FLOODS. THE GLOBAL DISASTER LABORATORY MODEL: AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR

GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE

FRAMEWORK 1A COMPREHENSIVE, INTER-DISCIPLINARY DIALOGUE

ON GLOBAL DISASTERS

AND DISASTER RESILIENCE

1. SCOPEFROM VULNERABLE CONTINUUMS

TO A DISASTER

TO

DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES

THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF

“THE BEST POLICIES AND BEST PRACTICES” OF DISASTER RESILIENCE

A DISASTER is ---

--- the set of failures that occur when the continuums of: 1)  people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) recurring events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,) intersect at a point in space and time, when and where the people and community are not ready.   

THREE DYNAMIC CONTINUUMS

• PEOPLE (7+ Billion and counting)

• COMMUNITIES• RECURRING EVENTS

(AKA Natural Hazards, which are proof of a DYNAMIC EARTH)

PEOPLE = INNOVATION PEOPLE = INNOVATION

200 NATIONS AND 7+

BILLION PEOPLE

200 NATIONS AND 7+

BILLION PEOPLE

NORTH AMERICA

NORTH AMERICA

CARIBBEAN BASIN

CARIBBEAN BASIN

SUB-SAHARAAFRICA

SUB-SAHARAAFRICA

MEDITER-RANEAN

MEDITER-RANEAN

ISLAND NATIONS ISLAND NATIONS

ASIA ASIA

SOUTHAMERICASOUTH

AMERICA

EUROPEEUROPE

INTERSECTION OF THESE CONTINUUMS IS INEVITABLE

SOME INTERSECTIONS WILL CAUSE A DISASTER,

AND SOME WON’T

THE PEOPLE CONTINUUM

• 7 + BILLION (DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT

THE WORLD)

LIKE AN INFINITE SERIES: A CONTINUUM OF INNOVATION NEVER ENDS

LIKE A CHAIN: A CONTINUUM HAS WEAK LINKS TO IMPROVE

FOUR UNIVERSAL WEAK-LINKS

• IGNORANCE• APATHY• DISCIPLINARY

BOUNDARIES• LACK OF POLITICAL WILL

THE COMMUNITY CONTINUUM: (SOCIAL CONSTRUCTS TO BENEFIT THE PEOPLE)

• GOVERNMENT• DWELLINGS• SCHOOLS• HEALTH CARE

FACILITIES• BUSINESSES• INFRA-

STRUCTURE• ETC

EACH COMMUNITY MUST BE READY FOR THE INEVITABLE

INTERSECTION THAT WILL CHALLENGE ITS STATE-OF-RESILIENCE

THE RECURRING - EVENTS CONTINUUM

• FLOODS• SEVERE

WINDSTORMS• EARTHQUAKES• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

• ETC.

RECURRING EARTHQUAKES

RECURRING TROPICAL STORMS TYPHOONS, HURRICANES, AND CYCLONES

RECURRING FLOODS

RECURRING DROUGHT EPISODES

RECURRING VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

CURRENT KNOWLEDGE

IS DEFINED BY ANECTDOTAL, EMPIRICAL, LINEAR, NON-LINEAR,

STATISTICAL, FUZZY, PROBABILISTIC, . . . AND THEORETICAL MODELS

HAVING DIVIDES, GAPS, AND UNCERTAINTIES

FRAMEWORK 2A COMPREHENSIVE, INTER-DISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION

OF KNOWLEDGE FORTHE END GAME OF

DISASTER RESILIENCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Anticipatory Preparedness

Adoption and Implementation of a Modern Engineering Building Codes & Standards

Timely Early Warning and Evacuation

Timely Emergency Response (including Emergency Medical Services)

Cost-Effective Recovery/Reconstruction

YOUR COMMUNITY

YOUR COMMUNITYDATA BASES

AND INFORMATIONDATA BASES AND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

• FLOODS • SEVERE WIND

STORMS• EARTHQUAKES …

ETC

A DISASTER

CAUSES

FAILURES IN POLICIES

FAILURES IN PRACTICES

COUNTER MEASURES

• BEST POLICIES• BEST PRACTICES

DISASTER RESILIENCE

THE END GAME CHALLENGEBEST POLICIES AND BEST PRACTICES

INNIVATIVE ACTIONS: CREATE, ADJUST, AND REALIGN PROGRAMS, PARTNERS AND PEOPLE UNTIL YOU HAVE CREATED THE PARA-DIGM SHIFTS THAT ARE NEEDED FOR MOVING TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE

BEST POLICIES AND BEST PRACTICES

WILL IDENTIFY/CLOSE KNOWLEDGE DIVIDES AND GAPS,

AND IDENTIFY/FIX WEAK LINKS IN THE

PEOPLE/COMMUNITY CONTINUUMS

BEST POLICIES AND BEST PRACTICES WILL

CALL FOR INNOVATIVE USE OF TECHNOLOGY

AND STRATEGIC PLANNING

BEST POLICIES AND BEST PRACTICES WILL

CALL FOR INNOVATIVE USE OF TECHNOLOGY

AND STRATEGIC PLANNING

THE STATE-OF-RESILIENCE WILL INCREASE EXPONEBTIALLY AS ---

a) The CAPACITY of the PEOPLE is increased, b) Physical and organizational VULNERABILITIES in the COMMUNITY are eliminated, and c) Each people-community-hazard INTERSECTION is met successfully.

 

FLOODS

INNOVATIVE PREPAREDNESS

USE GLOBAL FLOOD DISASTER LABORATORIES AS A BASIS FOR

PREPARING FROM “A” (Emergency Response) TO “Z” (Recovery and Reconstruction)

INNOVATIVE PREPAREDNESS

USE GLOBAL FLOOD DISASTER LABORATORIES AS A BASIS FOR

PREPARING FROM “A” (Emergency Response) TO “Z” (Recovery and Reconstruction)

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIESEMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

• REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS

• MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES)

• RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING)

• REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS

• MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES)

• RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING)

• DATABASES • MAPS: 100-YEAR

AND 500-YEAR FLOODS

• FLOOD DISASTER SCENARIOS

• DRONE PLANES• HAZMAT

MANAGEMENT

• DATABASES • MAPS: 100-YEAR

AND 500-YEAR FLOODS

• FLOOD DISASTER SCENARIOS

• DRONE PLANES• HAZMAT

MANAGEMENT

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCETRATEGIES

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCETRATEGIES

RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS

RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES FOR FLOODS

• PURPOSE• PREVENTION

• PROTECTION

• URBAN PLANNING

• PURPOSE• PREVENTION

• PROTECTION

• URBAN PLANNING

• TECHNIQUE• DRAINAGE BASIN

MANAGEMENT• FLOOD CONTROL

(DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS)

• HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

• TECHNIQUE• DRAINAGE BASIN

MANAGEMENT• FLOOD CONTROL

(DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS)

• HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

DRAINAGE BASINMANAGEMENT

DRAINAGE BASINMANAGEMENT

• WETLANDS AND , UPSTREAM RESERVOIRS REDUCE THE VOLUME OF WATER REACHING DOWNSTREAM LOCATIONS

• WETLANDS AND , UPSTREAM RESERVOIRS REDUCE THE VOLUME OF WATER REACHING DOWNSTREAM LOCATIONS

PROTECTION

USE MODERN ENGINEERING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

TECHNOLOGIES TO PROTECT THE PEOPLE AND IMPORTANT

INFRASTRUCTURE AND TO FIX PHYSICAL VULNERABILITIES IN THE

COMMUNITY

PROTECTION

USE MODERN ENGINEERING DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

TECHNOLOGIES TO PROTECT THE PEOPLE AND IMPORTANT

INFRASTRUCTURE AND TO FIX PHYSICAL VULNERABILITIES IN THE

COMMUNITY

DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS

• BUILDING AND MAINTAINING DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS IN CONCERT WITH WETLANDS AND RESERVOIRS CAN CONTROL SERVERITY OF FLOODING .

• BUILDING AND MAINTAINING DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS IN CONCERT WITH WETLANDS AND RESERVOIRS CAN CONTROL SERVERITY OF FLOODING .

EXAMPLE: THE LEVEE SYSTEM IN QUINCY, IL: FLOOD CONTROL

EXAMPLE: THE LEVEE SYSTEM IN QUINCY, IL: FLOOD CONTROL

• THE 154-MILE-LONG LEVEE SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD AND SEVERITY OF FLOODS ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.

• THE 154-MILE-LONG LEVEE SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD AND SEVERITY OF FLOODS ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.

EXAMPLE: THREE GORGES DAM, CHINA: FLOOD CONTROL

EXAMPLE: THREE GORGES DAM, CHINA: FLOOD CONTROL

• THE GREATEST ENGINEERING FEAT IN CHINA SINCE THE GREAT WALL IS DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD AND SEVERITY OF FLOODS ON THE YANGTZE RIVER.

• THE GREATEST ENGINEERING FEAT IN CHINA SINCE THE GREAT WALL IS DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD AND SEVERITY OF FLOODS ON THE YANGTZE RIVER.

THREE GORGES DAM: 2309 M LONG, 190 M HIGH, 15 M THICK

YANGTZE RIVER

FLOODING: YANGTZE RIVER

• Historical records indicate that in 2,100 years, between the early Han Dynasty and late Qing Dynasty, the Yangzte flooded 214 times, an average of once every 10 years.

YANGTZE RIVER AND THREE GORGES DAM

THREE GORGES DAM

• The Three Gorges Dam is located in Central China's Hubei Province, 600 miles southwest of Beijing.

• It replaced Brazil's Itaipu Dam as the world's largest hydroelectric and flood-control installation.

• After 13 years of work and 35 million cubic yards of concrete, the dam reached its full height of 190 m (606 ft) and width of 2,309 m (7,575 ft) across the Yangtze River.

FLOOD CONTROL ON THE THAME RIVER RIVER: LONDON, ENGLAND

URBAN PLANNING URBAN PLANNING

• LAND USE REGULATIONS BASED ON FLOOD HAZARD MAPS CAN PREVENT UNWISE CON-STRUCTION IN RIVER FLOODPLAINS AND IN COASTAL AREAS.

• LAND USE REGULATIONS BASED ON FLOOD HAZARD MAPS CAN PREVENT UNWISE CON-STRUCTION IN RIVER FLOODPLAINS AND IN COASTAL AREAS.

STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

• PURPOSE• SITE MODIFICATION• ALERT/WARNING• MONITORING•

• PURPOSE• SITE MODIFICATION• ALERT/WARNING• MONITORING•

• TECHNIQUE• EMBANKMENTS;

SANDBAGS• EVACUATION• INTERNATIONAL

SPACE STATION; WEATHER RADAR

• TECHNIQUE• EMBANKMENTS;

SANDBAGS• EVACUATION• INTERNATIONAL

SPACE STATION; WEATHER RADAR

STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

• PURPOSE• RISK ZONES • PREPAREDNESS

• PURPOSE• RISK ZONES • PREPAREDNESS

• TECHNIQUE• STREAM GAGUES;

DRONE PLANES• 100-500 YEAR

FLOOD MAPS, DISASTER SCENARIOS

• TECHNIQUE• STREAM GAGUES;

DRONE PLANES• 100-500 YEAR

FLOOD MAPS, DISASTER SCENARIOS

FORECASTS, ALERTS, AND WARNINGS; EVACUATION

FORECASTS, ALERTS, AND WARNINGS; EVACUATION

• WORKS FOR RIVERINE FLOODS, BUT NOT FOR FLASH FLOODS.

• WORKS FOR RIVERINE FLOODS, BUT NOT FOR FLASH FLOODS.

SITE MODIFICATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN

SITE MODIFICATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN

• EMPLACING 2.5 MILLION SAND BAGS REDUCED LOSSES IN THE GREAT 1992 FLOOD

• EMPLACING 2.5 MILLION SAND BAGS REDUCED LOSSES IN THE GREAT 1992 FLOOD

SAND BAGS: SITE MODIFICATION IN THE FLOOD OF JUNE 12, 2008 IN IOWA

1 MILLION SANDBAGS: SITE MODIF-ICATION IN FARGO, ND, MARCH 2009

DRONE PLANES: MONITORING LEVEES IN FARGO, ND AREA, MARCH 2009

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES

• PURPOSE• CLEAR OUT THE

FLOODPLAIN• FACILITATE

RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION

• PURPOSE• CLEAR OUT THE

FLOODPLAIN• FACILITATE

RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION

• TECHNIQUE• FEDERAL BUYOUT

PROGRAM• FEDERAL FLOOD

INSURANCE PROGRAM

• TECHNIQUE• FEDERAL BUYOUT

PROGRAM• FEDERAL FLOOD

INSURANCE PROGRAM

FLOOD INSURANCE: SPEEDING RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION

FLOOD INSURANCE: SPEEDING RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION

• FLOOD INSURANCE IS OFFERED FOR PURCHASE BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES

• FLOOD INSURANCE IS OFFERED FOR PURCHASE BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES

BUYOUTS: CLEARING THE FLOODPLAIN

BUYOUTS: CLEARING THE FLOODPLAIN

• IN THE USA, BUYOUTS OF HOMES IN THE FLOODPLAIN (FOLLOWED BY DEMOLATION OR RELOCATION) REDUCED RISK FROM FLOODING

• IN THE USA, BUYOUTS OF HOMES IN THE FLOODPLAIN (FOLLOWED BY DEMOLATION OR RELOCATION) REDUCED RISK FROM FLOODING