Folk architecture in Slovakia

Lukáš HurtíkĽudovít SzökeMartin Feigl

• Shapes of folk architecture varied

depending on the needs of people and

material to provide nature. Slovak folk

architecture is more diverse than

anywhere else in the world.

Folk architecture has been preserved until

today.It is surprising that despite preserved,

prejudice and contempt, that the

consciousness of people deployed

communist ideology, generously help

architects.

Folk Architecture in Slovakia is a

manifestation of construction activity

with the characteristics according to

the territory of Slovakia, constructed

mostly by yourself.

Slovak folk architecture is characterized by greatdiversity and richness of expressive elements andforms. The construction of buildings are used clayand wood, while Slovakia is divided into two mainareas, according to the availability of thesematerials from local sources.Many objects Slovak folk architecture monuments are protected, or evenentered into the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

• Furnace

An important part of folk architecture has been an

outbreak, which was the most important part of the

kitchen. Initially it was open fires in the room.

According regions were distinguished furnace,

generally comprised a significant element of the

interior and an important practical part of the

house.

Types of folk architecture

• Residential

• Economic huts, barns, stables, pigsty, hay, Pub, ...

• manufacturing mills, pottery stores, a bakery, forge,

forges, ...

• sacred chapels, churches, God's torment, bell ...

• public bridges, walkways, ferry, hate, ...

Divide by areaSlovakia is in terms of architecture's the contact area ofseveral types of building. Slovakia used two core materials: clay and wood. Wood is used mainly in the northern, forested areas of Slovakia, clay earlier in southern areas. Slovakia can be divided into 5 main areas, each of whichhas a number of regional and sub-specialties. Theboundaries of these areas are not ambiguous and by different authors vary, as they intersect and form a widearea interfaces.

• Folk

Architecture

Reservations

data at 24 2.

2009 by the

Monuments

Board of

Slovak Republic

n.Folk architecture

reservationsFirst statement

Number of

cultural

monume

nts

1 Brhlovce 1983 25

2 Čičmany 1977 36

3 Osturňa 1981 157

4 Plavecký Peter 1990 28

5 Podbiel 1977 56

6 Sebechleby 1981 89

7 Špania dolina 1979 83

8 Veľké Leváre 1981 25

9 Vlkolínec 1977 75

10 Ţdiar 1977 183

Zones of folk architecture

Monument zone files are

rarely preserved

architectural monuments and

historical urban structure

and the initial value of the

local environment. Some of

them are part of UNESCO

world cultural heritage.

č. Folk architecture monument zone First statement

1 Babiná 2000

2Banská Hodruša (časť obce Hodruše-

Hámre)1998

3 Bátovce 1997

4 Čelovce 1997

5 Do Kršle (časť Klokočova) 1995

6 Heľpa 1992

7 Horné Plachtince 1997

8 Hybe 1991

9 Kremnické Bane 1993

10 Lačnov (časť Lipoviec) 1996

11 Lúčka 1994

12 Niţná Boca 1991

13 Niţné Repaše 1994

14 Podšíp (osada pri Stankovanoch) 1991

15 Polichno 1996

16 Ratková 1995

17 Rimavské Janovce 1994

18 Sobotište 1999

19 Šimonovce 1996

20 Torysky 1995

21 Turnianska Nová Ves 1995

22 Východná 1991

Rock dwellings in Brhlovce are undoubtedly the most important relic offolk architecture. It is said to have originated in the protection of thedomestic population before the Turkish invasions in the 16th and 17 century. Since there is a well established manufacturing ash and dust -Tufi and tuff and the municipality and its environs experienced a period rich Tertiary volcanic activity, it would be a unique opportunityto use them. And so to deposit Brhlovčania uproot and unique livingspaces. Stone was the only suitable material for the creation oforiginal homes, but provide livelihoods for the population. In thenineteenth century it became stonemasonry most important form ofexistence of local people working in mining and technology learnedfrom the Italian stone builders local manor house.

The open air museum is a museum of folk architecture. Thedenomination was founded by the first such museum, which wasestablished in 1891 in the park Skansen in Stockholm, Sweden. In open-air museums are placed buildings that can not beprotected in their original location (for example in theconstruction of dams, highways). Folk architecture with itsclose relationship to the original environment as part of its lostglory. The buildings in the open-air museums are mainly due to the risk of fires far apart and therefore you can not read theoriginal city planning. Nevertheless, open-air rescue for manyexceptional works of the original architecture of all kinds.

The biggest open air museum in Slovakia is the

Museum of Slovak Village in Martin, and others

are in Banská Štiavnica, Bardejov Spa, Nitra,

Zuberec - Museum of Orava village Vychylovka

- Museum kysuckej village Pribylina, Svidník,

Humenne and elsewhere.

THE END

© copyright 2011 Ľudovít Szoke, Lukáš Hurtík , Martin Feigl

Translated in Google translator. Made in Power Point