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Abstract Mild nega*ve oscilla*ng pressure pulses (NPP) applied to a limb of a pa*ent improves blood flow to the limb and to the skin. Pa*ents suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) may benefit from a transient increase in blood flow to reduce pain and facilitate wound healing. A novel device (FlowOx™) has been developed, and tested on pa*ents with reduced peripheral circula*on. The NPP technology improved blood flow to the skin of the toes of pa*ents with PAOD grade 2 or 3 (Fontaine classifica*on) with about 60% (n=8, P< 0.05). Main points: A new device (FlowOx™) was developed which could be used to treat pa*ents with reduced peripheral circula*on. The system consists of a rigid boot, with internal padding to prevent pressure points on the leg and skin. NPP consists of a pressure of 40 mmHg for 10 seconds and 7 seconds of atmospheric pressure. These oscilla*ng nega*ve pressure pulses induced an increase in skin blood flow of the toes of about 60% (n=8, P<0,05,median, twosided paired Wilcoxon test). Conclusion: NPP applied by a FlowOx™ boot may be used to enhance skin blood flow of the toes in pa*ents with reduced peripheral circula*on. There is also a trend (not sta*s*cally significant) towards increased circula*on in other skin areas. Further studies need to be carried out to evaluate the effect of NPP in pa*ents with reduced peripheral circula*on. It will be important to look at long term effects to understand implica*on for wound healing. . Blood flow measurements from one pa*ent using 3 probes places at the calf (a), the foot (b) and on the toe (c), (d) is the measurement of the pressure inside the device. The nega*ve pressure pulses (40 mmHg)lasted for 10 seconds with 7 seconds normal (atmospheric) pressure. Higher levels of nega*ve pressure (60 & 80 mmHg was also tested but did not show a sta*s*cal significant increase in blood flow compared to baseline (data not shown). Financial support from: Grant; FP7SME2011: 286709 (EU) Grant, RFF 217598 / 97230 (Norwegian Research Fund) Project Partners: Cambridge Design Partnership, UK IBV, Valencia, Spain EMO, Valencia, Spain Solann AB, Sweden Duncan Stang, Lanarkshire Hospital, Scotland Lørenskog Nursing Home, Lørenskog, Norway Disclosures: Iacob Mathiesen is the CEO and shareholder in O*vio AS Contact: im@o*vio.com Acknowledgements/Disclosures Introduction Materials & Methods Results Conclusion FlowOx A Novel Device for Improving Blood Flow to Ischemic Feet? Inger Helene Nådland 1 (PhD), Iacob Mathiesen 2 (PhD), Jarlis Wesche 1 (MD, PhD) 1 Aksershus University Hospital, Sykehusveien 25, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway; 2 O*vio AS, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway The op*ons for treatment of PAOD include medical treatment and interven*on /revasculariza*on (endovascular angioplasty (PTA) or open reconstruc*on). Treatment also involve ambulatory exercise, modifica*on of riskfactors such as smoking cessa*on, change in diet, medica*on etc. Endovascular treatment consists of angioplasty of obstruc*ons, with or without concomitant stent implanta*on. There are many pa*ents, however, who are too fragile to undergo interven*on/surgery or to do physical exercise. These pa*ents could benefit from a device to be used at home to transiently improve blood flow and oxygena*on of the skin. Discussion Further work must be done to evaluate if a transient increase in blood flow can induce long las*ng benefits to the pa*ents. It may be that transient increase in blood flow and oxygena*on will improve wound healing, reduc*on in rest pain and poten*ally allow revasculariza*on to occur. Further studies are warranted. Changes in blood flow values in individual pa*ents ( measured on the toes). The median increase was 60% and sta*s*cally different from baseline measurements (n=8, p<0.05). Subgroup Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria 1. Pa*ents with PAOD Clinically verified PAOD grade 2 Demen*a Fontaine grade 2 (AnkleBrachial Pressure index <0,9) Fever (above 38 C°) (Intermioent claudica*on) Age 3090 years Severe COPD Able to give informed consent Severe heart disease* 2. Pa*ents with PAOD Clinically verified PAOD grade 3 Demen*a Fontaine grade 3 (AnkleBrachial Pressure index <0,4, Fever (above 38 C°) (Cri*cal limb ischemia Ultrasound, CT/MR angiography) Severe COPD with rest pain) Presence of rest pain Severe heart disease* Age 3090 years Able to give informed consent 3. Pa*ents with PAOD Clinically verified PAOD grade 4 Demen*a Fontaine grade 4 (AnkleBrachial Pressure index <0,4, Fever (above 38 C°) (Cri*cal limb ischemia Ultrasound, CT/MR angiography) Severe COPD with rest pain and/or ulcer/ Presence of rest pain, ulcer/gangrene Severe heart disease* gangrene Age 3090 years Able to give informed consent Blood flow was measured using PeriFlux System 5000 laser Doppler probes. The system allows a non invasive, con*nuous, real *me measurement of the microcircula*on (small arteries, capillaries and small veins). A clinical trial was performed on 8 pa*ents selected according to the criteria in the table (right). 1 a b c d A new FlowOx™ boot and nega*ve pressure pulse generator has been developed. The system is able to apply nega*ve pressure pulses to the limbs of pa*ents without the crea*on of pressure points. The experimental cycle consisted of 5 minutes of measurements without pulsing, followed by 5 minutes with pulsing before the final 5 minutes without pulsing.

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Page 1: FlowOx!(!ANovel!Device!for!Improving!Blood!Flow!to ... · PDF file1Aksershus%University%Hospital,%Sykehusveien25,1478 Lørenskog,%Norway;%2OvioAS,% Gaustadalleen%21,%0349%Oslo,%Norway%%

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Mild  nega*ve  oscilla*ng  pressure  pulses  (NPP)  applied  to  a  limb  of  a  pa*ent  improves  blood  flow  to  the  limb  and  to  the  skin.  Pa*ents  suffering  from  peripheral  arterial  occlusive  disease  (PAOD)  may  benefit  from  a  transient  increase  in  blood  flow  to  reduce  pain  and  facilitate  wound  healing.    A  novel  device  (FlowOx™)  has  been  developed,  and  tested  on  pa*ents  with  reduced  peripheral  circula*on.    The  NPP  technology  improved  blood  flow  to  the  skin  of  the  toes  of  pa*ents  with  PAOD  grade  2  or  3  (Fontaine  classifica*on)  with  about  60%  (n=8,  P<  0.05).            

Main  points:    • A  new  device  (FlowOx™)  was  developed  which  could  be  used  to  treat  pa*ents  with  reduced  peripheral  circula*on.    • The  system  consists  of  a  rigid  boot,  with  internal  padding  to  prevent  pressure  points  on  the  leg  and  skin.    • NPP  consists  of  a  pressure  of  -­‐40  mmHg  for  10  seconds  and  7  seconds  of  atmospheric  pressure.    • These  oscilla*ng  nega*ve  pressure  pulses  induced  an  increase  in  skin  blood  flow  of  the  toes  of  about  60%  (n=8,  P<0,05,median,  two-­‐sided  paired  Wilcoxon  test).    

   Conclusion:  NPP  applied  by  a  FlowOx™  boot  may  be  used  to  enhance  skin  blood  flow  of  the  toes  in  pa*ents  with  reduced  peripheral  circula*on.  There  is  also  a  trend  (not  sta*s*cally  significant)  towards  increased  circula*on  in  other  skin  areas.  Further  studies  need  to  be  carried  out  to  evaluate  the  effect  of  NPP  in  pa*ents  with  reduced  peripheral  circula*on.  It  will  be  important  to  look  at  long  term  effects  to  understand  implica*on  for  wound  healing.      .    

Blood  flow  measurements  from  one  pa*ent  using  3  probes  places  at  the  calf  (a),  the  foot  (b)  and  on  the  toe  (c),  (d)  is  the  measurement  of  the  pressure  inside  the  device.    The  nega*ve  pressure  pulses    (-­‐40  mmHg)lasted  for  10  seconds  with  7  seconds  normal  (atmospheric)  pressure.    Higher  levels  of  nega*ve  pressure  (-­‐60  &  -­‐80  mmHg  was  also  tested  but  did  not  show  a  sta*s*cal  significant    increase  in    blood  flow  compared  to  baseline  (data  not  shown).    

Financial  support  from:  Grant;  FP7-­‐SME-­‐2011:  286709  (EU)  Grant,  RFF  -­‐  217598  /  97230  (Norwegian  Research  Fund)  Project  Partners:  Cambridge  Design  Partnership,  UK  IBV,  Valencia,  Spain  EMO,  Valencia,  Spain  Solann  AB,  Sweden  Duncan  Stang,  Lanarkshire  Hospital,  Scotland  Lørenskog  Nursing  Home,  Lørenskog,  Norway  Disclosures:  Iacob  Mathiesen  is  the  CEO  and  shareholder  in  O*vio  AS  Contact:  im@o*vio.com  

Acknowledgements/Disclosures  

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ion FlowOx  -­‐  A  Novel  Device  for  Improving  Blood  Flow  to  Ischemic  Feet?  

Inger  Helene  Nådland1  (PhD),  Iacob  Mathiesen2  (PhD),  Jarlis  Wesche1  (MD,  PhD)  1Aksershus  University  Hospital,  Sykehusveien  25,  1478  Lørenskog,  Norway;  2O*vio  AS,  Gaustadalleen  21,  0349  Oslo,  Norway    

The  op*ons  for  treatment  of  PAOD  include  medical  treatment  and  interven*on  /revasculariza*on  (endovascular  angioplasty  (PTA)  or  open  reconstruc*on).  Treatment  also  involve  ambulatory  exercise,  modifica*on  of  risk-­‐factors  such  as  smoking  cessa*on,  change  in  diet,  medica*on  etc.  Endovascular  treatment  consists  of  angioplasty  of  obstruc*ons,  with  or  without  concomitant  stent-­‐implanta*on.    There  are  many  pa*ents,  however,    who  are  too  fragile  to  undergo  interven*on/surgery  or  to  do  physical  exercise.  These  pa*ents  could  benefit  from  a  device  to  be  used  at  home  to  transiently  improve  blood  flow  and  oxygena*on  of  the  skin.    

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Further  work  must  be  done  to  evaluate  if  a  transient  increase  in  blood  flow  can  induce  long  las*ng  benefits  to  the  pa*ents.    It  may  be  that  transient  increase  in  blood  flow  and  oxygena*on  will  improve  wound  healing,  reduc*on  in  rest  pain  and  poten*ally  allow  revasculariza*on  to  occur.    Further  studies  are  warranted.    

Changes  in  blood  flow  values    in  individual  pa*ents  (  measured  on  the  toes).  The  median  increase  was  60%  and  sta*s*cally  different  from  baseline  measurements  (n=8,  p<0.05).    

       Subgroup                                                                          Inclusion  criteria                                                                        Exclusion  criteria                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1.    Pa*ents  with  PAOD                                          Clinically  verified  PAOD  grade  2                              Demen*a            Fontaine  grade  2                                                    (Ankle-­‐Brachial  Pressure  index  <0,9)            Fever  (above  38  C°)            (Intermioent  claudica*on)                  Age  30-­‐90  years                                                                                    Severe  COPD                                                                                                                                                            Able  to  give  informed  consent                                Severe  heart  disease*                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2.      Pa*ents  with  PAOD                                        Clinically  verified  PAOD  grade  3                              Demen*a                Fontaine  grade  3                                                (Ankle-­‐Brachial  Pressure  index  <0,4,              Fever  (above  38  C°)                                        (Cri*cal  limb  ischemia                                Ultrasound,    CT/MR  angiography)                      Severe  COPD                with  rest  pain)                                                        Presence  of  rest  pain                                                                    Severe  heart  disease*                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Age  30-­‐90  years                                                                                                                                                                                                              Able  to  give  informed  consent                    3.      Pa*ents  with  PAOD                                        Clinically  verified  PAOD  grade  4                            Demen*a                  Fontaine  grade  4                                              (Ankle-­‐Brachial  Pressure  index  <0,4,            Fever  (above  38  C°)                  (Cri*cal  limb  ischemia                              Ultrasound,    CT/MR  angiography)                    Severe  COPD                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              with  rest  pain  and/or  ulcer/                  Presence  of  rest  pain,  ulcer/gangrene    Severe  heart  disease*                    gangrene                                                                          Age  30-­‐90  years                                                                                                                                              Able  to  give  informed  consent                                                                                

Blood  flow  was  measured  using  PeriFlux  System  5000  laser  Doppler  probes.      The  system  allows  a  non-­‐invasive,  con*nuous,  real  *me  measurement  of  the  microcircula*on  (small  arteries,  capillaries  and  small  veins).      A  clinical  trial  was  performed  on  8  pa*ents  selected  according  to  the  criteria  in  the  table  (right).  1  

a  

b  

c  

d  

A  new  FlowOx™  boot  and  nega*ve  pressure  pulse  generator  has  been  developed.  The  system  is  able  to  apply  nega*ve  pressure  pulses  to  the  limbs  of  pa*ents  without  the  crea*on  of  pressure  points.    The  experimental  cycle  consisted  of  5  minutes  of  measurements  without  pulsing,  followed  by  5  minutes  with  pulsing  before  the  final  5  minutes  without  pulsing.