FootProtection

TrainingGuide

LEATHERFACTS

Grain:Thesmoothouterlayeristhebestandlargestpieceofleatherontheanimal.Usedforbettershoes,staynicerlookinglongerandgivemoredurability.MiddleSplit:Thislayerhasnotensilestrengthandisusedforverypoorqualityleather.FleshSplit:Thebottomlayerisusedmainlyforgloves,apparelandaccessories.ManypeoplerefertothislayerassuedeLEATHERCUTS

Side:Sideleatheristhestrongestportionofananimalshide.Inthisareathefibersaremoretightlywovenandmaketheleatherlongerwearing.Shoulder:Shoulderhideislessuniformindensityandappearance.Lessdurablebutmoreaffordableleather.Belly:Thebellyareayieldsthethinnestandleastdurableleather. Allareasofthehidearegradedduringcutting,separatedintoA,BorCgradesinsizeandshape.SOLINGSYSTEM

UPPERSFullgrainleather:Theouterlayerisprintedorsmoothlyfinished,breathablewaterresistantandbearsahighabrasionresistance.Thelowerlayerprovidesstrengthandhashighmoistureabsorptioncapabilities.Pullupleather:Afullgrainsmoothlyfinishedleatherandoiltanned.Thelowerlayerprovidesstrengthandabsorptioncapabilities.Crazyhorseleather:isatypeofPullupleather.Oilisappliedunderpressureathightemperaturetoachievearuggedfinish.Nubuckleather:Theouterlayerislightlybuffed,hasasilkyfeelandisoiltannedforwaterresistance.Thelowerlayerprovidesstrengthandabsorptioncapabilities.Buffaloleather:Lessdurableandcheaperthancowhide.Ifitdoesn'tsaywhatkindofleatheritis,thenitisprobablyWaterBuffalo.Splitleather:Suedelayerhaslessdurableandlessbreathableduetothestampingbutisverycheapsincemultiplelayerscanbeachievedfromasinglehide.Actionleather:AdryprocessedsyntheticleatherofwhichPUcoatedsplitleather.

LINERSTextile:Textilesinsertsensureoptimalclimatemanagementwithintheshoe.Ventilating,lightweightandfashionableappeal.Nylonmesh:Nylonmeshisanopenedwoventextileconstruction.Lightweightandmaximumventilationforcoolingsystem.Cambrelle:Anonwovensyntheticfabric,comfortandabrasionresistance.Preventsthebuildupofbacteriathatcancausemildew,rotandodor.Cordura:Corduraoffersoutstandingdurabilityandexcellentresistancetotearandpuncture. GoreTex:Awaterproofandbreathablefabric.Outstandingmoistureabsorptionandtransfer.Thermallybalancing.Nappaleather:Smoothfinishedupperlayer.Lowerlayerprovidesstrengthandexcellentabsorption.SAFETYTOECAPMATERIALSSteeltoecaps:Manufacturedfromhighcarbonsteelandheattreatedformaximumimpactprotection.Aluminiumtoecaps:Manufacturedfromaluminiumalloystocreatelightweight,hiimpacttoecapprotection. 50%lighterthantraditionalsteeltoecaps.CompositeToecaps:Manufacturedfromnonmetalliccompositematerialstocreatelightweight.Over25%lighterthantraditionalsteeltoecaps.SAFETYTOECAPCLASSESSafetyRange:200JouleratedsafetytoecapsarerecommendedforuseinAgriculture,MiningandQuarrying,Bushundertakings,BuildingandConstruction,Waterfront,HeavyEngineering,FreezingWorksandMeatworks. ProtectiveRange:100JouleratedsafetytoecapsarerecommendedforuseinLightEngineering,Transport,Storage,CommunicationsandLightwoodworking.INSOLETheinsoleistheinteriorbottomofashoewhichsitsdirectlybeneaththefoot.Removable,replaceableandextrainsolesareoftenaddedforcomfort.Insolesarealsosometimesreferredtoasfootbeds,innersolesorinnersoles.Polyurethane(PUR):Excellentbreathability,smoothrubberyfeel,superiorabrasionresistanceandimpactprotection.EthyleneVinylAcetate(EVA):Aclosedcellfoam,lightweight,durability,abrasionresistanceandimpactabsorbtion.Polyethylene(PE):Afoamedpolyethyleneofclosedcellconstruction.Laminatedtoothermaterialsforincreasedreinforcement.PolyVinylChloride(PVC):Apolyvinylchloridefoamcompound.Odorlessandwaterresistance.MIDSOLEThemiddlelayerbetweentheoutsoleandtheinsoleofashoeprovidingstability,flexibility,cushioninganddurabilitytothefoot.Foam:Particularlysuitableforuseasamidsolematerialforanathleticshoe,comprisespolyethylenemodifiedbyanelastomermodifierandcrosslinked,preferablyusingaperoxidecrosslinkingagent,toformaclosedcellfoammaterialwhichhassuperiorstrengthproperties,improvedenergyreturnandreducedsensitivitytotemperaturechange.Paperboard:Awoodfiber,waterresistanceandpermeability.Fiberboard:Goodfoldingstrength,stability,strongwaterresistance,fairelasticityandeconomy.StainlessSteel:safetymidsoleplatesforsafetyfootwear.OUTSOLETheoutsoleisthelayerindirectcontactwiththeground.NaturalRubber(NR):Excellentslipresistanceevenatwetconditions.NitrileRubber(NBR):Excellentresistancetooils,abrasion,andripping.Heatresistanceupto300CPolyurethane(PUR):Excellentimpactabsorption.Lightweightandflexible.Heatresistanceupto130CThermoPlasticUrethane(TPU):Superiorgripandabrasionresistance.Resistanttotemperaturesupto130CWillnotmarkfloors.LighterthanPUandRubber.PolyVinylChloride(PVC):Easeofprocessingandlowcosthasledtoitsincreasingshareofthefootwearmarket.Itisagoodchoiceforcasualorwaterproofshoesandbootsbutdoesnothavethetractionordurabilityneededforhighperformancefootwear.

SIZINGCHART

Men 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Women 3 4 5 6

Length(mm) 220.0 228.5 237.0 245.5 254.0 262.5 271.0 279.5 288.0 296.5 305.0

WhatshouldIknowwhenIbuyfootwearforwork?

Goodfootwearshouldhavethefollowingqualities:

Theinnersideoftheshoemustbestraightfromtheheeltotheendofthebigtoe Theshoemustgriptheheelfirmly Theforepartmustallowfreedomofmovementforthetoes Theshoemusthaveafasteningacrosstheinsteptopreventthefootfromslippingwhenwalking Theshoemusthavealow,widebasedheel;flatshoesarerecommended

Peoplebuyingfootwearforworkshouldtakethefollowingadvice:

Donotexpectthatfootwearwhichistootightwillstretchwithwear Havebothfeetmeasuredwhenbuyingshoes.Feetnormallydifferinsize Buyshoestofitthebiggerfoot Buyshoeslateintheafternoonwhenfeetarelikelytobeswollentotheirmaximumsize Askadoctor'sadviceifproperlyfittingshoesarenotavailable Considerusingshockabsorbinginsoleswherethejobrequireswalkingorstandingonhardfloors

Whenselectingfootwear,oneshouldrememberthattightsocksorstockingscancrampthetoesasmuchaspoorlyfittedshoes.Wrinkledsocks,orsocksthataretoolargeortoosmall,cancauseblisters.Whitewoollenorcottonsocksmayberecommendedsincecoloredsockscauseskinallergiesinsomepeople.

WhatshouldIknowaboutthefitandcareofsafetyfootwear?

Fit:

Walkinnewfootweartoensureitiscomfortable. Bootsshouldhaveampletoeroom(toesshouldbeabout12.5mmfromthefront) Makeallowancesforextrasocksorspecialarchsupportswhenbuyingboots. Bootsshouldfitsnuglyaroundtheheelandanklewhenlaced. Laceupbootsfully.Highcutbootsprovidesupportagainstankleinjury

Care:

Useaprotectivecoatingtomakefootwearwaterresistant. Inspectfootwearregularlyfordamage. Repairorreplacewornordefectivefootwear. Electricshockresistanceoffootwearisgreatlyreducedbywetconditionsandwithwear

AMERICANPROTECTIVEFOOTWEARSELECTIONANSIZ41dividesprotectivefootwearintothefollowingsixclasses:

Section1:ImpactandCompressionResistance(I/C)Providesatestforashoescapacitytoprotectthetoeareaofthefootagainstfallingorrollingobjects.Therearethreelevelsofprotection:Class30,50,and75.Class75isthehighestlevelandisrecommendedformostapplications.Section2:Metatarsal(Mt)Providesstandardsfortheprotectionoftheupperfoot(metatarsalbones)andtoeareas.Designedtopreventorreduceinjurieswhenthetoeandmetatarsalareasofthefootareexposedtodrophazards.Therearethreelevelsofprotection:Class30,50and75.Class75isthehighestlevelandisrecommendedformostapplications.Section3:ConductiveFootwear(Cd)Conductivefootwearisdesignedtodischargestaticelectricityfromyourbodythroughyourshoesintogroundedfloors.Floorsmustbegroundedsothatachargecanbedissipated.Conductivefootwearisdesignedandmanufacturedtominimizestaticelectricityandtoreducethepossibilityofignitionofvolatilechemicals,explosives,orexplosivedusts.WarningConductivefootwearmayNOTbewornnearopenelectricalcircuitsorhighlychargedobjectsofanykindthatrequireElectricalHazard(NONconductive)footwear.Section4:ElectricalHazardProtectiveSoleandHeel(EH)ThesoleconstructionofElectricalHazardfootwearisdesignedtoreducethehazardsduetothecontactofthesolewithelectricallyenergizedpartsandtoprovidesecondaryelectricalhazardsprotectiononsubstantiallyinsulatedsurfaces.Thesolesofelectricalhazardsfootweararedesignedtoreducethepotentialofelectricalshockwhensolesareexposedtoopencircuits(600voltsACorless).WarningElectricalHazardnonconductivefootwearmaynotbewornnearexplosivesorinotherenvironmentsthatrequireConductivefootwear.Section5:SolePunctureResistantProtectiveDevice(PR)Footwearincludesasolepunctureresistantprotectivedevice.Thisreducesthepossibilityofpuncturewoundstothesolesofthefeetbyobjectsthatcouldpenetratetheoutsolesofthefootwear.Theprotectiveplatemustbeanintegralpartoftheshoe.Section6:StaticDissipative(SD)Footweardesignedtoreducetheaccumulationofexcessstaticelectricitybyconductingbodychargetoground,whilemaintainingahighenoughlevelofelectricalresistance.

HazardTypes/Area Impact&Compression

Metatarsal Conductive ElectricalHazard

PunctureResistance

StaticDissipative

Fallingobjects Required Recommended

Rollingobjects Required Recommended

Sharpobjectsa)glass/nails/rocksorothersharpobjects

Required Required

ExplosionResultingfroma)blackpowderb)volatilesubstancesc)dust(cottongrainelevators)

Required Required Donotuse Donotuse

ElectricalHazardsa)opencircuits/dryenvironmentb)dielectric/nonconductivefootwearopencircuits(600VorlessAC)

Required Donotuse Required Donotuse

Electroniccomponents Required Recommended

Note:RequiredTomeettherequirementsofANSIZ41StandardaprotectivetoecapisrequiredDonotuseUseinthisareaisdangerousandmayresultinsevereinjury.RecommendedTheresultsofaHazardAssessmentmayormaynotrequirethisspecialfeature

RequirementsofANSIZ41

TheANSIstandardincorporatesacodingsystemthatmanufacturersusetoidentifytheportionsofthestandardwithwhichthefootwearcomplies.Theidentificationcodemustbelegible(printed,stamped,stitched,etc.)ononeshoeofeachpairofprotectivefootwear.

ANSIZ41PT99FI/75C/75Mt/75EHPR

Line#1:ANSIZ41PT99:ThislineidentifiestheANSIstandard.ThelettersPTindicatetheprotectivetoesectionofthestandard.Thisisfollowedbythelasttwodigitsoftheyearofthestandardwithwhichthefootwearmeetscompliance(1999).

Line#2:FI/75C/75:Thislineidentifiestheapplicablegender[M(Male)orF(Female)]forwhichthefootwearisintended.Italsoidentifiestheexistenceofimpactresistance(I),theimpactresistancerating(75,50or30footpounds),compressionresistance(C)andthecompressionresistancerating(75,50or30whichcorrelatesto2500pounds,1750pounds,and1000poundsofcompressionrespectively).

Lines3&4:MtCdEHPR&SD:Lines3and4areusedtoreferenceadditionalsectionsinthestandard.Theyareusetodesignatemetatarsal(Mt)resistanceandrating,conductive(Cd)properties,electricalhazard(EH),punctureresistance(PR)andstaticdissipative(SD)properties,ifapplicable.Line4isonlyusedwhenmorethanthreesectionsofANSIZ41apply.

Thepurposeofmetatarsalfootwearistopreventorreducetheseverityofinjurytothemetatarsalandtoeareas.Theexistenceofmetatarsalresistance(Mt)andtherating(75,50or30footpounds)isidentified.

Conductive(Cd)footwearisintendedtoprotectthewearerinanenvironmentwheretheaccumulationofstaticelectricityonthebodyisahazard.Itisdesignedtodissipatestateelectricityfromthebodytotheground.Theelectricalresistancemustrangebetweenzeroand500,000ohms.

Electricalhazard(EH)footwearismanufacturedwithnonconductiveelectricalshockresistantsolesandheals.Itisintendedtoprovideasecondarysourceofprotectionagainstaccidentalcontactwithliveelectricalcircuits,electricallyenergizedconductors,partsorapparatus.Itmustbecapableofwithstandingtheapplicationof14,000voltsat60hertzforoneminutewithnocurrentfloworleakagecurrentinexcessof3.0milliamperes,underdryconditions.

Thepurposeofsolepunctureresistant(PR)protectivefootwearistoreducethepossibilityofinjurycausedbysharpobjectsthatmaypenetratethesolesofthefootwear.Thepunctureresistantdevicemustbeanintegralpartofthefootwearandmustbeconstructedintotheshoeduringthemanufacturingprocess.Thefootwearmustwithstandaminimumforceof270pounds.Devicesconstructedofmetalmustpassthecorrosionresistancetestingandshownosignofcorrosionafterbeingexposedtoafivepercentsaltsolutionfor24hours.Thepunctureresistantfootwearmustshownosignsofcrackingafterbeingsubjectedto1.5millionflexes.

Staticdissipative(SD)footwearisdesignedtoreducetheaccumulationofexcessstaticelectricitybyconductingbodychargetogroundwhilemaintainingasufficientlyhighlevelofresistance.TherearetwostaticdissipativeclassificationsTypeIandTypeII.Bothtypeshavealowerlimitofresistanceof106ohms.TypeIfootwearselectricalresistancemustnotexceed108ohms,whichisgenerallyconsideredacceptableforsemiconductorapplications.TypeIIfootwearselectricalresistancemustnotexceed109ohmsandhasapplicationsinworkenvironmentslessdemandingthanTypeI.

ConductivefootwearisdefinedbyANSIZ411999asanyunwornfootwearhavingaresistanceofzero(0)tofivehundredthousand(500,000)Ohms.Themainpointstonoteinthissectionofthestandardarethat1.Thefootwearisto"unworn"whentested.2.Thevoltageistobe500Volts.3.Theprobeis2.5inchesindiameterandisallmetal.4.Theresistanceofthistypefootwearisbetween0and500,000Ohms.5.Therearenosubclassificationsofconductivefootwearinthisstandardafter1999.

StaticDissipativeFootwearisdefinedbyANSIZ411999asanyfootwearwhentestedwhilebeingwornbyapersonandhavingaresistancefromtheperson'shandtoagroundplaneofoneMegOhmto1000MegOhms.Themainpointstonoteinthissectionofthestandardarethat1.Thefootwearistobewornbyapersonwhentested.2.Thevoltageistobe50Volts.3.Themeasurementisbetweentheperson'shandandagroundplane.4.Theresistanceofthistypefootwearisbetween1MegOhmand1000MegOhms.5.TherearetwosubclassificationsofStaticDissipativefootwearinthisstandardafter1999.6.Themeasurementcircuitcallsforanunspecifiedcurrentlimitofthepowersupply. InZ41,Conductivefootwearistestedat500Voltswitha5lb.metalprobeonly.ThisissimilartoESDS9.1whichusesashotfilledsockintheshoeonanaluminuminsertandmeasuredat100Volts.

InZ41,Staticdissipativefootwearistestedincombinationwiththepersononagroundedplaneat50Volts.ThisissimilartoESDS97.1whichteststheresistanceofthecombinationoftheperson,footwearandfloor.

ASTMF241305Requirements

TheASTMF241305standardcoversminimumrequirementsforthedesign,performance,testingandclassificationofprotectivefootwear.ThefollowingisanexampleofanASTMmarkingthatmaybefoundonprotectivefootwear:

ASTMF241305MI/75/C/75/Mt75PRCS

Line#1:ASTMF241305:ThislineidentifiestheASTMstandarditindicatesthattheprotectivefootwearmeetstheperformancerequirementsofASTMF2413issuedin2005.

Line#2:MI/75C/75Mt75:Thislineidentifiesthegender[M(Male)orF(Female)]oftheuser.Italsoidentifiestheexistenceofimpactresistance(I),theimpactresistancerating(75or50footpounds),compressionresistance(C)andthecompressionresistancerating(75or50whichcorrelatesto2500pounds.and1750poundsofcompressionrespectively).Themetatarsaldesignation(Mt)andrating(75or50footpounds)isalsoidentified.

Lines3&4:PRCSLines3and4areusedtoidentifyfootwearmadetoofferprotectionfromotherspecifictypesofhazardsreferencedinthestandard.Theyareusedtodesignateconductive(Cd)properties,electricalinsulationproperties(EH),footweardesignedtoreducetheaccumulationofexcessstaticelectricity(SD),punctureresistance(PR),chainsawcutresistance(CS)anddielectricinsulation(DI),ifapplicable.Line4isonlyusedwhenmorethanthreesectionsoftheASTMstandardapply.

Conductive(Cd)footwearisintendedtoprovideprotectionfortheweareragainsthazardsthatmayresultfromstaticelectricitybuildupandtoreducethepossibilityofignitionofexplosivesorvolatilechemicals.Thefootwearmustfacilitateelectricalconductivityandthetransferofstaticelectricitybuildupfromthebodytotheground.Theelectricalresistancemustrangebetweenzeroand500,000ohms.

Electricalshockresistant(EH)footwearismanufacturedwithnonconductiveelectricalshockresistantsolesandheals.Theoutsoleisintendedtoprovideasecondarysourceofelectricshockresistanceprotectiontotheweareragainstthehazardsfromanincidentalcontactwithliveelectricalcircuits,electricallyenergizedconductors,partsorapparatus.Itmustbecapableofwithstandingtheapplicationof14,000voltsat60hertzforoneminutewithnocurrentfloworleakagecurrentinexcessof3.0milliamperes,underdryconditions.

Staticdissipative(SD)footwearisdesignedtoprovideprotectionagainsthazardsthatmayexistduetoexcessivelylowfootwearresistance,aswellasmaintainasufficientlyhighlevelofresistancetoreducethepossibilityofelectricshock.Thefootwearmusthavealowerlimitofelectricalresistanceof106ohmsandanupperlimitof108ohms.

Punctureresistant(PR)footwearisdesignedsothatapunctureresistantplateispositionedbetweentheinsoleandoutsole.Itisanintegralandpermanentpartofthefootwear.DevicesconstructedofmetalmustpasstheASTMB117PracticeforOperatingSaltSpray(FogApparatus)corrosionresistancetesting.Thedevicemustshownosignofcorrosionafterbeingexposedtoafivepercentsaltsolutionfor24hours.Thepunctureresistantfootwearmustshownosignsofcrackingafterbeingsubjectedto1.5millionflexesandhaveaminimumpunctureresistanceof270pounds.

Chainsawcutresistant(CS)footwearisdesignedtoprovideprotectiontothewearersfeetwhenoperatingachainsaw.Itisintendedtoprotectthefootareabetweenthetoeandlowerleg.ThisfootwearmustmeettheASTMF1818SpecificationforFootProtectionforChainsawUsersstandard.

Dielectricinsulation(DI)footwearisdesignedtoprovideadditionalinsulationifaccidentalcontactismadewithenergizedelectricalconductors,apparatusorcircuits.ItmustmeettheminimuminsulationperformancerequirementsofASTMF1117(SpecificationforDielectricFootwear)andbetestedinaccordancewithASTMF1116(TestMethodforDeterminingDielectricStrengthofDielectricFootwear).

AddOnDevicesAnimportantpointtorememberisthatneithertheANSInorASTMstandardallowsfortheuseofaddontypedevicesstraponfoot,toeormetatarsalguardsasasubstituteforprotectivefootwear.

EUROPEANSTANDARDFOOTWEARCLASSIFICATION

C E E N 3 4 6 - 1 C E E N 3 4 5 - 1 A d d i t i o n a l S a f e t y F e a t u r e s Protective Footwear. Safety Footwear. Should these products offer Lower protection. Highest protection. some extra protective feature, Toecaps tested to 100 joules. Toecaps tested to 200 joules. then the appropriate symbol P classification. S classification. would be added.

PB Basic protection. 100 joule SB Basic safety protection. 200 joule P Penetration resistance offered by a steel midsole: 1100 Newtons.

P1 100 joule toecap protection. S1 200 joule toecap protection. Closed seat region (fully enclosed Closed seat region (fully enclosed C Conductive footwear heel) Antistatic properties. Energy heel) Antistatic properties. Energy absorption of seat region. absorption of seat region. A Antistatic footwear. Range 100k to

1000m P2 100 joule toecap protection. S2 200 joule toecap protection.

Closed seat region (fully enclosed Closed seat region (fully enclosed HI Insulation against heat heel) Antistatic properties. Energy heel) Antistatic properties. Energy absorption of seat region. Plus absorption of seat region. Plus CI Insulation against cold water penetration and water water penetration and water absorption resistance. absorption resistance. E Heel energy absorption: 20 joules

P3 100 joule toecap protection. S3 200 joule toecap protection. WRU Water penetration and water

Closed seat region (fully enclosed Closed seat region (fully enclosed absorption resistant uppers heel) Antistatic properties. Energy heel) Antistatic properties. Energy absorption of seat region. Water absorption of seat region. Water HRO Heat resistant outsole up to 300C penetration and water absorption penetration and water absorption resistance. Plus penetration resistance. Plus penetration ORO Oil resistant outsole resistance. Cleated outsole. resistance. Cleated outsole.

S4 200 joule toecap protection. All

rubber or all polymeric footwear with antistatic properties. Energy

absorption of seat region. S5 200 joule toecap protection. All

rubber or all polymeric footwear with antistatic properties. Energy absorption of seat region. Plus penetration resistance. Cleated outsole.

UnitedStates

Mostsafetyshoeshavesymbolsontheoutside,toindicatetheprotectiontheshoeoffers.Examplesare:

GreenTriangleindicatesthatitisaclass1toecapwithpunctureresistantsole YellowTriangleindicatesthatitisaclass2toecapwithpunctureresistantsole WhiteSquare(withohmsymbol)indicateselectricalprotection YellowSquare(withSD)indicatesantistaticprotection RedSquare(withC)indicateselectricallyconductive FirTreeindicatesprotectionagainstchainsawsEurope

TheInternationalOrganizationforStandardizationprovidestheEuropeanstandardforSafetyfootwear.ThecurrentoneisISO20345:2004previouslyBSEN3451:1993ThecodesapplicabletoEuropeansafetyfootwearare:

ProtectedArea TypeofProtection Code

SteelToe

BasicImpact200joulesincludingcompression15,000newtons SB

200jouletoecapprotection.Closedseatregion(fullyenclosedheel).Antistaticproperties.Energyabsorptionofseatregion.

S1

200jouletoecapprotection.Closedseatregion(fullyenclosedheel).Antistaticproperties.Energyabsorptionofseatregion.Waterpenetrationandwaterabsorptionresistance.

S2

200jouletoecapprotection.Closedseatregion(fullyenclosedheel).Antistaticproperties.Energyabsorptionofseatregion.Waterpenetrationandwaterabsorptionresistance.Solepenetrationresistance.Cleatedoutsole.

S3

Additionalprotections

Outsoleresistancetohotcontact:upto300C HRO

Penetrationresistanceofferedbyasteelmidsole:1100newtons P

Heelenergyabsorption:20joules E

Waterpenetrationresistantuppers WRU

ElectricalresistanceConductive:Maximumresistance100k O

Antistatic:Rangeof100kto1000M A

HostileenvironmentsInsulationagainstcold CI

Insulationagainstheat HI

ThereisalsoENISO20346:2004forprotectivefootwear(mustcomplytobasicsafetyrequirementsbuttoecapimpactresistancerequirementislower100Joules)&ENISO20347:2004forOccupationalFootwear(mustcomplytobasicsafetyrequirementswithantistaticorslipresistantproperties.Thisstandarddoesnotrequireaprotectivetoecap)

AsiaSafetyshoestandardsinAsiaare:

Australia:AS/NZS2210.3:2009 China:GB21148&An1,An2,An3,An4,An5 India:JASANZISO9001:2000 Indonesia:SNI0111:2009 Japan:JIST8101 Korea:KSNo.7419 Malaysia:SIRIMMA1598:1998 Singapore:SS5131:2005 Thailand:TIS5232011

FOOTvsSHOE

Thelengthofafootiscommonlydefinedasthedistancebetweentwoparallellinesthatareperpendiculartothefootandincontactwiththemostprominenttoeandthemostprominentpartoftheheel.Footlengthismeasuredwiththesubjectstandingbarefootandtheweightofthebodyequallydistributedonbothfeet.

Thesizesoftheleftandrightfeetareoftenslightlydifferent.Inthiscase,bothfeetaremeasured,andpurchasersofmassproducedshoesareadvisedtopurchaseashoesizebaseduponthelargerfootbecause,contrarytotherealityoffootsizes,mostmanufacturersdonotsellpairsofshoesinnonmatchingsizes.

Eachsizeofshoeisconsideredsuitableforasmallintervaloffootlengths.Theinnercavityofashoemusttypicallybe1520mmlongerthanthefoot,butthisrelationvariesbetweendifferenttypesofshoes.

LASTINGCONSTRUCTIONS

SOLECONSTRUCTIONS

References:OccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministrationwww.osha.govAmericanNationalStandardsInstitutewww.ansi.orgTheSafetyEquipmentInstitutewww.seinet.orgAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterialswww.astm.orgEuropeanCommitteeforStandardizationwww.cen.euTheEuropeanUnionwww.europa.euTheBritishStandardsInstitutionwww.bsigroup.com