forestry equipment hourly rates

FORESTRY EQUIPMENT HOURLY RATES

2019 / 2020

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CONTENTS

4 Introduction from TimberTracks

5 Introduction from Truck Loggers Association

6 About the Equipment Hourly Rates Project

9 Section One: Falling

10 Section Two: Skidding

11 Section Three: Forwarding

12 Section Four: Processing

14 Section Five: Loading

15 Section Six: Yarding

16 Section Seven: Trucks

18 Section Eight: Forestry Excavators

19 Section Nine: Forestry Dozers

20 Section Ten: Miscellaneous

4

The forest sector, a cyclical industry that has been

on an upcycle for the last few years, has been

showing some signs of weakness recently. Regardless

of the economic cycle, however, one thing does

not change: the movement of logs from the forest

to sawmills. The volumes may be higher or lower, but

logs still move, and this means logging services are

required. In British Columbia, independent logging

contractors are mostly providing those services.

Over the past few years, there has been a lot

of discussion about contractor sustainability.

The Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource

Operations and Rural Development released 13

recommendations of the Contractor Sustainability

Review in an effort to improve logging contractor

sustainability. The first two recommendations outlined

implementation of transparent rate models that will

allow contractors and licensees to negotiate rates

using detailed site- and circumstance-specific data

instead of positionally negotiating all-found rates

(an hourly metric that assumes the machine and

worker are already on site and ready to perform the

required work).

The foundation of any rate is the principle of

understanding the cost of the tools used to perform

the service. In logging, this means understanding

equipment and personnel hourly rates. Having a

model is one thing, having the data to populate

that model is another, and having objective data

that accurately represent industry best practices

and actual cost factors is something else again.

Hourly equipment rate models are all relatively the

same. They consider ownership costs across the

efficient useful life of equipment, include operating

costs on an annual basis, layer in business overhead

factors and profit, and then apply those costs

against core annual usage assumptions to calculate

an hourly rate.

Four years ago, TimberTracks™ began collecting

data on logging equipment costs and operating

circumstances. That database considers over 50

different operating circumstances and cost factors

for owning and operating logging equipment in

British Columbia, whether in the Coast or Interior

region. During this time of evolving market forces,

there is a need for better integration of the forest

sector supply chain, making it incumbent on the

industry to begin rationalizing the true cost of

operating on the land base. Establishing market-

reflective hourly rates is the first step in establishing

an efficiently supply managed industry.

This past summer, TimberTracks™ undertook the

ambitious project of building new forest sector

hourly rates from the ground up using actual data

obtained from logging contractors, equipment

manufacturers and licensees. The data collected

have been aggregated together by each cost

factor and operating circumstance as a means to

establish industry-representative data points. These

data points have then been fed into a model that

calculates hourly rates assuming a reasonable

average operating circumstance in the industry. The

TimberTracks™ British Columbia Forest Sector Hourly

Rates publication is available to TimberTracks™

subscribers and under licensing agreements to

Truck Loggers Association and Interior Logging

Association members. Over time, the TimberTracks™

Forest Sector Hourly Rates will evolve to incorporate

regional and operating circumstances in order to

facilitate dynamic adjustments that recognize a

range of changing factors; this will soon allow long-

term set rates to be replaced by ones that reflect

true operating circumstances and market factors.

This important development will lead to a healthier

industry overall by enabling market participants to

collaboratively realize more opportunities to achieve

cost synergies, all with the objective of improving the

sustainability of British Columbia’s forest sector.

Introduction from Timber Tracks

Know more.

Achieve more.

5

The Truck Loggers Association (TLA) believes that a

strong and sustainable working forest will generate

long-term prosperity for the people of British

Columbia, and that the people who work in our

forests must share in this prosperity. We serve as an

influential voice in the forest industry on behalf of our

500-member companies across the province and

represent independent timber harvesting contracts,

phase contractors, market loggers, independent

sawmills, industry suppliers and forest resource

dependent communities.

In fulfilling our mission to promote the viability of

the TLA membership by promoting contractor

sustainability and fostering successful relationships

that support our vision, we are very proud to have

partnered with TimberTracks™ in the development

of these Forestry Equipment Hourly Rates. It is a

demonstration of how the TLA acts strategically

to help its membership across the province, from

Campbell River to Prince George.

The motivation behind this project was the findings

from the 2018 Contractors Sustainability Review

(CSR), which incorporated financial data from the

contracting community combined with personal

accounts shared by contractors and licensees

to form a bleak picture of the financial state of

logging contractors in BC. The CSR found that good

business relationships enhance sustainability and

competitiveness in the sector, and identified that

transparency (or lack thereof) as a predominant

issue in relationships between contractors and the

licensees that employ them.

Specifically, transparency in terms of both parties

having the ability to see and discuss variables

that comprise harvesting costs. As such, the CSR

recommended the use of rate models. To do so

requires equipment rate knowledge of the costs to

sustainability operate logging equipment, which is

a known gap and thus typically becomes a source

of friction in relationships between contractors and

licensees during rate negotiations.

Furthermore, there is a distinct weakness in

understanding what the costs are to operate

equipment such as grapple yarders on steeper

slopes. Therefore, the TLA initiated this project to

help fill this gap in knowledge for the betterment of

the industry.

We would like the reader to note these hourly rates

attempt to cover the full equipment compliment

and the costs to run them in the forestry industry.

The rates presented consider that equipment

is expected to run year-round and achieve

higher utilization and greater wear-and-tear than

equipment used in the construction sector. In

the development of these rates, it was key that

current equipment purchase and repair costs

were incorporated given the significant inflation

that has occurred in a relatively short period of

time. And rates reflect that off-road equipment

fuel consumption is different than in a construction

environment.

The TLA would like to thank the contractors and

equipment dealers who offered their extensive

knowledge to the development of these rates.

Additionally, we would like to thank TimberTracks™

for embracing this idea and creating what we

hope will be a very useful tool for the industry, and

ultimately help improve relationships.

Introduction from Truck Loggers Association

6

The TimberTracks™ Hourly Rate Project

was initiated with a goal to provide

independent forest sector based hourly

equipment rates that recognize the costs

of production. Forestry is a production

environment and the equipment rates

should reflect that.

The data collected for this Project was from

industry – those that make, sell, and service

the equipment and those that own and

operate the equipment.

Building hourly rates

Over a period of several years, we solicited

data from equipment manufacturers,

through their dealers, and from logging

contractors. Thousands of data points were

recorded, analyzed, and averaged to

build these rates that reflect reality in British

Columbia’s forest sector.

Hourly rates were developed using a cost

build up plus profit margin methodology.

Costs were split between ownership costs –

costs that are considered fixed costs – and

operating costs – costs that are considered

variable.

Lifetime ownership costs incorporate the

average purchase cost of fully rigged

out equipment, the average cost of

financing, the average return on equity,

and the average salvage value were

incorporated. These costs are spread

over the efficient useful life, in hours, of a

machine. In certain machine types, such

as yarders, major rebuild investments over

the machine’s lifetime were incorporated

into the ownership costs. Ownership costs

also include the annual insurance costs as a

fixed cost. Ownership costs are spread over

a machine’s expected annual production

hours.

Operating costs incorporate normal

running repairs and maintenance, annual

tire replacement (for wheeled units),

undercarriage replacement (for tracked

units), lubricant costs (including DEF in

newer machines), fuel costs, and operator

wages. Wages incorporate base wages,

overtime, and normal payroll loading/

burden (ie. Statutory holidays, vacation

entitlement, Canada Pension Plan,

Employment Insurance, WorkSafeBC

premiums, pension, extended medical

benefits, and Employer Health Tax).

Company overhead is included in hourly

rates. Overhead is company overhead

items such as business management,

administration activities, general liability

insurance, office and shop rental,

working capital financing, typical safety

training, and annual business professional

compliance such as legal and accounting.

What an houly rate represents

An hourly rate represents a market average

cost and return on investment that is

sustainable for forestry equipment used in

a production operation. That means the

equipment is used efficiently across an

entire year and generates production hours

over an efficient useful life. The hourly rates

represent the time a machine is on a work

site, ready and able to work.

An efficient useful life of equipment is the

lifespan of the machine where the cost

of ownership and cost of repair result

in uptime availability. Reduced uptime

due to mechanical breakdown results in

reduced annual productivity. Production

is lost, but workers must still be paid, and

more mechanics must be available to

keep the machines running. Sometimes

it even means having capital invested in

surplus machines to maintain production.

Lower productivity leads to inefficiency

and higher unit costs.

7

Within a certain range of decreasing

uptime and increasing repair costs, it

becomes more cost effective to purchase

a new machine which will likely have a

higher ownership cost but will have fewer

mechanical breakdowns and higher uptime

availability. This time period is determined

as the efficient useful life of a machine. Our

analysis has considered these factors when

determining an efficient useful life to identify

an average tipping point when the uptime

availability factor favours replacement of

the machine.

What an hourly rate does NOT represent

An hourly rate can never truly consider every cost or risk of every circumstance. Those will be variable. The TimberTracks™ Hourly Rate Project did not consider a number of cost factors which would be in addition to normal rates.

It does not consider the costs associated with transportation and lost production time of the machine moving from work site to work site. Assuming annual production hours can still be achieved, the costs associated with mobilization and demobilization are extra.

The hourly rates do not reflect worker transportation and/or accommodation. The rates assume that a worker is on site with the equipment already and is ready and able to work. Worker transportation to and from the work site – whether by pickup, crew bus, boat, or other form of travel – is extra cost.

Due to the variety of operating environments and methods of managing work, the hourly rates do not include project management or supervisory costs. Some projects are simple or small and do not require an additional supervisor while other projects are complex or large and requirement multiple levels of onsite management. Project management or supervisory costs are in addition to the hourly rates.

Every operating environment has risk factors. Hourly rates represent average hourly operating risk. They do not consider the site specific risk factors that may exist in a production logging operation. These risk factors would normally be considered by adjustments to machine productivity when calculating unit rates.

Reference models

Each hourly rate is associated with Reference Models to provide a comparable indication of a typical machine that would fit within the machine class. The Reference Models are not intended to be all encompassing but rather examples to compare against. Users of the hourly rates should choose the closest reference model when choosing an hourly rate. When determining the appropriate comparable rate for an unlist machine, use the weight and horsepower ratings for classification.

Rates for older equipment

The hourly rates provided are primarily for later model year (last ten years) equipment used in a production environment Equipment older than ten years old is not as efficient in production. The lower capital return required on older equipment is offset by reduced availability and increased repair and maintenance costs. A terminal model year and older hourly rate has been established for most equipment.

Fuel price adjustments

Fuel prices are set using Natural Resources Canada “Weekly Average Wholesale (Rack) Prices for Regular Gasoline and Diesel”. For 2019 hourly rates, clear gasoline is indexed at $1.1682 per litre, clear diesel is indexed at $1.1703 per litre, and marked diesel is indexed at $1.0503 per litre. All prices include taxes, except Federal Goods and Service tax. Each month, TimberTracks subscribers receive hourly rate updates using average of previous month weekly average rack rates for Prince George, Kamloops, and Nanaimo. Cartage for delivery of bulk fuel to work sites is an additional cost.

Not a TimberTracks subscriber but interested in receiving regular fuel price adjusted rates? Contact [email protected] to discuss your needs.

8

Hourly rates used in unit rate models

The TimberTracks™ Hourly Rate Project was established to consider the all-found hourly operating cost of equipment in production forestry operations. Machine rates are the foundation of unit rate models. Unit rate models, whether by cubic metre, tonne, hectare, or some other unit, require productivity expectations be applied to hourly rates.

For example, to determine a cubic metre unit rate for mechanical falling using a 2017 class 3 flat bottom buncher, the operating circumstances must determine hourly productivity. If the specific operating circumstances define a 50 cubic metre hourly productivity, the hourly rate of $260.47 would be divided by 50 cubic metres to recognize a unit rate of $5.2094 per cubic metre.

The TimberTracks™ Hourly Rate Project, at this time, only considers direct phase rates. It does not consider the full costs associated with production operations. There are many additional costs related to mobilization, demobilization, crew accommodation, onsite supplemental assets, atypical parts inventories, and many other factors that would need to be incorporated into a unit rate model. Future versions of the TimberTracks™ Hourly Rate Project will expand to include more market-based costs for additional factors.

TimberTracks™ is developing a unit rate model that will be available exclusively to TimberTracks™ subscribers that will include phase rates and supplemental factors to calculate all-found unit rates for logging programs.

Interested in hourly rates other than all-found or phase productivity for use in your own unit rate model? Contact [email protected] to discuss your needs.

Excluded Cost Checklist

The full cost of business operations is more than just the hourly rate for a machine. The standard business overhead items that must be incurred by all businesses have been incorporated into the hourly rates. However, there are supplemental costs that cannot easily be captured in a machine hourly rate due to the variability or inconsistent need

for them. When calculating a unit rate for a rate model, consider some of the following costs and if they apply to the work situation. This list is not an all-inclusive list and other additional costs may be required in specific scenarios.

⬜ Mobilization and demobilization of machines and support items

⬜ Lost machine productivity for mobilization and demobilization

⬜ Supervision including transportation for supervisor

⬜ Daily crew transportation time and cost of transportation method

⬜ Crew turnaround time (to/from camp) and cost of transportation method

⬜ Remote operations parts inventory, supplies, fuel, etc.

⬜ Camp, accommodations or Living Out Allowance (LOA)

⬜ Emergency Transport Vehicles (ETVs) cost to purchase and maintain

⬜ Mobile Treatment Centres (MTCs) cost to purchase and maintain

⬜ Fuel farms / tank farms cost to purchase and maintain

⬜ Cartage for fuel to project location

⬜ Generators cost to purchase and maintain

⬜ Fire trucks cost to purchase and maintain

⬜ Fire equipment winterization, storage, transport and training

⬜ Environmental downtime from weather or effects on productivity

9

SECTION ONE: Falling

Class Size (lbs) HP Range Reference Models 2019 - 2016 2015 - 2012 2011 & older

2 < 70,000 < 300 Tigercat 855E $ 233.93 $ 224.57 $ 215.59

3 > 70,000 > 300John Deere 903M/953M

Tigercat X870D$ 260.47 $ 250.06 $ 240.05

1.1 FELLER BUNCHER Tracked - Flat Bottom - Tail Swing

1.2 FELLER BUNCHER Tracked - Flat Bottom - Zero Tail Swing

1.3 FELLER BUNCHER Tracked - Levelling


2 < 65,000 < 300Caterpillar 521BTigercat 822D

$ 229.35 $ 220.18 $ 211.37

3 > 65,000 > 280Caterpillar 541B

John Deere 803M/853MTigercat 845D

$ 251.92 $ 241.84 $ 232.17


2 < 85,000 < 300Caterpillar 522BTigercat L845D

$ 247.31 $ 237.42 $ 227.92

3 > 85,000 > 280Caterpillar 552B

John Deere 859M/959MTigercat L855E/L870C/LX870C

$ 274.43 $ 263.45 $ 252.91

10

SECTION TWO: Skidding

2.1 SKIDDER Rubber Tire - 4 Wheel Drive

2.2 SKIDDER Rubber Tire - 6 Wheel Drive


1 < 45,000 < 250Caterpillar 535DJohn Deere 648L

Tigercat 620E$ 157.40 $ 151.11 $ 145.06

245,000

- 48,000250 - 280

Caterpillar 545DJohn Deere 748L

Tigercat 630E$ 174.35 $ 167.38 $ 160.68

3 > 48,000 > 280Caterpillar 555D

John Deere 848L/948LTigercat 632E

$ 185.26 $ 177.85 $ 170.74


3 > 50,000 290 Tigercat 635G $ 211.32 $ 202.87 $ 194.75

11

SECTION THREE: Forwarding

3.1 FORWARDERS


1 < 30,000 < 215 Caterpillar 574 $ 186.19 $ 178.74 $ 171.59

230,000

- 40,000215 - 250

John Deere 1210G/1510GTigercat 1055C

$ 200.95 $ 192.91 $ 185.20

3 > 40,000 > 250Caterpillar 584

John Deere 1910GTigercat 1085C

$ 212.04 $ 203.55 $ 195.41

12

SECTION FOUR: Processing

4.1 HARVESTER CARRIER

4.2 EXCAVATOR CARRIER


1 < 63.000 < 300Caterpillar 501HD/521B

Tigercat H822D/H845D/H855E$ 240.24 $ 230.63 $ 221.41

263,000

- 75,000> 300 John Deere 803MH/853MH $ 264.22 $ 253.65 $ 243.50

3 > 75,000 > 300 John Deere 903MG/953MH $ 273.78 $ 262.83 $ 252.31


1 < 65.000 < 160Caterpillar 320DFMLink-Belt 210X2RBN

$ 208.55 $ 200.21 $ 192.20

265,000

- 75,000160 - 180

Caterpillar 538/324DFMJohn Deere 2154G

Link-Belt 240X2RBN/3240RBN$ 221.51 $ 212.65 $ 204.14

375,000

- 80,000180 - 200

John Deere 2654GLink-Belt 290X2RBN/3740RBN

$ 232.80 $ 223.49 $ 214.55

480,000 -90,000

200 - 225Caterpillar 548

John Deere 2654GLink-Belt 4040RBN

$ 239.01 $ 229.45 $ 220.27

590,000 -100,000

225 -250

Caterpillar 558/325DFMJohn Deere 3154GLink-Belt 4640RBN

$ 269.33 $ 258.56 $ 248.22

6 >100,000 > 250Caterpillar 568


$ 300.99 $ 288.95 $ 277.39

13

4.4 LEVELLING


2 < 71,000 < 300Caterpillar 522B

Tigercat LH822D/LH845D/LH855E$ 275.29 $ 264.28 $ 253.71

3 > 71,000 > 300 John Deere 859MH/959MH $ 307.97 $ 295.65 $ 283.83

4.3 LOADER CARRIER


270,000 -80,000

160 - 190Caterpillar 538 LL/324DFM

John Deere 2156G Link-Belt 240X2RBN/3240TLN

$ 224.83 $ 215.84 $ 207.21

380,000 -90,000

190 - 220Caterpillar 548 LL/325DFM

John Deere 2656GLink-Belt 290X2FHW/3740RBN/4040TLW

$ 242.03 $ 232.35 $ 223.06

490,000 - 100,000

220 - 250Caterpillar 558 LL

John Deere 3156G$ 282.07 $ 270.79 $ 259.96

5 >100,000 > 250Caterpillar 568 LL

John Deere 3756G$ 311.68 $ 299.22 $ 287.25

14

SECTION FIVE: Log Loading


1 < 70.000 < 160 Link-Belt 210XTLW $ 178.39 $ 171.26 $ 164.41

270,000

- 80,000160 - 190

Caterpillar 538 LL/324DFMJohn Deere 2156G

Link-Belt 240X2RBN/3240TLN$ 193.15 $ 185.43 $ 178.01

380,000

- 90,000190 - 220

Caterpillar 548 LL/325DFMJohn Deere 2656G

Link-Belt 290X2FHW/3740RBN/4040TLW$ 221.44 $ 212.58 $ 204.08

490,000 - 100,000

220 - 250Caterpillar 558 LL

John Deere 3156G$ 234.92 $ 225.52 $ 216.50

5 >100,000 > 250Caterpillar 568 LL

John Deere 3756G$ 255.60 $ 245.38 $ 235.57

5.1 LOG LOADERS

15

SECTION SIX: Yarding

Class Reference Models 2 Crew Backspar 3 Crew

1 Madill 120/121 $ 346.57 $ 371.81 $ 430.07

2Madill 044/122/123/124

Cypress 6280$ 365.92 $ 391.17 $ 449.42

3Madill 144

Cypress 7280$ 385.91 $ 411.16 $ 469.41

6.1 REBUILT YARDERS

Class Reference Models 2 Crew Backspar 3 Crew

2 T-Mar Log Champ 550 $ 453.61 $ 478.85 $ 535.82

3Madill 124

T-Mar Log Champ 650$ 504.83 $ 530.08 $ 587.05

6.2 NEW YARDERS

Yarding rates include the machine and crew on-site, ready, and able to work. Crew pickup is not included in the rate. The 2 Crew rate includes one powersaw, the Backspar rate includes 2 Crew rate plus Backspar, the 3 Crew rate includes utility man and second powersaw.

16

SECTION SEVEN: Trucks

Payload (MT) Axles Reference Configurations 2019 - 2016 2015 - 2012 2011 & older

34 5 Tandem tractor with tandem trailer $ 159.32 $ 152.95 $ 146.83

38 7 Tridem tractor with tridem trailer $ 169.70 $ 162.91 $ 156.40

38 7 Tridem tractor with hayrack trailer $ 165.91 $ 166.96 $ 160.18

42 8 Tridem tractor with b-train trailer $ 177.69 $ 170.58 $ 163.76

49 9 Tridem tractor with b-train trailer $ 182.65 --- ---

7.1 LOGGING TRUCK CONFIGURATIONS

Dif Payload (M3) Reference Configurations Hourly

65 Chubby Truck $ 189.87

91 90 Fat Truck $ 210.99

121 95 Fat Truck $ 220.27

7.2 FAT TRUCK CONFIGURATIONS

17

Payload Axles Reference Configurations 2019 - 2016 2015 - 2012 2011 & older

28 5 Tandem tractor with tandem bed $ 181.79 $ 174.51 $ 167.53

36 6Tandem tractor with triaxle bed or tandem bed with jeep or booster

$ 183.73 $ 176.38 $ 169.32

45 7Tridrive tractor with trixaxle bed or

tandem tractor with triaxle bed with jeep or booster

$ 194.44 $ 186.66 $ 179.20

54 8Tridrive tractor with triaxle bed with jeep

or booster$ 212.70 $ 204.19 $ 196.03

120 5 Fat Truck Off-Highway Lowbed --- --- $ 291.32

150 5 Fat Truck Off-Highway Lowbed --- --- $ 303.33

7.3 LOWBEDS

Reference Configurations Hourly

1/2 Tonne Pickup (Gasoline) $ 63.62

1/2 Tonne Crew (Gasoline) $ 68.20

3/4 Tonne Crew (Diesel) $ 74.49

1 Tonne Crew (Diesel) $ 75.33

7.4 PICKUPS

Pickup truck hourly rates are per travel hour of a pickup. No labour is included in the rate.

18

SECTION EIGHT: Forestry Excavators


1 < 65,000 < 160Caterpillar 320DFMink-Belt 210X2RBN

$ 177.13 $ 170.05 $ 163.24

265,000

- 75,000160 - 180

Caterpillar 538/324DFMJohn Deere 2154G

Link-Belt 240X2RBN/3240RBN$ 185.33 $ 177.92 $ 170.80

375,000

- 80,000180 - 200

John Deere 2654GLink-Belt 290X2RBN/3740RBN

$ 192.47 $ 184.77 $ 177.38

480,000

- 90,000200 - 225

Caterpillar 548John Deere 2654GLink-Belt 4040RBN

$ 198.68 $ 190.74 $ 183.11

590,000

- 100,000225 - 250

Caterpillar 558/325DFMJohn Deere 3154GLink-Belt 4640RBN

$ 228.08 $ 218.96 $ 210.20

6 >100,000 > 250Caterpillar 568


$ 256.01 $ 245.77 $ 235.94

8.1 FORESTRY EXCAVATOR

Forestry Excavators are assumed to include heavy duty undercarriage, high walker undercarrier (road builders), forestry guarding, thumb, two buckets, and quick attachments.

19


1 < 70,000 < 180Caterpillar 538

John Deere 2154G$ 188.84 $ 181.28 $174.03

270,000

- 80,000180 - 200

Caterpillar 548John Deere 2654G

$ 202.19 $ 194.10 $ 186.34

380,000

- 90,000200 - 250

Caterpillar 558John Deere 3154G

$ 231.58 $ 222.32 $ 213.43

4 > 90,000 > 250Caterpillar 568

John Deere 3756G$ 256.61 $ 246.34 $ 236.49

8.2 FORESTRY ROADBUILDER

SECTION NINE: Dozers

Class HP Range Reference Models 2019 - 2016 2015 - 2012 2011 & older

3 130 - 190Caterpillar D6T

John Deere 700K/750K$ 218.17 $ 209.44 $ 201.06

4 190 - 260Caterpillar D7E

John Deere 850K$ 273.43 $ 262.49 $ 251.99

5 260 - 360Caterpillar D8T

John Deere 950K/1050K$ 326.19 $ 313.14 $ 300.61

9.1 FORESTRY DOZERS

Forestry Dozers include blade, control, winch or ripper, and forestry guarding.

20

SECTION TEN: Miscellaneous

Reference Models Day Rate

SupervisorSupervisor labour rate only excluding

transportation$ 958.68

Powersaw Utility powersaw only $ 53.36

10.1 MISCELLANEOUS DAY RATE

TimberTracks.ca

#100 – 770 Brunswick Street

Prince George, BC, V2L 2C2

[email protected]

@timbertracks

Know more.

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forestry equipment hourly rates

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