nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfsf hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

@&= :yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷!@÷!$—@)

l;Gw'nL :yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

@*= sf7df8f}F :s"n ckm n sf ljBfyL{x¿;Fu cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷@!


sf7df8f}F+ :s"n ckm n ljZjljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿ ;xefuL

@(= dfgj clwsf/ kf7\oqmd k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL k/fdz{ a}7s

@)&%÷!÷!@ nlntk'/ lzIff tyf lj1fg k|ljlw dGqfnosf k|d'v tyf kbflwsf/L, hgs lzIff ;fdu|L s]Gb|sf k|d'v, lzIff If]qdf lqmoflzn lj1x¿, >f]t JolQm, ljBfno lg/LIfs, lzIfs u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL


#)= :yfgLo lgsfosf] Goflos clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&%÷!÷!(—@@

sfe|]knf~rf]s :yfgLo lgsfodf Goflos clwsf/sf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg'ePsf] hgk|ltlglwx¿

#!= cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷@÷* eQmk'/ lzIfs, dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿

#@= cfof]usf] !*cf}+ jflif{sf]T;j

@)&%÷@÷!# nlntk'/ dGqL, ;ef;b\, ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'v, kbflwsf/L, ljb]zL s'6gLlt1, /fhgLlts bnsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{, dfgj


clwsf/sdL{, k]zfJoj;foL, ;~rf/sdL{sf] pkl:ylt

##= dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL tflnd

@)&%÷@÷@) —@$

wflbª dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿sf] pkl:ylt

#$= dfgj clwsf/ k|lzIf0f, ;~rf/ / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL tflnd

@)&%÷@÷@* —#—* ;Dd

a'6jn, u'NdL / kfNkf

:yfgLo ;~rf/sdL{ / dfgj clwsf/sdL{sf] pkl:ylt

—df= ;b:o uf]ljGb zdf{ kf}8\ofn;d]tsf] pkl:ylt —tLg lhNnfdf tLg j6f sfo{qmd ;DkGg

If]sfx¿

la/f6gu/

qm=;= ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot != of}lgs tyf of}lgs

cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfosf] xsclwsf/;DaGwL Ps lbj;Lo cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷$÷%

cfof]usf] ;efxn, la/f6gu/

of}lgs tyf of}lgs cNk;ª\Vos ;d'bfosf] xsclwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{x¿

;xsfo{Mcfof]u / lgnxL/f ;dfh, sf7df8f}F

@= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL If]qLo ;Dd]ng

@)&$÷$÷!^— !&

la/f6gu/, df]/ª

lhk|sf, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, lh;;sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ / clwsf/sdL{ u/L hDdf !)@ hgf ;xefuL

#= dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷^ Onfd ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -@ hgf dlxnf, $% hgf k'?if_ u/L hDdf $& hgf ;xefuL

$= cfof]udf ljleGg ldltdf btf{ ePsf -oftgf, dlxnf

@)&$÷%÷!$

ef]s|fxf ufkf %, ;'g;/L,

d'l:nd ;d'bfo -dlxnf !#@ / k'?if @)_ u/L hDdf !%! hgf ;xefuL


clwsf/ afn clwsf/nufot_ sf ph'/Ldfly cGtlqm{of

%= dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0fsf nflu cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@$

tfKn]h'ª ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf * / k'?if $!_ u/L hDdf $( hgf ;xefuL

^= dfgj clwsf/sf] ablnbf] cj:yf / dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿sf] e"ldsf ljifos If]qLo e]nf

@)&$÷%÷@$—@%

e]8]6f/, wgs'6f

emfkf, df]/ª, ;'g;/L, l;/fxf, ;Kt/L / wgs'6f lhNnfsf ljleGg u};;sf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf !$ / k'?if !*_ u/L hDdf #@ hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u / dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs kl/ifb\, la/f6gu/

&= dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0fsf nflu cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@%

kfFry/ ljleGg ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf % / k'?if $)_ u/L hDdf $% hgf ;xefuL

*= jfn clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@&

df]/ª Hof]lt k|flj Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf÷;b:o, j8f cWoIf lgldQ=k|wfgfWofks Pj+ ljBfyL{-dlxnf @% / k'?if %)_ u/L hDdf &% hgf ;xefuL

(= ckfª\utf ePsf JolStx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL k|fb]lzs ;Dd]ng

@)&$÷^÷@&—@*

df]/ª emfkf, df]/ª, ;'g;/L, Onfd, tfKn]h'ª, kfFry/, wgs'6f, t]x|y'd, pbok'/ / ef]hk'/ lhNnfsf ;/sf/L / u};;df sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{ -dlxnf #& / k'?if %&_ u/L hDdf ()


hgf ;xefuL !)= dfgj clwsf/ /

vfB clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷^÷#)

uf}/Lu~h ufkf @, emfkf

ufkf pkfWoIf, sfo{sf/L clws[t, j8f cWoIf, k|x/L, ljBfnosf lzIfs :yfgLo jf;LGbf -dlxnf !^ / k'?if $@_ u/L hDdf %* hgf ;xefuL

!!= dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷!

lh;;, ;efxn, t]x|y'd

lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf @ / k'?if $!_ u/L hDdf $# hgf ;xefuL

!@= dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷#

lh;;, ;efxn, wgs'6f

lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf ( / k'?if #!_ u/L hDdf $) hgf ;xefuL

!# /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] /0flglts of]hgf -@)!%—@)_ sfof{Gjog k|efjsfl/tf / gful/s ck]Iff;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷%

w/fg, ;'g;/L

lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf !& / k'?if @#_ u/L hDdf $) hgf ;xefuL

!$= dfgj clwsf/sf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f, cf;f;fFc Pj+ k|ltlglw ;ef tyf k|b]z ;ef lgjf{rgsf ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷*

lhk|sf ;efxn, ;ª\v'jf;ef

lhNnfl:yt /fhgLlts bn, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw -dlxnf % / k'?if $)_ u/L hDdf $% hgf ;xefuL

!%= n}lËs ;dfj]zLs/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷!!

s'Djfos ufkf, kfFry/

;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, :yfgLojf;L -dlxnf #^ / k'?if $_ u/L hDdf $) hgf ;xefuL

!^ afnaflnsf tyf @)&$÷*÷ la/f6gu/, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;xsfo{M


ljBfno zflGtIf]q cjwf/0ff sfof{Gjogsf nflu k|lta4tf

!%

df]/ª ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, lzIff If]q;Fu ;DalGwt JolQmTj, cljefjs, ;~rf/sdL{, :yfgLojf;L -dlxnf !& / k'?if $)_ u/L hDdf %& hgf ;xefuL

cfof]u / afnaflnsf zflGt If]q /fli6«o cleofg

!& k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg, dtbfg :yn / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifodf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷@)

bds, emfkf ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yf, ko{j]Ifs ;+:yf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, Joj;foL, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, ;~rf/sdL{ -dlxnf @! / k'?if !^_ u/L hDdf #& hgf ;xefuL

!* k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg, dtbfg :yn / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifodf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷@)

;nsk'/, df]/ª u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yf, ko{j]Ifs ;+:yf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, Joj;foL, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, ;~rf/sdL{ -dlxnf @( / k'?if !&_ u/L hDdf $^ hgf ;xefuL

!( k|ltlglw ;ef / k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg, dtbfg :yn / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifodf cGtlqm{of.

@)&$÷*÷@)

w/fg, ;'g;/L

;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yf, ko{j]Ifs ;+:yf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, Joj;foL, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, lzIfs, labfyL, ;~rf/sdL{ -dlxnf !& / k'?if #*_ u/L hDdf %% hgf ;xefuL

@) k|ltlglw ;ef / @)&$÷*÷ wgs'6f ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L tyf


k|b]z ;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgdf lgjf{rg, dtbfg :yn / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifodf cGtlqm{of

@)

u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yf, ko{j]Ifs ;+:yf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, Joj;foL, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, lzIfs, labfyL, ;~rf/sdL{ -dlxnf ^ / k'?if !&_ u/L hDdf @# hgf ;xefuL

@!= ^( cf}F cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷@$

la/f6gu/, df]/ª

;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yf, ko{j]Ifs ;+:yf, /fhgLlts bnsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, Joj;foL, :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, ;~rf/sdL{ -dlxnf %$ / k'?if **_ u/L hDdf !$@ hgf ;xefuL

@@= dfgj clwsf/;Da GwL j[Qlrq 5fofª\sg

@)&$÷!@÷&

emfkf lgb]{zs tyf snfsf/ ;fy} bz{sx¿ -!@ dlxnf !& k'?if_ u/L hDdf @( hgf ;xefuL

@#= dfgj clwsf/;Da GwL j[Qlrq 5fofª\sg

cfof]usf] sfof{no, la/f6gu/, df]/ª

@)&$÷!@÷@! lgb]{zs tyf snfsf/ ;fy} bz{sx¿ -% dlxnf !# k'?if_ u/L hDdf !* hgf ;xefuL

@$= dfgj clwsf/sf cfwf/e"t ljifoj:t' tyf cfof]usf ph'/L Joj:yfkg tyf cg';Gwfg k|s[ofsf ;DaGwdf cled'vLs/0f

g]kfn /]8s|; ;f];fO6L pkzfvf sfof{nosf] ;efxn, j/fx, ;'g;/L

@)&$÷!@÷!* dfgj clwsf/sdL{, /]8qm;, gkfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿

;xsfo{M cfof]u, /]8s|; / j/fx gu/kflnsf, ;'g;/L

@%= dfgj clwsf/d}qL ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ljifos cled'vLs/0f

O6x/L, ;'g;/L

@)&%÷!÷!%—!^

;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL ;~rf/sdL{ -!% dlxnf / @& k'?if_ u/L $@ hgf;xefuL

@^= dfgj clwsf/ d}qL vfFbaf/L, @)&%÷!÷!&— ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L


;]jfk|jfx ;DaGwdf cled'vLs/0f

;ª\v'jf;ef,

!* ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL ;~rf/sdL{ -& Dflxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

@&= dfgj clwsf/ / ;+ljwfg ljifos 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{of

lkmsn, Onfd

@)&%÷@÷$

dfWolds ljBfnosf lzIfs, lzlIfsf / ljBfyL{x¿-#) dlxnf / @# hgf k'?if_ u/L hDdf %# hgf ;xefuL

@*= /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] !* cf}+ jflif{s :yfkgf lbj;

la/f6gu/, df]/ª

@)&%÷@÷!#

k|b]z g+= ! sf dfggLo d'Vo dGqL, jg dGqL, ;fdflhs ljsf; dGqL, k|b]z ;efsf pk;efd'v, ;ef;b, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt df]/ªsf k|d'v, k|b]z dGqfnosf ;lrjx¿, ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, ufkf / gkfsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, ljleGg ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL / ;~rf/sdL{ -@* dlxnf / (* hgf k'?if_ u/L hDdf !@^ hgf ;xefuL

@(= ljBfnodf afnaflnsfnfO{ lbOg] zf/Ll/s b08;hfosf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{of

ky/L zlgZr/] dflj, df]/ª

@)&%÷@÷@) lzIfs / sIff ( df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿ -!( dlxnf / @# k'?if_ u/L hDdf $@ hgf ;xefuL

#)= n}lËs ;dfgtf ;dfj]zLs/0f ljifos cGtlqm{of

l;ªlkm|ª ^, Onfd

@)&%÷@÷@* ;fd'bflos jg dlxnf pTyfg ;d"xsf kbflwsf/L, :yfgLojf;L -


## dlxnf / * k'?if_ u/L hDdf $) hgf ;xefuL

#!= ljZj jfn>dlj?4sf] lbj;sf] cj;/df Ps lbg] cled'vLs/0f ky/L xf]6n Joj;foL tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿;Fusf] ! lbg] cled'vLs/0f

ky/L pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹, ky/L

@)&%÷@÷#! ;xsfo{ M ky/L zlgZr/] gu/ afn Snj ;~hfn, gkf sfof{no, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹ / xf]6n Joj;foL ;‹

hgsk'/

qm=;= ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot

!= :YffgLo txsf] lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 ul/g] cg'udg tyf ko{j]If0f;DaGwL ;dGjofTds cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@# wg'iff, hgsk'/

Gfful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, dlxnf clwsf/ /Ifs, ;~rf/sdL{ -& dlxnf / @& k'?if_ u/L #$ hgf ;xefuL

@= lzIffsf] clwsf/sf] cj:Yff / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] e'ldsf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@% hgtf dflj, ljb]x, wg'iff,

ljBfnosf lzIfs–lzlIfsf, ;~rf/sdL{ / dfgj clwsf/sdL{ -$ dlxnf / $) k'?if_ u/L $$ hgf ;xefuL

#= kqsf/ e]63f6 @)&$÷%÷#) wg'iff hgsk'/

ljleGg ;~rf/dfWoddf sfo{/t -# dlxnf / !* k'?if_ u/L @! hgf ;~rf/sdL{ ;xefuL

Dff= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7ssf] pkl:ylt

$= 3/—3/df dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷!#—!&

;nf{xL :yfgLo txsf kbflwsf/L lzIfs, :jf:YosdL{ / ;j{;fwf/0f -@% dlxnf / &@ k'?if_ u/L (& hgf


;xefuL

%= dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷!#—!&

;nf{xL k|x/L k|zf;g k|d'v, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw

u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

^= dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷!#—!%

dxf]Q/L k|x/L k|d'v dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfh -!^ dlxnf / @) k'?if_ u/L #^ hgf ;xefuL

&= dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷@)—@#

pbok'/ k|x/L k|d'v dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw

u/L $% hgf ;xefuL

*= dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷@)—@$

l;/fxf gful/s ;dfh, u};;sf k|ltlglw, k|x/L Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0f -!) dlxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

(= dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷@)—@$

l;/fxf gful/s ;dfh, u};;sf k|ltlglw, k|x/L Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0f -!% dlxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL

!)= dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷)&÷@#—@$

;Kt/L k|x/L k|d'v dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw

u/L #* hgf ;xefuL

!!= —dfgj clwsf/sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of —ckfªutfsf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷$—!)

dsjfgk'/

dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw

u/L $$ hgf ;xefuL


!@= lhNnfdf ckfªutf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] cj:yf;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷$—!)

dsjfgk'/ ckfª\tfsf] If]qdf sfo{/t dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw

u/L #! hgf ;xefuL

!@= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ cled"lvs/0f

@)&%÷@÷( wg'iff :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglw, sd{rf/L,

gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw / ;j{;fwf/0f - $) dlxnf / &) k'?if_ u/L !!) hgf ;xefuL

!# lhNnfdf dlx+nf lx+;fsf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&%÷@÷@# ;Kt/L k|x/L, u};;, afn Snaaf6 -#$ dlxnf / $% k'?if_ u/L &( hgf ;xefuL

kf]v/f

qm=;=

ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot

!= :yfgLo txdf gjlgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ ljsf;df dfgjclwsf/d'vL k4lt ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷$÷!%

kmn]jf; gkf, kj{t

:yfgLo txdf gjlgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

@= ljsf;df dfgj clwsf/d'vL k4lt / gful/s ck]Iff ljifos 5nkmn tyf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷$÷!(

kf]v/f n]vgfy

dxfgu/kflnsf, sf:sL

:yfgLo lgsfosf hgk|ltlglw, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

#= dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn tyf

@)&$÷$÷@% DofUbL ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+


cGtlqm{of ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

$= dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn tyf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷$÷@^ Jffun'ª ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

%= dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn tyf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷$÷@( kj{t ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

^= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fylds ljifo lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cfof]lht cGtlqm{of÷5nkmn

@)&$÷%÷!! sf:sL ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g–Joj;foL / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

&= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fylds ljifo lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cfof]lht cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷%÷!$ :ofªhf ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g–Joj;foL / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

*= Dffgj clwsf/sf] cg';Gwfgsf] l;nl;nfdf cfof]lht cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷%÷!$ Jffun'ª Gfful/s ;dfh, af/ Pzf]l;P;gsf k|ltlglw, åGåkLl8t Pjd :yfgLox¿ ;xefuL

(= a]kQflj?4sf] cGt/ffli6«o lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷%÷!% Jffun'ª :yfgLo lgsfo, Gfful/s ;dfh, af/ Pzf]l;P;gsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ / åGåkLl8t Pjd :yfgLox¿ ;xefuL

!)= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ tyf lzIffsf] clwsf/ ljifos ;r]tgf

@)&$÷&÷@* df]bL ufpFkflnsf, Kfj{t

:yfgLo lgsfosf k|ltlglw / ljBfnosf afnaflnsfx¿ ;xefuL


!!= dlxnf clwsf/ tyf k|hgg clwsf/ ljifos ;r]tgf

@)&$÷&÷@* Jffun'ª ;'/Iff lgsfo, :yfgLo cfdf ;d"x, dlxnf ;d"xsf k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

!@= 3/–3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&$÷*÷!! / !@

uf]/vf

ljBfnosf lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿ ;xefuL

!#= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&$÷*÷* a]zLzx/, ndh'ª

gful/s ;dfh, dlxnf ;d"x, afn Snasf k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

!$ dlxnf lx;f Go"lgs/0f ljifos 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷!% sf:sL, kf]v/f

gf/L ;]jf s]Gb|sf k|lzIffyL{x¿ ;xefuL

!%= lgjf{rg cg'udg tyf cGt/f{Li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj; dgfpg] ;Gbe{df 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷!( kf]v/f ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

!^ ^(cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df k|eftkm]l/ Pj+ k|jrg

@)&$÷*÷@$ s'Zdf, kj{t ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfh, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

!& ^(cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷@$ :ofªhf gful/s ;dfh, dlxnf ;d"xsf k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

!* ^(cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df k|eftkm]l/ / dfgj clwsf/ / o'jf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷*÷@$ sf:sL, kf]v/f

;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

!( ^(cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷@$ sf:sL, kf]v/f

;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

@) ^(cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df

@)&$÷*÷@$ tgx'F ljBfnosf lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x¿ ;xefuL


5nkmn

@! lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fylds ljifo lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of÷5nkmn

@)&$÷(÷@# Uff]/vf ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

@@ rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf cGtlqm{of÷5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷# a]gL, DofUbL ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

@# rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷% Affun'ª ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

@$ rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷& s'Zdf, kj{t ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿

@% sf/fuf/ zfvf kjt{df s}bLaGbLx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷!! kj{t sf/fuf/sf s}bL tyf aGbLx¿ ;xefuL

@^ :yfgLo txdf gjlgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ ljsf;df dfgj clwsf/d'vL k4lt ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷!)÷!(

l;/fGrf]s ufpFkflnsf, uf]/vf

l;/fGrf]s ufpFkflnsfsf hgk|ltlgwLx¿, sd{rf/Lx¿ ;xefuL

@& rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷@! uf]/vf ;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{


;xefuL

@* rf}yf] dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷@@

bdf}nL, tgx'F .

;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{

@( anfTs[t afflnsfsf] pkrf/ ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&$÷!!÷!) sf:sL k|x/L k|zf;g, lrlsT;s, Dffgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

#) dfgj clwsf/sf] ljifodf cGtlqm{of÷ 5nkmn

@)&$÷!!÷!! sf:sL lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|d'v ;xefuL

#! ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL cGtlqm{of tyf 5nkmn

@)&$÷!!÷!$ afun'ª gful/s ;dfh, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿ ;xefuL

#@ k/Dk/fut cEof; / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷!@÷^—&

d':tfª

d'lvof, :yfgLoaf;Lx¿ ;xefuL

## lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/df kfFr k|fylds ljifo lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷!@÷(

d':tfª

;/sf/L tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

#$ lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/df kfFr k|fylds ljifo lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷!@÷#)—!—^

rfd], dgfª lh;; k|d'v, ufkf cWoIf, ;/sf/L, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfh Pj+ u};;sf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL ;xefuL

s]sf / If]sfsf] ;dGjodf

#% dfgj clwsf/ / afn clwsf/ ;DaGwdf

5nkmn

@)&%÷!÷#) Rffd], dgfª Nff]slk|o dflj rfd]sf *,( / !) sIffdf cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿ ;xefuL

#^ 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ lzIff;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷!÷#! —@÷^

/3'uª\uf ufkf, DofUbL

/3'uª\uf ufkf sf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

#& dfgj clwsf/ / @)&%÷!÷#! Rffd], dgfª RffFd] cfdf ;d"x / td' cfdf


dlxnf clwsf/ ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ul/Psf]

;d"xdf ;+nUg dlxnfx¿ ;xefuL

#* ;a}sf nflu kx'Fro'Qm k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ljifos sfof{zfnf

@)&%÷!÷@! sf:sL :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglw, dxfgu/kflnsf, g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f, g]kfn 6]lnsdsf OlGhlgo/ / lgdf{0f Joj;foLx¿ ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u / l88f g]kfn

#( Dffgj clwsf/d'vL k4lt / ;'zf;g ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷@÷!*—@$

sf7]vf]nf ufkf, afun'ª

:yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglw, sd{rf/Lx¿ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

$) Dffgj clwsf/d'vL ljsf; k4lt ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷@÷@)—@^

Jof; gkf, ledfb gkf / DofUb] ufkf, tgx'F

:yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglw, sd{rf/Lx¿ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

$! Dffgl;s :jf:Yo / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷#÷!$ sf:sL, kf]v/f

;/sf/L lgsfo / gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v / k|ltlglw dgf];fdflhs ljdz{stf{, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ ;xefuL

$@ Dffgj clwsf/d'vL ljsf; k4lt ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷)#÷)^ cfa'v}/]g ufFkf, tgx'F

:yfgLo txdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglw / sd{rf/Lx¿ ;xefuL

$# Dffgj clwsf/d'vL ljsf; k4lt ljifos cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷)#÷!@–!*

k'tnL ahf/ gkf, km]bLvf]nf ufkf, :ofª\hf

kf]n]dgkf !% sf:sL

:yfgLo txdf lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglw / sd{rf/Lx¿ ;xefuL

g]kfnu~h

qm=;= ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot != /f]d ljwfg

cg'df]bgsf] @)&#÷$÷@ afFs] gful/s ;dfh Pj+ dfgj

clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t


;fGble{stf / cfjZostf ljifos cGtlqm{of

ljleGg ;‹;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿ u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

@= a]kQflj?åsf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;df cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷%÷!# g]kfnu~h, afFs]

a]kQf kl/jf/sf ;b:o, a]kQf, Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw -%) dlxnf / $) k'?if_ u/L () hgf ;xefuL

#= a]kQflj?åsf] cGt/f{li6«o lbj;sf] pknIodf d}galQ k|Hjng

@)&#÷%÷!$ g]kfnu~h, afFs]

a]kQf kl/jf/sf ;b:o, a]kQf, Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw -%) dlxnf / $) k'?if_ u/L () hgf ;xefuL

$= ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo k|lqmof / r'gf}tLdf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] e"ldsf

@)&#÷^÷!#

afFs] lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L lgsfosf ;/f]sf/jfnf clwsf/L, ;'/Iff ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw ;~rf/sdL{, sfg'g–Joj;foL åGåkLl8t kl/jf/sf ;b:o Pj+ dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

%= dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfn g]kfnu~hsf] lgoldt a}7s

@)&#÷^÷@)

afFs] g]kfnu~hl:yt dfgj clwsf/ ;‹;+:yfsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw u/L @@ hgf ;xefuL

^= kLP;P pTkfbg÷ ljt/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷&÷%

g]kfnu~h, afFs]

g]kfnu~hl:yt sfo{/t ;~rf/sdL{x¿ tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo u/L $) hgf ;xefuL .

&= kLP;P pTkfbg÷ljt/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷&÷&

g]kfnu~h, afFs]

s[i0f;f/ / afu]Zj/L PkmPddf sfo{/t !% hgf ;~rf/sdL{x¿

*= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷&÷!! b}n]v k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs, :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf clws[t, ;~rf/sdL{ Pj+


dfgj clwsf/sdL{ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL .

(= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷*÷!$ bfª ;/sf/L / u};;/sf/L ;+:yfdf sfo{/t k|d'v÷k|ltlglw u/L !#) hgf ;xefuL

!)= Affn clwsf/;DaGwL lhNnf:t/Lo cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷*÷!^ afFs] ;/sf/L lgsfo, Affn clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn ljleGg ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, afn ;~hfn tyf dlxnf ;d"xaf6 k|d'v / k|ltlglw u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

!!= dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf / /Ifssf] r'gf}tL ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷*÷@$ afFs] ;/sf/L / u};;/sf/L ;+:yfdf sfo{/t k|d'v÷k|ltlglw u/L !$% hgf ;xefuL

!@= Affnclwsf/ ;DaGwL lhNnf:t/Lo cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷(÷!^ afFs] ;/sf/L lgsfo, Affn clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn ljleGg ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, afn ;~hfn tyf dlxnf ;d"xaf6 k|d'v / k|ltlglw u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

!@= oftgf / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷!)÷@&—!!—!

;'v]{t e]/L / /fKtL c~rnsf ;/sf/L lgsfo, Affn clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn ljleGg ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh, afn ;~hfn tyf dlxnf åGåkLl8t ;d"xsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglwx¿ $! Hfgf ;xefuL

!# dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&#÷!!÷! b}n]v ;/sf/L / u};;/sf/L ;+:yf, ;'/Iff lgsfodf sfo{/t k|d'v÷k|ltlglwx¿ #& hgf ;xefuL

!$= vfB clwsf/sf] Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljw]osdfly cGtlqm{of

@)&#÷!!÷# afFs] ;/sf/L lgsfo, vfB clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yf -lkmofg_ sf k|ltlglw Pj+ ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ u/L &%


hgf ;xefuL !%= dfgj clwsf/sf]

jt{dfg cj:yf ljifos 5nkmn

@)&#÷!!÷@& afFs] dfgj clwsf/ ;~hfnsf @! hgf ;b:ox¿

!^ dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf / /fhgLlts bnsf] e'ldsf ljifos 5nkmn

@)&#÷!!÷@* afFs] ;+o'Qm dw];L df]rf{ / g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf lhNnf:t/Lo g]tfx¿ ;lxtsf @# hgf ;xefuL

;+o'Qm dw];L df]rf{ / g]skf -Pdfn]_ ;Fu cnu–cnun 5nkmn

!& Dffgjclwsf/ / hjfkmb]xLtf If]qLo ;Dd]ng tyf dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgfsf] cj:yf ljifos 5nkmn

@)&#÷!@÷!@—!^

;'v]{t If]qLo :t/df sfo{/t ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf ;'/Iff lgsfo #% hgf ;xefuL

dfggLo ;b:o k|sfz j:tL Pj+ ;lrj j]bk|;fb e§/fO{sf] pkl:ylt

!* of]hgf / pknAwLsf ;DaGwdf If]qLo ;dLIff

@)&#÷!@÷!&–!* ;Dd

afFs] g]kfnu~h, h'Dnf, wgu9L / a'6jn sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx¿ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

dfggLo ;b:o k|sfz j:tL Pj+ ;lrj j]bk|;fb e§/fO{sf] pkl:ylt

!( 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&#÷!@÷@# afFs] :yfgLo ;j{;fw/0f dlxnf tyf k'?if Pj\d cGo ;dfh;]jLx¿ u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

@) Dffgj clwsf/, lgjf{rg / ;'/Iff ljifos 5nkmn

@)&#÷!@÷@( afFs] lhNnf k|zf;g, lhNnf k|x/L, c~rn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an ;Ldf ;'/Iff tyf If]qLo lgjf{rg sfof{nosf k|d'v u/L @@ hgf ;xefuL

Dff= Dff]xgf cG;f/Lsf] pkl:ylt

@! cfof]usf] !& cf} jflif{sf]T;j ;df/f]x

@)&$÷@÷!# g]kfnu~h, afFs]

gful/s ;dfh ,dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{,


/ dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf ljifos 5nkmn

sfg'g Joj;foL, k|x/L ,u};; -%) k'?if / #& dlxnf_ u/L *& hgf ;xefuL

@@ Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ;jfn lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷@÷!( /f]Nkf ;'/Iff lgsfo, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t, ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

@# Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ;jfn lgwf{/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷@÷@) bfª ;/sf/L / ;'/Iff lgsfo, u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL u/L %% hgf ;xefuL

@$ Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ;jfn lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷@÷@( afFs] ,g]kfnu~h

;/sf/L / ;'/Iff lgsfo, u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL u/L -@% dlxnf / #% k'?if_ ^) hgf ;xefuL

@% cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/ / r'gf}ltx¿ cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷@÷#) afFs], g]kfnu~h

;'/Iff lgsfo, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t, ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL u/L -@) dlxnf / #% k'?if_ %% hgf ;xefuL

@^ Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ;jfn lgwf{/0f 5nkmn

@)&$÷@÷#! abL{of ;'/Iff lgsfo, u};; / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, oftgfaf6 kLl8t, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ / sfg'g Joj;foL -$) dlxnf / @# k'?if_ ^# hgf ;xefuL

@& 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&$÷#÷# abL{of u};; / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, oftgfaf6 kLl8t, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, :yfgLo u/L -*) dlxnf / @! k'?if_ !)! hgf ;xefuL

@* ;Gbe{ M oftgf @)&$÷#÷( afFs] ;'/Iff lgsfo, u};; /


kLl8tsf] ;xof]ufy{ cGt/f{li6«o lbj; ljifos cGtlqm{of

g]kfnu~h gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, oftgfaf6 kLl8t, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ / sfg'g Joj;foL u/L ^% hgf ;xefuL

@( cfof]uaf6 ;Dkflbt sfdx¿sf] l:ylt ljj/0f ;fj{hlgsLs/0f

@)&$÷#÷!( afFs] ;'/Iff lgsfo, u};; / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ / sfg'g Joj;foL u/L %% hgf ;xefuL

#) :yfgLo tx lgjf{rg, ;'/Iff cj:yf / dfgj clwsf/ cj:yfaf/] cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷#÷!)—!%

afFs], abL{of, Ko"7fg, bfª, ?s'd, /f]Nkf

;/sf/L lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, lgjf{rg clws[t, :yfgLo ko{j]Ifs, u};; / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ / sfg'g Joj;foL u/L !*& hgf ;xefuL

–

wgu9L

qm=;= ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot != lhNnfdf dlxnf

lx+;fsf] cj:yf @)&$÷$÷!^ s}nfnL ;/sf/L lgsfosf

k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u, dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf sfof{no, cf]/]s g]kfn

@= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&$÷%÷!@ s}nfnL ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL

#= a]kQf lbj; ;Gb{edf bLk–k|Hjng

@)&$÷%÷!$ s}nfnL ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ^) hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u, g]kfn /]8qm; / åGåkLl8t ;dfh

$= #& cf}F ljZj vfB clwsf/ lbj;

@)&$÷^÷#) s}nfnL vfB clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yfsf

;xsfo{M cfof]u /


k|eftkm]l/ tyf cGt{lqmof

k|d'v÷k|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

s}nfnL lhNnf vfB clwsf/ ;~hfn

%= dfgj clwsf/ k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷!#—!%

a}t8L, aemf+u,

;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ^) hgf ;xefuL *) hgf ;xefuL

^= jftfj/0f ljsf; / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷@) s}nfnL ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, jftfj/0fLo clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ (( hgf ;xefuL

df= ;b:o ;'lbk kf7ssf] pkl:ylt

&= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/ ;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷@( rfFbgL÷ bf]wf/f, s~rgk'/

:yfgLo txsf d]o/, pkd]o/ tyf j8f cWoIf, kbflwsf/L u/L $^ hgf ;xefuL

*= dfgj clwsf/ k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f

@)&$÷&÷#) s~rgk'/ /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, gful/s ;dfh, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L $% hgf ;xefuL

(= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] clwsf/;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷&÷#) s~rgk'/ ;xsfo{M cfof]u / lg8\; g]kfn

!)= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷! s~rgk'/ /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L #^ hgf ;xefuL

!!= oftgf lj?4sf] clwsf/ cj:yf ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷! bf]wf/f÷ rfFbgL, s~rgk'/,

/fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw


/ ;~rf/sdL{ u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

!@= dfgj clwsf/sf] ;jfn klxrfg ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷# c5fd /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

!# lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf ;du| dfjg clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷# ;fFkm], c5fd /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

!$= dfgj clwsf/sf] ;jfn klxrfg ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷% afh'/f /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL u/L $! hgf ;xefuL

!%= lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf ;du| dfjg clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷( bfr'{nf /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL u/L #* hgf ;xefuL

!^ lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf ;du| dfjg clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷*÷!# 88]Nw'/f /fhg}lts bnsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, :yfgLo lgsfo, ;'/Iff lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL u/L @% hgf ;xefuL

!& 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ ;t]rgf

@)&$÷*÷( aemfª ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L %) hgf ;xefuL

!* dlxnf lx+;f;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷!! a}t8L ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v k|ltlglw, dfgj


clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ $@ hgf ;xefuL

!( ^( cf}+ cGt{/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] cj;/df k|eftkm]l/ tyf cGt{/;Djfb\

@)&$÷*÷@$ s}nfnL / c5fd

;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ ;xefuL

@) ^( cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj;sf] k|eftkm]l/

@)&$÷*÷@$ 88]Nw'[/f ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;‹;+:yf, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u/ !^ lbg]dlxnf lx+;flj?4sf] cleofg

@!= dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0f :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 k|bfg ul/g] ;]jf k|jfx ljifos 5nkmn

@)&$.(÷@% s~rgk'/ ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s u/L $( hgf ;xefuL

@@= dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwLcGt/f{li6«o lkmNd dxf]T;j

@)&$÷!!÷!( s}nfnL ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s u/L #)) hgf ;xefuL

@#= ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] clwsf/;DaGwL k|fb]lzs ;Dd]ng

@)&$÷!!÷@)—@!

s}nfnL ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, ckfª\utfsf] If]qdf sfo{/t clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L %% hgf ;xefuL

@$= !)* cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf lbj;

@)&$÷!!÷@$ s~rgk'/ ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dlxnf clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L &( hgf


;xefuL @%= af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf

s'6lk6 ;DaGwdf ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu 5nkmn

@)&$÷!!÷#) s}nfnL ;/sf/L / u};;, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglw Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ u/L @% hgf ;xefuL

@^= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL k|d'v ;jfn klxrfg;DaGwL cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd

@)&$÷!!÷#) bfr'{nf ;/sf/L / u};;, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿ u/L %@ hgf ;xefuL

@&= dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf :yfgLo lgsfosf] e"ldsf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷@ a}t8L ;/sf/L / u};;, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿ u/L $@ hgf ;xefuL

@*= cfly{s ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/ ;DaGwL cg'udg tyf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷@ aemfª ;/sf/L / u};;, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿ u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

@(= cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] cj:Yff ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷# aemfª ;/sf/L / u};;, cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL

#)= oftgflj?4sf] clwsf/;DaGwL cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷!@÷!# 88]Nw'/f g]kfn k|x/Lsf clwsf/L / ;z:q k|x/Lsf clwsf/, gful/s ;dfh tyf kqsf/ $@ hgf ;xefuL

#!= lhNnfdf rf}yf] /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjo ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&$÷!@÷@@ s~rgk'/ ;/sf/L / u};;sf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿

#@= Dffgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&$÷!@÷@& s}nfnL hodflnsf SofDk;df cWoog/t !% hgf ljBfyL{ ;xefuL

##= afn z'ne jftfj/0f / dfgj

@)&%÷!÷#! s~rgk'/ ljleGg ljBfnodf sfo{/t !% hgf


clwsf/ ljifos cled'vLs/0f

lzIfsx¿

#$= Ho]i7 gful/ssf dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:Yff ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&%÷@÷! j}hgfy j[4f>d, s~rgk'/

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿ u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

#%= ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg Gofo ljifos cGt/;Djfb

@)&%÷@÷!! s}nfnL ;/sf/L / dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglw / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ u/L !)% hgf ;xefuL

#^= cfof]usf] !* cf} jflif{sf]T;j ;df/f]x

@)&%÷@÷!# s}nfnL ;/sf/L / u};;, Joj;flos ;‹;:yf, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v÷ k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ u/L *$ hgf ;xefuL

#&= h]i7 gful/s x]/rf/ s]Gb| cWoog ;j]{If0f ljifos 5nkmn

@)&%÷@÷!% s}nfnL s]Gb|df /x]sf Ho]i7 gful/sx¿ / dfgj clwsf/sdL{ u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

#*= k|fs[lts ljkb / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷@* ehgL, s}nfnL

;/sf/L clwsf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t JolQmx¿ u/L $% hgf ;xefuL

#(= afn clwsf/sf] cj:yf / ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] e"ldsf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷@* emnf/L, s~rgk'/

;/sf/L / u};;, afn clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t ;+:yfsf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿ u/L *$ hgf ;xefuL

$)= ljZjJofkL cfjlws ;dLIff k|ltj]bgdf dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;'emfjx¿sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&%÷@÷@( dx]Gb|gu/, s~rgk'/

;/sf/L clwsf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t JolQmx¿ u/L %$ hgf ;xefuL

$!= dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL /fli6«o sfo{

@)&%÷#÷$ 88]Nw'/f ;/sf/L clwsf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t


of]hgf 5nkmn÷cGt{lqmof

JolQm / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ u/L %$ hgf ;xefuL

$@= ;'b"/ / klZrd\ If]qdf 5fpk8Ln] dlxnfdf kf/]sf] k|efj;DaGwL k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgls s/0f

@)&%÷#÷!& s}nfnL ;/sf/L clwsf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t JolQm, sfg'g Joj;foL, ;~rf/sdL{ / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ u/L &) hgf ;xefuL

$#= dfgj clwsf/ / ljkb;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&%÷#÷! bfr'{nf ;/sf/L clwsf/L / u}/;/sf/L If]qdf sfo{/t JolQmx¿ u/L &) hgf ;xefuL

pIf] sfof{nox¿

vf]6fª

qm=;= ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot != dfgj clwsf/sf

kfFr k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlq{mof

@)&$÷%÷!@—!*

;f]n'v'Da' dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L, ;~rf/sdL{, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx¿, hgk|ltlglwx¿

@= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ lzIff sfo{qmd

@)&$÷%÷!$ ;f]n'v'Da' b'ws'08 gkfsf gj lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx¿

#= /]l8of] k|efjsfl/tfaf/]df 5nkmn÷ cGtlq{mof

@)&$÷%÷!% ;f]n'v'Da' ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿

$= dfgj clwsf/sf kfFr k|fyldstf If]q lgwf{/0f sfo{qmd

@)&$÷%÷@#÷ b]lv P]= @( ;Dd

cf]vn9'Ëf dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L, ;~rf/sdL{, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx¿, hgk|ltlglwx¿ u/L


#^ hgf ;xefuL %= dfgj clwsf/

k|j{4gsf nflu cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@^ cf]vn9'Ëf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglwx¿ u/L $@ hgf ;xefuL

^= /]l8of] lhËn pTkfbg÷k|;f/0f

@)&$÷% — :yfgLo ;j{;fwf/0f rflDnª, tfdfª / z]kf{ efiffdf ;d]t lhª\un pTkfbg / u/L lxdfn, PkmPd ;f]n'v'Da', xn];L PkmPd vf]6fª / pGglt PkmPd ef]hk'/af6af6 lgoldt k|;f/0f

&= dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfo{Gjog cj:yf ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷^÷$—!)

vf]6fª k|lhc, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf vf]6fªsf k|d'v, ;~rf/sdL{, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx¿ u/L $^ hgf ;xefuL

*= dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfo{Gjog cj:yf ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

)&$÷^÷$—!)

vf]6fª k|lhc, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf vf]6fªsf k|d'v, ;~rf/sdL{, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, hgk|ltlglwx¿ u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

(= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ lzIff;DaGwL uLt ;ª\sngsf nflu lj1fkg

)&$÷^÷ ef]hk'/, ;f]n'v'Da', cf]vn9'Ëf / vf]6fª PkmPd

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿

!)= dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljZjJofkL cfjlws ;dLIff;DaGwL cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷&÷@* cf]vn9'Ëf hgk|ltlglwx¿, ;/sf/L lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{

dfggLo ;b:o df]xgf cG;f/Lsf] pkl:ylt


!!= dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL ljZjJofkL cfjlws ;dLIff;DaGwL cGt{lqmof

@)&$÷&÷#) ;f]n'v'Da' hgk|ltlglwx¿, ;/sf/L lgsfo, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{

dfggLo ;b:o df]xgf cG;f/Lsf] pkl:ylt

!@= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ lzIff;DaGwL uLt ;ª\sngsf nflu lj1fkg

)&$÷&÷ ef]hk'/, ;f]n'v'Da', cf]vn9'Ëf / vf]6fª PkmPd

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿

!# ^( cf} cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj; dgfpg] tof/L ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷@) vf]6fª lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, Kfqsf/ dxf;‹, lhNnf af/, dlxnf ljsf; sfof{nosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw / dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

!$= ltª\nfdf lgjf{rgsf] qmddf gf] ef]6af/] 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷!) ;f]n'v'Da' ;DalGwt If]qsf jfl;Gbfx¿ ;xefuL

!%= Eff]hk'/sf] z}lIfs cj:yf;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷ !@

ef]hk'/ lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L;d]t lzIff If]qdf lqmofzLn JolQm, ;~rf/sdL{ ;lxt kqsf/ @@ hgf ;xefuL

!^ lhNnfsf] dfgj clwsf/ k|fyldsLs/0f;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&$÷*÷ !# ef]hk'/ k|lhc, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf k|d'v, ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlgw u/L %@ hgf ;xefuL

!& ljBfno:t/Lo dfgj clwsf/ jQm[Tjsnf k|ltof]lutf

@)&$÷*÷@@ vf]6fª k|lhc, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf k|d'v;d]tsf] pkl:yltdf * dfljsf !^ hgf ljBfyL{ -$ lghL $ ;fd'bflos ljBfno_

lhNnf sfg'gL ;xfotf ;ldltssf] ;xof]u


;xefuL !* Dffgj clwsf/sf]

;+/If0fdf dfgj clwsf/ /Ifssf] e"ldsf;DaGwL cGt/;+jfb

@)&$÷*÷@# vf]6fª k|lhc / dfgj clwsf/ /Ifsx¿ u/L #* hgf ;xefuL

!( —n}lËs lx+;f / dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf;DaGwL cGtlqm{of —ckfËtf ePsf JolQmaf6 dfgj clwsf/ uLt k|:t'lt

@)&$÷*÷@$ vf]6fª lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf k|d'vsf] k|d'v cltyL tyf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;d]tsf] pkl:yltdf ljjlw sfo{qmd !!% hgfsf] ;xeflutf

@) hftLo e]befjlj?4sf] clwsf/ tyf blntsf] clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] e"ldsf - _

@)&$÷!)÷@@

— blnt hgk|ltlglw tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx¿ u/L &) hgf ;xefuL

@!= hftLo e]befj tyf 5'jf5'tlj?4 - blnt ;d'bfo_–sf] clwsf/ ;+/If0f;DaGwdf cj:yf hfgsf/L

@)&$÷!)÷ !!—!$

— ^! 3/ blnt kl/jf/ df 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd ;DkGg

@@= cGt/f{li6«o >lds dlxnf lbj;

@)&$÷!!÷@$

lbQm]n, vf]6fª

;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L @)) hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u / Dflxnf lbj; d'n ;df/f]x ;ldlt

@#= ;f]n'v'Da' lhNnfdf vfBfoGg , :jf:Yo Pj+ ls;fgdf k/]sf] jftfj/0fLo c;/

@)&$÷!@÷& ;f]n'v'Da' ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v, jftfj/0f, dfgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf lqmofzLn


;DaGwdf ;r]tgf u};;, ls;fg ;d"xx¿, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L $* hgf ;xefuL

@$= dfgj clwsf/ ;r]tgf

@)&$÷!@÷!%

cf]vn9'Ëf gkf k|d'v, pkk|d'v j8fsf j8fWoIf, j8f ;b:o, gu/kflnsfsf sd{rf/Lx¿, dlxnf, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

@%= Uf/La, ls;fg dhb'/ k5fl8 kfl/Psfx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ pkef]u ljifos 5nkmn

@)&%÷!÷( P]zn'vs{ ufFk, vf]6fª

P]zn'vs{ ufFpkflnsf kbflwsf/L, ;/sf/L sd{rf/L pBf]uL Jofkf/L, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, ls;fg u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw u/L (% hgf ;xefuL

@^= pkef]Qmf clwsf/ / dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL cGt/;+jfb

@)&%÷!÷!^ vf]6fª ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L;lxt ;/f]sf/jfnf ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v, pjf;‹, xf]6n Joj;foL, oftfoft Joj;foL, clwsf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

@&= pkef]Qmf clwsf/;DaGwL sfo{kqsf] ;f/;ª\If]k k|;f/0f

@)&%÷!÷!^ lxdfn Pkm Pd / ;f]n' Pkm Pd

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿

@*= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL 5nkmn

@)&%÷!÷!& ;f]n'v'Da' y'n'ª b'wsf]zL UffFk k|d'v, j8fWoIf, ;b:o :yfgLo txdf


sfo{/t ;/sf/L sd{rf/L, pBf]uL Jokf/L, lzIfsljBfyL{, ls;fg u/L #^ hgf ;xefuL

@(= cfof]usf] !* cf} :yfkgf lbj;

@)&%÷@÷!# vf]6fª lhNnf GofofwLz k|lhc;lxt lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L lgsfo / u};;sf k|d'v÷kbflwsf/L, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L $% hgf ;xefuL

#)= pkef]Qmf clwsf/ / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷!* cf]vn9'Ëf l;l4r/0f gkfsf pkk|d'v, ;xfos k|lhc, ;/sf/L lgsfo / u};;sf k|d'v÷kbflwsf/L, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, pkef]Qmf / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

#!= cGt/f{li6«o afn >dlj?4sf] lbj;df ljBfno :t/Lo lgjGw k|ltof]lutf

@)&%÷@÷@( vf]6fª lbQm]n gkfsf k|d'v, ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, ljleGg ljBfnosf lzIfs÷lzlIfsf / ljBfyL{x¿ u/L !!) hgf ;xefuL

rf/ j6f ljBfnoaf6 !^ hgf ljBfyL{n] efu lnPsf lyP .

a'6jn


!= :yfgLo lgjf{rg / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos 5nkmn

@)&$÷$÷!(

lrtjg

lgof]u, kqsf/ dxf;‹, dfgj clwsf/ ;+u7g, lhof]u, OG;]s, sfx" /fi6« / u}/;/sf/L


;+:yfdxf;‹sf k|ltlglwx¿ -$ dlxnf / !& k'?if_ u/L @! hgf ;xefuL

@= Dffgj clwsf/;DaGwL ;Gb]z d"ns lhª\un k|zf/0f

@)&$ ;fpg lrtjg

gjnk/f;L

?kGb]xL

slknj:t'

kfNkf

u'NdL /

c3f{vfrL

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿

#= g]kfnL efiffdf dfgj clwsf/ uLt k|;f/0f

@)&$ ;fpg ?kGb]xL /

slknj:t'

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿

$= j}b]lzs /f]huf/df ;+nUg cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ / ltgsf kl/jf/x¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of÷5nkmn

@)&$÷)%÷!%

tf}lnxjf,

slknj:t'

j}b]lzs /f]huf/af6 kmls{Psfdlxnf / k'?ifx¿, ;/sf/L lgsfo, g]kfnkqsf/ dxf;‹, OG;]s, u};; dxf;‹sf k|d'v / k|ltlglwx¿, -#) dlxnf / $) k'?if_ u/L &) hgf ;xefuL

%= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ljifo 5gf}6 ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷!^ tf}lnxjf,

slknj:t'

dfggLo lhNnf GofofwLz, ;/sf/L lgsfo,

/fhgLltsbn, gful/s ;dfh, u};;sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{,

kqsf/

;/sf/L kbflwsf/L

gful/s ;dfh k|ltlglw

u};;sf k|ltlglw -@% dlxnf / %) k'?if_ u/L &% hgf ;xefuL


^= lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf ljifo 5gf}6 ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷)%÷!*

;lGwvs{,

c3f{vfFlrL

lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf ; ;/sf/L lgsfo,

;/sf/L clwsf/L

/fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh, u};;sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{,

-#% dlxnf / $# k'?if_ u/L &* hgf ;xefuL

&= /fli6«o afn lbj; dgfpg] dgfpg] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn

@)&$÷%÷@( ;dkm/fu,

sflnsf gkf, lrtjg

hgk|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{

;~rf/sdL{, lzIfs– lzlIfsf -@& dlxnf / @) k'?if_ u/L $& hgf ;xefuL

*= Dffgj clwsf/ lbj; dgfpg] ;DaGwdf tof/L a}7s

@)&$÷&÷@@ e}/xjf, ?kGb]xL

gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw,

dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs

dlxnf clwsf/sdL{ -$ dlxnf / ^ k'?if_ u/L !) hgf ;xefuL

( dfgj clwsf/ lbj; dgfpg ;DaGwdf tof/L a}7s

@)&$÷&÷@# a'6jn, ?kGb]xL


dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs

dlxnfclwsf/sdL{ -% dlxnf / !) k'?if_ u/L !% hgf ;xefuL

!)= dfgj clwsf/ lbj; dgfpg] ;DaGwdf tof/L a}7s

@)&$÷&÷@$

n'lDagL, ?kGb]xL


dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs

dlxnf clwsf/sdL{-!) dlxnf / @) k'?if_ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

!!= lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!( tf}lnxjf, slknj:t'

dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, ko{j]Ifs


/fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw -^ dlxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L !( hgf ;xefuL

!@ lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!( u'NdL dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, ko{j]Ifs

/fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw -* dlxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L ## hgf ;xefuL

!# lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷!( kfNkf dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, ko{j]Ifs

/fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw -% dlxnf / #) k'?if_ u/L #% hgf ;xefuL

!$ lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷@)

a'6jn, ?kGb]xL


/fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw -!) dlxnf / $) k'?if_ u/L %) hgf ;xefuL

!% lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷@)

rGb|f}6f, slknj:t'


/fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw -* dlxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L !&hgf ;xefuL

!^ lgjf{rgdf dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf

@)&$÷*÷@)

c3f{vfFrL dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, ko{j]Ifs

/fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw -& dlxnf / @# k'?if_ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

!&= dfgj clwsf/ lbj; dgfpg] ;DaGwdf tof/L

@)&$÷*÷@! n'lDagL, ?kGb]xL


dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs -@


a}7s dlxnf / * k'?if_ u/L !) hgf ;xefuL

!*= cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj; -¥ofnL÷ cGtlqm{of÷kmf]6f] k|bz{gL÷ kLl8t cfjfhk|lt k|ltj4tf÷x:tfIf/÷bLk–k|Hjng

@)&$÷*÷@$

n'lDagL, ?kGb]xL

;/sf/L clwsf/L, leIf', d'l:nd

dfgj clwsf/sdL{

;~rf/hut,

gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglw -#% dlxnf / !#) k'?if_ u/L !^% hgf ;xefuL

;ft j6f sfoqm{d ;DkGg

!(= lhNnfdf Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf If]q lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷(÷@# e/tk'/, lrtjg

;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ -& Dflxnf / @% k'?if_ u/L #@ hgf ;xefuL

@)= lhNnfdf Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf If]q lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷(÷@$

sfjf;f]tL, k"j{k/f;L, Gfjnk/f;L

;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ -!! Dflxnf

k'?if $*_ u/L %( hgf ;xefuL

@!= lhNnfdf Dffgj clwsf/ k|fyldstfsf If]q lgwf{/0f ;DaGwdf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷(÷@% klZrd\

k/f;L, gjnk/f;L

;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, sfg'g Joj;foL, Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{ -!% Dflxnf

k'?if #%_ u/L %) hgf ;xefuL

@@= 3/]n' lx+;f -s;"/ ;hfo_ P]g @)^^ sf] sfof{Gjog cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷(÷@^ut]

klZrd k/f;L, Gfjnk/f;L

lhNnf k|zf;g, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, lx+;f kLl8t dlxnf÷k'?if, -!( Dflxnf


k'?if @%_ u/L $$ hgf ;xefuL

@#= ljBfnodf dfgj clwsf/ d}qL lzIff tflnd

@)&$÷(÷@* / @( ut]

?kGb]xL slknj:t', ?kGb]xL / gjnk/f;L klZrd\sf ljBfnosf lzIfs, lzlIfsf, ;|f]t JoflSt -!! Dflxnf

k'?if #)_ u/L $! hgf ;xefuL

@$= Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf] xs clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!)÷!(

k/f;L ;/sf/L clwsf/L, /fhgLlts bn, u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ Ho]i7 gful/s, ;~rf/sdL{ -@^ Dflxnf

k'?if $@_ u/L ^* hgf ;xefuL

@%= ck/fw kLl8tx¿sf] xs clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!)÷@@

gjnk/f;L ;/sf/L clwsf/L, /fhgLlts bn, u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, afn u[x ;~rfns, ;~rf/sdL{, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ -@) Dflxnf

k'?if $@_ u/L ^@ hgf ;xefuL

@^= afn u[x / afn clwsf/sf] cj:yf ljifos 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷@(

lrtjg ;/sf/L clwsf/L, /fhgLlts bn, u};;, gful/s ;dfhsf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw, afn u[x ;~rfns, ;~rf/sdL{, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ -!^ Dflxnf

k'?if @^_ u/L $@ hgf ;xefuL

@&= dfgj clwsf/ @)&$÷!!÷* a'6jn, g]kfn k|x/L -% Dflxnf


tflnd —( ?kGb]xL k'?if @%_ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

@*= cGt/f{li6«o gf/L lbj;

@)&$÷!!÷@$

;/jfn ufkfsf] sfof{no, gjnk/f;L

dfgj clwsf/ sdL{

gful/s ;dfh k|ltlglw -$% Dflxnf

k'?if !)_ u/L %% hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{M cfof]u / ;/fjn ufFkf

@(= zlStsf] b'¿kof]u kLl8t kLl8tx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷@ e}/xjf,

?kGb]xL

;/sf/L / u};;sf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ ;~rf/sdL{ -!) Dflxnf

k'?if ##_ u/L $# hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{M t/fO{ dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs, / jsfnt d~r

#)= cGt/f{li6«o hftLo lje]b pGd"ng lbj;

@)&$÷!@÷& slkna:t' Dfgj clwsf/sdL{

gful/s ;dfh k|ltlglw, blnt ;fdflhs ljsf;sf ;b:ox¿ -%) Dflxnf

k'?if $)_ u/L () hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{÷;dGjoM

cfof]u / blnt

;fdflhs ljsf; ;+:yf

slknj:t

#!= lhNnfl:yt /x]sf cfjf;Lo afnu[x / OF§fe§fdf afn clwsf/ cj:yf ljifodf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷!@÷!*

e}/xjf,

?kGb]xL

;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw lhNnf afn sNof0f ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L, afnu[x ;~rfns, dfgj clwsf/sdL{ -!$ Dflxnf /

k'?if @^_ u/L $) hgf ;xefuL

;xsfo{÷;dGjoM

cfof]u, dlxnf afnaflnsfsfof{no, ?kGb]xL

#@= cfof]usf] jflif{sf]T;j

@)&%÷@÷!# dr{jf/, ?kGb]xL

;/sf/L lgsfosf sd{rf/L, k|x/L, hgk|ltlglwx¿, gful/s ;dfh, dlxnf ;d"x, kLl8tx¿ -!% Dflxnf / k'?if ^%_ u/L *) hgf


;xefuL

##= ;fdflhs s'/Llt tyf

lj;ª\utL Go"gL s/0fsf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnx¿sf] e"ldsf

@)&%÷#÷@)

ozf]w/f &, ;'Ntgjfk'/, slknj:t'

;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿, :yfgLo hgk|ltlglw, gful/s ;dfh, blnt ;dfhsf k|ltlglw, wd{u'?, / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ -^) Dflxnf / k'?if $)_ u/L !)) hgf ;xefuL

#$= 3/]n' lx+;f tyf dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷#÷#) a'6jn, ?kGb]xL

Hfgk|ltlglw, u[x0fL, dlxnf Pj+ wfld{s ;‹;+u7gsf k|ltlglw, ;~rf/sdL{ -%% Dflxnf / k'?if %_ u/L ^) hgf ;xefuL

h'Dnf


!= k||wfgdGqL s[lif cfw'lgsLs/0f sfo{qmd -;'k/ hf]g kl/of]hgf_ sf] ultljlw ;DaGwdf 5nkmn÷ cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷$÷#)

h'Dnf :ofp ls;fg / ;'k/ hf]g kl/of]hgf k|d'v, ;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'v

@ cfof]usf k|sfzg ljt/0f

@)&$÷%÷@)

ljleGg ufpFkflnsf, h'Dnf

:yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglwx¿

#= 3/3/df dfgj clwsf/ zflGt / ljsf;sf] cfwf/ ljifodf cGtlqm{of

@)&$÷%÷@

l;ldsf]6, x'Dnf

;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfo sf kbflwsf/L, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, k]zfut ;‹;+u7gsf k|ltlglw tyf ;j{;fwf/0f u/L $* hgf ;xefuL

$= Dffgj clwsf/sf @)&$÷%÷ l;ldsf]6, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf


k|fylds If]q lgwf{/0f;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@

x'Dnf k|d'v tyf k|ltlgwL, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, k]zfut ;‹ ;+u7gsf k|ltlglw tyf ;j{;fwf/0f u/L $* hgf ;xefuL

%= ;'/Iff tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ tflnd

@)&$÷%÷@(—#)

vnËf, h'Dnf lhNnfl:yt ;'/Iff tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx¿

-^ dlxnf / @$ k'?if_ u/L #) hgf ;xefuL

^= ckfËtf ePsf AolQmx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/;DaGwL k|b]z :t/Lo k|fb]lzs ;Dd]ng

@)&$÷&÷@(—#)

jL/]Gb|gu/, ;'v]{t

;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v, ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿, dlxnfljsf; clws[t, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL, ;~rf/sdL{x¿ cflb

&= @^ cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o ckfË lbj;

@)&$÷*÷!&

vnËf, h'Dnf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L nufot lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlgwL, /fhlglts bn, gful/s ;dfh, dlxnf ;~hfn, kqsf/ dxf;‹, h]i7 gful/s ;‹sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw lzIfs–lzlIfsf, ckfª\utf ePsf JolQmx¿, ljBfyL{, dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs, ;~rf/sdL{ u/L (% hgf ;xefuL

*= ^( cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/ lbj; tyf n}lËs lx+;flj?4sf] !^ lbg] cleofg

@)&$÷*÷@$

vnËf, h'Dnf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, k|x/L k|d'v, dlxnf ljsf; clws[t nufot tyf u}/;/sf/L ;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglwx¿, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, k];fut ;‹ ;+:yf, pwf]u afl0fHo ;‹, :yfgLo lgsfo,sf k|ltlgwLx¿ cfdf ;d"x, afn Snasf k|ltlglw / ;~rf/sdL{ u/L &! hgf ;xefuL

(= ;~rf/sdL{sf nflu dfgj clwsf/ ;DaGwL

@)&$÷!)÷(

h'Dnf lhNnfl:yt lqmofzLn @& hgf ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL


cled'vLs/0f sfo{qmd

!)= la:tfl/t kfFrf}+ g]kfn Dffgjclwsf/ cGt/f{li6«o rnlrq k|bz{gL

@)&$÷!!÷!^

h'Dnf k|ltlglw ;efsf dfggLo ;b:o, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf ;efklt, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, g]kfnL ;]gfsf u0fklt, k|x/L gfoa pkl/Ifs, cg';Gwfg ljefusf cg';Gwfg clwsf/L, ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L lgsfosf k|d'v tyf k|ltlglw, /fhgLlts bnsf k|ltlglw, dfgj clwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/sdL{, dlxnf,pBf]uL, Jofkf/L, laBfyL{, lzIfslzlIfsf Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0fx¿ u/L #)) hgf ;xefuL

!!= ;'/Iff tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf nfuL dfgj clwsf/ tflnd ;'/Iff tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/Lsf nfuL dfgj clwsf/ tflnd

@)&$÷!@÷@)—@#

udu9L, d'u' lhNnfdf /x]sf ;'/Iff lgsfosf sd{rf/L tyf lghfdtL sd{rf/L -% dlxnf / @) k'?if_ u/L @% hgf ;xefuL

!@= afnclwsf/sf] ;jfndf cGtlqm{of ÷ cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷!÷@#

h'Dnf dfWolds txsf lzIfs tyf lzlIfsfx¿ -Ps lzlIfsf / !^ lzIfs_ u/L !& hgf ;xefuL

!#= dfgj clwsf/ / ;'zf;gaf/] cled"lvs/0f

@)&%÷!÷@$

h'Dnf l;+hf ufpFkfflnsfsf hg k|ltlglwx¿ -$ dlxnf / ( k'?if_ u/L !# hgf ;xefuL

!$= afn clwsf/ ljifos lgaGw k|ltof]lutf

@)&%÷!÷@$

h'Dnf dfWolds txsf !% hgf 5fq5fqf ;xefuL

!%= dfgj clwsf/ / ;'zf;g ;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷@ ltnf uf=k, h'Dnf

:yfgLo txsf #* hgf hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

!^= hftLo 5'jf5't tyf e]befj s;"/ / ;hfo P]g @)^* df ePsf sfg'gL

@)&%÷@÷@!

kftf/f;L @, h'Dnf

;/sf/L / u};;sf k|d'v÷k|ltlglw / :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwx¿ u/L $! hgf ;xefuL


Joj:yf af/] cGtlqm{of

!&= dfgj clwsf/ / ;'zf;g ;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷@@

h'Dnf :yfgLo txsf #& hgf hgk|ltlglwx¿ ;xefuL

!*= dfgj clwsf/ /fli6«o sfo{ of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷@@

x'Dnf, ;/sf/L / u};;sf k|d'v÷k|ltlgw / :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwx¿

!(= cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ tflnd sfo{qmd

@)&%÷@÷@#

x'Dnf lhNnfl:yt dlxnf dfgj clwsf/sdL{ / dlxnf cu'jfx¿

@)= ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf nfuL cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/ cled"lvs/0f

@)&%÷@÷@$

x'Dnf ljleGg ;~rf/dfWoddf sfo{/t ;~rf/sdL{x¿

;fg]kf

qm=;=

ljifo ldlt :yfg ;xeflutf s}lkmot

!= Dffgj clwsf/ cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷!)÷!%

/;'jf ;~rf/sdL{, clwsf/sdL{, blnt tyf hghflt ;d'bfosf JolQmx¿ u/L hDdf @( hgf ;xefuL

@= ljQLo ;+:yf / To;sf] ;dfwfgsf af/]df 5nkmn

@)&$÷!)÷!*

/;'jf ufFkf, ;'/Iff lgsfo / ljlQo ;+:yfsf k|d'v, k|ltlglwx¿ u/L $@ hgf ;xefuL

#= dfgj clwsf/ cled'vLs/0f

@)&$÷!!÷@! /fd]5fk dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿

$= 3/]n' lx+;f -s;"/ / ;hfo_ P]g, @)^^ o;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog tyf r'gf}tL ljifos

@)&$÷!@÷( nlntk'/ dfgj clwsf/sdL{x¿ / ;~rf/sdL u/L #) hgf ;xefuL


cGtlqm{of %= ;a} k|sf/sf

e]befjlj?4 pGd"ng

@)&$÷!@÷!*

nlntk'/ Dffgj clwsf/ / dlxnf clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{x¿, ;~rf/sdL u/L hDdf #% hgf ;xefuL

^= dfgj clwsf/ cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷!÷!) g'jfsf]6 Dffgj clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfo{/t sdL{x¿, ;~rf/sdL u/L hDdf @) hgf ;xefuL

&= dfgj clwsf/ cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷!÷!* l;Gw'nL Dffgj clwsf/sdL{ / ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

*= dfgj clwsf/ /Ifs, kLl8t / ;fIfLsf] ;'/Iff ;DaGwL cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷& nlntk'/ Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

(= dfgj clwsf/ cled'vLs/0f

@)&%÷@÷@@ nlntk'/ Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL

!)= ck/fw ;+lxtf P]g, @)&$ / b]jfgL ;+lxtf P]g, @)&$ / dfgj clwsf/ ljifos cGtlqm{of

@)&%÷@÷@$ nlntk'/ Dffgj clwsf/sdL{, sfg'g Joj;foL Pj+ ;~rf/sdL{x¿ ;xefuL


cg';"rL—;ft

cfof]uaf6 ph'/Lpk/ ePsf lg0f{ox¿

1. xTof÷oftgf, g'jfsf]6 lhNnf s'df/L uflj; j8f g+= & l:yt kf]v/L k|fylds ljBfnosf k|=c= kf]ifsgfy k'8f;}gL / ;f]xL uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] nId]Zj/L lgdflj ?lkªsf lzIfs s[i0fk|;fb l3ld/]nfO{ @)%( c;f/ !! ut] ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] lu/ˆtf/ u/L æ!# ut] e]6\g cfpg"Æ egL nu]sf]df kl/jf/n] e]6 ug{ gkfPsf], lghx¿sf] cj:yf s]–s:tf] 5 hLjg/Iff;lxt dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f u/L kfpmF eGg] ;d]tsf] Aoxf]/f pNn]v eO{ @)%(.$.!# df cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ x'g cfPsf], o;}u/L ;f]xL ldltdf s'df/L uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] bfdf]b/k|;fb uf}td / j8f g+= ^ a:g] nId0f Gof}kfg]nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 kf]ifsgfy k'8f;}gL / s[i0fk|;fb l3ld/]nfO{ kqmfp u/]s} lbg ;'/Iff3]/f tf]8L efu]sf] eGg] cf/f]k nufO{ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf kfOof]] . lghx¿sf] nf; kl/jf/nfO{ glbP/ ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;d]tsf] pNn‹g ePsf] kfOof]] . o:t} u/L bfdf]b/k|;fb uf}td / nId0f Gof}kfg]nfO{ kqmfpkZrft\\ oftgf lbPsf] kfOof]] . ctM pQm 36gfdf vl6Psf ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ /d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ / oftgf kLl8t JolQmx¿nfO{ hgxL ?=!,)),)))÷– -Ps nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ lbg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

2. ;]gfaf6 xTof, g'jfsf]6 lhNnf ;'gvfgL uflj; j8f g+= ( a:g] jif{ #^sf ch'{g kf0]8nfO{ ldlt @)%( d+l;/ @$ ut] uf]7df sfd ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf ;fbf kf];fsdf cfPsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] 3/ vfgtnf;L u/L af6f] b]vfOlbg'xf];\ egL 3/af6} kqmfp u/L l9s'/] eGg] :yfgaf6 lqz'nLtkm{ uf8Ldf xfnL lnP/ uPsf]df lqz"nL Aof/]sdf a'‰g hf+bf lghnfO{ kqmfp gul/Psf] eGg] hafkm lbPsfn] lghsf] cj:yf s]–s:tf] 5, afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm eGg] ;d]tsf] Aoxf]/f pNn]v u/L @)%(.*.@^ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf], ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh ch'{g kf0]8nfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] ldlt @)%(.*.@$ df kqmfpkl5 uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] b]lvFbf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lhDd]jf/ JolQmsf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / kLl8tsf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .


3. ;]gfaf6 xTof, /;'jf lhNnf nx/]kf}jf uflj; j8f g+= @ 3/ eO{ sf7df8f}F lhNnf dgd}h' uflj; j8f g+=– * nfdfau/df dl§t]n Jofj;fo u/L a:g] ch'{g nfld5fg]nfO{ @)^!.!@.!! ut] /ftL *M)) ah] sf7df8f}F lhNnf wd{:ynL uflj; j8f g+= % 3/ eO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] vl/kf6L Aof/]sdf sfo{/t cdnbf/ uf]ljGb sfsL{n] uf]nL k|xf/ u/L xTof u/]sfn] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL @)^!.!@.!& df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 36gfsf ;DaGwdf g]kfn k|x/Laf6 cg';Gwfg txlssft eO{ ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntaf6 km};nf eO{ lgh uf]ljGb sfsL{n] ;hf+o;d]t tf]sL s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] sf/afxLtkm{ s]xL af]ln/xg'k/]g . d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

4. ;]gfaf6 xTof, wflbª lhNnf 5q] b]p/fnL uflj; j8f g+= * 3/ eO{ g'jfsf]6 lhNnf rfpy] uflj; j8f g+= ( df a;f]jf; ug{] k|sfz sF8]nnfO{ cfˆgf] v]tdf sfd ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf ldlt @)^).&.!% ut] ;fFem sl/a %M)) ah]lt/ ;'/Iffkmf}hn] uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] / ;f]sf] ef]lnkN6 l5d]sLx¿nfO{ vf]nfsf] lsgf/df vfN8f] vGg nufO{ uf8]sf] / nf; lgsfn] 7Ls gx'g] egL wDsL;d]t lbPsf] sf/0f lghsf] wd{k/Dk/fcg';f/ bfx–;+:sf/;d]t ug{ gkfPsf] xF'bf 36gfsf] tTsfn 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL tyf kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{;d]t lbnfO{ kfpFm egL @)^).&.!* df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf ;]gfgL -d]h/_ >L ;'jf; yfkfsf] g]t[Tjdf vl6Psf] ;}lgs 6f]nLn] cgfjZos an k|of]u u/L 3fOt]] ePsf k|sfz sF8]nnfO{ k'gM uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] kfOPsfn] lgh ;'jf; yfkf / cGo bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{ ;}lgssf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{] / d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

5. dfcf]jfbLaf6 xTof, af/f lhNnf 5q /tg'k/ uflj; j8f g+= @ 3/ eO{ ;z:q k|x/L an eb|sfnL u0f lkn'jf af/fdf ;z:q k|x/L hjfg kbdf sfo{/t wgaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ @)%(.)$.#! ut] af/f lhNnfsf] lkn'jf eGg] :yfgaf6 tTsfnLg g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{x¿n] ckx/0f u/]sfn] lghsf] ;s'zn p4f/ u/L dfgj clwsf/sf] /Iff u/L kfpFm eGg] @)^$.^.@! df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L . d]/f] 5f]/f wgaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ 8Ø'6Ldf /x]sf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] ckx/0f u/L df/]sf] a'lemg cfPsf]df lgh sfo{/t ;z:q k|x/L an sfof{non] 5fglag ug{ / k|x/Laf6 kfpg'kg{] ;Dk"0f{ ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg OGsf/ u/]sfn] cfjZos ;xof]u kfpFm egL @)^^.&.* df lzjs'df/ yfkfn]


cfof]udf btf{ u/fpg'ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 8Ø'6Ldf /x]sf] cj:yfdf lgh wgaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] ckx/0fkZrft\\ df/]sf] kfOof]] . tTsfnLg cj:yfdf 8Ø'6Ldf /x]sf]df lghsf] d[To' ePsf] 8Ø'6Ld} /x+Fbf s'g} ;'/IffsdL{sf] åGås} sf/0f d[To' ePdf lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;DalGwt ;'/Iff lgsfoaf6 ?=&,)),)))÷– -;ft nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg] gLltcg'¿k lgh wgaxfb'/ yfkfn] ;z:q k|x/L anaf6 pNn]lvt /sd k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvPsf] åGådf dfl/Psf cGo ;'/IffsdL{;/x ljgflje]b /fxt Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/dfkm{t ;z:q k|x/L an k|wfg sfof{nonfO{ gLltut l;kmfl/; ug{], d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ pknAw u/fpg / bf]ifL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] klxrfg u/L h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ;femf wf/f # pNn‹g u/]sfn] kmf}hbf/L d'2f bfo/ ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

6. ;]gfaf6 oftgf, g'jfsf]6 lhNnf lzv/j]zL uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] rt'/gf/fo0f of]uL -rt'/gfy sd/ of]uL_ nfO{ ldlt @)^!.!.@& df af6f]df lxFl8/x]sf] cj:yfdf g'jfsf]6 lhNnf u0f]z:yfg uflj;sf] gofFk'naf6 ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L @)^!.@.@ ut];Dd g'jfsf]6 lhNnfsf] v/fgL6f/ ;'/Iff SofDkdf /fvL tf/]vdf 5f8]sf] ;'/Iff SofDkdf /fVbf ;'/IffsdL{n] oftgf lbPsf] ;f]xL oftgfsf] sf/0f @)^!.*.!^ ut] lghsf] d[To' ePsfn] bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ sf/afxL u/L d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ / afnaflnsfnfO{ lzIff pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL @)^@.^.!) df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L ;}lgs SofDkdf /fVbf oftgf lbPsf], oftgfkZrft\\\ pkrf/sf nflu ef/t nu]sf]df pkrf/ c;Dej ePsfn] g]kfnd} lkmtf{ cfPsf]df ;f]xL oftgfsf] sf/0f lghsf] @)^!.)*.!^ df d[To' ePsf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{] / d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

7. ;}lgsaf6 xTof, nlntk'/ lhNnf dfN6f uflj; j8f g+= # a:g] z'saxfb'/ lyªnfO{ @)^*.*.@$ df u:tLdf cfPsf] /fhbn u0f / b]jLbn u0fsf ;]gfsf] 6f]nLn] 3/af6} lu/ˆtf/ u/L nlntk'/ lhNnf dfN6f uflj; j8f g+= # l:yt kfË]| eGg] :yfgdf nuL uf]nL xfgL df/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL @)^#.(.@# df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ @)^).*.@$ ut] ;}lgsx¿n] kqmfpkl5 uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] / lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf]


pNn‹g ePsf] kfOof]] . ctM bf]ifL ;}lgssf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

8. ;}lgsaf6 xTof, nlntk'/ lhNnf dfN6f uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] jif{ #@ sf eLdaxfb'/ ef]DhgnfO{ @)^).*.@$ df u:tLdf cfPsf] /fhbn u0f / b]jLbn u0fsf ;]gfsf] 6f]nLn] 3/af6} lu/ˆtf/ u/L nlntk'/ lhNnf dfN6f uflj; j8f g+= # l:yt kfË]| eGg] :yfgdf nuL uf]nL xfgL df/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL @)^#.(.@# df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ @)^).*.@$ut] ;}lgsx¿n] kqmfp kl5 uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] / lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] pNn‹g ePsf] b]lvFbf, bf]ifL ;}lgssf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

9. ;}lgsaf6 xTof, /;'jf lhNnf ;/dynL uflj; j8f g+= & kmfdr]t a:g] jif{ @# sf nfnk|;fb ltdlN;gfnfO{ @)%(.%.( df ;f]xL lhNnf sflnsf:yfg ahf/af6 ;fdfg lsg]/ kms{Fb} :yfgLo wf]jL vf]nf eGg] :yfgaf6 ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L tTsfnLg c:yfoL kf]:6 /fDr] k'¥ofPsf] / ef]lnkN6 ;}lgs kf];fs nufP/ lghsf] ufpFtkm{ lnP/ uPsf]df g'jfsf]6 lhNnfsf] ;]/f uflj;df k'¥ofO{ df/]sf] egL @)^#.!@.@! df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ kqmfp ubf{ /;'jf ;/dynL j8f g+=–& a:g] jL/axfb'/ tfdfª, nLnfdfof tfdfª / g'jfsf]6 lhNnfsf gfd v'Ng g;s]sf csf{ Ps JolQmnfO{ klg ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L ;]/f eGg] :yfgdf k'¥ofO{ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf], lghx¿sf] nf; kl/jf/nfO{ glbP/ ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;d]tsf] pNn‹g ePsf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;}lgssf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L d[tssf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

10. tTsfnLg /fhf >L % jL/]Gb| tyf pxfFsf] kl/jf/ tyf gft]bf/x¿sf] @)%*.@.!( df xTof ePsfn] 36gfsf] lgikIf tyf ljZj;gLo 5fglag gePsf] Pjd\ 36gfsf jf:tljs ck/fwLpk/ s'g} sf/afxL gePsfn] cfjZos 5fglag / cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifLpk/ kmf}hbf/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL rnfpg l;kmfl/; ul/of];\ egL @)^#.!).@! Df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf u[x dGqfnodf kqfrf/ u/L ;/sf/n] u7g u/]sf] pRr:t/Lo 5fglag ;ldltn] a'emfPsf] k|ltj]bg dfu ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .


11. k|x/Laf6 xTof, wflbª lhNnf w'jfsf]6 uflj; j8f g+=– ! a:g] cfOt] eGg] wg]Gb| tfdfªnfO{ dfkf{s uflj;l:yt ;;'/fnL 3/df uPsf] cj:yfdf @)%^.!).)^ ut] dfkf{s Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/Lx¿n] xft p7fpg nufO{ uf]nL xfgL df/]sfn] bf]ifL k|x/LnfO{ sf/afxL u/L d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL @)^^.)*.)$ df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 k|x/Lx¿n] lghnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf xFbfx'b} kqmfp gu/L uf]nL xfgL df/]sf,] kl/jf/nfO{ nf; ga'emfO{ a]kQf agfPsf], 36gfkZrft\\ sfg'gadf]lhd ug'{kg]{ 36gf:yn k|s[lt d'r'Nsf, nf;hfFr k|s[lt d'r'Nsf, zj–k/LIf0fnufotsf sfo{x¿ gu/L dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g u/]sf] kfOPsfn] tTsfnLg Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no dfkf{s wflbªsf sfof{no k|d'v;Fu a'emL bf]ifL kQf nufO{ sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

12. lx/f;tdf d[To', l:j8]gaf6 g]kfn kmsf{OPsf sf:sL lhNnf 3/ ePsf an/fd If]qLnfO{ lqlj cWofudg ljefun] @)^&.)^.!# ut] ljdfg:ynaf6 kqmfp u/L ljefusf] lx/f;tdf /fv]sf]df lghn] 3fF6Ldf 8f/L nufO{ cfTdxTof u/]sf] elgPsf] 36gf zÍf:kb ePsfn]] ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos 5fglag ul/kfpFm egL @)^&.)^.!% df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lgh an/fd If]qLsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] egL :ki6 gb]lvPsf] t/ cWofudg P]g,@)$( df s]xL q'l6x¿ b]lvPsf] x'Fbf cWofudg ljefunfO{ lx/f;tdf /x]sf] y'g'jfx¿sf] ;+/If0ffy{ ;+j]bgzLn eO{ sfo{ ug{, lx/f;t sIfsf] ef}lts ;+/rgf dfgj clwsf/d}qL 9ª\un] lgdf{0f ug{ / cWofudg P]g, @)$( df :jf:Yo k/LIf0f tyf lx/f;t;DaGwL yk Joj:yfsf nflu cfjZos ;+zf]wg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf gLltut l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

13. ;]gfaf6 xTof, /;'jf lhNnf ;/dynL uflj; j8f g+=& a:g] nLnfdfof tfdfª;d]t nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{sf] 6f]nLn] kqmfpkZrft\\ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] egL cfof]usf] :jljj]sLo If]qflwsf/cGt{ut @)&!.)$.!@ df btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 @)%(.)%.!( ut] /;'jf lhNnf ;/dynL j8f g+=& a:g] nfnk|;fb ltdlN;gfnfO{ kqmfp u/L ;f]sf] ef]lnkN6 lghdfkm{t nLnfdfof tfdfªnfO{ klxrfg u/L kqmfpkZrft\\ ;]/f eGg] :yfgdf k'¥ofO{ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] / kl/jf/nfO{ nf;;d]t glbP/ ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;d]tsf] pNn‹g ePsf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;]gfsf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf xsjfnf nfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .


14. ;]gfaf6 xTof, /;'jf lhNnf ;/dynL uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] jL/axfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{sf] 6f]nLn] kqmfpkZrft\\ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] egL cfof]usf] :jljj]sLo If]qflwsf/cGt{ut @)&!.)$.!@ df btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 @)%(.)%.!( ut] /;'jf lhNnf ;/dynL j8f g+= & a:g] nfnk|;fb ltdlN;gfnfO{ kqmfp u/L ;f]sf] ef]lnkN6 lghdfkm{t jL/axfb'/ tfdfªnfO{{ klxrfg u/L kqmfpkZrft\\ ;]/f eGg] :yfgdf k'¥ofO{ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] / kl/jf/nfO{ nf;;d]t glbP/ ;f+:s[lts clwsf/;d]tsf] pNn‹g ePsf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;]gfsf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf xsjfnfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

Gofo–k|zf;g;DaGwL

15. d]/f] >ldfg\ zf]let tfdfªnfO{ nlntk'/ lhNnf afns'df/Ldf lxF8\bflxF8\b} kqmfp u/L nu]/ gVv' sf/fuf/df gf} dlxgfb]lv aGbL agfO{ /fv]sf]df d]/f] gful/stf k|df0fkq gePsf], e]6\g glbPsf], d]/f] afnaRrf;d]t >Ldfg\sf] lhDdfdf gVv' sf/fuf/df ;fy} /x]sf] xF'bf >Ldfg\ tyf afnaRrf;d]t pQm sf/fuf/af6 5'6fpg kxn u/L kfpFm egL sdnf tfdfªsf] gfdaf6 @)^).)^.)# df cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ x'g cfPsf], ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf lgh;Fu e]6L yk k|df0f ;Íng ug{ cfof]uaf6 k|of; eP klg e]6 x'g g;s]sf] / ;DalGwt JolQm xfn;Dd klg cfof]udf ;Dks{ /fVg gcfPsfn] ;fy} lgh y'gfd'Qm eO;s]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ g+= adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

16. k;f{ lhNnf jL/uGh gkf 3/ eO{ nlntk'/ lhNnf uf]l6v]n uflj; j8f g+=# a:b} cfPsf ljZjbLk If]qL g]kfnnfO{ @)^!.^.@ df lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no sf7df8f}F xg'dfg9f]sfsf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fvL w/f}6Ldf 5f]8]sf]df k'gM kqmfp ug{ kq k7fPsf] eGg] a'lemPsfn] lsg / s]–slt sf/0fn] kqmfp ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] < lghsf] hLjg/Iffsf] nflu cfjZos kxn u/LkfpFm egL @)^!.(.!( df cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ x'g cfPsf], ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 åGåsf] ;dodf cftÍsf/L tyf ljWj+;fTds s;'/df y'gfdf /x]sf] / xfn y'gfd'Qm eO;s]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ g+= adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

17. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, sf7df8f}F lhNnf gfªn]ef/] uflj; j8f g+=@ a:g] 3gZofd a:tfsf]6LnfO{ @)^!.!).& ut] laxfg (M)) ah] Jofkfl/s l;nl;nfdf ;fFv'af6 ;fdfg lnP/ cfpFb} ubf{ efOx¿ aofgaxfb'/ a:tfsf]6L / s]zj a:tfsf]6LnfO{


zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] / bfOnfO{ klg af]nfpg" eg]kl5 df]afOn ;Dks{ u/L r]skf]:6df af]nfOPsf], lgh r]skf]:6df k'Ubf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsfn] lghsf] hLjg/Iff / t'?Gt l/xfOsf nflu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^!.!).)* df cfof]udf ePsf], ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg x'Fbf @! lbg;Dd lghnfO{ u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] b]lvFbf k|ltlbg ?=%))÷– sf b/n] x'g cfpg] /sd ?= !),%))÷– -b; xhf/ kfFr ;o_ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod @%-@_ g+= adf]lhd pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

18. ;nf{xL lhNnf elQmk'/ uflj;df hgtflGqs d'lQm df]rf{ -Hjfnf l;+x_ sf dflg;x¿ atfpg] ;d"xn] @)^$.%.@# ut] /fdk|;fb clwsf/L / /fhg bfxfnsf] 3/ sAhfdf lnO{ wgdfn 8fsf u/L lnPsf] @)^$.*.@ ut] /ftL @)÷@@ hgfsf] xltof/wf/L ;d"xn] ufpF sAhfdf lnO{ dbg cfrfo{, d~h' cfrfo{, slkn ltdlN;gf, /fdxl/ a/fn, s[i0f a/fn;d]tsf] 3/af6 nfvf}Fsf] wgdfn 8s}tL u/]sf] tyf ;f] ;d"xn] k"/} ufpFdf 8s}tL ug{] wDsL;d]t lbO/x]sfn] ufpFaf;Lx¿ eoeLt / ql;t ePsf] xF'bf ufpFdf zflGt;'/Iffsf] kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^$.)*.@# ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf k|x/Laf6 tTsfnLg cj:yfdf lj:yflkt JolQmx¿ cf–cfˆg} 3/ kmsL{ cfPsf] eGg] ;d]tsf] hafkm k|fKt x'g cfPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]hL ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

19. ph'/L g+= !@@!, s]= sf= sf7df8f}F lhNnf r08]Zj/L uflj; j8f g+=@ a:g] wd{/fh bfxfn / uf]ª\ua' uflj; j8f g+= # a:g] lzj/fd bfxfnn] ;xsf/L btf{ ug{ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, aa/dxn hfFbf ToxfFsf sd{rf/L nId0f cof{nn] 3'; dfu]sf] ljifodf ph'/L ubf{ lgh kqmfp k/L clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]uaf6 d'2f rln/x]sf], lghsf tkm{af6 sf7df8f}F dLgejg a:g] uf]kfn uf}tdn] clVtof/df btf{ u/fPsf] d'2f lkmtf{ glnPdf x'nx'Hht ug{], Hofgdfg{], nfu' cf}ifw sf/f]af/h:tf] d'2fdf km;fOlbg], ckx/0f ug{]h:tf wDsL k6s–k6s cfPsfn] zflGt;'/Iffsf nflu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^&.(.!! df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ph'/Lstf{dWo] wd{/fh bfxfnn] cfof]usf clws[t;dIf xfn wDsL g/x]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L u/fPsf], csf{ kLl8t elgPsf JolQmsf] 3/7]ufgfdf kqfrf/ ubf{ km]nf gk/]sf] / cfof]udf ;Dks{ /fVg;d]t gcfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u


-ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]hL ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

20. sf/uf/df xTof, af/f lhNnf /fdk'/ 6f]sgL uflj; j8f g+=( 3/ eO{ nlntk'/ pdgkf j8f g+= % a:g] o'g"if cG;f/LnfO{ sflhcsf] cfb]zn] sf/fuf/ sfof{no huGgfy b]jndf y'gfdf /fvL ;s]kl5 sf/fuf/leq} uf]nL k|xf/ ePsf] pQm 36gfsf] bf]ifLdfly sfg'gL sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof cufl8 ga9fPsf] / lghsf] kl/jf/sf] ;b:odfly s'g} klg ;dodf xTofsf] k|of; x'g ;Sg] ePsf] xFbf lhpHofgsf] ;'/Iff u/L kfpFm egL @)^&.!@.@# df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf], ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf sf/fuf/leq} 36]sf] pQm ck/flws 36gf s]–s;/L, sf]–s;sf] sf/0fn] x'g uPsf] xf] < 5fglag tyf cg';Gwfg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

21. /fli6«o hghdf]rf{sf cWoIf lrqaxfb'/ s];LnfO{ Hjfnf l;+x ;d"xsf] sdfG8/ atfpg] c1ft JolQmn] 6]lnkmf]gaf6 ;‹Lotfsf] lj?4df jsfnt u/]sf] egL Hofg dfg{];Ddsf] uDeL/ w+DsL lbPsfn]] :jtGqk"j{s afFRg kfpg] clwsf/, cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf dfgj clwsf/sf] xgg x'g] ;DefjgfePsfn]] zflGt;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf / bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL @)^*.(.@^ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf k|x/Laf6 w+DsL lbPsf] JolQmsf] sn /]s8{;d]t u/L k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg ePsf] / xfn o:tf] w+DsL g/x]sf] egL kLl8tn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]hL ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

22. cfTdxTof, sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnf s'zfb]jL uflj; j8f g+= $ a:g] /f]zg yfkfsL >LdtL ;Ltf e08f/L yfkfnfO{ lghsf] 3/kl/jf/n] @)^(.@.#) ut] b]lv zª\sf:kb ¿kdf a]kQf agfPsf]df ldlt @)^(.#.@ df rf]6k6s;lxt zª\sf:kb ¿kdf d[To' ePsf], lghsf] nf; w'lnv]n hª\undf k|fKt ePsfn]] ;f] 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf hfx]/L btf{ u/L k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no hfFbf k|x/Ln] hfx]/L btf{ gu/]sfn] hfx]/L btf{ u/fO{ k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfgsf] nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^(.#.@! df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 ljif;]jg u/L lghn] cfTdxTof u/]sf] b]lvFbf yk sf/afxL ug{ dfgl;a b]lvPg . oBlk cfTdxTofsf] 36gfnfO{ ;"Id cg';Gwfg ug{ cfjZos sfg'gL Joj:yfsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ gLltut l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

23. ;Kt/Lsf] dn]7 36gf;DaGwL /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]uåf/f ul7t pRr:t/Lo 5fglag ;ldltn] ldlt @)&$÷)@÷@( df cfof]udf a'emfPsf] k|ltj]bg ;Ssn}


s;/L ;~rf/dfWoddf cfof] < o;df cg';Gwfg tyf 5fglag ug'{kg]{ / cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgdfly csf]{ a}7sdf lg0f{o ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

24. lx/f;tdf d[To', vf]6fª lhNnf b'l4{d uflj; j8f ( 3/ eO{ sf7df8f}F lhNnf sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+=^ af}4 r'Rr]kf6L a:g] jif{ $) sf] 6Lsaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ @)&#÷!÷@& ut] r'Rr]kf6Ll:yt x]nDa' UofF; l8kf]df nfOg a:bf ;fdfGo ljjfb x'Fbf dxfgu/Lo k|x/L j[Q af}4n] kqmfp u/L lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] @)&#÷!÷@* ut] /fx'n du/sf] lhDdf nufO{ 5fl8Psf]df lgh 6Lsaxfb'/nfO{ a]xf]; cj:yfdf cf]d c:ktfndf k'¥ofOPsf] / cfly{s cj:yfsf sf/0f cf]d c:ktfndf pkrf/ ug{ c;dy{ ePkl5 hf]/kf6Ll:yt g]kfn d]l8sn sn]hdf nlu pkrf/ ubf{ @)&#÷!÷@( ut] lghsf] d[To' ePsf] . k|x/Lsf] lx/f;tdf /x]sf] cj:yfdf lghnfO{ lbPsf] oftgf jf s'6lk6af6 d[To' ePsf] x'g ;Sg] ePsfn]] o; ljifodf cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL @)&#÷!÷#) df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L oxL ljifodf d[tssf cfkmGtn] dxfgu/Lo k|x/L j[Q af}4df hf]x/L lbg uPsf]df k|x/Ln] hfx]/L lng c:jLsf/ u/]sf], k|x/Lsf] pQm sfd sf/afxLn] Gofo / ;TotYo hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{ xsclwsf/sf] pNn‹g ePsfn]] k|x/LnfO{ hfx]/L btf{ ug{ u/fpg nufO{kfpFm egL @)&#÷@÷@ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] csf]{ ph'/L ;DaGwdf 6Lsaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ lx/f;tleq s'6lk6 ug{] egL d'2f rnfOPsf] cf/f]kLx¿ k|sfz Olb+uf] -;'Aaf_, bfjf km]Gh' z]kf{ / s]zj k'nfdL du/n] cfkm"nfO{ em'7f] cf/f]k nufO{ d'2f rnfPsf] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL qmdzM @)&#.@.!$, @)&#.@.@*, @)&#.#.!^ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 dfgj clwsf/sdL{ t'n;L yfkfn] u/]sf lqmofsnfkx¿ lgh sfo{/t ;+:yfsf] ljwfg ljk/Lt sfo{If]qaflx/ ePsf] / k|x/LnfO{ c;n lgotn] 6Lsaxfb'/sf] af/]df va/ u/]sf] gb]lvPsf] ;fy} lghsf] egfOsf] k|efjdf k/L k|x/Ln] oy]i6 cfwf/ / sf/0fljgf g} lghnfO{ k|qmfp u/]sf] lx/f;tdf /fVg'k"j{ :jf:Yo k/LIf0f gu/fO{ la/fdL kl/;s]kl5 dfq :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fPsf] / :jf:Yo k/LIf0fdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ dxTTjk"0f{ tYox¿ g} pNn]v u/]sf] kfOPg . lghnfO{ lx/f;tleq /x]sf cGo y'g'jfx¿n] s'6lk6 ubf{ 6fpsf]df uDeL/ rf]6 nfu]sf] / ;f]xL sf/0fn] lghsf] d[To' x'g k'u]sfn] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] 5 . o; 36gfsf] 5fglag ug{ g]kfn k|x/Ln] cfGtl/s 5fglag 6f]nL u7g u/L 6f]nLn] k|ltj]bg;d]t k]; u/]sf] b]lvof] . ;f] k|ltj]bgdf 8Ø'6Ldf /x]sf / lhDd]jf/ k|x/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ nfk/afxL u/]sf] lx/f;t sIfsf] plrt lgu/fgL gu/]sf] kfOPsfn] s;'/cg';f/sf] sf/afxL ug'{kg{] /fo k|:t't u/]sf] b]lvG5 . ctM lgbf]{if JolQmsf] lx/f;t sIfleq ul/Psf] s'6lk6sf sf/0f d[To' ePsfn]] k|x/Lsf] 5fglag 6f]nLn] k]; u/]sf]


k|ltj]bgcg';f/ ;DalGwt k|x/L sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ s]–s:tf] sf/afxL u/]sf] 5, ;f]sf] cg'udg ug{] . dfgj clwsf/sdL{ lgh t'n;L yfkfnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg, d]l8sn lnun k/LIf0fsf nflu Medical Examination Protocol ;a} c:ktfnx¿df clgjfo{ ¿kdf nfu" ug{ / s]zsf] k|s[ltnfO{ x]/]/ y'g'jfx¿sf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s / cGo cj:yfsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug{], Ps} k|sf/sf] 9fFrf tf]Sg] / d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷–-tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{], ;fy} k|sfz Olb+uf] -;'Aaf_–;d]tsf] ph'/Lsf] xsdf ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfnt sf7df8f}Fdf d'2f rln/x]sfn] ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntaf6} Gofo lg?k0f x'g] x'Fbf lghx¿sf] ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]hL ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

25. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf, c5fd lhNnf jL/ky uflj; j8f g+= ( a:g] eLdaxfb/ zfxLnfO{ @)^)÷^÷& ut] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hn] kqmfp u/L xfn;Dd a]kQf kf/]sfn] lghsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L hLjg/Iff u/L kfpFm egL @)^)÷!@÷@@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] . ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 eLdaxfb'/ zfxL / 5qaxfb'/ zfxLnfO{ c5fd dËn;]gsf ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hn] kqmfp u/L a]kQf kf/]sf] kfOPsfn] lghx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ / a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUg bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug'{sf ;fy} kLl8t kl/jf/n] xfn;Dd /fxt Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eP hgxL #,)),))) -tLg nfv_ ?lkofF /fxt Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

26. afFs] lhNnf s~rgk'/ uflj; j8f g+= ( lemh/L vf]nf kf/L a;f]jf; ub}{ cfPsf ;'s'Daf;Lx¿nfO{ :yfgLo JolQmx¿n] wDsL lbPsf], afnL gi6 u/]sf] tyf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf ldlt @)^@÷#÷@# df btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 pQm 36gfkZrft\\ @)^@ c;f]haf6 g} ;'s'Daf;L atfpg] JolQmx¿n] jgIf]q 5f8]/ uPsf] eGg] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnLsf] lgod !)-!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

27. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf, s~rgk'/ lhNnf >Lk'/ uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] jif{ !$ sf] 5f]6]nfn rf}w/L, jif{ @@ sf] gfy'/fd rf}w/L / jif{ @* sf] hª\uaxfb'/ rf}w/LnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] @)%(÷^÷@ df kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsf] egL cfof]udf ph'/L kg{ cfPsf]df cfof]un] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghx¿nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsf] kfOPsf] / xfn;Dd lghx¿sf] cj:yf c1ft g} /x]sf] kfOPsfn] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{ klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{ /


kLl8tsf kl/jf/n] xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt, Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eP ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ hgxL pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

28. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf,g]kfnuGh, alb{of lhNnf du/fu9L uflj; j8f g+= $ dfgk'/ a:g] jif{ $%sf] ;Ltf/fd rf}w/LnfO{ @)%*÷(÷! ut] ;fFem %M)) ah]sf] ;dodf lr;fkfgLaf6 cfPsf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf ;'/IffsdL{n] ljgfsf/0f kqmfp u/L xfn;Dd klg a]kQf kf/]sfn] lghsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifLx¿nfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{;d]t pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL @)^@÷%÷!$ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsf] kfOPsf] / xfn;Dd lghsf] cj:yf c1ft g} /x]sf] kfOPsfn] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ / bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{ klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / kLl8tsf kl/jfn] xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eP ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

29. df]cf]jfbLåf/f 3fOt]], g]kfnuGh aemfª lhNnf r}gk'/ uflj; j8f g+= * ef]k'/ a:g] afnsx¿ jif{ * sf] /fhg /hs / jif{ & sf] nf]s]z xdfn dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fv]sf] ad @)^@÷!@÷# df lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsfn]] pQm 36gfsf] af/]]df cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL @)^@÷!@÷!) df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 a]jfl/;]] ad lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf 3fOt] ePsf afns /fhgs'df/ /hs xfn klg ckfËtfsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf] x'gfn] lghsf] eljiosf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ -lzIff, :jf:Yo, /f]huf/nufot_ / ?=#,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg Pjd\ nf]s]z xdfnsf] z/L/df xfn;Dd klg adsf 5/f{x¿ /x]sf] eGg] kfOPsfn] lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf] k|jGw u/L /fHosf tkm{af6 xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt Ifltk"lt{ tyf ;'ljwf pknAw u/fPsf] gkfOPsfn] ?=@,%),))).–-b'O{ nfv krf; xhf/_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

30. u}/sfg'gL y'gf÷ ;]gfåf/f oftgf, h'Dnf lhNnf dxt uflj; j8f g= ^ 3/ eO{ h'Dnf lhNnf tftf]kfgL uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] If]qaxfb'/ dxtnfO{ @)^)÷*÷!% ut] gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk lng h'Dnf ;b/d'sfd uPsf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L s]jnhª u'Nddf k'¥ofPsf]df pQm u'Nddf ljleGg oftgf lbO{ $* lbgkl5 y'gfd'Qm u/]sf] / oftgfaf6 d[uf}nfdf c;/ k/L z/L/ sfd gnfUg] ePsfn]] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^#÷#÷!% df cof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ kqmfp u/L $&


lbg;Dd u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fvL ;]gfn] oftgf lbPsf] kfOPsf] x'Fbf tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf s]jnhª u'Ndsf k|d'v / cGo ;+nUg ;}lgs sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L kLl8tnfO{ u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] oftgf lbPsf], y'gfd'QmkZrft\ pkrf/ ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{;d]t u/L ?= !,)$,$)).–-Ps nfv rf/ xhf/ rf/;o dfq_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

31. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f d[To', wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf b/v uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] aNrL/fd rf}w/L P]= ( a:g] sK6}g 8uf}/fnfO{ @)%(÷&÷@( ut] P]= & a:g] ljzfn rf}w/LnfO{ @)%(÷)%÷)! ut] P]= ( a:g] v';L/fd rf}w/L, P]= @ a:g] t]haxfb'/ 8uf}/f, P]= ( a:g] k'G;L/fd rf}w/LnfO{ @)%(÷&÷@( ut] / P]= & a:g] sdn/fh rf}w/LnfO{ @)%(÷%÷! ut] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff a]; ;'Vv8sf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] 3/af6} kqmfp u/L xfn;Dd a]kQf kf/]sfn] lghx¿sf] vf]htnf; u/L Ifltk"lt{ tyf sf/afxLsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^#÷#÷@% df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghx¿nfO{ 3/af6} kqmfp u/]sf] . kqmfp k/]sfdWo] v';L/fd rf}w/L, sK6}g 8uf}/f / k'G;L/fd rf}w/Lsf] @)%(÷&÷@( ut] ;'/Iff sf/afxLdf d[To' ePsf] / afFsL rf/ hgf JolQmx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs gePsf] b]lvFbf ;'Vv8 j];sf tTsfnLg ;'/Iff k|d'v / ;+nUg cGo ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ hgxL ?= #,)),))).–-tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg, a]kQf ePsf rf/ hgf JolQmx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ / lghsf kl/jf/n] /fHoaf6 /fxt, Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt gu/]sf] eP hgxL ?=#,)),))).–-tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

32. ;]gfaf6 a]kQf, wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf ehgL uflj; j8f g+= ( sGx}ofk'/ a:g] huGgfy 8uf}/f / /fdzÍ/ 8uf}/fnfO{ ehgLl:yt tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] SofDkaf6 nK6g /fdl;+x af]x/fsf] g]t[Tjdf cfPsf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] 6f]nLn] @)%(÷(÷% ut] 3/af6} kqmfp u/L nu]/ a]kQf agfPsfn] lghx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm egL @)^#÷@÷@# ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghx¿nfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf ehgL Aof/]ssf nK6g /fdl;+x af]x/fn] kqmfp u/L l/xf;taf6 g} a]kQf kf/]sf] k'li6 x'g cfPsfn] lghx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs u/L bf]ifL b]lvPsf nK6g /fdl;+x af]x/f / lghdfkm{t cGo bf]ifL ;]gfsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug{, lghsf kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ / /fHosf tkm{af6 /fxt Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt


gu/]sf] eP hgxL ?= #,)),))).–-tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

33. ;'/IffsdL{af6 xTof, wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf k"mnjf/L uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] jif{ @& sf] k|]d ljs / jif{ @@ sf] t'nf/fd ;fsL{nfO{ wgu9Laf6 vl6Psf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] u:tL 6f]nLn] @)%(÷!÷!% ut]sf lbg u:tL 6f]nLnfO{ b]vL efu]/ :yfgLosf] 3/df n'Sg uPsf] cj:yfdf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] 3/af6 aflx/ lgsfnL ?vdf afFwL lg3f{t s'6lk6 u/L cfFvf;d]t km'6fO{ /QmfDd] agfO;s]kl5 b'j} hgfnfO{ uf8Ldf /fvL wgu9Ltkm{ nu]sf] ef]lnkN6 /]l8of] g]kfnaf6 b'O{ hgf cftª\ssf/Lsf] ;'/Iff sf/afxLdf d[To' ePsf] eGg] ;dfrf/ k|;f/0f ePsf]df ;j{;fwf/0f JolQmx¿nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnO{ df/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg kxn u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷$÷@# df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 k|]d ljs / t'nf/fd ;fsL{nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] lgoGq0fdf lnP/ oftgfkZrft\\\ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ lghx¿sf] kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ / d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ hgxL ?= #,)),))).–-tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

34. ;]gfaf6 a]kQf, wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf ehgL uflj; j8f g+= $ k8l/of a:g] jif{ #^ sf] j[h]G›nfn s0f{nfO{ @)%(÷!÷@) ug] ;fFem &M#) ah] k;naf6 3/ kms{g] qmddf tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf ehgL ;'/Iff j]; SofDkaf6 v6L uPsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] kqmfpkl5 a]kQf kf/]sfn] lghsf] cj:yf ;fj{hgls u/L 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLdfly sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL @)^#÷#÷!& df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghnfO{ ;'/Iffkmf}hn] lgoGq0fkZrft\\ a]kQf kf/]sf] nfdf] ;do;Dd lghsf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf] b]lvPsfn] a]kQf JolQmsf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{, kLl8tsf kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{, bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / kLl8tsf kl/jfn] /fHoaf6 /fxt, Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eP ?= #,)),))). -tLg nfv_ /fxt, Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

35. 3fOt]], wgu9L, s~rgk'/ lhNnf b]vte'ln uflj; j8f g+= * a:g] eLdaxfb'/ lji6nfO{ @)^)÷!!÷( ut] zfxL z'SnfkmfF6 jGohGt' cf/Ifn] sf7rf]/L t:s/Lsf] cleof]udf kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fv]sf] cj:yfdf lhkdf /fvL dhufpF r]skf]:6af6 lzjk'/L eP/ a]n8f8L hfg] af6f] agfpg n}hfFb} ubf{ dfcf]jfbLn]


yfk]sf] PDa'';df k/L uf8Ldf ;jf/ !% hgfdWo] !! hgfsf] 36gf:yndf d[To' ePsf], afFsL rf/hgf u+dL/ 3fOt] ePsf] rf/hgfdWo]sf Ps eLdaxfb'/ lji6;d]t 3fOt] eO{ bfofF v'§f sfd gnfUg] ePsfn]] 36gfsf] af/]df cg';Gwfg u/L Gofo lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷%÷! Dff cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] . ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 dfcf]jfbLn] yfk]sf] PDa';df k/L lgh eLdaxfb'/ lji6 uDeL/ 3fOt] eO{ bfofF v'§f ckfË;d]t ePsf] / xfn;Dd s'g} lsl;dsf] Ifltk"lt{ /fxt Pjd\ cf}ifwf]kRff/ vr{ k|fKt u/]sf]] gb]lvPsfn] 3fOt]]sf kl/jf/sf] kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ / 3fOt]]nfO{ ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ h]g]ef dxf;lGwsf] ;femf wf/f # sf] pNn‹g ug]{ bf]ifL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

36. ;]gfaf6 a]kQf, wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf nfnaf]emL uflj; j8f g+= % a:g] /fdr/0f rf}w/L / j8f g+= ! a:g] /fd]Zj/ s7l/ofnfO{ @)%*÷!!÷! ut] qmdzM ufO{a:t' r/fO/x]sf] cj:yf / s'6fgL, lk;fgL ldnaf6 @)%*÷!!÷! ut] ehgLl:yt ;'/Iff j]; SofDksf nK6g /fdl;+x af]x/fsf] g]t[Tjdf cfPsf] ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] 6f]nLn] kqmfp u/L nu]sf]df xfn;Dd lghsf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs gePsfn]] 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg kxn u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷%÷@) df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghx¿nfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf ehgL j]; SofDksf nK6g /fdl;+x af]x/fn] kqmfp u/L lx/f;taf6 g} a]kQf kf/]sf] b]]lvPsfn] lghx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{df ;+nUg nK6g /fdl;+x af]x/f / lghdfkm{t cGo bf]ifL ;}lgsx¿sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/jfxL ug{ kLl8tsf kl/jf/sf] kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ /fHoaf6 /fxt Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eP hgxL ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ /fxt Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

37. ;'/IffsdL{af6 a]kQf, wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf /tgk'/ uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] w/dkfn rf}w/L, a[hnfn rf}w/L / xg'dfg rf}w/LnfO{ xltof/wf/L ;'/IffsdL{sf] 6f]nLn] @)%*÷$÷!% ut] /ftL 3/af6} kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsf] / kqmfp u/]sf] @÷# lbgkl5 /]l8of]sf] ;dfrf/df lghx¿ dfl/Psf] eGg] ;dfrf/ k|;fl/t ePsfn]] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L l:ylt kQf nufO{ bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{;d]t lbnfO{ kfpFm egL @)^#÷%÷@& df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] lghx¿nfO{ 3/af6} kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf] / k|rlnt sfg'gk|bQ xs clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{ g;s]sf] egL cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgaf6 v'Ng cfPsf] b]lvFbf a]kQf JolQmx¿sf] cj:yf


;fj{hlgs u/L bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ sf/afxL ug{ kLl8t kl/jf/sf] kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ug{ /fHoaf6 /fxt Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eP hgxL ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ /fxt Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

38. =;'/IffsdL{af6 xTof, wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf pdf{ uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] jif{ @@ sL hfgsLs'df/L rf}w/L @)^)÷^÷!! ut] wgu9L 8]/faf6 rfdn lng egL ;fOsn r9L cfˆgf] 3/ pdf{tkm{ uO/x]sf] cj:yfdf st/L gbL lsgf/df k'Ubf dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFmegL @)^#÷%÷#) / @)^#÷^÷$ df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf o'4df ;+nUg gePsf] lgMz:q dlxnfnfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf s}nfnLsf] af]/f8fF8L / t]w/L a/vu8f tyf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no s}nfnLaf6 vl6Psf ;+o'Qm ;'/IffsdL{x¿af6 lgoGq0fdf lnO{ dfl/Psf] kfOPsfn] lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / d[tssf sfg'gadf]lhdsf xsjfnfnfO{ ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

39. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f n'l6Psf],g]kfnuGh, alb{of lhNnf 7fs'/åf/f uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] 8Ln/fh kf}8]nsf] @)%*÷!@÷@@ ut] tTsfnLg a/vbn u'Nd 7fs'/fåf/fsf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] xg'dfg 6«]8/; xf8{j]o/ k;naf6 k|];/ s's/ lhcfO{ kfOk, ;s]6 cflb u/L ?= !),)),))).– -b; nfv_ a/fa/sf ;fdfgx¿ zflGt;'/Iffsf] gfddf n'6L nu]sf] / n'l6Psf ;fdfgx¿ k6s–k6s lkmtf{ dfUbf glbPsf] . ;fy}, ;dfgsf] d"No klg glbPsfn]] n'l6Psf ;dfgx¿sf] Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^#÷!@÷#) / @)^$÷!÷$ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] . ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf n'6kf6 ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx¿sf] ljj/0fsf] k|df0f lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no alb{ofdf k]; u/]sf] b]lvFbf jf:tljs Ifltsf] d"NofÍg u/L a}ª\saf6 lnPsf] C0fsf] Aofh ldgfxf ug{ jf:tljs Ifltsf] d"Nofª\sgaf6 b]lvg] d"No a/fa/sf] Ifltk"lt pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

40. 3fOt]], wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf pdf{ uflj; j8f g+= % a:g] /db}of rf}w/L k|b]z' rf}w/L, k|b]zgL rf}w/L cld;f rf}w/L, df3'/L rf}w/L, cln;f rf}w/L / ?kfb]jL rf}w/L u/L hDdf ;fthgf Ps} 3/kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] /fv]sf] ad @)^@÷!!÷$ df lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf pgLx¿dWo] /fdb}of rf}w/Lsf] v'§f sfd gnfUg] u/L Iflt ePsf], k|b]z' rf}w/Lsf]


cj:yf uDeL/ ePsfn]] cf}ifwf]krf/ / Ifltk"lt{sf nflu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n] /fv]sf] ad lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf /db}of rf}w/Lsf] afofF v'§f sfd gnfUg] eO{ k"0f{¿kdf ckfË ePsf] bfofF v'§fsf] 3'F8fd'lgsf] df;' Iflt ePsf] . k|b]z' rf}w/Lsf] bfofF sfgsf] ;'Gg] Ifdtf u'dL bfofFlt/sf] z/L/ grNg] ePsf] . cld;f rf}w/Lsf] b'j} sfgsf] ;'Gg] Ifdtf u'd]sf] dfw'/L rf}w/Lsf] afofF sfgsf] ;'Gg] Ifdtf u'd]sf] . cln;fsf] b'j} sfgsf] ;'Gg] Ifdtf u'd]sf], ¿kfb]jL / k|b]zgL rf}w/Lsf] z/L/df 5/f{ nfuL 3fOt] ePsf] kfOPsf] / pkrf/sf nflu sf]xnk'/ d]l8sn sn]h, kf]v/f tyf ef/t;d]t uPsf] b]lvG5 . lghx¿n] xfn;Dd /fHoaf6 s'g} lsl;dsf] /fxt, Ifltk"lt{ Pjd\ cf}ifwf]krf/ vr{ k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvFbf /db}of dfw'/L / cld;f rf}w/LnfO{ hgxL #))))).– -tLg nfv_ sf b/n] / cGo 3fOt]x¿nfO{ hgxL @,%),))).– -b'O{nfv krf; xhf/_ sf b/n] Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg ;fy} h]g]ef dxf;lGw ;femf wf/f # sf] pNn‹g ug]{ bf]ifL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

41. 3fOt]], wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf ehgL uflj; j8f g+=# a:g] cGbfhL jif{ $@ sf] e'jg/fh Gof}kfg] @)^$.$.@ ut] cfˆg} v]taf/Ldf sfd ug{ hfFbf v]tsf] cfnLdf /]x]sf] a]jfl/;]] ad lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf afofF xftsf] xTs]nf g} l5GgleGg ePsfn]] cf}ifwL pkrf/ / Ifltk"lt{sf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^$.)$.@* df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 e'jg/fh Gof}kfg] / lghsf] 5f]/L af/Ldf 3fF; sf6\g hfFbf plNnlvt ldltdf 3fF; ;Fu} kmnfdsf] 8Nnf] klg xftdf cfPsf] / pQm 8Nnf] s] /x]5 egL x]bf{ lj:kmf]6 ePsf], lj:kmf]6af6 a'9L cf}nf;lxt tLgj6f cf}Fnf / xTs]nf Iflt ePsf], lhpdf 5/f{ nfu]sf], lghsL 5f]/L /fh' Gof}kfg]sf] lhpdf 5/f{ nfuL 3fOt]] ePsf] / pkrf/sf nflu sf]xnk'/ d]l8sn sn]hdf uPsf] b]lvof] . lghx¿n] cf}ifwL pkrf/nufot /fxt Ifltk"lt{;DaGwL s'g} ;'ljwf /fHoaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvFbf e'jg/fh Gof}kfg]nfO{ ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg / bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

42. 3fOt]], wgu9L, s}nfnL lhNnf dfnfv]tL uflj; j8f g+=–# a:g] t]haxfb'/ ;fpb ldlt @)^(.&.!) ut] efO6Lsfsf] lbgdf :yfgLo JolQmx¿;lxt k;nsf] cfFugdf tf; v]ln/x]sf] cj:yfdf tLg hgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿ cfP/ tf; aGb ug{ eg]sf] / tf; v]ln/xg] JolQmx¿n] /dfOnf]sf nflu tf; v]n]sfn] aGb gug{] eg]kl5 b'O{ kIfaLr ljjfb a9\b} hfFbf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;s]6 ad k|xf/ u/]sf], adsf] 5/f{ nflu t]haxfb'/ ;fpb uDeL/ 3fOt]] ePsfn]] 36gfsf]


cg';Gwfg u/L Gofo lbnfO{ kfpFm egL @)^$.)%.!^ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 Pshgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n] ljjfb x'Fb} hfFbf lghsf] ks]6af6 ;s]6 ad lgsfnL lj:kmf]6 u/fpg vf]Hbf pQm ad lghs} xftdf k8\lsFbf b'O{hgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] 36gf:yndf g} d[To' ePsf] / t]haxfb'/ ;fpbsf] 6fpsf], 3fF6L, xft, 5ftL / v'§fdf ;d]t 5/f{ nfuL g]kfnuGh d]l8sn sn]hdf pkrf/ u/fO{ tLgj6f ck/];g u/]sf] / xfn lghsf] zf/Ll/s cj:yf czQm cj:yfdf /x]sf], /fHoaf6 xfn;Dd s'g} Ifltk"lt{, /fxt tyf ;'ljwf gkfPsf]] b]lvFbf pkrf/df nfu]sf] ?= !,)),)))÷– -Ps nfv_ sf] zf]wegf{;lxt ?=@,)),)))÷– -b'O{ nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg cfjZos ePdf lgMz'Ns cf}ifwf]krf/sf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

43. hftLo lje]b, wgu9L, ldlt @)^$.&.# ut] dxfgjdLsf lbg a}t8L lhNnfsf] pbob]j uflj;l:yt dlGb/df anL r9fOPsf /fFufsf] df;' :yfgLo blntx¿n] vfg OGsf/ ubf{ z]/axfb'/ rGbnufotsf dflg;x¿n] blntx¿nfO{ s'6lk6 u/L wDsL lbPsf], k;nx¿ tf]8kmf]8 / n'6kf6 u/]sf], k|x/Ln] zflGt;'/Iff glbPsf] / 36gfkZrft\ sf/afxLsf nflu :yfgLo k|zf;gdf ph'/L lbFbf s'g} sf/afxL gePsfn]] sf/afxL / Ifltk"lt{sf] cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^$.)&.* df cfof]udf btf{ s'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf hftLo lje]blj?4df ;/sf/L tyf u}/;sf/L ;‹;+:yfx¿nfO{ ;dfj]z u/fO{ ;a} ;~rf/dfWodx¿Dffkm{t k|efsf/L ¿kdf hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/L, ug{ nufO{ hftLo lje]bsf sf/0f x'g ;Sg] 36gfx¿nfO{ lg?;flxt ug{, 36gf eOxfn]df k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ gLltut l;kmfl/; ug{] / sf/afxLsf] xsdf ;Ddflgt k'g/fj]bg cbfntaf6 km};nf ePsfn]] s]xL ul//xg'gkg{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

s}nfnL lhNnf ;'u/vfn uflj;df tNsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ;z:q ;‹if{sf ;dodf :yfgLo dgaxfb'/ zfxLsf] 3/k;ndf /fv]sf] ad @)^%÷@÷@) df lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf k|sfzgfy of]uL 8Da/ e"nsf] gfafns 5f]/f tk]G› af]x/f, /tg ljs b]jL/fh lji6, b]jL ljs, snz ahufO{+, lgd{nf e08f/L / kfj{tL h}zL u/L ;ft hgf gfafns;lxtsf JolQmx¿ 3fOt]] ePsfn]] 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg u/L 3fOt]]x¿sf] cf}ifwf]krf/ Ifltk"lt{, Iflt ePsf ;fdfgsf] Ifltk"lt{;d]t pknAw u/fpg kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^%÷$÷( df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf 3fOt]]x¿n] /fxt kfP–gkfPsf] ljj/0f dfu u/L ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM csf]{ a}7sdf k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


44. lzIff, wgu9L >L s[i0f pdflj s[i0fk'/ s~rgk'/sf ljBfyL{x¿n] z}lIfs zq ;'? ePsf] rf/ dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg kf7Øk':tsx¿ pknAw gu/fPsf] x'Fbf sIff ^ sf !!& hgf ljBfyL{x¿sf] k9\g kfpg] clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsfn]] 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL @)^(÷%÷@ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf ;hfo eO{ ;a} lhNnfx¿df ljBfnox¿df kf7Øk':tsx¿ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/dfkm{t lzIff dGqfnonfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

45. cfTdxTof, wgu9L, s~rgk'/ lhNnfb]lv uflj; j8f g++=& a:g] gf/fo0f af]x/fsf >LdftL kfj{tL af]x/f @)^(÷$÷@* df hª\undf em'lG8P/ d[t cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf lghsf>Ldfg\ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu stf/df UfPsf] cj:yfdf lgh kfj{tLdfly 3/kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:on] rfl/lqs nf~5gfnufot 3/]n' lx+;fhGo sfdsf/afxLn] d[To' ePsf] cg'dfg u/L lhk|sf s~rgk'/df hfx]/L btf{ ug{ hfFbf k|x/Ln] hfx]/L btf{ gu/]sfn] cg';Gwfg sfo{ x'g g;Sbf d[tssf kl/jf/sf] Gofo k|fKt ug]{ clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsfn]] clwsf/ /Iffsf] nflu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^(÷%÷& df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf s'g} JolQmn] cfTdxTof ug'{sf] sf/0fsf] ;"Id¿kdf vf]hL u/L k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg ug{ u/fpg cfjZos sfg'gL Joj:yf hgzlQm / ;|f]t;fwgsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ gLltut l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

46. of}gb'Jo{jxf/, afh'/f lhNnf >L bz/y pdflj cf6Lrf}/sf lzIfs z]/axfb'/ jnLn] sIff * sL 5fqf /fdsnf k/Lsf] ;+j]bgzLn cª\u 5ftLdf hj/h:tL xftn] ;'d;'DofPsfn] k|ltjfb ubf{ pN6} lghnfO{ ckzAb k|of]u u/L ufnLa]OHhtL u/]sfn] lzIfsn] u/]sf] of}gb'Jo{jxf/pk/ cfjZos 5fglag u/L dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm egL @)^(÷*÷& df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf ljBfnox¿df afnaflnsfpk/ x'g] of}gb'Jo{jxf/n] afnaflnsfx¿sf] ;fdflhs / dfgl;s kIfdf uDeL/ cf3ft kg{ hfg] / o;sf] b"/ufdL gsf/fTds k|efjn] afnaflnsfx¿sf] eljiodf c;/ kg]{ sfg'gtM afn of}gb'Jo{jxf/ b08gLo / 3[l0ft ljifo ePsfn]] o:tf 36gfsf] k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg u/L lg?T;flxt agfO{ afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ ljBfnodf eo/lxt jftfj/0fdf k9\g kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ pkfo cjnDag ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ gLltut l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

47. vf]6fª lhNnf lrp/L 8fF8f uflj; j8f g+=$ j'gf;fª 3/ eO{ sf7df8f}F lhNnf ;fFv' uflj; 8]/f u/L a:g] df};dL v]tL / dfnLsf] sfd ug{] bLks /fO{sf] ldlt @)^!.^.@ ut] sf7df8f}F lhNnf 8fF5L uflj; j8f g+=& df tTsfnLg k|;lg k'ik/fh vqLn] k|xf/ u/]sf] uf]nLaf6 d[To' ePsfn]] pQm 36gfsf] cfjZos 5fglag u/L bf]ifL k|x/LnfO{ sf/afxL / d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw


u/fO{ kfpFm egL @)^!.^.!% df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 pQm 36gfdf k|x/Lsf] ;ª\Vof b'O{ hgf /x]sf] / d[ts;lxt tLg hgfsf] ;ª\Vofdf /x]sf JolQmx¿n] b'j} kIfaLr ljjfb a9\b} hfFbf k|;lg k'ik/fh vqL;Fu ePsf] k]:tf]n vf];L bLks /fO{ efUb} ubf{ bLks /fO{n] lgh k|;lgnfO{ uf]nL xfgL 3fOt]] agfPsf] / k|x/Ln] lghnfO{ ;dflt;s]kl5 klg k|x/Ldfly cfqmd0f ug{ vf]h]sfn] cfTd/Iffsf nflu lgh k|;lg;Fu} /x]sf csf{ k|x/Ln] k]:tf]naf6 xfg]sf] uf]nL nfuL bLks /fO{sf] d[To' ePsf] kfOof]] . ;z:q åGåsf] ;dodf ePsf] pQm 36gfdf d[tssf kl/jf/n] /fHoaf6 ?=%,)),)))÷– -kfFr nfv_ /fxt k|fKt u/]sf] ;d]t b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]hL ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

48. dsjfgk'/ lhNnf dsjfgk'/u9L j8f g+= % a:g] gj/fh ;~h]nnufot cGo JolQmx¿nfO{ @)^) kmfu'g dlxgfdf -km/s–km/s ut]_ kqmfp u/L ;]gfn] u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] / a]kQf kfg{] ;Defjgf /x]sfn] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm eGg]@)^!.&.@$ df cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf ph'/L kmfonsf] cWoog ubf{ gj/fh ;~h]nafx]s cGo JolQmx¿sf] ;d]t cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ eO{ 5fglag tyf cg';Gwfg ePsf] x'g ;Sg] b]lvPsfn] ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f ;ª\sng u/L, ljj/0f ;fy cfof]usf] a}7sdf k'gM k]; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

49. ef/t b/eËf 3/ eO{ sflhsfdgf !* o6\vf a:g] dgdf]xg kf08]nfO{ ljleGg JolQmx¿n] kmf]g u/L wDsL lbg], ufnLunf}h ug{], cfˆg} sf/vfgfsf k"j{ sd{rf/L ;'gLtf lqkf7Ln] ljleGg JolQmx¿ nufO{ ;/;fdfg n'6kf6 u/fPsf] / k|x/L k|zf;gn] s'g} klg ;xof]u gu/]sfn] hLjg/Iff / bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gL sf/afxLsf nflu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL @)^*.$.!@ df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 ph'/Lstf{n] bfaL u/]adf]lhdsf sfdsf/afxL sf]xL s;}af6 gePsf] cfof]usf clws[tx¿nfO{ b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sf] / lghsf lj?4df k|x/L k|zf;gdf ;d]t ph'/L btf{ ePsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]hL ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

50. xTof, lhNnf s}nfnL wgu9L gkf !) a:g] sfn'/fd /fgfnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ldlt @)^)÷%÷!! ut] c1ft ;d"xn] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] 5 lbgkl5 dgx/f hª\undf xTof u/]sf] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL @)^@÷!@÷!* ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 kLl8t /fhgLlts ¿kdf /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{df ;+nUg eO{ wgu9L gkfsf]


j8fWoIf;d]t ePsfn]] /fhgLlts l/;OjLsf sf/0f tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLx¿n] lghsf] xTof u/]sf] eGg] egfO /x]sf] / 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf g]skf dfcf]jfbL;Fu kqfrf/ ul/Fbf s'g} hfgsf/L pknAw x'g g;s]sf] ;fy} dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 o;k"j{ klg lgh sfn' /fgfnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf] / kl5 klg /fhgLlt 5f]8\g lg/Gt/ bafa lbPsf] sf/0fn] pQm 36gfdf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] v'Ng cfPsfn] tTsfnLg åGå/t kIfaf6 lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] kfOPsf], /fxttkm{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?=#,)),))). k|fKt ul/;s]sf] kfOPsf], lghsf gfafns Ps 5f]/f / Ps 5f]/L cfl>t /x]sf] b]lvg cfPsfn] lghx¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns k7gkf7gsf] Joa:yf ldnfpg / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f / bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

51. xTof, g]kfnuGh, lhNnf 88]Nw'/f cflntfn uflj; j8f g+ * a:g] 7UuL sfdL / k|]d sfdLnfO{ ldlt @)%(÷!)÷!! laxfg k|x/Ln] hf]ua'9fsf O{Zj/L sfdLsf] 3/af6 kqmfp u/L 8ª\u];]/f vf]nfdf xTof u/L kmfn]sf] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^@÷^÷!^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 kLl8tx¿ 7uL sfdL / k|]d sfdLnfO{ ldlt @)%(.!).!! ut] laxfg !)+=)) ah]sf] ;dodf tTsfnLg hf]ua'9f j]; SofDkaf6 cfPsf ;'/IffsdL{n] dfcf]jfbLsf] cfzÍfdf kqmfp u/L xTof u/]sf] b]lvg cfPsfn] lghx¿sf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] kfOPsf], /fxttkm{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 hgxL ?= #,)),))). k|fKt ul/;s]sf] kfOPsfn] kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f / bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

52. If]sf g]kfnuGh, g]kfnuGh d]l8sn sn]h cufbLsf] Jo:t rf]sdf ad lj:kmf]6 eO{ sDtLdf h}t'g k7fgnufot !# hgf ;j{;fwf/0f 3fOt]] ePsf]df cfof]uaf6 ;f] 36gfsf] :jljj]sdf @)^@÷#÷!% ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lgh 3fOt]]x¿sf] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgMz'Ns pkrf/ eO/x]sf] kfOPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

53. kfNkf ;b/d'sfddf ldlt @)^@÷!)÷!* ut] ePsf] bf]xf]/f] le8Gtsf] qmddf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] gfO6 lehg x]lnsK6/af6 v;fn]sf] adaf6 e';fn8fF8f k|fylds ljBfnodf Iflt ePsfn]] Ifltk"lt{sf] Joj:yf ldnfOlbg cfof]udf ldlt @)^@÷!!÷$ ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 e';fn8fF8f k|fylds ljBfnosf] ejg k'glg{df{0fsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/af6 /sd k|fKt eO{ ljBfno lgdf{0f;d]t eO;s]sf] kfOPsfn] /fli6«o


dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

54. lhNnf s}nfnL ;'u/vfn @ 3/ eO{ wgu9L gkf ^ a:g] jL/axfb'/ ;fxsf] 3/df dfcf]jfbLn] n'6kf6 u/L 3/ tfnfaGbL;d]t u/L lj:yflkt u/fPsfn] 5fglag u/L k'g :yflkt u/L kfpFm @)^#÷$÷^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lj:t[t zflGt–;Demf}tfkZrft\\ lghsf] 3/hUuf dfcf]jfbLn] km's'jf ul/lbPsf], xfn lgh k'g:yf{lkt eO;s]sf] / ?=&@,))) Ifltk"lt{ kfO;s]sf] eGg] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 k|fKt hafkm b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

55. lhNnf aemfª afFemf uflj; ^ sf k|]daxfb'/ e08f/LnfO{ ldlt @)^@÷@÷!% ut] 3/}af6 c1ft ;d"xn] lnP/ uO{ zf/Ll/s oftgf lbO{ xTof u/]sf] b'O{ lbgkl5 hª\undf nf; km]nf k/]sf] 36gf 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷%÷#) ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGWfdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lghnfO{ ldlt @)^@.@.!% ut] /ftL lghs} vs{ eGg] :yfgaf6 tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLn] lnP/ uPsf] b'O{ lbgkl5 e"ld/fh ;fd'bflos jgdf xTof u/L zj kmflnPsf] cj:yfdf kfOPsfn] lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ xgg ePsf], lghn] k6s–k6s u/L /fxttkm{ ? #,)),))). k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvPsfn] kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f / bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

56. xTof, lhNnf s}nfnL ;'u/vfn ! sf bfgaxfb'/ k'gM du/nfO{ u:tLdf cfPsf ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L afF;kfgL k'¥ofO{ @)^)÷%÷@# df uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷%÷@^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 ;'/IffsdL{n] lgbf]{if JolQmsf] sAhfdf lnO{ xTof u/]sf] kfOPsfn] lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ xgg ePsf], lghsf kl/jf/n] /fxttkm{ ? #,)),))). k|fKTf ul/;s]sf] kfOPsf], lghsf cfl>t kl/jf/df gfaflnsf 5f]/L, j[4 cfdfafa';d]t ePsf] kfOPsfn] lgh gfaflnssf 5f]/Lsf] lgMz'Ns k7gkf7g / lghsf kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f ;fy} bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

57. lhNnf afFs] g]kfnuGh gkf –!! a:g] /d]z wf]jLnfO{ ldlt @)^#÷(÷!! lhk|sf afFs]sf ;'/IffsdL{ 3/af6} kqmfp u/L nuL oftgf lbPsf] egL @)^#÷!@÷$ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|lta]bgaf6 oftgf k'li6 x['g] s'g} cfwf/ k|df0f gb]lvPsf] / kLl8t elgPsf /d]z wf]jLsf] xfndf


SofG;/ /f]uaf6 d[To';d]t eO;s]sf] kfOPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

58. If]sf g]kfnuGh, ph'/L g+= %$( lhNnf afFs] lhNnf afFs] k'/}gf–& a:g] c;/km vfFnfO{ ldlt @)^@÷*÷!@ ut] 3/}af6 ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sfn] y'gfd'Qm u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷!÷@@ ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lgh y'gfd'Qm eO{ xfn ef/tdf sfo{/t /x]sf] kfOPsf], lghnfO{ u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] eGg] cfwf/ k|df0f gePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

59. lhNnf afFs] a]txfgL % a:g] ;'Gb/nfn nf]lgofnfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] @)%* ;fndf kqmfp u/L !! ut]b]lv !* ut];Dd * lbg y'gfdf /fvL oftgf lbPsf] cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#÷!÷@@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntaf6 Ifltk"lt{ gkfpg] egL km};nf u/]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) -!_ -3_ adf]lhd ph'/L vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

60. alb{of lhNnf jflgofef/ uflj; j8f g+= $ a:g] Zofdaxfb'/ yf¿nfO{ tTsfnLg g]kfnL ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L a]kQf kf/]sfn] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm eGg] ldlt @)^@.&.$ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf kLl8t Zofdaxfb'/ yf¿ :jo++n] cfkm" l/xf eO;s]sf] egL lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

61. /f]Nkf lhNnf 6]jfª uflj;sf kfStL kl/of/, k'g] lji6, uf]ljGb ljs, afn;/L /f]sf, ;d'Gb|f 3tL{ tyf P]= lhNnf u'Drfn uflj; a:g] nfndlt k'g, lhp/f k'g, t'd] a'9fyf]sL, sfd] k'g, /Tgf u'?ªnfO{ ldlt @)%*÷!@÷$ ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] egL ldlt @)^%.!.!% ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 ldlt @)^*.!).@@ ut] g} l;kmfl/; ug]{ egL lg0f{o eO;s]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_-3_ adf]lhd ph'/L vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


62. ;'v]{t lhNnf l5Gr' uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] bnaxfb'/ l;+xnfO{ ldlt @)^!÷!@÷@ ut] dfcf]jfbL ;d"xn] ;'v]{tsf] af]6]rf}/af6 ckx/0f u/L cj:yf c1ft kf/]sfn] cljnDa l/xf u/fO{ kfpFm eGgL @)^!.!@.!& ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLsf] ;d"xn] ckx/0f u/]sf] tLg dlxgfkl5 lgh :yfgLo dfgj clwsf/sdL{sf] /f]xj/df d'Qm eO{ xfn lgh zf/bf dflj l5Gr'df cWofkg/t /x]sfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

63. ph'/L g+= !&$&, If]sf g]kfnuGh, ;'v]{t lhNnf xl/x/k'/ uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] lbnaxfb'/ g]kfnLnfO{ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{df /x]sf]df cfTd ;dk{0f ubf{ kqmfp u/L Hofg d'2fdf cleof]u nufO{ sf/fuf/ sfof{no ;'v]{tdf y'gfdf /fv]sf] em'¶f d'2faf6 l/xfOsf] kxn u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^@.@.@@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf lgh xfn y'gfd'Qm eO{ cfkmg} 3/df a;f]jf; ub}{ cfO/x]sf] eGg] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

64. afFs] lhNnf g]kfnuGh gkf j8f g+= @ 3/ eO{ dlgsfk'/ /fFemf dfOtLdf a:g] jif{ #% sL sNkgf s];LnfO{ @)^% ;fpg dlxgfdf >Ldfg\ /lj/fh >]i7 / gGbuLtf >]i7n] s'6lk6 ug]{ sfo{ u/L 3/]n' lx+;f u/]sf] egL ldlt @)^%.!).!@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf xfn lghsf] 3/]n' lx+;fsf] cj:yf g/x]sf], lgh cfkm\g} 3/df a:b} cfO/x]sf] eGg] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 v'Ng cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

65. ;'v]{t lhNnf afF;kfgL uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] xif{axfb'/ af]u6LnfO{ ldlt @)%*÷@÷@* ut] dfcf]jfbLn] lj:yflkt u/]sf] egL ldlt @)^$.)!.)( ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf lgh xfn sfnLsf]6 lhNnfdf cfkm\g} 3/df :yflkt eO{ a;f]jf; ub}{ cfO/x]sf] / lghsL >LdtL j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] l;nl;nfdf xfn s'j]tdf /x]sf] egL cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


66. wg'iff lhNnf vl/xfgL uflj; j8f g+= % a:g] af}s' /fOgnfO{ dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] s'6lk6 u/]sfn] pkrf/ vr{ / Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.!).$ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lghx¿aLr ldnfkq eO;s]sf] eGg] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

67. wg'iff lhNnf ne6f]nL uflj; j8f g+= ( lrtfxf a:g] jif{ #) sf k"mnu]g s'd/nfO{ k|tfk ;fxnufot kfFr–5 hgf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] nf7L, efnf, 9'Ëf cflb k|xf/ u/L aLeT; xTof u/]sfn] bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL u/L Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.^.@( ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf xfn k|:t't ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf st{JoHofg d'2fdf btf{ eO{ cg';GWffg sf/afxL eO/x]sf] eGg] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no wg'iffsf] kq ldl;n ;+nUg /x]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no wg'iff / cfof]usf] If]qLo sfof{no hgsk'/df yk a'emL hafkm k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

68. wg'iff lhNnf ;v'jf dx]Gb|gu/ ! a:g] jif{ %@ sf ljGb]Zj/ dxtf]nfO{ wg'iff lhNnf j8f g+= * kj{tfsf wlgsnfn dxtf]n] df]6/;fOsn /f]Sg nufO{ slknb]j ;fxnfO{ s'6lk6 u/L ;fydf /fv]sf] gub ?=@,))).— / df]jfOn vf];L ljGb]Zj/ dxtf]nfO{ ckx/0f u/L nuL xTof u/]/ lghssf] hnfb vf]nfdf kmflnlbPsf] / ;f] ;DaGwdf k|x/Ldf hfx]/L lbO;s]kZrft\\ klg k|x/Ln] ck/fwLnfO{ kqmfp gu/]sf] x'gfn] lgikIf cg';Gwfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L kfpFm eGfL ldlt @)^%.%.!) ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cf/f]lkt wlgsnfn dxtf]nfO{ ;Ddflgt cbfntsf] cfb]zn] k'k{Ifsf] nflu ldlt @)^%.&.@& ut] g} sf/fuf/ k7fO{ ;lsPsf] eGg] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

69. wg'iff lhNnf a;lxof uflj; j8f g+= % a:g] jif{ !# sf df]xDdb d'jf/s /fOg / P]=P]= a:g] !) jifL{o afns ;lt; ;fx hgsk'/ hfg egL lxF8]sf]df c1ft ;d"xn] ck/x0f u/L nu]sf]df & ut] ;lt; ;fxnfO{ d'Qm u/]sf] eP klg lgh df]xDdb d'jf/s /fOgsf] cj:yf c1ft /x]sfn] ;s'zn l/xf u/fO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^&.&.!$ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lkm/f}tL /sd glbPsf] sf/0f lgh df]xDdb d'jf/s /fOgnfO{ ldlt @)^&.&.^ ut] 9'Ëf k|xf/ u/L xTof u/]sf] / ;f] 36gfsf cf/f]lkt JolQmx¿nfO{ cleof]u–kq;fy ;Ddflgt


lhNnf cbfntdf k|:t't ul/Psf]df k'k{Ifsf] nflu sf/fuf/ sfof{no hn]Zj/ k7fOPsf] eGg] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvg cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

70. wg'iff lhNnf la;/df]8f uflj; j8f g+= ! a:g] zf]let eGg] /fd zf]let ofbjnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] kqmfp u/L a]kQf kf/]sfn] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L ;s'zn l/xf u/fO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.!.# ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lgh l/xf eO;s]sf] egL :jo++n] lnlvt aofg lbPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg]{ b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

71. xTof, wg'iff lhNnf /3'gfyk'/ uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] jif{ $! sf /fdpbuf/ sfk/nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/L nf;;d]t a]kQf agfPsf] egL ldlt @)^#.!@.)& ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lghn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k6s–k6s u/L ?= #,)),)))÷– /sd k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvPsf], ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] lghnfO{ kqmfp u/L nu]kZrft\\ xTof u/]sf] kfOPsf] egL cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 v'Ng cfPsfn] lghsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/af6 jl~rt ePsf] b]lvFbf lghsf kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f, afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg / tTsfnLg ;dodf ;'/IffsdL{sf] sdfG8/ sf] lyof] < klxrfg u/L sf/afxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

72. wg'iff lhNnf e/tk'/ uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] jif{ #% sf] ljxf/L clwsf/L bg'jf/nfO{ ldlt @)^!.%.!^ ut] ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] egL cfof]udf ldlt @)^#.!@.& ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf ldlt @)^$.*.@) r=g+= !@)&, kq ;ª\Vof )^$÷)^% lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, wg'iffsf] kq ;+nUg /fvL yk kqfrf/ ug]{, ;f]sf] af]wfy{ k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no, ck/fw cg';Gwfg ljefu, dfgj clwsf/ zfvfdf lbg] / hafkm k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

73. d[To', wg'iff lhNnf e/tk'/ a:g] jif{ !* sf a|Xdb]j 7fs'/nfO{ ldlt @)^$.!.!@ ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL d[To' ePsf] egL ldlt @)^$.!.@) ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf d[ts a|Dxb]j 7fs'/sf kl/jf/n] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ?= !),)),)))÷– k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvFbf Ifltk"lt{tkm{ s]xL ul//xg'k/]g . lghsf] ;'/IffsdL{sf] uf]nL nflu d[To' ePsf] egL cg';Gwfg


k|ltj]bgaf6 v'Ng cfPsfn] tTsfnLg ;dodf ;'/IffsdL{sf] sdfG8/ sf] lyof] < klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

74. ph'/L g+= )@, If]sf lj/f6gu/, emfkf lhNnf w/dk'/ uflj; j8f g+= % 3/ eO{ sf7df8f}F dftftLy{ a:g] ;'zfGt u'?ª gful/stf agfpg egL emfkfaf6 lxF8]sf]df k;f{sf] jL/uGh pdgkf !% df ldlt @)^*.!@.$ ut] d[t cj:yfdf km]nf k/]sf] 36gfsf] k|x/Laf6 k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg gul/Psf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]udf ldlt @)&!.$.!% ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, k;f{sf] r=g+= !!$( ldlt @)&!.)%.)@ sf] kqfg';f/ pQm 36gfsf ;DaGwdf æcg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] xfn;Dd lgh s'g uf8Ldf jL/uGh lsg cfPsf] / pQm :yfgdf s]–s;/L em/L v;L d[To' ePsf] xf] eGg] v'Ng gcfPsfn] cg';Gwfg sfo{ eO{/x]sf]Æ eGg] b]lvFbf xfn lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no k;f{sf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg dfu u/L ;f]sf] af]wfy{ k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no, ck/fw cg';Gwfg ljefu, dfgj clwsf/ zfvfdf ;d]t lbO{ k'gM cfof]usf] a}7sdf k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

75. wg'iff lhNnf uf]ljGbk'/ uflj; j8f g+= @ dª\u'/fxf a:g] jif{ $% sf] /fhf/fd ofbjnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ldlt @)^!.%.!& ut] ckx/0f u/L xTof u/]sf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, wg'iffsf] ldlt @)^(.(.@% ut] r=g+= @*&^ sf] kqfg';f/ æbLk]Gb| ofbjsf] a'jf /fhf/fd ofbjnfO{ @)^!.%.!& ut] dfcf]jfbLx¿n] uf]nL k|xf/ u/L xTof u/]sf] 36gfsf ;DaGwdf o; sfof{no sf] !) g+= 8fo/Ldf cf=j+= )^!÷)^@ sf] d'2f g+= #^ df btf{ /x]sf]df dfcf]jfbLlj?4 btf{ ePsf] eGg] b]lvPsf]Æ / cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 cf/f]lkt kL8s klxrfg ePsf] b]lvFbf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, wg'iffnfO{ zL3| tyf ;"Id cg';GWffg ug{ kqfrf/ ug]{ / hafkm k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM cfof]usf] a}7sdf k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

76. wg'iff lhNnf /3'gfyk'/ uflj; j8f g+= # lgjf;L nIdL ofbjnfO{ ldlt @)^@.#.@@ ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf d[tssf kl/jf/n] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Ifltk"lt{:j¿k ?= #,)),)))÷– / lhlj;af6 ?=@%,)))÷– k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvFbf kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0fsf nflu tyf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

77. xTof, hgsk'/, wg'iff lhNnf /3'gfyk'/ uflj; j8f g+= # lgjf;L sfl/rg sfk/nfO{ ldlt @)^@.#.@@ ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'bf lghsf


xsjfnfn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Ifltk"lt{afkt ?= #,)),)))÷– / lhlj;af6 ?= @%,)))÷– k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f, d[tssf cfl>t afnaflnsfnfO{ lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

78. wg'iff lhNnf /3'gfyk'/ uflj; j8f g+= # lgjf;L xl/k|;fb ofbjnfO{ ldlt @)^@.#.@@ ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] egL cfof]udf ldlt @)^#.!@.)& ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf xsjfnfn] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Ifltk"lt{afkt ?=#,)),)))÷– / lhlj;af6 ?=@%,)))÷– k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvFbf bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0f, g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

79. tgx'F lhNnf cfj'v}/]gL uflj; j8f g+= % 9sfn6f/ lgjf;L gLltaxfb'/ u'?ªsf] 3/df ldlt @)^!÷!÷* ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] PSsf;L cGwfw'Gw uf]nL k|xf/ u/L ;DklQ Iflt u/]sfn] Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf ldlt @)^!.!.!$ ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lgj]bs / :yfgLo zflGt ;ldlt tgx'F;F+u lghsf] Ifltsf] olsg ljj/0f dfu u/L k|fKt x'g cfPkl5 cfof]usf] a}7sdf k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

80. sf:sL lhNnf wDk'; uflj; j8f g+= ! a:g] /flwsf e08f/L / lghsL !) jifL{o 5f]/L zf/bf e08f/L g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ldlt @)%(.%.#! ut] k|xf/ u/]sf] ad lj:kmf]6 eO{ 3fOt] ePsf] / lghx¿sf] 3/;d]t Iflt ePsfn]] Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ pkrf/sf] Joj:yf u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf ldlt @)$.#.@& ut] btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lgh 3fOt]]x¿nfO{ oyf]lrt Ifltk"lt{ / pkrf/ vr{ pknAw u/fpg / yk pkrf/ ug'{k/] lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf] Joj:yfsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] . ldl;ndf pNn]lvt d[ts lzj kl/of/sf] cg';Gwfg ePsf] gb]lvPsfn] lghsf] ;DaGwdf lj:t[t cg';Gwfg ug{ kmfonsf] k|ltlnlk cfof]usf] If]qLo sfof{no kf]v/fdf k7fpg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

81. ;DklQ sAhf, kf]v/f, afun'ª lhNnf lgjf;L uflj; j8f g+= # a:g] t'nfl;+x 3tL{ du/sf] 3/df ldlt @)^@.$.* ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] tfnf nufO{ ;Dk"0f{ hUuf hldg sAhf u/]sfn] ;DklQ lkmtf{ u/fO{ 3/sf] tfnf v'nfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^@.!!.!% ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no afun'ªsf] r=g+= @&@@ ldlt @)^%.!@.!$ ut]sf] kqfg';f/ ldlt @)^%.!.!@ df lhNnfl:yt Ifltk"lt{ d"Nofª\sg ;ldltsf] a}7s a;L ?=


#,*!,%))÷– ?lkofF cfly{s ;xfotf pknAwsf nflu u[x dGqfno åGåkLl8t Joj:yfkg PsfOdf k7fO;lsPsf] eGg] b]lvPsf] t/ xfn;Dd klg lghn] ;f] /sd k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf] egL cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvPsfn] ;f] /sdsf] k|rlnt Jofh;lxt x'g cfpg] hDdf /sd;lxt pknAw u/fO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L cfof]unfO{ k7fpg] l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

82. oftgf, tgx'F lhNnf c¿0ff]bo uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] jif{ !$ sf emsaxfb'/ s'dfn / jif{ !@ sf] g]qaxfb'/ s'dfnnfO{ ldlt @)^@.*.@& ut] g]kfnL ;]gf / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ u/L b'j} kIfn] oftgf lbPsf] egL ldlt @)^@.*.! ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/L xftv'§f afFwL, sf]7fdf y'gL oftgf lbPsf] sf/0f xfn;Dd klg lghx¿sf] cj:yf /fd|f] gePsf] b]lvFbf kLl8tx¿nfO{ hgxL ?=!,)),)))÷– Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg, lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ug{ / bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

83. 3fOt]], kf]v/f, sf:sL lhNnf Njfª3n]n :yfoL 3/ eO{ xfn P]= lhNnfsf] n]vgfy gkf a:g] v8\uaxfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ ldlt @)^@.)(.)( ut] r]s kf]:6df vl6Psf ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL 3fOt] agfPsf] egL ldlt @)^@.)(.!! ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 c;fjwfgL ;fy ;]gfn] sf/afxL ubf{ lgh kLl8t x'g'k/]sfn] dfgj clwsf/sf] pNn‹gdf ;+nUg ;]gfsf] klxrfg u/L ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ / kLl8tsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ u/fO{ Ifltk"lt{afkt ?= !,)),)))÷– pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

84. lhNnf 88]Nw'/f hf]ua'9f uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] nIdL hf]zLnfO{ ldlt @)^!.!!.!^ ut] cftª\ssf/Lsf] cf/f]kdf kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fvL oftgf lbPsf], @$ 306fleq d'2f x]g{] clwsf/L;dIf k|:t't gu/]sf], d'2f rnfPsf] tLg jif{;Dd klg k'k{If gu/]sf] / kl/jf/sf] ;b:ox¿;Fu e]6 ug{ glbPsfn]] y'gfd'Qm u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^@.)& .@% ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLn] a'‰bf y'gfdf elgPsf] nIdLsfGt hf]zL y'gfd'Qm eO{ xfn ;s'zn k];fJoj;fo u/L a;]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

85. ;}lgsaf6 a]kQf, alb{of lhNnf g]pnfk'/ & alb{of 3/ eO{ Onfsf x'nfsf sfof{no g]pnfk'/df xNsf/f kbdf sfo{/t jif{ #@ sf] /fdbf; rf}w/LnfO{ ldlt @)%(.!@.@^ df sfof{noaf6 ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm egL @)^@.&.& ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6


lgh /fdbf; yf¿ -/fdbf; rf}w/L_ nfO{ ldlt @)%(.!@.@^ ut] cGbfhL /flt !@M#) ah]sf] ;dodf cfk"m sfo{/t Onfsf x'nfs sfof{no e'/LufpF sfof{nodf sfd ubf{ ub}{sf] cj:yfdf tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf ;'/IffsdL{n] sfof{nodf g} cfO{ kqmfp u/L uf8Ldf /fv]/ 7fs'/åf/f Aof/]sdf nuL xfn;Dd a]kQf kf/]sf] a'lemg cfPsf] 5 . ;fy}, lghsL >LdtL ;'udtL yf¿n] åGåkLl8t /fxt:j¿k ?=#,)),)))÷– -tLg nfv_ a'em]sf] b]lvPsfn] lghsf kl/jf/nfO{ kl/k"/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

86. lhNnf afFs] g]kfnuGh j8f g+= * a:g] Oz/t cnL d's]/LnfO{ dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] wDsL lbg] u/]sfn] zflGtk"0f{ hLjgofkg ug{sf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.)@.@) ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lghnfO{ @)^# ;fndf wDsL eof] egL lbPsf] ph'/L, To;kl5 kLl8t ;Dks{df gcfPsf] / lghnfO{ 3/ 7]ufgf km]nf kfg{ g;s]lsPsf] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

87. lhNnf afFs] gf}j:yf @ a:g] j[ifaxfb'/ a'9f;d]tsf JolQmx¿ ldlt @)%(.@.!$ b]lv ;'s'Daf;Lsf] ¿kdf a:b} cfPsf]df ldlt @)^#.@.!& ut] :yfgLo / v}/gL jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x cfO{ s'6lk6 u/L af; p7fPsfn] ;'/lIft ¿kdf a:g] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.)@.!* ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 ;d]t kxn eO{ tTsfnLg ljjfb ;dfwfg ePsfn]], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

88. lhNnf s}nfnL v}nf8 # a:g] t'n;fb]jL pk]|tL tyf lghsf kl/jf/sf] gfpFdf /x]sf] hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] @)%% ;fnb]lv sAhf u/]sfn] hUuf km's'jf u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.&.( ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 xfn lghsf] hUuf sAhf d'Qm eO{ cfkm}Fn] ef]urng ul//x]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

89. g]kfnuGh, kmltdf kmfpG8];gn] d'l:nd dlxnfx¿sf nflu sfd ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf d'l:nd ljsf; ;dfh ;‹sf JolQmx¿ / cGo JolQmx¿n] wDsL lbPsf]


x'Fbf zflGt;'/Iff sfod u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.)%.* ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 kmltdf kmfpG8];gsf ;~rfns df]xdbL l;4sL;Fu kmf]g ;Dks{ u/L hfgsf/L dfu ubf{ xfn To:tf] s]xL wDsL g/x]sf]n] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL cGTo ul/lbg cg'/f]w eO{ cfPsfn], k|:t't ph'/Ldf yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg{] b]lvFbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

90. k|x/L oftgf, lhNnf s}nfnL k"mnaf/L—^ a:g] jif{ $! sf] tLy{/fh kf}8]nnfO{ ldlt @)%*÷!÷@* ut] g]kfnL ;]gf / ;z:q k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L oftgf lbPsf] kqmfp u/]sf] !% lbgkl5 d'Qm u/]klg b]a|] sfg g;'Gg] / v'§f /fd|/L grNg] ePsfn]] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm ;fy} bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.*.!( ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh tLy{/fh kf}8]nnfO{ ldlt @)%*.!.@* ut cfˆg} 3/7]ufgdf v]t hf]lt/x]sf] cj:yfdf t]3/L Aof/]ssf ;]gfx¿n] kqmfp u/L !$ lbg;Dd Aof/]sdf /fvL nfQL, nf7L, a'6 / aGb'ssf] s'Gbfn] s'6lk6 ubf{ lghsf] afofF sfgsf] >j0f zlQm x/fPsf], lgh czQm ePsf] / xfn;Dd Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] eGg] b]lvFbf Ifltk"lt{afkt ?=!,)),)))÷– -Ps nfv_, lghsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf] Joj:yf, afnaflnsfnfO{ k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf ;fy} bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

91. lhNnf h'Dnf xfs' % a:g] >LdtL dGg' kf08]nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ldlt @)%(.%.!) ut] /ftL cGbfhL !)M)) ah] ckx/0f u/L s'6lk6 u/]sfn] Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^$.)*.@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh xfn ;s'zn cfˆg} 3/df /x]sf] / s'6lk6 ePsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} klg k|df0f;d]t g/x]sfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

92. lhNnf s}nfnL u]6f uflj; j8f g+=^ j;Gtk'/ a:g] ldgf vqL anfo/nfO{ ldlt @)^$.!).)$ df klt tyf 3/kl/jf/n] af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf s'6lk6 u/L oftgf lbO{ 3/af6 lgsfnL lbPsfn]] Gofo lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^$.!).^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghx¿sf] JolQmut tyf 3/fo;L e}memu8f /x]sf]df xfn o:tf] s]xL ;d:of g/x]sf], lgh csf{] ljjfx u/L 3/hfd ub{} cfPsf] eGg] b]lvg cfPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


93. lhNnf afFs], j}hfk'/ uflj; j8f g+= * l:yt k|x/L rf}sLsf k|x/Lx¿n] v]g'dfof kf7snfO{ kqmfp u/L tLg lbg;Dd y'gfdf /flvPsf] / k'?if k|x/L a:g] sf]7fdf /flvPsfn] bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^$.$.# ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 oftgfsf pkrf/ u/fPsf] s'g} k|df0f gb]lvPsf], y'gfdf a;]afkt ?=@%,))).— -kRrL; xhf/_ k|fKt ul/;s]sf] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

94. afFs] lhNnf vf;s':df uflj; j8f g+= @ a}l/of lgjf;L cfzf s'dfnnfO{ ldlt @)^@.#.@( ut] ;]N6/ lnP/ a;]sf] a]nfdf s';'d Aof/]s afFs]af6 cfPsf] g]kfnL ;]gfn] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^$.^.( ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 kmf}hbf/L d'2f -st{Jo Hofg_ cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/leq gkg{] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) -!_ -3_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

95. afFs] lhNnf h};k'/ uflj; j8f g+=^ 3/ eO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 vh'/df ldlt @)$^.%.@! ut] b]lv Joj:yfks kbdf sfo{/t lnofs6 cnL /fOgnfO{ ;f] ;+:yfaf6 c¿ sd{rf/L;/x pkbfg glbO{ e]befj u/]sfn] lgodadf]lhd kfpg'kg{] pkbfg /sd pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^$.!.!^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgsf] ;d]t cfwf/df kLl8tsf] dfuadf]lhdsf] pkrf/ k|fKt eO;s]sf] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) -!_ -3_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

96. lhNnf afFs] vf;s':df @ a:g] e]bnfn jnLnfO{ ldlt @)^).!!.% ut] ;z:q k|x/L an s':dfsf k|x/L pk/LIfs dbgs'df/ lji6 / k|x/L lg/LIfs g/]z kf}8]nn] dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf kqmfp u/L oftgf lbPsfn]] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^%.!).!( ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 kLl8tn] oftgf k'li6 x'g] s'g} klg k|df0f k]; ug{ g;s]sf] t/ lghnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L b'Mv lbPsf sf/0f lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sf] egL pNn]v u/]sf] / ;f] ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbO{ pQm sfof{noaf6 ;h{ldg;d]t ePsf] b]lvG5 . t;y{, k|rlnt sfg'g Pjd\ ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf lj:yflkt ePsfx¿nfO{ /fxt k|bfg ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf] dfu{–lgb{]lzsfadf]lhd /fxt pknAw u/fpg / lghn]


lj:yflktsf] ;dodf a}Íaf6 C0f lnPsf] egL ph'/Ldf v'nfPsf] b]lvFbf zflGt tyf k'gMlgdf{0f dGqfnodf åGåsf] ;dodf lnPsf] C0f;DaGwL s]–s:tf] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 egL hfgsf/L dfu ug{] ;fy} kLl8t;Fu s'g a}Ídf C0f lnPsf] xf] < xfnsf] cj:yf v'nfO{ k7fpg kqfrf/ ug{] / hafkm k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM cfof]usf] a}7sdf k]; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

97. oftgf, lhNnf alb{of g]pnfk'/ % e'/L ufpF a:g] lji0f'jg ;Gof;LnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] sf7df8f}F sLlt{k'/af6 s'6lk6 u/L oftgf lbPsf sf/0f dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls gePsfn] bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL u/L Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL @)^%.@.!@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 ;'/Iff lgsfosf] egfO, cfkmGtx¿sf] jofg, uflj; sfof{no g]pnfk'/sf] l;kmfl/;, cfkmGtx¿sf] lghn] oftgf kfPsf] / cf}ifwL pkrf/sf] u/fPsf] t/ tTsfnLg ;dodf dfcf]jfbLsf] 8/ / qf;sf sf/0f sfuhftx¿ kmflnlbPsf] / 36gf k'/fgf] ePsf] sf/0f ;fIfLx¿ ;Dk{sdf gcfPsf,cf}ifwL pkrf/ u/fPsf sfuhft pknAw u/fpg g;Sg] egfO, xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt k|fKt gu/]sf] lgh kLl8t lji0f'jg xfn lbNnLdf sfo{/t /x]sf] / pkrf/;d]t u/fO/xg'k/]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] Ifltk"lt{afkt lgh lji0f'jg ;Gof;LnfO{ ?=!,)),)))÷– -Ps nfv_ pknAw u/fpg / bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

98. lhNnf afFs] a:g] dgf]hs'df/ rf}w/L / /fdj/0f s'dL{nfO{ @)^$ ;fn r}t dlxgfdf k|x/Låf/f xftxltof/;DaGwL d'2fdf y'gfdf /fvL Ps jif{kl5 hl/jfgf u/L d'Qm u/]sf] / y'gfdf /xFbf oftgf lbPsfn]] Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^%.!.@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh j;Gt elgg] 5Gbljqmd dNnsf] xltof/wf/L ;d"xaf6 xTof ePsf] b]lvPsf] / ;f] ;DaGwdf ;Ddflgt cbfntdf d'2f ljrf/fwLg /x]sfn] yk sf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg'gkg{] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

99. lhNnf afFs] g]kfnuGh gkf @ afu]Zj/L dfu{ a:g] /f]lxt df]bgjfnnfO{ ldlt @)^^.!.@& ut] g]kfnuGh a:b} cfPsf ef/tLo gful/s cfgGb u'Ktf / lghsf] 5f]/f kª\sh u'Ktfn] kmnfdsf] /8n] 6fpsf]df k|xf/ u/L Hofg lng] p2]Zon] cfqmd0f u/]sfn] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf ;fj{hlgs ck/fwdf d'2f btf{ u/fPsf]df k|x/Ln] sf/afxL cufl8 ga9fPsf] egL ldlt @)^^.#.@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 kLl8tsf] dfuadf]lhd sf/afxL eO{ ;Ddflgt cbfntdf d'2f btf{ eO{ sf/afxL cufl8 a9fOPsf] eGg]


b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

100. lhNnf afFs] k'/}gf @ a:g] jif{ @@ sf] j;Gt elgg] 5Gbljqmd dNnnfO{ ldlt @)^^.%.! ut] xftxltof/ ;d"xn] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^^.^.@# ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 ;Ddflgt cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ eO{ sf/afxL cufl8 a9]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

101. lhNnf afFs], sf/sfbf] % a:g] gGs' ;fxLnfO{ ldlt @)^^.$.!# ut] laxfg 3/}af6 ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L oftgf lbPsfn]] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL u/L kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^&.$.^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lgh kLl8tnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L Ps dlxgfkl5 5f]l8lbPsf], oftgf klg lbPsf] / pkrf/ ;'/IffsdL{n] g} u/fPsf] lyof] . xfn lghnfO{ sxLFst}af6 ;d:of gePsf] / zflGtk"j{s cfˆgf] k];f–Joj;fo ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsfn] ph'/Lpk/ yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg{] egL lghsf afa'n] lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fPsf] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

102. lhNnf afFs], a}hfk'/ ! a:g] cd/ g]kfnLnfO{ ldlt @)^&.#.% ut]sf lbg wfdk'/ Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf ;xfos k|x/L lg/LIfs / k|x/L xjNbf/n] ljgfsf/0f 3/}af6 kqmfp u/L oftgf lbPsfn]] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^&.$.^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ u/fPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 P8ef]s];L kmf]/d g]kfnuGhsf] ;xof]udf ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfnt afFs]df oftgf tyf Ifltk"lt{;DaGwL ph'/L btf{ eO{ d'2f rln/x]sf] cj:yfdf lkm/fbjfnn] d'2f lkmtf{ lnPsf sf/0f cbfntL sf/afxL cGTo ePsfn]], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

103. d]rL cfFvf c:ktfn emfkfdf !) dfr{, @)!^ df ck|];gsf] bf}/fgdf Ps la/fdLsf] d[To' x'g uPsf] / 36gfsf] cf/f]k 8fS6/ k'?iff]Qd hf]zLn] pQm lbg labfdf a:g'ePsf gd'gf e§/fO{nfO{ nufO{ gf]s/Laf6 avf{:t u/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L /f]huf/Lsf] clwsf/ ;'/lIft u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)&#.*.@$ ut]


cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]gsf] bkmf @@ adf]lhd cGo lgsfodf pkrf/sf nflu k|of; eO;s]sf] / >d sfof{no eb|k'/ emfkfsf] r=g+= !(@ k=;= )&@.)&# ldlt @)&#.)#.@^ sf] kqfg';f/ lghsf] k/LIf0fsfn ;Gtf]ifhgs gePsfn]] lghnfO{ ;]jfaf6 x6fOPsf] Aoxf]/f pNn]v ePsf] kq k|fKt ePsf] b]lvPsf] / k|:t't ph'/L cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/leq ;d]t k/]sf] gb]lvFbf, /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

104. afnaflnsf, lhNnf ;'v]{t xf]/fOhg Ps]8dL ljBfno sIff ( df cWoog/t jif{ !$ sL ;dLIff cfrfo{ ldlt @)&#.)*.@# ut] ;'v]{tdf cfof]lht Jofkf/ d]nf pb\3f6g l;nl;nfdf ¥ofnLdf lxFl8/x]sf] cj:yfdf PSsf;L a]xf]; eO{ d[To' ePsf] elgPsf] 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf @)&#.*.@$ ut] cGgk"0f{ kf]:6nufot cGo ;~rf/dfWoddf ;Dk|]if0f ePsf] k|wfgdGqLsf] :jfut ¥ofnLdf wk]8Ln] 5fqfsf] d[To' zLif{ssf] ;Dk|]|lift ;dfrf/nfO{ cfof]un] :jljj]sdf @)&#.)*.@$ df btf{ u/]sf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹ ;'v{]tn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/ d]nf pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf xf]/fOhg Ps]8dL ljBfnoaf6 xfn sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljBfno zflGt If]q /fli6«o 9fFrf / sfof{Gjog lgb{]lzsf, @)^* sf] ljk/Lt ljBfnoaf6 d]nf ;kmn agfpg] p2]Zon] ljBfnosf 5fq tyf 5fqfx¿nfO{ ¥ofnLdf ;xefuL Pjd\ k|of]u ul/Psf] cj:yfdf 5fqf ;dLIff cfrfo{ PSsf;L a]xf]; eO{ ;d'lrt pkrf/ k|fKt ug{ g;Sbf lghsf] d[To' ePsf] eGg] b]lvof] . ctM s'g} klg afnaflnsfnfO{ ¥ofnL, x8tfn, aGb, dxf]T;jh:tf lqmofsnfkdf k|of]u ul/g' afn clwsf/sf] dd{ljk/Lt sfo{ xf] . /fhg}lts :jfy{k"lt{sf nflu sf]xL–s;}n] nlIft :jfy{sf nflu afnaflnsf k|of]u ug{ gx'g]df g]kfn ;/sf/ /fhgLlts bn, eft[ ;ª\u7gx¿ ljBfno / :jo+ cleefjs ;r]t x'g'kb{5 . afnaflnsfsf] clxtdf ¥ofnL, ;ef, e]nf, dxf]T;jh:tf lqmofsnfkdf k|of]u ul/g' g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, afn clwsf/;DaGwL dxf;lGw, afnaflnsf;DaGwL P]g tyf lgodfjnL;d]tsf] ljk/Lt sfo{ ePsfn]] pko'{Qm lqmofsnfkdf afnaflnsfsf] k|of]u lgif]wsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{], ;fy} z}lIfs k|of]hgafx]s cGo s'g} k|ofhgsf nflu z}lIfs ;+:yfaf6 nluPdf k|of]u ug{ cg'dlt lbPdf ;Vt sf/afxL ug{ lzIff dGqfnonfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] / ;Dk"0f{ lhNnf lzIff sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] lg0f{o ul/of] . k|:t't 36gfdf jt{dfg sfg'gsf] pbf;Lgtf nfk/jfxL ePsf] b]lvFbf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹ ;'v{]t, KofA;g;'v{]t,;'v{]t xf]/fOhg Ps]8dLnfO{ cfufdL lbgdf o:tf 36gf bf]xf]l/g glbg ;r]t u/fpg cfof]uaf6 n]vL k7fpg]


/ d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ ?=#,)),))).– -tLg nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

105. kfNkf lhNnf aN9]ªu9L uflj; ( a:g] r'ds'df/L /f:sf]6;lxt !! hgfnfO{ ldlt @)^.!.!( ut] jg cltqmd0fsf] d'2f nfu]sf] / km};nf ug{ ;a} cË k'u]sf] eP tfklg lg=jg clws[t ePsfn]] km};nf gu/L cf/f]lktx¿nfO{ tf/]vdf /fvL Gofo k|bfg ug{ l9nfO u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf jg cltqmd0f;DaGwL d'2f ldlt @)^@.%.!^ ut] km};nf ePsf] eGg] lhNnf jg sfof{no kfNkfsf] hafkm ldl;n ;+nUg b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ -3_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

106. uf]/vf lhNnf kfFrv'jf b]p/fnL uflj; j8f g+=–% a:g] dxfk|;fb cª\ufO{nfO{ ldlt @)^).&.@! ut] k|x/Ln] kqmfp ubf{ gu/ tyf lhG;L ;fdfgx¿ lnPsf]df xfn;Dd lkmtf{ glbPsfn]] lkmtf{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^!.)^.& ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 kLl8t elgPsf JolQm dxfk|;fb cª\ufO{ l/xf eO;s]sf] / lghsf] ;fdfg lng ;Dks{ ug{sf nflu ;d]t ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 hfgsf/L eO;s]sf] / lghn] bfaL u/L lng kfpg] cj:yf ljBdfg /x]sf] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

107. DofUbL lhNnf lx:tfg ( ltTnfª a:g] jif{ ^% sf] 6]saxfb'/ ua'{hfnfO{ ldlt @)^%.!.@# ut] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] lj:yflkt u/fPsf] x'Fbf k'gM :yflkt u/fO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^%.)@.!@ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 lgh k'gM :yflkt eO;s]sf] eGg] kLl8t :jo++n] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

108. uf]/vf lhNnf d'Rrf]s % a:g] ;fg] g]kfnLnfO{ ldlt @)^(.#.@) ut] :yfgLo lbg]z ljs;d]tsf JolQmn] xTof u/]sf]df k|x/Ln] k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg sfo{ gu/]sfn] bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^(.)(.!( df cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no uf]/vfn] hfx]/L lnO{ sf/afxLsf] k|lqmofdf uO;s]sf] eGg] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


109. DofUbL lhNnf bfgf uflj; # a:g] ltt/ 3/ eO{ ;/:jtL k|fljdf sfo{/t lzIfs hLtaxfb'/ k'hf{nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf 3/df a:g glbg'sf ;fy} lzIfs k];f;d]t ug{ glbO{ lj:yflkt u/fPsfn] k'gM :yflkt u/fO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^@.#.#! ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghn] xfn :j]R5fn] /flhgfdf lbO{ Ans tyf xf]6n Joj;fo ;~rfng u/L :jtGqk"j{s hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] eGg] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

110. uf]/vf lhNnf au'jf uflj; @ a:g] lrqk|;fb e§;d]t rf/ hgfnfO{ ldlt @)^$.!@.@( ut] lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/L sf7df8f}F kms{g nfUbf uf]/vf lhNNffsf] x/df6f/L rf]sdf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] s'6lk6 u/]sfn] sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^%.!.^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgj]bsdWo]sf rLgsfhL >]i7n] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLnfO{ wGojfb lbFb} 36gf k'/fgf] ePsfn]] /]s8{ /fvL sf/afxL cGTo ul/lbg" egL lbPsfn]], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

111. gjnk/f;L lhNnf dfs/ uflj; $ 3/ eO{ sf/fuf/ sfof{no kfNkfdf /x]sf wL/axfb'/ xdfnnfO{ l56f] l/xfOsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^(.$.!& ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 x'Fbf lgh ldlt @)%(.*.@) ut] l/xf eO;s]sf] egL sf/fuf/ sfof{no kfNkfaf6 kq k|fKt ePsf] eGg] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

112. DofUbL lhNnf 3tfg uflj; & a:g] nIdL rf]vfnn] ldlt @)^).!@.@* lghsf] >ldfg\sf] d[To' eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:on] gftf k|dfl0ft gul/lbPsf] / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no tyf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ;xof]u gkfO{ gful/stf kfpgaf6 jl~rt u/fPsfn] gful/stf lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^!.!.@$ ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] kxnn] gful/stf k|fKt ul/;s]sf] egL kLl8t :jo++n] lnlvt lgj]bg lbPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


113. ef]hk'/ lhNnf ;fªkfª $ a:g] k|]dl;+x /fO{nfO{ hssf] cf/f]kdf cbfntaf6 km};nf ePsf] 36gfdf gfd ldNg uPsf] cfwf/df ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fv]sfn] l/xfO u/L kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.^.!# ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|]dl;+x /fO{ pQm 36gfdf ;+nUg gePsf] / 36gf 36fpg] JolQm ef/tsf] bflh{lnª a:g] u/]sf] x'gfn] lghnfO{ ;f]xL ;dodf g} l/xf ul/Psf] eGg] v'Ng cfPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

114. lhNnf vf]6fª g]kf{ uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] kjg /fO{;d]t tLg hgf -ofd/fh /fO{, /ljg /fO{_ nfO{ ldlt @)^*.!.!^ ut] k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L s'6lk6 u/]sf] eGg] ldlt @)^*.!.!( ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 oftgf k'li6 x'g] s'g} cfwf/ k|df0f gb]lvPsf], lghx¿ l/xf eO;s]sf] eGg] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

115. lhNnf ;f]n'v'Da' ;Nofg uflj; j8f g+= * a:g] efg'eQm lg/f}nf ldlt @)&#.@.@* ut] ;dfrf/ k|;f/0f u/]sf sf/0f s[i0fk|;fb zdf{ / k'is/ af]u6Ln] wDsL lbPsf] x'Fbf Gofo lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)&#.@.#) ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b'j} kIfaLr lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;f]n'v'Da'df 5nkmnaf6 ldnfkq eO{ 6'ªuf] nflu;s]sf] eGg] b]lvFbf yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg{] ePsfn]], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

116. lhNnf vf]6fª lbQ]mn gkf @ l:yt xf]6n z'elbgdf sfd ug{] dfof tfdfª / lghsL 5f]/L k|s[lt tfdfªnfO{ ldlt @)&#.!.!! ut] df]afOn rf]/Lsf] cf/f]k nufO{ xf]6n ;~rfns;d]tsf JolQmx¿n] s'6lk6 ug'{sf ;fy} lghsL 5f]/LnfO{ of}g b'Jo{jxf/;d]t u/]sf] egL k|x/LnfO{ ph'/L lbPsf]df k|x/Laf6 k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg gePsfn]] cfjZos cg';Gwfgsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]usf] :jljj]sdf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf ldlt @)&#.*.!^ ut] ;Ddflgt cbfnt vf]6fªaf6 k}m;nf eO;s]sfn] yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg{] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


117. lhNnf cf]vn9'Ëf aNv' % cfFk6f/ a:g] s'df/axfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ ldlt @)^!.!).& ut] dfcf]jfbLx¿n] rGbf dfu ubf{ jfbljjfb ePsf]df sf/afxL ug{] wDsL lbPsfn] lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sfn] k'gM:yflkt u/fO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^@.$.!& ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghn] lhk|sf cf]vn9'Ëfaf6 ?= %),))).– -krf; xhf/_ /sd k|fKt u/]sf], d'Qm eO;s]sf], 3/hUuf lkmtf{ eO{ cfkm\g} ef]urng ub{] cfPsf] / xfn k'gM:yflkt;d]t eO;s]sf] eGg] b]lvFbf, k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

118. lhNnf cf]vn9'Ëf k"mnaf/L uflj; # ebf}/] a:g] ozf]bf sfsL{n] gful/stf lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)&#.#.!% ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg xFbf ldlt @)&#.$.$ ut] tyf lghsL cfdfn] gful/stf k|fKt ul/;s]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn], k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

119. lhNnf afh'/f u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmdsf vl/bf/ s[i0faxfb'/ aflgofFnfO{ ldlt @)^).!).@^ ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 ;f]wk'5sf] nflu af]nfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf nuL y'gfdf /fvL oftgf lbPsfn] bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL u/LkfpFm egL ldlt @)^@.*.@& ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 tTsfnLg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf lgldQ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ;'/]Gb| kf}8]n / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs ;'lbk cfrfo{;d]tsf] cfb]zdf 36gfdf ;+Ung cGo k|x/L;d]tn] lgh s[i0faxfb'/ aflgofFnfO{ ldlt @)^).!).@^ ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no afh'/fdf af]nfO{ ;f]wk'5 ug'{5 egL lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf y'gfdf /fv]sf] tyf ;f]xL sfddf lghnfO{ oftgf lbPsf] eGg] b]lvg cfPsfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf u[x dGqfno, k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no, tTsfnLg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs;d]tnfO{ ;f]wL ;ft lbgleq hfgsf/L dfu ug{], hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g gcfPdf cfof]un] plrt lg0f{o ug{] / kmfon k'gMcfof]usf] a}7sdf k]; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

120. ef/t 3/ eO{ xfn g]kfnuGh gu/kflnsf jL/]Gb k|x/L Jofofdzfnf glhs rf}w/L c6f] df]jfON;df ld:qL sfd ug{] n'sdfg d]u/fgLnfO{ ldlt @)^@.!!.@# ut] laxfg g]kfnL ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L nu]sfn] hLjg/Iff u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 kLl8tsf] xfnsf] cj:yf a'‰g] k|of; ubf{ lgj]bs;d]t km]nf gk/]sf] eGg] kfOPsfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf If]lqo


sfof{no g]kfnuGh;Fu ;d]t ;xsfo{ u/L yk a'emL hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM cfof]usf] a}7sdf k]; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

121. lhNnf alb{of 7fs'/åf/f $ ;'t}of a:g] e"k]Gb|s];LnfO{ @)%* ;fn r}t @% ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L @)^@.*.@& ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh e"k]Gb|s];LnfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] 7fs'/åf/f Aof/]sl:yt a/vbn u0fsf] 6f]nLn] @)%*.!@.@% ut] ;fFem %=)) ah]sf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf kqmfp u/L xfn;Dd a]kQf kf/]sf] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] ldlt @)%*.!@.@% ut] alb{ofsf] 7fs'/åf/f uflj;cGtu{tsf j8f ufpFdf ;r{ ubf{ ;'/Iff 3]/f tf]8L efUbf e"k]Gb| vqLsf] ;'/IffsdL{sf] sf/afxLdf d[To' ePsf] eGg] egfO tYo;Ët /x]sf] kfOPg eGg] b]lvPsfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf a/vbn u0fsf tTsfnLg u0fkltnfO{ aGb;jfn k7fpg] / ;ft lbgleq hfgsf/L dfu u/L k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM cfof]usf] a}7sdf k]; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

122. oftgf, s}nfnL lhNnf x;'lnof uflj; j8f g+= ! s] ufpF a:g] eLdaxfb'/ sf]nLnfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] cfzª\sfdf ;'/IffsdL{n] ldlt @)%(.&.& ut] af}lgof k|x/L rf}sLdf nuL s'6lk6 u/]sf], P]hgsf] h'u]8fdf k;ndf al;/x]sf] ;dodf ;]gfsf] 6f]nLn] dfcf]jfbL egL s'6lk6 u/]sf / s]xL lbgkl5 dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{n] klg lk6]sf sf/0f lghsf] dfgl;s cj:yf lalu|Psfn] lghdf cfl>t >LdtL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, tyf lghsL j[4 cfdfsf] ljrNnL ePsf] / lghsf] pkrf/ u/fpg] s'g} ;|f]t gePsfn]] afnaflnsfsf] lzIffbLIff tyf k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf / plrt Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^#.!!.@^ ut] cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh eLdaxfb'/ sf]nLnfO{ g]kfn k|x/Lsf sd{rf/L, g]kfnL ;]gf tyf dfcf]jfbL ltg} kIfaf6 s'6lk6 u/L zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf lbPsf] / lghsf] xfn;Dd klg zf/Ll/s cj:yf sdhf]/ /x]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] oftgf lbPafkt lghnfO{ ?=!,)),))).– -Ps nfv_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg, lghnfO{ pkrf/ vr{afkt ?= &%,))).– -krxQ/ xhf/_ pknAw u/fpgsf ;fy} lgoldt pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg / bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lh sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

123. ;DklQ Iflt,g]kfnuGh, lhNnf afFs] sDbL ( a:g] x's'daxfb'/ s];Ln] ldlt @)^).&.@@ ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] wgdfn n'6L nu]sfn] Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL ldlt @)^$.(.!* ut] cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lghsf] ;DklQ Iflt ePsf] s'/f olsg u/L lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] -afFs]_ zflGt tyf k'gMlgdf{0f dGqfnodf Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd pknAw u/fpg n]vL k7fPsf]df kLl8tn] xfn;Dd klg k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvPsfn] lghnfO{


Ifltk"lt{afkt ?=!,)@,)$).– -Psnfv b'O{ xhf/ rfnL;_ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

124. lhNnf afFs] srgfk"/ uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] lxdL vqLnfO{ ;f]xL 7fpF a:g] ;"o{bn u'Nd /f/f -d'u'_ sf l;ljn hjfg kbdf sfo{/t xl/nfn vqLn] ldlt @)%(÷)#÷@# df xftkft u/L cg'lrt sfo{ ug]{ pBf]u u/]sfn] cfjZos 5fglag u/L kfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ ck'u b]lvPsfn] kLl8t :jo+nfO{ a'emL yk cg';Gwfg u/L k7fpg] ljifodf cfof]usf] If]qLo sfof{no, g]kfnuGhnfO{ kmfon;lxt n]vL k7fpg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

125. ;DklQ sAhf, lhNnf ?s'd, ljh]Zj/L uflj;cGtu{t pBf]u jfl0fHo ;‹, zfvf sfof{no rf}/hxf/Ldf cfa4 eO{ k;n ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf Jofkf/Lx¿nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ufpF hg;/sf/ ;ldltdf Joj;fo btf{ ug]{ bafa lbFb} cfPsf, ;f]adf]lhd btf{ gu/]sf] egL ldlt @)^)÷)&÷!& ut] k;n u/L a;]sf lxdk|;fb zdf{sf] k;nsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfg n'l6Psf] / cGo !( j6f k;nnfO{ aGb ug]{ ;"rgf 6fF; u/L uPsfn] n'l6Psf] ;fdfgsf] Ifltk"lt{ / cGo Jofkf/Lx¿nfO{ :jtGq ¿kdf Jofkf/ u/L hLljsf]kfh{g ug{ kfpg] jftfj/0f ldnfpg kxn ul/lbg egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lpk/ cfof]uaf6, cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df lgh xf]dk|;fb zdf{sf] k;n g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] tf]8kmf]8 u/L cGbfhL ?=*,%),))).– a/fa/sf] Iflt ePsf] tTsfnLg ;dodf k|x/Laf6 d"NofÍg;d]t ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . @)^) ;fndf ePsf] pQm d"NofÍg /sd dfq pknAw u/fpFbf Goflos gx'g] x'Fbf pQm Iflt d"NofÍg /sdnfO{ xfnsf] b]lvPsfn] lghsf] @)^) ;fnsf] Iflt d"NofÍgsf] /sd xfnsf] ahf/ d"Noadf]lhd sfod u/L Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

126. ad lj:kmf]6, lhNnf s~rgk'/ uflj; j8f g+= % s;'jf eGg] :yfgdf ldlt @)^!÷#÷!@ df tfTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ 5fkfdf/n] af]s]sf] lu|g]6 lj:kmf]6 x'Fbf ;f]xL :yfg a:g] ;j{;fwf/0f jif{ & sf] nf}xf}/fd /fgfsf] 36gf:yndfg} d[To' ePsf] / cGo tLghgf jif{ !) sf /fd;dfh /fgf, jif{ !! sf /fdl;+x /fgf tyf jif{ #) sf dfof/fd /fgf 3fOt] ePsf] ljifodf cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df d[ts nf}xf}/fd /fgfsf] kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{{ afkt ?= #,)),))).– nfv pknAw u/fpg, pQm 36gfdf k/L ckfË ePsf gfafns /fd;dfh /fgf / gfafns /fdl;+x /fgf lgh b'a} hgfnfO{ Ifltk"lt{{ ;fy} lgMz'Ns cf}ifwL pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ n]vL k7fpg]] lg0f{o ul/of] .


127. ank"j{s a]kQf;Fu ;DalGwt /x]sf, xfnnfO{ ank"j{s a]kQf;DaGwL ph'/Ldf s'g} lg0f{o gug{], ank"j{s a]kQf;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ ph'/L kmfonx¿sf] cWoog u/L 5'§} /fvL x]g{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

tfd]nL

128. ad lj:kmf]6 M lhNnf s}nfnL 6Lsfk'/ ! a:g] jif{ !% sf] Zofd;'Gb/ rf}w/L 6Lsfk'/ gu/kflnsfsf], s0ff{nL gbLsf] k'nglhs k'u]sf] ;dodf tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ nlIft u/L xfg]sf] uf]nLafns Zofd;'Gb/ rf}w/Lsf] bflxg] v'§fdf nfUg k'u]sf] / 3fOt] ePsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYox¿sf] cfwf/df lgh 3fOt]nfO{ Ps nfv ?lkofF Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg / lghsf] lg/Gt/ lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ n]vL k7fpg]] lg0f{o ul/of] .

129. ad lj:kmf]6, alb{of lhNnf augfx uflj; j8f g+= # a:g] a'l4;fu/ Gof}kfg]sf] 3/df ldlt @)^@÷@÷@& df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ad lj:kmf]6 u/fO{ Iflt k'¥ofPsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df lghsf] 3/df k'Ug uPsf] Iflt / 3/leqsf rn ;DklQ;d]t Iflt ePsf] a'lemPsf] / lghn] xfn;Dd klg sxLFst}af6 Ifltk"lt{ gkfPsf] x'bfF ;Dk"0f{ Ifltsf] d"NofÍg u/L pko'Qm Ifltk"lt{{ /sd pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ n]vL k7fpg] .

130. bf]nvf e';fkm]bf uflj; @ nfns'df/ l3l;ªnfO{ ldlt @)^*÷(÷@! Dff ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf /fwfb]jL ;'g'jf/;Fusf] Ifltk"lt{;DaGwL d'2fsf] tf/]v lng sf7df8f}Fdf /x]sf avt sf7df8f}F lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] cfb]z eGb} kqmfp k'hL{ljgf kqmfp u/L u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf yk tYo ;ª\sngsf nflu sf7df8f}Fsf nflu tTsfnLg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L /Tg]Zj//fh kf08], k|x/L pk/LIfs /fh]Gb| >]i7, k|x/L lg/LIfs hLjnfn r'8fn;d]tnfO{ aGb ;jfn n]vL k7fpg] .

131. lhNnf afh'/f u|fdL0f k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmdsf vl/bf/ kbdf sfo{/t s[i0faxfb'/ aflgofnfO{ ldlt @)^)÷!)÷@^ ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 ;f]wk'5sf nflu af]nfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf nuL y'gfdf /fvL oftgf lbPsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf kmfon ;+nUg tYo ljj/0fsf] cWoog ubf{ ph'/Lstf{ :jo++;Fu 36gfsf] ljifodf yk a'em\g] / kmfon ;+nUg tYodf pNn]lvt rfdn n'6kf6sf] 36gf ljifodf cGo sxLF ph'/afh'/ u/]–gu/]sf] ljifodf ;f]wL n]vL k7fpg]] .


132. ef/t :yfoL 3/e} g]kfnuGh rf}w/L c6f]df]afON;df ld:qL sfd ug]{ n'udfg d]s/fgLnfO{ ldlt @)^@÷!!÷@# df tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L nfu]sfn] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ kqmfp u/]s} lbg ;fFemkv g]kfnuGhs} k'iknfn rf]sdf k'uL l/xf u/]sf] / xfn lgh g]kfnuGh pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] sf/sfFbf]df cfˆg} Joj:ffo Pu|f] c6f] df]afON; ;~rfng u/L :jtGq hLjg JotLt ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] ank"j{s a]kQfsf] tYofÍaf6 nut s§f u/L ph'/L 6'ª\Uofpg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

133. lhNnf k;f{, jL/uGh pkdxfgu/kflnsf afn dlGb/sL lzlIfsf zflGt cof{nn] lgodfg';f/ kfpg'kg]{ kfl/>lds gkfPsfn] kfl/>lds lbnfO{ dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYo k|df0fn] pQm ljifo s/f/Lo bfloTjsf] ljifo b]lvPsf] x'Fbf cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/leq gkg]{ b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/L vf/]hL ug]{ .

134. hgsk'/, Zofd lszf]/ ofbjsf] xTof, tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

135. lj:yflkt, clgns'df/ lk|obzL{, pQm ph'/Lx¿df pNn]lvt l;of/fd ofbjsf] xTof ;DaGwdf cfof]udf ph'/L kg{ cfP–gcfPsf] a'emL kg{ cfPsf] eP tLg} hgfsf] ph'/L;Fu} /fvL cWoog u/L k]; ug]{ . k'gMk]; ug]{

136. lhNnf af/f lkk|f l;d/f ! 3/ eO{ g]kfnL ;]gfdf sfo{/t k|df]bljqmd l;+xsf] 3/hUuf @)^%÷^÷^ df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sfo{stf{n] sAhf u/L ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ ljt/0f u/]sf] eGg] ljifodf cfˆgf] 3/hUuf lgjf{w ¿kdf pkef]u ug]{ jftfj/0f ldnfO{ lbg cfjZos kxn ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf g]kfnL ;]gf, sfo{/yL ljefuaf6 cfof]unfO{ k|fKt lgj]bgdf cfof]uaf6 ePsf] cg':fGwfg ;+nUg k|df0fsf cfwf/df lg0f{o ug'{k"j{ lgh k|df]bljqmd l;+xnfO{ 3/hUuf sAhf;DaGwL xfnsf] Joa:yf s]–s:tf] 5 egL kqfrf/ ug]{ .

137. lhNnf k;f{ jL/uGh sf/fuf/df /x]sf s}bLaGbLn] y'g'jfsf] clwsf/ ;DaGwdf btf{ u/fPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwgdf k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf] tYodf pNn]lvt l;kmfl/;;Fu d]n vfg] u/L cfof]uaf6 o;cl3 g} gLltut l;kmfl/;x¿ ePsf] k|ltj]bg;d]t k|sfzg ePsf] / pQm ljifox¿ ;d]l6;s]sf] x'Fbf cfufdL lbgdf pQm l;kmfl/;x¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ lg/Gt/ bafa ;[hgf ug'{kg]{ . xfn o; ph'/LnfO{ tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

138. lhNnf k;f{ j8f g+= ( /fd6f]n 8]/f u/L a:g] ;fljlq / zq'Wg kf08]nfO{ k|x/L wDsL lbPsf] / b'Jo{jxf/ u/sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf k|fKt tYoaf6 / lgh ph'/Lstf{ :jo++dn] xfn ;d:of g/x]sf]n] ph'/L


tfd]nLdf /flvlbg" egL ldlt @)^(÷(÷@% df cfof]u;dIf pkl:ylt eO{ eg]adf]lhd ph'/L tfd]nLdf /fVg'' .

139. lhNnf slkna:t' :yfoL 3/ eO{ k;f{ jL/uGh @ a:g] df]=co"j vfFnfO{ @)^*.#.@* ut] g]kfn k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fvL b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df ;'/IffsdL{n] lgh df]= co'j vfFnfO{ ;'/Iff k|bfg ug]{ pb]Zon] k|x/L lgu/fgLdf /fv]sf] s'g} lsl;dsf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g u/]sf] gkfPsfn] ph'/L vf/]h ug]{ .

140. lhNnf l;/fxf, nfxfg gkf $ a:g] bLkf 7fs'/nfO{ ckx/0f z}nLdf dfOtL kIfn] lnP/ uPsf] / Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf k6s–k6s cg'/f]w ubf{ s'g} ;'g'jfO gePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf o; cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfgsf qmddf lgh bLkf 7fs'/ ;s'zn cfkm\gf] ktL ldlyn]z ofbj;Fu cfkm\gf] 3/df /x]sf]n] ph'/L 6'ª\Uofpg lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fPsfn] kmfon ;+nUg sfuhftsf cfwf/df ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

141. lhNnf kfFry/ lkmlbd ! lgjf;L k|]daxfb'/ sfkm\n] nufot !$ hgfsf] 3/hUUffdf ldlt @)^).$.@@ ut] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hn] j]; SofDk :yfkgf ug{ sAhf u/]sf] ;DaGwfdf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Ldf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgsf qmddf k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df xfn lghx¿sf] 3/ tyf hUufx¿ lkmtf{ e};s]s]f, k|of]]u u/]afktsf] sl/a !@ jif{sf] efu e'QmfgL u/]s]f clwu|x0f u/]/ lkmtf{ gePsf] 3/ tyf hUufsf] ;d]t d'cJhf lbO;s]s]f eGg] cfwf/df ph'/L 6'ª\Uofpg dgfl;j b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod #) sf] pklgod !-3_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

142. lhNnf Onfd sGofd uflj; $ sL uLtf utf{}nfnfO{ tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df xfn lgh uLtf utf}{nfsf] ljjfx e};s]sf] / ef/tsf] sf]nsQfl:yt Ps c:ktfndf :6fkm g;{sf] ¿kdf /x]sf], lghsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf yk sf/afxL ug{ gkg{] eGg] lghsL cfdf k|]df e§/fO{ -utf{}nf_sf] aofg ;+Ung k|df0fsf cfwf/df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod #) sf] pklgod !-3_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

143. lhNnf cf]vn9'ª\ufcGt{ut :yfgLo lgsfodf sfo{/t t]haxfb'/ a'9fyf]sL;d]t cGo !( hgf uflj; ;lrj / cGo k|fljlws sd{rf/L;d]tnfO{ tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] wDsL lbPsf], /flhgfdf lbg bafa lbPsf] sf/0f k];fut


clwsf/af6 jl~rt ePsf] eGg] ;fd"lxs ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 t]haxfb'/ a'9fyf]sLsf] ;DaGwdf lgh k'gM:yflkt e};s]sf] / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Ifltk"lt{;d]t kfO;s]sf] b]lvP tfklg cGo ph'/Lstf{sf ;DaGwdf s'g} hfgsf/L cg';Gwfg ;+nUg gb]lvPsfn] cg';Gwfg cw'/f] b]lvPsf] x'Fbf cGosf] xsdf s]–s:tf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 ;Dk"0f{ a'emL k7fpg pIf]sf vf]6fªnfO{ n]vL k7fpg]] .

144. lhNnf ;Kt/L /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf lhNnf sfo{ ;ldltsf ;efklt Pjd\ If]q g+=# sf pd]bjf/ >L uf]ljGb l;+xnfO{ Hjfnf l;+x ;d"xn] ldlt @)^$÷!@÷# df lgoGq0fdf lnO{ n'6kf6 u/]sf] 36gf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgsf qmddf lgh :jo++nfO{ e]6 u/L k|fKt hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df xfn s'g} ;d:of g/x]sf], pQm ph'/L kf6L{n] lghnfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L glbO{ btf{ u/fPsf], 36gf 36\bfsf avt;d]t cfkm"n] Tolt uDeL/ ¿kdf glnPsf] / xfn ;fdfGo ¿kdf ;xh hLjg JotLt e}/x]sf] xF'bf ph'/L 6'ª\UofOlbg cfu|x u/]adf]lhd /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o .

145. lhNnf l;/fxf demf}/f uflj; –! 3/ ePsf /fdglugf ofbjsf] @)^#÷!÷!* ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;DklQ sAhf u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df kLl8t;Fu k|ToIf lnOPsf] hgsf/L;d]taf6 xfn lghsf] sAhf ;DklQ lkmtf{ e};s]sf] / s'g} 8/, wfs wDsL;d]t g/x]sf] ;fdfGo / ;xh hLjg JotLt e}/x]sf] xF'bf ph'/L 6'ª\UofOlbg] aofg ;+nUg k|df0fsf cfwf/df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o .

146. lhNnf l;/fxf l;;jgL & a:g] ef};fO{ d08n / P]=P]= a:g] x]dntf rf}w/LaLr k|]d ljjfx ePsf] ljifodf cGt/hftLo ljjfxsf] ljifodf ufpF ;dfhn] dfgl;s tgfj lbPsf] / lj:yflkt u/fPsf] eGg] 36gf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 k|fKt tYosf cfwf/df tTsfnLg 36gfsf] ljifodf ufpF ;d'bfo ldnL 5nkmn / d]nldnfk e};s]sf], xfn ;d'bfod} /xL kfl/jfl/s hLjg JotLt ul//x]sf, 5'jf5't e]befj g/x]sf] eGg] kfOPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_/ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o .

147. lhNnf k;f{ pkdxfgu/kflnsf Og/jf a:g] df]xDdb ldof cG;f/Lsf] ldlt @)^^ sflQs !@ ut] ;z:q k|x/lsf] s'6lk6af6 d[To' ePsf] 36gf ;DaGwdf kmfon ;+nUg sfuhftaf6 pQm 36gf nLnf k|x/L sfof{no, k;f{df hfx]/L kg{ uO{


k|x/lsf] !) g= 8fo/Ldf st{Jo Hofg zLif{sdf d'2f btf{ eO{ cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] b]lvPsfn] o; ph'/LnfO{ cu|flwsf/ lbO{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6} xfnsf] cj:yfsf] ljifodf hfgsf/L dfu u/L lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no k;f{nfO{ kqfrf/ u/L yk a'emL k'gM k]; ug{] .

148. lhNnf vf]6fª g]kf{ & a:g] /ljg /fO{nfO{ k|x/Låf/f lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] ;dodf s'6lk6 tyf oftgf lbPsf] eGg] ldlt @)^*.!.!( sf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf :jo++ kLl8tnfO{ e]6L hfgsf/L lnFbf xfn cj:yf ;fdfGo /x]sf], :jtGq ¿kdf hLjgofkg e}/x]sfn] ph'/L 6'ª\UofOlbFbf x'G5 eGg] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] kmfon ;+nUg b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

149. lhNnf af/f lkk|f uflj; # 3/ eO{ k;f{ lhNnf jL/uGh pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !* a:g] /]0f'b]jL l;+x / lghsf] b'O{ hgf 5f]/L ;'dg l;+x / ;f]gL l;+x;d]t tLg hgfnfO{ ldlt @)^* efb| @# ut] 3/af6} ljgfk'hL{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] / lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf :ynut cg'udgsf qmddf kLl8t :jo++nfO{ e]6L hfgsf/L lnFbf xfn xfdL :jtGq ¿kdf hLjg JotLt ul//x]sf 5f}F, ;f] ljifo la;{g rfxG5fF}, xfd|f] ph'/L 6'ª\UofOlbFbf x'G5 eGg] hfgsf/L lbPsf] kmfon ;+nUg b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

150. lhNnf ef]hk'/ af]lvd uflj; $ a:g] pQ/wg /fO{ / P]=P]=uflj; * a:g] w'j|s'df/ tfdfªnfO{ ldlt @)^(÷@÷& df ;'Gtn] k|x/L rf}sLdf sfo{/t k|x/Lx¿af6 lgoGq0fdf lnO{ oftgf lbPsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 tTsfn} ;DalGwt sfof{nox¿df kqfrf/ ePsf], lghx¿lj?4 ;fj{hlgs ck/fw P]gcGtu{t d'2frnL sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO;s]sf], xfn lghx¿ :jtGq ¿kdf hLjgofkg u/L cfPsf] kmfon ;+nUg k|df0fsf cfwf/df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

151. lhNnf l;/fxf hdbx ( df lx/f ;bfnfO{ ;fj{hlgs Ogf/df kfgL eg{ hfFbf tfdfª ;d'bfosf dlxnfn] lje]b u/]sf] / s'6lk6;d]t u/]sf] eGg] ldlt @)^(÷#÷% sf] ph'/Lsf] ljifodf :ynut cg'udgsf qmddf a'em\bf pQm 36gfdf tTsfn} :yfgLo dlxnf clwsf/sdL{ / blnt clwsf/sdL{x¿sf] kxndf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ldr}{ofsf] /f]xj/df d]nldnfk ePsf], kL8sn] uNtL


:jLsf/ u/L dfkm dfu]sf] xfn s'g} ;d:of g/x]sf] eGg] kmfon ;+nUg tYosf cfwf/df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_/ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

152. lhNnf l;/fxf j:tLk'/ uflj; j8f g+= # a:g] /Tg;fu/ Kofs'/]nnfO{ k|x/Ln] oftgf lbPsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg / kLl8tsf] cfdfa'af / ph'/Lstf{ :jo+n] ph'/LnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg'kb}{g egL cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg 6f]nLnfO{ hfgsf/L lbPsf] xF'bf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_/ -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o .

153. lhNnf ;'g;/L, a/fxIf]q uflj; j8f g+= ! df /x]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf ePsf] >L /fwfs[i0f j]b j[4f>dnfO{ lj=;+= @)%( ;fnb]lv ef]uflwsf/ lbPsf] hUufdf j]b j[4f>dsf] ejgdf a;L @)!% ;fnb]lv a;f]af; ul//x]sf @# 3/ kl/jf/nfO{ ldlt @)&)÷(÷!% ut] #% lbgleq hUuf vfnL ul/lbg" egL ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L ePsfn]] pko'Qm ljsNk;lxt Gofof]lrt 9ª\un] k'g:yf{kgf u/L p7fOg] jftfj/0f ldnfOof];\ eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 :ynut cg'udgsf qmddf k|fKt tYox¿sf cfwf/df k|zf;gn] pko'Qm sfg'gL k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ vfnL u/]sf], ;'?df ;fdfGo ;d:of cfP tfklg ;fd"lxs 5nkmn u/L pQm 7fpF a;f]af; u/l/x]sfx¿sf] lrQ a'emfPkl5 /fhLv';Ln] 5f8]/ hfg'ePsf] eGg] hfgsf/Lsf cfwf/df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pk lgod @ / % adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

154. lhNnf emfkf latf{df]8 @ lgjf;L !@ jifL{o rlGb|sf 9sfnnfO{ P]=P]= lgjf;L zDe' e08f/Ln] ldlt @)&! c;f]h @$ ut] ha/h:tL s/0fL ug{ vf]h]sf] cf/f]kdf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no latf{df]8df ha/h:tL s/0fLsf] pBf]u ljifodf d'2f rnfO{ ;lsPsf] eP tfklg ljleGg kIfx¿af6 cf/f]lktnfO{ 5'6fpg] cfzÍf /x]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf o; ph'/LnfO{ cu|flwsf/ lbO{ lhNnf cbfnt emfkfnfO{ kqfrf/ u/L km};nfsf] skL dfUg], s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 cfjZos kqfrf/ ug]{ / km};nfsf] skL k|fKt ePkl5 cfof]udf k'gM k]; ug{] .

155. lhNnf wg'iff, hgsk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g++= ! a:g] jif{ @% sf] ;'wL/s'df/ dxtf]nfO{ ldlt @)&!÷)&÷@^ ut] lhNnf k|x/Ln] ljgfk'hL{ kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fv]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt tYysf cfwf/df lghnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ck/fwcGt{ut Goflos lx/f;tdf /fvL sf/afxL ePsf] kqmfp k'hL{ / :jf:Yo k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg;d]t k|x/Laf6 pknAw u/fPsf] b]lvFbf lgh ;'wL/s'df/ dxtf]sf] bfaL ;To ePsf] gb]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -


ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -!_ -ª_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug{] .

156. lhNnf ;'g;/L, sKtfgfuGhuflj; j8f g+=# sf lbgfgfy d]xtfnufot ;ft hgf JolQmnfO{ @)&@ c;f/ !^ ut] cGbfhL /ftL !)M#) sf] ;dodf sKtfgu0fl:yt g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u'Nddf sfo{/t tLg hgf ;]gfx¿n] cGwfw'Gb s'6lk6 u/L gf} /fpG8 xjfO{ kmfo/;d]t u/]/ qf; ;[hgf u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|fKt k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ePcg';f/ pQm 36gf ;DaGwdf ;]gfsf] tk{maf6 ;Dk"0f{ pkrf/ vr{ / Ifltk"lt{ kLl8tx¿nfO{ pknAw u/fPsf], xfn ldnfkq eO;s]sf] s'g} ;d:of 5}g, cfof]un] yk cg';Gwfg ug'{gkg{] eGg] kLl8t :jo++sf] egfO /x]sf] kfOPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ / -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o .

157. lhNnf dsjfgk'/ x]6f}+8f pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g++= @ a:g] l8ns'df/L uf}tdn] ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] lghsf] 5tdflyaf6 xfO6]G;g -!#@ s]=eL_ nfOg tfgL u}/lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ sfo{ u/]sf] pQm xfO6]G;gnfOg x6fO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cfjZos cg';Gwfgsf nflu kqfrf/ x'bfF g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0fn] lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ pQm ljifodf cfof]hgf k|d'vnfO{ ljkIfL agfO{ lbPsf] lgif]wf1f, k/dfb]z d'2f k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf bfo/ eO{ lgj]bssf] bfaL k'Ug g;Sg] egL g]kfn ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf] kIfdf km};nf e};s]sf] kfOPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -!_ -ª_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug{] .

158. lhNnf emfkf bds gkf j8f g+= ^ lgjf;L lvgdfof lzjfsf]6LnfO{ ->Ldfg\_ klt;lxt 3/ kl/jf/af6 lx+;f ePsf] / tLg hgf 5f]/f5f]/L;lxt 3/af6 lgsfnf u/L lj:yflkt u/fPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf kmfonsf] lj:t[t cWoog u/L kLl8tsf] xfnsf] cj:yf s]–s:tf] 5<;f]wL kqfrf/ ug{] / hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM cfof]]udf k]; ug{] .

159. lhNnf vf]6fª lbQm]n gu/kflnsf j8f g+=!# l:yt cf]8f/ a:g] k|s[lt /fO{nfO{ anfTsf/ u/]sf] z/L/ aGws u/L dfgj a]rlavgsf] k|of; u/]sf];DaGwL ph'/Ldf k|x/laf6 k|efjsf/L sf/afxL gePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 pQm ph'/L lhNnf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 cufl8 a9fO{ lhNnf cbfnt vf]6fªdf k]; e};s]sf] / Ps hgf k|ltjfbL w/f}6Ldf l/xf eO{ d'2f ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] b]lvPsfn] kLl8tsf] dfubfaLadf]lhd cfof]uaf6 yk sf/afxL ul//xg kg{]


gb]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ / -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

160. lhNnf l;/fxf, wgu9L gu/kflnsf # sf lnlnof dlns / hx/L dlnssf kl/jf/x¿ ldlt @)&#÷&÷@! Dff 57LdfO{sf] k"hfdf kf]v/Ldf c3{ lbO{ k"hfcfhf ug{ nfUbf u}/blnt ;d'bfon] k"hf ug{ glbO{ v]b]sf] / hftLo 5'jf5't s;'/ u/]s]f egL :yfgLo k|x/Ldf ph'/L u/]sf]df k|x/L rf}sLaf6 s'g} sf/afxL gePsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, l;/fxfaf6 k|fKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/ pQm ljifodf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no nfxfg, l;/fxfdf hftLo 5'jf5't tyf lje]b zLif{sdf d'2f btf{ u/L cfjZos cg';Gwfg sfo{ eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L kmfon ;+nUg b]lvPsfn] lhNNff k|x/L sfof{no l;/fxfnfO{ xfn;Ddsf] cg';Gwfg ljj/0f / ;f] ph'/Ldflysf] sfd sf/afxLsf] af/]df ljj/0f dfu u/L ;ft lbgleqsf] Dofb n]vL k7fpg] / hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM k]; ug{] .

161. lhNnf ;Kt/L klZrd lkk|f j8f g+= * a:g] cl;nfn ;bfnfO{ jg clws[tåf/f lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ljgfkqmfpk'hL{ ;Kt/Lsf] ¿kgL lx/f;tdf /fvL oftgf lbO/x]s]f eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf lhNNff jg sfof{no, ;Kt/Ln] pknAw u/fPsf] hfgsf/Laf6 sfg'gL k|lqmofadf]lhd g} kqmfp ul/Psf], /Ltk"Jf{ssf] Dofb yk u/L d'2fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] / oftfgf lbPsf] ;d]t gb]lvPsf] x'[Fbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod ! -ª_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .

162. ;DklQ sAhf, lhNnf af/f u8xn uflj; j8f g+ ^ a:g] hjfx/k|;fb ;fx t]nLsf] cGgafnL tyf hUuf;d]t ldlt @)^#.$.!* df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] sAhfdf lnPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf] cGgafnL n'l6Psf], sl/a rf/ jif{;Dd ;ft laufxf hUuf;d]t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] sAhfdf lnPsf] / lghsf] ljj/0f zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfnosf] cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflkt JolQm kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f k|ltj]bgdf ;d]t pNn]v /x]sf]] xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{ /sd k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvPsfn] lghsf] Ifltsf] pko'Qm d"NofÍg u/L Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] .

163. ;DklQ sAhf, lhNnf af/f u8xn uflj; j8f g+ ^ a:g] /fh]Gb|k|;fb ;fx t]nLsf] cGgafnL tyf hUu;d]t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] sAhfdf lnPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgk|fKt tYosf cfwf/df lghsf] cGgafnL n'6kf6 / hUuf;d]t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] sl/a rf/ jif{;Dd hUuf sAhfdf


lnPsf] lghx¿sf] ljj/0f zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfnosf] cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflkt JolQm kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f k|ltj]bgdf ;d]t pNn]v ePsf] kfOPsf] t/ xfn;Dd s'g} /fxft tyf Ifltk"lt{ /sd lnPsf] gkfOPsf] x'Fbf sAhf cjlwsf] Ifltsf] plrt d"NofÍg u/L Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] .

164. ;DklQ sAhf, lhNnf af/f u8xn uflj; j8f g+ ^ a:g] pk]Gb| ;fx t]nLsf] cGgafnL tyf hUuf;d]t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ldlt @)^#.$.!* \df sAhfdf lnPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgk|fKt tYosf] cfwf/df lghsf] cGgafnL tyf hUuf;d]t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n]] sAhfdf lnPsf] kfOPsf] ;fy} zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfnosf] cfGtl/s ¿kdf lj:yflkt JolQm kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f k|ltj]bgdf ;d]t lghsf] gfd pNn]v ePsf] t/ xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt gePsf] kfOPsfn] sAhf cjlwsf] Ifltsf] plrt d"NofÍg u/L Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ .

165. lhNnf h'Dnf sflt{s :jfdL uflj;–$ a:g] /fhaxfb'/ vqLn] cfkm"nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{åf/f oftgf lbPsf] egL btf{ u/]s]f ph'/L ;DaGwdf ;f]xL Aoxf]/fsf] lghs} ph'/Ldf cfof]uaf6 @)&#÷!÷@* df g} lg0f{o eO;s]sf] kfOPsfn] s]xL ug{' gkg]{ x'Fbf ph'/Lsf] nfut s§f u/L lbg] .

166. 3fOt]], lhNnf sflnsf]6, s'dfn ufpF % a:g] bz/y pkfWofonfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] @)%(÷!!÷!) df hgsf/afxLsf] gfddf s'6lk6 ubf{ 9f8sf] g;fdf c;/ kg{ uPsf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf lghsf] pkrf/df nfu]sf] vr{ d"NofÍg u/L pkrf/ vr{ tyf Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] .

167. lhNnf afFs] a]txgL uflj; j8f g+ ( a:g] sdnk|;fb clwsf/LnfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] ldlt @)%(÷%÷% df kqmfp u/L zf/Ll/s oftgf lbPsfn]] 5fglag u/L kfpFm eGg] ;DaGwdf ldlt @)^#÷!@÷@( df ph'/L kg{ cfPsf] pQm ph'/L cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf k|fKt hfgsf/Lcg';f/ ldlt @)^$÷!@÷% ut] /ftL lghsf] c1ft ;d"xåf/f d[To' ePsf], tTkZrft\\ lghsf] kl/jf/n] ?=!),)),)))÷– -b; nfv ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt u/]sf], lghsL >LdtL;d]tn] xfn s'g} bfaL g/x]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L;d]tsf cfwf/df /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) sf] pklgod -@_ / -%_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] .


168. a]kQf, lhNnf alb{of wwjf/ uflj; j8f g+= * a:g] sGx}ofnfn rf}w/L, ;'/]z rf}w/L, s0f{axfb'/ yf¿nfO{ ldlt @)%* ;fn r}t ! ut]sf lbg lbp;f] !M)) ah]sf] ;dodf ;'/IffsdL{n] ufpFn]x¿nfO{ nv]6\b} hfFbf lgh tLg hgfnfO{ sAhfdf lnO{ uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] / nf; ;'/IffsdL{n] g} uf8Ldf xfnL nu]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfgk|fKt tYosf cfwf/df lghx¿nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] g} kqmfp u/L a]kQf kf/]sfn] pQm sfo{df ;+nUg tTsfnLg dWoklZrd k[tgfklt, tTsfnLg alb{of lhNnfsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L tyf 36gfdf ;+nUg /Defk'/ Aof/]ssf tTsfnLg k|d'vnfO{ klxrfg u/L tTsfn sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg, kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ cGtl/d /fxt :j¿k ?=!,)),))).–-cIf]/kL Ps nfvdfq_ pknAw u/fpg / lghx¿ a]kQf /x]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

169. sf7df8f}F lhNnf, sfdgkf j8f g+= !& 8]/f u/L a:g] /fh kl/of/nfO{ lg? g]kfnLsf] lgj]bgsf cfwf/df dxfgu/Lo k|x/L j[Q, ;f]x|v'§]af6 vl6Psf k|x/Ln] 8]/faf6} kqmfp u/L nu]sf]df k|x/Ln] s'6lk6 ubf{ 3fOt] ePsf]df pkrf/sf] nflu xfn /fli6«o 6«df ;]G6/sf] a]8 g+= @)% df pkrf/ e}/x]sf], lghsf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ / 36gfsf] 5fglag ul/kfpFm egL k|fKt ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGWdf cfof]usf] k|f/lDes cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf lghnfO{ k|x/Ln] u/]sf] s'6lk6sf sf/0f :kfOgn OGHo'/L eO{ z/L/sf] sDd/d'lgsf efux¿ grNg] cj:yfdf pkrf/ e}/x]sf] kfOof] . la/fdLsf] cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ b]lvPsfn] lghnfO{ h]–h] pkrf/ ug'{kg]{ xf], ;f]sf] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Joxf]g]{ u/L lgMz'Ns pkrf/sf nflu t'?Gt Joj:yf ug{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g, @)^* sf] bkmf (-%_ / !! -@+_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ cfb]z lbg] / cfb]z t'?Gt sfof{Gjog u/L cfof]unfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] lg0f{o ul/of] . ;fy} 36gfsf] yk cg';Gwfg tTsfn cufl8 a9fpg cfof]usf] pkIf]qLo sfof{no, nlntk'/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

170. nlntk'/ lhNnf uf]bfj/L gu/kflnsf j8f g+= ! a:g] jif{ @) sL ;':df 3n] kf]v|]nnfO{ ldlt @)&$.*.@ df 3/ kmls{/x]sf] cj:yfdf nlntk'/ lhNnfsf] afF8]ufp glhs} uf]bfj/L vf]nfdf ckl/lrt JolQmx¿n] cfqmd0f u/L 6fpsf]df 9'ª\ufn] xfgL a]xf]; agfPsf] . ef]lnkN6 km]nf kf/L c:ktfn nluPsf]df nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] pkrf/kZrft\\ xf];df cfPsf] . lghnfO{ a]xf]; kf/L anfTsf/;d]t u/]sf], pkrf/ vr{ tyf cfhLjg e/0fkf]if0fsf] nflu kxn ul/kfpFm eGg] ;d]tsf] Aoxf]/f pNn]v eO{ k|fKt x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfh k]; x'g cfPsf] ldl;ndf cfof]usf] k|f/lDes cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf k|fKt x'g cfPsf tYox¿sf] cfwf/df o; ljifodf ;Ddflgt nlntk'/ lhNnf cbfntdf d'2f


ljrf/fwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf] b]lvof] . /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g,@)^* sf]bkmf $-!_ -v_ adf]lhd k|:t't ljifo dfgj clwsf/sf] ;d]t ljifo /x]sf] b]lvFbf pNn]lvt bkmfadf]lhd cg';Gwfgsf nflu ;DalGwt cbfntaf6 cg'dlt÷:jLs[t lng] lg0f{o ul/of] . o;sf] ;fy} cbfntaf6 cg'dlt÷:jLs[lt k|fKt ePdf / cfjZostf b]lvPdf lgDgad]lhdsf ljifout ljz]if1x¿sf] ;ldlt agfO{ cg';Gwfg ug{] u/fpg] lg0f{o ul/of]]M

-s_ kLl8tzf:qdf ljif]z1tf xfl;n u/]sf] ljz]if1 —! -v_ lrlsT;s —! -u_ dlxnf clwsf/sf If]qdf ax;k}/jL ug{] dlxnf sfg'gsdL{ — !

171. != Hfgsk'/b]lv klZrd b"wdtL gbLsf] lsgf/ a;la§L -x'nfsL /fhdfu{_ df @)&@ c;f]h !$ ut] ;+o'Qm nf]stflGqs dw];L df]rf{n] dfgj ;fª\nf] agfO{ k|bz{g ul//x]sf] ;dodf ;ftj6f nf;x¿ km]nf k/]sf / tLnf;x¿ dw]; cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf a]kQf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] x'g ;Sg] eGb} ljleGg ;~rf/dfWoodx¿df ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 cfof]usf] If]qLo sfof{no hgsk'/n] :jod\ ph'/L u|x0f u/]sf] .

@= klxrfg gv'n]sf zjx¿sf] Pslqt tYofÍ tof/ u/L cGt/f{li6«o dfGo 9fFrfdf j]e;fO6df k|sflzt ug]{ tyf b'?:t /fVg] sfo{ ug{ ;Gbe{df g]kfn k|x/Laf6 uDeL/ ¿kdf sfo{ gePsf], lj=;+= @)&@.!.!@sf] e"sDksf] sf/0f d[To' ePsf t/ klxrg v'Ng g;s]sf zjx¿sf] ckdfg ePsf] x'Fbf To:tf zjx¿sf] klxrfg jf kl/ro v'Ng] u/L clen]v /fVg] sfo{ tTsfn ;'?jft ug{ / klxrfg v'Ng} g;s]sf zjx¿sf] ljj/0f PsLs[t u/L cGt/f{li6«o cEof;cg'¿k ;fj{hlgs u/L cBfjlws ub}{ n}hfg]tkm{ sf/afxL ul/kfpFm egL 8f=;'ud s];Laf6 cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ x'g cfPsf] .

plNnlvt ljifox¿dfly cfof]usf] a}7sddf 5nkmn x'Fbf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lgDg Aoxf]/fsf] l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] M

1= sf]xL klg JolQmsf] k|fs[lts ljklQ jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 d'To' eO;s]kl5 lghsf] cfkmGt jf lghnfO{ lrGg] JolQmsf] cefjnufotsf sf/0faf6 klxrfgljxLg nf; x'g k'Ug] cj:yf / To;af6 JolQm kl/roljxLg x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . klxrfg gv'n]sf zj ;DaGwdf ePsf] Ps cWoogn] lqlj lzIf0f c:ktnfdf dfq b}lgs sl/a Ps hgfsf] zjnfO{ a]jfl/;] 3f]if0ff ul/g] cj:yf /x]sf] / ;f] c:ktnaf6 dfq} @)&#.#.! ut] &% j6f


zjsf] cGTo]li6 Ps}k6s ul/Psf] tYofÍ b]lvG5 . ;f] cj:yf b]zsf cGo c:ktfnx¿df ;d]t /x]sf] x'g;Sg] cj:yfnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsg] cj:yf gx'Fbf To:tf klxrfg gv'n]sf zjx¿sf] oyfy{ klxrfg v'nfP/ To;sf] b'?:t clen]v /fv]/ dfq cGTo]li6 ug{] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

2= hgsk'/ c~rn c:ktfnsf] zj u[xaf6 klg ldlt @)&@.^.!$ut] a]jfl/;] elgPsf klxrfg gv'n]sf zj hgsk'/ pdgkf j8f g+= @@ l:yt a;la§L b"wdtL gbLsf] lsgf/fdf nlu cGTo]li6 u/]sf] b]lvPsf] t/ To;sf] ;d]t Jojl:yt clen]v b'?:t g/flvPsf] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ePsf] b]lvFbf g]kfn /fHoe/sf h'g;'s} c:ktfnx¿ / cGo :yfgdf e]l6Psf To:tf zjx¿sf] ;d]t Jojl:yt / b'?:t ¿kdf clen]v /fv]/ dfq cGTo]li6 sfo{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg .

3= klxrfg gv'n]sf zj k|fKt ePsf] cj:yfdf g]kfn k|x/Ln] To:tf zjx¿sf] klxrfgsf nflu cfkm\gf] j]e;fO6df dfq geO{ ;~rf/sf cGo dfWodx¿af6 klg ;fj{hlgs u/L ;"rgf ;Ísng ug{ .

4= :yfgLo txsf ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf, pkdxfgu/kflnsf tyf dxfgu/kflnsfx¿df klxrfg gv'n]sf zjx¿ e]l6Psf] cj:yfdf tL lgsfox¿df klg To:tf zjx¿sf]] Jojl:yt / b'?:t clen]vLs/0f clgjfo{ ¿kdf /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

5= Kflxrfg gv'n]sf zj Joj:yfkg ;Gbe{df k|rlnt g]kfn sfg'gdf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08cg'¿ksf] Joj:yf ;dfj]z u/L sfof{Gjog ug{ .

6= k|To]s JolQmnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;fydf cfkm\gf] kl/ro v'n]sf kl/rokq lnP/ lxF8\g] cj:yfsf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug{ .

7= kl/ro gv'n]sf zjx¿sf] Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf lgb]{lzsf tof/ u/L klxrfg v'Ng g;s]sf zjx¿nfO{ c:yfoL ;dflw:yn agfO{ /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

172. bf]nvf lhNnf, vf]/ % a:g] xl/åf/ s'Fj/nfO{ 8Nn'l:yt kfNb]g sfk{]6df sfd ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fv]sf] tyf >L ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] aGbLk|ToIfLs/0sf] cfb]z hf/L eO{ tTsfn lghnfO{ y'gfd'Qm gu/]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf ldlt @)%(÷(÷@^ ut] btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghxfn y'gfd'Qm eO{ cfˆg} 3/7]ufgfdf a:b} cfPsf] eGg] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] x'Fbf cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


173. sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnf ;flkª uflj; j8f g+= !, a:g] /f]dk|sfz kGtnfO{ c1ft ;d"xn] ckx/0f u/L l:ylt c1ft kf/]sfn] vf]htnf; ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh ckx/0fd'Qm eO{ ;fdfGo hLjg latfO/x]sf] x'Fbf cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

174. sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnf Rofd|ªa]F;L uflj; j8f g+= @ l:yt rqm]Zj/ dfljsf k|c /fdxl/ zdf{ ltdlN;gfnufot 5 lzIfsx¿nfO{ ldlt @)^!÷@÷@* ut] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sfn] lghx¿sf] vf]htnf;sf nflu cfof]udf ph'/L k/]sf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg xF'bf lghx¿ ckx/0fd'Qm eO{ ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

175. cf]vn9'Ëf lhNnf dfDvf uflj; j8f g+= # :yfoL 3/ ePsf g]kfn k|x/Ldf sfo{/t kjghª sfsL{nfO{ ldlt @)^@÷!!÷!& ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] sAhfdf lnO{ l:ylt c1ft kf/]sf] ;DaGwdf kLl8t :jo++n] cfkm" sAhfd'Qm ePsf] t/ sAhfdf /x]sf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿n] lbPsf] oftgfsf sf/0f rf]6k6s nfu]sfn] pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L x'g cfPsfn] lghnfO{ k6s–k6s cf}ifwL pkrf/ u/fPsf sfuhkq k]; ug{ kqfrf/ u/]sfdf xfn;Dd s'g} hafkm k|fKt gePsfn]] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

176. ;'v{]t lhNnf lyGr' uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g]g]kfnL ;]gfdf sfo{/t gGb/fd g]kfnL ldlt @)^$÷#÷@& ut] >L tf/fbn u9a]; SofDk v}/gL6f/ g'jfsf]6af6 tflnddf ;xefuL x'g uPkZrft\\ lghsf] cj:yf c1ft ePsfn]] vf]htnf; ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ ePsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ckx/0f u/]sf] s]xL ;dokZrft\\ l/xf u/]sf] / xfn ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] x'Fbf cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

177. eQmk'/ lhNnf l7dL u¶f3/ j8f g+= !% a:g] nIdL a:g] @)^$÷*÷@@ ut]af6 l:ylt c1ft ePsf] ;DaGwdf ph'/Lbtf{ ePsf]df ;f] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg xF'bf lghnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] sAhf lnPsf] s]xL ;dokZrft\ sAhf lnPsf] s]xL ;dokZrft\ sAhfd'Qm ul/Psf] / xfn zfGtk"j{s hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] egL kLl8t :jo++af6 cfof]udf lnlvt hfgsf/L u/fPsfn] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


178. l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf, xufd uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] /fhs'df/ -s'df/_ tfdfªnfO{ l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] tftf]kfgL ahf/af6 ;z:q k|x/Lx¿n] kqmfp u/L nu]sf], tTkZrft\ lghsf] cj:yf c1ft /x]sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ x'g cfPsf], cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg qmddf lgh /fhs'df/ tfdfª c1ft ePsf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/ u[x dGqfnoåf/f k|gfdlg >L gj/fh l;nafnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf pRr:t/Lo 5fglag cfof]u u7g u/]sf] kfOof] . pQm 5fglag cfof]usf] k|ltj]bgn] lgh /fhs'df/ tfdfªsf] cj:yf ;z:q k|x/Lx¿n] kqmfp u/]kZrft\ c1ft ePsf]] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] b]lvG5 . ;'/IffsdL{n] cfˆgf] lgofGq0fdf /x]sf] JolQmsf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf lng'kg]{ / lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] JolQmsf] cj:yfsf] af/]df ;DalGwt kl/jf/ tyf cfkmGthgnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'kg]{ bfloTj /xG5 . k|:t't 36gfdf ;z:q k|x/Lx¿s} nfk/jfxLaf6 cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] JolQm a]kQf ePsf] kfOPsfn] lgh /fhs'df/ -s'df/_ tfdfªsf] cj:yf xfn;Dd klg c1ft /x]sf] b]lvPsfn] ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ lghsf] vf]htnf; hf/L /fVg, pQm 36gfdf ;+nUg b]lvPsf ;z:q k|x/Lx¿nfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ tyf kLl8t kl/jf/sf] e/0fkf]if0fsf nflu /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod @) adf]lhd ? # nfv /fxt pknAw u/fpg tyf lghsf afnaflnsfnfO{ lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

179. ph'/L g+=#)@, If]sf g]kfnuGh, bfª lhNnf 3f]/fxLl:yt kb\df]bo dfljdf cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿ pbo/fd af]xf]/f / an/fd af]xf]/fnfO{ ldlt @)%*.!!.@$ ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L s'g} hfgsf/L glbPsf] / r}t @) af6 ;'? x'g] P;Pn;L k/LIffdf ;xefuL x'gaf6 jl~rt x'g ;Sg] ePsfn]] lghx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ /Iffsf nflu cjfZos kxn ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf]pk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghx¿ tf/]vdf l/xf ePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

180. ph'/L g+=^*!, If]sf kf]v/f, tgx'F lhNnf cfa'v}/]gL uflj; j8f g+= %, 9sfn6f/ lgjf;L gLltaxfb'/ u'?ªsf] 3/df ldlt @)^!.!.* ut] ;'/IffsdL{n] PSsf;L cGwfw'Gw uf]nL k|xf/ u/L ;DklQ Iflt u/]sfn] ;f]sf] Ifltk"lt{ lbnfO{ kfpFm egL btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfFa'v}/]gL ufpFkflnsf j8f g+= @ j8f sfof{nonfO{ lghsf] Ifltsf] ;DaGwdf k|ljlws ¿kdf d"NofÍg ul/Psf] ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg kqfrf/ ug]{ / ;f]sf] hafkm k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


181. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f xTof, wg'iff lhNnf e/tk'/ uflj; j8f g+= & a:g] jif{ #% sf] ljxf/L clwsf/L bg'jf/nfO{ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf ldlt @)&$.$.!&ut]sf] cfof]usf] a}7ssf] lg0f{ocg';f/ dfu ul/Psf] sfhukq k|fKt ul/Psf] / d[tssf cl>t kl/jf/n] Ifltk"lt{afkt ? kfFr nfvsf b/n] b'O{ ls:tf u/L ? !) nfv a'lem;s]sf] eGg] b]lvg cfPsf] t/ bf]ifLdfly s'g} sf/afxL ePsf] gb]lvPsfn] bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{x¿sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

182. Gofok|zf;g, ;ef;b\ afns[i0f 9'ª\u]nsf] ;DaGwdf Gofofnoaf6 ePsf] km};nf sfof{Gjog gu/L d'2f lkmtf{ lng' dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0fn] cfklQhgs ePsfn]] Gofofnon] u/]sf] km};nf sfof{Gjog ug{, u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fO{ kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 ePsf] km};nf sfof{Gjog eO;s]sf] b]lvPsfn] xfnnfO{ s'g} sf/afxL ug'{ gkg]{ ePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/L /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

183. Gofok|zf;g, nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !@ a:g] r08Lsf zfSosf] 3/hUuf;DaGwL d'2f pRr cbfnt kf6gdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf kof{Kt ;do glbO{sg ldlt @)^#÷^÷#) ut] ha/h:tL 3/ vfnL u/fPsfn] 3/df /x]sf] d]/f] ;fdfg nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfsf] lhDdf tyf ;+/If0f nufO{ kfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf ph/Lstf{;Fu lghsf] ph'/L;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf cbfntdf lj/fwLg /x]sf] d'2fsf] cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/L dfu ug]{ / ;f] k|fKt x'g cfPkl5 k'gM k]; ug]{ .

184. lhNnf afFs] k'/}gf ^ a:g] l/ofh cnL z]ifnfO{ !# hgfsf] ;d"xn] ldlt @)^@÷%÷!! ut] xTof u/]sf]df 36gf k|x/Ldf ph'/L btf{ ug{ gdfg]sfn] 36gf btf{ u/L cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf kLl8tn] k|x/Låf/f ph'/L btf{ u/L 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg ePsf] / xfn zflGt;'/Iffsf] ;d:of gePsfn]] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL cGTo ul/lbg ph'/Lstf{ :jo++af6 lnlvt lgj]bg lbPsfn]] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

185. gjnk/f;L lhNnf ;f]dgL uflj; j8f g+ * sf g;?Nnfx cG;f/Ln] ;f]xL uflj;sf plbt sf]x/fsf] gfddf btf{ /x]sf] ljleGg lsQf g+=sf hUufx¿ ldlt


@)^!÷%÷^ df /flhgfdf kf; u/fO{ lnPsf] hUufdf ;Gtf]if ofbjnfuotsf JolQmx¿nfO{ aGws lbPsf]df aGwsL lgvGg hfFFbf lgvGg lbg gdfg]sf] / cfk"mx¿ dfcf]jfbL ePsf] jtfpb} pgLx¿s} gfddf /flhgfdf kf; u/L lbg cgfjZos bafa lbPsf]n] hUuf ef]u rng ug{ gkfPsfn] ef]urng u/fO{ kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn ljjflbt hUuf ;DaGwdf s]xL ;d:of gePsf] eGg] b]lvg cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

186. gjnk/f;L lhNnf /fdgu/ uflj; j8f g+ * etf}8L 3/ eO{ xfn sf7df8f}F a"9fgLns07 a;f]jf; ub}{ cfpg'ePsf j8f g+ * etf}8Ll:yt /ljGb|gfy zdf{sf] 3/df @)^#÷&÷! ut] laxfg &M#) ah] xftxltof/;lxt cfPsf dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{x¿n] 3/ sAhf u/]sfn] 3/af6 dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ x6fO{ kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf sAhf ul/Psf] 3/hUuf km's'jf eO{ laqmL;d]t eO;s]sf] eGg] a'lemg cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

187. gjnk/f;L lhNnf ;'gjn uflj; j8f g+= ! 3/ eO{ xfn sf7df8f}F+ dgkf j8f g+ #@ a:b} cfPsf ofbjk|;fb kGt tyf gu]Gb|/fh kGt;d]tsf] gfddf /x]sf] gjnk/f;L lhNnf ;'gjn ! l:yt 3/hUuf @)^! h]7 dlxgfb]lv dfcf]jfbLn] sAhf u/L 3/ef8f / v]tL vfO/x]sfn] 3/hUuf km's'jf u/fpg] tkm{ kxn u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ;d:of ;dfwfg eO{ ljjflbt hUuf a]rlavg eO;s]sf] a'lemg cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

188. ?kGb]xL lhNnf wswO{ uflj; j8f g+= $ a:g] jif{ #* sf] df]xg eGg] Ohfh cG;f/L dfcf]jfbLsf] sfo{stf{af6 /flhgfdf lbO{ :jtGq hLjgofkg ul//x]sfdf ldlt @)^#÷(÷( df /ftL *=)) jh] dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/L nu]sfn] hLjg/Iffsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf dfcf]jfbLsf] sAhfaf6 d'Qm eO;s]sf] b]lvg cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


189. gjnk/f;L lhNnf ;'gjn uflj; j8f g+ $ rf}/fxdf 8]/f u/L a:b} cfPsf ozf]bf ltjf/Lsf klt g]kfn k|x/Lsf ;]jf lgj[Q k"j{ sd{rf/L b'uf{k|;fb ltjf/L ldlt @)^$÷&÷@^ ut] laxfg g'jfsf]6 alxgLsf] 3/ hfg egL lxF8]sf]df 3/ klg gkm{s]sf] / alxgLsf]df klg gk'uL a]kQfsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf]n] lghsf] vf]htnf; u/L kfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf k|x/Laf6 lghsf] vf]htnf;df s] s:tf] kxn eO/x]sf] 5 ;f] a'emL k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

190. ?kGb]xL lhNnf l;S6xg uflj; j8f g+ ! 3/ eO{ xfn 5f]6sL /fdgu/ uflj; j8f g+ # a:g] kfj{tL t]nLnfO{ ljut Ps jif{b]lv >Ldfg\n] s'6lk6 u/L 3/]n'lx+;f u/]sf] sf/0f lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no wswO{ / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf ph'/L lbPsf]df Gofo gkfPsfn] Gofosf] nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf kLl8t :jo++af6 lghsf] >Ldfg\;+u ;DaGwljR5]b eO{ c+zaG8f;d]t e};s]sfn] cfof]udf lbPsf] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxLsf] cGTo ul/lbg lgj]bg lbPsf] x'Fbf k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

191. ?kGb]xL lhNnf auf}nL uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] /f]lxt s'dL{nfO{ ldlt @)^*÷!÷!) ut]sf lbg k|x/Lrf}sL 7sL{n] s'6lk6 u/L oftgf lbO{ ef]lnkN6 dfq 5f]l8Psfn] 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifL k|x/LnfO{ ljefuLo ;hfosf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf dfubfaL cg';f/sf] k'li6 x'g gcfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

192. ldlt @)%(÷&÷@* ut] /ftL !! ah] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd cfqmd0f ubf{ dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnf h'Dnf dxt uflj; j8f g+ ! ljhogu/ a:g] sdf{ 5f]/Uofn nfdfsf] k;nleq k;L ToxfF /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;dfg / gub u/L hDdf ?= &,)),)))÷– -;ft nfv_ a/fa/sf] wgdfn n'6L nu]sfn] Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm egL btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf n'6lk6 u/]sf] eGg] s'/f k'li6 x'g] k|df0f ge]l6Psfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) -#_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

193. ;DklQ sAhf, s}nfnL lhNnfsf] ;fljs k"mnaf/L uflj; j8f ! xfn wgu9L pkdxfgu/kflnsf jf8{ g+= !( a:g] xl/k|;fb clws/Lsf] 3/df tTsfnLg g]skf


-dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ldlt @)%(.@.@%/ @)^!.(.& df n'6kf6 u/]sfn] n'l6Psf] /sd Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf] ;DklQ tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ af6 n'6kf6 ePsf] tyf lghn] xfn;Dd s'g} /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{ /sd k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvPsfn] lghsf] n'l6Psf] ;DklQsf] xfn k|rlnt d"Nodf d"NofÍg u/L Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

194. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, c5fd lhNnf n'ªu| uflj; j8f g+ $ a:g] ljBfyL{ u0f]zs'df/ v8\sfnfO{ sf]xnk'/ afFs]sf ;z:q k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf]df k'g/fj]bg cbfnt g]kfnu+hsf] cfb]zn] y'gfd'Qm ePsf] / k'g kqmfpsf] ;+Defjgf /x]sf]n] dfgj clwsf/ /Iff ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf ;DaGwdf cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ u}/sfg'gL ¿kdf y'gfdf /flvPsf] / k'g/fj]bg cbfnt g]kfnuGhsf] aGbLk|ToIfLs/0fsf] l/6dfkm{t y'gfd'Qm ePsf] b]lvPsfn]] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod @%-@_ g+= adf]lhd ? !,)),))).– -Ps nfv ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

195. ;'/IffsdL{af6 xTof, s}nfnL lhNnf nfnaf]lem uflj; j8f g+= ! lxDdtk'/ a:g] lzjgf/fo0f rf}w/LnfO{ ;'/Iff a]; SofDk x;'lnofaf6 v6L uPsf ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf] ;'/Iff sf/afxLdf d[To' ePsf] / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ ?=#,)),))).– -tLg nfv ?lkofF_ /fxt pknAw u/fPsf] eGg] b]lvPsf] t/ pQm /fxt /sd s;n] a'em]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf k'gM lghsf] kl/jf/ tyf ufpFkflnsfdf kqfrf/ ug]{ / hafkm k|fKt ePkZrft\ k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

196. oftgf, s}nfnL lhNnf d;'l/of uflj; j8f g+= ! cG8}of a:g] dLgaxfb'/ dNnnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] 3/df ;'lt/x]sf] cj:yfdf kqmfp u/L s'6lk6 tyf oftgf lbPsf] egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] 3/df ;'lt/x]sf] cj:yfdf kqmfpm u/L s'6lk6 tyf oftgf lbPsf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* sf] bkmf !^ adf]lhd ?=@%,))).– -kRrL; xhf/ ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; uglg0f{o ul/of] .

197. åGådf d[To' -/fHokIfaf6_, Aflb{of lhNnf a8fnk'/ uflj; j8f g+=$ lgjf;L /fd yf¿sf] /fHokIfaf6 d[To' ePsf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8t tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbL ;}Go ;ª\u7gdf ;+nUg


/x]sf] kfOPsf] / åGåsfndf le8Gtsf] qmddf lghsf] d[To' ePsf] / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no alb{ofsf] kqfg';f/ lghsf] kl/jf/n] ?=%,)),))).– -kfFr nfv ?lkofF_ /fxt a'em]sf] ;d]t b]lvPsfn] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'‹fO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

198. dlxnf lx+;f, s~rgk'/ lhNNff s[i0fk'/ uflj; j8f g+= ! bf]ldNnf ufpF a:g] !$ jif{sL gfaflnsf cËg rf}w/LnfO{ s~rgk'/sf] ph{'gL tyf s}nfnLsf] t]3/L Aof/]saf6 ;r{df uPsf ;]gfn] anTsf/ u/]sf] / ;f]xL sf/0f d[To' ePsf] egL ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf] ;]tL c~rn c:ktfndf pkrf/ u/fPsf] eGg] kfOPsfn] lghsf] kl/jf/ / ;]tL c~rn c:ktfn;Fu lghsf] pkrf/ u/fPsf] /]s8{ dfuL sfuhkq k|fKt ePkZrft\ k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

199. bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf d[To', Aflb{of lhNnf dfgk'/6k/f ^ lgjf;L hGs' yf¿sf] a]kQfkl5 bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf d[To' ePsf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ph'/Lpk/ cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8t tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbL ;}Go ;ª\u7gdf ;+nUg /x]sf] / åGbsfndf ePsf] le8Gtsf qmddf lghsf] d[To' ePsf] / lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no alb{ofn] lghsf kl/jf/nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLltcg'¿k /fxt:j¿k ?= %,)),))).– -kfFr nfv ?lkofF_ k|bfg ul/;s]sf] b]lvg cfPsf] t/ lghsf] kl/jf/df s]–slt ;b:o /x]sf], lghsf cfl>t >LdtL 5f]/f5f]/L /x]–g/x]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L gePsfn]] hfgsf/L dfu u/L k|fKt ePkZrft\ k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

200. g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ af6 dfl/Psf], alb{of lhNnf g]pnfk'/ uflj; j8f g+ ( lgjf;L >L/fd yf¿nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_lj?4 ;'/fsL u/]sf] cf/f]kdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] xTof u/]sf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ ldlt @)%* ;fn sflt{s !@ ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ckx/0f u/L xTof u/]sfn] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no alb{ofaf6 kLl8tsf kl/jf/n] sfg'gadf]lhd ?=%,)),))). -?= kfFr nfv_ /fxt k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvPsfn] Ifltk"lt{tkm{ s]xL ul//xg'k/]g . kLl8tsf cfl>t gfafns 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod @# -u_ sf] cfwf/df pRr lzIff;Dd lgMz'Ns k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


201. g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ af6 s'6lk6, s}nfnL lhNnf v}/fnf uflj; j8f g=+ % a:g] nIfL/fd xdfnnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{ ;Gtf]if;d]tn] s'6lk6 u/]sfn] bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL / Ifltk"lt{sf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8t nlIf/fd xdfnnfO{ tTsfnLg g]skf dfcf]fjbL sfo{stf{n] s'6lk6 ubf{ lghn] ;xh¿kdf hLjgofkg ug{ kfpg] clwsf/sf] pNn‹g ePsf], dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] o:tf] sfo{ h]g]ef dxf;lGw !($( sf] ;femf wf/f # ljk/Lt ePsfn]] 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ tyf kLl8tnfO{ ?= %),))).– -krf; xhf/ ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{ /sd pknAw u/fpg /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* sf] bkmf !^ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

202. bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf d[To', alb{of lhNnf dfgk'/6k/f uflj; j8f g+= ( lgjf;L pGgfs'df/L yf¿sf] /fHokIf / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ aLr ePsf] bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf k/L d[To' ePsf] ;DaGwdf 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf] @)^) ;fndf aemfª lhNnfdf ;z:q åGåsf] qmddf /fHo kIf / ljb|f]xL kIfsf] bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf k/L d[To' ePsf] kfOPsf] tyf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no alb{ofsf] kqaf6 kLl8t kl/jf/n] ?= %,)),))).– -kfFr nfv ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{afkt k|fKt u/]sf] b]lvPsfn] o; ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

203. ;DklQ n'6kf6, lj:yflkt, s~rgk'/ lhNnf s[i0fgu/ uflj; j8f g+= ! 3/ eO{ xfn lkknf8L uflj; j8f g+ # aG;fxf a:g] xl/EfQm e08f/L, nIdLb]jL e08f/L, lbNnL e08f/L, ejfgLbQ e08f/L;d]t rf/ hgf bfh'efOsf] sl/j @) laufxf hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] sAhfdf lnPsfn] n'l6Psf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ / Ifltk"lt{sf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf @)%& ;fndf tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLn] xl/EfQm e08f/L;d]t rf/ hgfsf] sl/a @) laufxfeGbf a9L hUuf sAhfdf lnO{ ;a} wg;DklQ;d]t n'6kf6 ePsf] xfn lghx¿sf] 3/hUuf ;a} lkmtf{ u/]sf] / ;f] hUff xl/eQm e08f/L nufot rf/} hgfn] ef]urng ul//x]sf] / lhG;L ;DklQ n'l6Psf]df ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]udf ph'/L lbPsf] b]lvPsfn] xfnnfO{ ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

204. g]skf dfcf]jbLaf6 oftgf, s~rgk'/ lhNnf ledbQ gkf jf8 g+= ( lgjf;L g/Lk|;fb hf]zLnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] 3/af6 ckx/0f u/L zf/Ll/s tyf


dfgl;s oftgf lbPsfn]] bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{sf] nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8t g/Lk|;fb hf]zLnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ckx/0f u/L oftgf lbPsf] egL k'i6L ug]{ s'g} 7f]; cfwf/ k|df0f ldl;n ;+nUg gb]lvPsfn] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

205. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, df]/ª lhNnf a}hgfyk'/ uflj; a:g] jif{ !% sf] lblnk Clifb]jnfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no df]/ªaf6 cfPsf] k|x/Ln] ljgfkqmfpk'hL{ kqmfp u/L jo:s /fVg] lx/f;tdf /flvPsfn] 5fglag u/L Gofo lbnfO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8t lblnk Clifb]jnfO{ k|x/Ln] ljgfk'hL{ kqmfp u/L jo:sx¿ /fVg] lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] b]lvPsfn] o; sfo{df ;+nUg lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/LnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg] ;fy} jo:sx¿;/x gfafnsx¿nfO{ lx/f;t tyf sf/fuf/df g/fvL ;'wf/u[xdf /fVgsf nflu plrt Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

206. hLjgsf] clwsf/, k"jf{~rn If]qLo sf/fuf/ em'Dsfdf /x]sf s}bLaGbLx¿sf] u'0f:t/Lo pkrf/ cefjdf hLjg u'dfpg;d]t afWo ePsfn]] :jf:Yo tyf hLjgsf] clwsf/ /Iffy{ kxn u/L kfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 o;cufl8 g} sf/fuf/ ;'wf/sf nflu l;kmfl/; ul/Psfn] k'gM l;kmfl/; ug'{gkg]{ ePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

207. cfly{s ;fdflhs ;f+:s[lts clwsf/, h'Dnf lhNnfsf] ljleGg ljBfnox¿df sfo{/t !$) eGbf a9L ljBfno kl/r/x¿n] nfdf] ;dob]lv ljleGg ljBfnox¿df ;]jf ul//x]sf] t/ >dcg';f/sf] kfl/>lds gkfPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ljBfnosf kl/r/x¿nfO{ nfdf] ;dob]lv kfl/>lds lbPsf] gb]lvPsfn] g]kfn ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfnoaf6 ljBfnosf kl/r/x¿sf] nflu pknAw u/fOPsf] k|rlnt kfl/>lds b//]6cg';f/sf] xfn;Ddsf] kfl/>lds Psd'i6 ¿kdf pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

208. ;DklQsf] clwsf/, tTsfnLg /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf ;xcWoIf tyf k"j{dGqL kb\d;'Gb/ nfjtLsf] 3/df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] cfuhgL u/L k'/ftflTTjs dxTTjsf ;fdfgx¿ gi6 u/]sf] tyf ;DklQ sAhf u/]sfn] 5fglag


u/LkfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh kbd;'Gb/ nfjtLsf] 3/df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] cfuhgL u/L k'/ftflTTjs dxTTjsf ;fdfgx¿ gi6 u/]sf] tyf ;DklQ sAhf u/]sf] kfOPsf] / ;f] ;DaGwdf lghn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 s'g} klg /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{;d]t k|fKt u/]sf] gb]lvPsfn] gi6 ePsf] ;DklQsf] xfnsf] k|rlnt d"Nodf Iflt d"NofÍg u/L Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg tyf bf]ifLsf] klxrfg u/L sf/afxLsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

209. ckx/0f, Onfd lhNnf kmfskmf]s uflj; j8f g+ $ lgjf;L ;f]dljqmd af]xf]/fnfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{x¿n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghn] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] SofG6f]gd]G6df /xL :j}lR5s cjsfz lnPsf] / Ifltk"lt{:j¿k ?=@,%),))).– -b'O{ nfv krfF; xhf/ dfq_ ?lkofF;d]t lnPsf] xfn :jtGq ¿kdf k];f Joj;fo u/L a;]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] xfnnfO{ o; ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

210. 3/]n' lx+;f, emfkf lhNnf bds gkf j8f g+ ^ lgjf;L lvgdfof lzjfsf]6LnfO{ lghsf] >LDffg\ / ;f;";;'/f tyf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿n] sfnf]df];f] bnL 3/af6 lgsfnLlbPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8t lvgdfof / lghsf kl/jf/aLrdf cbfntdf d'2f rn]sf]df cbfntaf6 lghnfO{ c+z lbnfOlbg] km};nf ePsf] tyf cfof]usf] kxndf lghn] >Ldfg\;Fu c+z lnO{ xfn :jtGq¿kdf cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] ;fydf cfkm\g} 3/df al;/x]sf], b]lvPsf] tyf kLl8t :jo++n] ph'/L 6'ª\Uofpg cg'/f]w ul/Psf] x'Fbf /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

211. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f dfl/Psf], af/f lhNnf b]jfk'/6]6f lgjf;L Zofdlszf]/ ofbjnfO{ ;f]xL :yfgsf lzIfs l;of/fd ofbjsf] xTof ePsf] ljifodf lghsf cfkmGtx¿n] s'6lk6 u/L xTof u/]sfn] 5fglag u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf b]jfk'/6]6f lgjf;L l;of/fd ofbjnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stfx¿n] xTof u/]sf] / ;f]xL xTofdf Zofdlszf]/ ofbjsf] ;d]t ;+nUgtf /x]sf] egL :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿n] s'6lk6 ubf{ lghsf] ;d]t d[To' ePsf] kfOPsfn] d[ts l;of/fd ofbj / Zofdlszf]/ ofbjsf sfg'gadf]lhdsf] xsjfnfnfO{ hgxL ?= #,)),))).– -tLg nfv ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg tyf 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx¿sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


212. dfcf]jfbLåf/f ;DklQ sAhf / lj:yflkt, af/f lhNnf Ogjf{dfn ^ a:g] clgns'df/ lk|obzL{sf] 3/hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] sAhf u/L lj:yflkt u/fPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh clgns'df/ lk|obzL{sf] 3/hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] sAhf u/L ;kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf] kfOPsfn] sAhf ul/Psf] ;dofjlwsf] cfo ;fy} n'l6Psf ;DklQx¿sf] k|fljlws d"NofÍg u/L plrt Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ n'6kf6df ;+nUg dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿sf] klxrfg sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

213. dlxnf lx+;f, emfkf lhNnf latf{df]8 gkf j8f g+ @ lgjf;L rGb|f 9sfnnfO{ ha/h:tL s/0fL u/]sf] pBf]udf d'2f rnfO{ y'gfdf /x]sf kL8snfO{ 5'6fpg vf]lhPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf pQm 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfnt emfkfdf d'2f btf{ eO{ d'2f km};nf;d]t ePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

214. a]kQf, af/f lhNnf lkk/f 3/ ePsf 6Lsf g]kfn bfxfn;d]tnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] cfkm\g} 3/af6 kqmfp u/L a]kQf agfPsfn] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L hLjg/Iff u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh 6Lsf g]]kfn bfxfnnfO{ ldlt @)^).^.!* df kqmfp u/L ldlt @)^!.!.!& ut] af/f lhNnfsf] nfnufpFcGt{ut efn'vf]nf Onfsfdf ;'/IffsdL{sf] sf/afxLdf k/L d[To' ePsf] kfOPsfn] lghsf] sfg'gadf]lhdsf] xsjfnfnfO{ ?= #,)),))).– - tLg nfv ?lkofF_ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg tyf 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxLsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

215. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, gjnk/f;L lhNnf s'l8of uflj; j8f g=+ # gjnk/f;L lgjf;L bz/y ofbjnfO{ ef/tLo k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L ef/t nuL u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf kLl8tsf] xfnsf] cj:yf ;DaGwdf hfFra'em gu/L k]; u/]sf] b]lvPsfn] pQm ph'/L ;DaGwdf kLl8tsf] xfnsf] cj:yfnufot cfjZos cg';Gwfg u/L k'gM k]; ug{ kmfOn lkmtf{ ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

216. u}/Goflos xTof, ;'g;/L lhNnf Og?jf gkf ( sf /f]lxt sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;'/Iffkmf}hn] lj/f6gu/ dw'df/faf6 kqmfp u/L OGb|k'/ vf];f{g]sf] hª\undf nuL xTof u/]sfn] 36gfsf] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL / kLl8tsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFmegL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6


cg';Gwfg x'Fbf d[ts /f]lxt sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;'/Iffkmf}hn] oftgf lbO{ df/]sf] b]lvPsf] / lghsf] cfkmGtn] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 ?= %,)),))).– -kfFr nfv_ ?lkofF /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{ a'em]sf] eGg] b]lvPsf] t/ 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL ePsf] gb]lvPsfn] bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

217. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, kfFry/ lhNnf rf]sdfu' uflj; j8f g+ ! :yfoL 3/ ePsf clsn t'Dafkf] / b]j]Gb| t'Dafkf]nfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no kfFry/df u}/sfg'gL ¿kdf lx/f;tdf /flvPsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghx¿nfO{ s]xL ;fj{hlgs ck/fwcGtu{t sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no kfFry/df hfx]/L btf{ ePsf] / ;f]xL cfwf/df k|x/L sfof{nodf lemsfO{ ;f]wk'5 ubf{ b'j} kIf cfk;df ufpF3/df g} ldNg] egL lhNnf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 cfkmGtsf] lhDdf nufO{ ;f]xL lbg 5f]l8Psf] eGg] hfgsf/L lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no kfFry/af6 hafkm k|fKt ePsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

218. lj:yflkt, ;'g;/L lhNnf w/fg pdgkfaf6 k|sflzt x'Fb} cfPsf] ;fKtflxs ;dfrf/kqsf k|sfzs÷;Dkfbs kz'klt l3ld/] ;'/IffsdL{åf/f lj:yflkt ePsfn]] cfjZos ;xof]u u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh ljut !) jif{b]lv ;kl/jf/ cd]l/sf a;f]jf; ub}{ cfO/x]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

219. ;DklQ sAhf, df]/ª lhNnf cd/bx uflj; j8f g+= * a:g] bnaxfb'/ bfxfn If]qLsf] kl/jf/sf] hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] sAhf u/]sfn] hUuf km's'jfsf] nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ldlt @)^( ;fnb]lv g} pQm hUuf cfkm}n] ef]urng ub}{ cfO/x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

220. ;]jf;DaGwL, ;'g;/L lhNnf w/fg gkf !# cd/ky a:g] lgd{nf g]kfnnfO{ lgh sfo{/t /x]sf] ljBfno >L cd/ k|flj w/fgdf xflh/ gu/fO{ sfd ug]{ clwsf/af6 jl~rt u/fPsfn] cfjZos ;xof]u u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh xfn >L klJns pRr dfljdf


;?jf eO{ sfdsfh ul//x]sf] kfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

221. s'6lk6, df]/ª lhNnf lj/f6gu/ * a:g] czf]s c6nnfO{ ldlt @)^#÷*÷@@ ut] df]/ª dhb'/ ;‹sf cWoIf vu]Gb| e08f/Lnufot JolQmx¿n] s'6lk6 u/]sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ s;}af6 klg s'6lk6 ePsf] k'li6 x'g] cfwf/ k|df0f ge]6]sfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

222. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, df]/ª lhNnf n]6fª uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] df]tL l;Grf}/fnfO{ k|x/Ln] oftgf lbPsf] egL cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn s'g} k|sf/sf] ;d:of g/x]sf] / ;xlb :d[lt k|flj a]njf/Ldf k|fWofkg ul//x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

223. xTof, wg'iff lhNnf j/dlemof uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] sf/L ;fx t]nLnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L P]=lhNnf /3'gfyk'/ uflj; j8f g+= @ 9f]nahfdf uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf d[tssf xsjfnfn] Ifltk"lt{ kfO{;s]sf] b]lvPsf] t/ 36gfsf] bf]ifLdfly sf/fjfxLsf] ;DaGwdf s]xL hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g gcfPsfn] 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / lghsf cfl>t afnaflnsfnfO{ lgMz'Ns k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

224. xTof, wg'iff lhNnf j/dlemof uflj; j8f g+= % a:g] hubLz ofbjnfO{ cfˆg} 3/af6 ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ / kL8snfO{ sf/afxL u/fO{ kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf d[tssf xsjfnfnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 #,)),))).— -tLg nfv_ ?lkofF /sd Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ ;s]sf] b]lvPsf] t/ bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxLsf] af/]df hfgsf/L cfPsf] gb]lvPsfn] 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / lghsf tLghgf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


225. xTof, wg'iff lhNnf j/dlemof uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] Olb|z gbfkmnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ / kL8snfO{ sf/afxL u/fO{ kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfgx'Fbf d[tssf xsjfnfnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 #,)),))).— tLg nfv_ ?lkofF /sd Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO;s]sf] b]lvPsf] t/ bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxLsf] af/]df s]xL hfgsf/L cfPsf] gb]lvPsfn] 36gfdf ;+nUg bf]ifL ;'/IffsdL{sf] klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ / cfl>t afnaflnsfnfO{ lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

226. Gofok|zf;g, nlntk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf j8f g=+ !@ a:g] rl08sf zfSosf], æ3/hUuf;DaGwL d'2f pRr cbfnt kf6gdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] cj:yfdf kof{Kt ;do glbO{sg ldlt @)^#÷^÷#) ut] hj/h:tL 3/ vfnL u/fPsfn] 3/df /x]sf] d]/f] ;fdfg nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfsf] lhDdf nufO{ ;+/If0f ug{ nufOkfpFmÆ egL cfof]udf ph'/L btf{ ePsf]] . o; ;DaGwdf cfof]un] u/]sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgj]bgstf{sf] ;Ddflgt pRr cbfnt kf6gdf d'2f ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] s'/f lghn] :jLsf/ u/]sf], cbfntsf] If]qflwsf/df kg]{ ljifodf cbfntaf6} Gofo lg?k0f x'g], s;}sf] ;DklQ sfg'gadf]lhd Joj:yf aGbf]j:t geP sfg'gL k|lqmofaf6} pkrf/ vf]lhg'kg]{ / cfof]un] lg0f{o ubf{ cfˆgf] If]qflwsf/ tyf cbfntsf] ljrf/fwLg d'2fnfO{ k/f]If ¿kdf ;d]t c;/ kg]{ u/L lg0f{o ug{ gx'g], ;fy} cbfntsf] cfb]zadf]lhd b'j} kIfsf] sfg'gJoj;foL d~h'/ eO{ d]nldnfksf nflu k7fPsf] eGg] b]lvFbf d]nldnfkaf6 ;Daf]wg x'g ;Sg] ljifodf cfof]u k|j]z ul//xg Gofo;ª\ut gx'g] x'Fbf xfnnfO{ o; ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'‹ofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !)-u_ adf]lhd vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

227. ckx/0f, c3f{vfFrL lhNnf kfnL uflj; j8f g++= ^ lgjf;L g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf kfnL ufpF ;ldltsf ;efklt tyf If]qLo ;b:o sdn vgfnnfO{ vfgf vfO/x]sf] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh dfcf]jfbLsf] ckx/0faf6 ldlt @)^).!!.@& ut] ;s'zn d'Qm ePsf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

228. cfTdxTof, kfFry/ lhNnf l;lbg uflj; j8f g++ ^ :yfoL 3/ ePsf jb|L /fgfdu/nfO{ ;'/Iffkmf}hn] kqmfp u/L cf]lbg Aof/]ssf] lx/f;tdf /fv]sf]df ;}Go lx/f;td} cfTdxTof u/]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh jb|L /fgfdu/nfO{ ;'/Iffkmf}hn] kqmfp u/L cf]lbg Aof/]ssf] lx/f;tdf


/fv]sf]df ;}Go lx/f;td} cfTdxTof u/]sf] eGg] b]lvPsf], kLl8tsf cfkmGtn] Ifltk"lt{;d]t kfPsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

229. xTof, ;'g;/L lhNnf Og?jf anfxf a:g] hLjgfy l3ld/]nfO{ cfTd;dk{0f u/L xft p7fO;s]kl5 ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL df/]sfn] bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL / kLl8tnfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fOkfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh hLjgfy l3ld/]nfO{ cfTd;dk{0f u/L xft p7fO;s]kl5 ;'/IffsdL{n] uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sf/afxL ug{ tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/nfO{ ?= #,))))).—-tLg nfv_ /sd Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

230. ;DklQsf] sAhf, s'df/jtL{ uflj; gjnk/f;L lgjf;L s]z/hª /fodfemLsf] kl/jf/sf] gfddf /x]sf] hUufaf6 dfcf]jfbLn] wfg n'6]/ nu]sfn] JolQmut ;DklQsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu cfjZos kxn u/LkfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf s'df/jtL{ uflj; gjnk/f;L lgjf;L s]z/hª /fodfemLsf] kl/jf/sf] gfddf /x]sf] hUufaf6 tTsfnLg ;dodf dfcf]jfbLn] wfg n'6]/ nu]sf], JolQmut ;DklQsf] clwsf/ xgg ePsf] eP tfklg xfn To:tf] cj:yf g/x]sf] / cfkm\gf] ;DklQsf] xsef]u ul//x]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

231. xTof, kfFry/ lhNnf cd/k'/ uflj; j8f g+ ^ :yfoL 3/ ePsf s'naxfb'/ a:g]tnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] / ;ft lbgkl5 b'O{ hgf sDJof6 8«];df cfPsf JolQmx¿n] lghsf] ef}lts ;kmfof u/]sf] / sfhlqmof ug'{ egL ;"rgf 6fF; ul/lbPsfn]] 36gfsf] lgikIf 5fglag u/L bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fO{ kfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8tsf kl/jf/n] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 /fxt÷Ifltk"lt{:j¿k kfFr nfv ?lkofF a'lemlnPsf] b]lvPsf] t/ bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL ePsf] eGg] gb]lvPsfn] bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

232. xTof, kfFry/ lhNnf cd/k'/ uflj; j8f g+ ^ :yfoL 3/ ePsf ltnljqmd vqLnfO{ ldlt @)^).&.!% df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] ckx/0f u/L


nu]sf] / ;ft lbgkl5 b'O{hgf sDJof6 8«];df cfPsf JolQmx¿n] lghsf] ef}lts ;kmfof u/]sf] / sfhlqmof ug"{ egL ;"rgf 6fF; ul/lbPsfn]] 36gfsf] lgikIf 5fglag u/L bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL tyf kLl8tsf kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fOkfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8tsf kl/jf/n] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 /fxt÷Ifltk"lt{:j¿k kfFr nfv ?lkofF a'lemlnPsf] b]lvPsf] t/ bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL ePsf] eGg] gb]lvPsfn] bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

233. ;DklQ sAhf, af/f lhNnf 3/ eO{ g]kfnL ;]gfdf sfo{/t k|df]bljqmd l;+xsf] 3/hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sfo{stf{x¿n] sAhf u/L ;'s'Daf;Lx¿nfO{ ljt/0f u/]sf] egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf /Iff dGqfnodf 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf hfgsf/L dfu u/L kqfrf/ ug]{ / hafkm k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM k]; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

234. ph'/L g+ ##), d[To', If]sf hgsk'/, jL/uGh pdgkf j8f g+ !# lgjf;L df]= ldof cG;f/Lsf] ;z:q k|x/Lsf] s'6lk6af6 d[To' ePsf] eGg] 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no k;f{df tLg lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ kqfrf/ u/L hfgsf/L dfu ug]{ / k|fKt ePkl5 k'gM k]; ug]{ .

235. ;DklQ sAhf, af3df/f jfON8 nfOkm l/;f]{6 lrtjg ;f}/fxfdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ;Da4 JolQmx¿n] sAhf u/]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn pQm l/;f]{6 dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{n] d'Qm ul/;s]sf] / l/;f]{6 ;~rfns tyf dhb'/x¿aLr ;xdlt;d]t ePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

236. Gofok|zf;g, e/tk'/, lrtjg lgjf;L clwjQmf kbdk|;fb bfxfnnfO{ lbnaxfb'/ nfdfn] Hofg dfg]{ p2]Zon] uf]nL k|xf/ u/]sf] / pQm 36gfdf ;+nUg ljj]s kf08], ;fu/ s];Lnufotsf cGo JolQmx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp gu/]sf] sf/0f cfkm"nfO{ c;'/Iff ePsf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh kbd bfxfnsf] ;DaGwdf k|x/Ln] 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf], s]xLnfO{ jf/]G6 hf/L u/]sf] / ;+alGwt cbfntdf d'2f;d]t rln/x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

237. c3f{vfFrL lhNnf 7"nf]kf]v/f ( sf rGb|dl0f kf08]sf] df]6/;fOsnsf] 7Ss/kl5 3/]n' xltof/ k|of]u u/L d'v / cfFvfdf uDeL/ rf]6 k'u]sf] / pkrf/sf] qmddf


d[To' ePsf] ;f] ;DaGwdf /fHokIfaf6 k|efjsf/L cg';Gwfg gePsf] eGg] ;DaGwdf cfof]usf] cg';Gwfgaf6 lgh rGb|dl0f kf08]sf] d[To' ;DaGwdf k|x/Ln] 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmx¿nfO{ kqmfp u/]sf], cbfntdf d'2f rn]sf]df s]xLnfO{ s}b ;hfo u/]sf] / s]xL w/f}6Ldf tf/]vdf /x]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

238. lje]b, kfFry/ lhNnf yk'{ uflj; j8f g+ $ :yfoL 3/ ePsf leid sf]O/fnfnfO{ cGt/hftLo ljjfx u/]sf] sf/0f lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sf], dfgl;s oftgf ;xg'k/]sf] egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghsf] dfubfaLcg';f/sf] sfo{ gePsf], hftLo e]befj gePsf] / lghnfO{ csf]{ ljBfnodf xflh/ u/fPsf] eGg] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no kfFry/af6 hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

239. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, gjnk/f;L lhNnf k;f}{gL uflj; j8f g+ $ / ^ lgjf;L sljGb| rf}w/L, aln/fd rf}w/L, lhtaxfb'/ rf}w/LnfO{ bz}+sf] nflu lsgd]n ug{ ahf/-laxf/df_ uPsf] cj:yfdf ef/tLo ;'/Iffan;Fu afblaafb ePsf] / ef/tLo k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L y'gfdf /fv]sfn] l/xfOsf] nflu kxn u/L kfpFm eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghx¿nfO{ ef/tLo k|x/Ln] y'gfd'Qm u/]sf] / 3/df cfO{ ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf]kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

240. hftLo lje]b, l;/fxf lhNnf wgu9LdfO{ gkf j8f g+ # lgjf;L lnlnof dl/s;d]tnfO{ c5't hftsf] egL /fd;sn dxtf] / hLj5 ofbj;d]tn] 57 kj{sf] k"hf ug{ glbPsf] egL cfof]udf kg{] cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf pQm 36gfdf kLl8t ePsf JolQmx¿n] ;f] ;DaGwdf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no nxfg l;/fxfdf hftLo lje]b tyf 5'jf5't zLif{sdf d'2f btf{ eO{ cg';Gwfg;d]t eO/x]sf], k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] tyf xfn;Dd klg ;dfhdf hftLo lje]b x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsfn] o:tf] sfo{sf] cGTo ug{sf nflu cfjZos kxn ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ n]vL k7fpg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


241. ;'/IffsdL{åf/f a]kQf kfl/Psf elgPsf tyf c1ft ;d"xåf/f ckx/0f u/L l:ylt c1ft kfl/Psf] elgPsf tkl;ndf pNn]lvt JolQmx¿sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g cfPsfn] lghx¿sf] ;DaGwdf cg';GWffg 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

qm=;+ kLl8tsf] gfd

7]ufgf kmfOn g+=

36gf ePsf] :yfg

36gf ePsf] ldlt

xfnsf] cj:yf

;|f]t

1. sfdgkf ^, af}4, pk]Gb| ltdlN;gf

455 af}4 sf7df8f}F 2059.5.14 ;fj{hlgs kLl8t :jo+

2.

cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ sf dxf;lrj lxdfn zdf{

1044 sf7df8f}F 2060.7.4

;fj{hlgs kqklqsf

3. g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ g]tf dft[sf ofbj / ;'/]z cfn]du/

2170 sf7df8f}F 2060

;fj{hlgs kqklqsf

4. bf]nvf, 7"nf]kftfn &, eO{, sf7df8f}F a:g] ;'/h d'lvof

1957

sf7df8f}F 2061.4.7

;fj{hlgs kLl8t :jo+

5. sf7df8f}F hf]/kf6L a:g] gf/fo0f k'mofFn

3885 uf]s0f{, sf7df8f}F 2063.3.26 ;fj{hlgs kLl8t cfkmGt

6. sf7df8f}F, af}4, a:g] 8f]Nsf/ lx;],

834 sf7df8f}F 2068.7.27 ;fj{hlgs kLl8t :jo+

7. ;'g;/L, w/fg gkf !) a:g] /fh]z eGg] lbg]z lnDa"

2096 sf]6]Zj/, sf7df8f}F

2061.5.8

;fj{hlgs kLl8t :jo+

242. Gofok|zf;g, sf:sL lhNnf kf]v/f lgjf;L of]u]Gb| zdf{ bfxfnnfO{ :yfgLo JolQm sNof0f kflnv]n] k|x/L k|zf;gsf] cf8 lnO{ 8/, wfs, wDsL lbPsf] / lghnfO{ ldlt @)^$÷!÷* ut] lkkN; l8km]G; cfdL{af6 sAhfdf lnPsfn] l/xfOsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf dWo:ytfdfkm{t kIf / ljkIfaLr ldnfkq u/]sf] b]lvPsf], lghnfO{ lkkN; l8km]G; cfdL{n] sAhfdf lnPsf] geO{ lkkN; l8km]G; cfdL{sf] gSsnL n]6/Kof8 k|of]u u/L cfkm" ckx/0f k/]sf] egL em'6f] lgj]bg lbPsf] eGg] b]lvPsf] / o; ;DaGwdf dfgj clwsf/sf] b[li6sf]0faf6 x]g'{kg]{ u/L s'g} yk ljjfb jf ;d:of gb]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


243. y'gf, a}t8L lhNnf dNnfb]xL uflj; 3/ eO{ r08Lsf u0f kj{tdf sfo{/t ;z:q k|x/L hjfg hgsaxfb'/ lji6nfO{ ldlt @)^# ;fn c;f/df ;z:q k|x/L P]g ljk/Lt sfo{ u/]sf] egL cfFvfdf kl§afFwL 3/kl/jf/;Fu ;d]t e]63f6 ug{ glbPsf] egL cfof]udf ph'/L kg{ cfPsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'bfF k|:t't 36gf ;DaGwdf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt kf6gsf] cfb]zn] lgh l/xf eO;s]sf] / xfn s'g} klg ;d:of gePsfn]] 6'ª\UofOlbg" egL kLl8t :jo+n] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

244. wDsL, uf]/vf lhNnf, k|f]s uflj; j8f g+= * a:g] tTsfnLg /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf If]qLo ;b:o wfjf nfdfnfO{ ldlt @)^#÷&÷$ ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] & lbg;Dd sf]7fdf y'g]/ cdfgjLo oftgf lbPsf] / kf6L{ g5f]8]df ef}lts sf/afxL ug]{ wDsL lbPsfn]] lhpwg / ;DklQsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't 36gf ;DaGwdf cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf kLl8t :jo++nfO{ ph'/L lbPsf]af/] hfgsf/L gePsf] tyf xfn s'g} klg ;d:of gePsfn]] ph'/L 6'UofOlbg lnlvt lgj]bg lbPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

245. wDsL, :ofª\hf lhNnf la3f{ uflj; j8f g+= % a:g] b'uf{k|;fb kf08]nfO{ ldlt @)^(÷!÷#! ut] cfkm\gf 5f]/f5f]/Lx¿nfO{ ljBfno egf{ u/L kms{g] qmddf w'|j kf08], gf/fo0f kf08] / t'n;L/fd;d]tn] ufnLunf}h u/L ;fdflhs alxisf/ ug]{ wDsL lbPsfn]] Gofosf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn s'g} klg ;d:of gePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

246. Gofok|zf;g, afun'ª lhNnf, lg;L uflj; j8f g+= ^ a:g] b]j]Gb| a'9f du/ / P]= lgjf;L eLdaxfb'/ a'9f du/nfO{ cfjZos sfuhkq x'Fbfx'Fb} klg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no afun'ªn] gfafns kl/rokq pknAw gu/fO{ afn clwsf/ pNn‹g u/]sf] egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf km/s dg;fon] gfafns kl/rokq agfpg vf]h]sf] / afnsx¿sf] pd]/ zÍf nfuL 8fS6/af6 zf/Ll/s k/LIf0f u/fpg cfb]z lbPsf]df ;f] gu/fO{ cgu{n k|rf/–


k|;f/ u/L aRrfx¿ gb]vfO{ jf:tlas s'/f 9fs5f]k u/]sf] / ph'/Ldf bfaLadf]lhd lghx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] gb]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

247. Gofok|zf;g, sf:sL lhNnf n]vgfy gkf j8f g+= * a:g] /fdhL nfld5fg]n] s'v'/fkfng Joj;fo ubf{ km}lnPsf] b'u{Gwn] P]= :yfg a:g] 3Ddfof /fgf du/sf] kl/jf/ g} la/fdL kg{ uPsfn] s'v'/fkfng Jofj;fo cGoq ;fg{ nufpg ;DalGwt lgsfodf lgj]bg lbFbf s'g} klg sf/afxL gePsfn]] :j:y jftfj/0fdf a:g kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf kLl8tsf] tkm{af6 ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfntdf ;d]t d'2f bfo/ eO{ sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof cufl8 al9/x]sf] a'lemg cfPsfn] o; 36gf ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 s]xL ul//xg'k/]g . ctM /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

248. wDsL, sf:sL lhNnf, kf]v/f n]vgfy dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= ^ lgjf;L tf]kaxfb'/ kl/of/ / lghsL >LdtL clDasfbf; kl/of/nfO{ ldlt @)&#÷$÷#) ut] ;DklQ / n]gb]gsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ lhNnf, k|x/L sfof{no kl/;/leq /fds[i0f b]jsf]6f / 6Í kf}8]nn] ;ft lbgleq 3/ vfnL gu/] h] klg x'g ;S5 egL wDsL lbPsf] egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't 36gfsf ;DaGwdf pRr cbfnt sf:sLdf d'2f sf/afxLsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sfn] xfnnfO{ ph'/L tfd]nLdf /flvlbg" egL kLl8t :jo+++n] cfof]u;dIf lnlvt lgj]bg lbPsf] b]lvFbf ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

249. wDsL, uf]/vf lhNnf, k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg If]q ! -v_ sf g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf pd]bjf/ /fh]Gb| ahufO{+nfO{ k|b]z–;ef lgjf{rg k|rf/–k|;f/sf] nflu lgjf{rg If]qsf ljleGg :yfgdf hfg] qmddf ljleGg ;d"xaf6 8/, qf; / wDsL ePsfn] zflGt;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO;s]sf] cj:yf /x]sf] / wDsLsf] cj:yf;d]t g/x]sf] b]lvPsfn] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


250. Gofok|zf;g rf]/Lsf] cleof]udf sf/fuf/ sfof{no huGgfyb]jndf s}bdf /x]sf gfOs] 6f;L eGg] nLnfaxfb'/ nfdfnfO{ ldlt @)^&÷!!÷! ut] ;'/IffsdL{;lxt ;fdfg vl/b ug{ uPsf] cj:yfdf b/af/dfu{af6 ;fbf kf];fssf ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/L dxfgu/Lo k|x/L kl/;/ xg'dfg9f]sfdf /fv]sf]df Pp6f cleof]udf s}b e'Qmfg ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf csf]{ em'¶f cf/f]k nufO{ kqmfp u/]sfn] dfgj clwsf/sf] /Iff u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ;Ddflgt lhNnf cbfnt sf7df8f}Faf6 ldlt @)^*÷)%÷!( ut] ;f] ;DaGwdf km};nf eO{ Goflos lg¿k0f eO;s]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL 6+ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

251. zflGtk"j{s afFRg kfpg] clwsf/ xgg, g]kfn k|x/L cg';GwfgAo'/f] dxf/fuhGhdf sfo{/t k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfs gj/fh l;nafnsf] a9'jfsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ cbfntdf l/6 bfo/ ePsf]df k"jf{u|xL 9Ën] jt{dfg k|x/L dxflg/LIfsaf6 cfjZos l;kmfl/;;lxt sfuhftx¿ k]; u/L la/fdL labf dfu u/]sf]df labf :jLs[t eP gePsf] ;"rgf glbPsf], cfkm\gf dftxtsf k|x/L sd{rf/Lx¿af6 wDsL lbg nufPsfn] dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lghnfO{ ;d:of g/x]sf] b]lvPsfn] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

252. Gofok|zf;g, df]/ª lhNnf, O6x/f * 3/ eO{ c:6«]lnofdf cWoog/t l/of >]i7nfO{ /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]usf] r=g+= %^) ldlt @)&$÷!@÷$ ut]sf] kqsf] cfwf/df lghnfO{ lqe'jg ljdfg:ynaf6 cWofudg ljefun] ha/h:tL /fxbfgL vf];L ljb]z hfgaf6 /f]s]sf], /fxbfgL vf]:gfsf] sf/0fhfgsf/L dfu ubf{;d]t ;"rgf glbPsf] / cfkm\gf] sfo{If]q aflx/ uO{ dfgj clwsf/ xggu/]sfn] ;+nUg sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't ljifodf ;Ddflgt ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 cGtl/d cfb]z;d]t hf/L eO;s]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/ sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]hL ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

253. wDsL, kfFry/ lhNnf, xfª\u'd uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] g/]zeQm rflDnªnfO{ ldlt @)^$÷&÷! ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] /fh;+:yfsf] ;dy{gdf s'g} klg lsl;dsf ls|ofsnfk gug{ wDsL lbPsf] sf/0f lj:yflkt ePsf] egL


cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh xfn ;f}xfb{k"0f{ jftfj/0fdf hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

254. Gofok|zf;g, sfe|]knfGrf]s lhNnf, ;ª\v'kf6Lrf}/ ^ :yfoL 3/ eO{ xfn ;'g;/L lhNnf, w/fg gkf ! 8]/f u/L a;L >L klAns pdflj w/fgdf cWoog/t gj/fh yfkfnfO{ ldlt @)^% ;fndf lhNnf:t/Lo jflif{s k/LIffdf pQL0f{ ePklg ljBfnosf k|cn] pQm k/LIffdf cg'tL0f{ ePsf] egL lzIffsf] clwsf/ xgg u/L dfgl;s oftgf lbPsfn]] lghdfly sfg'gL sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf o; 36gfdf >L klJns pdfljsf tTsfnLg k|wfgfWofks n]vgfy e§/fO{sf] nfk/jfxLsf sf/0f kf; eO;s]sf] ljBfyL{nfO{ k'gM -b'O{k6s_ sIff * sf] lhNnf:t/Lo k/LIffdf ;fd]n u/fO{ lghsf] sIff r9\g kfpg] clwsf/af6 jl~rt u/]sf] eGg] b]lvPsf] x'Fbf o:tf] sfo{ k'gM gbf]xf]¥ofpg lgh k|wfgfWofksnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg / lhNnf:t/Lo k/LIffdf ;+nUg x'g] lhNnf lzIff sfof{no tyf lhNnf k/LIff ;ldltsf lzIfs / sd{rf/LnfO{ a]n}df ;r]t /xg lgb]{zg lbg ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ n]vL k7fpg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

gLltut

255. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, emfkf lhNnf, latf{ahf/ a:g] b]j]Gb|k|;fb j}Zo -;f]gL_ nfO{ 8f=;L=s]=/fptsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ldlt @)&!÷^÷!* ut] k"j{aGb sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ ldlt @)&!÷^÷!^ ut] laxfg & ah] krf{ 6fF:b} u/]sf] cj:yfdf Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no latf{df]8af6 vl6Psf k|x/L 6f]nLn] kqmfp u/]sfn] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ lhNnf, k|x/L sfof{no emfkfn] ldlt @)&!÷^÷!% ut]b]lv g} ;fj{hlgs labf k/]sfn] lghnfO{ d'2f x]g]{ clwsf/L;dIf k|:t't ug{ g;lsPsf] egL u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /flvPsf] / ldlt @)&!÷^÷!( ut] lghsL >LdtLsf] lhDdf nufO{ l/xf ul/Psf], lx/f;tdf /xFbf lghnfO{ s'g} klg k|sf/sf] oftgf glbPsf] eGg] cfof]usf] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 b]lvFbf lgh b]j]Gbk|;fb j}Zo -;f]gL_ nfO{ u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /flvPsf] cjlwsf] k|To]s lbgsf] ?= %)).—sf b/n] Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg / ;f]sf] af]wfy{ k|x/L k|wfg sfof{nonfO{ k|bfg ug{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod @% sf] -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .


256. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, ;'g;/L lhNnf, w/fg gu/kflnsf j8f g+= @@ a:g] lbnLks'df/ /fO{nfO{ ldlt @)&@÷%÷!! ut] k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf]n] lgikIf cg';Gwfg u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf o; ;DaGwdf ;Ddflgt lhNnf, cbfnt ;'g;/Laf6 km};nf eO;s]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

257. u}/sfg'gL y'gf, ;'g;/L lhNnf 8'd|fxf # ctf{emf]8f a:g] jif{ $@ sf /fd;]js rf}w/LnfO{ ldlt @)&@÷!!÷$ ut] cGbfhL !% jif{sL kxf8L d"nsL aflnsfnfO{ anfTsf/ u/]sf] cf/f]kdf s]xL ;f]wk'5 ug'{ 5 egL kqmfp u/L nu]sfdf s]xL lbgdf 5f]l8lbPsf] / k'gM sf7 t:s/ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf] x'Fbf ljgfs;'/ ljleGg cf/f]k nufO{ b'Mv lbPsfn]] 5fglag u/L bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lghnfO{ s'g} klg ;d:of gePsf] / lgh d"lt{sf/ ePsfn]] d"lt{ agfpg] sfddf lg/Gt/ nflu ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

258. Gofok|zf;g, ;'g;/L lhNnf w/fg gkf j8f g+= !% 1fgrIf' dfu{ a:g] snfjtL dfjf]xfª lnDa" / hd'gf lnDa"n] P]= j8f g+= * l:yt zlg dlGb/df ljut Ps jif{b]lv b}lgs k"hfcf/fwgf, kf7 tyf ;/;kmfO ub}{ cfO/x]sf]df ldlt @)&@÷!!÷@^ ut] P]= lgjf;L b]jnIdL k|wfgnufotsf JolQmx¿n] dlGb/df a;]/ k"hf ug{ kfpFb}gf} egL s'6lk6 u/L 3fOt] agfO{ Hofg dfg]{ wDsL lbPsf]df Ok|sfdf ph'/L ug{ hfFbf hfx]/L lng gdfgL Gofoaf6 jl~rt u/]sfn] cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lghx¿nfO{ dlGb/ k|j]z u/L k"hf ug{ s'g} ;d:of gb]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

259. /f]huf/Lsf] clwsf/, kj{t lhNnf, v'sf]{6 uflj; j8f g+= @ a:g] hfoZj/ nD;fnn] >L lxdfno dfljdf sfof{no ;xof]uL kbdf lgo'lQm lnO{ ldlt @)$#÷)&÷!) ut]b]lv cljl5Gg ¿kdf ;]jf ub}{ cfPsf]df ldlt @)^*÷*÷! ut] ljgfsf/0f pQm kbaf6 x6fPsfn] k'gM axfnL u/fO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't ljifodf k'g/fj]bg cbfnt afun'ªaf6 ;]jf s/f/ Hofnfbf/Ldf ljBfno k|zf;gn] x6fOPsf] 7Ls xf],


k'a{xfnLsf] dfubfaL gk'Ug] egL vf/]h ul/lbPsf] egL lg0f{o ePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]hL ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

260. cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/, kj{t lhNnf, s'Zdf gkf j8f g+= ! a:g] o'Qmk|;fb >]i7sf] vfg]kfgLsf] kfOk ldlt @)&!÷!@÷!$ ut] P]= lgjf;L xl/ clwsf/L, ljho xdfn / eb|axfb'/ >]i7;d]tn] pv]n]/ kmflnPsfn] kfgL vfg kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf pQm 36gf ;DaGwdf lhNnfl:yt ;/sf/L lgsfo Pjd\ :yfgLo vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf ;ldltnufotsf JolQmx¿sf] /f]xj/df ;xhLs/0f u/L ldnfkqsf] sfuh u/fPsf] / lghn] vfg]kfgL pkef]u ug{ kfO;s]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:Tf't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

261. afn clwsf/, df]/ª lhNnf, lj/f6gu/ 3/ eO{ nIdLgf/fo0f j]b j[4f>ddf cWoog/t t'n;L lg/f}nf -tf}tfb|L_ nfO{ ldlt @)^#÷#÷!# ut] lzIfsn] kfgLsf] kfOkn] lk6]sf] / ;f]xL sf/0f a]xf];;d]t ePsfn] lgh lzIfsdfly sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf]] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ph'/Lstf{ / lgh lzIfsaLr ;Demf}tf eO{ ldnfkq eO;s]sf] eGg] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgaf6 b]lvPsfn] ph'/Lpk/ sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

262. lj:yflkt, wgs'6f lhNnf, d"lt{9'Ëf uflj; j8f g+= * a:g] j]baxfb'/ sfkm\n]sf] 3/dflylt/ ldlt @)^&÷$÷!^ ut] klx/f] uPsf sf/0f lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sfn] :yflkt u/fO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lghsf] 3/dfly kSsL s'nf] agfO{ Uoflj|Pn jfn nufPsfn] klx/f] uPs} sf/0f lgh lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sf] gb]lvPsf] v'Ng cfPsfn] ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

263. cfly{s ;fdflhs clwsf/, df]/ª lhNnf, a'wgu/ uflj; j8f g+=& l:yt u0f]z k|fljdf lhNnf, lzIff sfof{nosf] cg'bfgn] aGb} u/]sf] @ sf]7] ejg of]hgfljk/Lt uflj;sf] k'/fgf] ejg eTsfO{ ltg} k'/fgf / u'0f:t/xLg 6'qmf O§f k|of]u u/L k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fn] ;d]t sdhf]/ x'g] u/L ejg agfpFb} u/]sfn]


pQm sfo{ tTsfn /f]sL bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf]] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ;8s ljefu l8lehg sfof{nosf] k|of]uzfnf l/kf]6{ tyf cGo k|df0fx¿sf] cfwf/df ph'/L bfaL u/]cg';f/sf] sfo{ gePsf] k'li6 x'g] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lsf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]h ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

264. Gofok|zf;g, ;fF3' ;fKtflxsdf k|sflzt ;dfrf/nfO{ lnP/ ;f]xL klqsfsf ;Dkfbs uf]kfn a'9fyf]sLnfO{ ldlt @)&@÷$÷#@ ut] dxfgu/Lo k|x/L kl/;/ sf7df8f}Fn] 3/ 3]/fp ug]{, sf]7f vfgtnf;L ug]{ h:tf sfo{ u/L b'Mv lbPsfn]] dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0f u/L kfpFm egL ph'/L k/]sf] ePtfklg nfdf] ;do;Dd ph'/Lstf{n] cfof]udf ;Dks{ gu/]sf], lghnfO{ k|]lift kq;d]t lkmtf{ cfPsf] / tTsfnLg kl/l:ylth:tf] jt{dfg cj:yf g/x]sf] x'Fbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

265. cfly{s ;fdflhs clwsf/, ef/tLo gful/s ;dL/ sd{sf/n] sf7df8f}Fsf ljleGg ;'g k;n]x¿;Fu sfnLu9sf] ¿kdf sfo{ ul//x]sf]df lghsf] ;'gk;n]x¿;Fu ljjfb ePsf] / jiff}{+ k'/fgf] lx;fa–lstfa gldn]sf]n] Gofo lbnfO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghn] k]; u/]sf lx;fjsf] sfuhft k|df0f k'li6 x'g] gb]lvPsf]] / cfly{s n]gb]g;DaGwL ljjfb ePsfn]] cfof]usf] If]qflwsf/ ;d]t gkg]{ b]lvFbf ph'/Lpk/ sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]h ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .

266. cfly{s ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts clwsf/, g]kfnL ;]gf :jf:Yo lj1fg ;+:yfgåf/f ljBfyL{x¿sf] nflu clgjfo{ d];sf] Joj:yf u/]sf]df ?lrcg';f/sf] vfgf vfg gkfOg] / clgjfo{ d];n] pkef]Qmf clwsf/sf] xgg ePsf] x'Fbf ;f] k|fjwfg x6fO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't ljifodf clgjfo{ d];sf] Joj:yf x'Fb}df pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/ pNn‹g ePsf] eGg gldNg] / pQm Joj:yfnfO{ egf{ x'Fbfsf] avt g} ljBfyL{n] :jLsf/ u/]sfn] pQm ljifo s/f/Lo bfloTjcGtu{t x'g] b]lvG5 . ctM k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\ufO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]h lg0f{o ul/of] .


267. pkef]Qmf clwsf/, vf]6fª lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd lbQm]n ahf/df Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ Jofkf/Lx¿n] Dofb gfl3 ;s]sf] vfBkbfy{ laqmLljt/0f ubf{ ;d]t s;}n] rf;f] gb]vfPsfn] pkef]Qmfsf] :jf:Yo clwsf/ xgg ePsf] egL cfof]udf ph'/L kg{ cfPsf] ;Gbe{df :jf:Yojb{s vfgf vfg kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{ bfloTj ;/sf/sf] x'g] x'Fbf vfBfGgsf] u'0f:t/sf] lg/Gt/ Pjd\ lgoldt cg'udg u/L pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ n]vL k7fpg] / k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

268. Gofok|zf;g, nlntk'/ lhNnf, Odf8f]n * a:g] ;Ltf vqLsf] nlntk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf dxfnIdL:yfg a:g] sdnk|;fb l3ld/] tyf k|]dgf/fo0f l3ld/]n] lgh vqLn] !@ jif{cl3 agfPsf] zf}rfno g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_;lxtsf] ;+nUgtfdf eTsfPsf] / xfn 3/;d]t eTsfOlbg] wDsL lbPsfn]] bf]ifLnfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL u/L plrt Ifltk"lt{sf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't ljifodf ldnfkq eO{ Ifltk"lt{;d]t ljkIfLx¿n] lbO;s]sf] hfgsf/L kLl8t :jo+n] lbPsf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

269. Gofok|zf;g, lhNnf, eQmk'/, s6'Gh] ! lgjf;L ;fljqL yfkf / lghsf] b]j/ k|]daxfb'/ yfkfsf] gfddf /x]sf] hUuf ;+o'Qm /x]sf]df b'O{aLr c+zaG8f ug{sf nflu egL ;DalGwt lgsfodf hfFbf ;f] hUUff lgh ;fljqL yfkfsf] l:js[ltljgf sf7df8f}F pkTosf gu/–ljsf; ;ldltn] eQmk'/ dfnkf]t sfof{nodf clwu|x0f /f]Ssf u/]sfn] ;f] ;ldlt;Fu c+zaG8f ug{sf nflu l;kmfl/;kq dfu ubf{ l;kmfl/;kq glbO{ c;xof]u u/]sfn] ;f]sf] nflu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|:t't ljifodf ldnfkq eO{ kLl8tn] cfkm\gf] clwsf/ lgjf{w ¿kdf k|of]u ul//x]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd vf/]hLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

270. Gofo k|zf;g, åGåkLl8t ;Da4 ;+:yfx¿sf] cfof]hgfdf aa/dxndf cfof]lht zflGtk"0f{ wgf{sf] sfo{qmddf k|x/L pk/LIfs ;Gtf]if v8\sfsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] 6f]nLn] cGwfw'Gw nf7L k|xf/ ubf{ w]/} hgf 3fOt] x'g'sf ;fy} ;fdfgx¿ -dfOs, Jofg/_ vf];]/ nfg'sf ;fy} r:df;d]t km'6fO{ b'Jo{jxf/ u/]sfn] vf]l;Psf


;fdfgx¿ lkmtf{ u/fO{ lgh k|x/L pk/LIfsnfO{ sf/afxLsf nflu cfjZos kxn u/LkfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf], ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf k|x/Ln] ;/;fdfgx¿ vf];]sf] eGg] 36gf k'li6 x'g] k|df0f gePsf] tyf k|x/Ln] ph'/Lstf{;Fu dfkmL;d]t dfu]sf] eGg] ph'/Lstf{sf] egfO /x]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

271. ;DklQsf] clwsf/, lhNnf, sfe|]knfGrf]s, sfe|] uflj;l:yt u|fdL0f ljsf; s]Gb|sf] sfof{no;d]t /x]sf] pk:jf:Yorf}sL ejgdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ha/h:tL sfof{no ejgsf] 5fgf tyf sfof{no kl/;/df kf6L{sf] em08f uf8L sfof{nosf] Ps sf]7f;d]t sAhf u/]sfn] :jf:Yo sfof{nodf ePsf] o:tf] lqmofsnfk /f]Sg tyf lgoGq0f ug{sf nflu ;DalGwt kIf;Fu cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'bfF xfn s'g} klg ;d:of gePsf] / ;+:yfn] g} pQm ejgsf] k|of]u ul//x]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

272. a]kQf, lhNnf emfkf latf{df]8 gkf j8f g+=@ lgjf;L lbsfg yfkfdu/ P]= lhNnf, sf] j8f g+=& lgjf;L clgn u'?ª;Fu >fj0f dlxgfsf] hn r9fpg egL emfkfsf] lzj;tf;L gkf j8f g+=& l:yt ;tf;Lwfd dlGb/df /ftL !!=#) ah] df]6/;fOsn lnO{ uPsf]df ;f]xL lbgb]lv ;Dks{df g/x]sfn] vf]htnf; u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh xfn ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

273. oftgf, lj/f6gu/, df]/ª lhNnf, dw'dNnf uflj; j8f g+=& a:g] g/axfb'/ e08f/Ln] cfkm\gf] 5f]/f /fhs'df/ elgg] ltnljqmd e08f/LnfO{ Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no, dw'dNnfn] kqmfp u/L oftgf lbPsfn]] cg';Gwfg u/L bf]ifL k|x/Lpk/ sf/afxL tyf plrt Ifltk"lt{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ oftgf lbPsf] eGg] k'li6 x'g g;s]sfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


274. ;DklQ sAhf, df]/ª lhNnf, cd/bx * lgjf;L tf]0f{axfb'/ lji6n] tTsfnLg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sfo{stf{x¿ /fh' du/, sdn ljs, ljh]tf, ab|L pkgfdsf nufotn] P]=P]= 7]ufgfdf /x]sf] lghsf a'af >L g/axfb'/ lji6sf] gfddf @)%( ;fndf btf{ ul/lbPsf] -xbaGbLeGbf a9L ePsfn]] g]kfn ;/sf/n] hkmt u/]sf]_ cGbfhL Ps laufxf b; s7\7f hUufsAhf u/]sfn] pQm hUuf dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] sAhfaf6 5'6fO{ :jtGq ¿kn] pkef]u ug]{ jftfj/0f ldnfO{ kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf pQm hUuf xfn cfkm}Fn] sdfpg yfn]sf] / ;f] hUuf cfkm\gf] gfddf gfd;f/L ug]{ k|lqmofdf /x]sf] eGg] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

275. wDsL, If]sf lj/f6gu/, emfkf lhNnf, bds !$ SofDk; /f]8 lgjf;L a}ª\s sd{rf/L cd[ts'df/ lji6sf] 3/df 8]/f u/L a:g] uf]ljGb g]kfnL eGg] JolQmn] sf7df8f}Fsf] kmf]g gDa/af6 kmf]g u/L lgh cd[ts'df/ lji6 / lghsf] kl/jf/;d]tnfO{ Hofgdfg]{ wDsL lbPsfn]] hLjg/Iffsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn s;}n] wDsL lbg] gu/]sf] / ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

276. hLjgsf] clwsf/, emfkf lhNnf, nvgk'/ uflj; j8f g+= ! sf ;'/]z /fO{ :yfgLo /t'jfdfO{ j[If/f]k0f cfof]hgfdf sfo{/t /x]sf / 8Ø'6Ldf g} /x]sf a]nf ;z:q k|x/L u0f kflye/f u0fdf tflnd/t l;+kfxLn] rnfPsf] uf]nL nfuL d[To' ePsf] lyof] . ;f] 36gfsf] nuQ} ;z:q k|x/L kflye/f u0fdf ePsf] jftf{df d[tssf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ Kn:f6';Ddsf] lgMz'Ns cWoog cWofkgsf nflu Joj:yf ul/lbg] tyf d[tssf xsjfnfnfO{ !) nfv ?lkofF Ifltk"lt{ lbnfpg lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no / ;/sf/;Fu kxn ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf]df ;f] ;xdltadf]lhdsf] sfof{Gjog gePsf] egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghn] Ifltk"lt{afkt /fxt /sd kfPsf], lghsL >LdtLnfO{ /t'jfdfO{ j[If/f]k0f cfof]hgfdf /f]huf/;d]t lbPsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] tyf o;/L ;'/IffsdL{sf] kmfol/ª;DaGwL tflnd ubf{ dfgjLo Iflt x'g uPsf] kfOPsfn]o;k|sf/sf] tflndaf6 eljiodf dfgjLo Iflt x'g glbg M -!_ ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ kmfol/ª tflnd ;~rfng ubf{ ;'/Iffsf] dfkb08 ckgfpg / -


@_ kmfol/ª tflndsf] ;dodf :yfgLonfO{ ;';"lrt ug{ egL g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf gLltut l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

277. wDsL, df]/ª lhNnfdf cjl:yt Dflxnf zflGt cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb| -jk/8]s_ df sfo{/t clwsf/sdL{ ;~h' zfxnfO{ lj/f6gu/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf l:yt /f]8z]if rf]saf6 ldlt @)&@.)!.)^ ut] lbp;f] $M#) ah]sf] ;dodf s]xL k|bz{gsf/Lx¿n] lgsfn]sf] ¥ofnLsf] cg'udg ug{ uPsf] cj:yfdf df]/ª lhNnfsf tTsfnLg k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L u0f]z/fh sfsL{n] kmf]gdfkm{t hxfF klg hfg], cg'udg ug}{kg]{, hyfefjL cg'udg x'G5 egL wDsL lbO{ cfkm\gf] bfloTjaf6 jl~rt ug{ vf]hL x:tIf]k ug{ vf]h]sfn] cfjZos kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'bfF xfn s;}n] wDsL lbg] gu/]sf] ;fdfGo cj:yf ePsf] tyf kLl8t cfkm\gf] k];fJoj;fo u/L ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

278. a]kQf, ?kGb]xL lhNnf dsx/ uflj; ( lgjf;L b]j/fh k"lj{of yf¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L a]kQf kf/]sfn] hLjg/Iffsf] ;fy} ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lghsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

279. a]kQf, ;z:q k|x/L an sflnsf u0f kf]v/fdf hjfg kbdf b/aGbL /xL ;z:q k|x/L an ;Ldf ;'/Iffkf]:6 xlyxjfdf sfo{/t /x]sf] cj:yfdf ldlt @)^(.@.@^ ut]b]lv lghn] ljgf s'g} hfgsf/L Aof/]s 5f8L efu]sfn] @$ 306fleq ;DalGwt sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf cGoyf ;Dks{ /fVg gcfPdf k|x/L lgodfjnLcg';f/ ;]jfaf6 avf{:t ul/G5 eGg] Aoxf]/fsf] hfgsf/L ldlt @)^(.#.!$ ut] lhNnf, k|x/L sfof{no afFs]dfkm{t k|fKt x'g cfPsf] t/ xfn;Dd lgh k|x/L hjfgsf] cj:yf c1ft /x]sf]n] lghsf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ug{ tyf vf]htnf;sf nflu kxn ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh xfn ef/tdf sfd ub}{ cfPsf] egL kLl8tsf afa'af6 hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


280. c1ft, ?kGb]xL lhNnf, cfdf uflj; j8f g+= ! d3f snjf/ kl/jf/;Fu v]t /f]Kg] ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ul//x]sf] a]nfdf s/d'Nnfxf wf]jLnufot JolQmx¿n] ldlt @)^&.$.* ut] nu]sf] /f]s6f]s ubf{ /f]Sg]nfO{ s'6lk6 u/L ha/h:tL l;Gb'/kf]t] nufO{ ckx/0f u/L xfn;DDf l:ylt c1ft kf/]sfn] vf]htnf; ul//x]sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ;f] 36gfsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt kIfx¿aLr ldnfkq eO;s]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L k|fKt x'g cfPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

281. lzIffsf] clwsf/, slknj:t' lhNnf a"9L uflj; j8f g+= % lgjf;L nfnaxfb'/ a]naf;]nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sfo{stf{x¿n] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 kLl8t kl/jf/n] -Ps nfv krf; xhf/_ Ifltk"lt{ kfP klg lghsf 5f]/f5f]/Lx¿ åGåkLl8t afnaflnsf ePsfn]] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt ug]{ ;xof]u, cWoog vr{nufot cGo ;a} ;'ljwf lbnfpgsf nflu kxn ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf btf{ ePsf]] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'bfF lghsf cfl>t afnaflnsfx¿n] !* jif{;Dd lg/Gt/ ¿kdf 5fqj[lQ kfPsf] eGGf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !)-!_ -3_ adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

282. Gofok|zf;g, lhNnf, ?kGb]xL lhNnf Psnf uflj; @ a:g] zsLn cxdbsf] 5f]/f dlha'/ /xdfgnfO{ rf]/Lsf] cf/f]kdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] lgd{d oftgf lbO{ rf]/Lsf] cf/f]k :jLsfg{ nufPsf] s]xL lbgkl5 k'gM dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ 3/df cfPsfn] 3/af6 efuL Hofg hf]ufPsf] x'gfn] dfcf]jfbL, k|zf;g / cfof]usf] /f]xj/df ePsf] lg0f{o :jLsfg{ tof/ 5', ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ;f] ljifodf ;xdlt eO{ ;d:of ;dfwfg eO;s]sf] egL lgj]bs :jo+n] kmf]gaf6 hfgsf/L u/fPsf] x'gfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

283. a]kQf, ?kGb]xL lhNnf, ;f8L uflj; j8f g+= ( lgjf;L xl//fd nfwnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] kqmfp u/]sf]df ldlt @)^@.&.@( ut] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt a'6jnsf] cfb]zdf y'gfd'Qm ePsf]df cbfnt kl/;/af6 ;fbf kf];fssf ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] k'gM kqmfp u/L a]kQf kf/]sfn] lghsf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ x'g cfPsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf >L ?kGb]xL lhNnf


cbfntsf] cfb]zdf st{JoHofg d'2fdf sf/fuf/df s}be'Qmfg ul//x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

284. a]kQf, slkna:t' lhNnf ks8L uflj; ^ a:g] /fh]Gb| ltjf/L, ;'/]Gb| ltjf/L / cGo gfd gv'n]sf] Ps hgf u/L tLg hgfnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] ldlt @)^@.!).@) ut] kqmfp u/L nu]sf] / lghx¿sf] cj:yf c1ft /x]sf] x'bfF lghx¿sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L kfpFm egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf xfn lghx¿sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

285. c1ft, dxf]Q/L lhNnf, k|sf}nL j8f g+=$ lgjf;L ;z:q k|x/L an slknj:t'df sfo{/t ;z:q k|x/L xjNbf/ Zofds'df/ sfk/ ldlt @)^$.!!.( ut]b]lv s[i0fgu/af6 x/fO/x]sf] / lghsf] ;DaGwdf lgh sfo{/t sfof{nodf a'em\bf xltof/;lxt a]kQf ePsf] eGg] hfgsf/L kfPsf] t/ slxn] s'g 7fpFaf6 a]kQf ePsf] xf] jf c¿ s;}n] a]kQf kf/]sf] eGg] ;DaGwdf s'g} hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{ g;s]sfn] lghsf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf k/]sf] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh a]kQf gePsf] / cfkm}F efu]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

286. c1ft, ?kGb]xL lhNnf, a'6jn gkf % a:g] !% sL lk|oÍf kf08] ldlt @)^#÷#÷* ut] laxfg ljBfno uPsf] a]n'sf;Dd 3/ gcfPkl5 vf]hL ub}{ hfFbf ljgf]b nf]w / u8\8' ofbj;d]tn] lghnfO{ ckx/0f u/L c1ft:yndf nu]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L cfPsfn] bf]ifLdfly sf/afxL tyf vf]htnf;sf nflu kxn ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh lk|oÍf kf08]sf] cj:yf ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] tyf bf]ifL elgPsfx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp ul/Psf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

287. ;DklQ sAhf, ?kGb]xL lhNnf, a'6jn gkf j8f g+= % uf]nkfs{ a:g] clDasf a:ofnsf] gfddf btf{ /xL ef]urng ub}{ cfPsf] slknj:t' lhNnf uh]x8f uflj; j8f g+= ( wgsf}nLsf] lsQf #& / @!( sf] hUuf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf


sfo{stf{x¿n] ldlt @)^!÷&÷@% ut] b]lv sAhf ub}{ cfPsf]df xfn;Dd klg km's'jf gePsf] / g]kfn ;/sf/af6 ;d]t km's'jf gePsf hUufx¿ km's'jf k|lqmofsf nflu ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf hfgsf/L u/fpg" eGg] ;"rgf ePcg';f/ ldlt @)^#÷(÷!# ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf hUuf /f]Ssf ul/Psf] tyf Ifltsf] ljj/0f;d]t k]; ul/Psf]df ;d]t km's'jf gePsfn] 3/hUuf km's'jfsf] nflu kxn u/L kfpFm eGg] ;DaGw k/]sf] ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg x'Fbf @)^^ ;fndf ;Dk"0f{ hUuf km's'jf eO{ hUuf a]rlavg;d]t ul/;s]sf] eGg] hfgsf/L kLl8tsf a'afaf6 hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsfn]] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf{/0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

288. ckx/0f, bfr'{nf lhNnf k|flj txsf lzIfs Pjd\ g]kfn lzIfs ;‹sf ;b:o lbjfs/ kfnnfO{ sl/a !%÷@) hgfsf] ;ª\Vofdf cfPsf ;z:q dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] eGg]ph'/L ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] ckx/0f u/L ^* lbg;Dd lghx¿sf] sAhfdf /fvL zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf lbO{ d'Qm u/]sf] kfOPsf], dfcf]jfbLsf] o:tf] sfo{ h]g]ef dxf;lGw !($( sf] ;femf wf/f # ljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ePsf] b]lvPsfn] /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* sf] bkmf !^ adf]lhd ?= Psnfv Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

289. ckx/0f, u'NdL lhNnf cfkrf}/ uflj; j8f g++= ^ lgjf;L >L g]kfn /fli6«o dflj OGb|]uf}8fdf cWoog/t 5fqf ;Ltf e§/fO{nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ ldlt @)^!.$.@) ut] ckx/0f u/L P]=P]= @$ ut] ;s'zn l/xf u/L xfn ;fdfGo hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

290. ckx/0f, u'NdL lhNnf xdL{rf}/ uflj; j8f g++= & lgjf;L ldqnfn kf08]nfO{ @)^!.!!.@ ut] ;fFem ;z:q dfcf]jfbLåf/f ckx/0f ul/Psf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh ckx/0fd'Qm eO;s]sf] / lghsf ;kl/jf/ xfn sf7df8f}F+df a:b} cfPsf] tyf lj:t[t zflGt;Demf}tfkl5 lgh ldqnfn kf08]sf] kl/jf/nfO{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 e/0fkf]if0f / k'gM:yfkgf vr{;d]tsf] /sd pknAw u/fPsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


291. ckx/0f, tfKn]h'ª lhNnfsf] gfNa', ;fFjf, kfk'ª, y'lsDaf, ;Gyfsf, lnGt]k, km'ªlnª, lnafª, v]h]lgd, ;fjflbg, vfDn'ª, tfk]yf]s, n]n]k, ofDkm'lbg, dfdfFv], v]jfg, gfªvf]Nkfª, y]rDa', xfªkfª, l;r}sf, 8'ld|;], cfDa]u'lbg, l;gd, t'Da]lbg, ;':d'lvd, 9'Ë];fF3' / k]bfª uflj;sf ;Dk"0f{ lzIfsx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] ckx/0f u/L tfKn]h'ª ;b/d'sfdaf6 k"jL{pQ/ e]udf kg]{ t]Nnf]s uflj;tkm{ nu]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf pNn]lvt ljBfnosf ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] pgLx¿sf] sfo{qmddf n}hfg] / sfo{qmd ;lsPkl5 kmsf{Olbg] u/]sf] / ljBfyL{ tyf lzIfsx¿ xfn ljBfnodf g} cWoog–cWofkg u/L–u/fO/x]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

292. ckx/0f, kfNkf lhNnf ;TojtL uflj; j8f g++= @ a:g] wgaxfb'/ l3ld/] ?kGb]xLsf] ;fnemG8Laf6 cfˆgf] 3/ uO/x]sf] a]nfdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] ckx/0f u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{n] ckx/0f u/L nuL zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf lbPsf], oftgfsf] sf/0f lghsf] v'§f;d]t efFlrPsf] kfOPsf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] o:tf] sfo{n] h]g]ef dxf;lGw !($( sf] ;femf wf/f # ljk/Ltsf] sfo{ ePsf] b]lvFbf kLl8tnfO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u P]g @)^* sf] bkmf !^ adf]lhd ?= Psnfv Ifltk"lt{ pknAw u/fpg tyf bf]ifL klxrfg u/L sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .

293. ckx/0f, c3f{vfFrL lhNnf eujtL uflj; j8f g+= # c3f{tf]; lgjf;L t]hs'df/ >]i7nfO{ ;z:q dfcf]jfbLx¿åf/f ckx/0f u/]sf] egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh t]hs'df/ >]i7nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ldlt @)^@.!!.@* ut] ckx/0f u/L ldlt @)^@.!@.( ut] ;s'zn l/xf u/]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

294. ckx/0f, bf]nvf lhNnf 3/ eO{ 88]Nw'/f lhNnfdf g]kfnL ;]gfdf sfo{/t /fhs'df/ >]i7 / /fdrGb| sfsL{n] 3/labfkZrft\\ sfo{/t :yfgdf uO/x]sf] cj:yfdf s}nfnL lhNnfsf] d;'l/ofaf6 tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{åf/f ckx/0f u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghx¿ xfn g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] sAhfaf6 ;s'zn l/xf ePsf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL


tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

295. ckx/0f, gjnk/f;L lhNnf /dk'/jf uflj; j8f g+= ^ 3/ eO{ xfn k|x/L rf}sL x'Db] dgfËdf sfo{/t k|x/L hjfg dgf]hs'df/ ltjf/L 3/labfkZrft\\ cfˆgf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g hfg] qmddf ndh'ª lhNnfsf] tfl3|g uflj; j8f g+= # 5fkfufpFdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{x¿n] ckx/0f u/L uf]/vf lhNnftkm{ nu]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh k|x/L hjfg g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] sAhfaf6 ;s'zn l/xf eO{ xfn ;s'zn cfkm\gf] k];f ul//x]sf] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

296. ckx/0f, slknj:t' lhNnf, slknj:t' gkf lgjf;L /fds'df/ ;xgLnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] cfˆgf] 3/df /x]sf] ;dodf ckx/0f u/]sfn] ;s'zn l/xfOsf nflu kxn u/L kfpFm egL btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh g]kfnL ;]gfdf sfo{/t /x]sf] / labfdf 3/ hfFbf ldlt @)^!.^.# ut] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ckx/0f u/]sf]df ldlt @)^!.^.% ut] ckx/0fd'Qm eO{ xfn ;fdfGo hLjg latfO/x]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

297. ckx/0f, ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\ lhNnf ;ldlt gjnk/f;Ldf /x]sf] lhNnf hg–cbfntn] rf]/L, 8s}tL tyf u'G8fubL{sf] cleof]udf gjnk/f;L lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/ tyf cfrf/;+lxtf pNn‹gsf sfo{x¿ b}lgs ¿kdf u/L cgfjZos ¿kdf :yfgLo JolQmsf] ph'/L b;f{O{ >d–l;la/df /fvL dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s oftgf lbg] qmddf :yfgLo ph'/Lsf] cfwf/df egL /fdu|fd gkf j8f g+= !@ sl;ofsf ho/fd ofbj, dxfjL/ ofbj / e/t ofbjnfO{ ckx/0f u/L d'Qm u/]sf]df k'gM ckx/0f u/L 8]9 dlxgf >d–l;lj/df s}b ug]{ elgPsf]] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg lghx¿nfO{ k'gM ckx/0f u/L >d–lzlj/df /fVg] elgPtf klg ;f] sfo{ gePsf] / xfn pNn]lvt JolQmx¿ ;s'zn cfkm\gf] k];f–Joj;fo u/L a;]sf] eGg] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

298. ckx/0f -t/fO{ hgtflGqs d'lQm df]rf{_, slkj:t' lhNnf tf}lnxjf gkf j8f g++= $ lgjf;L lg/Ghg kf}8]nnfO{ t/fO{ hgtflGqs d'lQm df]rf{sf ;d"xn] ckx/0f


u/]sfn] ;s'zn l/xfOsf] nflu kxn u/L kfFp egL cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lpk/ cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghnfO{ t/fO{ hgtflGqs d'lQmdf]rf{n] ckx/0f u/]sf] / kl5 ;s'zn l/xf u/]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

299. ckx/0f -t/fO{ hgtflGqs d'lQm df]rf{ Hjfnf l;+x ;d"x_, ;Kt/Lsf] ;'gf}nLaf6 g]kfn oftfoft dhb'/ ;‹ xNsf ;jf/L rfns OsfO{ ;ldlt, O6x/Lsf ;b:o, df?tL Eofgrfns cd/ /fO{;lxt tLg hgfnfO{ t/fO{ hgtfGqLs d'lQm df]rf{ Hjfnf l;+x ;d"xsf sfo{stf{n] ckx/0f u/]sfn] l/xfOsf] dfu ub}{ g]kfn oftfoft dhb'/ ;‹, ;'g;/L / g]kfn oftfoft :jtGq dhb'/ ;‹7g, sf];Låf/f k|];–lj1lKt hf/L u/]sf] ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lghx¿ ckx/0fd'Qm eO{ cfˆgf] k];f–Joj;fo ;~rfng u/L a;]sf] b]lvFbf k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

300. ckx/0f -c1ft ;d"xaf6_, ?kGb]xL lhNnf dw'jgL uflj; j8f g++=* a:g] pdfzª\s/ lqkf7LnfO{ c1ft ;d"xn] ckx/0f u/]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] ;DaGwdf cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh pdfzª\s/ lqkf7L ckx/0fd'Qm eO{ xfn cfkm\g} 3/df /x]sf] / s'g} ;d:of g/x]sf] eGg] b]lvPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

301. ckx/0f, s~rgk'/ lhNnf, dx]Gb|gu/ 7]ufgf ePsf uf]kfn dx/f uf}/jnfO{ qmdzM gjnk/f;L lhNnfaf6 PsLs[t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{sf n8fs' ;]gfx¿ /x]sf] gjnk/f;L lhNnf xflQvf]/ Aof/]saf6 cfPsf ljj]s eGg] sDkgL ;x–sdfG8/ / pQm Aof/]ss} # g++= a6flnogsf ;lrj ;"o{ gfd u/]sf] JolQmn] ckx/0f u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] sAhfdf g/x]sf] / xfn :jtGqk"j{s hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

302. ckx/0f, c3f{vfFrL 3/ ePsf r"8fdl0f 9'ª\ufgf HjfnfnfO{ c3f{vfFrL lhNnfaf6 PsLs[t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{sf n8fs' ;]gfx¿ /x]sf] gjnk/f;L lhNnf xfQLvf]/ Aof/]saf6 cfPsf ljj]s eGg] sDkgL ;xsdfG8/ / pQm Aof/]ss} # g++=


a6flnogsf ;lrj ;"o{ gfd u/]sf] JolQmn] ckx/0f u/]sf] eGg] ph'/L ;DaGwdf cfof]uaf6 cg';Gwfg x'Fbf lgh sAhf d'Qm eO{ :jtGqk"j{s hLjgofkg ul//x]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .

303. ckx/0f, slknj:t' lhNnf rgxL uflj; j8f g+=% lgjf;L dfwj lh=;L=sf b'O{ jifL{o gfafns 5f]/f bLk]Gb| lh;LnfO{ 3/cufl8 v]ln/x]sf] ;dodf df]6/;fOsndf cfPsf b'O{ hgf dflg;x¿n] ckx/0f u/L nu]sfn] afnssf] vf]htnf; tyf ;s'zn l/xfOsf] nflu kxn ug{ tyf bf]ifLnfO{ sf/afxL ug{] ;DaGwdf cfof]udf btf{ ePsf] ph'/Lsf] cg';Gwfg x'Fbf ckxl/t afns ;s'zn d'Qm ePsf] / ckx/0fdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ cbfntdf d'2f rnL km};nf;d]t eO/s]sf] kfOPsfn] k|:t't ph'/Lpk/sf] sf/afxL 6'ª\UofO{ /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -ph'/L, sf/afxL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lgwf/{0f_ lgodfjnL, @)^( sf] lgod !) adf]lhd tfd]nLdf /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .


cg';"rL—cf7

;'/lIft j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ @)&% j}zfv @^ df u/]sf] l;kmfl/;

cnkq, pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf] p4f/ tyf :jb]z lkmtL{ ;DaGwdf

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf qmddf uGtJo d'n'sdf cnkq k/]sf ;a} k|sf/sf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf] ;'/lIft ¿kdf tTsfn p4f/ u/L :jb]z lkmtL{sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

uGtJo d'n'sdf pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf] uGtJo d'nsd} kof{Kt :jf:yf]krf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

uGtJo d'n'sdf :jf:yf]krf/ ;Dej gePsf] cj:yfdf ;'/lIft ¿kdf :jb]z lkmtL{sf] Joj:yf ldnfO{ g]kfndf k|efjsf/L :jf:yf]krf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

uGtJo d'n'sdf nfdf] ;do;Dd a]xf]; (Quoma) eO{ pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿nfO{ :jb]z jf ljb]zdf kof{Kt pkrf/sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

uGtJo d'n'sdf d[To' ePsf cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf] zj Nofpg] k|lqmofnfO{ b|'t k|lqmofaf6 sfof{Gjog ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg .

@= sfg'g ;+zf]wg ;DaGwdf

j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] qmddf x'g] dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/ tyf ;a} k|sf/sf zf]if0fh:tf kmf}hbf/L k|s[ltsf 36gfx¿nfO{ b08gLo s;'/ agfO{ To:tf 36gfx¿sf] 5fglag / cg';Gwfgsf] clwsf/ :yfgLo k|x/Lsf] x'g] u/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @)^$ df ;+zf]wg ug{ .

æ>d zf]if0fsf nflu x'g] dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/Æ nfO{ dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/ -lgoGq0f_ P]g, @)^$ sf] ;+zf]wg u/L dfgj a]rlavgsf] kl/efiffleq ;dfj]z ug{ .

Ph]G6x¿af6 nnfO{–kmsfO{ em'Sofgdf kf/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf k7fO{ ;d:of jf Hofbltdf k/]sf cfk|jf;L >ldsx¿nfO{ /fHosf tkm{af6 ;+/If0f / kof{Kt ;xof]u k|bfg ul/g] Joj:yf ;dfj]z u/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @)^$ ;+zf]wg ug{ .


j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, cWofudg P]g, /fxbfgL P]gnufotsf sfg'gx¿, lgodfjnL / lgb]{lzsfx¿df ljZjJofkL ¿kdf cfTd;ft\ ul/Psf cfk|jf;L >ldssf clwsf/x¿sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g x'g] Joj:yfx¿ ;dfj]z ug{ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ Jofj;foL jf To; Jofj;fodf ;+nUg JolQm jf Ph]G6sf] sf/0faf6 s'g} JolQmsf gfpFdf unt sfuhft tof/ u/L em'Sofg jf 7ludf kf/L uGtJo d'n's jf af6f]df kg]{ d'n'ssf] cWofudg lgsfoaf6 ;f] s'/f kQf nfuL :j]bz kmls{cfPsf] jf kmsf{OPsf] cj:yf ePdf To;/L kmls{cfPsf] kLl8t k'gM kLl8t x'g'kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ .

#= >lds egf{ ug]{ Ph]G;L / Ph]G6sf lqmofsnfk cg'udg / lgodg ug]{

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ sDkgL, j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug]{ ;+:yf, cled'vLs/0f tflnd k|bfg ug]{ sDkgL / Ph]G6x¿sf lqmofsnkfx¿sf] cg'udg / lgodg k|efjsf/L agfO ;]jfu|fxLx¿nfO{ cg'e"lt x'g] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ug{ / To;sf nflu ;DalGwt dfgj ;+zfwg / cfjZos ;|f]tsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf ldnfpg .

sltko j}b]lzs /f]huf/ Joj;foLaf6 cfk|jf;L >ldspk/ hfn;fhL ug]{, 7uL ug]{, zf]if0f ug]{, ha/h:tL>ddf nufpg] Pjd\ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf gfddf dfgj a]rlavg tyf cf];f/k;f/df nufpg] h:tf sfo{ x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] ;Gbe{df To:tf] sfo{ tTsfn /f]sL cfk|jf;L >ldsx¿sf] dfgj clwsf/sf] pRrQd ;Ddfg ul/g] cj:yfsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{ .

sfg'gn] b08gLo egL Joj:yf u/]sf s;'/ ug]{ JolQm jf ;++:yfnfO{ sfg'gadf]lhd ;hfo u/L b08xLgtfsf] cGTo x'g] cj:yfsf] ;'lglZrt ug{ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/;Fu hf]l8Psf kmf}hbf/L k|s[ltsf s;'/sf 36gfdf ;+nUg s'g} klg JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ s'g} klg rfxgf / jfxgfdf kLl8t;Fu ldnfkq jf dWo:ytf u/fpg afWo kfg]{ lsl;dsf] s'g} klg sfo{ gug{÷gu/fpg .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf qmddf jf To;sf] gfddf uGtJo d'n'sdf x'g] ha/h:tL>ddf nufpg] sfo{ ePsf] cj:yfdf To:f/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fpg] sDkgL jf JolQmnfO{ lhDd]jf/ agfO sfg'gL sf/afxL ug{ / ha/h:tL>ddf /x]sf] JolQmnfO{ lghsf] cljnDa ;'/lIft ¿kdf p4f/ u/L :jb]z lkmtL{sf] Jo:j:yf tTsfn ldnfpg .


$= dlxnf cfk|jf;Lpk/sf] lje]b cGTo / ljz]if ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg] ;Ifd / OR5's dlxnfx¿sf] nflu uGtJo d'n's k|j]z ug'{eGbf klxn] clgjfo{ ¿kdf ljz]if k|sf/sf] cled'vLs/0f -l;k ljsf;, JolQmut ;'/Iff, efiff, ;+:s[lt, jftfj/0f, :yfgLo sfg'gL Joj:yf / pkrf/k|fKt ug]{ lgsfosf] hfgsf/L nufotsf ljifox¿df bIf agfO_ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg ;Ifd / OR5'\s dlxnfx¿sf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|lqmofdf sfod /x]sf] k|ltaGw / Jojxf/x¿sf] cGTo ug{ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] dlxnf >ldsx¿sf] cfk|jf;g\ Pjd\ JolQmut :jtGqtf ;DaGwL clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ub}{ To:tf JolQmx¿nfO{ nnfO{kmsfO{ jf em'Sofgdf kf/L, n]va4 u/L jf gu/L j}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fOPsf] uGtJo d'n's jf af6f]df kg]{ d'n'sdf pgLx¿pk/ x'g ;Sg] lje]b, lx+;f, zf]if0f, ha{h:tL >d, a]rlavg, cf];f/k;f/ / dfgj t:s/Lh:tf hf]lvdo'Qm 36gfx¿af6 arfpg ljz]if Joj:yf ldnfpg .

%= bf]xf]/f] s/f/sf] cGTo u/L /fxbfgL;lxtsf dxTTjk"0f{ sfuhftx¿ cfkm}F;Fu /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg

cfk|jf;L >ldsx¿nfO{ b]zleq jf uGtJo d'n'sdf bf]xf]/f] ;Demf}tfkq jf s/f/ u/fpg] cEof;sf] cGTo u/L To:tf] sfo{ s'g} klg cj:yfdf gx'g];lxtsf] b08gLo Joj:yf ug{ .

s/f/kq, le;fnufot j}b]lzs /f]huf/L;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} k|sf/sf sfuhftx¿ p8fg tflnsf lglZrt ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf ;ft lbgcufj} >ldssf] xftdf kg]{ ;'lglZrt ug{ / tL ;a} sfuhft >lds cfkm}Fn] /fVg kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

^=tf]lsPeGbf a9L z'Ns lng /f]Sg] / /sd e'QmfgLsf] clgjfo{ /l;b lbnfpg]

'Employer Pays' Principle jf g]kfnn] sfof{Gjogsf] k|ltj4tf u/]sf] 9fsf l;4fGtcg';f/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] >ldsn] s'g} z'Ns ltg'{gkg]{ …z"Go nfutÚ l;4fGt Jojxf/df nfu" ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{ .

ælgMz'Ns le;f, lgMz'Ns l6s6Æ ;DaGwL gLltsf] Jofjxfl/s / k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ / ;f] gLltljk/Lt >lds egf{ ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]eGbf a9L /sd lng] Joj;foLnfO{ sfg'gL bfo/fdf NofO{ sf/afxL ug{ .


>ldsx¿sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] ;]jf ;j{;'ne agfO{ o;afkt pgLx¿dfly kl//x]sf] vr{sf] ef/ 36fpg cfjZos u[xsfo{ u/L plrt Joj:yf ug{ .

>ldsn] Joj;foLnfO{ ltg]{ z'Nsdf kf/blz{tf sfod ug]{ / /sd e'QmfgLafkt clgjfo{ /l;b lbg'kg]{ lgod k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfof{Gjog u/fpg .

cfk|jf;L >ldsn] Joj;foLnfO{ ltg]{ z'Ns a}lÍË k|0ffnL dfkm{t e'QmfgL ug]{ Joj:yf clgjfo{ ¿kdf nfu" ug{ .

&= /fHosf ;]jf tyf Gofodf kx'Fr ;xh agfpg]

sf7df8f}Fdf s]Gb|Ls[t ¿kdf /x]sf] j}b]lzs /f]hfuf/Lsf] Joj:yfkg tyf lgodg, /fxt tyf Ifltk"lt{ / Gofo lg¿k0fsf] clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfosf ;]jfx¿sf] ;‹Lo ;+/rgfcg'¿k :yfgLos/0f u/L >ldsx¿sf] kx'Fr ;xh agfpg] .

*= ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g;DaGwL hfgsf/L k|bfg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg]

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf qmddf kg{;Sg] ;d:of jf ;d:ofdf k/]df g]kfn ;/sf/ -ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL b"tfjf; jf >d ;xrf/L;d]t_ af6 k|fKt x'g] ;xof]u, ph'/L ;+oGq Pjd\ To;sf] k|lqmof, Ifltk"lt{, sNof0fsf/L sf]ifnufot >ldsnfO{ pknAw x'g] ;xof]u / ;xfotfsf af/]df hfgsf/L k|bfg ug{ ;~rflnt sfo{qmdnfO{ yk Jofjxfl/s / k|efjsf/L agfO{ x/]s cfk|jf;L >lds / ltgsf kl/jf/n] ;'/lIft cfk|jf;g;DaGwL hfgsf/L / ;"rgf kfpg] ;'lglZrt ug]{ .

a}]b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfgsfnflu cfjZos ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/Lx¿ :yfgLo txd} :yfgLo efiffdf k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f u/L kof{Kt ;"rgfx¿ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf k|jfx ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

(= k|:yfgk"j{sf] cled'vLs/0f k|lzIf0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg]

k|:yfgk"j{sf] cled'vLs/0f k|lzIf0fnfO{ kof{KtPjd\ Jofjxfl/s / k|efjsf/L agfpg] . To:tf] k|lzIf0fdf >ldssf clwsf/ / ;'/lIft cfk|jf;gsf Jofjxfl/s ljifoj:t' ;dfj]z ug]{ .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg rfxg] AolStnfO{ k|:yfgk"j{ g} lgh hfg rfx]sf] ljifodf kof{Kt l;k ljsf; tflnd k|bfg u/L of]Uo tyf bIf agfO{l;k k/LIf0f u/L k7fpg] k|efjsf/L Joj:yf sfof{Gjog ug]{ .


!)= l;kd"ns tflndsf nflu /fli6«o lgsfox¿nfO{ ;lqmo u/fpg]

j}b]lzs /f]hfuf/Ldf hfg] ljsNk /f]Hg]x¿nfO{ h'g sfdsf nflu hfg nfu]sf] xf], To; sfdsf ljifodf cfwf/e"t hfgsf/Lx¿;lxt kof{Kt l;k ljsf; tflnd lbP/ jf l;k hfFr u/]/ (Skill Test) u/]/ dfq k7fpg ;xh jftfj/0f ldnfpg] / To;sf nflu k|fljlws lzIff jf l;kd"ns tflnd k|bfg ug{ ul7t ;/sf/L lgsfox¿dfkm{t k|efjsf/L ¿kdf tflnd lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!!= j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yfkg / lgodg ug]{ sfof{nox¿sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{

j}b]lzs /f]huf/udg k|lqmofsf] Joj:yfkg tyf lgodg ug]{{ / Gofo ;Dkfbg ug]{ .

lgsfox¿nfO{ k|efjsf/L sfo{;Dkfbgdf Jojwfg gx'g] u/L kof{Kt ;|f]t;fwg pknAw u/fpg] / sfo{ut Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ .

tL lgsfodf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ >lds clwsf/, dfgj clwsf/ tyf >ldsd}qL Jojxf/sf af/]df clgjfo{ k|lzIf0f lbg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

;Da4 sfof{nodf sfo{/t kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/Lx¿af6 a]nfavtdf ePsf elgPsf e|i6frf/hGo -;'zf;glj?4sf_ 36gfx¿ bf]xf]l/g glbg k|efjsf/L pkfo cjnDag ug]{ .

!@= lg0ff{os txdf >ldssf] k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] Pjd\ dtbfg k|lqmofdf ;xefuL u/fpg]

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|j4{g af]8{nufot k|efljt / kLl8tx¿nfO{ ;xof]u jf Ifltk"lt{ k|bfg ug]{ ;/sf/L ;+oGqsf lg0ff{os txdf cfk|jf;L dlxnf >ldsx¿;lxtsf] cy{k"0f{ k|ltlglwTj clgjfo{ ¿kdf u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

cfk|jf;L g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf] dtbfgsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

!#= /f]huf/Lsf nflu ef/t hfg]x¿nfO{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]gn] ;d]6\g] Joj:yf ug]{

ef/tdf /f]huf/Lsf nflu hfg] g]kfnLx¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g, @)^$ df cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{ .

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu ef/t hfg]cfpg]x¿sf] Jojl:yt tj/n] clen]v /fVgsf nflu lgoldt ;Ldfgfsfx¿df /x]sf g]kfn ;/sf/sf lgsfox¿nfO{ ;lqmo u/fpg] /


:yfgLo lgsfox¿dfkm{t / pgLx¿sf] >d tyf dfgj clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf nflu ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{ .

g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldfsf x/]s gfsfaf6 /f]huf/sf] nflu ef/t hfg] g]kfnL gful/sx¿sf] clgjfo{ ¿kdf clen]v /fvL ;DalGwt :yfgLo txdf x/]s dlxgf To;sf] hfgsf/L clen]v u/L k7fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg .

!$ uGtJo d'n'sx¿;Fu låkIfLo >d ;Demf}tf ug]{ / ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL lgof]usf] e"ldsf k|efjsf/L agfpg]

g]kfnL cfk|jf;L >ldsx¿sf] lxt / clwsf/sf] pRrtd ;Ddfg x'g] k|fjwfgx¿ :ki6;Fu pNn]v u/L uGtJo d'n'sx¿;Fu låkIfLo >d ;Demf}tf ug]{ .

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Moving Forward:

Addressing Impunity and

Realizing Human Rights in

South Asia"

(Joint Press Release)

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%# "Identifying Challenges, Assessing Progress, Moving Forward: Addressing Impunity and Realizing Human Rights in South Asia"

Inauguration Session of the International Conference

9th April, 2018

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fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] · 2019-03-25 · /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg...

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