forgetting an inability to retrieve from ltm. but is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure?...

Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM

Upload: evelyn-lindsey

Post on 05-Jan-2016

213 views

Category:

Documents

0 download

Report

Download

Embed Size (px):

TRANSCRIPT

Forgetting

An inability to retrieve from LTM

But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure?

• “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there and just not accessible.

• Was it inadequately stored, or learned, when we acquired it?

• Has it actually decayed with time?

Page 3: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

Important questions, because we would like to know

• How might we minimize forgetting?

• How can we remember what we wish and forget what we’d rather forget?

• Should we attempt to interfere with forgetting, or does forgetting serve an essential purpose?

Page 4: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

Hermann Ebbinghaus

• In 1885, using himself as subject, studied forgetting, using nonsense syllables (why?)

• Plotted a forgetting curve, testing himself at various intervals after learning, and found that memory did decline with time passage

Page 5: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

I. Transience

Pattern of forgetting over time

• Early theorists suggested that decay of memories accounts for forgetting

• Some evidence does suggest that unused memories are forgotten.

Page 6: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

Interference

• Recent research suggests much more forgetting occurs due to Interference

• Proactive Interference: Previously learned information inhibits our ability to remember new information

Page 7: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

• Retroactive Interference: New information inhibits our ability to remember old information

Page 8: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

Page 9: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

• Especially potent when retrieval cues are identical or very similar

(e.g., learning new/forgetting old locker combinations)

Page 10: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

II. Blocking

Temporary inability to retrieve something known

Very common: forgetting the name of a CD, someone’s name you know, etc.

Page 11: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

TOT Phenomenon

• Experienced as inability to recall a fact, word, name, etc., that we are absolutely certain we know and have stored in LTM;

The memory is temporarily inaccessible.

For example,

Page 12: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

>Patronage bestowed on a relative, in business or politics is

Page 13: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

• Often due to interference from words similar in sound, number of syllables, 1st letter, etc.: they keep recurring as we try to remember target word

Page 14: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

>An astronomical instrument for finding position is

Page 15: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

III. Absentmindedness

Inattentive or shallow encoding of events

Where your keys are, name of person you just met, whether you took your vitamins, etc.

Page 16: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

• Described as explaining “change blindness” – inability to detect changes to an object or scene

• Well-known example: individual asking directions “changes” to another person

Page 17: Forgetting An inability to retrieve from LTM. But is forgetting necessarily a retrieval failure? “RetrievaI failure” implies the information is there

Amnesia

• Extreme forgetting: inability to retrieve vast quantities of information from LTM

• Anterograde and retrograde

REMEMBERING & FORGETTING

Forgetting Theory

Congestive Heart Failure Inability of the heart to handle the volume of blood returned to it

Forgetting persentation

Year 11 Psychology Memory REVISION BOOKLET · procedural (how to do things like ride a bike) and sematic memories (facts). Damage leads to inability to form or use ... Types of forgetting:

The Seven Sins of Memory Transience Losing access to information across time because of forgetting, interference or retrieval failure. Absent- Failure

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE RESOURCE GUIDE Prevent ...1 Overview of Congestive Heart Failure Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a complex syndrome resulting in the heart’s inability

simonetteelgertportfolio.weebly.comsimonetteelgertportfolio.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/9/6/... · Web viewCongestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a chronic disease caused by the inability of

Forgetting Encoding Failure Encoding Failure Storage Decay Retrieval Failure

Forgetting War

Forgetting, Non-Forgetting and Quasi-Forgetting: Public Policy and Corporate Practice

FORGETTING. FORGETTING Defined as: Defined as: The inability to retrieve previously stored information… The information is not LOST just cannot be RETRIEVED

Forgetting and theories of forgetting

12 Autobiographical forgetting, social forgetting, and

The Failure of Idealism: Mental Models and the Inability to Change · 2014-02-10 · The Failure of Idealism: Mental Models and the Inability to Change ABSTRACT: Ideals can be tools

Forgetting Nationality

Causes of Forgetting - UMasspeople.umass.edu/dehuber/cognition_ch8.pdf · 2016. 3. 9. · Forgetting Curves •Ebbinghaus(1885) nonsense syllable experiment (non-linear forgetting)

UPDATES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CARDIAC … · Definition of heart failure Definition - what is heart failure? Pathophysiological definition • Inability of the heart

Forgetting Gallipoli

(Spiral) Forgetting

Forgetting. Encoding Failure We fail to encode the information. It never has a chance to enter our LTM

1 Liver failure. 2 It’s the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic function as part of normal physiology. Liver failure

forgetting postmodernism.pdf

CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE - Oak Bay Animal Hospital...CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE The term "chronic kidney failure" is the inability of the kidneys to remove toxic and waste products from

Forgetting Theories Encoding failure Encoding failure Role of time Role of time Interference theories Interference theories

Memory...1. Decay –Information disappears if not accessed (STM) 2. Replacement –New info can wipe out old info 3. Cue-dependent Forgetting –Inability to retrieve info stored

Congestive Heart Failure - Lifespan · Congestive Heart Failure: Definition and Symptoms •Definition: The inability of the heart to meet the metabolic (bloodflow) demands of the

HEART FAILURE IN NEONATE AND INFANT. Congestive heart failure (CHF) refers to a clinical state of systemic and pulmonary congestion resulting from inability

WHAT IS CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE? - cvtoolbox.com · WHAT IS CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE? Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a term used to describe the heart’s inability to pump enough

Forgetting android

FORGETTING Inability to retrieve information previously stored in LTM

HEART FAILURE. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the clinical state of systemic and pulmonary congestion resulting from inability of the heart to pump

Morbidities in Cardiac Co- Outpatient Settingscardiopt.org/csm2012/ID31598Co-MorbiditiesInOutpatient.pdf · Cardiac Comorbidities in Outpatient Settings: ... •Heart failure - inability

TCP/IP - Connect, Inc. · Streams Failure Streams Failure Problem Description The system "Stops" at some interval on TCP/IP Enabled NCU's. This is defined as the inability for RF

Forgetting. Encoding Failure Encoding failure Encoding Failure Encoding failure