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FOODBORNE ILLNESS Mrs. Pereira Essentials of Cooking

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FOODBORNE ILLNESS. Mrs. Pereira Essentials of Cooking. Foodborne Illness. The World Health Organization (2011) defines foodborne illness as a preventable public health problem by agents that enter the body through eating contaminated food and water. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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FOODBORNE ILLNESS

Mrs. PereiraEssentials of Cooking

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Foodborne Illness

The World Health Organization (2011) defines foodborne illness as a preventable public health problem by agents that enter the body through eating contaminated food and water.

These diseases can either be infectious or toxic in nature.

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Incidence of Foodborne Illnesses

Each year in the United States, 31 known foodborne pathogens cause:

9.4 million illnesses 55, 961 hospitalizations 1,351deaths

Scallen, E., et al, 2011

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Categoriesof Foodborne Pathogens Viruses

Bacteria

Parasites

Toxins

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The most common culprits of food borne illnesses

Campylobacter – second most common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the U.S.

Norovirus – leading viral cause of diarrhea in the U.S.

Salmonella – most common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the U.S. and most common cause of foodborne deaths

CDC, 2010

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The most common culprits of food borne illnesses

E coli/STEC – produces a deadly toxin and causes 73,000 cases of foodborne illness/yr in the U.S.

Clostridium botulinum – produces a toxin that causes life threatening illness that can compromise breathing

CDC, 2010

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At risk populations Elderly

Persons with chronic diseases

Young Children

Infants

Unborn babies

Pregnant women

Thobaben, 2010NDDIC, 2007

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Signs/Symptoms and Sources of pathogens

(organisms)Organism Signs/

SymptomsOnset after ingestion

Food source

Norovirus Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, fever, headache

2-5 days Raw undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, contaminated water

Salmonella Diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting

6-48 hours Eggs, poultry, meat, unpasteurized milk or juice, cheese, contaminated fruits and vegetables

Campylobacter Diarrhea, cramping, fever, vomiting, diarrhea with or without blood

2-5 days Raw undercooked poultry, unpasteurized milk, contaminated water

E coli Watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, some vomiting

1-3 days Water or food contaminated with human feces

Clostridium perfringens Intense abdominal cramps, watery diarrhea

8-17 hours Meats, poultry, gravy, dried, or precooked foods, time and/or temperature abused foods

Clostridium botulinum Vominting, diarrhea, blurred vision,, difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, and can lead to respiratory failure and death

12-72 hours Improperly canned foods, fermented fish, baked potatoes in aluminum foil; honey should not be fed to children <12 months

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Foodborne IllnessesLEADING CAUSES OF ILLNESSES:

Norovirus Salmonella Clostridium

perfringens Campylobacter Staphylococcus

aureus

LEADING CAUSES OF HOSPITALIZATION:

Salmonella Norovirus Campylobacter Toxoplasma gondii Escherichia (E coli)

Salmonella Toxoplasma gondii Listeria

monocytogenes Norovirus Campylobacter

LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH:

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Globally: Foodborne Illnesses

Significant increases in foodborne illness incidence

Globally, 1.8 million people died from diarrhoeal diseases in 1998

30% increase in the number of foodborne diseases reported in developed countries

WHO, 2011

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Consumer Preventive Measures

Remain out of the “Danger Zone” Four easy basic steps: Clean Separate Cook Chill Don’t buy damaged foods, i.e. can goods, fresh

produce/vegetables, etc Wash fresh produce and vegetables thoroughly under

running waterUSDA, 2008

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Prevention tips

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Questions????

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Post test

1. Identify two population groups at increased risk for foodborne illness

2. Name two common pathogens causing foodborne illness

3. Name three leading foodborne causes of death

4. Name three preventive measures

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References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC). CDC estimates the number of food borne illnesses in

the U.S. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/questions-and-answers.html

CDC 2010 Food borne burden retreived from http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/questions-and-answers.html

CDC 2010 Estimates of food borne Illness in the US. http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/questions-and-answers.html

CDC Trends in foodborne illnesses in the U.S. , 1996-2009 (2010) http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/trends-in-foodborne-illness.html#highlights

CDC, 2011 CDC and Food safety http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/cdc-and-food-safety.html

Definition. World Health Organization (2011). Food Safety and foodborne illnesses. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs237/en/

Federal Drug Administration (FDA).(2011). Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA). Retrieved from http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FSMA/default.htm

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References Flint, J.A., Van Duynhoven, Y.T., Angulo, F.J., DeLong, S.M., Braun, P., Kirk, M., Scallen, E., Fitzgerald,

M., Adak, G.K., Sockett, P., Ellis, A., Hall, G., Gargouri, N., Walke, H., Braam, P. ((2005). Estimating the burden of acute gastroenteritis, foodborne disease, and pathogens commonly transmitted by food: An international review. Clinical Infectious Disease. 41:698-704. Retrieved from http://dels-old.nas.edu/banr/gates1/docs/mtg5docs/bgdocs/Estimating_burden.pdf

Food Technology Service, Inc (FTSI). (2006-2011). Food borne illness is a worldwide health problem. Retrieved from http://www.foodtech.us/aboutfoodirr.asp

Kaferstein, F.K., Motarjemi, Y., and Bettcher, D.W. (1997). Foodborne Disease Control: A Transnational Challenge. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 3(4). Retreived from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2640096/pdf/9368787.pdf

Kowalcyk, B. (2011). Food Safety Law Makes History. Federal Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Food borne illness. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/barbara-kowalcyk/food-safety-bill-history_b_805283.html

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References National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC).(2007). Bacteria and Foodborne Illness.

Retrieved from http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/bacteria/#4

Scallen, E., Hoekstra, R.M., Angulo, F. J., Tauxe, R. V., Widdowson, M.A., Roy, S.L.., Jones, J.L., and Griffin, P.M. (2011). Foodborne Illness Acquired in the United States – Major Pathogens. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 17(1). Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=8d0d5293-6011-407c-b3c8-7d0c7261cd8a%40sessionmgr113&vid=6&hid=104

The Partnership for Food Safety and Education (PFSE). (2010). The Costs of Foodborne Illnesses. Retrieved from http://www.fightbac.org/about-foodborne-illness/costs-to-society

Tauxe, R.V. (1997). Emerging Foodborne diseases: an evolving public health challenge. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 3(4). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol3no4/tauxe.htm

Thobaben, M. (2010). Causes and Prevention of Foodborne Illness. Home Healthcare Management & Practice. 22(7): 533-535. DOI: 10.1177/1084822310376611. Retrieved from http://hhc.sagepub.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/content/22/7/533.full.pdf+html

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References World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). Drug Resistant Salmonella. Retrieved from

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs139/en/

World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). Food Safety and Foodborne Illness. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs237/en

Vilsack, T. and Sebelius, K. (2009). Press Release: New Strategies to keeping America’s food supply safe. Retreived from http://www.epa.gov/agingepa/press/othernews/2009/2009_0731_ons_2.htm

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (USDA)(2011). Foodborne Illness and Disease. Retrieved from http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Fact_Sheets/Foodborne_Illness_What_Consumers_Need_to_Know/index.asp

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (USDA)(2008). Food Safety Education. Retrieved from http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Fact_Sheets/At_Risk_&_Underserved_Fact_Sheets/index.asp

Wottecki, C.E. and Kineman, B.D. (2003). Challenges and approaches to reducing foodborne illness. Annual Review of Nutrition. 23: 315-344. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/ehost/detail?vid=11&hid=104&sid=8d0d5293-6011-407c-b3c8-7d0c7261cd8a%40sessionmgr113&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=rzh&AN=2004033589