foot care 8
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
DIABETICDIABETIC
FOOTCAREFOOTCARE
MITHRA
ROLL NO-44
SYMPTOMS
Persistent pain Redness Swelling Loss of hair Hard shiny skin Localised warmth Break in the skin
Drainage of pus or bloody discharge
Limp or difficulty walking Fever Numbness
DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
Damage of nerves in the legs and feet –loss of sensation.
Foot ulcers occur because of nerve damage.
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
Diabetes affects the blood vessels and alters the flow of blood.
Unhealed injury increase the risk of ulcer and gangrene.
FOOT ULCER It is a break in
the skin or a deep sore, which can become infected.
It result from minor scrapes, cuts that heal slowly, or from the rubbing of shoes .
ATHLETE’S FOOT
Cause redness,itching, crackin.
PLANTAR WARTS
Caused by virus affecting outer layer of skin.
BLISTERS Caused by
wearing improperly fitting shoes.
CORNS Build up of hard
skin over bony area
FUNGAL NAIL INFECTION
Nails become discolored thick and brittle.
BUNIONS Big toe angles
towards the second toe.
PREVENTION
Keep the blood glucose level within the range recommended by doctor.
Avoid smoking.
Maintain the blood flow to the feet.
Put the feet up when sitting.
Wiggle the toes and move the ankles several times a day
Don't cross the legs for long periods of time
Check the feet every day for sores, blisters, redness, calluses, or other problems.
Wash the feet with warm water and keep it moist by applying lotion.
Gently smooth corns and calluses with an emery board or pumice stone.
Check and trim the toe nails once a week.
inspection of the
skin check for pulses
and temperature of the feet
an assessment of sensation to the foot .
WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL CARE
Changes in skin color Changes in skin
temperature in the foot or ankle
Dry cracks in the skin, especially around the heal.
Unusual and/or persistent foot pain in the legs.
Open sores on the feet that are slow to or are draining.
Ingrown or toenail infected with fungus.
Corns or calluses.
EXAMINATION AND TESTS
History and physical examination Laboratory Tests X-ray Doppler Consultation
TREATMENT Self Care at home Medical Treatment Antibiotics Surgical debridement
of wound Improvement of
circulation by surgery or therapy.
Referral to Orthopaedic surgeon
Follow up