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FOREARM X - RAY

Presented by: Marina Chong

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Anatomy of Forearm

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Anatomy of Forearm

1, Humerus. 2, Radius. 3, Ulna. 4,Scaphoid. 5, Lunate. 6, Triquetrum. 7,Capitatum bone. 8, Metacarpal bone.9, Metacarpophalangeal joint. 10,Proximal interphalangeal joint. 11,Proximal Phalanx. 12, Distal phalanx.Arrow, Fracture. *, Epiphysial plate.

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Anatomy of Forearm

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Indication (Pathology)

A forearm X-ray can help find the causes of common signs and symptomssupain, tenderness, swelling,or deformity of the forearm. It can detect broken after a broken bone has been set, can help determinewhether the bones aralignmentand the break has healed properly.

If surgery of the forearm is required, an X-ray may be taken to plan for the suto assess the results of the operation. Also, an X-ray can help to detect later sinfection, as well as cysts, tumors, or other diseasesin the bones of the forea

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Patients Preparation (AP & Later

Identify the correct patient by asking the patients name and registration nu

Ask the patient to remove radiopaque objects, such as jewellery or any othobjects.

Explain the procedure.

Female patientAsk for LMP.

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Technical Factors (AP Project

24 x 30 for smaller patients

35 x 43 cm for larger patients

Portrait, divided in 2 usually fits two forearm views, use lead masking for unus

Gridno

Exposure: 50 - 60 kVp, 1 - 2 mAs

SID100 cm

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Patient Position (AP Projection

1. Patient is seated at the end of the radiographic table with the side of interetable.

2. The patients head is turned away from the central ray during procedure.

3. The elbow is fully extended, and the hand is in supination (2ndto 5thmetacaheads against IR)

4. The shoulder at table level, and align and centre forearm to long axis to IR.

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AP Projection

Central Ray : CR perpendicularto mid - forearm

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Image Evaluation Criteria (APProjection)

The entire radius and ulna shvisible, with pertinent soft tissas fat pads and stripes of theelbow joints.

The wrist (along with the procarpal row) and distal humebe clearly demonstrated.

There are no rotation as evidhumeral epicondyles visualisprofile

Partially open elbow joint if tshoulder was placed in the sas the forearm.

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Technical Factors (Lateral Projec

24 x 30cm for smaller patients

35 x 43 cm for larger patients

Portrait, divided in 2 usually fits two forearm views, use lead masking for unus

Gridno

Exposure: 50 - 60 kVp, 1 - 2 mAs

SID100 cm

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Patient Position (Lateral Projectio

1. Patient is seated at the end of the radiographic table with the side of interetable.

2. The patients head is turned away from the central ray during procedure.

3. The elbow should be flexed in 90 degree

4. The hand and wrist in lateral position, with thumb up and the entire limb in tplane.

5. The shoulder at table level with align and centre forearm to long axis of IR.

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Lateral Projection

Central ray: CR perpendicularto midforearm (mid radialulna)

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Image Evaluation Criteria (LateraProjection) Elbow should be flexed at 90 degree.

Pertinent soft tissues, such as fat padsand stripes of the wrist and elbow joints,and bony trabeculation should bevisible.

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Reference

http://www.wikiradiography.com/page/Forearm+Radiographic+Anatomy (04/07/2014)

http://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.php (04/07/2014)

www.isradiology.org/isr/docs_books/technique/Chapter7.pdf (04/07/2014)

xraymanualpdf.auntminnie.com/ (04/07/2014)

http://www.wikiradiography.com/page/Forearm+Radiographic+Anatomyhttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://www.isradiology.org/isr/docs_books/technique/Chapter7.pdfhttp://www.isradiology.org/isr/docs_books/technique/Chapter7.pdfhttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://w-radiology.com/forearm_x-ray.phphttp://www.wikiradiography.com/page/Forearm+Radiographic+Anatomyhttp://www.wikiradiography.com/page/Forearm+Radiographic+Anatomy

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THANK YOU