food for thought: latino food culture & identity - world...
TRANSCRIPT
Food for Thought:
Latino Food Culture & Identity
Carina Cordero Brossy, World View
Overview
Food as History
Food as Culture
Food as Identity
By Tomascastelazo (Own work) [CC-BY-SA-3.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)]
Domestication of maize Nixtamalization of maize between 1200-1500 B.C.
Native to Mesoamerica • corn • beans • chiles • vanilla • chocolate • tomatoes • avocados • squash • numerous fruits
MESOAMERICA 2600 B.C. to A.D. 1521
http://the-kundalini.com/yum-kaax-mayan-corn-god/
Criollos =Spanish Born in New Spain
Mestizos =Mixed Spanish and Amerindians
Imported techniques • Cheese-making • Meat-curing • Use of lard
SPANISH COLONIAL PERIOD 1521-1821
Spanish Imports • livestock • lentils • chickpeas • citrus fruits • onions • garlic • rice • sugar • bananas • eggplants
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-Less populated land -Presidios and misiones -Base of Mexican and Mexican American cuisines in the U.S. Southwest
NEW SPAIN’S NORTHERN FRONTIER
Common dishes
• Beef dishes
• Dried beef
• Barbacoa
• Roasted goat
• Wheat tortillas
• Chimichangas
• Pozole
• Buñuelos
1819
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki File:Viceroyalty_of_New_Spain_Location_1819_(without_Philippines).png
1821 = Mexican Independence from Spain
1846-48 = Mexican American War
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ADIOS : Half of Mexico’s national territory HOLA : US states of California, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, parts of Colorado, Nevada, and Utah
vs
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Spanish Caribbean
-Arawak (Taíno) Indians throughout the islands -Combined agriculture with hunting, fishing, and gathering -Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic
Taíno Diets • Yuca • Sweet potatoes • Fish • Shellfish • Beans • Papaya • Mamey • Passion fruit • Caimito • Cherimoya
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Caribbean_spanish_names.PNG
Spanish Caribbean
-Extinction Taínos = Slavery, war, and new European diseases -Plantation agriculture -Bacalao (salted codfish), cilantro, garlic, olives
Africa/Asia Imports
• sugar cane • coffee • coconut • bananas • mango • tamarind
Mesoamerica Imports
• tomatoes • potatoes • cacao • annatto • vanilla
CUBA • Heavy migration in
1960’s after Cuban Revolution
• First wave of refugees were landowners, managers, doctors
• Had resources to recreate whole range of dishes
• Mainly settled in Miami
Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic
PUERTO RICO • Puerto Ricans as US
Citizens - 1917 • Heavy migration in 1950’s • First wave were rural
unskilled migrants • Bodegas & Goya Foods • Mainly settled in NYC
http://www.flickr.com/photos/melaniemicah/8499014072/
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
• Independence from Haiti in 1844
• Heavy migration in 1960’s after US-backed military coup
• Mainly settled in NYC, NJ, and Florida
FOOD AS CULTURE
México
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TAMALES
COMAL
MOLCAJETE
Movie Perfect México
CUARESMA
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MOLE POBLANO Ingredients:
2 Dried Pasilla Chilis 15 Dried Mulato Chilis 8 Dried Ancho Chilis 1 Turkey, cut into parts; heart, gizzard and neck saved to made a stock 2 Sprigs Parsley 3 Cloves Garlic, peeled 1 Large Onion, chopped (about 1 1/2 Cups) 3/4 Cup Blanched Almonds 1/2 Cup Seedless Raisings 4 Tablespoons Toasted Sesame Seeds 1/2 Bolillo (French bread or Baguette), lightly toasted 1/2 Teaspoon Ground Cloves 1/2 Teaspoon Ground Cinnamon 1/2 Teaspoon Anise Seeds 1/4 Teaspoon Freshly Ground Black Pepper 1 Corn Tortilla, fried crispy and broken in small pieces 1 Chipotle Chilli 3 Large Tomatoes, peeled, seeded, and chopped 1 Teaspoon Sugar or to taste 1 Teaspoon Salt or to taste 1 1/2 Squares Unsweetened Chocolate 1 Cup Lard
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CASCARONES
DÍA DE LOS MUERTOS Altar Offerings
Sugar Skulls Pan de Muerto Candied Pumpkin Chocolate Coffins and Skulls Atole Wash bowl Basin Razors Soap Papel picado Wreaths Crosses Flowers Candles Personal belongings from deceased
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Movie Perfect Spanish Caribbean PASTELES
(Puerto Rican Version)
Movie Perfect Spanish Caribbean
SOFRITO What is it?
Spanish Caribbean
FOOD AS IDENTITY
“Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are.”
-Jean-Anthelme Brillat-Savarin
Movie Perfect Culinary Patrimony
Movie Perfect Immigrant Identity
Movie Perfect Globalization & New Markets
Movie Perfect Beyond “International Food Day”
• Engage students in issue-based discussions on global food
security, food politics, health, migration, identity, historical food
ways, marketing, etc
• Compare and contrast national and international cookbooks
• Invite local chefs and/or grocery store owners to present
• Visit/purchase items from a Latin supermarket
• Create hands-on learning experiences using fruits/veggies, labels
• Learn Spanish terms for certain food items and dishes (handout)
• Online Resource:
www.carnegielibrary.org/subject/food/latin.html
