For TomorrowFor TomorrowFeuchtless!Bring Your Book!1.) Read for 546-554 for quiz Friday

Know Carnegie-Mother Jones2.) 1 5–7 sentence response to Varying

Viewpoints Question 1 or 2

Transcontinental RR -Transcontinental RR -Union Pacific RR & Central Pacific RRgov. subsidies -Irish -Chinese –meet in 1869 in Ogden, UtahImp. :1-2-3-

RRs Flourish!RRs Flourish!steel rails -

Cornelius Vanderbilt, NY Central -standard gauge tracks - Westinghouse air brake -Pullman "Palace Cars“ -Labor still dangerous (1888 = 20,000 inj.)

Impact of RR on USImpact of RR on USNational Economy -Industrialization -Mining and Agriculture -Immigration -Environment -Time (1883) -Wealth -

Dirty Tricks in RR Biz!Dirty Tricks in RR Biz!“stock watering” -bribery -The "pool“ -“rebates” and “kickbacks” -price gouging -

Early Efforts to regulateEarly Efforts to regulatebegins with the states in 1870s –Wabash v. Illinois (1886) -Interstate Commerce Act (1887) –1 – outlawed _____ & ______2 – must publish ___________3 – created ICC –

The First! –but . . .

2nd Industrial Revolution 2nd Industrial Revolution1860: 4th 1894: 1st WHY?1.) "liquid capital" –2.) natural resources -3.) cheap labor -4.) “American ingenuity”

Bell – ‘ 76 - Sholes – ’67 - Edison – ’79 - Drake – ’59 -

ScheduleSchedule554-562 for Monday623-630 for Tuesday630-638 for WednesdayChapter 25 & 28 Exam next THURSDAY

Tactics of the “Robber Barons” Tactics of the “Robber Barons”vertical integration -Carnegiesteelhorizontal integration -John D. Rockefelleroil"trust" -

Carnegie, Morgan, & SteelCarnegie, Morgan, & SteelSteel Boom:Bessemer Process -access to coal and iron orelaborAndrew Carnegie -Bought out by JP Morgan in 1900 -Morgan forms US Steel in 1901

Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Co. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Co. kerosene –1877 – 95% of all _________oil business killed by ________ then revived by _____________

His TacticsHis Tacticsconsolidate –1-2- ruthlessly price-out all competitionvideo stores? –oligopoly -monopoly -

How do we think about this insane wealth?How do we think about this insane wealth?Social Darwinism –The Gospel of Wealth –

Horatio Alger –myth or reality?

Constitutional safeguards for industry Constitutional safeguards for industry

Wabash v. Illinois ruling –Interstate Commerce ClauseThe 14th Amendmentinterpret corporations as

‘persons“ –protects -

Sherman Anti-Trust Act - 1890Sherman Anti-Trust Act - 1890goal -problem -actually used to break-up

___________ .but . . .

ScheduleSchedule623-630 for Tuesday630-638 for WednesdayChapter 25 & 28 Exam THURSDAY

The Birth of UnionsThe Birth of UnionsWhy? more _______ than ________

Goal = collective bargainingsolidarity –power comes from -The First 2 Big Unions:1.2.

2 Types of Unions2 Types of UnionsCraft Union –Samuel Gompers & The AFL -Industrial Union –Eugene V. Debs & The ARU -strike – scab – Pinkertons-socialism – IWW -lockouts - yellow dog contracts– black

lists–company town -

end of the Jeffersonian ideala nation of wage-earners

slave to the clockindustrial virtues taught in schoolwomen

The “Gibson Girl” ideal –stenographers and "hello girls“the reality

oligarchy -1/10 of the people own 9/10 wealth

Capital v. Labor!Capital v. Labor!1877 – The Great Railroad Strike of . . (522) -1886 – Haymarket Riot (558) -1892 – Homestead Steel Strike (626) -1894 – The Pullman Strike (631)-

With Your Partner . . . With Your Partner . . . What caused the ruckus . . . What ensued as a result . . . Who won?CAPITAL or LABORWhy did they win? (what turned the

tide?)

“The Billion Dollar Congress”“The Billion Dollar Congress”______ _________ elected in 1888 -Republicans like high tariffs

McKinley Tariff Bill (1890)surplus –spend it on –Populist Party ( ____________’s Party)opposition party -Represent _________ & ___ v.

_________ & ___

The Populist PartyThe Populist PartyEconomic Demandsincreased money supply (16:1 silver)graduated income taxgov. owned utilities8 hour work dayimmigration restrictionPolitical Demandspopular election of U.S. Senatorssingle term for President and VPsecret ballot

Election 1892Small gains for PopulistsCleveland (D) wins Prez.The Panic of 1893overbuilding and overspeculationagricultural depressionEuropean banks pull money -depletion of gold reserve1895 – Gov. bailed out by -

Reaction to the Panic of 1893Coxey's Army - 1894"General" Jacob S. Coxey - demands –Result -Free Silver -debtors likeee - Coin's Financial School (1894) -- William

Hope Harvey

“Silverites” vs. “Gold Bugs” in 1896William McKinley Mark Hanna -Gold Standard -business, bankingoutspend Dems 16-1William Jennings Bryan –Cross of Gold Speech –Wins him ___________ & _________

Election of 1896Election of 1896“Gold Bug”Democrats – McKinley winsNE & MW beats S & W -begins a 16-year -high tariffsGold Standard Act (1900) -more new gold =

Constitutional safeguards for industry Constitutional safeguards for industry

Wabash v. Illinois ruling –Interstate Commerce ClauseThe 14th Amendmentinterpret corporations as

‘persons“ –protects -

Sherman Anti-Trust Act - 1890Sherman Anti-Trust Act - 1890goal -problem -actually used to break-up

___________ .but . . .

TariffsTariffs

Republicans = R___________

Democrats = D____________