Mental Disorders

Made by Vadim Patrascu

What is a Mental Disorders

Mental Disorder: Illness of the mind that can affect

the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of a person PREVENTING them from leading a happy, healthful productive life.

WHY ARE WE NOT SEEKING TREATEMENT???? Each year approximately 57.7 million

people in the US are affected by mental disorders.

Many do not seek treatment because they feel embarrassed or ashamed.

2/3 of those with a mental disorder are not getting treatment

Treatment is 90% effective One word………STIGMA!

Understanding Mental DisordersStigma

A mark of shame or disapproval that results in an individual being shunned or rejected by others.

Historical views and stigma Medieval to Modern times Mental

Illness has been associated with stigma. Mental Illness once thought individuals

were possessed with demons. Today though we have in depth

knowledge of Mental Illness some still view those as weak, dangerous or responsible for their situation.

Effects of Stigmas

Insurance Housing Jobs Getting the best treatment or

treatment at all Social Self esteem

Important to Understand About Mental Disorders

Mental disorders are REAL

Mental Disorders are TREATABLE

Understanding builds compassion for those that suffer with mental disorders

Familiar Faces of Mental Illness

Types of Mental Disorders Autism Disorder Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Bipolar Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder Dissociative Disorders Dual Diagnosis and Integrated Treatment of Mental Illness and

Substance Abuse Disorder Eating Disorders Major Depression Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) Panic Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Schizoaffective Disorder Schizophrenia Seasonal Affective Disorder Suicide Tourette's Syndrome

A Few Disorders in Depth

Hypochondria

a disorder characterized by a preoccupation with body functions and the interpretation of normal body sensations.

Reassurance by physicians and others only serves to increase the hypochondriac's persistent anxiety about their health.

Anxiety Disorder

real or imagined fears that are difficult to control

13% of children ages 9 and 17 experience an anxiety disorder each year.

Bipolar Disorder

extreme mood changes, energy levels and behavior.

Manic: extreme highs

depressive: extreme lows.

PET scan of bipolar brain

Depressed state Manic state Depressed state

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

is an anxiety disorder and is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions).

*Repetitive behaviors such as handwashing, counting, checking, or cleaning are often performed with the hope of preventing obsessive thoughts or making them go away. Performing these so-called "rituals," however, provides only temporary relief, and not performing them markedly increases anxiety

Depression

Prolonged feelings of Helplessness, hopelessness and sadness.

**Clinical Depression: 2 weeks or longer

Types of Depression

Major: intense can last for weeks or months

Mild: less severe can last for years

Adjustment disorder: reaction to a specific life event (divorce, break up, job loss etc.)

Cause and Effects of DepressionCauses can be PHYSICAL,

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL reasons

Medical conditions

Traumatic events Social or environmental factors such

as: poverty physical/emotional harmful environments.

Panic Disorder

an uncontrollable panic response to ordinary, nonthreatening situations.

symptoms during a panic attack: sweating; hot or cold flashes; choking or smothering sensations;

racing heart; labored breathing; trembling; chest pains; faintness; numbness; nausea; disorientation; or feelings of dying, losing control, or losing one's mind.  Panic attacks typically last about 10 minutes, but may be a few minutes shorter or longer.  During the attack, the physical and emotional symptoms increase quickly in a crescendo-like way and then subside.  A person may feel anxious and jittery for many hours after experiencing a panic attack.

Dissociative Identity Disorder Formerly called Multiple Personality

Disorder The presence of 2 or more distinct

identities or personality states that recurrently take control of behavior.

Each personality has its own memories, behavior patterns and social relations

Misconception: schizophrenia = having multiple

personalities

Dissociative Identity Disorder Identities may have contrasting

personalities which may emerge in certain circumstances and may differ in reported age and gender, vocabulary use, general attitude and predominant affect.

Time to switch between identities is usually only a matter of seconds and often accompanied by visible changes.

Phobia

irrational, involuntary, and inappropriate fears of ordinary situations or things. People who have phobias can experience panic attacks when confronted with the situation or object about which they feel phobic

Phobias are usually chronic (long-term), distressing disorders that

keep people from ordinary activities and places. They can lead to other serious problems, such as depression. In fact, at least half of those who suffer with phobias and panic disorders also have depression. Alcoholism, loss of productivity, secretiveness, and feelings of shame and low self-esteem also occur with this illness. Some people are unable to go anywhere or do anything outside their homes without the help of others they trust.

Tourette syndromeTS

is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple physical (motor) tics and at least one vocal (phonic) tic. These tics characteristically wax and wane, can be suppressed temporarily, and are preceded by a premonitory urge. Tourette's is defined as part of a spectrum of tic disorders, which includes provisional, transient and persistent (chronic) tics.

Post Traumatic Disorder

an anxiety disorder that can occur after someone experiences a traumatic event that caused intense fear, helplessness, or horror.

(e.g., rape, war, natural disasters, abuse, serious accidents, and captivity) OR from the WITNESSING or LEARNING of a violent or tragic event.

Autism is a disorder of neural

development characterized by impaired social interaction and verbal and non-verbal communication, and by restricted, repetitive or stereotyped behavior. The diagnostic criteria require that symptoms become apparent before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood.

Repetitively stacking or lining up objects is a behavior sometimes associated with individuals with autism.

Suicide In those with mental health problems a number of

treatments may reduce the risk of suicide. Those who are actively suicidal may be admitted to psychiatric care either voluntarily or involuntarily.Possessions that may be used to harm oneself are typically removed. Some clinicians get patients to sign suicide prevention contracts where they agree to not harm themselves if released. Evidence however does not support a significant effect from this practice. If a person is at low risk, out-patient mental health treatment may be arranged. Short-term hospitalization has not been found to be more effective than community care for improving outcomes in those with borderline personality disorder who are chronically suicidal.

statistics

 Greenland  116.9 45.0 83.0 2011

16  Moldova 17.4 2008

Researchers have blamed insomnia caused by incessant dayligh

Getting Help

Mental Disorders can be very serious and debilitating BUT there is treatment.

Treating Disorders takes TIME, PERSISTENCE AND PATIENCE.

THE END