Development and testing of “foot step energy generator”

Supervised by: Prof. Dr. Altaf Hussain Rajpar

Zohaib Khalid 09ME24 (Group leader)Adil 09ME25 (Asst: Group leader)Zafar Shadab 09ME18Adil Ammas 09ME15Yasir Hashmi 09ME93

Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology

BackgroundIn the present days the energy is vital issue of social society. Energy is a major input in all the sectors to improve the economy of country. There are many issues due to which ongoing energy crises have engulf the country some important issues are given below:

• Rapid population growth.• Change of living standard of the human being.• Mismanagement.• Lack of awareness of emerging energy generation techniques.

IntroductionFor an alternative method to generate electricity there are number of methods by which electricity can be produced, out of such methods, foot step energy generation can be an effective method to generate electricity.

Conventional & non conventional energy sourcesEnergy which is produced by such methods which are quietfamiliar to a country is called conventional source for that country where as the sources which are not familiar to a country are called non conventional energy sources for thatcountry.

Conventional and non conventional sources within Pakistan

Conventional sources:• Thermal energy66.5 % energy of Pakistan is generated by thermal power plants

• Nuclear energy3.4 % energy of Pakistan is generated by nuclear power plants

• Hydel energy29.9 % energy of Pakistan is generated by hydel power plants

Non Conventional sources:• Wind energy

• Tidal energy

• Solar energy

• Foot step energy generator

Steps included in the manufacturing of foot step energy generator

• Drawing project on Auto CAD• Material selection• Manufacturing and Assembly• Testing and results• Conclusion

Drawing project on Auto CAD Hydraulically operated Plunger

Fixed cylinder

Pipe nipple

Piston cylinder

Rack

Pinion

DC generator

Piston rod

Stud and springs

LeverSpring

DC generator Rectangular casing

Flywheel

Bearing

RackPinion

Lever operated

Material selection Mild steel is a type of steel that contains

small amount of carbon and other elements. It is softer and more easily shaped than higher carbon steels. It also bends a long way instead of breaking because it is ductile.

Mild Steel is basically a carbon steel which contains • 0.25% Carbon

• 0.4%-0.7% Manganese• 0.1%-0.5% Silicon

Manufacturing and assembly

ManufacturingManufacturing of foot step energy generator includes certain machining process such as• Drilling • Bending• Shearing• Threading• Welding• Cutting

• Lever

Components of Foot step energy generator

A lever is a machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum.It is the simplest machine which is basically used to reduce the human effort.

30.48cm

25.4cm

• Rack & pinionRack and pinion is used to convert linear motion to rotary motion.In foot step energy generator pinion consists of 12 teeth and pitch circle diameter is 1 inch.Rack is 45.2 cm long and consists of 50 teeth.

Gear ratio =

• ShaftShaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation. In foot step energy generator pinion and ratchet gear are mounted on the same shaft.

17.78cm

2.5cm

• Ball bearingThe purpose of ball bearing is to reduce rotational friction and support radial and axial loads.The diameter of inner ring is2.5cm.

2.5cm

• Ratchet gearA ratchet is a mechanical device that allows continuous linear or rotary motion in only one direction while preventing motion in the opposite direction.

• FlywheelA flywheel is a rotating mechanical device that is used to store rotational energy. In foot step energy generator flywheel is used to drive the DC generator.

• DC generator (Dynamo)It is an electrical device which is used to convert mechanical into electrical energy, 30 volt DC generator has been used in foot step energy generator.

Complete assembly of Project

Testing and resultsWe analyze the foot step energy generator by applying load of 40kg on the lever and system gave the following results.

CONSTANT LOAD NUMBER OF TIME LOAD APPLIED AND

REMOVED

VOLTAGE GENERATED

40kg 1 5 Volt

40kg 2 10Volt

40kg 3 15Volt

40kg 4 20Volt

40kg 5 20Volt

40kg 6 20Volt

40kg 7 20Volt

RESULTS AT CONSTANT LOAD

ConclusionFoot step energy generator is suitable for Small amount of power generation such as charging cell phones, door lightning and hoarding street lamps.

For efficient working it should be used Where people walk frequently such as malls,foot paths and stairs.

Recommendations for further modifications• A suspension box can be made to avoid the angular motion of the lever.• Gear box can be used to increase the output of the generator.• By changing flywheel material we can get more torque from flywheel.

Thanks