Forest Fire Management and

Research in China

The Research Institution of Forest Resources Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, CHINA

Prof. Yi Haoruo

Email: yihr@caf.ac.cn

Tel: 86-10-62889161

1. Forest Fire Management

2. Forest Fire Research

3. Operation

OUTLINE

1.1 Forest Fire in China

1.2 Forest Fire Monitoring System

1.3 Organization Structure

1.4 Instruments

1. Forest Fire Management

Total Chinese Land Area: 9 600K sq.km

Forest Area: 2 080K sq.km

Forest Fire Management is a huge mission

for the government, community, and

researchers in China

(July 28,2002, Da Xing’anling, Inner Mongolia ) Damaged Forest Area: 13,800ha

1.1 Forest Fire in China

(May 17, 2003, Heihe, Heilongjiang province ) Burned Area:319,253ha, Damaged Forest Area:248,729 ha

1.1 Forest Fire in China

Number of Forest fire in China Times

1.1 Forest Fire in China

Annual Burned Area of Forest Fire

1.1 Forest Fire in China

1.2 Forest Fire Monitoring System

Fire WatchTower

Satellite

Airplane

Watch man Ground

Near GroundVideo

Airborne

SpaceFY

1.3 Organization Structure

National Forest Fire Prevention Headquarters

State Forestry Administration

National Forest Fire Prevention Office

Forest Fire Prevention Headquarters of Province

Armed Forest Police Headquarters

Aerial Forest Protection Center of Northeast

Coordination Center of Forest Fire Prevention

Aerial Forest Protection Center of Southwest

Coordination Center of Forest Fire Prevention of Southwest

Material Reserves Center of Beijing, Northeast and Southwest

Forest Fire Warning and Monitoring Information Center of SFA

Aerial Forest Protection Station

Forest Fire Prevention Office of Province

Forest Fire Prevention Office of City level

Forest Fire Prevention Office of City-level

Forest Fire Prevention Headquarters of County-level

Forest Fire Prevention Office of County-level

Forest Fire Company

Forest Fire Prevention Inspection Station

General of Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Yunnan, etc.

Division

Group

Detachment

Sub-center of Forest Fire Monitoring using Satellite

Aerial Forest

Protection Station

1.3 Organization Structure

1.4 InstrumentsSatellite Received Station

FYAerial Forest Protection

(About 30 aerial forest protection Station)

1.4 Instruments

Ground

2.1 Forest Fire Risk Prediction

2.2 Forest Fire Monitoring

2.3 Burned Area Mapping

2.4 Carbon Emission Monitoring

2. Forest Fire Research

National/Regional-level prediction on forest fire risk To get the forest fuel types of China.

To get the method to estimate the Relative Greenness.

To get the method to estimate the Fuel Moisture Content.

To get the methodology of forest fire danger rating System.

Purpose

2.1 Forest Fire Risk Prediction

GIS

Prediction Models

Public NetworkSatellite-Data

Network

Meteorological Observation Data

Forecast Data

Results

Remote Sensing Data

Forest Distribution

AdministrativeBoundary

ObservationData on Fire

Danger

……

FTRG

FMS

FMC: Fuel Moisture Content

RG: Relative Greenness

FT: Fuel Type

The flowchart of Forest Fire Risk Prediction

2.1 Forest Fire Risk Prediction

Fuel Types

Spatial resolution: 1km 250m

Relative Greens, Spatial Resolution 1Km (2001,9.23~9.30)

Fuel Greenness Estimation

Spatial Resolution : 1KM (2001,9. 23~9.30)

Forest Fuel Moisture Content

Water absorb

Reflectivity – Waver Length

Method-validation & Results

Results

To detect burning in the vast forest areas

To mapping large fires for fire suppression

To monitor all phases of a fire in the key regions

To get the fire distribution pattern using satellite data

Purpose

2.2 Forest Fires Monitoring

2.2 Forest Fires Monitoring

Satellite DataNOAA-AVHRR Data (1.1km)

MODIS Data (1.0km)

ENVISAT-AATSR Data (1.1km)

TM/ETM+ (30m)

SPOT 5 (10m)

FY 3A/B (1.0 km)

HJ-1B (150M)

MIR TIR

MIR TIR

Fire Character of Channel High temperature; RadMIR> RadTIR

Results: Detecting the burning over Heilongjiang

province in northeast of China

Fire image, Heilongjiang, May 21~31, 2006

Results: monitoring all phases of a fire in the

key regions

Fire image, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, 2006, Terra/MODIS

Results

May 22May 26

May 31May 30

HJ-1B IRS FY3A VIRR

Results: using various data from different sensor

April 29, 2009, ETM, Spatial Resolution:30meter

Fireline Extraction Results: mapping large fires for fire suppression

Fire Distribution PatternTo get the spatial and temporal distribution pattern

Fire Distribution Pattern

Annual total fire point by province, MODIS Data

Fire Distribution Pattern

Monthly total active fire counts belong to broadleaf forests for years 2000 - 2011

2.3 Burned Area Mapping

Purpose

To map burnt area borderline using

satellite image

To evaluate the damage by forest fires

Satellite Data

Image processing

Boundary Extracting

Maching, Overlay

Analysis

Burned Information Enhance

GIS Databases（ Forest Map, DEM, etc.）

Damage

Burned Area

Burned 3D Visualize

Burned Forest Type

The flowchart of Burned Area Mapping

2.3 Burned Area Mapping

Field Picture

Pingxiang City, GuangXi

2.3 Burned Area Mapping

Burning After Deforestation

2.3 Burned Area Mapping

Field Picture

NOAA-AVHRR (1.1Km)

MODIS (250m)

ENVISAT-MERIS (300m)

FY 3A/B MERSI (250m)

HJ-1A/B CCD (30m)

CEBERS CCD (20m)

Satellite Data

2.3 Burned Area Mapping

Red: 0.71m (9)Green: 0.89 m(14)Blue: 0.51 m (4)

China

Russia

MERIS, Oct. 25,2005, Spatial resolution 300meter

Burned Area

Burned Mapping Results

CBERS-2B, March 17, 2008, Spatial resolution:20meter

Burned Mapping Results

HJ-1A CCD, Oct. 5, 2009

Burned Mapping Results

R=1

G=2

B=1

MODIS 8 Day Composition （ Sep. 14~ 21,2001）

Damage Assessment Results

Result of Red-NIR Space Change Vector Method

A

Damage Assessment Results

Damage Assessment Results

Burned Severity (2006.6.2~6.10,MODIS)

Damage Assessment Results

Damage Assessment Results

HJ 1A-CCD, Oct. 5, 2009.

Damage Assessment Results

To adapt a monitoring technique to carbon

emissions (CO/CO2) from forest fires by using

ENVISAT-SCIAMACHY images

2.4 Carbon Emission Monitoring

2.4 Carbon Emission Monitoring

Flowchart of Carbon Emission Estimation

CO column data product (v0.6)

CO2 column data product (v1.0)

Average CO column before Forest Fire

Average CO2 column before Forest Fire

SCI_NL_2PP*

CO column After Forest Fire

CO2 column After Forest Fire

CO Emission CO2 Emission

Interpret to (1º*1º) CO2 Emission

Interpret to (1º*1º) CO Emission

Biomass Burning EstimationTo get the Fire Radiative Energy (FRE) by Biomass Burning

FRE =fire duration.<FRP> =d. <FRP> = f(d, m, c, FRPmax, FRPmin)

Burned Biomass (g/m2)= k . FRE (J/m2) k≈368

Biomass Burning Estimation

September,2004

Results

September, 2004

Results

3. Operation

Forest Fire Weather Danger Prediction

3. OperationFire Monitoring Information

3. Operation

Thanks !