fm - baterias · fm general purpose applications series 1 2 vision rechargeable products sealed...
TRANSCRIPT
FM O
ne o
f th
e l
arg
est
Seale
d L
ead A
cid
Batt
ery
man
ufa
ctu
rers
in t
he w
orl
d
General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
Shenzhen Center Power Tech Co Ltd
VISION
Rechargeable Products
Lead-Acid Battery
Center Power Industrial Park Tongfu Industrial DistrictDapeng TownPC 518120 Shenzhen China
Tel +86-755-8431 8088 Fax +86-755-8431 8700
E-mail salesvision-battcom
Website httpwwwvision-battcom
(Edition Apr 2008)
BSConforms to BS 6290-4
Products Guide
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
1 2
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
General purpose
application batteries
Principle of
VRLA batteries
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION FM
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION FM
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the negative
and recombines with lead to form water
VISION FM series are designed for general-purpose applications such as UPS telecom and electrical utilities
With 10 years design life the batteries comply to the most popular international standards such as IEC60896-2122 BS6290-4
Eurobat Guide The battery container and cover are available both in V0 class flame retardant ABS or HBO ABS plastics
With more than 15 years of production experience VISION FM series of VRLA batteries are recognized as the most reliable and high quality
battery system in the industry
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
electrolysis occurs at the final stagethen(so) hydrogen
generates from the negative plates and oxygen from the
positive plates This causes water loss and periodic watering
is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases does not
occur simultaneously because the recharge of the positive
plates is not as efficient as the negative ones This means
that oxygen is evolved from the positive plate before
hydrogen is evolved from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the positive
plate a substantial amount of highly active spongy lead
exists on the negative plate before it commences hydrogen
evolution Therefore providing oxygen can be transported to
the negative plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is electrochemically
reduced on the negative plate according to the following
formula
+- 2e + 2H + 12O2rarrH2O
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate drives this
reaction instead of hydrogen evolution which occurs in a
conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this process were
100 efficient no water would be lost from the battery By
careful design and selection of battery components gas
recombination efficiency is from 95 to 99
During conventional lead Acid battery charging water Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of hydrogen emitted
from the battery and converting this into its ampere-hour
equivalent This equivalent value is then subtracted from
the total ampere-hours taken by the battery during the test
period and the remainder is the batterys recombination
efficiency and is usually expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The volume
of gas emitted is very small and typical average values on
oconstant potential float at 25 are as followsC
VISION FM hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(Vcell) (mlcellC10Ahmonth)
223~228 38
240~245 25
Position of terminals
CBA D
Terminal
6FM90T-X 16
6FM17-X 12 17 182 181 713 77 303 167 657 167 657 M5 B 57 126
6FM24-X 12 24 25 2 166 654 175 689 125 492 125 492 M5 B 86 190
6FM33-X 12 33 356 195 768 130 512 155 610 168 661 M6 A 102 225
6FM40-X 12 40 430 197 776 165 650 170 669 170 669 M6 B 135 298
6FM45-X 12 45 474 197 776 165 650 170 669 170 669 M6 B 138 304
6FM55SG-X 12 55 572 229 902 138 543 208 819 213 839 M6 A 195 430
6FM60-X 12 60 658 258 102 166 654 206 811 215 846 M6 A 240 529
6FM65-X 12 65 700 350 138 167 657 179 705 179 705 M6 A 234 516
6FM75-X 12 75 810 258 102 166 654 206 811 215 846 M6 A 240 529
6FM80-X 12 80 852 350 138 167 657 179 705 179 705 M6 A 242 533
6FM90T-X 12 90 976 306 120 169 665 210 827 215 846 M6 A 300 662
6FM100-X 12 100 107 330 130 171 673 215 846 222 874 M6 A 320 706
6FM120-X 12 120 126 410 161 176 693 227 894 227 894 M8 A 380 838
6FM134-X 12 134 144 341 134 173 681 283 111 287 113 M8 A 425 937
6FM150-X 12 150 162 485 191 172 677 240 945 240 945 M8 A 470 104
6FM175 12 175 185 533 210 207 815 215 847 240 945 M10 C 564 124
6FM200-X 12 200 216 522 206 238 937 218 858 223 878 M8 C 650 143
6FM230-X 12 230 243 520 205 269 106 203 800 208 819 M8 C 726 1601
3FM225-X 6 225 234 320 126 176 693 225 886 247 972 M8 D 305 673
More battery types are available on website httpwwwvision-battcom
TYPE NominalVoltage(V)
Terminal Wt(lbs)o 18Vpc10hr25 C
L(mm) L(inch) W(mm) H(mm) W(inch) H(inch) TH(mm) TH(inch) Wt(Kg)LayoutCapacity(Ah)
o 175Vpc20hr25 C
General SpecificationsCapacity(Ah)
Terminal
Separator
Positive Plate
Negative Plate
Container
3 4
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Construction
These reactions can take place only by using
- Plates composed of special alloy with several
components which provide the plate grids with high
mechanical strength and a high level of hydrogen
over voltage
- An appropriate ratio between positive and negative
active materials
- Fiberglass separators manufactured from borosilicate
giving them excellent resistance to high temperatures
and to sulphuric acid The high level of porosity of these
separators is used to retain the quantity of electrolyte
necessary for cell operation but without any free
electrolyte
- A pressure relief valve which allows gas to be released
if necessary in the case of an accidental overcharge
Charge
characteristics
The cells in the VISION FM product range must be
charged at a constant voltage at an ambient
otemperature of 25 the batteries should be charged
at 223-228 volts per cell It is not necessary to limit
the current as this will be governed by the maximum
output available from the charger until the voltage limit
is reached The charging voltage of 223-228 volts
should also be used for float charging To achieve
nominal performance characteristics it is recommended
to adjust this value to suit the ambient temperature
as indicated in the following table
Under these conditions a full recharge will be completed
in approximately 48 hours
C
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 240 Volts per cell can reduce
recharge time and it is possible depending on the depth of
discharge to halve the recharge time Under these conditions
however the charge must be monitored and must be terminated
when the charge current remains reasonably steady for 3 hours
after the voltage limit has been reached At the beginning of
charge the current must be limited to 03C10 (A)
Ripple current
The ripple content of the charging current affects the life of the
battery It is recommended to limit the continuous ripple current to
005 C10 (in amperes) as recommended value (never exceed
010C10) Transient and other ripple type voltage excursions can
be accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
the system peak to peak voltage including regulation limits falls
within 25 of the recommended float voltage of the battery
Temperature Float charge voltage
231 - 236 V
228 - 233 V
225 - 230 V
223 - 228 V
222 - 227 V
220 - 225 V
o 0 C
o10 C
o20 C
o25 C
o30 C
o35 C
6FM
G
enera
l Purp
ose A
pplicati
ons
Se
rie
sTable
s of
perf
orm
ances
VIS
ION
FM
5
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
65 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
649
442
340
268
225
196
174
157
144
134
125
118
82
064
053
24
60
36
831
326
723
421
019
017
514
907
8
6F
M24-X
795
563
433
349
301
263
233
209
192
176
165
151
111
90
374
96
54
52
443
438
033
830
327
525
221
311
9
6F
M33-X
106
773
594
479
409
363
323
292
269
249
233
219
154
122
103
89
772
762
552
845
940
836
733
528
515
3
6F
M40-X
124
884
689
548
463
407
364
331
306
286
270
256
180
142
119
104
84
372
462
355
149
845
642
235
518
6
6F
M45-X
136
950
743
599
513
455
408
372
344
317
295
276
196
156
132
116
91
476
666
358
953
449
045
438
620
2
6F
M55S
G-X
165
124
954
764
650
574
508
458
419
388
363
342
242
192
162
142
113
95
782
573
166
160
656
247
524
3
6F
M60-X
188
143
110
875
740
650
581
529
489
451
420
394
279
221
186
163
131
111
95
584
476
169
764
554
830
6
6F
M65-X
203
151
116
922
777
680
615
566
528
485
449
419
295
233
196
171
137
117
101
89
681
074
369
058
131
2
6F
M75-X
222
169
131
104
888
783
689
619
564
528
499
475
345
279
240
214
168
141
120
104
92
683
776
565
135
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
208
162
129
108
950
849
774
715
655
607
566
413
337
291
260
204
170
144
126
112
101
92
578
742
4
6F
M100-X
221
178
141
119
104
932
850
787
722
669
625
451
364
312
277
218
183
157
139
125
115
106
90
146
8
6F
M120-X
245
195
156
132
116
103
936
861
801
752
711
513
414
355
315
249
210
181
160
145
133
123
105
54
7
6F
M134-X
292
237
191
163
145
128
115
105
967
899
843
609
491
421
374
297
250
212
185
164
148
136
116
62
3
6F
M150-X
327
267
214
183
162
144
131
120
112
105
990
716
579
497
442
342
282
239
209
186
168
154
131
70
5
6F
M175
309
248
211
187
165
149
137
127
118
112
807
653
561
499
392
327
278
242
216
195
179
153
79
6
6F
M200-X
350
281
240
212
187
168
153
141
132
124
898
727
624
556
441
372
316
275
245
222
203
173
92
9
6F
M230-X
394
317
271
241
215
196
182
170
160
152
110
891
766
682
538
451
379
327
288
257
238
200
104
3F
M225-X
367
297
255
227
207
191
179
166
156
147
104
826
697
611
488
415
355
312
279
254
234
197
101
210
160
123
990
844
747
667
607
560
522
491
464
334
268
230
203
159
132
113
99
088
179
973
461
733
3
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
to 1
60 v
olt
s p
er
ce
llC
Am
pe
res
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
670
453
356
278
231
200
177
160
147
136
127
120
84
166
155
448
238
031
827
324
121
719
818
315
608
2
6F
M24-X
850
600
460
370
320
279
245
220
202
185
173
158
115
94
077
567
654
044
539
034
531
028
025
621
612
0
6F
M33-X
115
802
615
493
419
370
327
294
269
251
236
223
157
124
104
90
873
463
053
246
241
036
933
628
615
4
6F
M40-X
131
930
733
576
483
420
374
340
313
291
274
259
183
145
122
107
86
073
663
356
050
546
242
836
118
7
6F
M45-X
149
100
778
618
521
457
411
377
350
322
299
280
199
159
134
118
93
078
067
359
653
949
445
838
920
4
6F
M55S
G-X
175
129
994
793
672
592
523
471
431
399
373
351
249
197
167
146
116
98
284
374
466
961
156
547
824
5
6F
M60-X
202
129
115
910
766
670
598
545
503
466
436
410
289
228
191
167
134
114
98
086
678
071
366
056
131
0
6F
M65-X
215
160
125
978
814
705
630
574
530
495
466
442
309
243
203
177
142
121
104
91
982
875
870
159
032
0
6F
M75-X
240
178
137
109
929
818
732
667
617
571
534
502
360
289
246
218
171
143
121
105
93
384
176
765
435
2
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
218
173
137
115
100
892
810
747
696
655
620
445
358
305
270
209
172
146
127
113
102
93
079
142
6
6F
M100-X
229
185
146
123
108
963
874
805
748
701
662
471
375
318
279
224
190
163
143
129
117
108
90
647
0
6F
M120-X
250
196
158
135
120
106
958
877
813
760
716
518
419
360
320
251
210
182
162
146
134
125
105
55
4
6F
M134-X
314
248
197
167
147
130
117
107
988
921
865
624
503
430
382
303
256
216
187
166
149
136
117
62
4
6F
M150-X
360
288
228
193
169
149
135
123
115
108
102
733
589
503
445
347
288
244
212
188
170
155
132
71
0
6F
M175
324
259
220
195
172
154
141
131
122
115
830
670
574
511
401
335
283
246
218
197
180
154
80
0
6F
M200-X
360
290
248
220
194
174
159
147
136
128
928
752
646
576
455
382
323
280
249
224
204
175
93
4
6F
M230-X
405
324
275
242
217
200
186
174
163
155
111
899
771
685
540
454
380
328
289
260
239
203
105
3F
M225-X
390
314
269
238
215
198
184
172
161
153
108
848
711
620
495
420
359
315
283
257
237
202
103
222
169
134
106
896
786
705
644
596
551
514
483
344
275
232
204
161
135
115
99
989
280
673
862
133
5
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
87
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
70 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
630
431
335
263
219
190
169
153
140
130
123
116
80
262
251
544
335
830
726
122
820
318
317
314
707
7
6F
M24-X
740
525
405
328
283
247
220
198
181
167
157
144
107
86
572
363
150
842
437
033
029
526
924
821
011
7
6F
M33-X
990
730
545
439
375
332
298
272
252
236
223
212
148
116
97
384
570
161
552
145
340
336
333
228
415
2
6F
M40-X
119
837
667
528
445
390
353
326
305
284
266
252
177
140
117
102
82
771
161
454
549
345
342
135
218
4
6F
M45-X
134
900
730
584
497
439
387
349
319
300
285
272
193
153
129
113
89
475
265
358
252
948
745
338
520
2
6F
M55S
G-X
155
115
906
731
626
556
492
444
407
377
353
333
236
188
158
139
111
94
081
372
265
460
055
847
224
1
6F
M60-X
180
133
105
840
714
630
564
515
476
442
415
392
277
220
185
163
129
109
93
382
073
667
061
853
629
3
6F
M65-X
191
143
114
902
758
663
594
542
501
467
438
415
292
231
194
169
135
115
99
287
979
572
967
657
530
6
6F
M75-X
206
158
122
994
860
770
676
605
550
518
491
469
339
275
236
210
166
139
118
103
91
883
076
064
634
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
186
153
121
103
900
805
734
679
631
592
560
405
328
281
250
198
167
142
124
111
100
91
878
142
0
6F
M100-X
200
164
130
110
960
861
788
730
684
646
615
444
358
306
272
215
180
155
137
124
113
105
89
345
9
6F
M120-X
223
187
150
127
112
999
909
838
782
735
697
504
407
349
310
245
207
178
158
142
131
122
104
53
9
6F
M134-X
280
231
187
160
142
125
112
102
940
875
821
595
481
413
368
290
243
207
181
162
147
135
115
61
8
6F
M150-X
313
259
210
180
160
142
129
118
109
102
963
701
569
491
438
337
276
235
205
183
166
152
129
69
6
6F
M175
298
241
206
183
162
146
134
123
115
108
788
641
553
494
386
321
273
239
213
193
177
152
78
9
6F
M200-X
337
271
232
206
182
163
149
137
128
120
875
713
615
550
435
366
311
272
243
220
202
172
92
5
6F
M230-X
383
311
268
240
214
195
180
168
158
150
109
883
760
678
535
449
377
325
286
256
236
199
103
3F
M225-X
358
294
255
230
207
190
176
161
149
139
998
804
687
610
484
408
349
307
275
251
231
194
99
0
196
151
119
954
815
723
648
592
549
509
475
448
325
263
226
202
158
132
113
98
187
879
572
961
432
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
75
vo
lts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
601
419
320
254
214
187
166
150
138
126
116
108
75
959
750
143
635
230
125
622
319
918
017
214
607
7
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
878
690
520
424
366
328
292
266
245
228
214
203
143
113
94
682
565
855
847
942
238
034
633
128
215
2
6F
M40-X
110
791
649
515
434
380
343
315
293
275
261
249
174
137
114
99
581
170
060
253
348
144
040
734
818
2
6F
M45-X
118
850
690
545
457
399
362
334
312
295
281
269
190
151
127
111
87
873
863
455
950
446
045
138
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
145
106
858
698
602
538
477
432
396
368
344
325
231
183
155
136
109
92
380
071
264
659
555
446
924
0
6F
M60-X
167
123
994
802
686
609
546
499
462
433
409
389
274
217
183
160
127
107
91
881
072
966
661
552
328
1
6F
M65-X
178
132
108
871
746
662
592
539
498
462
433
409
288
228
192
167
133
113
97
486
277
871
366
156
229
7
6F
M75-X
195
151
117
961
834
736
659
590
537
503
476
453
330
268
231
206
162
135
115
101
90
482
175
564
234
6
6F
M80-X
184
143
113
918
786
698
620
562
516
479
449
424
310
253
219
196
155
130
111
97
286
778
672
561
032
7
6F
M90T-X
175
142
114
982
873
780
710
655
611
576
546
394
318
272
242
192
162
138
121
109
98
991
077
441
7
6F
M100-X
187
153
123
105
930
837
767
713
670
634
605
437
353
302
269
210
175
151
134
121
111
103
87
645
0
6F
M120-X
210
179
144
122
108
964
878
810
756
712
675
490
398
342
305
240
200
173
154
140
129
121
103
53
1
6F
M134-X
257
214
177
154
139
122
110
998
920
855
802
582
471
405
361
283
236
202
178
160
146
135
114
61
7
6F
M150-X
288
240
198
173
156
138
125
114
106
990
934
684
559
484
434
332
270
230
202
181
164
151
128
69
1
6F
M175
280
229
198
178
157
142
130
120
112
105
768
626
541
484
378
315
269
236
211
191
176
151
78
5
6F
M200-X
319
260
224
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
852
693
598
534
425
360
307
269
241
219
201
171
92
0
6F
M230-X
372
304
263
236
211
193
178
166
157
149
108
873
750
668
530
446
375
323
285
255
231
198
103
3F
M225-X
345
282
244
219
196
178
165
155
148
141
101
803
682
601
475
400
343
302
271
247
228
191
98
0
685
488
378
306
264
231
208
186
171
157
148
137
102
82
869
660
949
141
336
032
328
826
424
420
711
6
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
109
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
C
to 1
80 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
574
408
310
245
206
180
161
146
135
123
113
105
73
958
449
042
834
429
324
921
819
517
717
014
507
6
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
795
600
495
407
354
319
284
258
238
222
209
198
140
111
93
581
865
155
047
041
337
033
733
028
115
1
6F
M40-X
101
719
587
475
408
363
331
308
289
269
252
238
168
132
111
97
279
068
058
752
047
043
140
034
017
9
6F
M45-X
114
800
660
525
444
390
354
326
305
289
276
265
187
148
125
109
86
673
062
755
449
945
645
038
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
134
998
795
657
574
519
461
418
384
357
335
317
225
179
151
133
107
90
678
770
363
959
055
046
523
8
6F
M60-X
155
112
920
754
654
587
528
484
449
416
388
366
259
205
173
15
2123
105
90
079
371
365
060
051
026
8
6F
M65-X
165
120
100
809
694
618
556
509
473
437
407
383
273
218
185
16
3130
111
95
784
776
570
165
055
328
6
6F
M75-X
180
139
112
926
809
731
646
583
533
493
461
434
316
257
222
198
157
133
114
99
989
581
475
063
834
3
6F
M80-X
171
134
106
869
752
675
601
546
503
469
440
417
302
244
209
18
6149
127
109
95
485
778
172
60
632
5
6F
M90T-X
163
132
108
938
842
751
683
630
588
553
524
378
304
260
23
1185
157
135
119
107
97
490
076
541
2
6F
M100-X
175
143
117
101
910
820
753
700
650
608
574
414
333
285
253
202
172
148
131
118
108
100
85
044
2
6F
M120-X
197
167
137
118
106
944
857
789
735
691
654
468
374
318
28
1226
193
168
150
136
126
120
102
52
4
6F
M134-X
235
197
166
147
134
118
106
967
892
831
780
566
459
395
352
276
230
198
175
158
145
134
113
61
4
6F
M150-X
264
222
186
164
150
133
120
110
102
958
905
660
537
463
41
4321
265
227
199
179
163
150
127
68
7
6F
M175
246
207
184
169
150
136
125
116
108
102
742
602
518
46
2367
310
265
233
209
190
175
150
78
0
6F
M200-X
269
228
203
187
167
152
140
130
121
114
825
668
573
51
0413
354
303
266
239
217
200
170
91
6
6F
M230-X
360
297
259
233
209
190
176
164
155
147
107
866
745
665
526
443
372
321
283
254
230
197
102
3F
M225-X
299
249
219
199
181
168
157
145
135
126
906
726
619
547
450
391
336
296
267
243
225
188
96
0
630
450
350
285
245
215
195
175
160
148
140
130
98
079
067
058
647
540
235
031
528
025
824
020
411
4
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Wa
tts
pe
r c
ell
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
133
836
650
517
436
383
345
316
294
270
250
234
163
127
105
91
073
362
752
845
740
436
232
928
115
5
6F
M24-X
150
107
822
662
573
500
440
396
365
335
315
290
215
177
148
130
105
88
377
568
661
755
851
143
224
2
6F
M33-X
215
150
117
948
814
724
645
585
538
486
444
409
292
233
198
174
142
122
103
90
280
272
566
356
430
4
6F
M40-X
251
177
141
117
103
929
831
757
700
642
595
556
393
312
263
230
180
150
129
115
102
92
987
173
839
7
6F
M45-X
263
187
147
123
108
986
883
806
746
684
634
592
419
332
280
245
191
158
135
119
107
97
790
276
941
4
6F
M55S
G-X
318
229
182
146
125
111
100
917
853
787
734
689
490
391
331
291
227
188
162
143
129
118
109
92
550
6
6F
M60-X
350
259
200
161
138
122
110
101
941
875
821
776
556
445
374
330
263
222
191
166
148
133
122
103
55
2
6F
M65-X
381
282
222
177
150
132
117
106
980
911
855
808
577
461
391
345
272
228
196
173
155
142
131
111
59
8
6F
M75-X
413
314
246
202
175
158
142
129
120
110
102
957
679
541
457
402
318
268
229
201
180
164
151
128
69
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
373
308
249
213
189
170
156
145
134
125
117
828
655
552
483
383
323
276
242
217
197
181
154
82
8
6F
M100-X
392
321
260
223
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
884
706
600
528
422
358
306
269
242
22
203
174
92
5
6F
M120-X
449
370
299
256
227
204
186
172
160
149
141
100
796
673
592
469
395
341
303
274
251
233
210
110
6F
M134-X
566
474
381
324
287
252
226
206
189
175
163
117
946
809
718
566
474
406
357
320
292
269
229
123
6F
M150-X
637
542
438
375
333
295
266
243
223
206
192
138
111
953
845
663
554
471
412
368
333
305
256
138
6F
M175
584
476
411
368
325
293
269
246
227
211
154
125
108
968
764
642
546
477
426
386
354
303
158
6F
M200-X
625
514
447
402
356
321
294
268
247
230
170
139
121
109
865
730
621
543
484
438
402
342
184
6F
M230-X
680
585
514
469
423
388
361
335
314
296
213
172
147
131
104
867
730
632
559
502
456
392
208
3F
M225-X
677
581
511
465
414
377
348
320
298
279
201
162
138
123
971
817
695
608
543
493
452
385
207
390
291
232
191
166
149
132
121
112
103
945
887
635
509
433
383
301
251
216
191
172
157
145
123
65
7
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
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risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
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alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
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dis
ch
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ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
1 2
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
General purpose
application batteries
Principle of
VRLA batteries
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION FM
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION FM
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the negative
and recombines with lead to form water
VISION FM series are designed for general-purpose applications such as UPS telecom and electrical utilities
With 10 years design life the batteries comply to the most popular international standards such as IEC60896-2122 BS6290-4
Eurobat Guide The battery container and cover are available both in V0 class flame retardant ABS or HBO ABS plastics
With more than 15 years of production experience VISION FM series of VRLA batteries are recognized as the most reliable and high quality
battery system in the industry
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
electrolysis occurs at the final stagethen(so) hydrogen
generates from the negative plates and oxygen from the
positive plates This causes water loss and periodic watering
is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases does not
occur simultaneously because the recharge of the positive
plates is not as efficient as the negative ones This means
that oxygen is evolved from the positive plate before
hydrogen is evolved from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the positive
plate a substantial amount of highly active spongy lead
exists on the negative plate before it commences hydrogen
evolution Therefore providing oxygen can be transported to
the negative plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is electrochemically
reduced on the negative plate according to the following
formula
+- 2e + 2H + 12O2rarrH2O
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate drives this
reaction instead of hydrogen evolution which occurs in a
conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this process were
100 efficient no water would be lost from the battery By
careful design and selection of battery components gas
recombination efficiency is from 95 to 99
During conventional lead Acid battery charging water Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of hydrogen emitted
from the battery and converting this into its ampere-hour
equivalent This equivalent value is then subtracted from
the total ampere-hours taken by the battery during the test
period and the remainder is the batterys recombination
efficiency and is usually expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The volume
of gas emitted is very small and typical average values on
oconstant potential float at 25 are as followsC
VISION FM hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(Vcell) (mlcellC10Ahmonth)
223~228 38
240~245 25
Position of terminals
CBA D
Terminal
6FM90T-X 16
6FM17-X 12 17 182 181 713 77 303 167 657 167 657 M5 B 57 126
6FM24-X 12 24 25 2 166 654 175 689 125 492 125 492 M5 B 86 190
6FM33-X 12 33 356 195 768 130 512 155 610 168 661 M6 A 102 225
6FM40-X 12 40 430 197 776 165 650 170 669 170 669 M6 B 135 298
6FM45-X 12 45 474 197 776 165 650 170 669 170 669 M6 B 138 304
6FM55SG-X 12 55 572 229 902 138 543 208 819 213 839 M6 A 195 430
6FM60-X 12 60 658 258 102 166 654 206 811 215 846 M6 A 240 529
6FM65-X 12 65 700 350 138 167 657 179 705 179 705 M6 A 234 516
6FM75-X 12 75 810 258 102 166 654 206 811 215 846 M6 A 240 529
6FM80-X 12 80 852 350 138 167 657 179 705 179 705 M6 A 242 533
6FM90T-X 12 90 976 306 120 169 665 210 827 215 846 M6 A 300 662
6FM100-X 12 100 107 330 130 171 673 215 846 222 874 M6 A 320 706
6FM120-X 12 120 126 410 161 176 693 227 894 227 894 M8 A 380 838
6FM134-X 12 134 144 341 134 173 681 283 111 287 113 M8 A 425 937
6FM150-X 12 150 162 485 191 172 677 240 945 240 945 M8 A 470 104
6FM175 12 175 185 533 210 207 815 215 847 240 945 M10 C 564 124
6FM200-X 12 200 216 522 206 238 937 218 858 223 878 M8 C 650 143
6FM230-X 12 230 243 520 205 269 106 203 800 208 819 M8 C 726 1601
3FM225-X 6 225 234 320 126 176 693 225 886 247 972 M8 D 305 673
More battery types are available on website httpwwwvision-battcom
TYPE NominalVoltage(V)
Terminal Wt(lbs)o 18Vpc10hr25 C
L(mm) L(inch) W(mm) H(mm) W(inch) H(inch) TH(mm) TH(inch) Wt(Kg)LayoutCapacity(Ah)
o 175Vpc20hr25 C
General SpecificationsCapacity(Ah)
Terminal
Separator
Positive Plate
Negative Plate
Container
3 4
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Construction
These reactions can take place only by using
- Plates composed of special alloy with several
components which provide the plate grids with high
mechanical strength and a high level of hydrogen
over voltage
- An appropriate ratio between positive and negative
active materials
- Fiberglass separators manufactured from borosilicate
giving them excellent resistance to high temperatures
and to sulphuric acid The high level of porosity of these
separators is used to retain the quantity of electrolyte
necessary for cell operation but without any free
electrolyte
- A pressure relief valve which allows gas to be released
if necessary in the case of an accidental overcharge
Charge
characteristics
The cells in the VISION FM product range must be
charged at a constant voltage at an ambient
otemperature of 25 the batteries should be charged
at 223-228 volts per cell It is not necessary to limit
the current as this will be governed by the maximum
output available from the charger until the voltage limit
is reached The charging voltage of 223-228 volts
should also be used for float charging To achieve
nominal performance characteristics it is recommended
to adjust this value to suit the ambient temperature
as indicated in the following table
Under these conditions a full recharge will be completed
in approximately 48 hours
C
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 240 Volts per cell can reduce
recharge time and it is possible depending on the depth of
discharge to halve the recharge time Under these conditions
however the charge must be monitored and must be terminated
when the charge current remains reasonably steady for 3 hours
after the voltage limit has been reached At the beginning of
charge the current must be limited to 03C10 (A)
Ripple current
The ripple content of the charging current affects the life of the
battery It is recommended to limit the continuous ripple current to
005 C10 (in amperes) as recommended value (never exceed
010C10) Transient and other ripple type voltage excursions can
be accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
the system peak to peak voltage including regulation limits falls
within 25 of the recommended float voltage of the battery
Temperature Float charge voltage
231 - 236 V
228 - 233 V
225 - 230 V
223 - 228 V
222 - 227 V
220 - 225 V
o 0 C
o10 C
o20 C
o25 C
o30 C
o35 C
6FM
G
enera
l Purp
ose A
pplicati
ons
Se
rie
sTable
s of
perf
orm
ances
VIS
ION
FM
5
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
65 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
649
442
340
268
225
196
174
157
144
134
125
118
82
064
053
24
60
36
831
326
723
421
019
017
514
907
8
6F
M24-X
795
563
433
349
301
263
233
209
192
176
165
151
111
90
374
96
54
52
443
438
033
830
327
525
221
311
9
6F
M33-X
106
773
594
479
409
363
323
292
269
249
233
219
154
122
103
89
772
762
552
845
940
836
733
528
515
3
6F
M40-X
124
884
689
548
463
407
364
331
306
286
270
256
180
142
119
104
84
372
462
355
149
845
642
235
518
6
6F
M45-X
136
950
743
599
513
455
408
372
344
317
295
276
196
156
132
116
91
476
666
358
953
449
045
438
620
2
6F
M55S
G-X
165
124
954
764
650
574
508
458
419
388
363
342
242
192
162
142
113
95
782
573
166
160
656
247
524
3
6F
M60-X
188
143
110
875
740
650
581
529
489
451
420
394
279
221
186
163
131
111
95
584
476
169
764
554
830
6
6F
M65-X
203
151
116
922
777
680
615
566
528
485
449
419
295
233
196
171
137
117
101
89
681
074
369
058
131
2
6F
M75-X
222
169
131
104
888
783
689
619
564
528
499
475
345
279
240
214
168
141
120
104
92
683
776
565
135
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
208
162
129
108
950
849
774
715
655
607
566
413
337
291
260
204
170
144
126
112
101
92
578
742
4
6F
M100-X
221
178
141
119
104
932
850
787
722
669
625
451
364
312
277
218
183
157
139
125
115
106
90
146
8
6F
M120-X
245
195
156
132
116
103
936
861
801
752
711
513
414
355
315
249
210
181
160
145
133
123
105
54
7
6F
M134-X
292
237
191
163
145
128
115
105
967
899
843
609
491
421
374
297
250
212
185
164
148
136
116
62
3
6F
M150-X
327
267
214
183
162
144
131
120
112
105
990
716
579
497
442
342
282
239
209
186
168
154
131
70
5
6F
M175
309
248
211
187
165
149
137
127
118
112
807
653
561
499
392
327
278
242
216
195
179
153
79
6
6F
M200-X
350
281
240
212
187
168
153
141
132
124
898
727
624
556
441
372
316
275
245
222
203
173
92
9
6F
M230-X
394
317
271
241
215
196
182
170
160
152
110
891
766
682
538
451
379
327
288
257
238
200
104
3F
M225-X
367
297
255
227
207
191
179
166
156
147
104
826
697
611
488
415
355
312
279
254
234
197
101
210
160
123
990
844
747
667
607
560
522
491
464
334
268
230
203
159
132
113
99
088
179
973
461
733
3
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
to 1
60 v
olt
s p
er
ce
llC
Am
pe
res
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
670
453
356
278
231
200
177
160
147
136
127
120
84
166
155
448
238
031
827
324
121
719
818
315
608
2
6F
M24-X
850
600
460
370
320
279
245
220
202
185
173
158
115
94
077
567
654
044
539
034
531
028
025
621
612
0
6F
M33-X
115
802
615
493
419
370
327
294
269
251
236
223
157
124
104
90
873
463
053
246
241
036
933
628
615
4
6F
M40-X
131
930
733
576
483
420
374
340
313
291
274
259
183
145
122
107
86
073
663
356
050
546
242
836
118
7
6F
M45-X
149
100
778
618
521
457
411
377
350
322
299
280
199
159
134
118
93
078
067
359
653
949
445
838
920
4
6F
M55S
G-X
175
129
994
793
672
592
523
471
431
399
373
351
249
197
167
146
116
98
284
374
466
961
156
547
824
5
6F
M60-X
202
129
115
910
766
670
598
545
503
466
436
410
289
228
191
167
134
114
98
086
678
071
366
056
131
0
6F
M65-X
215
160
125
978
814
705
630
574
530
495
466
442
309
243
203
177
142
121
104
91
982
875
870
159
032
0
6F
M75-X
240
178
137
109
929
818
732
667
617
571
534
502
360
289
246
218
171
143
121
105
93
384
176
765
435
2
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
218
173
137
115
100
892
810
747
696
655
620
445
358
305
270
209
172
146
127
113
102
93
079
142
6
6F
M100-X
229
185
146
123
108
963
874
805
748
701
662
471
375
318
279
224
190
163
143
129
117
108
90
647
0
6F
M120-X
250
196
158
135
120
106
958
877
813
760
716
518
419
360
320
251
210
182
162
146
134
125
105
55
4
6F
M134-X
314
248
197
167
147
130
117
107
988
921
865
624
503
430
382
303
256
216
187
166
149
136
117
62
4
6F
M150-X
360
288
228
193
169
149
135
123
115
108
102
733
589
503
445
347
288
244
212
188
170
155
132
71
0
6F
M175
324
259
220
195
172
154
141
131
122
115
830
670
574
511
401
335
283
246
218
197
180
154
80
0
6F
M200-X
360
290
248
220
194
174
159
147
136
128
928
752
646
576
455
382
323
280
249
224
204
175
93
4
6F
M230-X
405
324
275
242
217
200
186
174
163
155
111
899
771
685
540
454
380
328
289
260
239
203
105
3F
M225-X
390
314
269
238
215
198
184
172
161
153
108
848
711
620
495
420
359
315
283
257
237
202
103
222
169
134
106
896
786
705
644
596
551
514
483
344
275
232
204
161
135
115
99
989
280
673
862
133
5
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
87
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
70 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
630
431
335
263
219
190
169
153
140
130
123
116
80
262
251
544
335
830
726
122
820
318
317
314
707
7
6F
M24-X
740
525
405
328
283
247
220
198
181
167
157
144
107
86
572
363
150
842
437
033
029
526
924
821
011
7
6F
M33-X
990
730
545
439
375
332
298
272
252
236
223
212
148
116
97
384
570
161
552
145
340
336
333
228
415
2
6F
M40-X
119
837
667
528
445
390
353
326
305
284
266
252
177
140
117
102
82
771
161
454
549
345
342
135
218
4
6F
M45-X
134
900
730
584
497
439
387
349
319
300
285
272
193
153
129
113
89
475
265
358
252
948
745
338
520
2
6F
M55S
G-X
155
115
906
731
626
556
492
444
407
377
353
333
236
188
158
139
111
94
081
372
265
460
055
847
224
1
6F
M60-X
180
133
105
840
714
630
564
515
476
442
415
392
277
220
185
163
129
109
93
382
073
667
061
853
629
3
6F
M65-X
191
143
114
902
758
663
594
542
501
467
438
415
292
231
194
169
135
115
99
287
979
572
967
657
530
6
6F
M75-X
206
158
122
994
860
770
676
605
550
518
491
469
339
275
236
210
166
139
118
103
91
883
076
064
634
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
186
153
121
103
900
805
734
679
631
592
560
405
328
281
250
198
167
142
124
111
100
91
878
142
0
6F
M100-X
200
164
130
110
960
861
788
730
684
646
615
444
358
306
272
215
180
155
137
124
113
105
89
345
9
6F
M120-X
223
187
150
127
112
999
909
838
782
735
697
504
407
349
310
245
207
178
158
142
131
122
104
53
9
6F
M134-X
280
231
187
160
142
125
112
102
940
875
821
595
481
413
368
290
243
207
181
162
147
135
115
61
8
6F
M150-X
313
259
210
180
160
142
129
118
109
102
963
701
569
491
438
337
276
235
205
183
166
152
129
69
6
6F
M175
298
241
206
183
162
146
134
123
115
108
788
641
553
494
386
321
273
239
213
193
177
152
78
9
6F
M200-X
337
271
232
206
182
163
149
137
128
120
875
713
615
550
435
366
311
272
243
220
202
172
92
5
6F
M230-X
383
311
268
240
214
195
180
168
158
150
109
883
760
678
535
449
377
325
286
256
236
199
103
3F
M225-X
358
294
255
230
207
190
176
161
149
139
998
804
687
610
484
408
349
307
275
251
231
194
99
0
196
151
119
954
815
723
648
592
549
509
475
448
325
263
226
202
158
132
113
98
187
879
572
961
432
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
75
vo
lts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
601
419
320
254
214
187
166
150
138
126
116
108
75
959
750
143
635
230
125
622
319
918
017
214
607
7
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
878
690
520
424
366
328
292
266
245
228
214
203
143
113
94
682
565
855
847
942
238
034
633
128
215
2
6F
M40-X
110
791
649
515
434
380
343
315
293
275
261
249
174
137
114
99
581
170
060
253
348
144
040
734
818
2
6F
M45-X
118
850
690
545
457
399
362
334
312
295
281
269
190
151
127
111
87
873
863
455
950
446
045
138
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
145
106
858
698
602
538
477
432
396
368
344
325
231
183
155
136
109
92
380
071
264
659
555
446
924
0
6F
M60-X
167
123
994
802
686
609
546
499
462
433
409
389
274
217
183
160
127
107
91
881
072
966
661
552
328
1
6F
M65-X
178
132
108
871
746
662
592
539
498
462
433
409
288
228
192
167
133
113
97
486
277
871
366
156
229
7
6F
M75-X
195
151
117
961
834
736
659
590
537
503
476
453
330
268
231
206
162
135
115
101
90
482
175
564
234
6
6F
M80-X
184
143
113
918
786
698
620
562
516
479
449
424
310
253
219
196
155
130
111
97
286
778
672
561
032
7
6F
M90T-X
175
142
114
982
873
780
710
655
611
576
546
394
318
272
242
192
162
138
121
109
98
991
077
441
7
6F
M100-X
187
153
123
105
930
837
767
713
670
634
605
437
353
302
269
210
175
151
134
121
111
103
87
645
0
6F
M120-X
210
179
144
122
108
964
878
810
756
712
675
490
398
342
305
240
200
173
154
140
129
121
103
53
1
6F
M134-X
257
214
177
154
139
122
110
998
920
855
802
582
471
405
361
283
236
202
178
160
146
135
114
61
7
6F
M150-X
288
240
198
173
156
138
125
114
106
990
934
684
559
484
434
332
270
230
202
181
164
151
128
69
1
6F
M175
280
229
198
178
157
142
130
120
112
105
768
626
541
484
378
315
269
236
211
191
176
151
78
5
6F
M200-X
319
260
224
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
852
693
598
534
425
360
307
269
241
219
201
171
92
0
6F
M230-X
372
304
263
236
211
193
178
166
157
149
108
873
750
668
530
446
375
323
285
255
231
198
103
3F
M225-X
345
282
244
219
196
178
165
155
148
141
101
803
682
601
475
400
343
302
271
247
228
191
98
0
685
488
378
306
264
231
208
186
171
157
148
137
102
82
869
660
949
141
336
032
328
826
424
420
711
6
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
109
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
C
to 1
80 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
574
408
310
245
206
180
161
146
135
123
113
105
73
958
449
042
834
429
324
921
819
517
717
014
507
6
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
795
600
495
407
354
319
284
258
238
222
209
198
140
111
93
581
865
155
047
041
337
033
733
028
115
1
6F
M40-X
101
719
587
475
408
363
331
308
289
269
252
238
168
132
111
97
279
068
058
752
047
043
140
034
017
9
6F
M45-X
114
800
660
525
444
390
354
326
305
289
276
265
187
148
125
109
86
673
062
755
449
945
645
038
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
134
998
795
657
574
519
461
418
384
357
335
317
225
179
151
133
107
90
678
770
363
959
055
046
523
8
6F
M60-X
155
112
920
754
654
587
528
484
449
416
388
366
259
205
173
15
2123
105
90
079
371
365
060
051
026
8
6F
M65-X
165
120
100
809
694
618
556
509
473
437
407
383
273
218
185
16
3130
111
95
784
776
570
165
055
328
6
6F
M75-X
180
139
112
926
809
731
646
583
533
493
461
434
316
257
222
198
157
133
114
99
989
581
475
063
834
3
6F
M80-X
171
134
106
869
752
675
601
546
503
469
440
417
302
244
209
18
6149
127
109
95
485
778
172
60
632
5
6F
M90T-X
163
132
108
938
842
751
683
630
588
553
524
378
304
260
23
1185
157
135
119
107
97
490
076
541
2
6F
M100-X
175
143
117
101
910
820
753
700
650
608
574
414
333
285
253
202
172
148
131
118
108
100
85
044
2
6F
M120-X
197
167
137
118
106
944
857
789
735
691
654
468
374
318
28
1226
193
168
150
136
126
120
102
52
4
6F
M134-X
235
197
166
147
134
118
106
967
892
831
780
566
459
395
352
276
230
198
175
158
145
134
113
61
4
6F
M150-X
264
222
186
164
150
133
120
110
102
958
905
660
537
463
41
4321
265
227
199
179
163
150
127
68
7
6F
M175
246
207
184
169
150
136
125
116
108
102
742
602
518
46
2367
310
265
233
209
190
175
150
78
0
6F
M200-X
269
228
203
187
167
152
140
130
121
114
825
668
573
51
0413
354
303
266
239
217
200
170
91
6
6F
M230-X
360
297
259
233
209
190
176
164
155
147
107
866
745
665
526
443
372
321
283
254
230
197
102
3F
M225-X
299
249
219
199
181
168
157
145
135
126
906
726
619
547
450
391
336
296
267
243
225
188
96
0
630
450
350
285
245
215
195
175
160
148
140
130
98
079
067
058
647
540
235
031
528
025
824
020
411
4
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Wa
tts
pe
r c
ell
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
133
836
650
517
436
383
345
316
294
270
250
234
163
127
105
91
073
362
752
845
740
436
232
928
115
5
6F
M24-X
150
107
822
662
573
500
440
396
365
335
315
290
215
177
148
130
105
88
377
568
661
755
851
143
224
2
6F
M33-X
215
150
117
948
814
724
645
585
538
486
444
409
292
233
198
174
142
122
103
90
280
272
566
356
430
4
6F
M40-X
251
177
141
117
103
929
831
757
700
642
595
556
393
312
263
230
180
150
129
115
102
92
987
173
839
7
6F
M45-X
263
187
147
123
108
986
883
806
746
684
634
592
419
332
280
245
191
158
135
119
107
97
790
276
941
4
6F
M55S
G-X
318
229
182
146
125
111
100
917
853
787
734
689
490
391
331
291
227
188
162
143
129
118
109
92
550
6
6F
M60-X
350
259
200
161
138
122
110
101
941
875
821
776
556
445
374
330
263
222
191
166
148
133
122
103
55
2
6F
M65-X
381
282
222
177
150
132
117
106
980
911
855
808
577
461
391
345
272
228
196
173
155
142
131
111
59
8
6F
M75-X
413
314
246
202
175
158
142
129
120
110
102
957
679
541
457
402
318
268
229
201
180
164
151
128
69
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
373
308
249
213
189
170
156
145
134
125
117
828
655
552
483
383
323
276
242
217
197
181
154
82
8
6F
M100-X
392
321
260
223
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
884
706
600
528
422
358
306
269
242
22
203
174
92
5
6F
M120-X
449
370
299
256
227
204
186
172
160
149
141
100
796
673
592
469
395
341
303
274
251
233
210
110
6F
M134-X
566
474
381
324
287
252
226
206
189
175
163
117
946
809
718
566
474
406
357
320
292
269
229
123
6F
M150-X
637
542
438
375
333
295
266
243
223
206
192
138
111
953
845
663
554
471
412
368
333
305
256
138
6F
M175
584
476
411
368
325
293
269
246
227
211
154
125
108
968
764
642
546
477
426
386
354
303
158
6F
M200-X
625
514
447
402
356
321
294
268
247
230
170
139
121
109
865
730
621
543
484
438
402
342
184
6F
M230-X
680
585
514
469
423
388
361
335
314
296
213
172
147
131
104
867
730
632
559
502
456
392
208
3F
M225-X
677
581
511
465
414
377
348
320
298
279
201
162
138
123
971
817
695
608
543
493
452
385
207
390
291
232
191
166
149
132
121
112
103
945
887
635
509
433
383
301
251
216
191
172
157
145
123
65
7
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
Terminal
Separator
Positive Plate
Negative Plate
Container
3 4
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Construction
These reactions can take place only by using
- Plates composed of special alloy with several
components which provide the plate grids with high
mechanical strength and a high level of hydrogen
over voltage
- An appropriate ratio between positive and negative
active materials
- Fiberglass separators manufactured from borosilicate
giving them excellent resistance to high temperatures
and to sulphuric acid The high level of porosity of these
separators is used to retain the quantity of electrolyte
necessary for cell operation but without any free
electrolyte
- A pressure relief valve which allows gas to be released
if necessary in the case of an accidental overcharge
Charge
characteristics
The cells in the VISION FM product range must be
charged at a constant voltage at an ambient
otemperature of 25 the batteries should be charged
at 223-228 volts per cell It is not necessary to limit
the current as this will be governed by the maximum
output available from the charger until the voltage limit
is reached The charging voltage of 223-228 volts
should also be used for float charging To achieve
nominal performance characteristics it is recommended
to adjust this value to suit the ambient temperature
as indicated in the following table
Under these conditions a full recharge will be completed
in approximately 48 hours
C
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 240 Volts per cell can reduce
recharge time and it is possible depending on the depth of
discharge to halve the recharge time Under these conditions
however the charge must be monitored and must be terminated
when the charge current remains reasonably steady for 3 hours
after the voltage limit has been reached At the beginning of
charge the current must be limited to 03C10 (A)
Ripple current
The ripple content of the charging current affects the life of the
battery It is recommended to limit the continuous ripple current to
005 C10 (in amperes) as recommended value (never exceed
010C10) Transient and other ripple type voltage excursions can
be accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
the system peak to peak voltage including regulation limits falls
within 25 of the recommended float voltage of the battery
Temperature Float charge voltage
231 - 236 V
228 - 233 V
225 - 230 V
223 - 228 V
222 - 227 V
220 - 225 V
o 0 C
o10 C
o20 C
o25 C
o30 C
o35 C
6FM
G
enera
l Purp
ose A
pplicati
ons
Se
rie
sTable
s of
perf
orm
ances
VIS
ION
FM
5
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
65 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
649
442
340
268
225
196
174
157
144
134
125
118
82
064
053
24
60
36
831
326
723
421
019
017
514
907
8
6F
M24-X
795
563
433
349
301
263
233
209
192
176
165
151
111
90
374
96
54
52
443
438
033
830
327
525
221
311
9
6F
M33-X
106
773
594
479
409
363
323
292
269
249
233
219
154
122
103
89
772
762
552
845
940
836
733
528
515
3
6F
M40-X
124
884
689
548
463
407
364
331
306
286
270
256
180
142
119
104
84
372
462
355
149
845
642
235
518
6
6F
M45-X
136
950
743
599
513
455
408
372
344
317
295
276
196
156
132
116
91
476
666
358
953
449
045
438
620
2
6F
M55S
G-X
165
124
954
764
650
574
508
458
419
388
363
342
242
192
162
142
113
95
782
573
166
160
656
247
524
3
6F
M60-X
188
143
110
875
740
650
581
529
489
451
420
394
279
221
186
163
131
111
95
584
476
169
764
554
830
6
6F
M65-X
203
151
116
922
777
680
615
566
528
485
449
419
295
233
196
171
137
117
101
89
681
074
369
058
131
2
6F
M75-X
222
169
131
104
888
783
689
619
564
528
499
475
345
279
240
214
168
141
120
104
92
683
776
565
135
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
208
162
129
108
950
849
774
715
655
607
566
413
337
291
260
204
170
144
126
112
101
92
578
742
4
6F
M100-X
221
178
141
119
104
932
850
787
722
669
625
451
364
312
277
218
183
157
139
125
115
106
90
146
8
6F
M120-X
245
195
156
132
116
103
936
861
801
752
711
513
414
355
315
249
210
181
160
145
133
123
105
54
7
6F
M134-X
292
237
191
163
145
128
115
105
967
899
843
609
491
421
374
297
250
212
185
164
148
136
116
62
3
6F
M150-X
327
267
214
183
162
144
131
120
112
105
990
716
579
497
442
342
282
239
209
186
168
154
131
70
5
6F
M175
309
248
211
187
165
149
137
127
118
112
807
653
561
499
392
327
278
242
216
195
179
153
79
6
6F
M200-X
350
281
240
212
187
168
153
141
132
124
898
727
624
556
441
372
316
275
245
222
203
173
92
9
6F
M230-X
394
317
271
241
215
196
182
170
160
152
110
891
766
682
538
451
379
327
288
257
238
200
104
3F
M225-X
367
297
255
227
207
191
179
166
156
147
104
826
697
611
488
415
355
312
279
254
234
197
101
210
160
123
990
844
747
667
607
560
522
491
464
334
268
230
203
159
132
113
99
088
179
973
461
733
3
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
to 1
60 v
olt
s p
er
ce
llC
Am
pe
res
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
670
453
356
278
231
200
177
160
147
136
127
120
84
166
155
448
238
031
827
324
121
719
818
315
608
2
6F
M24-X
850
600
460
370
320
279
245
220
202
185
173
158
115
94
077
567
654
044
539
034
531
028
025
621
612
0
6F
M33-X
115
802
615
493
419
370
327
294
269
251
236
223
157
124
104
90
873
463
053
246
241
036
933
628
615
4
6F
M40-X
131
930
733
576
483
420
374
340
313
291
274
259
183
145
122
107
86
073
663
356
050
546
242
836
118
7
6F
M45-X
149
100
778
618
521
457
411
377
350
322
299
280
199
159
134
118
93
078
067
359
653
949
445
838
920
4
6F
M55S
G-X
175
129
994
793
672
592
523
471
431
399
373
351
249
197
167
146
116
98
284
374
466
961
156
547
824
5
6F
M60-X
202
129
115
910
766
670
598
545
503
466
436
410
289
228
191
167
134
114
98
086
678
071
366
056
131
0
6F
M65-X
215
160
125
978
814
705
630
574
530
495
466
442
309
243
203
177
142
121
104
91
982
875
870
159
032
0
6F
M75-X
240
178
137
109
929
818
732
667
617
571
534
502
360
289
246
218
171
143
121
105
93
384
176
765
435
2
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
218
173
137
115
100
892
810
747
696
655
620
445
358
305
270
209
172
146
127
113
102
93
079
142
6
6F
M100-X
229
185
146
123
108
963
874
805
748
701
662
471
375
318
279
224
190
163
143
129
117
108
90
647
0
6F
M120-X
250
196
158
135
120
106
958
877
813
760
716
518
419
360
320
251
210
182
162
146
134
125
105
55
4
6F
M134-X
314
248
197
167
147
130
117
107
988
921
865
624
503
430
382
303
256
216
187
166
149
136
117
62
4
6F
M150-X
360
288
228
193
169
149
135
123
115
108
102
733
589
503
445
347
288
244
212
188
170
155
132
71
0
6F
M175
324
259
220
195
172
154
141
131
122
115
830
670
574
511
401
335
283
246
218
197
180
154
80
0
6F
M200-X
360
290
248
220
194
174
159
147
136
128
928
752
646
576
455
382
323
280
249
224
204
175
93
4
6F
M230-X
405
324
275
242
217
200
186
174
163
155
111
899
771
685
540
454
380
328
289
260
239
203
105
3F
M225-X
390
314
269
238
215
198
184
172
161
153
108
848
711
620
495
420
359
315
283
257
237
202
103
222
169
134
106
896
786
705
644
596
551
514
483
344
275
232
204
161
135
115
99
989
280
673
862
133
5
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
87
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
70 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
630
431
335
263
219
190
169
153
140
130
123
116
80
262
251
544
335
830
726
122
820
318
317
314
707
7
6F
M24-X
740
525
405
328
283
247
220
198
181
167
157
144
107
86
572
363
150
842
437
033
029
526
924
821
011
7
6F
M33-X
990
730
545
439
375
332
298
272
252
236
223
212
148
116
97
384
570
161
552
145
340
336
333
228
415
2
6F
M40-X
119
837
667
528
445
390
353
326
305
284
266
252
177
140
117
102
82
771
161
454
549
345
342
135
218
4
6F
M45-X
134
900
730
584
497
439
387
349
319
300
285
272
193
153
129
113
89
475
265
358
252
948
745
338
520
2
6F
M55S
G-X
155
115
906
731
626
556
492
444
407
377
353
333
236
188
158
139
111
94
081
372
265
460
055
847
224
1
6F
M60-X
180
133
105
840
714
630
564
515
476
442
415
392
277
220
185
163
129
109
93
382
073
667
061
853
629
3
6F
M65-X
191
143
114
902
758
663
594
542
501
467
438
415
292
231
194
169
135
115
99
287
979
572
967
657
530
6
6F
M75-X
206
158
122
994
860
770
676
605
550
518
491
469
339
275
236
210
166
139
118
103
91
883
076
064
634
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
186
153
121
103
900
805
734
679
631
592
560
405
328
281
250
198
167
142
124
111
100
91
878
142
0
6F
M100-X
200
164
130
110
960
861
788
730
684
646
615
444
358
306
272
215
180
155
137
124
113
105
89
345
9
6F
M120-X
223
187
150
127
112
999
909
838
782
735
697
504
407
349
310
245
207
178
158
142
131
122
104
53
9
6F
M134-X
280
231
187
160
142
125
112
102
940
875
821
595
481
413
368
290
243
207
181
162
147
135
115
61
8
6F
M150-X
313
259
210
180
160
142
129
118
109
102
963
701
569
491
438
337
276
235
205
183
166
152
129
69
6
6F
M175
298
241
206
183
162
146
134
123
115
108
788
641
553
494
386
321
273
239
213
193
177
152
78
9
6F
M200-X
337
271
232
206
182
163
149
137
128
120
875
713
615
550
435
366
311
272
243
220
202
172
92
5
6F
M230-X
383
311
268
240
214
195
180
168
158
150
109
883
760
678
535
449
377
325
286
256
236
199
103
3F
M225-X
358
294
255
230
207
190
176
161
149
139
998
804
687
610
484
408
349
307
275
251
231
194
99
0
196
151
119
954
815
723
648
592
549
509
475
448
325
263
226
202
158
132
113
98
187
879
572
961
432
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
75
vo
lts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
601
419
320
254
214
187
166
150
138
126
116
108
75
959
750
143
635
230
125
622
319
918
017
214
607
7
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
878
690
520
424
366
328
292
266
245
228
214
203
143
113
94
682
565
855
847
942
238
034
633
128
215
2
6F
M40-X
110
791
649
515
434
380
343
315
293
275
261
249
174
137
114
99
581
170
060
253
348
144
040
734
818
2
6F
M45-X
118
850
690
545
457
399
362
334
312
295
281
269
190
151
127
111
87
873
863
455
950
446
045
138
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
145
106
858
698
602
538
477
432
396
368
344
325
231
183
155
136
109
92
380
071
264
659
555
446
924
0
6F
M60-X
167
123
994
802
686
609
546
499
462
433
409
389
274
217
183
160
127
107
91
881
072
966
661
552
328
1
6F
M65-X
178
132
108
871
746
662
592
539
498
462
433
409
288
228
192
167
133
113
97
486
277
871
366
156
229
7
6F
M75-X
195
151
117
961
834
736
659
590
537
503
476
453
330
268
231
206
162
135
115
101
90
482
175
564
234
6
6F
M80-X
184
143
113
918
786
698
620
562
516
479
449
424
310
253
219
196
155
130
111
97
286
778
672
561
032
7
6F
M90T-X
175
142
114
982
873
780
710
655
611
576
546
394
318
272
242
192
162
138
121
109
98
991
077
441
7
6F
M100-X
187
153
123
105
930
837
767
713
670
634
605
437
353
302
269
210
175
151
134
121
111
103
87
645
0
6F
M120-X
210
179
144
122
108
964
878
810
756
712
675
490
398
342
305
240
200
173
154
140
129
121
103
53
1
6F
M134-X
257
214
177
154
139
122
110
998
920
855
802
582
471
405
361
283
236
202
178
160
146
135
114
61
7
6F
M150-X
288
240
198
173
156
138
125
114
106
990
934
684
559
484
434
332
270
230
202
181
164
151
128
69
1
6F
M175
280
229
198
178
157
142
130
120
112
105
768
626
541
484
378
315
269
236
211
191
176
151
78
5
6F
M200-X
319
260
224
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
852
693
598
534
425
360
307
269
241
219
201
171
92
0
6F
M230-X
372
304
263
236
211
193
178
166
157
149
108
873
750
668
530
446
375
323
285
255
231
198
103
3F
M225-X
345
282
244
219
196
178
165
155
148
141
101
803
682
601
475
400
343
302
271
247
228
191
98
0
685
488
378
306
264
231
208
186
171
157
148
137
102
82
869
660
949
141
336
032
328
826
424
420
711
6
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
109
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
C
to 1
80 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
574
408
310
245
206
180
161
146
135
123
113
105
73
958
449
042
834
429
324
921
819
517
717
014
507
6
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
795
600
495
407
354
319
284
258
238
222
209
198
140
111
93
581
865
155
047
041
337
033
733
028
115
1
6F
M40-X
101
719
587
475
408
363
331
308
289
269
252
238
168
132
111
97
279
068
058
752
047
043
140
034
017
9
6F
M45-X
114
800
660
525
444
390
354
326
305
289
276
265
187
148
125
109
86
673
062
755
449
945
645
038
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
134
998
795
657
574
519
461
418
384
357
335
317
225
179
151
133
107
90
678
770
363
959
055
046
523
8
6F
M60-X
155
112
920
754
654
587
528
484
449
416
388
366
259
205
173
15
2123
105
90
079
371
365
060
051
026
8
6F
M65-X
165
120
100
809
694
618
556
509
473
437
407
383
273
218
185
16
3130
111
95
784
776
570
165
055
328
6
6F
M75-X
180
139
112
926
809
731
646
583
533
493
461
434
316
257
222
198
157
133
114
99
989
581
475
063
834
3
6F
M80-X
171
134
106
869
752
675
601
546
503
469
440
417
302
244
209
18
6149
127
109
95
485
778
172
60
632
5
6F
M90T-X
163
132
108
938
842
751
683
630
588
553
524
378
304
260
23
1185
157
135
119
107
97
490
076
541
2
6F
M100-X
175
143
117
101
910
820
753
700
650
608
574
414
333
285
253
202
172
148
131
118
108
100
85
044
2
6F
M120-X
197
167
137
118
106
944
857
789
735
691
654
468
374
318
28
1226
193
168
150
136
126
120
102
52
4
6F
M134-X
235
197
166
147
134
118
106
967
892
831
780
566
459
395
352
276
230
198
175
158
145
134
113
61
4
6F
M150-X
264
222
186
164
150
133
120
110
102
958
905
660
537
463
41
4321
265
227
199
179
163
150
127
68
7
6F
M175
246
207
184
169
150
136
125
116
108
102
742
602
518
46
2367
310
265
233
209
190
175
150
78
0
6F
M200-X
269
228
203
187
167
152
140
130
121
114
825
668
573
51
0413
354
303
266
239
217
200
170
91
6
6F
M230-X
360
297
259
233
209
190
176
164
155
147
107
866
745
665
526
443
372
321
283
254
230
197
102
3F
M225-X
299
249
219
199
181
168
157
145
135
126
906
726
619
547
450
391
336
296
267
243
225
188
96
0
630
450
350
285
245
215
195
175
160
148
140
130
98
079
067
058
647
540
235
031
528
025
824
020
411
4
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Wa
tts
pe
r c
ell
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
133
836
650
517
436
383
345
316
294
270
250
234
163
127
105
91
073
362
752
845
740
436
232
928
115
5
6F
M24-X
150
107
822
662
573
500
440
396
365
335
315
290
215
177
148
130
105
88
377
568
661
755
851
143
224
2
6F
M33-X
215
150
117
948
814
724
645
585
538
486
444
409
292
233
198
174
142
122
103
90
280
272
566
356
430
4
6F
M40-X
251
177
141
117
103
929
831
757
700
642
595
556
393
312
263
230
180
150
129
115
102
92
987
173
839
7
6F
M45-X
263
187
147
123
108
986
883
806
746
684
634
592
419
332
280
245
191
158
135
119
107
97
790
276
941
4
6F
M55S
G-X
318
229
182
146
125
111
100
917
853
787
734
689
490
391
331
291
227
188
162
143
129
118
109
92
550
6
6F
M60-X
350
259
200
161
138
122
110
101
941
875
821
776
556
445
374
330
263
222
191
166
148
133
122
103
55
2
6F
M65-X
381
282
222
177
150
132
117
106
980
911
855
808
577
461
391
345
272
228
196
173
155
142
131
111
59
8
6F
M75-X
413
314
246
202
175
158
142
129
120
110
102
957
679
541
457
402
318
268
229
201
180
164
151
128
69
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
373
308
249
213
189
170
156
145
134
125
117
828
655
552
483
383
323
276
242
217
197
181
154
82
8
6F
M100-X
392
321
260
223
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
884
706
600
528
422
358
306
269
242
22
203
174
92
5
6F
M120-X
449
370
299
256
227
204
186
172
160
149
141
100
796
673
592
469
395
341
303
274
251
233
210
110
6F
M134-X
566
474
381
324
287
252
226
206
189
175
163
117
946
809
718
566
474
406
357
320
292
269
229
123
6F
M150-X
637
542
438
375
333
295
266
243
223
206
192
138
111
953
845
663
554
471
412
368
333
305
256
138
6F
M175
584
476
411
368
325
293
269
246
227
211
154
125
108
968
764
642
546
477
426
386
354
303
158
6F
M200-X
625
514
447
402
356
321
294
268
247
230
170
139
121
109
865
730
621
543
484
438
402
342
184
6F
M230-X
680
585
514
469
423
388
361
335
314
296
213
172
147
131
104
867
730
632
559
502
456
392
208
3F
M225-X
677
581
511
465
414
377
348
320
298
279
201
162
138
123
971
817
695
608
543
493
452
385
207
390
291
232
191
166
149
132
121
112
103
945
887
635
509
433
383
301
251
216
191
172
157
145
123
65
7
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
6FM
G
enera
l Purp
ose A
pplicati
ons
Se
rie
sTable
s of
perf
orm
ances
VIS
ION
FM
5
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
65 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
649
442
340
268
225
196
174
157
144
134
125
118
82
064
053
24
60
36
831
326
723
421
019
017
514
907
8
6F
M24-X
795
563
433
349
301
263
233
209
192
176
165
151
111
90
374
96
54
52
443
438
033
830
327
525
221
311
9
6F
M33-X
106
773
594
479
409
363
323
292
269
249
233
219
154
122
103
89
772
762
552
845
940
836
733
528
515
3
6F
M40-X
124
884
689
548
463
407
364
331
306
286
270
256
180
142
119
104
84
372
462
355
149
845
642
235
518
6
6F
M45-X
136
950
743
599
513
455
408
372
344
317
295
276
196
156
132
116
91
476
666
358
953
449
045
438
620
2
6F
M55S
G-X
165
124
954
764
650
574
508
458
419
388
363
342
242
192
162
142
113
95
782
573
166
160
656
247
524
3
6F
M60-X
188
143
110
875
740
650
581
529
489
451
420
394
279
221
186
163
131
111
95
584
476
169
764
554
830
6
6F
M65-X
203
151
116
922
777
680
615
566
528
485
449
419
295
233
196
171
137
117
101
89
681
074
369
058
131
2
6F
M75-X
222
169
131
104
888
783
689
619
564
528
499
475
345
279
240
214
168
141
120
104
92
683
776
565
135
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
208
162
129
108
950
849
774
715
655
607
566
413
337
291
260
204
170
144
126
112
101
92
578
742
4
6F
M100-X
221
178
141
119
104
932
850
787
722
669
625
451
364
312
277
218
183
157
139
125
115
106
90
146
8
6F
M120-X
245
195
156
132
116
103
936
861
801
752
711
513
414
355
315
249
210
181
160
145
133
123
105
54
7
6F
M134-X
292
237
191
163
145
128
115
105
967
899
843
609
491
421
374
297
250
212
185
164
148
136
116
62
3
6F
M150-X
327
267
214
183
162
144
131
120
112
105
990
716
579
497
442
342
282
239
209
186
168
154
131
70
5
6F
M175
309
248
211
187
165
149
137
127
118
112
807
653
561
499
392
327
278
242
216
195
179
153
79
6
6F
M200-X
350
281
240
212
187
168
153
141
132
124
898
727
624
556
441
372
316
275
245
222
203
173
92
9
6F
M230-X
394
317
271
241
215
196
182
170
160
152
110
891
766
682
538
451
379
327
288
257
238
200
104
3F
M225-X
367
297
255
227
207
191
179
166
156
147
104
826
697
611
488
415
355
312
279
254
234
197
101
210
160
123
990
844
747
667
607
560
522
491
464
334
268
230
203
159
132
113
99
088
179
973
461
733
3
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
to 1
60 v
olt
s p
er
ce
llC
Am
pe
res
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
670
453
356
278
231
200
177
160
147
136
127
120
84
166
155
448
238
031
827
324
121
719
818
315
608
2
6F
M24-X
850
600
460
370
320
279
245
220
202
185
173
158
115
94
077
567
654
044
539
034
531
028
025
621
612
0
6F
M33-X
115
802
615
493
419
370
327
294
269
251
236
223
157
124
104
90
873
463
053
246
241
036
933
628
615
4
6F
M40-X
131
930
733
576
483
420
374
340
313
291
274
259
183
145
122
107
86
073
663
356
050
546
242
836
118
7
6F
M45-X
149
100
778
618
521
457
411
377
350
322
299
280
199
159
134
118
93
078
067
359
653
949
445
838
920
4
6F
M55S
G-X
175
129
994
793
672
592
523
471
431
399
373
351
249
197
167
146
116
98
284
374
466
961
156
547
824
5
6F
M60-X
202
129
115
910
766
670
598
545
503
466
436
410
289
228
191
167
134
114
98
086
678
071
366
056
131
0
6F
M65-X
215
160
125
978
814
705
630
574
530
495
466
442
309
243
203
177
142
121
104
91
982
875
870
159
032
0
6F
M75-X
240
178
137
109
929
818
732
667
617
571
534
502
360
289
246
218
171
143
121
105
93
384
176
765
435
2
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
218
173
137
115
100
892
810
747
696
655
620
445
358
305
270
209
172
146
127
113
102
93
079
142
6
6F
M100-X
229
185
146
123
108
963
874
805
748
701
662
471
375
318
279
224
190
163
143
129
117
108
90
647
0
6F
M120-X
250
196
158
135
120
106
958
877
813
760
716
518
419
360
320
251
210
182
162
146
134
125
105
55
4
6F
M134-X
314
248
197
167
147
130
117
107
988
921
865
624
503
430
382
303
256
216
187
166
149
136
117
62
4
6F
M150-X
360
288
228
193
169
149
135
123
115
108
102
733
589
503
445
347
288
244
212
188
170
155
132
71
0
6F
M175
324
259
220
195
172
154
141
131
122
115
830
670
574
511
401
335
283
246
218
197
180
154
80
0
6F
M200-X
360
290
248
220
194
174
159
147
136
128
928
752
646
576
455
382
323
280
249
224
204
175
93
4
6F
M230-X
405
324
275
242
217
200
186
174
163
155
111
899
771
685
540
454
380
328
289
260
239
203
105
3F
M225-X
390
314
269
238
215
198
184
172
161
153
108
848
711
620
495
420
359
315
283
257
237
202
103
222
169
134
106
896
786
705
644
596
551
514
483
344
275
232
204
161
135
115
99
989
280
673
862
133
5
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
87
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
70 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
630
431
335
263
219
190
169
153
140
130
123
116
80
262
251
544
335
830
726
122
820
318
317
314
707
7
6F
M24-X
740
525
405
328
283
247
220
198
181
167
157
144
107
86
572
363
150
842
437
033
029
526
924
821
011
7
6F
M33-X
990
730
545
439
375
332
298
272
252
236
223
212
148
116
97
384
570
161
552
145
340
336
333
228
415
2
6F
M40-X
119
837
667
528
445
390
353
326
305
284
266
252
177
140
117
102
82
771
161
454
549
345
342
135
218
4
6F
M45-X
134
900
730
584
497
439
387
349
319
300
285
272
193
153
129
113
89
475
265
358
252
948
745
338
520
2
6F
M55S
G-X
155
115
906
731
626
556
492
444
407
377
353
333
236
188
158
139
111
94
081
372
265
460
055
847
224
1
6F
M60-X
180
133
105
840
714
630
564
515
476
442
415
392
277
220
185
163
129
109
93
382
073
667
061
853
629
3
6F
M65-X
191
143
114
902
758
663
594
542
501
467
438
415
292
231
194
169
135
115
99
287
979
572
967
657
530
6
6F
M75-X
206
158
122
994
860
770
676
605
550
518
491
469
339
275
236
210
166
139
118
103
91
883
076
064
634
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
186
153
121
103
900
805
734
679
631
592
560
405
328
281
250
198
167
142
124
111
100
91
878
142
0
6F
M100-X
200
164
130
110
960
861
788
730
684
646
615
444
358
306
272
215
180
155
137
124
113
105
89
345
9
6F
M120-X
223
187
150
127
112
999
909
838
782
735
697
504
407
349
310
245
207
178
158
142
131
122
104
53
9
6F
M134-X
280
231
187
160
142
125
112
102
940
875
821
595
481
413
368
290
243
207
181
162
147
135
115
61
8
6F
M150-X
313
259
210
180
160
142
129
118
109
102
963
701
569
491
438
337
276
235
205
183
166
152
129
69
6
6F
M175
298
241
206
183
162
146
134
123
115
108
788
641
553
494
386
321
273
239
213
193
177
152
78
9
6F
M200-X
337
271
232
206
182
163
149
137
128
120
875
713
615
550
435
366
311
272
243
220
202
172
92
5
6F
M230-X
383
311
268
240
214
195
180
168
158
150
109
883
760
678
535
449
377
325
286
256
236
199
103
3F
M225-X
358
294
255
230
207
190
176
161
149
139
998
804
687
610
484
408
349
307
275
251
231
194
99
0
196
151
119
954
815
723
648
592
549
509
475
448
325
263
226
202
158
132
113
98
187
879
572
961
432
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
75
vo
lts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
601
419
320
254
214
187
166
150
138
126
116
108
75
959
750
143
635
230
125
622
319
918
017
214
607
7
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
878
690
520
424
366
328
292
266
245
228
214
203
143
113
94
682
565
855
847
942
238
034
633
128
215
2
6F
M40-X
110
791
649
515
434
380
343
315
293
275
261
249
174
137
114
99
581
170
060
253
348
144
040
734
818
2
6F
M45-X
118
850
690
545
457
399
362
334
312
295
281
269
190
151
127
111
87
873
863
455
950
446
045
138
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
145
106
858
698
602
538
477
432
396
368
344
325
231
183
155
136
109
92
380
071
264
659
555
446
924
0
6F
M60-X
167
123
994
802
686
609
546
499
462
433
409
389
274
217
183
160
127
107
91
881
072
966
661
552
328
1
6F
M65-X
178
132
108
871
746
662
592
539
498
462
433
409
288
228
192
167
133
113
97
486
277
871
366
156
229
7
6F
M75-X
195
151
117
961
834
736
659
590
537
503
476
453
330
268
231
206
162
135
115
101
90
482
175
564
234
6
6F
M80-X
184
143
113
918
786
698
620
562
516
479
449
424
310
253
219
196
155
130
111
97
286
778
672
561
032
7
6F
M90T-X
175
142
114
982
873
780
710
655
611
576
546
394
318
272
242
192
162
138
121
109
98
991
077
441
7
6F
M100-X
187
153
123
105
930
837
767
713
670
634
605
437
353
302
269
210
175
151
134
121
111
103
87
645
0
6F
M120-X
210
179
144
122
108
964
878
810
756
712
675
490
398
342
305
240
200
173
154
140
129
121
103
53
1
6F
M134-X
257
214
177
154
139
122
110
998
920
855
802
582
471
405
361
283
236
202
178
160
146
135
114
61
7
6F
M150-X
288
240
198
173
156
138
125
114
106
990
934
684
559
484
434
332
270
230
202
181
164
151
128
69
1
6F
M175
280
229
198
178
157
142
130
120
112
105
768
626
541
484
378
315
269
236
211
191
176
151
78
5
6F
M200-X
319
260
224
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
852
693
598
534
425
360
307
269
241
219
201
171
92
0
6F
M230-X
372
304
263
236
211
193
178
166
157
149
108
873
750
668
530
446
375
323
285
255
231
198
103
3F
M225-X
345
282
244
219
196
178
165
155
148
141
101
803
682
601
475
400
343
302
271
247
228
191
98
0
685
488
378
306
264
231
208
186
171
157
148
137
102
82
869
660
949
141
336
032
328
826
424
420
711
6
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
109
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
C
to 1
80 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
574
408
310
245
206
180
161
146
135
123
113
105
73
958
449
042
834
429
324
921
819
517
717
014
507
6
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
795
600
495
407
354
319
284
258
238
222
209
198
140
111
93
581
865
155
047
041
337
033
733
028
115
1
6F
M40-X
101
719
587
475
408
363
331
308
289
269
252
238
168
132
111
97
279
068
058
752
047
043
140
034
017
9
6F
M45-X
114
800
660
525
444
390
354
326
305
289
276
265
187
148
125
109
86
673
062
755
449
945
645
038
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
134
998
795
657
574
519
461
418
384
357
335
317
225
179
151
133
107
90
678
770
363
959
055
046
523
8
6F
M60-X
155
112
920
754
654
587
528
484
449
416
388
366
259
205
173
15
2123
105
90
079
371
365
060
051
026
8
6F
M65-X
165
120
100
809
694
618
556
509
473
437
407
383
273
218
185
16
3130
111
95
784
776
570
165
055
328
6
6F
M75-X
180
139
112
926
809
731
646
583
533
493
461
434
316
257
222
198
157
133
114
99
989
581
475
063
834
3
6F
M80-X
171
134
106
869
752
675
601
546
503
469
440
417
302
244
209
18
6149
127
109
95
485
778
172
60
632
5
6F
M90T-X
163
132
108
938
842
751
683
630
588
553
524
378
304
260
23
1185
157
135
119
107
97
490
076
541
2
6F
M100-X
175
143
117
101
910
820
753
700
650
608
574
414
333
285
253
202
172
148
131
118
108
100
85
044
2
6F
M120-X
197
167
137
118
106
944
857
789
735
691
654
468
374
318
28
1226
193
168
150
136
126
120
102
52
4
6F
M134-X
235
197
166
147
134
118
106
967
892
831
780
566
459
395
352
276
230
198
175
158
145
134
113
61
4
6F
M150-X
264
222
186
164
150
133
120
110
102
958
905
660
537
463
41
4321
265
227
199
179
163
150
127
68
7
6F
M175
246
207
184
169
150
136
125
116
108
102
742
602
518
46
2367
310
265
233
209
190
175
150
78
0
6F
M200-X
269
228
203
187
167
152
140
130
121
114
825
668
573
51
0413
354
303
266
239
217
200
170
91
6
6F
M230-X
360
297
259
233
209
190
176
164
155
147
107
866
745
665
526
443
372
321
283
254
230
197
102
3F
M225-X
299
249
219
199
181
168
157
145
135
126
906
726
619
547
450
391
336
296
267
243
225
188
96
0
630
450
350
285
245
215
195
175
160
148
140
130
98
079
067
058
647
540
235
031
528
025
824
020
411
4
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Wa
tts
pe
r c
ell
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
133
836
650
517
436
383
345
316
294
270
250
234
163
127
105
91
073
362
752
845
740
436
232
928
115
5
6F
M24-X
150
107
822
662
573
500
440
396
365
335
315
290
215
177
148
130
105
88
377
568
661
755
851
143
224
2
6F
M33-X
215
150
117
948
814
724
645
585
538
486
444
409
292
233
198
174
142
122
103
90
280
272
566
356
430
4
6F
M40-X
251
177
141
117
103
929
831
757
700
642
595
556
393
312
263
230
180
150
129
115
102
92
987
173
839
7
6F
M45-X
263
187
147
123
108
986
883
806
746
684
634
592
419
332
280
245
191
158
135
119
107
97
790
276
941
4
6F
M55S
G-X
318
229
182
146
125
111
100
917
853
787
734
689
490
391
331
291
227
188
162
143
129
118
109
92
550
6
6F
M60-X
350
259
200
161
138
122
110
101
941
875
821
776
556
445
374
330
263
222
191
166
148
133
122
103
55
2
6F
M65-X
381
282
222
177
150
132
117
106
980
911
855
808
577
461
391
345
272
228
196
173
155
142
131
111
59
8
6F
M75-X
413
314
246
202
175
158
142
129
120
110
102
957
679
541
457
402
318
268
229
201
180
164
151
128
69
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
373
308
249
213
189
170
156
145
134
125
117
828
655
552
483
383
323
276
242
217
197
181
154
82
8
6F
M100-X
392
321
260
223
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
884
706
600
528
422
358
306
269
242
22
203
174
92
5
6F
M120-X
449
370
299
256
227
204
186
172
160
149
141
100
796
673
592
469
395
341
303
274
251
233
210
110
6F
M134-X
566
474
381
324
287
252
226
206
189
175
163
117
946
809
718
566
474
406
357
320
292
269
229
123
6F
M150-X
637
542
438
375
333
295
266
243
223
206
192
138
111
953
845
663
554
471
412
368
333
305
256
138
6F
M175
584
476
411
368
325
293
269
246
227
211
154
125
108
968
764
642
546
477
426
386
354
303
158
6F
M200-X
625
514
447
402
356
321
294
268
247
230
170
139
121
109
865
730
621
543
484
438
402
342
184
6F
M230-X
680
585
514
469
423
388
361
335
314
296
213
172
147
131
104
867
730
632
559
502
456
392
208
3F
M225-X
677
581
511
465
414
377
348
320
298
279
201
162
138
123
971
817
695
608
543
493
452
385
207
390
291
232
191
166
149
132
121
112
103
945
887
635
509
433
383
301
251
216
191
172
157
145
123
65
7
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
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alu
es
ob
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ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
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e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
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e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
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e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
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ve c
ha
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da
ta a
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ith
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ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
87
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
70 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
630
431
335
263
219
190
169
153
140
130
123
116
80
262
251
544
335
830
726
122
820
318
317
314
707
7
6F
M24-X
740
525
405
328
283
247
220
198
181
167
157
144
107
86
572
363
150
842
437
033
029
526
924
821
011
7
6F
M33-X
990
730
545
439
375
332
298
272
252
236
223
212
148
116
97
384
570
161
552
145
340
336
333
228
415
2
6F
M40-X
119
837
667
528
445
390
353
326
305
284
266
252
177
140
117
102
82
771
161
454
549
345
342
135
218
4
6F
M45-X
134
900
730
584
497
439
387
349
319
300
285
272
193
153
129
113
89
475
265
358
252
948
745
338
520
2
6F
M55S
G-X
155
115
906
731
626
556
492
444
407
377
353
333
236
188
158
139
111
94
081
372
265
460
055
847
224
1
6F
M60-X
180
133
105
840
714
630
564
515
476
442
415
392
277
220
185
163
129
109
93
382
073
667
061
853
629
3
6F
M65-X
191
143
114
902
758
663
594
542
501
467
438
415
292
231
194
169
135
115
99
287
979
572
967
657
530
6
6F
M75-X
206
158
122
994
860
770
676
605
550
518
491
469
339
275
236
210
166
139
118
103
91
883
076
064
634
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
186
153
121
103
900
805
734
679
631
592
560
405
328
281
250
198
167
142
124
111
100
91
878
142
0
6F
M100-X
200
164
130
110
960
861
788
730
684
646
615
444
358
306
272
215
180
155
137
124
113
105
89
345
9
6F
M120-X
223
187
150
127
112
999
909
838
782
735
697
504
407
349
310
245
207
178
158
142
131
122
104
53
9
6F
M134-X
280
231
187
160
142
125
112
102
940
875
821
595
481
413
368
290
243
207
181
162
147
135
115
61
8
6F
M150-X
313
259
210
180
160
142
129
118
109
102
963
701
569
491
438
337
276
235
205
183
166
152
129
69
6
6F
M175
298
241
206
183
162
146
134
123
115
108
788
641
553
494
386
321
273
239
213
193
177
152
78
9
6F
M200-X
337
271
232
206
182
163
149
137
128
120
875
713
615
550
435
366
311
272
243
220
202
172
92
5
6F
M230-X
383
311
268
240
214
195
180
168
158
150
109
883
760
678
535
449
377
325
286
256
236
199
103
3F
M225-X
358
294
255
230
207
190
176
161
149
139
998
804
687
610
484
408
349
307
275
251
231
194
99
0
196
151
119
954
815
723
648
592
549
509
475
448
325
263
226
202
158
132
113
98
187
879
572
961
432
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
C
(
Am
pe
res
) a
t 2
5 t
o 1
75
vo
lts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
6F
M17-X
601
419
320
254
214
187
166
150
138
126
116
108
75
959
750
143
635
230
125
622
319
918
017
214
607
7
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
878
690
520
424
366
328
292
266
245
228
214
203
143
113
94
682
565
855
847
942
238
034
633
128
215
2
6F
M40-X
110
791
649
515
434
380
343
315
293
275
261
249
174
137
114
99
581
170
060
253
348
144
040
734
818
2
6F
M45-X
118
850
690
545
457
399
362
334
312
295
281
269
190
151
127
111
87
873
863
455
950
446
045
138
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
145
106
858
698
602
538
477
432
396
368
344
325
231
183
155
136
109
92
380
071
264
659
555
446
924
0
6F
M60-X
167
123
994
802
686
609
546
499
462
433
409
389
274
217
183
160
127
107
91
881
072
966
661
552
328
1
6F
M65-X
178
132
108
871
746
662
592
539
498
462
433
409
288
228
192
167
133
113
97
486
277
871
366
156
229
7
6F
M75-X
195
151
117
961
834
736
659
590
537
503
476
453
330
268
231
206
162
135
115
101
90
482
175
564
234
6
6F
M80-X
184
143
113
918
786
698
620
562
516
479
449
424
310
253
219
196
155
130
111
97
286
778
672
561
032
7
6F
M90T-X
175
142
114
982
873
780
710
655
611
576
546
394
318
272
242
192
162
138
121
109
98
991
077
441
7
6F
M100-X
187
153
123
105
930
837
767
713
670
634
605
437
353
302
269
210
175
151
134
121
111
103
87
645
0
6F
M120-X
210
179
144
122
108
964
878
810
756
712
675
490
398
342
305
240
200
173
154
140
129
121
103
53
1
6F
M134-X
257
214
177
154
139
122
110
998
920
855
802
582
471
405
361
283
236
202
178
160
146
135
114
61
7
6F
M150-X
288
240
198
173
156
138
125
114
106
990
934
684
559
484
434
332
270
230
202
181
164
151
128
69
1
6F
M175
280
229
198
178
157
142
130
120
112
105
768
626
541
484
378
315
269
236
211
191
176
151
78
5
6F
M200-X
319
260
224
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
852
693
598
534
425
360
307
269
241
219
201
171
92
0
6F
M230-X
372
304
263
236
211
193
178
166
157
149
108
873
750
668
530
446
375
323
285
255
231
198
103
3F
M225-X
345
282
244
219
196
178
165
155
148
141
101
803
682
601
475
400
343
302
271
247
228
191
98
0
685
488
378
306
264
231
208
186
171
157
148
137
102
82
869
660
949
141
336
032
328
826
424
420
711
6
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
109
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
C
to 1
80 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
574
408
310
245
206
180
161
146
135
123
113
105
73
958
449
042
834
429
324
921
819
517
717
014
507
6
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
795
600
495
407
354
319
284
258
238
222
209
198
140
111
93
581
865
155
047
041
337
033
733
028
115
1
6F
M40-X
101
719
587
475
408
363
331
308
289
269
252
238
168
132
111
97
279
068
058
752
047
043
140
034
017
9
6F
M45-X
114
800
660
525
444
390
354
326
305
289
276
265
187
148
125
109
86
673
062
755
449
945
645
038
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
134
998
795
657
574
519
461
418
384
357
335
317
225
179
151
133
107
90
678
770
363
959
055
046
523
8
6F
M60-X
155
112
920
754
654
587
528
484
449
416
388
366
259
205
173
15
2123
105
90
079
371
365
060
051
026
8
6F
M65-X
165
120
100
809
694
618
556
509
473
437
407
383
273
218
185
16
3130
111
95
784
776
570
165
055
328
6
6F
M75-X
180
139
112
926
809
731
646
583
533
493
461
434
316
257
222
198
157
133
114
99
989
581
475
063
834
3
6F
M80-X
171
134
106
869
752
675
601
546
503
469
440
417
302
244
209
18
6149
127
109
95
485
778
172
60
632
5
6F
M90T-X
163
132
108
938
842
751
683
630
588
553
524
378
304
260
23
1185
157
135
119
107
97
490
076
541
2
6F
M100-X
175
143
117
101
910
820
753
700
650
608
574
414
333
285
253
202
172
148
131
118
108
100
85
044
2
6F
M120-X
197
167
137
118
106
944
857
789
735
691
654
468
374
318
28
1226
193
168
150
136
126
120
102
52
4
6F
M134-X
235
197
166
147
134
118
106
967
892
831
780
566
459
395
352
276
230
198
175
158
145
134
113
61
4
6F
M150-X
264
222
186
164
150
133
120
110
102
958
905
660
537
463
41
4321
265
227
199
179
163
150
127
68
7
6F
M175
246
207
184
169
150
136
125
116
108
102
742
602
518
46
2367
310
265
233
209
190
175
150
78
0
6F
M200-X
269
228
203
187
167
152
140
130
121
114
825
668
573
51
0413
354
303
266
239
217
200
170
91
6
6F
M230-X
360
297
259
233
209
190
176
164
155
147
107
866
745
665
526
443
372
321
283
254
230
197
102
3F
M225-X
299
249
219
199
181
168
157
145
135
126
906
726
619
547
450
391
336
296
267
243
225
188
96
0
630
450
350
285
245
215
195
175
160
148
140
130
98
079
067
058
647
540
235
031
528
025
824
020
411
4
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Wa
tts
pe
r c
ell
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
133
836
650
517
436
383
345
316
294
270
250
234
163
127
105
91
073
362
752
845
740
436
232
928
115
5
6F
M24-X
150
107
822
662
573
500
440
396
365
335
315
290
215
177
148
130
105
88
377
568
661
755
851
143
224
2
6F
M33-X
215
150
117
948
814
724
645
585
538
486
444
409
292
233
198
174
142
122
103
90
280
272
566
356
430
4
6F
M40-X
251
177
141
117
103
929
831
757
700
642
595
556
393
312
263
230
180
150
129
115
102
92
987
173
839
7
6F
M45-X
263
187
147
123
108
986
883
806
746
684
634
592
419
332
280
245
191
158
135
119
107
97
790
276
941
4
6F
M55S
G-X
318
229
182
146
125
111
100
917
853
787
734
689
490
391
331
291
227
188
162
143
129
118
109
92
550
6
6F
M60-X
350
259
200
161
138
122
110
101
941
875
821
776
556
445
374
330
263
222
191
166
148
133
122
103
55
2
6F
M65-X
381
282
222
177
150
132
117
106
980
911
855
808
577
461
391
345
272
228
196
173
155
142
131
111
59
8
6F
M75-X
413
314
246
202
175
158
142
129
120
110
102
957
679
541
457
402
318
268
229
201
180
164
151
128
69
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
373
308
249
213
189
170
156
145
134
125
117
828
655
552
483
383
323
276
242
217
197
181
154
82
8
6F
M100-X
392
321
260
223
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
884
706
600
528
422
358
306
269
242
22
203
174
92
5
6F
M120-X
449
370
299
256
227
204
186
172
160
149
141
100
796
673
592
469
395
341
303
274
251
233
210
110
6F
M134-X
566
474
381
324
287
252
226
206
189
175
163
117
946
809
718
566
474
406
357
320
292
269
229
123
6F
M150-X
637
542
438
375
333
295
266
243
223
206
192
138
111
953
845
663
554
471
412
368
333
305
256
138
6F
M175
584
476
411
368
325
293
269
246
227
211
154
125
108
968
764
642
546
477
426
386
354
303
158
6F
M200-X
625
514
447
402
356
321
294
268
247
230
170
139
121
109
865
730
621
543
484
438
402
342
184
6F
M230-X
680
585
514
469
423
388
361
335
314
296
213
172
147
131
104
867
730
632
559
502
456
392
208
3F
M225-X
677
581
511
465
414
377
348
320
298
279
201
162
138
123
971
817
695
608
543
493
452
385
207
390
291
232
191
166
149
132
121
112
103
945
887
635
509
433
383
301
251
216
191
172
157
145
123
65
7
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
109
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
eo
( A
mp
ere
s )
at
25
C
to 1
80 v
olt
s p
er
ce
ll
6F
M17-X
574
408
310
245
206
180
161
146
135
123
113
105
73
958
449
042
834
429
324
921
819
517
717
014
507
6
6F
M24-X
6F
M33-X
795
600
495
407
354
319
284
258
238
222
209
198
140
111
93
581
865
155
047
041
337
033
733
028
115
1
6F
M40-X
101
719
587
475
408
363
331
308
289
269
252
238
168
132
111
97
279
068
058
752
047
043
140
034
017
9
6F
M45-X
114
800
660
525
444
390
354
326
305
289
276
265
187
148
125
109
86
673
062
755
449
945
645
038
320
1
6F
M55S
G-X
134
998
795
657
574
519
461
418
384
357
335
317
225
179
151
133
107
90
678
770
363
959
055
046
523
8
6F
M60-X
155
112
920
754
654
587
528
484
449
416
388
366
259
205
173
15
2123
105
90
079
371
365
060
051
026
8
6F
M65-X
165
120
100
809
694
618
556
509
473
437
407
383
273
218
185
16
3130
111
95
784
776
570
165
055
328
6
6F
M75-X
180
139
112
926
809
731
646
583
533
493
461
434
316
257
222
198
157
133
114
99
989
581
475
063
834
3
6F
M80-X
171
134
106
869
752
675
601
546
503
469
440
417
302
244
209
18
6149
127
109
95
485
778
172
60
632
5
6F
M90T-X
163
132
108
938
842
751
683
630
588
553
524
378
304
260
23
1185
157
135
119
107
97
490
076
541
2
6F
M100-X
175
143
117
101
910
820
753
700
650
608
574
414
333
285
253
202
172
148
131
118
108
100
85
044
2
6F
M120-X
197
167
137
118
106
944
857
789
735
691
654
468
374
318
28
1226
193
168
150
136
126
120
102
52
4
6F
M134-X
235
197
166
147
134
118
106
967
892
831
780
566
459
395
352
276
230
198
175
158
145
134
113
61
4
6F
M150-X
264
222
186
164
150
133
120
110
102
958
905
660
537
463
41
4321
265
227
199
179
163
150
127
68
7
6F
M175
246
207
184
169
150
136
125
116
108
102
742
602
518
46
2367
310
265
233
209
190
175
150
78
0
6F
M200-X
269
228
203
187
167
152
140
130
121
114
825
668
573
51
0413
354
303
266
239
217
200
170
91
6
6F
M230-X
360
297
259
233
209
190
176
164
155
147
107
866
745
665
526
443
372
321
283
254
230
197
102
3F
M225-X
299
249
219
199
181
168
157
145
135
126
906
726
619
547
450
391
336
296
267
243
225
188
96
0
630
450
350
285
245
215
195
175
160
148
140
130
98
079
067
058
647
540
235
031
528
025
824
020
411
4
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Wa
tts
pe
r c
ell
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
133
836
650
517
436
383
345
316
294
270
250
234
163
127
105
91
073
362
752
845
740
436
232
928
115
5
6F
M24-X
150
107
822
662
573
500
440
396
365
335
315
290
215
177
148
130
105
88
377
568
661
755
851
143
224
2
6F
M33-X
215
150
117
948
814
724
645
585
538
486
444
409
292
233
198
174
142
122
103
90
280
272
566
356
430
4
6F
M40-X
251
177
141
117
103
929
831
757
700
642
595
556
393
312
263
230
180
150
129
115
102
92
987
173
839
7
6F
M45-X
263
187
147
123
108
986
883
806
746
684
634
592
419
332
280
245
191
158
135
119
107
97
790
276
941
4
6F
M55S
G-X
318
229
182
146
125
111
100
917
853
787
734
689
490
391
331
291
227
188
162
143
129
118
109
92
550
6
6F
M60-X
350
259
200
161
138
122
110
101
941
875
821
776
556
445
374
330
263
222
191
166
148
133
122
103
55
2
6F
M65-X
381
282
222
177
150
132
117
106
980
911
855
808
577
461
391
345
272
228
196
173
155
142
131
111
59
8
6F
M75-X
413
314
246
202
175
158
142
129
120
110
102
957
679
541
457
402
318
268
229
201
180
164
151
128
69
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
373
308
249
213
189
170
156
145
134
125
117
828
655
552
483
383
323
276
242
217
197
181
154
82
8
6F
M100-X
392
321
260
223
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
884
706
600
528
422
358
306
269
242
22
203
174
92
5
6F
M120-X
449
370
299
256
227
204
186
172
160
149
141
100
796
673
592
469
395
341
303
274
251
233
210
110
6F
M134-X
566
474
381
324
287
252
226
206
189
175
163
117
946
809
718
566
474
406
357
320
292
269
229
123
6F
M150-X
637
542
438
375
333
295
266
243
223
206
192
138
111
953
845
663
554
471
412
368
333
305
256
138
6F
M175
584
476
411
368
325
293
269
246
227
211
154
125
108
968
764
642
546
477
426
386
354
303
158
6F
M200-X
625
514
447
402
356
321
294
268
247
230
170
139
121
109
865
730
621
543
484
438
402
342
184
6F
M230-X
680
585
514
469
423
388
361
335
314
296
213
172
147
131
104
867
730
632
559
502
456
392
208
3F
M225-X
677
581
511
465
414
377
348
320
298
279
201
162
138
123
971
817
695
608
543
493
452
385
207
390
291
232
191
166
149
132
121
112
103
945
887
635
509
433
383
301
251
216
191
172
157
145
123
65
7
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
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e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
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e c
ha
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dis
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ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
1211
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
65 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
127
822
646
512
432
378
341
313
291
267
248
232
161
126
104
90
172
562
052
345
340
136
032
828
015
2
6F
M24-X
141
101
777
627
542
474
420
378
348
320
302
279
208
171
143
126
102
86
275
667
260
354
850
442
723
9
6F
M33-X
207
145
110
897
775
693
624
572
532
481
440
405
289
231
196
173
139
119
101
88
078
370
764
755
129
6
6F
M40-X
233
163
128
105
919
829
747
686
638
588
546
512
365
291
247
217
170
141
122
109
99
091
285
072
539
0
6F
M45-X
246
174
140
113
975
869
786
724
676
625
583
548
388
308
260
228
178
148
128
114
103
94
888
174
940
4
6F
M55S
G-X
300
225
177
143
123
109
983
903
840
773
719
673
479
382
324
285
223
186
160
141
128
117
108
91
949
5
6F
M60-X
337
248
190
153
131
116
106
985
926
859
804
758
543
436
371
328
261
221
188
164
146
132
121
102
54
9
6F
M65-X
359
267
206
166
143
127
114
104
965
895
838
790
564
451
383
338
268
226
194
171
153
140
129
110
59
0
6F
M75-X
403
300
241
197
170
153
138
127
118
108
100
936
664
528
446
392
313
266
226
198
177
160
147
125
67
4
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
364
303
241
205
180
162
149
139
128
119
112
801
641
546
482
380
319
272
238
213
193
177
151
81
3
6F
M100-X
379
315
252
213
188
170
156
146
135
125
118
845
678
578
512
413
354
303
267
239
218
201
171
92
0
6F
M120-X
426
358
289
248
220
199
183
171
158
147
137
970
768
647
566
455
389
337
299
271
249
232
201
108
6F
M134-X
529
433
347
295
261
235
215
200
183
169
158
114
922
791
703
557
470
401
352
315
286
263
224
121
6F
M150-X
614
504
404
344
304
274
252
235
215
199
186
135
109
941
839
653
541
459
400
356
321
294
250
135
6F
M175
554
451
388
347
310
282
261
239
221
206
151
123
106
955
752
631
535
466
415
375
343
294
153
6F
M200-X
604
497
433
390
345
312
286
262
242
225
166
137
119
107
851
720
611
533
474
428
392
333
179
6F
M230-X
673
570
507
466
420
386
359
333
312
294
212
171
147
130
103
864
728
630
557
500
454
390
205
3F
M225-X
650
539
472
428
382
348
321
299
280
265
192
156
134
119
954
811
689
602
537
486
445
378
204
378
279
225
184
158
141
128
118
110
101
936
880
626
498
421
370
293
247
212
186
167
153
141
120
64
8
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
118
808
630
501
424
372
336
308
287
264
246
230
160
124
103
89
071
661
251
644
839
735
732
527
815
1
6F
M24-X
131
943
731
592
512
448
399
359
330
305
289
268
201
164
139
122
99
584
273
765
858
953
849
742
123
7
6F
M33-X
185
136
107
858
730
645
588
545
512
467
430
399
284
226
191
168
135
115
97
485
276
068
863
153
628
9
6F
M40-X
215
155
124
102
890
803
718
655
605
564
531
503
356
283
238
209
165
139
121
108
97
990
384
271
638
5
6F
M45-X
232
166
135
109
940
838
759
699
653
608
571
540
383
304
257
225
176
147
127
112
101
93
086
373
439
5
6F
M55S
G-X
281
213
169
138
119
107
964
885
823
757
703
658
469
374
317
279
218
182
157
139
125
114
106
90
248
5
6F
M60-X
317
234
187
151
129
114
104
965
907
841
786
741
531
426
363
321
256
217
185
162
144
131
120
102
54
8
6F
M65-X
337
252
197
158
134
118
108
100
945
876
819
772
555
446
381
337
266
224
192
169
152
139
128
109
58
8
6F
M75-X
375
290
237
191
163
145
131
120
111
103
957
898
644
516
440
389
308
260
221
194
173
157
144
123
66
1
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
345
284
227
194
171
153
140
129
120
113
107
769
618
528
468
372
315
268
234
209
190
174
148
79
9
6F
M100-X
360
299
241
206
183
163
149
137
128
121
114
826
668
573
509
410
350
300
264
238
217
200
170
91
3
6F
M120-X
404
346
280
240
213
189
171
157
147
138
131
930
740
626
550
446
383
332
296
268
247
230
197
106
6F
M134-X
512
427
343
292
258
231
211
195
179
165
154
112
906
780
695
548
459
392
344
308
279
257
218
117
6F
M150-X
566
469
385
334
300
270
247
229
210
194
181
132
108
931
833
645
532
451
393
350
316
289
246
132
6F
M175
528
434
378
341
304
276
254
233
215
201
148
121
105
942
742
622
527
459
408
368
337
289
150
6F
M200-X
586
484
423
382
338
305
279
256
237
221
163
134
117
105
839
712
603
525
466
420
384
326
176
6F
M230-X
666
564
503
462
417
383
357
331
309
291
210
169
145
129
102
861
725
628
555
498
452
388
202
3F
M225-X
629
521
456
413
371
340
315
293
275
259
186
150
128
113
927
805
683
596
531
480
439
373
201
351
269
221
179
153
136
122
113
105
972
900
844
604
483
411
364
288
243
208
184
165
150
139
118
63
9
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
1413
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
115
793
620
494
418
367
331
305
284
261
243
227
158
123
102
88
370
960
551
144
339
335
332
227
615
0
6F
M24-X
122
879
686
557
481
421
379
341
313
290
275
256
194
158
134
118
96
882
171
764
357
452
848
941
623
4
6F
M33-X
170
132
103
826
707
627
569
525
491
451
418
391
276
218
183
160
131
113
96
083
874
767
762
052
728
4
6F
M40-X
198
148
120
989
862
777
698
639
593
554
522
495
351
278
235
206
163
137
119
106
95
888
282
169
837
6
6F
M45-X
212
156
127
104
909
818
742
686
641
597
561
531
377
300
254
223
174
145
125
110
99
691
184
471
738
6
6F
M55S
G-X
261
200
162
134
116
105
945
866
805
740
687
643
458
366
310
273
215
180
155
137
123
112
104
88
447
6
6F
M60-X
296
220
183
148
126
112
102
945
887
822
768
724
519
417
355
314
251
214
182
160
143
130
119
101
54
6
6F
M65-X
315
237
193
155
131
116
106
983
924
856
800
754
539
432
367
324
259
220
189
167
150
137
127
108
58
4
6F
M75-X
356
274
223
183
158
142
129
119
111
101
932
865
624
503
431
383
306
260
221
193
172
155
142
120
64
8
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
343
281
224
190
167
150
138
128
118
110
103
742
598
512
454
362
307
262
229
205
186
171
146
78
4
6F
M100-X
353
294
236
200
177
159
145
134
125
117
111
800
645
553
491
399
344
294
259
233
212
196
167
89
8
6F
M120-X
383
334
270
232
206
184
167
154
143
135
128
910
726
615
541
437
374
325
291
265
244
228
193
104
6F
M134-X
483
414
334
286
254
227
208
192
176
163
152
110
895
769
686
537
448
383
336
301
274
252
214
115
6F
M150-X
532
444
369
324
294
264
242
224
205
190
177
130
106
916
821
634
521
442
386
344
311
285
242
130
6F
M175
511
422
369
333
297
270
249
228
211
197
144
118
102
916
726
612
518
451
401
362
331
284
147
6F
M200-X
578
475
413
372
330
299
274
251
233
217
159
130
113
101
818
702
593
516
458
412
376
319
172
6F
M230-X
658
558
499
459
415
381
355
328
306
288
208
168
144
128
101
858
722
625
552
496
450
387
201
3F
M225-X
608
502
438
396
358
330
308
286
268
254
183
147
126
112
914
790
671
586
522
473
433
368
198
331
258
209
172
149
134
121
111
103
945
884
831
595
477
406
359
285
241
206
181
162
148
136
115
63
0
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
25
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
6F
M17-X
111
779
604
482
410
361
326
300
280
258
240
225
156
122
101
87
470
560
350
944
139
135
132
027
014
9
6F
M24-X
112
815
640
522
450
395
358
322
295
275
262
245
187
151
129
114
94
080
069
862
956
051
848
241
023
1
6F
M33-X
155
116
979
795
684
610
558
518
488
446
412
383
268
210
175
152
126
110
93
781
872
865
960
351
327
6
6F
M40-X
186
140
116
955
832
750
677
623
580
542
512
486
344
273
230
202
161
136
117
104
94
386
680
468
436
8
6F
M45-X
203
153
126
103
892
800
727
673
630
587
552
523
372
296
250
220
171
142
122
108
97
389
082
470
137
7
6F
M55S
G-X
248
186
154
129
114
104
930
848
784
726
679
640
454
360
304
267
212
179
153
135
121
111
102
86
546
6
6F
M60-X
277
205
174
142
122
109
100
932
879
811
756
710
509
408
347
307
245
208
178
156
140
127
117
100
54
4
6F
M65-X
294
220
183
149
128
114
104
969
912
847
794
750
534
425
360
317
255
217
187
165
149
136
126
107
57
8
6F
M75-X
341
261
212
176
155
141
126
115
106
975
903
842
611
496
426
380
304
258
218
189
168
151
138
117
63
0
6F
M80-X
6F
M90T-X
314
267
215
184
163
147
134
125
115
107
101
731
591
508
452
359
303
258
225
201
182
167
142
76
6
6F
M100-X
329
279
225
193
171
154
141
131
120
112
104
765
625
541
485
394
340
290
255
228
208
191
162
87
4
6F
M120-X
358
310
254
221
199
178
162
150
140
131
124
886
708
601
530
430
370
321
286
260
239
223
190
102
6F
M134-X
448
391
319
276
247
222
204
189
173
161
150
109
887
764
682
531
440
375
329
294
267
245
208
112
6F
M150-X
498
425
357
316
289
260
238
221
203
188
175
128
104
902
808
622
510
433
378
337
305
279
237
128
6F
M175
490
408
359
327
292
266
246
225
209
195
142
116
998
894
711
602
509
442
393
354
323
277
144
6F
M200-X
554
459
402
364
324
294
270
248
230
215
157
127
110
980
801
693
584
507
449
403
367
312
168
6F
M230-X
649
552
494
455
411
378
352
325
302
284
205
166
142
126
100
854
719
622
550
494
449
385
200
3F
M225-X
572
481
426
389
352
324
302
278
258
242
176
143
123
110
894
770
656
574
513
465
427
363
195
314
248
196
164
144
131
118
108
100
918
851
797
574
463
396
351
280
238
203
178
159
145
133
112
62
1
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
5
min
1
0m
in
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4 0
min
45
min
50
min
5 5
min
1h
1
5h
2
h
25
h
3h
4h
5
h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot th
e m
imim
um
va
lue
s
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
15 16
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Battery
calculations
50KW
10rsquo
P
T
10KW
2h10rsquo
50KW
1h20rsquo
P
T
10KW
A Floating applications
A battery application is characterized by
- A voltage which must be held within certain limits
- A power level which must be delivered
- A set capacity to maintain the load in terms of time
By the use of these three parameters calculations can be
effected as follows
- A situation requires a maximum voltage of 490 volts
a minimum voltage of 378 volts
o- The ambient temperature is 25
- The float voltage is to be 227 volts per cell
Preliminary calculation
The maximum number of cells 490 V 227 V = 216 cells
The minimum voltage per cell at the end of discharge
378 V 216 = 175 volts
Case 1 discharge with a surge at the start of discharge
- The surge power is to be 50 kW for 10 minutes followed by
10 kW for 2 hours
C
Discharge current
During the surge 50000 W378 V = 132 amps
And then 10000 W378 V = 26 amps
Determining the cell required for the current
required
Current flow during surge
(132 A x 10 min) 60 min= 22 Ah
Current flow for 2 hours
26 A x 2 h = 52 Ah
Total capacity drawn 22 Ah + 52 Ah = 74 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 26 amps to supply 74 Ah
7426 = 28hours
From the table of performance characteristics expressed
in terms of the discharge current in amps for 175V end
voltage the cell to give a current of 26 amps for 28
hours is the 6FM100-X
Conclusion In this example it is the total number of Ah
required which determines the battery to be used ie
216 cells36 Batteries of type 6FM100-X
Case 2 discharge with a surge at the end of discharge
(here again it is the surge which dictates the battery to
be used) The continuous power is to be 10 kW for one
hour followed by a surge of 50 kW for 20 minutes
1h
Discharge current
- During the surge 50000 W378 V=132 amps
- Before the surge 10000 W378 V= 26 amps
Capacity drawn in 1 hour 26 A x 1 h = 26 Ah
Capacity drawn during surge (20 min) (132 amps x
20min) 60 min = 435 Ah
Total capacity drawn 695 Ah
Equivalent discharge time at 360 amps to supply 26 Ah
(695132) x 60 min=32 min
From the table of performance characteristics
expressed in terms of the discharge current in amps for
175V end voltage the cell to give a current of 132 amps
for 32 minutes is the 6FM150-X
The battery to be used will consist of 216 cells36
Batteries of type 6FM150-X
B) Accidental deep discharge
This may involve discharge of the battery into indicator
lamps a lower load on the battery than that initially
planned a failure of the charging system a discharged
battery not recharged immediately etc
On a full discharged battery
All of the sulphuric acid has been consumed and the
electrolyte is now entirely water
Sulphation of the plates is at a maximum thus
increasing greatly the internal resistance of the battery
The aqueous solution in which the battery now finds
itself can give rise to the development of lead dendrites
on the separator during recharging and this may cause
the cell to short-circuit internally
Important note
This type of deep discharge will still result in the
premature deterioration of the battery and a significant
effect on its life expectancy
C) Effect of temperature on capacity
The following table gives the correction factor according to
otemperature where the reference temperature is 25 C
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
Battery temperature
o o o o o o o o o o o o-15 C -10 C -5 C 0 C 5 C 10 C 15 C 20 C 25 C 30 C 35 C 40 C
046 052 058 065 071 078 085 093 100 107 115 122
059 064 069 074 080 085 090 095 100 105 109 114
071 075 079 082 086 090 093 097 100 103 106 108
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20
Installation
of the battery Battery storage
17 18
FM General Purpose Applications
Series
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
U = v x NTotal float Float voltage Number of cellsVoltage for one cell
Warning
- The batteries of the VISION FM Series are already
charged when delivered and are fitted with a protective
cap on each terminal They should be unpacked with care
- Avoid short-circuiting terminals of opposite polarity
because these units are capable of discharging at a very
high current especially if the lid or the container is
damaged
- Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided
before switching on noting open circuit voltage
- There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking the battery
- Each shipment of VISION FM Series batteries is
accompanied by a packing list
- The packing list should be checked and the Sales
Department should be told immediately of any missing
items
Setting up the battery racks
- The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
Racks
- Ensure that the stretchers and cross-members are
correctly interlinked
- Take up any irregularity in floor surface using shims
- Ensure that all frame members are correctly interlinked
- Use the adjustable feet to take up irregularities in the
floor surface
- Metal racks should always be connected to the building
earth in accordance with current regulations
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
- Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery- is covered with a layer of insulation
- Is naturally ventilated
Connection of cells
All connections should be insulated
In series
The number of cells in series will determine the total
float of voltage
In parallel
FM batteries of the same Ah rating may be connected in
parallel to give higher current capability This connection in
parallel will be preferably carried out through an
equipotential wiring for an equal current distribution in each
string
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
- Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid the
generation of static potentials
- Use insulated tools
- Place the cells beginning with the least accessible rows
spacing the cells as shown on the drawing
- Consult the drawing for the correct position of the battery
poles (positive=red colour negative = Black colour)
- Before attaching the inter-cell flexible cables check that all
terminals are in the correct position
- The battery cells are connected in series which is with a
positive pole connected to a negative pole
- Use only a damp cotton cloth for cleaning purposes
- Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label Always use insulated
tools for fitting and torque up battery connections
Safety
All installations must comply with the current regulations and
norms
Storage conditions
The battery should be stored away from any moisture or
source of heat
Storage times
The self-discharge of VISION FM Series batteries as a
function of temperature is as follows
o 3 per month at 20 C
o 6 per month at 30 C
o 10 per month at 40 C
In order to ensure that the battery can be charged easily
after a long period of storage it is recommended that
batteries should not be stored for more than the following
periods without recharging
o 6 months at 20 C
o 4 months at 30 C
o 2 months at 40 C
Failure to comply with these recommendations may
compromise the life expectancy of the battery
Determining the state of charge of the battery
The state of charge of the battery can be determined by
measuring the off-load voltage after the battery has
been allowed to rest for 24 hours
Recharging stored batteries
The batteries should be recharged at the float charge
ovoltage to suit the temperature 223-228 volts at 25 C
per cell for a minimum period of 96 hours
The battery will be charged when the charging current
has remained constant for a period of 3 hours
of capacity
oat 20 C
216 215 214 213 213
209 209 209 209 209
206 206 206 206 206
202 202 202 202 202
197 197 197 197 197
o o o o o0 C 10 C 20 C 30 C 40 C
Voltage per cell at differents temperatures
Commissioning- Ensure that batteries are kept at all times in clean and
dry conditions
- Before commissioning the batteries must be charged
at a constant regulated voltage to match the prevailing
temperature for a minimum period of 48 hours
Maintenance- Check the tightening of connections
- Every month it is recommended that the total voltage
at the battery terminals be measured It should be
oNx223-228V at a temperature of 25 C where N is the
number of cells in the battery
- Once each year it is recommended that the voltage of
each cell in the battery should be read off
-A difference of plus or minus 20 between these
individual voltages and the average voltage may be
observed This is due to the gas- recombination
process
- A check on capacity (independent operation on load)
can be performed once or twice per year
Safety When carrying out any work on the battery the
applicable safety standards should be followed
Note it is recommended that a battery log be
maintained and that records should be kept of the total
voltage measurements any mains failures major battery
discharges (current and time) etc
The main factors causing reduction in the life
expectancy of VISION FM Series cells
- Deep discharges
- Poor regulation on the float voltage
- Cycling or micro
- Cycling- poor quality ( smoothing) of the charging current
- High ambient temperature
100
80
60
40
20