food allergies food intolerances and disabilities august/september 2012 cacfp training
TRANSCRIPT
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Food Allergies Food IntolerancesandDisabilities
August/September2012
CACFP Training
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What are the Rules? Medical or Religious Reason for needing
food substitutions Disability Allergy or Religious Reason
Parent Preference Milk
Let’s go through the Handout
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Next …. Food Allergy Food Intolerances Disability Examples of some common Diseases
Diabetes Celiac Disease PKU
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Food Allergy Sensitivity to chemical compounds
(proteins) naturally found in food Develop after exposure to a food protein
that body thinks is harmful It’s an abnormal response of the
immune system to a particular food or food component
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8 Foods included in food allergy labeling required by FDA
Milk Eggs Peanuts Tree Nuts Fish Shellfish Soy Wheat
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Food allergies Involve 2 features of the human immune response1) Production of immunoglobulin E ()IgE) A type of protein called an antibody that circuclates through the blood
2) Mast cell, a specific cell that occurs in all body tissues but is especially common in areas of body that are typical sites of allergic reactions (including nose & throat, lungs, skin & gastrointestinal tract
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Forming IgE Inherited predisposition First has to be exposed to the food As food is digested, it triggers certain cells
to produce IgE in large amounts IgE released and hooks to Mast Cells
Next time person eats the food it interacts with specific IgE & triggers the mast cells to release chemicals such as histamine
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The Allergic Reaction
Vomitting
Diarrhea Itc
hing in Mouth
BP may drop
Hives - Eczema
Throat tightness
Breathing Difficulty Anaphylactic Shock
An allergic reaction to food can take place within a few minutes to hours.
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Symptoms of Food Allergy Rash or hives or eczema Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting Tingling or itching in the mouth or skin Wheezing, nasal congestion or trouble
breathing Dizziness, lightheadedness or fainting Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and
throat, or other parts of the body Anaphylaxis
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No cure for food allergies
Avoid the Offending Food is the only way to prevent a reaction
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Exercise-induced food allergy Some people have an allergic reaction
to a food triggered by exercise Eating certain foods may cause person
to feel itchy and lightheaded soon after they start exercising
Not eating a couple of hours before exercising & avoiding certain foods may help prevent this problem
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Anaphylaxis Most severe allergic reaction Involves multiple systems at the same time Potentially fatal if medication not given
promptly Can occur within minutes of exposure Peanut/tree nut allergies in combo with
asthma is the highest risk If child has life-threatening allergies it is
considered a disability in Child Nutrition
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Symptoms of Anaphylaxis Skin reactions, including hives along with itching,
flushed or pale skin (almost always present with anaphylaxis)
A feeling of warmth Constriction and tightening of airways A swollen throat or the sensation of a lump in the
throat that makes it difficult to breathe Weak and rapid pulse Dizziness, lightheadedness or loss of
consciousness
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Food Intolerances Lacks the chemicals called enzymes,
necessary to properly digest certain proteins found in food
Intolerances to some chemical ingredients added to food to provide color, taste, or protect against growth or bacteria
Sulfites can be a source of intolerance (naturally or added to prevent growth of mold)
Salicylates are group of plant chemicals found in many fruits, veg, juices
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Symptoms of Food Intolerance Nausea Stomach Pain Gas, cramps, bloating Vomiting Heartburn Diarrhea Headaches Irritability or Nervousness
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Tell the difference?ALLERGY Allergies can be triggered by even small
amounts – occur every time food consumed Advised to avoid offending foods completely
INTOLERANCE Intolerance is dose related Found through trial and error (food diary) Elimination diet and reintroduce foods one at a
time
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Disability Anyone who has a physical or mental
impairment, which substantially limits one or more of he major life activities, has a record of such impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment.
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Disability Determination can only be made by a
licensed physician What is disability How it restricts diet Major life activity affected Foods to be omitted Foods to be substituted
Easiest way is to use our medical statement
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Common Food Related DisabilitiesDiabetesCeliac DiseasePKU
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DiabetesThe body cannot produce or use
insulin Insulin = a hormone that helps the
body to use glucose as energyType 1 Type 2 (typically in adults)
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Type 1 Diabetes Normally, the hormone insulin helps
glucose enter the child's cells to provide energy to the muscles and tissues.
When working properly, once a child eats, the pancreas secretes more insulin into the bloodstream and it circulates & opens doors so sugar can enter the body’s cells.
Type I -Pancreas produces little or no insulin
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DiabetesBlood sugar monitoring – many
times a dayGlucose monitoring (CGM) –
newest way to monitor blood sugar levels (used as an additional tool to blood sugar monitoring)
Insulin treatment
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Diabetes Lifestyle ConsiderationsHealthy Eating - high in nutrition
and low in fats and caloriesFruits & vegetables, Whole
Grains, Low fat/low sugarPhysical Activity – can affect
blood sugar levels up to 12 hrs. after exercise
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Type 2 DiabetesMost common in adults but on the rise in
children – fueled by obesityPancreas stops producing enough insulinTreated with diet/exercise and oral medsPrevention:
Eat healthy foodsGet more physical activityManage weight
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Celiac DiseaseGenetically-based
autoimmune disease characterized by sensitivity to the protein gluten
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Celiac Disease Dietary treatment Only treatment is gluten-free diet Cannot eat the protein from the
following grains: Wheat, barley, rye, and hybrids of these
grains These grains may be eaten:
Corn, rice, sorghum, teff, wild rice, millet, amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat
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Celiac Disease Where is Gluten found?
Flour, bread, bread products (e.g. pizza crust), pasta, and breakfast cereals
May be an ingredient in many other foods including soups, hotdogs, gravies, and French fries
Read food labels Wheat, barley, rye, malt, oats (due to gluten
contamination), brewer’s yeast, modified food starch, Dextrin, Semolina, farina, durum flour, enriched flour, and graham flour
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Phenylketonuria (PKU) Cannot process the amino acid
phenylalanine Dietary treatment:
Low protein diet (to prevent increase in phenylalanine)
Special formula to provide protein