f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; gupl;ir njhopdl;gtpay; ghlj;jiw - … technology answers guide...2015 mk; mz;byk;...
TRANSCRIPT
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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f.ngh.j. (c.ju)g; guPl;ir
njhopDl;gtpay; ghlj;Jiw
65 - nghwpapaw; njhopDl;gtpay;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s
guPl;irfSf;fhf jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
CurriculumAssessment
&Evaluation
Teaching LearningN E T S
Ma;T mgptpUj;jpf; fpis>
Njrpa kjpg;gPl;bw;Fk; guPl;rpj;jYf;Fkhd Nrit>
,yq;ifg; guPl;irj; jpizf;fsk;.
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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tpdh tpil tpdh tpil
,yf;fk; ,yf;fk;
01. ''''''''' 26. '''''''''
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f.ngh.j (c.juk;) ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; 2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irfSf;fhf
jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
tpdhj;jhs; I
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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f.ngh.j (c.juk;) ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; 2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irfSf;fhf
jahupf;fg;gl;l khjpup tpdhf;fSf;Fupa
tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
tpdhj;jhs; II
gFjp A - mikg;Gf; fl;Liu
1. Kfg;G epiyg;glk;> gf;f epiyg;glk;> fpilg;glk; Mfpa xt;nthd;iwAk; Neu; tpspk;Gfs;> kiwe;Js;s
tpspk;Gfs;> rha;e;j tpspk;Gfs; Mfpatw;iwr; rupahf tiue;jpUj;jy; ^10 × 3 = 30 Gs;spfs; )
Njhw;wk; jhdg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s tpjk; : Kfg;G epiyg;glj;jpw;F xNu tupirapy; gf;f epiyg;glk;
,Uj;jYk; Kfg;G epiyg;glj;jpw;F xNu tupirap;y;
fpilg;glk; ,Uj;jYk;
(5 × 2 = 10 Gs;spfs;)
rupahd mstpilf;F tiue;jpUj;jy; ^05 Gs;spfs;)
gupkhzq;fs; rupahf ,lg;gl;bUj;jy; ^05 Gs;spfs;)
juT ml;ltiziaj; jahu;nra;jy; ^10 Gs;spfs;)
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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cNyhfk;
nky;YUf;F
mstpil
1 : 1
njhopDl;gf; fy;Y}uptiue;jtu; 2014.10.12
2014.10.13
ngau;
fRd;
epkhyp
tiujy;
,y.
01
Njjp
ghPl;rpj;jtu;
Vw;Wk; Fw;wp
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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2. (i) 1 : 2 : 4 (20 mm) ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) (a) nfhq;fpwPw;wpd; cau;e;jgl;r typikiag; ngWjy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(b) <ur; rhf;if tpupj;jy;> ePiu ,Ljy;> <u kziyg; gad;gLj;jy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) 1. tpw; g+izg; (spring washer) gad;gLj;jy; 2. ,wg;gu; nkj;ij kPJ nghUj;jy; ^08 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) vitNaDk; ,U fiyf; fk;gpfis (phase) khw;wy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(v) njhlf;f Xl;lk; fzprkhd msT ngupjhf ,uhikahy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(vi) 1. rpW Rw;Wilg;ghd; (MCB)$ ntg;g> fhe;j ,lW Mspia
(Thermal & Magnet Protection Switch) ,Ljy; 2. vr;r Xl;lr; Rw;Wilg;ghd; (RCCB)$ Gtpiag; (Earth) gpuNahfpj;jy; ^08 Gs;spfs;&
(vii) Ú ,l msT gw;wpa xU gpur;rpid Vw;gLtjpy;iy. Mifahy;> mfyk; $ba gl;bfisg;
gad;gLj;jp cuha;itf; $l;lj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;
Ú gOJghu;f;Fk;NghJ nraypoe;j gFjpfis mfw;wp ,izg;gjw;fhd Mw;wy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(viii) Fiwe;j msT ,lj;jpy; $ba gug;gsTs;s gl;bfs; njhLifAWtjdhy; eOTk; rhj;jpaf;$W
,optsthjy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(ix) (a) vupnghUs; tYtpdhy; ,af;fg;gLk; vQ;rpd; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(b) kpd; tY ,y;yhjNghJk; gad;gLj;jj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(x) Ú tY CLflj;jg;gLk; J}uj;ij ,optsthf;fy;
Ú CLflj;jg;gLk; re;ju;g;gq;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia ,optsthf;fy;
(tY %yfj;jpypUe;J gad;ghL tiuf;Fk; Neubahf tY CLflj;jy;)
Ú njhFjpapd; RoYk; gFjpfSf;Ff; Fz;L epiwia $ cUsp epiwiag;
gpuNahfpj;jy;
Ú RoYk; jz;L> epiw Mfpatw;Wf;F krFj; jputpaq;fisg; gad;gLj;jy;
(vitNaDk; ,U tplaq;fSf;F 04 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^08 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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3. (i) ^a& cs;s my;yJ Vw;glj;jf;f cz;ikg; gpur;rpidfSf;F kdpj eydpw;fhfj; jPu;it
toq;Ftjd; ve;jputpay; El;gk; cl;gl;l nrad;Kiw ^04 Gs;spfs;&
^b& fw;fhyk;> ,ilau; fhyk;> tptrhaf; fhyk;> ifj;njhopw; fhyk;> jfty;
njhopDl;gtpaw; fhyk; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) ^a& jP> rpy;Y> cNyhfq;fs;> kpd;> Fiwflj;jpfs;> jpuhd;rpw;wu; Nghd;w fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
^04 Gs;spfs;&
^b& fk;khiyapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; JUj;jpf;Fg; gjpyhf kpd; thA Cjpiag; (blower) gad;gLj;jy;> vOj;jhzpiag; gad;gLj;jp Xiy kPJ vOj;Jfisf; Fwpj;Jf; fWg;igj; Nja;f;Fk; njhopDl;gk;
kiwe;J ik gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Ngidapdhy; fljhrp kPJ vOJk; njhopDl;gk;
^04 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) 1' eype;j ntspr;rk; (Poor lighting) 2' Fwpj;jthW cw;gj;jp nra;ahj my;yJ rPuhf;fhj cgfuzq;fs;
3' epjKk; epiwfis cau;j;jy;
4' gpioahd nfhz;zpiy
5' xNu gzpapy; epjKk; <LgLjy;
6' f\;lkhd nfhz;zpiyapy; Ntiy nra;jy;
(,t;tpilfspy; ehd;fpw;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^08 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) 1' Ntiy nra;Ak; ,lj;jpy; Vw;glj;jf;f ,lu;fs; gw;wp mwpe;jpUj;jy;
2' VidNahUf;F mwpTWj;jy;
3' Mgj;Jr; iriffis ntspf;fhl;ly;
4' ghJfhg;G NtypfSk; ghJfhg;Gj; jilfSk;
5' Ntiy nra;Ak; ,lj;jpy; rupahd Kfhik
(,t;tpilfspy; ehd;fpw;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^08 Gs;spfs;&
(v)
jP tif
jPaizfUtpapd; epwKk; cs;slf;fKk;
rptg;G
(ePu; water)
,sk;
kQ;rs;
(Eiu
foam)
fWg;G
(fhgdPnuhl;irl;L)
(CO2)
ePyk;
(Cyu; J}s;)
(dry powder)
fljhrp / kuk; / Jzp √ √ √ √
jPg;gw;wj;jf;f nghUs;fs;>
ngw;Nwhy;> kz;nzz;nza;>
nkOF> jPe;ij> nfhOg;G
× × √ √
kpd; ,lu;fs; × × √ √
nghwpfSk; thfdq;fSk; × × √ √
,lg;gl;Ls;s √ Fwpfspd; vz;zpf;if 10 ,w;F Nkw;gLnkdpd;> ,g;gFjpf;Fg; Gs;sp fpilf;fhJ.
^20 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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(vi) 1. gw;Row;wpiag; gad;gLj;jp khj;jpuk; fzpr;rpiar; rPu;g;gLj;jy;
2. mstPLfis Nkw;gug;GfSf;Fr; rupahfTk; nrq;Fj;jhfTk; msf;f Ntz;ba msthf
,Uj;jy;
3. ,opntz;zpf;if tO ,Ug;gpd;> Fwpj;Jf;nfhz;L thrpg;Gfisj; jpUj;jy;
(,t;tpilfspy; ,uz;bw;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(vii) C = aF + b vdf; nfhs;Nthk;; ,q;F a , b Mfpad khwpypfs;.
cUFepiyapy; 0 = 32a + b 1
nfhjpepiyapy; 100 = 212a + b 2
1 > 2 Mfpatw;wpypUe;J a = 5 9
> b = 160 9
MFk;.
∴ C = 5 F9
− 160 9
= 5 (F − 32) 9
khw;W Kiw :
guidw;W mstpilapy; thrpg;G F Mf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ cUFepiyapypUe;J cs;s gpupg;Gfspd;
vz;zpf;if F − 32° MFk;. guidw;W mstpilapd; 180 gpupg;Gfs; nry;rpa]; mstpilapd;
100 gpupg;GfSf;Fr; rkdhifahy;>
C = 100180
(F − 32°) = 5 (F − 32°) 9
MFk;. ^04 Gs;spfs;&
4. (a) (i) jdp Ms; tpahghuk; ^02 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) cau; juKs;s Jz;lf; fw;fis cw;gj;jp nra;jy;
ngUk; Efu;Nthu; FO ,Uj;jy; ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(b) (i) 1890 ,d; gq;Filikf; fl;lisr;rl;lk; ^02 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) Gjpa Nghl;bahsu;fs; re;ijapy; gpuNtrpj;jy;
Jz;lf; fw;fSf;Fg; gjpyhfg; gad;gLj;jj;jf;f khw;Wg; nghUs;fisr; re;ijapy;
mwpKfQ; nra;jy;
gztPf;fk; mjpfupj;jy; / tUkhd kl;lk; Fiwjy;
tq;fpapdhy; tPL fl;Ltjw;fhf toq;fg;gLk; flid kl;Lg;gLj;jy;
(Vw;Wf;nfhs;sj;jf;f vitNaDk; ,U tplaq;fSf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) Jz;lf; fy;ypd; tpiy
gpujpaPl;Lg; nghUs;fspd; tpiy
Efu;Nthu; tUkhdk;
Efu;Nthu; tpUg;gk;
(vitNaDk; %d;W tplaq;fSf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;;) ^06 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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(iv) Ú cs;s epiyahd nrhj;Jfis tpw;gjd; %yk;
Ú gq;fhsu;fsplkpUe;J Nkyjpf %yjdj;ijr; Nru;g;gjd; %yk;
Ú itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; ,yhgj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp
(vitNaDk; ,U tplaq;fSf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;) ^04 Gs;spfs;&
(v) 1. epiyahd fpuak;
khj epy thlif &. 60 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
khjg; nghwpg; guhkupg;G &. 30 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;& khj Ntjdk; &. 26 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;& epiyahd njhiyNgrpf; fl;lzk; &. 10 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;& nkhj;jk; &. 126 000 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
2. khWk; fpuak; %yg;nghUs;fspd; tpiy &. 22 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
ciog;G &. 08 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
khWk; Nke;jiy &. 06 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
nkhj;jk; &. 36 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
3. gq;fspg;G = tpw;gid tpiy − khWk; fpuak; ^02 Gs;spfs;& = &. 42 − &. 36 = &. 6 ^02 Gs;spfs;&
4. ,yhgr; rkg;ghl;Lg; Gs;sp = epiyahd fpuak; $ gq;fspg;G ^02 Gs;spfs;&
= &. 126 000/ &. 6 = 21 000 myFfs; ^02 Gs;spfs;&
5. Xu; myfpd; tpw;gid tpiyiaf; $l;Ljy;
Xu; myif cw;gj;jpnra;ar; nrytplg;gLk; khWk; fpuaj;ijf; fopj;jy;
epiyahd fpuaj;ijf; Fiwj;jy; ^02 Gs;spfs;& ^ahjhapDk; xU tplaj;Jf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk;&
(vi) gbKiw Nehf;fk; $ gzp
(2) re;ijapd; epiyik> Nghl;bahsu;fs; Mfpa vy;yhj;
JiwfspYk; jw;fhy epiyikia kjpg;gply; ^02 Gs;spfs;&
(3) SWOT gFg;G ^02 Gs;spfs;&
(4) re;ijg;gLj;jy; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; mila vjpu;ghu;f;;Fk;
Nehf;fq;fis epWTjy; ^02 Gs;spfs;&
(5) re;ijg;gLj;jypd;
Nehf;fq;fs;
^02 Gs;spfs;&
(6) cj;jp vq;qdk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk; vd;gJ ^02 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
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gFjp B - fl;Liu (Fbrhu; njhopDl;gtpay;)
5 (a) (i) ÷ khw;ngl;bapd; JisapD}lhf milaYld; $ba gFjpfis ePf;fy;.
÷ me;j ,lq;fs; rupahf ,Wf;fg;glhik
÷ fyitapy; ropjy; (slump) Nghjpa mstpw;F ,uhikahy; vy;yh ,lq;fSf;Fk; fyit
nry;yhik
÷ fk;gp mjpfk; Mifahy; ,Wf;Fk; cgfuzk; vy;yh ,lq;fisAk; milahik
(xU tplaj;jpw;F 03 Gs;spfs; tPjk; 09 Gs;spfs;)
(ii) ÷ kPstYt+l;bfSf;F ,Uf;f Ntz;ba %Lif (cover) Nghjhky; ,Uj;jy; ÷ Nkw;gug;G ntbg;GfspD}lhf ePu; frpjy;
÷ Nkw;gug;Gg; gOJfspD}lhf kPstYt+l;Lk; fk;gpfs; #oypw;Fj; jpwe;jpUj;jy;
÷ gad;gLj;jpa fk;gpfspy; JUg;gpbj;jpUj;jy;
÷ gad;gLj;jpa nfhq;fpwPw;Wf; fyit Nghjpa juj;jpy; ,uhikahy; mjD}lhf cs;Ns ePu;
frpjy;
(xU tplaj;jpw;F 03 Gs;spfs; tPjk; 09 Gs;spfs;)
(iii) nfhq;fpwPw;Wf; fyit
÷ Fwpj;j juj;jpy; cs;s %yg;nghUs;fisg; gad;gLj;jy;
÷ mtw;iwf; Fwpj;j tpfpjj;jpw;F> Njitahd mstpw;F> Njitahd juj;jpw;Ff;
(fyit epiyik) fyj;jy;
Njf;fp itj;jy;
÷ khw;ngl;bapy; Jis ,y;yhikAk; Njitahd rf;jp ,Uj;jYk;
÷ fk;gpfSf;F cs;s %Liff; fw;fisf; (cover blocks) Fwpj;j mstpw;Fk; cfe;j
,ilntspapYk; itj;jy;
÷ fk;gpfis xd;Nwhnlhd;W NruhjthW ed;whf Kbr;rpLjy;
÷ gad;gLj;jg;gLk; fk;gpfs; JUg;gpbahky; ,Uj;jy;
÷ fyitapd; ful;Lj; jpus;fs; gpupahky; ,Uf;FkhW itf;fg;gLjy;. (NkNyapUe;J if
tplhik)
,Wf;Fjy;
÷ xt;Nthu; ,lj;jpYk; rPuhf ,Wf;Fjy; (gug;gsT / Mok;)
÷ Fwpj;j fhyj;jpw;F ,Wf;Fjy;
÷ Kd; nfhq;fPw;W ,l;l ,lq;fspy; fk;gpfspy; glhjthW ,Wf;Fjy;
gjg;gLj;jy;
÷ cyhtj;jf;f re;ju;g;gq;fspy; ePupdhy; eidf;fj; njhlq;Fjy;
÷ tuk;igf; fl;b ePiu epug;gp VO ehl;fSf;F itj;jy; (epyj;jpd; khw;ngl;bg; gf;fj;ijf;
fow;wp)
÷ ePu; fl;lg;glhj ,lq;fspy; <ur; rhf;ifr; Rw;wp epjKk; eidj;jy;
(<uypg;ig 07 ehl;fSf;Fg; Ngzy;)
(xU gFjpf;F 06 Gs;spfs; tPjk; 24 Gs;spfs;)
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 9 -
(b) (i) kha; epiw
vg;NghJk; ,Uf;Fk; RikahFk;. mj;jpthur; Rtu;> J}z;> tis> $iur; rl;lk; Mfpatw;Wf;F
Nkyjpfkhfg; Gwr; RikfisAk; jhq;Fk; gFjpfspd; Rik fl;llj;jpd; kha; epiw vdg;gLk;.
capu;g;G epiw
xU fl;llj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; jw;fhypfr; RikahFk;. tjpgtu;fs;> jsthlk;> rPypq;F> fhiu>
fjT ad;dy; Mfpa mg;gFjpapd; epiwia khj;jpuk; jhq;Fk; fl;llj;jpd; gFjpfspd; Rik
,t;tupirapy; mikAk;.
Rw;whlw; Rikfs;
fhw;W> kio> gdp> epyeLf;fk;> nts;sk;> ntg;gg; ghjpg;Gfs; Mfpad.
NtW Rikfs;
jP> JUg;gpbj;jy;> ntbg;Gfs;> thfdq;fspd; mjpu;Tfs;
(Rikiag; ngaupLtjw;F 02 Gs;spfs;> Xu; cjhuzj;jpw;F 02 Gs;spfs;> tptupj;jYf;fhf
03 Gs;spfs; vd;wthW 4 RikfSf;F 28 Gs;spfs;&
(ii)
msysá fmd<j
lhsre lmrdrej
úh,s mia msrjqu
leg fldkal%SÜ ;Ügqj
m;=,a máh
f;;a ksjdrk jeáh
lhsre neïu
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
mbg;gl;il (skirting)
<uk; Gfh tup (DPC)
cyu; kz;iz epug;Gjy;
(Earth filling)
%Lnfhq;fpwPw;W
(Screed concrete)
mbg;gPlr; Rtu; (Plinth wall)
,Uf;Fk; epyk; (G.F.)
mbg;gPlf; fhiu
(Plinth plaster)
^cUit tiutjw;F 10 Gs;spfSk; ngaupLtjw;F 10 Gs;spfSk; vd;wthW 20 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 10 -
6.
(90 Gs;spfs;&
Gs;spfs; toq;fy;
Calculation Description Dimensions
(1) Excavation 10 10 05 ^25 Gs;spfs;& (2) Rubble wall 10 10 05 ^25 Gs;spfs;& (3) Brick wall 10 10 05 ^25 Gs;spfs;& Page numbering 02 Take Off list 05 Main Description 04 Spacing/ Cancelling 02 Closing 02
Nkyjpfk; 15 Gs;spfs;&
− 01 − − 02 −
T D S Description 48.820.300.45
48.820.75
48.903.0
6.59
36.62
146.70
Excavating trenches, 300 mm width, not exceeding 1 m (D.2.5.1)
fz;lfw; Rtu; (300 mm rubble wall)Length 49.12ddt junction 2/½/300 0.30
48.82height - 0.45 0.30
0.75wall, 300 mm thickness, vertical, 6'' × 9'' rubbles in c.m 1:5 (G.1.1.1)
nrq;fw; Rtu; (225 mm brick wall)Length - 49.12ddt junction 2/½/225 - 0.22
48.90height - 3mwalls, thickness 225 mm vertical, common bricks in cement mortar 1:5 English bond(G.1.1.1)
T D S Description
Referring SLS 573 (mstpLk; cUg;gb) 1' mj;jpthu mfopia
ntl;ly;
(excavation trenches) 2' 300 mm fz;lfw; Rtu;
(300 mm rubble wall) 3' 225 mm nrq;fw; Rtu;Mean girth ,il ePsk;
2/12 24.00 3/8 24.00
48.00 Rtu;j; jbg;igf; $l;ly; 10 / ½ / 225 1.12
49.12mj;jpthu mfopia ntl;ly;
(Excavation trenches)centre length 49.12%l;bidf; fopj;jy; 2/½/300 0.30
48.82width - 0.30height - 0.45
nraw;wpl;lj;jpd; ngau; :- jpl;l ,y. :- jahupj;jtu; :- Njjp :-
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 11 -
gFjp C - fl;Liu (nghwpKiwj; njhopDl;gtpay;)
7. (i) %yg;nghUs; - nky;YUf;F ,U gz;Gfs; tPjk;
Ú A apw;F - ntl;ly;> Jisj;jy;> muhTjy;> cUl;ly; Mfpad ,Ug;gjdhy; ePbwDk;
thl;lw;wfTk;
Ú B apw;F - ntl;ly;> mbj;jy; Mfpad ,Ug;gjdhy; ePbwDk; nefpo;Tk;
Ú C apw;F - ntl;ly;> Jisj;jy;> muhTjy;> cUl;ly; Mfpad ,Ug;gjdhy; ePbwDk;
thl;lw;wfTk;
(ii) msj;jYk; Fwpj;jYk;
105
A apy; 20 mm mfyg; gf;fj;jpd; RahjPd me;jj;jpypUe;J 5 mm ,Yk; mt;tplj;jpypUe;J 10 mm ,Yk; ,Uf;FkhW ,U NfhLfis
%iykl;lj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp tiujY}rpapdhy; tiujy;
,q;F ePsq; $ba gf;fj;jpd; NkNyAk; fPNoAk; 5 mm tPjk; ,Uf;FkhW tpspk;GfSf;Fr; rkhe;jukhf ,U NfhLfis tiujy;
P
R
Q
25 mm gf;fj;jpy; eLf; Nfhl;bid tiujy;
P, Q, R vd;Dk; %d;W Gs;spfis ikaf; Fj;jpapdhy; Fwpj;jy;
(B) jt;itj; Jisj;jy; - 4 mm Md jpUF Jwg;gz myfpdhy; Nkirj; Jisnghwpapd;
rf;ifapy; nghUj;jpg; gFjp A iaf; if ,Lf;fpapdhy; my;yJ
gpb C apdhy; gpbj;J %d;W jt;TfisAk; Jisj;jYk; ,ilNa
krfplYk;
(C) nkypjku;jy; - nkypjku; myiff; nfhz;L nghUj;jkhd mstpw;F %d;W
jt;TfisAk; nkypjku;j;jy;
(D) xg;gkhf;fy; - ghl;luj;jpd; %yk; my;yJ RoYk; jPf;fy;ypy; gpbj;jiyg;
gad;gLj;jpj; Jisf;Fk;NghJ ntspNa ePl;bapUf;Fk; gFjpfisj;
Nja;j;J mfw;wy;
155
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 12 -
(iii) tiujYk; Fwpj;jYk;
gFjp C apd; mfyk; Fiwe;j gf;fj;jpy; RahjPd me;jj;jpypUe;J 20 mm
,y; mjd; tpspk;Gf;Fr; rkhe;jukhf xU Nfhl;bid %iykl;lj;ijAk;
tiujY}rpiaAk; nfhz;L tiujy;
,f;Nfhl;bw;F ,U gf;fj;jpYk; 2 mm tPjk; ,Uf;FkhW rkhe;jukhf NtW ,U NfhLfis tiujy;
X
Y
ePz;l gf;fj;jpypUe;J 5 mm tPjk; mstPLfis vLj;J ,U ePz;l
tpspk;GfSf;Fk; rkhe;jukhf tiuag;gLk; ,U NfhLfspdhy; Kjypy;
tiue;j %d;W NfhLfisAk; ntl;ly;
Kjypy; tiue;j eLf; Nfhl;ilAk; ,U gf;fq;fspYk; tiue;j ,U
NfhLfisAk; ntl;LkhW X, Y vd;Dk; ,U Gs;spfisAk;
ikaf; Fj;jpapdhy; Fwpj;jy;
Ú jt;itj; jahu;nra;jy; - ikaf; Fj;jpapdhy; Fwpj;j ,lq;fspy; 4 mm CrpiaAk;
JisnghwpiaAk; gad;gLj;jp ,U jt;Tfisj; Jisj;jy;
- ,U jt;TfspdJk; ,U gf;fq;fspYk; tiue;j ,U
NfhLfSf;Fk; rpwpjstpy; NkNy cl;gf;fj;jpy; ,Uf;FkhW
,Lf;fpapd; ,U jhilfSf;Fk; gpbj;J ntl;Lspiaf; nfhz;L
gprpu;khw;wy; Kiwf;F ntl;b eLj; jthspg;ig ePf;fy;
- ntl;ba jthspg;gpd; ,U tpspk;GfisAk; ghl;luj;jpd; %yk;
Nja;;g;gjdhy; xg;gkhf;fpr; rupahfj; jthspg;igj; jahu;nra;jy;
- gFjp C apd; Nkw;gug;gpy; ntspNaapUf;Fk; cNyhfg;
gFjpfisg; ghl;luj;jpdhy; Nja;j;J mfw;wy;
(iv) (A) gz;G Kbg;igg; ngWjy;
Ú A, C Mfpa ,U gFjpfspy; gof;fkhd gFjpfSf;Fg; nghUe;JkhW Nja;j;Jj;
jahu;nra;jy;
Ú A, C Mfpa gFjpfSld; njhlu;GgLk; cNyhff; Nfhy;fisr; Rw;wpg; Nghjpa
mstpy; ,U jfLfspdJk; cupa gFjpfis cUl;Ljy;
Ú cNyhff; fk;gpapd; NkYk; fPOk; cs;s RahjPdkhd ,U KidfspYk; Nghjpa
mstpYk; mofhfTk; tbtq;fisj; jiwjy;
Ú A, C Mfpa gFjpfspYk; Rj;jpay; mbfs; glhjthW Kd;du; mbj;jy;
Ú muj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpj; Njitaw;w gFjpfisj; Nja;j;J ePf;fy;
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 13 -
(B) Ú nra;J Kbj;j 'g" ck; nfhSf;fpAk; vd;gjd; xt;nthU gFjpapYk; ,lj;jpYk;
nky;ypa vkupj; jhspdhy; my;yJ Nthl;lu; fd;bj; jhspdhy; Nja;j;J JUg;gpbj;j
gFjpfis ePf;fpj; Jilj;J tpLjy;
Ú jPe;ijapd; Kjypg; g+r;ir (Primer coat) my;yJ JUg;gpbj;jYf;F vjpuhd g+r;ir
vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; g+Rjy;
Ú ed;whf cyu;e;j gpd;du; nghUj;jkhd epwj;jpy; vdky; jPe;ijiag; g+Rjy;
Gs;sp toq;Fk; jpl;lk;
(i) %yg;nghUspd; ngau; - ^03 Gs;spfs;&
gz;Gfs; A 2 × 2 - ^04 Gs;spfs;&
B 2 × 2 - ^04 Gs;spfs;& C 2 × 2 ^04Gs;spfs;& ^nkhj;jk; 15 Gs;spfs;& gFjp A apw;F
(ii) msj;jy;> Fwpj;jy;> Jisj;jy;> jt;it nkypjku;j;jy;> xg;gkhf;fy; Mfpad rupahd
gbKiwfspy; vOjg;gl;bUg;gpd; ^30 Gs;spfs;&
gFjp C apw;F
(iii) msj;jy;> Fwpj;jy;> jt;itj; Jisj;jy;> jthspg;ig ntl;ly;> xg;gkhf;fy; Mfpad rupahd
gbKiwfshf vOjg;gl;bUg;gpd; ^30 Gs;spfs;&
(iv) Ú gz;gwp Kbg;Gf;fhd nrad;Kiw ^09 Gs;spfs;&
Ú epiyj;J epw;wiy cWjpg;gLj;jy; ^06 Gs;spfs;&
^15 Gs;spfs;&
gFjp I 15 Gs;spfs; gFjp II 30 Gs;spfs; gFjp III 30 Gs;spfs; gFjp IV 15 Gs;spfs; nkhj;jk; 90 Gs;spfs
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 14 -
8. (i) vQ;rpd; njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiyia miltjd; %yk; njhopw;ghl;Lg; gFjpfspd; (tpNrlkhf
Kryr; RtUf;Fk; cUisr; RtUf;FkpilNa) ,ilntsp Fiwfpd;wJ. mg;NghJ neUf;fpa tsp
frpjy; Fiwfpd;wJ. mg;NghJ neUf;fy; mKf;fk; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. NkYk; krFfspd; gpRf;FikAk;
Fiwfpd;wJ. vQ;rpd; njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiyia miltjdhy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; ntg;gk;
Rtu;fspdhy; cwpQ;rg;gLjYk; ,optsthfpd;wJ. ,jd;%yk; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; ntg;g tYtpy;
ngUk; gFjp Kryj;jpd; kPJ ngwg;glyhk;.
,jd; %yk;
÷ vQ;rpdpd; tYtpy; ngUk; gFjpiag; gad;gLj;jj;jf;fjhf ,Uj;jy;
÷ vupnghUs; rpf;fdk; mjpfupj;jy;
÷ #oypw;F eilngWk; jPq;F ,optsthjy;
my;yJ
Nkw;Fwpj;j fUj;Js;s ve;j tpilAk; ^15 Gs;spfs&
(ii) vQ;rpidj; njhlf;Fk;NghJ cUisr; Rtu; cl;gl;l vy;yhg; gFjpfSk; Fspu;r;rpailfpd;wd.
vQ;rpidj; njhlf;FtjDld; ePu;g; gk;gpAk; njhopw;gl;L ePu;r; Rw;Nwhl;lr; nrad;Kiw
eilngWfpd;wJ. ePu;r; Rw;Nwhl;lr; nrad;Kiw fhuzkhf vQ;rpd; njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiyia
miljy; jhkjkhfpd;wJ. ,e;epiyikiaj; jtpu;g;gjw;F ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;tpdhy;
NkNy ,Uf;Fk; ePu; top (mjhtJ fjpu;j;jpapd; Nky; jhq;fpf;Fr; nry;Yk; ePu; top) jilg;gl;bUf;Fk;.
,t;thW jilg;gLtjdhy; fjpu;j;jpapd; Nky; jhq;fpf;F ePu; nry;yhky; ,il top topNa vQ;rpdpd;
clypDs;Ns ePu; Rw;wpNahlj; njhlq;Ffpd;wJ. vQ;rpd; njhopw;gl;lTld; vQ;rpDs;Ns cs;s ntg;gk;
me;ePupdhy; cwpQ;rg;gLfpd;wikahy; ePupd; ntg;gepiy mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. mjd; %yk; ntg;gepiyf;
fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T mjpy; Fwpg;gpl;l ntg;gepiyia miltjDld; jpwf;fpd;wJ. mg;NghJ ePu;
fjpu;j;jpapD}lhfr; nry;fpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; cs;NsapUf;Fk; ePupd; ntg;gepiy FiwAk;NghJ
ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T %b ePupd; ntg;gepiy mjpfupf;Fk; mNj Ntis ePupd; ntg;gepiy
mjpfupf;Fk;NghJ ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T jpwe;J ntg;gepiy Fiwfpd;wJ.
,t;thW ntg;gepiy khWtjDld; ntg;gepiyf; fl;Lg;ghl;L thy;T jpwg;gjd; %yKk; %Ltjd;
%yKk; vQ;rpdpDs;Ns njhopw;ghl;L ntg;gepiy fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ
my;yJ
Nkw;Fwpj;j tpil my;yJ fUj;J cs;s vt;tpilf;Fk;
^30 Gs;spfs&
(iii) mfj; jfd vQ;rpdpypUe;J Fiwe;j fjpapy; ngwj;jf;f KWf;Fjpwd; FiwthFk;. tpNrlkhfr;
nry;y Muk;gpf;Fk;NghJ rpy;Y Roy;tjw;Ff; $Ljyhd KWf;Fjpwd; Njit. mt;thNw XLk;NghJk;
,k;KWf;Fjpwidf; $l;Ltjw;Ff; (thfdj;ij Ke;jpr; nry;yy; Nghd;w) fjpiar; nrg;gQ; nra;jy;>
eLepiyiag; ^Neutral& ngWjy;> gpd;rPWjy; Mfpatw;Wf;Ff; fpau;g; ngl;b mj;jpahtrpakhFk;.
fpau;g; ngl;b tif
1' tOf;fp %l;Lf; fpau;g; ngl;b
2' khwh %l;Lf; fpau;;g; ngl;b
3' NeutpirTf; fpau;;g; ngl;b
4' jd;dpaf;ff; fpau;;g; ngl;b ^15 Gs;spfs&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 15 -
(iv) ABS jLg;G Kiwapd; gpd;tUk; rpwg;gpay;Gfisf; fhl;lyhk;.
1' Mgj;jhd eOtiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;
2' jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; fltpD}lhf ^steering& thfdj;ijf; ifahSk; Mw;wy;
3' epWj;Jk; J}uj;ijf; ^Stopping Distance& Fiwj;jy;
4' jau; Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; Nja;tijf; Fiwj;jy;
1' Mgj;jhd eOtiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;
thfdj;jpd; fjp> tPjp epiyik Mfpatw;wpd; kPJ rLjpj; jLg;G epiyapy; xU rpy;Y my;yJ gy
rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gl ^Lock& Kad;why; ABS ,yj;jpud; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; njhFjpapD}lhf mjidj;
jLj;J mr;rpy;iy my;yJ rpy;Yfis kw;iwa rpy;YfSld; rk fjpf;F khw;WtjD}lhf eOty;
fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk;.
2' jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; fltpD}lhf thfdj;ijf; ifahSk; Mw;wy; fpilj;jy;
jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gLjy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wikahy;> mjhtJ thfdj;jpd;
rpy;Y Royiy thfdk; epw;Fk; tiuf;Fk; Ngz Kay;fpd;wikahy; fltpD}lhf thfdj;ijf;
ifahSk; Mw;wy; fpilf;fpd;wJ (jLg;Gr; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gLjy; eilngw;why;
fltpD}lhf thfdj;ijf; ifahSk; Mw;wy; eyptilAk;).
3' epWj;Jk; J}uj;ijf; ^Stopping Distance& Fiwj;jy;
rLjpj; jLg;G epiyapy; jLg;G tpir ,ilapilNa rpy;Yf;Fg; gpuNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wikahy;
vy;iy cuha;T tpir gy jlit njhopw;gLtjd; tpisthf thfdk; epWj;jg;gLk; J}uj;ijf;
Fiwf;fyhk;. vdpDk;> fulhd guy; cs;s re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ,e;epiyik khWk;.
4' jau; Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; Nja;tijf; Fiwj;jy;
,j;jLg;G Kiwapy; rpy;Yfs; g+l;lg;gl;L tPjp kPJ ,Oj;Jr; nry;yg;gLjy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;
gLfpd;wikahy; jau; Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; Nja;jy; FiwAk;
my;yJ
Nkw;Fwpj;j tpilfspd; fUj;ijj; jUk; vt;tpilAk; ^30 Gs;spfs;&
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 16 -
gFjp D - fl;Liu (kpd;> ,yj;jpud; njhopDl;gtpay;)
9. (i) VC VR
C
I
A B
50 Hz
^10 Gs;spfs;&
I
VC
A apw;Fk; B apw;FkpilNa
^03 Gs;spfs;&
B apw;Fk; C apw;FkpilNaI
VR ^02 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) (a)
230 V
R
0.5 A jilXl;lr; RUs;
xL
^05 Gs;spfs;&
(b) I
VLxL
I VR
^05 Gs;spfs;&
(c)
xL
R
Z
60°
jlq;fy; (Z) If; fhzy;
V = IZ ,d; %yk;
230 = 0.5 × Z
Z = 2300.5
= 460 Ω
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 17 - jilapd; ngWkhdk; (R) If; fhzy;
cos 60° = RZ
12
= R460
R = 230 Ω
J}z;ly; jhf;Fjpwd; (XL) If; fhzy;
sin 60° = XL
460
= XL
460XL = 460
2×
= 230 = 230 × 1.732 = 398.36 Ω
√ 3
2√ 3
√ 3
^35 Gs;spfs;&
(khw;Wj; jpupNfhzfzpj Kiwfisg; gad;gLj;jpr; nra;Ak; fzpg;GfSf;Fg; Gs;spfs;
toq;fg;gLk;)
(iii) A - gbAau;j;J epiykhw;wp Step up T/F, 11/ 132 kV my;yJ 220/ 33 kV B - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 132/ 33kV my;yJ 220/ 33 kV C - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 33/ 11 kV D - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 33/ 0.415kV E - gbFiw epiykhw;wp Step down T/F, 11/ 0.415kV
xU tpilf;F 02 Gs;spfs; tPjk; (10 Gs;spfs;)
(iv)
L1L1
I1 I2 I3 IN
L2
N
L3
L3
L2
ifj ; njho py ; Efu;Nthu;
epiykhw;wpapd; ehzpd; Kbtplq;fs; (capUk; capuw;wJk;)
11 kV/ 415 V Kf;fiyg; gbFiw epiykhw;wp
415 V 11 kV 11 kV
11 kV 415 V
240 V
Kf;fiy 4 ehz; toq;fy; njhFjp(3 Phase 4 wire Distribution System)
rupahd cUTf;F ^05 Gs;spfs;&
epiykhw;wpr; Rw;wy;fspd; njhFg;G ^05 Gs;spfs;&
Nthy;w;wsitf; Fwpg;gply; ^05 Gs;spfs;&
ifj;njhopy; njhLg;igf; Fwpj;jy; ^05 Gs;spfs;&
Ú Nthy;w;wsT 415 V, 240 Vmy;yJ 400 V, 230 V Mf ,Uf;fyhk;.
2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; eilngwTs;s guPl;irf;fhd ve;jputpay; njhopDl;gtpay; khjpup tpdhf;fspd; tpilfSf;fhd topfhl;b
- 18 -
10. (i) ^1& jPg;nghwp cz;lhtjpy;iy. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^2& rpwpa Nthy;w;wstpdhy; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
^3& cau; fjpapy; njhopw;glyhk;. ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(ii) XY apw;fpilNa flj;jp njhLf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;NghJ mb fhYk; Nthy;w;wsT
g+r;rpakhfpd;wikahy; jpuhd;rpw;wu; Jz;bf;fg;gLk; (Cut off) epiyikapy; ,Uf;Fk;. LED
mg;NghJ xspu;tjpy;iy. flj;jp njhLf;fg;glhky; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ mb fhYk; Nthy;w;wsT
0.6 ,Yk; $Ljyhfpj; jpuhd;rpw;wu; epuk;gy; (saturation) epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk;. mg;NghJ
LED xspUk;. ^15 Gs;spfs;&
,e;j XY apw;fpilNa cs;s flj;jpapd; ePsk; nky;ypa flj;jpapdhy; ,lg;glyhk;.
Mifahy; ghJfhg;G Ntypahfg; gad;gLj;jg;glyhk;. ^10 Gs;spfs;&
(iii) 5 = IB RB + VBE ^10 Gs;spfs;&
5 = 100 × 10
−6 × RB + 0.6 ^05 Gs;spfs;&
RB = (5 − 0.6) / 100 × 10−6
^05 Gs;spfs;&
RB = 4.4 × 104
= 44 KΩ ^05 Gs;spfs;&
(iv)
X
Y
RB
IB
5 V
mQ;ryp (relay)
my;yJ
RB
IB
5 V
mQ;ryp (relay)
X
Y
Rw;W ,Uthapiaf; nfhz;buhtpl;llhy; ^20 Gs;spfs;) my;yJ
rupahd Rw;W tupg;glj;jpw;F ^25 Gs;spfs;& * * *